Bibliografie tematiche / Bovine tuberculosis

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Letteratura scientifica selezionata sul tema "Bovine tuberculosis"

Autore: Grafiati
Pubblicato: 4 giugno 2021
Ultima modifica: 29 luglio 2024

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Articoli di riviste sul tema "Bovine tuberculosis"

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Willgert, Katriina, Susie da Silva, Ruoran Li, Premanshu Dandapat, Maroudam Veerasami, Hindol Maity, Mohan Papanna et al. "Is bovine density and ownership associated with human tuberculosis in India?" PLOS ONE 18, n. 3 (22 marzo 2023): e0283357. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0283357.

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Abstract (sommario):
Zoonotic tuberculosis in humans is caused by infection with bacteria of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex acquired from animals, most commonly cattle. India has the highest burden of human tuberculosis in the world and any zoonotic risk posed by tuberculosis in bovines needs to be managed at the source of infection as a part of efforts to end human tuberculosis. Zoonotic tuberculosis in humans can be severe and is clinically indistinguishable from non-zoonotic tuberculosis. As a consequence, zoonotic tuberculosis remains under-recognised and the significance of its contribution to human tuberculosis is poorly understood. This study aimed to explore any association between bovine density, bovine ownership, and human tuberculosis reporting in India using self-reported tuberculosis data in households and officially reported tuberculosis cases while controlling for common confounders for human tuberculosis. We find an association between human tuberculosis reporting, bovine density and bovine ownership in India. Buffalo density was significantly associated with an increased risk of self-reported tuberculosis in households (odds ratio (OR) = 1.23 (95% credible interval (CI): 1.10–1.39) at household level; incidence rate ratio (IRR) = 1.17 (95% CI: 1.04–1.33) at district level), while cattle density (OR = 0.80, 95% CI: 0.71–0.89; IRR = 0.78, 95% CI: 0.70–0.87) and ownership of bovines in households (OR = 0.94, 95% CI: 0.9–0.99; IRR = 0.67, 95% CI: 0.57–0.79) had a protective association with tuberculosis reporting. It is unclear whether this relates to differences in tuberculosis transmission dynamics, or perhaps an association between bovines and other unexplored confounders for tuberculosis reporting in humans. Our study highlights a need for structured surveillance to estimate the prevalence of tuberculosis in cattle and buffaloes, characterisation of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex species present in bovines and transmission analyses at the human-animal interface to better assess the burden and risk pathways of zoonotic tuberculosis in India.
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Pandey, G., S. Dhakal, A. Sadaula, G. KC, S. Subedi, KR Pandey e IP Dhakal. "Status of tuberculosis in bovine animals raised by tuberculosis infected patients in Western Chitwan, Nepal". International Journal of Infection and Microbiology 1, n. 2 (20 gennaio 2013): 49–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ijim.v1i2.7407.

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INTRODUCTION: Bovine tuberculosis (bTB) is an important public health concern worldwide. This study was conducted to determine the status of bTB in animals raised by tuberculosis patients in Western Chitwan, Nepal. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted from August, 2011 to January, 2012. A total of 100 bovines (cattle and buffalo) raised in 60 farms of tuberculosis patients were tested with single intradermal tuberculin test considering various animal factors. Well designed questionnaire survey was taken with 70 tuberculosis patients of same 60 families focusing knowledge, awareness and various practices related to bovine tuberculosis. RESULTS: Overall 15% bovines were positive for tuberculosis (13.6% cattle and 15.4% buffaloes). Age of animal was significantly associated with tuberculosis (p<0.05) while sex and species were not. 24% tuberculosis patients had raw milk consuming habit while very few of them (9%) were aware of zoonotic aspect of bovine tuberculosis. CONCLUSIONS: There is high chance of tuberculosis transmission form animals to humans or vice versa. Further detailed study is needed in large scale with stronger intersectoral collaboration of medical and veterinary health sector to determine the scale of problem and find out prevention and control strategies against zoonotic tuberculosis. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ijim.v1i2.7407 Int J Infect Microbiol 2012;1(1):49-53
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Ejeh, E. F., M. A. Raji, M. Bello, F. A. Lawan, M. I. Francis, A. C. Kudi e S. I. B. Cadmus. "Prevalence and Direct Economic Losses from Bovine Tuberculosis in Makurdi, Nigeria". Veterinary Medicine International 2014 (2014): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/904861.

