Tesi sul tema "Boys – travel"
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Gaillard, Cindy A. "A Boy Named Cindy". The Ohio State University, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1429446486.
Testo completoBoucher, Jeremie. "Caractérisation de la coupe rotative du bois : interaction machine / outil / pièce / procédé". Nancy 1, 2007. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/prive/SCD_T_2007_0055_BOUCHER.pdf.
Testo completoGuillen Technical Tools, producer of woodworking tools, presents an industrial problematic built through two research goals. Investigations on wood field companies and functional analysis practiced within Guillen company involve deepening and classification of her scientific and technical knowledge. This company has to integrate and suit existing wood cutting laws to her tool conception. Nevertheless, scientific community still encounters missing data and particularly about the effects of cutting geometry when milling laminated wood based products. Experimentation on the tool edge inclination angle gives the evolution trends on cutting forces, melamine cracks and tool wear. Moreover, thanks to study of infinitesimal forces, a analytical model of wood cutting forces in three dimensions can explain why higher is the tested angle, better is the tool life. Scientific and technical contribution, given by both milling tests and theoretical foundation on tooling system, prompt the Guillen company to work for the knowledge management. This exacting task has to be directed step by step. The first important objective is to integrate product lifecycle management software (PLM). Specifications of this PLM software is declined through the product to deal with, in one hand, and the process to make use of such a system, on the other hand. Product data modeling is performed by using UML. The process part take account the links between each kind of resources of the company and the working of the PLM software
Costa, Maria José Jackson. "Bois et processus de travail dans l'industrie du bois au Pará". Paris 3, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA030021.
Testo completoThis study has for objective to understand the growth of exploitation of wood in para and to analyse the process of industrial work and the conditions of insertion of the man power. It points out the sociological, demographic, economic, geographic and political factors and the relation between exploitation of wood and environment. The main objective is to give a study about people who works in industry of wood and to show the recent development os feminine work in this sector
Coelho, Cristina. "Influence de l'usinage du bois sur les caractéristiques objectives et sur la perception subjective de l'aspect d'une finition". Nancy 1, 2006. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/SCD_T_2006_0109_COELHO.pdf.
Testo completoThe influence of the operating parameters of wood machining on the quality of a finished surface was established. Several parameters were studied related to the machining operation, to the surface preparation and to the product application. A statistical Taguschi experimental tool was implemented. The quantitative evaluation of the state of the surface was assessed by means of an artificial vision system for the determination of the pseudo-roughness of wood surfaces. Various criteria for evaluating the resulting profile were derived. The undulation Kond and roughness Krug criteria give good correlation with the different qualities of machining. The assessment of the perception of surface state and subjective quality of the finishing will be carried out by means of visual and tactile perception methods. Among the criteria which characterize the state of the surface, a criterion named Ksub was defined which present the best correlation with the results of the subjective analysis
Benje, Peter. "Maschinelle Holzbearbeitung : ihre Einführung und die Auswirkungen auf Betriebsformen, Produkte und Fertigung im Tischlereigewerbe während des 19. Jahrhunderts in Deutschland /". Darmstadt : Wiss. Buchgesellschaft, 2002. http://www.loc.gov/catdir/toc/fy0611/2002505904.html.
Testo completoDinkel, Olivier. "Etude et modélisation de l'endommagement d'un assemblage collé bois-bois sollicité en traction". Metz, 1997. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/UPV-M/Theses/1997/Dinkel.Olivier.SMZ9706.pdf.
Testo completoJoints, which are essential parts of timber structures, must be designed to support expected loads during the life of the structure. The scarf joint is present in many elements, mainly in glulam structures. The behaviour before fracture of such joints is the object of this study. The cumulated damage of the joint is followed during the loading. The joint is considered as composed from wood, wood+adhesive, adhesive. A number of damage tests has been made. These tests have been purchased till fracture occurs. It is deduced from them that the adhesive part is the only one which is damaged during the loading. The corresponding damage law is identified and the model is verified with a finite elements computation
Rivat, Jean-Michel. "Amélioration des performances des scies à ruban". Nancy 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996NAN10271.
Testo completoMothe, Frédéric. "Aptitude au déroulage du bois de Douglas : conséquences de l'hétérogénéité du bois sur la qualité des placages". Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988NAN10191.
Testo completoDeces-Petit, Cyrille. "Etude des phases transitoires au cours du déroulage du bois". Paris, ENSAM, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996ENAM0027.
Testo completoAllery, Jean-Pascal. "Les pesticides employés pour le traitement du bois : utilisation et risques toxiques". Bordeaux 2, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997BOR23017.
Testo completoNizésété, Bienvenu Denis. "Les hommes et le bois dans les hauts plateaux de l'Ouest-Cameroun : des éléments pour l'archéologie, l'histoire et la technologie du bois dans les Grassfields". Paris 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA010616.
Testo completoMy research work is based on the paleo-environment, the history of the techniques and rural history in western Cameroon. My thesis consisted of a specialized study of ancient types of wood used by artists and craftsmen, in order to make different objects such as; pillars in the construction of houses, masks, statues, drums, seats, thrones, bridges and various domestic and agricultural implements, for instance, the handles of tools. From the anatomical identification of approximately 450 selected pieces of wood, chosen from amongst different objects of art, i was surprised by the diversity and richness to be found with regard to the quality of the types of wood which had been selected and worked upon and i attempted to decipher the reasons for such a varied choice of woods. During the course of my investigation, I discovered that certain types of wood used in the past no longer formed part of the local vegetable kingdom. Based on information available in the fields of palynology and anthropology, I attempted to reconstitute the landscape from 25. 000 years B. P. Up until 10. 000 B. C. I subsequently tried to provide an explanation for the intensive deforestation of the region and to understand the impact on one type of wood in relation to a specific area of work
Kusiak, Andrzej. "Caractérisation thermique des outils revêtus en usinage du bois". Bordeaux 1, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004BOR12893.
