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Tesi sul tema "Body image or eating disorders"

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Autore: Grafiati

Pubblicato: 4 giugno 2021

Ultima modifica: 20 febbraio 2023

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1

Koskina, Antonia. "Dissociation and body image instability in eating disorders". Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2014. https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/dissociation-and-body-image-instability-in-eating-disorders(404ace26-f166-4734-bbc3-f9f1b120aa0f).html.

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Background: Body image disturbances are central to the psychopathology of eating disorders (ED). There is growing recognition that body image is not stable and can be influenced by a variety of factors, however it remains unclear whether perceptual deficits exist in ED individuals. Recent research suggests that experiences of dissociation may undermine the stability of body image and create a vulnerability to body image disturbances. Dissociation is commonly observed in ED and has been linked to body image disturbance. The present study aimed to investigate the relationships between experiences of dissociation, body image disturbance and perceptual body image instability in a group of ED individuals, dieters (DT), and non-dieting healthy controls (HC). Method: 20 individuals diagnosed with an ED, 20 DT, and 20 HC completed experimental and self-report measures of dissociation, body disturbance, body checking and body image instability. Perceptual body image instability was measured using the Rubber Hand Illusion (Botvnik & Cohen, 1998). Results: Findings suggest ED individuals experience higher levels of dissociation, body image disturbance and body checking than HC and DT groups. Contrary to hypotheses, body image instability did not significantly differ between groups. Positive relationships were found between psychological dissociation and body checking cognitions in ED (r(20)=0.52, p<0.01) and in DT (r(20)=0.54, p<0.01). Furthermore, exploratory mediation analysis revealed that body checking cognitions were a significant predictor of the relationship between psychological dissociation and body dissatisfaction (z=-3.28, p<0.01). Conclusions: Body image disturbance in ED is a complex multi-factorial psychopathology. The study did not confirm whether ED individuals experience higher perceptual body image instability than controls; instead findings suggest cognitive-emotional influences impact upon body disturbance in ED to a greater degree. Furthermore, results showed that cognitions surrounding body checking are a significant maintaining factor in the relationship between psychological dissociation and body dissatisfaction. For some individuals, body checking may serve as a method of grounding themselves when experiencing dissociation. Findings have implications for the assessment and treatment of body image in ED.

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2

Farrell, Clare. "Experimental analysis of body image disturbance". Thesis, University of Oxford, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.289293.

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3

Reynolds, Holly. "Sex appeal? gender differences in undergraduates' attitudes of eating disorders compared along a continuum of eating disordered behavior /". Menomonie, WI : University of Wisconsin--Stout, 2005. http://www.uwstout.edu/lib/thesis/2005/2005reynoldsh.pdf.

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4

Bamber, Diane. "Exercise dependence and eating disorders". Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.364463.

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5

Frei, Elizabeth. "Neurocognitive Correlates of Body Image Disturbance". Doctoral diss., University of Central Florida, 2009. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/4059.

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Abstract (sommario):

Body image, broadly defined as an individual's general experience of his or her physical appearance, is a multidimensional phenomenon that has been found to affect functioning throughout the lifetime. Although some degree of dissatisfaction has been found to be a common aspect of the female experience, research suggests that a disturbance in body image can result in a number of clinical complications, particularly the development of an eating disorder (ED). Despite the relationship between body image and EDs, examinations of the cognitive underpinnings of the relationship between body image disturbance and EDs are relatively few and inconclusive. Research indicates that individuals with an ED diagnosis exhibit cognitive rigidity (deficits in set-shifting ability) and weak central coherence(as demonstrated by performance on measures of information processing style). However, research has not established whether individuals with body image disturbance who do not meet criteria for an ED exhibit comparable performance. The aim of the current study was to determine whether individuals with body image disturbance exhibit similar patterns of neuropsychological functioning. A sample of women with high levels of body image disturbance completed a battery of cognitive tests and outcomes were compared to a group of women with little disturbance and also compared with performance of individuals with diagnosed EDs as cited in previous studies. Overall, the results do not clearly indicate that women with body image disturbance have difficulties with set-shifting tasks and global information processing, however some preliminary patterns did emerge. These preliminary findings extend existing theoretical models of body image and have potential to inform clinical efforts aimed at improving treatment protocols for body image disturbance and EDs by targeting these aspects of neurocognition during treatment.
Ph.D.
Department of Psychology
Sciences
Psychology PhD

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6

O'Brien, Kendall. "The Cultivation of Eating Disorders through Instagram". Scholar Commons, 2015. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/6004.