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A retrospective study was conducted to investigate the prevalence of bovine tuberculosis and direct economic losses (DEL) from tuberculosis in cattle slaughtered in Makurdi abattoirs from 2008 to 2012, using abattoir records obtained from the Ministry of Agriculture and Natural Resources. Out of 61654 cattle slaughtered during the study period 1172 (1.90%) were positive for tuberculosis lesions. The annual prevalence of bovine tuberculosis ranges from 0.90% in 2008 to 4.04% in 2012. There was significant (P<0.05) difference in annual prevalence of bovine tuberculosis. It was also observed that there was no seasonal difference in the prevalence of bovine tuberculosis. A total of 1935 affected organs by BTB weighing 3046.50 kg, amounting to 2.91 × 106 Naira (1.82 × 104 USD), were condemned within the study period. Seasonal variation in organ condemnation due to bovine tuberculosis was significantly different (Mann-WhitneyUstatistics = 774 × 103,P=0.034). It was concluded that bovine tuberculosis is prevalent in Makurdi and accounts for heavy economic losses due to condemnation of edible organs.
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Khairullah, Aswin, Ikechukwu Moses, Muhammad Kusala, Wiwiek Tyasningsih, Siti Ayuti, Fedik Rantam, Ima Fauziah et al. "Unveiling insights into bovine tuberculosis: A comprehensive review". Open Veterinary Journal 14, n. 6 (2024): 1330. http://dx.doi.org/10.5455/ovj.2024.v14.i6.2.

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Abstract (sommario):
The frequent zoonotic disease known as "bovine tuberculosis" is brought on by the Mycobacterium bovis bacteria, which can infect both people and animals. The aim of this review article is to provide an explanation of the etiology, history, epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical symptoms, diagnosis, transmission, risk factors, public health importance, economic impact, treatment, and control of bovine tuberculosis. Primarily, bovine tuberculosis affects cattle, but other animals may also be affected. Bovine tuberculosis is present throughout the world, with the exception of Antarctica. Cattle that contract bovine tuberculosis might suffer from a persistent, crippling illness. In the early stages of the disease, there are no symptoms. The tuberculin test is the primary method for detecting bovine tuberculosis in cows. Depending on its localized site in the infected animal, M. bovis can be found in respiratory secretions, milk, urine, faeces, vaginal secretions, semen, feces, and exudates from lesions (such as lymph node drainage and some skin lesions). This illness generally lowers cattle productivity and could have a negative financial impact on the livestock business, particularly the dairy industry. The most effective first-line anti-tuberculosis chemotherapy consists of isoniazid, ethambutol, rifampin, and streptomycin. Second line drugs used against bovine tuberculosis include ethionamide, capreomycin, thioacetazone, and cycloserine. To successfully control and eradicate bovine tuberculosis, developed nations have implemented routine testing and culling of infected animals under national mandatory programs.
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Sibley, Dick. "Bovine tuberculosis: slow progress". Livestock 28, n. 1 (2 gennaio 2023): 23–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/live.2023.28.1.23.

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Despite a government pledge to eradicate bovine tuberculosis by 2038, progress towards this goal has been slow. This article looks at some of the reasons for this and considers ways in which all parties involved could engage to bring about a more rapid improvement in control of bovine tuberculosis.
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Ribeiro, Lucílio Antônio, Vítor Salvador Picão Gonçalves, Priscilla Fernanda Cremer Francisco, Ana Lourdes Arrais de Alencar Mota, Geraldo Teixeira do Nascimento, Janaina Bitencourt Licurgo, Fernando Ferreira et al. "Epidemiological status of bovine tuberculosis in the Federal District of Brazil". Semina: Ciências Agrárias 37, n. 5Supl2 (9 novembre 2016): 3561. http://dx.doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2016v37n5supl2p3561.

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Considering the implementation of the National Program for the Control and Eradication of Animal Brucellosis and Tuberculosis (PNCEBT) in 2001, and the need to determine the epidemiological status of animal tuberculosis for future evaluation of the effectiveness of the measures laid down, the objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence and identify risk factors of bovine tuberculosis in the Federal District (DF) of Brazil, as well as to provide an input for the strategic management of PNCEBT. Field testing and data collection was carried out from February to December 2003. The DF was considered a single epidemiological region owing to the small number of existing farms, and the absence of significant differences between the region’s farming enterprises, which would justify the stratification of the regional sample. A total of 278 farms were randomly sampled from the local registry database of bovine farms with reproductive activity, in which 2,019 adult cows were tuberculin tested. Only one sampled animal had a positive result, using the comparative cervical tuberculin test, resulting in a bovine tuberculosis prevalence of 0.05% [95% CI: 0.0-0.4%]. The herd-level prevalence of bovine tuberculosis in the DF was estimated as 0.36% [95% CI: 0-2.0%]. The analysis of risk factors was impaired by the results obtained, as the number of cases did not allow for this kind of analysis. Cattle farming in the DF is predominantly aimed at dairy production; however, it is characterized by the presence of small low milk yield herds, which may not favor the introduction and persistency of infection of Mycobacterium bovis. Health authorities from the DF perform surveillance for bovine tuberculosis and maintain the need for tests for the movement of bovines for breeding and those animals destined for any form of animal gathering, especially auctions. Therefore, it is likely that the DF has good conditions for successfully implementing the PNCEBT.
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Cobner, Andrew. "Clinical Forum: Bovine tuberculosis". Livestock 12, n. 5 (settembre 2007): 23–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.2044-3870.2007.tb00113.x.