Testo completoMurphy, Terence I. "Minnesota boy, journeys of mind and place: A memoir; and, International development in the era of mass travel : an essay". Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2010. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/144.
Testo completoConstantineau, Serge. "Comportement à l'usinage du bois de clones de peupliers hybrides". Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/21728.
Testo completoLes comportements au rabotage, ponçage, défonçage et tournage du bois de sept clones de peuplier hybride provenant de trois sites de plantation suivant trois procédés de séchage: conventionnel, à température élevée et à haute température ont été étudiés Les propriétés d'usinage ont été déterminées à une teneur en humidité de 8% suivant la norme ASTM D1666-87. La qualité des surfaces obtenues a été évaluée qualitativement et quantitativement. Les clones de peuplier hybride se sont bien comportés lors du rabotage, ponçage et défonçage. La performance face au tournage fut plutôt faible. Dans l'ensemble, le comportement à l'usinage a été influencé en ordre décroissant d'importance par les paramètres de coupe, les clones, les procédés de séchage et les sites. La meilleure performance du rabotage fut obtenue avec un angle d'attaque de 20° et une onde d'usinage de 1,1 mm. Cette qualité pourrait être encore meilleure en utilisant un angle de 17,5° et une onde d'usinage plus courte. Le séchage conventionnel a eu des effets plus positifs sur la qualité de rabotage que les séchages à température élevée et à haute température. Le ponçage avec un papier fin de 180 grains s'est avéré le meilleur. Le comportement au tournage fut meilleur à une teneur en humidité du bois de 12% comparativement à 8%. Pour le défonçage, le travail en avalant a produit des surfaces plus lisses et de meilleure qualité par rapport à celles obtenues par le travail en opposition. Trois clones ont été identifiés comme étant plus performants pour l'usinage. En général, les bois plus denses ont montré une meilleure performance à l'usinage que les bois légers. Cependant, les corrélations entre la densité du bois et les propriétés d'usinage furent faibles. Bien qu'une sélection orientée selon un critère de densité puisse améliorer indirectement le comportement à l'usinage, l'évaluation directe des propriétés d'usinage est conseillée. Finalement, des effets mineurs des sites et des procédés de séchage ont été observés pour quelques conditions particulières d'usinage et ont par ce fait été considérés négligeables.
Xu, Bin. "EFFECTS OF NITROGEN DEPOSITION ON BOREAL BOGS: A THREE YEAR NITROGEN FERTILIZATION AND TRACER EXPERIMENT". OpenSIUC, 2011. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/dissertations/413.
Testo completoLihra, Torsten. "La personnalisation de masse pour l'industrie du meuble en bois". Doctoral thesis, Québec : Université Laval, 2009. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2009/26203/26203.pdf.
Testo completoWeber-Keller, Marianne. "Die Gerätebezeichnungen der holzverarbeitenden Handwerke mit besonderer Berücksichtigung der bairischen Werkzeugnamen in der Gegend von Rosenheim /". München : Tuduv-Verlagsgesellschaft, 1990. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb35711680v.
Testo completoToussaint, Pascal. "Application et modélisation du principe de la précontrainte sur des assemblages de structure bois". Thesis, Nancy 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010NAN10014/document.
Testo completoIn a pre-stressed fastener, forces are transmitted between two elements by friction which is made possible by the application of transversal compression forces. The aim of this work was to apply this principle to timber fasteners. Thanks to former results, a preliminary experimental study was done on stubbles of bamboo. This “grass” has a higher transversal compression resistance than wood. In order to transpose the principle of pre-stress from bamboo to timber, it was necessary to increase the compression resistance of timber. The idea proposed here is the densification of wood by localised cold compression beyond its elastic limit. Picea abies was characterized in transversal compression beyond its elastic limit. This analysis gave stress-strain curves which depend on the density of the wood. The influence of the densification on the resistance in longitudinal tension was also measured. This resistance is constant and then it decreases rapidly from a critical densification rate function of the density of the wood. The pre-stress of the tested timber and bamboo fasteners was modelled by a finite elements model. The anisotropy of the materials was taken into account by the superposition of a crushable foam model (non linear behaviour in transversal direction) and beams (longitudinal direction). This structural mesoscopic model allowed simulating the densification, the loading and unloading of the fasteners until their failure which lead to an optimization of the connectors
Roque, Ugulino De Oliveira Bruna. "Effets des procédés d'usinage de finition sur les propriétés de surface, la performance d'un vernis et l'émission de poussières du bois de chêne rouge". Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/27028.