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A profusion of research has been dedicated to the effects of new media on body image. In an attempt to explain the inflation of eating disorders, several researchers have turned to the cultivation theory, postulating that increased interaction with these medias will lead to internalizations of the messages they disseminate. The over presence of extremely thin models and actresses can create a new reality for media users, who begin to equate thinness with beauty, power, femininity and happiness. While an abundance of research has delved into the impact of this thin ideal through television and magazines, the Internet as a medium is relatively new territory. Untrodden further is the field of social media, and particularly Instagram. The aim of this study was to determine the potential of cultivation theory via Instagram and its users.

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7

Eracleous, Eleni. "Body image, disordered eating and emotional processing in adolescent females". Thesis, University of Hertfordshire, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2299/2448.

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Eating disorders can be viewed on a continuum, with disordered eating not reaching clinical diagnostic criteria but having potentially negative effects including increasing the risk of an eating disorder or obesity. This study investigated disordered eating in relation to emotional processing from an Acceptance and Commitment (ACT) perspective. Body image dissatisfaction is recognised as a risk factor in eating disorders and was therefore included in this study to investigate whether the ACT concept of inflexibility was associated with ‘less acceptance’ of body image and an increased eating disorder risk as well as general mood disturbance (i.e. depression and anxiety). A non-clinical sample of 96, 12-15 year old females at secondary schools in London was used. Eating disorder risk, inflexibility as well as depression and anxiety were measured. When comparing high, low and moderate eating disorder risk groups it was found that the low and moderate eating disorder risk groups had lower levels of inflexibility and the low eating disorder risk group had a higher body image acceptance than the moderate and the high risk groups as predicted. Inflexibility was also associated with higher rates of anxiety and depression and a negative association was found between depression and anxiety in relation to acceptance of body image. Thus providing supporting evidence for the transdiagnostic significance of ‘inflexibility’. Clinical implications of these findings in relation to prevention and treatment are discussed.

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8

Montayne, Amanda. "Fitspirational Images, Body Image, Disordered Eating, and Compulsive Exercise". Thesis, Southern Illinois University at Edwardsville, 2017. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10275337.

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The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between viewing fitspirational content and women's body image, exercise attitudes, and eating attitudes. It was hypothesized that viewing fitspirational content would lead to a reduction in body image and an increase in eating disorder-related thoughts and guilt or sadness related to exercising. One significant interaction was found, which implied that individuals who had viewed the fitspirational content had more guilt and depressive feelings related to exercise than individuals in the control group when comparing to the pre-test. None of the remaining hypotheses were supported.

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9

Scamman, Kimberly. "The Prevalence of Eating Disorders Among Athletes". Scholarship @ Claremont, 2015. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/1106.

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Eating disorders and disturbed body image perceptions are becoming a growing problem in athletes. Similar to non-athletes, both female and male athletes have shown an upward trend in the development of eating disorders. The purpose of this research paper is to compile previous research on possible reasons why athletes develop eating disorders. Gender differences, outside influence, specific sports and certain personality characteristics are investigated more in depth to see the affects they have on athletes’ tendencies in developing eating disorders and negative body image.

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10

Maganto, Mateo Carmen, e Saez Soledad Cruz. "Body dissatisfaction as an explanatory variable of eating disorders". Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2002. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/100872.

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Eating disorders ha ve increased over the last few years, as well as the age range of their initialonset which includes younger people. Food-related anxiety, fear of gaining weight, and obsession with thinness are associated with variables of age, sex, social leve!, body mass index, distortion and dissatisfaction with body image are considered risk factors for eating disorders. This research examined the relationship among these factors and analyzed their predictive value. The participants were 200 adolescents (104 boys and 96 girls), aged between 14 and 17 years. The testsused werc the STAI, EDI-2, EAT and two experimental tests. The results indicated that underlying these disorders were distorted body-image perception and dissatisfaction. The risk for girlsincreased between 15 and 16 years. Dissatisfaction with global physical aspect, distortion of body size, age, and trait anxiety were revealed as predictive factors.
La ansiedad con relación a la comida, el temor a aumentar de peso y la obsesión por la delgadez van asociadas a variables de edad, sexo, nivel social, índice de masa corporal, distorsión einsatisfacción con la imagen corporal y se consideran factores de riesgo de los trastornos alimenticios.Se investigan y analizan las relaciones entre dichos factores así como su valor predictivo. Los participantes fueron 200 adolescentes de 14 a 18 años (104 chicos y 96 chicas). Se administraron el Cuestionario de Ansiedad Estado/Rasgo (STA!), el Inventario de Trastornos dela conducta Alimentaria (EDI-2) el Eating Altitudes Test (EAT) y dos instrumentos en construcción.Los resultados revelaron que la percepción distorsionada de la imagen del propio cuerpo,vinculada a la insatisfacción, se halla a la base de estos trastornos. La edad más sensible paralas chicas está entre los 15 y 16 años y los factores predictivos encontrados son: insatisfacción con el aspecto físico global, distorsión del tamaño del cuerpo, edad y ansiedad rasgo.