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Lehner, R., e F. McKeating. "Bovine tuberculosis in deer". Veterinary Record 124, n. 2 (14 gennaio 1989): 46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/vr.124.2.46-c.

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Domingo, M., E. Vidal e A. Marco. "Pathology of bovine tuberculosis". Research in Veterinary Science 97 (ottobre 2014): S20—S29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rvsc.2014.03.017.

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Bezos, Javier, Julio Álvarez, Beatriz Romero, Lucía de Juan e Lucas Domínguez. "Bovine tuberculosis: Historical perspective". Research in Veterinary Science 97 (ottobre 2014): S3—S4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rvsc.2014.09.003.

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Più fonti

Tesi sul tema "Bovine tuberculosis"

1

McIlroy, Samuel George. "The epidemiology of bovine tuberculosis". Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.484278.

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Wilkins, Melinda Jean. "The human health aspects of the Mycobacterium bovis (bovine tuberculosis) outbreak in Michigan". Diss., Connect to online resource - MSU authorized users, 2008.

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3

Modise, Boitumelo Magret. "Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex-specific antigens for use in serodiagnosis of bovine tuberculosis". Diss., University of Pretoria, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/25169.

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Bovine tuberculosis (BTB) is a zoonotic disease that affects domestic and wild animals, and humans. It is caused by Mycobacterium bovis (M. bovis) and has a wide host range. The effective control of BTB is of paramount importance and this can be achieved through the use of accurate and comprehensive diagnostic tests. The most widely used methods to detect BTB are the skin test and in vitro gamma interferon assay which do not detect anergic animals, but serological tests such as ELISA and fluorescence polarization assay (FPA) have been found promising in ancilliary tuberculosis diagnosis. The overall aim was to study M. tuberculosis complex (MTBC) protein, mycobacterial protein bovis 70 (MPB70) as a target for serological assays in the detection of antibodies to bovine tuberculosis. The MPB70 protein was expressed, purified and labeled with fluorescein (FITC). The mpb70 gene was fragmented into three regions without disrupting predicted epitopes. The resulting protein Fragments were expressed as fusion proteins with the monster green fluorescent protein (MGFP). The recombinant MPB70 (rMPB70) and the expressed gene fragments 2&3 were tested in immunoblots and ELISAs. The rMPB70 and fragment 2-MGFP reacted with chicken antibodies raised against rMPB70 and immune sera from BTB infected buffaloes. MPB70 peptides were synthesized as an approach to identify even smaller antigenic regions. The peptides BT1G (residues 31-45) and BT51L (residues 81-95) were recognised by anti-MPB70 chicken antibodies in the ELISA and fall within fragment 1 and 2, respectively. The tracers (rMPB70-FITC, fragment 2-MGFP fusion and peptides BT1G&BT51L) were tested in the FPA, but the results failed to distinguish between immune sera from chickens immunized with rMPB70 and negative control sera. Even though the FPA was not successful, the MPB70 fragment 2-MGFP fusion protein, which was recognized by sera from BTB infected buffaloes, was tested in an ELISA using panels of sera from uninfected and naturally M. bovis infected buffaloes and cattle. The diagnostic performance of the ELISA was, however, overall unsatisfactory and hence of very limited use as a serological test to detect antibody responses to BTB as a stand-alone assay. Sera from some of the animals gave false positive reactions indicating that MPB70 was not sufficiently specific for serodiagnosis of M. tuberculosis complex infections.
Dissertation (MSc)--University of Pretoria, 2012.
Veterinary Tropical Diseases
unrestricted
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García, Sáenz Ariadna. "Spatial epidemiology of bovine tuberculosis in domestic animals and evaluation of surveillance". Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/328428.