Testo completoCoating performance on wood could be affected for different aspects including the manner in which the surface is prepared. Sanding is often used to prepare wood surfaces prior to finishing. However, this process can generate large amount of wood dust. Thus, the effects of machining processes on surface properties, coating performance and dust emission were investigated in an attempt to determine the most appropriate methods for surface preparation of red oak wood. In a first part of this project, surface properties and coating performance were evaluated on machined surfaces obtained by sanding, peripheral and helical planing as well as oblique cutting. Surface quality was assessed through roughness, scanning electron micrographs and wettability analyses. The performance of a solvent-borne coating was measured by adhesion strength before and after an accelerated aging. The results showed that sanding induced high surface roughness and fibrillation level as well as high wettability and pull-off strength after aging than other processes. Peripheral planing samples showed a certain cell-wall fibrillation, and intermediate surface roughness and wetting properties. Helical planing samples presented intermediate surface roughness. On the other hand, oblique cutting showed similar loss in adhesion to sanding. This process generated smooth surfaces with intermediate roughness and wettability. Based on the results, sanding with a single stage program P100-grit at 7 m/min feed speed, peripheral planing with a rake angle of 25° and a wavelength of 1.0 mm, helical planing with a wavelength of 1.0 mm, and oblique cutting with an oblique angle of 15° were the best machining conditions for each process. In a second part of the study, the effect of cutting parameters on dust emission and surface roughness was studied during the helical planing of red oak wood. Results showed that dust emission decreased significantly when lower cutting depth and higher average chip thickness was used. However, samples cut at the highest average chip thickness showed higher values of surface roughness. This implies that if a smoother surface is required, an intermediate feed speed should be used in order to decrease surface roughness without exposing woodworker to high levels of wood dust. Moreover, dust emission for each particle size fraction can be estimate through the models developed as a function of average chip thickness and cutting depth.
Khazaeian, Abolghasem. "Caractérisation 3D de l'état de surface du bois : stratégie de mesure, influence des paramètres liés à l'essence et à l'usinage". Paris, ENGREF, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006ENGRA009.
Testo completoSchwint, Didier. "Le savoir artisan : l'efficacité de la mètis /". Paris ; Budapest ; Torino : l'Harmattan, 2002. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb38900919x.
Testo completoKibamba, Jean-Christian. "Les effets des activités de la filière bois sur le milieu naturel : perception des problèmes dans les entreprises lorraines du bois". Nancy 2, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997NAN21020.
Testo completoThe industrial transformation generates pollution and nuisances. Like all industries, wood industry generates during its various stages of the manufacturing and of the treatment of wood material, different kinds of polluting agents which spread through the nature in differents states : as a solid (different discards), as liquid (chemical products having the polluting agents) as a gaz (any gaz more or less dangerous. The wood industry is also face the increasing of the contestations from people living not for from its installations and chiefly from public opinion. Norvadays, many rules are required to its various installations; others will be applied on the products deriving from the wood industry, which must respect some ecological criteria exacted by various regulations which tend to control industrial activity and the necessity to protect the environment. To understand very well the risks of pollution generated by the wood industry in the environment, and also to know the attitude of the industrialists facing these problems, an requiry in the industrial middle allows us to knom the state of the industrial plants and the reason of the main problems of environment or the problem capable to be faced in different sectors of the wood industry. The importance of the nuisances depends very often on the size of the enterprises and on theirs production process. What is worth saying is that in Lorraine, the pollution caused by wood industry is weak. This is due by the dispersion of the industrial installations, the slight use of chemical products, the adaptation and the progressive modernization of the industrial tissue. Yes, somme problems still exist. They concern chiefly noise, the using of discards produced by chemical products and the best control of the installation of wood combustion
Gauvent, Marc. "Optimisation de la durée de vie d'un outil de coupe pour l'industrie du bois : analyse et compréhension des modes d'usure : mise au point de solutions innovantes avec tests industriels". Nancy 1, 2006. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/prive/SCD_T_2006_0215_GAUVENT.pdf.
Testo completoFor each kind of production, the tool's wear can make important consequences on her. Wear is a common subject through the industry, and this phenomenon mastering always makes an advancement for entreprises who are interested in. This work deals with the wear phenomenon decomposition between different processable studies in order to permit a study and a global comprehension of this complex phenomenon. That's why we decided to separate the general cutting hedge general wear in wood industry second transformation between two parts : corrosion and abrasion. According to the wood material and his cutting specificities, the corrosion study was made by an electrochemistry test adaptation whereas the abrasion one needed the creation of a specific testing stand : TEEMO. To complete this study, we carried out experiments on generated temperature during the machining process. Through all this project, the results validates the departure theories i. E. Corrosion and abrasion have interaction to generate the cutting hedge global wear. With the sights of this work, the chemical composition of the cutting material is a factor as important as the material mechanic properties against the wear
Girardon, Stéphane. "Amélioration des performances mécaniques des assemblages bois sur bois vissés par préparation des interfaces : application à la réalisation d'éléments de structure". Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LORR0188/document.
Testo completoPlank bonding connection is used to produce efficient structural timber. The bonding achieves excellent rigidity and connection resistance. However, these products are often pollutants and are incompatible with industrial production rates due to the pressing time. Their performances collapse when the adhesive connection is replaced by rodlike fasteners, such as nails, screws or wooden dowels, but these connections allow a quick assembly. In these assemblies the contact surfaces between planks are not used for transmitting loads. The purpose of this study is to point out how mechanical preparation of the interfaces improves the performance of timber connections. The aim is to produce structural members without volatile organic compounds (VOC), achievable by an industrial robot allowing for flexibility, and using mixed wood local species. The first part of this study consists in identifying and analyzing reconstituted wood systems, as well as showing how to conduct a design by taking into account the partial composite action of connectors. This part explains that the chosen behavior of the mechanical connections in reconstituted systems is frequently very imprecise and leads to significant differences in design. The second part describes a methodology to overcome this lack, developed from the nonlinear modeling of a beamtype component. This approach leads to determine the fastener's secant stiffness for an exact linear calculation for engineers. The outcome of this methodology is the quantification of the fastener's secant stiffness by a related behavior rather than a general normative behavior. Due to the flexibility of members, a third part presents a reflection on the use of the contact surfaces for transmitting loads. The plank interfaces were machined in order to obtain grooves. This binding allows the transmission of shear and torsion forces in the intersection plane of the planks. Maintaining the contact is managed by the development of a wooden conical screw. To validate these principles, test campaigns were carried out to measure the performance of the groove, the wooden conical screw and their simultaneous use. The last section deals with the implementation of the improved assembly in structural members in order to confirm its potential. The first element type is a castellated beams and the second one is a bracing wall. Experimental results are compared with numerical models including the nonlinear grooved screwed connection behavior. Furthermore, these full scale elements validate the feasibility by an industrial robot
Troshani, Zhakin. "Développement d'un standard de couleur pour l'appariement du bois dans l'industrie du meuble". Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/21361.
Testo completoDenaud, Louis Etienne. "Analyses vibratoires et acoustiques du déroulage". Phd thesis, Paris, ENSAM, 2006. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00002380.
Testo completoBouattour, Mohamed Triboulot Pascal. "Assistance à la conception coopérative fondée sur la sémantique des ouvrages application au domaine du bois /". Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy : INPL, 2005. http://www.scd.inpl-nancy.fr/theses/2005_BOUATTOUR_M_1.pdf.
Testo completoMols, Stephanus Theodorus Adrianus Maria. "Wooden furniture in Herculaneum : form, technique and function /". Amsterdam : J. C. Gieben, 1999. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb38920541d.
Testo completoHajj, Fadi. "Utilisation des isotopes stables et radiogéniques du strontium pour tracer la provenance des bois : application à des épaves sous-marines". Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LORR0334.
Testo completoIn the Early Modern Age (16th - 18th centuries), the construction of ocean-going ships was paramount to the development of cultural encounters in what became the Age of Discovery and European expansion. Spain was one of the biggest forces of that time. The European project “ForSEAdiscovery” seeks answers in this context to the following key questions: Could Spanish forest resources sustain the increasing demand of timber, or were the wood imported from elsewhere? If Spanish forests were not the only wood supplier, how were the trade networks organized? This project will address these questions through a multidisciplinary and innovative training research program to improve the understanding of our historical past, our cultural heritage, and our knowledge of the use of resources for shipbuilding. The objective of this PhD thesis, taking part of this project, is to identify the provenance of the Iberian shipbuilding wood using geochemical tracers. The hypothesis is that trees growing on contrasted rocks and soils have specific geochemical signatures, which can be an indicator of geographic provenance. In this context, the Sr isotopic signature (87Sr/86Sr) was characterized in shipwreck wood samples and wood from living trees, soils and rocks collected from the Spanish forest stands indicated as potential source of wood between the 16th - 18th centuries. The δ88/86Sr signatures were also characterized in the samples. The rock types and ages were characterized at the selected sites and the link between the 87Sr/86Sr and δ88/86Sr in rocks, soils and trees was studied on the sampled Spanish sites. The local signature of Spanish potential sites was determined for provenance of wood. Our results indicate that 87Sr/86Sr isotope ratios in trees reflect the signature of the corresponding soil exchangeable pool while δ88/86Sr was shown to be affected by mass-dependent fractionation with trees taking up lighter (86Sr) isotopes, leaving the soil exchangeable pool enriched with the heavier isotopes (88Sr). This fractionation observed for oak trees, was not found in pines suggesting that the isotopic fractionation during tree uptake is species dependent. The contamination of wood from shipwrecks by seawater elements was identified. Marine Sr was found to be adsorbed on the wood or included in the precipitated minerals in the waterlogged wood. Several extraction experiments were tested and an adapted protocol was developed to extract the seawater elements and retrieve the original signature of the archaeological wood. We succeeded to validate an extraction protocol and retrieve the original signature of one wood sample. This result underline the potential and importance of a new method combining 87Sr/86Sr and δ88/86Sr values for future provenance studies on wood or other materials. However, our results also indicated that most of our shipwreck wood samples did not conserve their original Sr. Therefore, preconizations were suggested in order to extend the use of this tracer in future provenance studies on archaeological wood from shipwrecks
Le, Net Elisabeth. "La transformation du système productif russe depuis la Perestroi͏̈ka : le cas du complexe forêt-bois". Nantes, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000NANT4004.
Testo completoSince 1992, Russia has supposedly experimented a transition that is to say a shift from a planned economy to a market economy. There was agreement among economists on the reforms to undertake (macroeconomics stabilisation and privatisation) ; the open debate concerned only the pace and the sequencing of reforms. Those approaches offered in fact a limited analysis of the productive system included in a deterministic vision of the changes and in a perspective of a break-up. We propose through a study of the forest-wood sector, a re-reading of measures taken in Russia by using the traditionnal outline of the Industrial Economics. Our aim is to draw the theoretical bases of the transition, the levels of measures and their limits. We offer another analysis in order to investigate the transformation of a productive sub-system, in this case the forest-wood Complex. It comes out that the path way of the forest-wood Complex is rather specific due to wew actors (financial industrial groups, new Russian elite, ministerial spin-offs, associations, etc. ) who keep up unstable networks and react to reforms. This pathway contrasts with those analyzed by studies on other natural resources in the Russian Federation. We conclude that Russa is going neither towards a sustainable forest management, nor that it can get a major position on the world wood market
Martin, Patrick. "Etude du comportement des poutres lamellées clouées boulonnées en flexion". Phd thesis, ENGREF (AgroParisTech), 2006. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00003306.