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El objetivo de la presente tesis ha sido obtener información sobre la epidemiología de la Tuberculosis Bovina (TBb) en rebaños vacunos así como la obtención de datos para la implementación de un posible sistema de vigilancia basado en riesgo. En el primer estudio se analizó la variación espacio-temporal del riesgo de TBb en rebaños vacunos desde el año 2006 hasta el 2011. Los resultados indicaron que la prevalencia y la incidencia fueron más elevadas en algunas comarcas y en algunos años, comparando con la evolución global a nivel de país. El análisis de potenciales factores de riesgo indicaron que tanto los movimientos entre granjas provenientes de zonas de elevada incidencia (>1%) como la presencia de ganado de lidia, incrementaban el riesgo de infección. En el segundo estudio se describió una aproximación a un sistema de vigilancia basado en riesgo que se está evaluando actualmente en Nueva Zelanda. Dado que la presencia de TBb en granjas está conducida por un número de factores que incluyen: historial de infección previo en la explotación, frecuencia de test diagnósticos llevados a cabo en la explotación, localización geográfica y los movimientos de animales; el objetivo del estudio fue calcular una puntuación de riesgo de infección para cada granja utilizando datos recogidos durante la campaña de erradicación de forma rutinaria. De esta forma, los rebaños podrían ser clasificados en función de su riesgo de infección y así la vigilancia se podría focalizar en intentar detectar, de una forma más eficiente y economizando los costes, aquellas granjas con la puntuación de riesgo más elevada. En el tercer estudio, la sensibilidad individual de la vigilancia de TBb en mataderos de Cataluña fue evaluada. La probabilidad de detectar un bovino infectado fue estimada mediante el producto de las siguientes probabilidades: 1) probabilidad de que un bovino infectado llegue a matadero presentando lesiones compatibles y detectables macroscópicamente (LDM), 2) probabilidad de que LDM sean detectadas durante la inspección en matadero, 3) probabilidad de que el veterinario oficial de matadero sospeche de TBb y envíe las muestras al laboratorio para su confirmación. La sensibilidad individual de la vigilancia de TBb en los mataderos de bovino de Cataluña, resultó ser de un 31.4% (CI 95%: 28.6-36.2). En el cuarto estudio, la dinámica de transmisión de TBb dentro de un rebaño fue analizada. Para ello se desarrolló un modelo compartimental estocástico SEI (Susceptibles, Expuestos e Infecciosos). Con este modelo se infirieron los parámetros relacionados con la transmisión, en particular el ratio de transmisión (β) y el ratio en el que los animales infectados pasan a ser infecciosos (α). También, debido a la controversia sobre las sensibilidades reportadas de la prueba de la intradermo-tuberculinización simple (IDTs) en condiciones de campo, la probabilidad de detectar tanto los animales infectados como los infecciosos (ϕ y ρ, respectivamente) fue también evaluada. Las distribuciones posteriores de los parámetros modelizados fueron obtenidas mediante el método de las cadenas de Markov Chain Monte Carlo y por métodos de aproximación por computación bayesiana (MCMC-ABC). El promedio obtenido, de 33 rebaños de diferentes áreas de España, para el ratio de transmisión varió entre 0.0001 y 0.0002 por día, y el promedio del ratio de transición de bovinos infectados a infecciosos varió entre 0.011 y 0.0001.
The present PhD Thesis aimed to provide information about the epidemiology of bovine tuberculosis (bTB) in cattle and relevant data for the implementation of a risk based surveillance system. In the first study the space-time variation of the risk of bTB in cattle between 2006 and 2011 was analyzed. The results indicated that in some counties, between some years, the prevalence and the incidence of the disease was higher as compared to the global rate in the rest of the counties of Spain. The analysis of potential risk factors indicated that both, a large number of movements from counties with high incidence (>1%), and presence of bullfighting cattle herds increased the bTB risk. In the second study it was described a risk-based approach for bTB surveillance that is under development in New Zealand. Given that the presence of bTB in a herd is driven by a number of factors including previous infection history, the amount of testing carried out on individual herds, geographic location or herd movement behavior, the objective was to use routinely recorded data to derive a ‘risk score’ for each of these factors and then to combine them to return a composite bTB risk score for each herd. By this way, herds could be ranked and this would enable to focus surveillance in those herds with the highest risk score, providing effective surveillance coverage at a reasonable overall cost. In the third study the individual sensitivity of bovine tuberculosis surveillance in Catalonian slaughterhouses of cattle was assessed. The probability of detection of a bTB-infected cattle by the slaughterhouses in Catalonia was estimated as the product of three consecutive probabilities: P1) the probability that a bTB-infected animal arrived at the slaughterhouse presenting Macroscopically Detectable Lesions (MDL); P2) the probability that MDL were detected by the routine meat inspection procedure, and P3) the probability that the veterinary officer suspected of bTB and sent the sample for laboratory confirmation. The mean individual bTB surveillance sensitivity of the different cattle slaughterhouses in Catalonia obtained in this study was 31.4% (CI 95%: 28.6-36.2). In the fourth study a stochastic compartmental SEI (Susceptible, Exposed (latent), and Infectious) model was developed to mimic Bovine tuberculosis (bTB) within-herd transmission dynamics. This model was used to infer several parameters related to bTB spread within Spanish cattle farms, in particular the cattle-to-cattle transmission rate (β) and the rate at which infected cattle become infectious (α). Also, given the controversy over the sensitivities of the single intradermal tuberculin test (SIT) application in field conditions, the probability of detection of both infected and infectious cattle (ϕ and ρ, respectively), were also evaluated. A Markov Chain Monte Carlo-Approximate Bayesian Computation (MCMC-ABC) method was used to generate posterior distributions and the mean within herd transmission rate (β) estimated in 33 Spanish herds varied between 0.0001 and 0.0002 per day, and the mean rate at which infected cattle become infectious (α) varied between 0.011 and 0.0001.
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Cassidy, Joseph Paul. "Studies on the pathogenesis of bovine tuberculosis". Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.268149.