Testo completoPinta, François. "Développement méthodologique pour la valorisation bois d'oeuvre d'une ressource forestière donnée : développement d'un outil d'aide à la décision et étude de cas au Cameroun". Nancy 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001NAN10175.
Testo completoPrieur, Anne. "Les ressources forestières : produits du bois, usages énergétiques, capture et stockage du carbone". Bordeaux 1, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004BOR12871.
Testo completoAyari, Oussama. "Caractérisation des usinages robotisés : Application aux processus de transformation du matériau bois". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LORR0080.
Testo completoNowadays, the robotization of wood machining remains a complicated and uncommon task. This is also due to the significant constraints to which the use of an industrial robot (also known as anthropomorphic or polyarticulated) is subject. These particularly concern operations that require a high degree of precision and agility. Indeed, the forces exerted on the robot's articulations and on the tooling come up against the insufficient natural rigidity of polyarticulated robots. This causes the machine to lose its performance in terms of output and efficiency and degrades the quality of machining. In addition, the variable properties of the wood material do not make the polyarticulated robot the ideal candidate for material removal machining processes. In order to answer this problem, we seek, through this thesis, to improve the machining of robotized wood by taking into account the major technological difficulties: natural rigidity, dimensional quality of machining and cutting forces and interaction between them. Thus the difficulties related to the wood anatomy: Heterogeneity, anisotropy, fibrous texture and singularities. To solve this problem we used a numerically controlled (CNC) machine tool and an anthropomorphic ®Kuka robot equipped with a high-speed machining engine. We instrumented our experimental bench with a force measuring chain and a digital measuring table to quantify the dimensional errors of the machined profiles. Three wood materials are machined: Hardwood (Beech), softwood (Fir) and derived timber (MDF). The results obtained show that there is a direct proportional relationship between cutting forces and degradation of dimensional quality, regardless of the machine used. The higher the forces applied to remove the material, the more the tracking performance of the end effector decreases. In terms of system stability, measurements have shown that the farther the tool works from the robot base, the more the cutting forces fluctuate and the more the dimensional quality deteriorates. This becomes more pronounced when material heterogeneity and density are high. As a result, the robot is less stable and its performance in terms of repeatability in series production degrades. Fluctuations in stress and degradation of dimensional quality are intensified by changing the cutting mode. Cutting forces increase by a factor of 8 when the tool works perpendicular to the wood grain.The case of material-related peculiarities is discussed. Indeed, measurements show a rapid and sudden jump in forces which multiplies by 3 when the cutting edge passes through a knot. This leads to splinters and cracks in the material and degrades the orthogonality of the cut. The variation of the robot feed rates from 4m/min to 9m/min in beech machining resulted in damage to the machined surface in the form of material ripples and splinters due to deviations in the tool path. The same experiments on the variation of the robot feed rates are carried out on other species such as larch (softwood) and oak (hardwood) to study the machining quality. The results found are similar to those obtained previously (material splinters, tool path deviations and cracks)
Cadieux, Pierre. "Sociétaire gouvernemental dominant et adaptation stratégique : le cas de l'industrie du bois de sciage au Québec". Aix-Marseille 3, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990AIX32038.
Testo completoThe vision of the firm has been modified over the years to include an increasing number of stakeholders. This new vision has allowed us to observe the fact that the government was the most influential stakeholder due to the means at its disposal to influence the rule of the game. This study shows that in the presence of a domineering governmental stakeholder the firm has developed economic, social and political strategies
Bouattour, Mohamed. "Assistance à la conception coopérative fondée sur la sémantique des ouvrages : application au domaine du bois". Phd thesis, Institut National Polytechnique de Lorraine - INPL, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00086596.
Testo completodomaine du bâtiment résulte de la complexité même du travail coopératif (difficultés de
traçabilité des actions, non-disposition sur chaque document de l'ensemble des
informations requises pour accomplir une tâche donnée, problèmes de coordination,
‘discontinuité' des données, etc.). En considérant cet état de fait, nous proposons une étude
des activités liées au travail de groupe dans le cadre de projets de conception de bâtiments,
et plus spécifiquement dans le domaine du bois qui nécessite une importante coopération
entre les concepteurs. Cette étude présente ensuite le concept de projet numérique déduit de
l'analyse du modèle des IFC ‘Industry Foundation Classes' et de l'approche de coopération
basée sur l'utilisation de la maquette numérique dans les secteurs de l'industrie automobile
et aéronautique. En effet, l'échange des données basé sur l'utilisation des objets
interopérables constitue une approche nouvelle à approfondir dans le domaine du bâtiment.
Ainsi, afin de concevoir un environnement virtuel coopératif regroupant ces notions
étudiées, nous proposons un modèle tenant compte des informations sémantiques relatives
aux ouvrages échangés par les acteurs. Nous avons mis en œuvre celui-ci dans une
interface d'un système coopératif. Cet outil prototype offre une représentation graphique
d'un contexte coopératif de projet favorisant l'organisation et le regroupement des
informations nécessaires à la conception de bâtiments.
Massu, Justine. "Thinking outside the boss : understanding managers' engagement in creative actions". Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017USPCB208/document.
Testo completoIn 2010, 1,500 Chief Executive Officers identified managers' creativity as the most crucial factor for future organizational success. However, managers' engagement in creative actions is constantly competing with routine behaviors that imply less risk taking, uncertainty and possibility of failure. This dissertation explores three potential avenues to understand managers' decisions to engage in creative actions. The first one focuses on managers' conceptions of creativity and innovation as antecedents of their own creative behaviors and their evaluation of creative managers and managerial practices. The second avenue examines how creative actions result from a decision-making process that evaluates the relevance of creativity in specific situations and takes into account individual predispositions and organizational characteristics. The third avenue investigates the extent to which a fit or misfit between managers and their organizations can trigger creative behaviors. This research reaffirms the relevance of the multivariate and interactionnist approaches to organizational creativity. It highlights also the importance of considering managers' evaluation of the appropriateness and effectiveness of specific creative actions in specific situations. Finally, most research tends to conceive that managerial creativity emerges from positive and encouraging circumstances. In contrast, the present research highlights that managerial creativity can emerge as a response to situations of misfit and dissatisfaction
Cheval, Alexandre. "Artisanat du bois et mobilier domestique à Nîmes au XVIIe siècle". Montpellier 3, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004MON30057.
Testo completoThe universities works about regional domestic furniture are rares. It exists a few general books about the production of the furniture of " daily ", but they finish to add some errors they will of be renew of many subsequent editions. We have realized a typology of the different furnitures of the regional houses. The Archives Départementales du Gard own around 1600 inventories after death (Nîmes, Beaucaire and Aigues-Mortes). We find like this some engraving collections realized by Martin de Vos, Callot, Firens, Bosse, Van Opstal, Cort, Testa, Daret, Perrier or the Sadeler, Collaert, Galle and Audran families. We demonstrate it didn't exist any difference in the decorative choices between the prostant and catholic houses. Later, we carry out the different standarts of living of this artisans and the different deals to understand their activity. This work comprises too a dictionary of the woodartisans listed
Vidal, Bastías Marcia. "Modélisation du pressage à chaud des panneaux de fibres de bois (MDF) par la méthode des éléments finis". Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/18667.
Testo completoThis study describes a mathematical-physical model to predict temperature, gas pressure and moisture content during MDF hot pressing in batch and continuous processes. The final system is composed of three differential equations: gas conservation, water vapor conservation and energy conservation. This model introduced the moisture diffusion term which was not considered in the basis model. The system of equations was solved by the finite element method using the MEF++ software developed by the GIREF at Laval University. The boundary conditions used during simulation are of the Neumann or Dirichlet type depending on the process considered. In order to validate the numerical results in 2-D and 3-D, we compared them with experimental data obtained from the batch process in the pressing laboratory and from the continuous process in an industry. For this purpose, MDF panels of black spruce (Picea mariana (Mill.) BPS) were manufactured and temperature measurements made using thermocouples on the surface and the center of the mat. The gas pressure was also measured using a pressure probe located inside the mat. Moreover, in order to evaluate moisture content, seven sorption models were extrapolated and compared with experimental values from the literature. The Malmquist model gives the best correspondence for the relative humidities considered and was therefore used. The numerical results indicate that the predicted temperature, moisture content and gas pressure are in agreement with experimental results for the two processes considered without using an adjustment factor. We concluded that the mathematical-physical model and the finite element method have a great potential to solve this type of problem to control the quality of panels and the losses during manufacturing. It is strongly recommended to look further into research on the values of the physical parameters involved in this process.
Steelandt, Stéphanie. "Disponibilité et exploitation des ressources ligneuses par les paléoesquimaux et Inuit sur la côte ouest du Nunavik (Québec, Canada)". Thesis, Rennes 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014REN1S127/document.
Testo completoThis study presents the characteristics of modern and archaeological wood resources found on the west coast of Nunavik and documents their collection, use and origin. The study of 1573 driftwood samples from beaches around Ivujivik, Akulivik, Inukjuak and Umiujaq reveals that these woods were fewer, smaller sizes and more degraded in more northern areas. Eight taxa were identified under a microscope. Spruce was the most abundant taxon, followed by willow, larch, poplar and alder. White cedar, white birch and balsam fir were also present but extremely rare. The composition of the 293 woods, 550 charcoals and 11 wooden artifacts from 11 archaeological sites in the four study areas was not different. However, charcoals of red pine and chestnut, imported, were found at an archeological site in Ivujivik. In addition, many local ericaceous charcoals and an oak sample were found at the archaeological sites around Umiujaq. The presence of white cedar and white birch in both modern and archaeological wood samples indicated that the wood originated to the south and southeast of James Bay. This conclusion is also supported by the comparative studies and cross-dating of the average growth rings. Interviews with 27 elders from the four villages showed that wood vocabulary was more diversified in the southern villages. Shrubs were cut in autumn and used for making mattresses or fire. The larger driftwood pieces were primarily used for the construction of boats, kayaks or sleds. In Ivujivik, driftwood samples were mainly collected in summer by boat around the islands. Further south, the large wood pieces were collected or cut in winter and carried by dogsled. Finally, experiments we performed to chemically differentiate driftwood from cut wood in order to help to deduce the collection method of the large archaeological wood specimens, showed a stronger enrichment in sodium in the submerged woods. Principal component analyses (PCA), based on the relative concentrations of cations, show that the immersed and dry samples can be separated in two groups. The complementarity of these xylological, anthracological, radiometric, dendrochronological, social and chemical studies on wood resources in Nunavik provides unprecedented knowledge on this essential raw material in the daily life for the Inuit and their ancestors
Saleem, Rashdan Raees Natiq Haseeb. "A Multi-agent player for Settlers of Catan". Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Avdelningen för programvarusystem, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-3209.