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Kazwala, Rudovick Reuben. "Molecular epidemiology of bovine tuberculosis in Tanzania". Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/30335.

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A study on molecular epidemiology of bovine tuberculosis in man and cattle in Tanzania was carried out with two components. The first component was based on field investigation of tuberculosis in cattle and man in Arusha region, in the north and in the Usangu Plains in the Southern Highlands of Tanzania. The second component involved laboratory analysis of strains acquired from field study by both conventional and molecular biology techniques. The IS986 and mtp40 multiplex PCR developed in the course of this study was able to different M. bovis from M. tuberculosis. DNA fingerprinting of all the strains cultured was carried out using restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) and spoligotyping techniques. Strains of M. bovis from man from Arusha gave similar DNA fingerprints to those from cattle, while the human M. bovis, strains from other places gave different fingerprints from those from cattle. M. tuberculosis strains were found to belong to three clusters, with one cluster containing over 60% of the strains. Intersegment PCR, a molecular typing technique developed in the current study was able to differentiate strains but the results were influenced by the concentration of template DNA. A fragment of RAPD PCR found only in M. bovis and absent in M. tuberculosis and other atypical mycobacteria was cloned and sequenced. The DNA sequence of the cloned fragment was found to match a M. tuberculosis cosmid, which also matched rfbE gene of Yersinia enterocolitica. Specificity testing revealed hybridization to M. tuberculosis as well. The findings of the above studies have shown the existence of M. bovis infection in man and cattle in Tanzania. The study has also shown the zoonotic importance of infection in the two populations which necessitates a veterinary/medical approach to the control of the disease in Tanzania. Furthermore, it has been shown that molecular biology techniques are better epidemiological tools in studies of zoonotic conditions such as tuberculosis. The study was unable to find a specific DNA element for M. bovis. This observation concurs with others which have found 100% homogeneity between species of the M. tuberculosis complex.
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Oliveira, Rui Miguel. "Estudo da tuberculose como doença de declaração obrigatória em abates normais de bovinos". Master's thesis, Universidade de Lisboa. Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/9288.

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Dissertação de Mestrado Integrado em Medicina Veterinária
Nesta dissertação pretendeu-se identificar potenciais indicadores de infeção por M. bovis em bovinos que apresentaram lesões suspeitas de Tuberculose bovina (69), em Portugal em 2014. Para isso avaliaram-se as informações resultantes da inspeção post mortem, informações referentes aos animais (idade, sexo, raça e aptidão) e ao número de movimentos realizadas entre explorações. Outro objetivo foi avaliar o critério da decisão sanitária aplicado aos animais com lesões suspeitas de Tuberculose. Verificou-se uma associação entre a consistência da lesão e o resultado do exame laboratorial histopatológico e bacteriológico, em que a maioria dos animais com lesão caseo-cálcaria foi positivo ao exame laboratorial. As lesões dos animais positivos localizaram-se quase exclusivamente nos linfonodos retrofaríngeos, brônquicos, mediastínicos e pulmão, tendo-se verificado uma associação entre o local da lesão e o resultado laboratorial obtido. A decisão sanitária quando duas ou mais regiões estavam afetadas foi de uma forma geral a reprovação total, enquanto quando apenas uma região se encontrava afetada, houve reprovação parcial. Nos resultados referentes às informações dos bovinos, verificou-se que a maioria tinha mais de 6 meses e tinha como aptidão a produção de carne. Em relação ao histórico dos movimentos entre explorações, observou-se que o grupo de animais positivos ao exame laboratorial realizou em média mais movimentos entre explorações que o grupo dos animais negativos e que a maioria dos animais nasceu no Alentejo.
ABSTRACT - This dissertation was intended to identify potential indicators of infection by M. bovis in animals that showed suspicious lesions of bovine tuberculosis (69), in Portugal in 2014. For that we evaluated the information resulting from the post mortem inspection, information related to animals (age, sex, breed and aptitude) and to the history of animals. Another objective was to verify the decision concerning the meat of animals infected by bovine tuberculosis. It was found that most the animals with suspicious lesions, that showed a lesion with a caseo-calcarius consistency, were positive to laboratory examination. The lesions of positive animal were located almost exclusively in the lymph nodes retropharyngeal, bronchial, mediastinal and lungs. The decision of the veterinary was generally the total condemnation when two or more anatomic regions were affected and trimming when one region was affected. It was found that most of the animals had more than 6 months old and were cattle raised for meat production. The results concerning the history of the animals showed that, the positives group made more movements between farms (mean) than the negatives, and that the majority was born in Alentejo.
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Brown, Julian A. "Transmission of bovine tuberculosis (Mycobacterium bovis) from badgers (Meles meles) to cattle". Thesis, University of Bristol, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/1983/d277aaf1-a1b1-4142-b0e5-ffa1f3d12bb7.

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Smyth, Allister John. "#gamma##delta# T cell responses in bovine tuberculosis". Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.301058.