Testo completoChabrier, Patrick. "Amélioration de la qualité et du rendement matière des sciages : cas des scies circulaires". Nancy 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997NAN10056.
Testo completoFor many years, circular saws are more and more used in sawmills. Production imperatives, evolution of customer needs, technology progresses, make the sawmillers choose more and more often circular saws for rip sawing, though kerf losses in this case are higher than for bandsaw blades. So as to increase lumber yield, researches have been made in reducing kerf losses by decreasing saw body. Width, which affects its rigidity, thus its stability. But circular saw vibrations are known to be the worst phenomenon during cutting. So we aim to find the best compromise between problems involved by kerf, saw stability, lumber yield improvement and sawing accuracy. First, we have studied research works made on static and dynamic behaviour, during idling or cutting, of circular saws. Thus, we have been able to identify the main parameters affecting saw stability, centrifugai forces, residual stresses from tensioning, blade temperature and lateral cutting forces. Then, we have introduced these parameters in a finite element analysis so as to compute the bending deflexion of circular saw. Finally, we have developed an experimental device, based on sorne units of an industrial edger, so as to validate this numerical work and face the industrial demand. Thus, in collaboration with a cutting tools manufacturer, we have been able to research the best conditions to prepare circular saws for a cutting process
Jeudy, Adeline. "Le mobilier liturgique en bois au Moyen Âge : interactions et identité de la communauté copte du Xe au XIVe siècle". Paris 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA010696.
Testo completoSchwint, Didier. "Le savoir artisan de fabrication et le modèle de la mètis : exemple des tourneurs et tabletiers sur bois du Jura". Poitiers, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999POIT5001.
Testo completoHabiyakaré, Thaddée. "De "L'assomoir"aux "Bouts de bois de Dieu" : le monde du travail vu par Émile Zola et Sembène Ousmane". Toulouse 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999TOU20121.
Testo completoThe familiar reader of Zola's and Sembène's novels has at least felt the echoes of Germinal in Les Bouts de bois de Dieu, two emblematic works of the two writers. Although separated in the time and backgrounds, Zola and Sembène, nevertheless, share a sensibility towards the worker's world. The intention of this thesis consists in proving, among other points of analysis, that beyond thematic and ideological similarities that are generally testified or surreptitiously evoked by critics, the two author's novels show disturbing affinities on the aesthetic level as well. Although deep-rooted in African land, the fictional work of Sembène heavily draws inspiration – like a number of novels of this young African literature during the rich decade 50/60 – from the Realist style of the 19th century. Being masters of "mimetic writing" and eager to portray as honestly as possible the worker's condition, both writers rely on a rich and varied mine of resources such as narration, description, impressionist and mythic images, the onomastic, lexical or stylistic features, sociological, historical and geographical facts which are necessary for the famous "realist anchorage", etc… Each in his manner and in often variables proportions, the two writers, more or less successfully, tries to shape his palette according to the motif to be depicted. Revolutionary writing for a revolutionary Topic? Nothing is unsurer than this. The outcome of this "alchemist" literary experimentation is balanced. Despite great efforts, Zola and Sembène do not escape classical conformism at all. One finds in their works rhetorical devices inherited from the fictional tradition alternating with some literary daring. This dissertation aims at exploring the whole of the aesthetic tools in order to highlight the game of intertextual relations which rules the fiction built up by both novelists and, lastly, to prove that the underlying meaning of their novels resides namely in the utopic dream of a socialist humanism: this new ideology meant not to solve the social problem which has been the Zola's permanent preoccupation. Could this essay meet the challenge of contributing in the dialogue of cultures, to enrich the debate and above all, to shed more light on to the dark paths of a field worth exploring?
Gardan, Julien. "Application à l'usage d'un dérivé du bois en prototypage rapide pour l'émergence de produits "grand public"". Troyes, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011TROY0002.
Testo completoWood has several advantages that are transferable to various derivatives allowing the introduction of a sustainable material into the product lifecycle. The research study associates the specific needs of the “general public” in the rapid manufacture of wooden-made custom products. Part 1 defines the user and their perceptions of a product. We also guided the literature searches to eco-design in order to reach environmental issues. Part 2 presents design approaches for manufacturing. We have seen the various processes existing in rapid prototyping. In part 3, we proposed complementary dual design and manufacturing approaches. On the one hand that concerns the translation of users’ needs through an Internet tool CRE-AFAB, and on the other hand that proposes the manufacture of a wood reconstituted object by rapid prototyping. Part 4 presents the CREAFAB tool and the different steps to translation customers’ needs. In part 5, we present the applications of rapid prototyping in integrating a wood derivative. The research results then lead to new applications of additive manufacturing. The research study is proposed by ARDUINNOVA Company (France) and is associated with the ICD-LASMIS team of University of Technology of Troyes to frame scientific research presented in this thesis in the executive of a CIFRE scholarship
Purba, Citra Yanto Ciki. "Characterization and valorization of secondary quality hardwood as structural material". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris, AgroParisTech, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019AGPT0002.