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Tsairidou, Smaragda. "Genetics of disease resistance : application to bovine tuberculosis". Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/25397.

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Bovine Tuberculosis (bTB) is a disease of significant economic importance, being one of the most persistent animal health problems in the UK and the Republic of Ireland and increasingly constituting a public health concern especially for the developing world. Limitations of the currently available diagnostic and control methods, along with our incomplete understanding of bTB transmission, prevent successful eradication. This Thesis addresses the development of a complementary control strategy which will be based on animal genetics and will allow us to identify animals genetically predisposed to be more resistant to disease. Specifically, the aim of my PhD project is to investigate the genetic architecture of resistance to bTB and demonstrate the feasibility of whole genome prediction for the control of bTB in cattle. Genomic selection for disease resistance in livestock populations will assist with the reduction of the in herd-level incidence and the severity of potential outbreaks. The first objective was to explore the estimation of breeding values for bTB resistance in UK dairy cattle, and test these genomic predictions for situations when disease phenotypes are not available on selection candidates. Through using dense SNP chip data the results of Chapter 2 demonstrate that genomic selection for bTB resistance is feasible (h2 = 0.23(SE = 0.06)) and bTB resistance can be predicted using genetic markers with an estimate of prediction accuracy of r(g, ĝ) = 0.33 in this data. It was shown that genotypes help to predict disease state (AUC ≈ 0.58) and animals lacking bTB phenotypes can be selected based on their genotypes. In Chapter 3, a novel approach is presented to identify loci displaying heterozygote (dis)advantage associated with resistance to M. bovis, hypothesising underlying non-additive genetic variation, and these results are compared with those obtained from standard genome scans. A marker was identified suggesting an association between locus heterozygosity and increased susceptibility to bTB i.e. a heterozygote disadvantage, with the heterozygotes being significantly more in the cases than in the controls (x2 = 11.50, p < 0.001). Secondly, this thesis focused on conducting a meta-analysis on two dairy cattle populations with bTB phenotypes and SNP chip genotypes, identifying genomic regions underlying bTB resistance and testing genomic predictions by means of cross-validation. In Chapter 4, exploration of the genetic architecture of the trait revealed that bTB resistance is a moderately polygenic, complex trait with clusters of causal variants spread across a few major chromosomes collectively controlling the trait. A region was identified on chromosome 6, putatively associated with bTB resistance and this chromosome as a whole was shown to contribute a major proportion (hc 2= 0.051) of the observed variation in this dataset. Genomic prediction for bTB was shown to be feasible even when only distantly related populations are combined (r(g,ĝ)=0.33 (SE = 0.05)), with the chromosomal heritability results suggesting that the accuracy arises from the SNPs capturing linkage disequilibrium between markers and QTL, as well as additive relationships between animals (~80% of estimated genomic h2 is due to relatedness). To extend the analysis, in Chapter 5, high density genotypes were inferred by means of genotype imputation, anticipating that these analyses will allow the identification of genomic regions associated with bTB resistance more closely, and that would increase the prediction accuracy. Genotype imputation was successful, however, using all imputed genotypes added little information. The limiting factor was found to be the number of animals and the trait definitions rather than the density of genotypes. Thirdly, a quantitative genetic analysis of actual Single Intradermal Comparative Cervical Test (SICCT) values collected during bTB herd testing was conducted aiming to investigate if selection for bTB resistance is likely to have an impact on the SICCT diagnostic test. This analysis demonstrated that the SICCT has a negligibly low heritability (h2=0.0104 (SE = 0.0032)) and any effect on the responsiveness to the test is likely to be small. In conclusion, breeding for disease resistance in livestock is feasible and we can predict the risk of bTB in cattle using genomic information. Further, putative QTLs associated with bTB resistance were identified, and exploration of the genetic architecture of bTB resistance revealed a moderately polygenic trait. These results suggest that given that larger datasets with more phenotyped and genotyped animals will be available, we can breed for bTB resistance and implement the genomic selection technology in breeding programmes aiming to improve the disease status and overall health of the livestock population. Using the genomics this can be continued as the epidemic declines.
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Libri sul tema "Bovine tuberculosis"

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Chambers, M., S. Gordon, F. Olea-Popelka e P. Barrow, a cura di. Bovine tuberculosis. Wallingford: CABI, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781786391520.0000.

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2

Ministry, of Agriculture Fisheries and Food. Bovine tuberculosis in badgers. London: MAFF Publications, 1988.

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Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food. Bovine tuberculosis in badgers. London: MAFF Publications, 1996.

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4

Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food. Bovine tuberculosis in badgers. London: MAFF Publications, 1991.

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5

Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food. Bovine tuberculosis in badgers. London: MAFF Publications, 1987.

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Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food. Bovine tuberculosis in badgers. London: MAFF Publications, 1990.

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Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food. Bovine tuberculosis in badgers. London: MAFF Publications, 1993.