Testo completoTo improve the value of secondary quality hardwood, it is important to understand its wood properties and optimize its mechanical properties. The variability of some structural, physical and mechanical properties of wood from beech and oak trees issued from thinning was studied. Logs from these trees were rotary peeled in three different veneer thicknesses (2.1, 3, and 4.2 mm). Veneer quality was assessed by measuring the veneer knot proportion and checking properties. The mechanical properties of LVL (laminated veneer lumber) made from these veneers were measured using the static and dynamic method. Juvenile wood in both species is concentrated in a very small area near the pith thus there will be no or low part juvenile wood peeled. The wood mechanical and physical properties of both species were strongly influenced by the wood density. The 3 mm thick veneer provided the optimal mechanical properties for LVL for both species. Such mechanical properties are comparable to LVL made with other hardwood species. The internal veneer provided LVL with higher density, but lower mechanical properties as a result of its higher proportion of knots
Moisan, Thierry. "Minimisation des perturbations et parallélisation pour la planification et l'ordonnancement". Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/26631.
Testo completoWe study in this thesis two approaches that reduce the processing time needed to solve planning and ordering problems in a constraint programming context. We experiment with multiple thousands of processors on the planning and scheduling problem of wood-finish operations. These issues are of a great importance for businesses, because they can better manage their production and save costs related to their operations. The first approach consists in a parallelization of the problem solving algorithm. We propose a new parallelization technique (named PDS) of the search strategies, that reaches four goals: conservation of the nodes visit order in the search tree as defined by the sequential algorithm, balancing of the workload between the processors, robustness against hardware failures, and absence of communication between processors during the treatment. We apply this technique to parallelize the Limited Discrepancy-based (LDS) search strategy to obtain Parallel Limited Discrepancy-Based Search (PLDS). We then show that this technique can be generalized by parallelizing two other search strategies: Depth-Bounded discrepancy Search (DDS) and Depth-First Search (DFS). We obtain, respectively, Parallel Discrepancy-based Search (PDDS) and Parallel Depth-First Search (PDFS). The algorithms obtained this way create an intrinsic workload balance: the imbalance of the workload among the processors is bounded when a branch of the search tree is pruned. By using datasets coming from industrial partners, we are able to improve the best known solutions. With the second approach, we elaborated a method to minimize the changes done to an existing production plan when new information, such as additional orders, are taken into account. Completely re-planning the production activities can lead to a very different production plan which create additional costs and loss of time for businesses. We study the perturbations caused by the re-planification with three distance metrics: Hamming distance, Edit distance, and Damerau-Levenshtein Distance. We propose three mathematical models that allow to minimize these perturbations by including these metrics in the objective function when replanning. We apply this approach to the planning and scheduling problem of wood-finish operations and we demonstrate that this approach outperforms the use of the original model.
Cid, Yáñez Fabian. "Évaluation des stratégies à flux tiré et flux poussé dans la production de bois d'œuvre : une approche basée sur des agents". Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/21286.
Testo completoThe objective of this study is the evaluation of pull and push strategies in lumber production planning using a Quebec sawmill as case study. An Advanced Planning and Scheduling System (APS), based on a distributed software architecture, simulates the main operations planning and production processes of the sawmill (sourcing, sawing, drying, finishing, warehousing and delivery) representing them as autonomous software agents. Push and pull strategies are simulated using different penetration positions of the demand information decoupling point over the value chain. To set experiments, configurations are defined by two controllable factors, namely: the decoupling point position and the level of contracts for a product family. Following, a set of scenarios are generated by two uncontrollable factors: the quality of supply and market prices differential for products under contracts. These configurations and scenarios leads to a mixed levels experimental design with fifty four runs. Three performance indicators: orders fill rate, work in process, and potential monetary throughput; are calculated for every one of the 54 production plans generated by the APS. Results show a direct relation between the orders fill rate and the position of the decoupling point, pull strategy, for the three levels of demand on products under contract. Accordingly, at every demand level, production plans under pull strategies generate improvements of 100% compared with equivalent plans under push strategy. This service level performance improvement has a financial cost of about 7% of the Potential Monetary Throughput which should be compensated externally with better contract conditions and internally by lower costs of inventory management. This trade-off seems to be a direct consequence of the divergent nature of lumber production. Consequently, in a business context that privileges service quality and where customers are willing to pay for it, the use of this kind of demand driven strategies in production planning represents a source of competitive advantage.
Astier, Cédric. "Adsorption des éléments traces métalliques par les écorces forestières, un co-produit de la filière bois : optimisation des propriétés par modifications induites par voies chimique et biologique". Limoges, 2010. https://aurore.unilim.fr/theses/nxfile/default/6c4def90-502d-49dc-a1a3-0f0b2562fbc8/blobholder:0/2010LIMO4037.pdf.
Testo completoDouglas fir barks have been used as biosorbent. We conducted equilibrium studies of heavy metal ion adsorption by crude bark; the results, interpreted as Langmuir isotherms led to maximum adsorption capacities (qmax) of 0. 242 and 0. 199 J meq. G-1 and affinities (b) of 4. 8 and 2. 6 L. Meq-1 for PbII and CdII respectively. Then, barks were chemically modified by controlled oxidations or covalent grafting after reductive amination in the presence of homogalacturonan and iotacarraghenan hydrolysates. These modifications induced significant changes in both qmax and b which were explained according to the HSAB theory. Finally, barks were biologically modified by growing Douglas fir in greenhouse on a cadmium-contaminated soil. We showed that the presence of this pollutant induced significant changes in the chemical composition of bark which suffered decreases in adsorption capacities for PbII and CdII