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Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food. Bovine tuberculosis in badgers. London: MAFF Publications, 1986.

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Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food. Bovine tuberculosis in badgers. London: MAFFPublications, 1985.

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Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food. Bovine tuberculosis in badgers. London: MAFF Publications, 1989.

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Capitoli di libri sul tema "Bovine tuberculosis"

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Cadmus, Simeon I. B., e F. Olalekan Ayanwale. "Bovine tuberculosis". In Zoonotic Tuberculosis, 149–58. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Inc, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118474310.ch12.

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Harrington, Noel, Krista Howden e Claude Turcotte. "Canada's bovine tuberculosis eradication program". In Zoonotic Tuberculosis, 287–90. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Inc, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118474310.ch25.

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Boschiroli, María Laura, e Jean-Jacques Bénet. "Bovine tuberculosis eradication in France". In Zoonotic Tuberculosis, 341–47. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Inc, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118474310.ch29.

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Mwinyelle, Gregory Banayah, e Andy Alhassan. "Overview of bovine tuberculosis in Ghana". In Zoonotic Tuberculosis, 175–80. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Inc, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118474310.ch14.

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Ortiz, Alejandro Perera, José Alfredo Gutiérrez-Reyes, Estela Flores Velázquez, Guillermo Agustín Reyes Escalona e Eli Tonatiuh Selva Hernández. "Bovine tuberculosis eradication program in Mexico". In Zoonotic Tuberculosis, 291–308. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Inc, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118474310.ch26.

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Amin, Aziza. "Bovine Tuberculosis in Egypt". In Tuberculosis in Animals: An African Perspective, 305–15. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-18690-6_13.

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Yeboah-Manu, Dorothy, e Adwoa Asante-Poku. "Bovine Tuberculosis in Ghana". In Tuberculosis in Animals: An African Perspective, 339–49. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-18690-6_15.

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Habarugira, Gervais, Joseph Rukelibuga e Manassé Nzayirambaho. "Bovine Tuberculosis in Rwanda". In Tuberculosis in Animals: An African Perspective, 379–86. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-18690-6_18.

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Malama, Sydney, Musso Munyeme e John B. Muma. "Bovine Tuberculosis in Zambia". In Tuberculosis in Animals: An African Perspective, 445–53. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-18690-6_23.

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Naugle, Alecia Larew, Mark Schoenbaum, C. William Hench, Owen L. Henderson e Jack Shere. "Bovine tuberculosis eradication in the United States". In Zoonotic Tuberculosis, 235–51. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Inc, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118474310.ch21.

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Atti di convegni sul tema "Bovine tuberculosis"

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Anguelov, R., H. Kojouharov, Michail D. Todorov e Christo I. Christov. "Continuous Age-Structured Model for Bovine Tuberculosis in African buffalo". In 1ST INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON APPLICATIONS OF MATHEMATICS IN TECHNICAL AND NATURAL SCIENCES. AIP, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3265359.

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Sánchez-Molano, E., D. Madenci, S. Tsairidou, M. Winters, A. P. Mitchell, G. Banos e A. Doeschl-Wilson. "700. Detection of genetic variability in cattle infectivity for bovine tuberculosis (bTB)". In World Congress on Genetics Applied to Livestock Production. The Netherlands: Wageningen Academic Publishers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3920/978-90-8686-940-4_700.

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Novakovic, Aleksandar, Adele H. Marshall, Carolyn McGregor, Nadja Bressan, Kate McAllister e Emily Courcier. "Using machine learning to improve bovine tuberculosis control in herd level outbreaks". In 2023 45th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine & Biology Society (EMBC). IEEE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/embc40787.2023.10340080.

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McBride, Kyle, Aleksandar Novakovic, Adele H. Marshall e Emily Courcier. "Knowledge Discovery of Bovine Tuberculosis in the Eurasian Badger using Machine Learning Techniques". In 2022 International Conference on Computational Science and Computational Intelligence (CSCI). IEEE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/csci58124.2022.00071.

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Yang-Turner, Fan, Denis Volk, Tim Peto, Tony Roberts, Juan Herreros e Richard Ellis. "ViewBovine: A Microservices-Powered Web Application to Support Interactive Investigation of Bovine Tuberculosis Infection Pathways". In 2020 IEEE World Congress on Services (SERVICES). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/services48979.2020.00014.

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Nurpeisova, Ainur, Zhandos Abay, Kamshat Shorayeva, Sandugash Sadikaliyeva, Bolat Yespembetov, Kuanish Jekebekov, Nazym Syrym et al. "Determining optimal conditions for growing recombinant vectors to be used in developing a bovine tuberculosis vaccine". In Research for Rural Development 2023 : annual 29th international scientific conference proceedings. Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.22616/rrd.29.2023.013.

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Two recombinant influenza A virus vectors expressing the ESAT 6 and TB10.4 mycobacterial proteins from the nonstructural (NS) gene were constructed via reverse genetics technique to develop a specific means of prophylaxis for bovine tuberculosis. We experimented to determine optimal conditions for growing recombinant vectors in Vero cell culture and chick embryos. This study established that the maximum amount of virus builds up in a Vero cell culture with the Dulbecco′s Modified Eagle′s Medium (DMEM) serum-free medium. However, using cell culture to produce vector vaccines is labourintensive and inefficient. An alternative way, a traditional, time-tested technique, is provided by growing samples in chick embryos. One of the advantages of this technique is its affordability and availability, enabling easy scale-up of vaccine production. In the optimization experiments, the FLU-ΔNS_ESAT 6 and FLU-ΔNS_ТВ10.4 viruses constructed were inoculated into 10-day-old chick embryos. It was determined that the optimal incubation temperature that led to the highest virus build-up was 37 ± 0.5 °С. And the infectious activity level of the FLU-ΔNS_ESAT 6 recombinant vector was at 8.95 ± 0.07 log10EID50 0.2 cm-3, while that of the FLU-ΔNS_ТВ10.4 was at 9.20 ± 0.07 log10EID50 0.2 cm-3, what was provided by infectious doses of 1000–10000 EID50, which makes it possible to create a virus-containing material with a hemagglutination activity level of 1:64. The size of recombinant vector amplicons expressing proteins ТВ10.4 and ESAT 6 was 1170 bp and 1175 bp, respectively. Electron microscopy images confirm that the developed virions are morphologically similar to the avian influenza virus.
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Oliveira, L. B., I. D. C. Barreto, S. D. Vieira, M. E. Camargo e S. L. Russo. "PROSPECÇÃO TECNOLÓGICA SOBRE O CONTROLE E COMBATE DA TUBERCULOSE BOVINA (Mycobacterium bovis)". In 5th International Symposium on Technological Innovation. Universidade Federal do Sergipe, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.7198/s2318-3403201400020032.

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Rimbu, Cristina Mihaela, Cristina Elena Horhogea, Catalin Carp-Carare, Dan Florin Chiriac, Gabriela Adriana Chiriac, Daniel Bejenariu, Danut Bratu e Mariana Caraman. "Aspecte privind epidemiologia speciilor Mycobacterium bovis și Mycobacterium caprae în județul Vaslui, Romania". In Scientific and practical conference with international participation: "Management of the genetic fund of animals – problems, solutions, outlooks". Scientific Practical Institute of Biotechnologies in Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.61562/mgfa2023.57.

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Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium caprae are species that be-long to the Mycobacterium tuberculosis (CMT) complex, together with other species of va-rying clinical relevance, and are known to be the main causative agents of tuberculosis in animals and the primary causative agent of zoonotic tuberculosis. The aim of the study was to analyze the incidence indicators of Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium caprae species in cattle from Vaslui County, Romania. The study included the analysis of data from 2015-2021, obtained as a result of microbiological examinations of various biological samples prelevated from cattle with suspected tuberculosis. With the exception of 2020, there were animals with suspected tuberculosis from which 115 strains of Myco-bacterium sp. were isolated throughout the 2015-2020 period. All strains were serotyped and classified into two species: Mycobacterium bovis (5,21%) and Mycobacterium caprae (94,78%). Analysis of the dispersion over time of Mycobacterium species isolation showed that Mycobacterium bovis was identified sporadically (2016, 2017), while Mycobacterium caprae was isolated continuously, except in 2020, when a number of sanitary-veterinary services were interrupted due to the crisis situation caused by the pandemic COVID -19.
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Roche, S., A. M. McLaughlin e J. M. Keane. "A Case of Multiple Intracranial Tuberculomas as a Presentation of Tuberculosis Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome (TB IRIS) in a Patient with Mycobacterium Bovis Tuberculosis". In American Thoracic Society 2019 International Conference, May 17-22, 2019 - Dallas, TX. American Thoracic Society, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2019.199.1_meetingabstracts.a5118.

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Silva Neto, Raphael Bernardo da, Viviane Correa Silva Coimbra, Izaias Polary Bezerra, Odinéa Alves Ferraz Souza Rodrigues, Simone Pereira Barbosa Lima, Arnon Cunha Reis, Flávia Karina Lima Anceles Goulart, Giovana Maria Gomes Uruçu Serra e Leana Bruna Salomão de Brito. "REGISTRO DA OCORRÊNCIA DE TUBERCULOSE BOVINA NO BRASIL (1999-2019)". In CONGRESSO NORTE-NORDESTE DE SAÚDE PÚBLICA (ON LINE). Editora Omnis Scientia, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.47094/iicnnesp.2021/111.

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Rapporti di organizzazioni sul tema "Bovine tuberculosis"

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CHITATE, F., G. FOSGATE e A. BOSHOFF. Namibia’s demonstration of freedom from bovine tuberculosis. O.I.E (World Organisation for Animal Health), ottobre 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.20506/bull.2019.nf.3014.

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