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11

Mikhail, Carmen. "Body image in anorexic, bulimic, and overweight women : selection of references". Thesis, McGill University, 1990. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=74636.

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This thesis deals with factors which may be related to faulty body image in anorexic, bulimic, overweight, and non-eating-disordered (ED) women. It was found that anorexic, bulimic, and overweight women overestimated their body sizes whereas non-eating-disordered controls were accurate regardless of assessment method. Additionally, ED women had slimmer notions of average, normal-healthy, ideal and own ideal sizes than did controls. For controls and successful dieters, the larger one perceived oneself to be the larger were one's selection of references sizes; this was not found for anorexic and bulimic women, nor for unsuccessful dieters. Successful dieters in a weight loss program had more accurate body images and selected larger references than did unsuccessful dieters. Body size confrontation resulted in more accurate body image and in more positive attitudes toward dieting in anorexics.

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12

Anderson, MerriLee. "Correlates of Body Image in University Women". Thesis, University of North Texas, 1992. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc332642/.

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The relationship between maturation rate, body image, depression and eating disorder tendencies was explored in a group of 251 college-age females in order to better understand the developmental progression of body image and related variables. Two aspects of body image were measured, namely, level of body satisfaction and amount of body distortion. Body dissatisfaction was found to be associated with early maturation, depression, and eating disorder tendencies. Body distortion was not found to be associated with any of the primary variables. The significant relationship which was found between maturation rate and level of body satisfaction in young adult females suggests that pubertal timing may have lasting effects on the body satisfaction of women. Body satisfaction and depression were found to contribute significantly to the variance in eating disorder tendency.

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13

Ramirez, Gabriela Marie M. A. RYT-200. "Single Yoga Session Effect on Anxiety and Body Image in Eating Disorders". Xavier University / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=xavier1566813967139149.

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14

Lydecker, Janet. "Visual Attention Bias and Body Dissatisfaction in Eating Disorders". VCU Scholars Compass, 2013. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/3158.

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Eating disorders, such as anorexia and bulimia nervosa, have profound negative effects on the quality of life of both affected individuals and their families. Behavioral approaches such as cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) are commonly used for the treatment of these disorders. CBT teaches skills to restructure maladaptive thought patterns as a method of altering feelings and behaviors. However, even after CBT, 50-70% of women with bulimia and 67-87% of women with anorexia report continued eating disordered thoughts, feelings and behaviors. Measuring underlying cognitive processes such as orienting, maintaining, and executive attention in individuals with eating disorder symptomatology might be an important first step in improving these existing therapies. Attentional biases can be identified using a variety of techniques, including eye movement in response to stimuli (gaze patterns; focal points) as assessed by sophisticated eye tracking tasks. The current project sought to evaluate eye movement behavior related to body dissatisfaction, and to assess the feasibility of modifying attention. Participants (N = 1017) completed survey measures assessing disordered eating and body image (n = 1011), and participants meeting eligibility requirements participated in the in-person eye-tracking assessment (n = 85). Overall, longer gaze duration was associated with more dissatisfying body regions, and the attention modification intervention decreased time spent looking at the most dissatisfying region. Gaze time on the most dissatisfying body region was not different for self images compared with other images, nor was there an influence of level of shape concern. Body image anxiety also reduced after the attention modification intervention. These results suggest that it is feasible to modify attention biases related to body dissatisfaction. Implications and future extensions of this study are discussed.

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15

Gorman-Ezell, Kathleen Elizabeth. "Eating Disorder Professionals and the Relationship Between Countertransference, Eating Attitudes, Body Image, and Self-Esteem". The Ohio State University, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1257454991.

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16

Rhone, Sharrunn Nicole. "Eating, body satisfaction, ethnicity, and women's relationship with God /". unrestricted, 2006. http://etd.gsu.edu/theses/available/etd-01242007-094902/.

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Thesis (honors)--Georgia State University, 2006.
Title from title screen. Lisa Lilenfeld, advisor. Electronic text (45 p. : col. ill.) : digital, PDF file. Description based on contents viewed June 6, 2007 . Includes bibliographical references (p. 31-35).

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17

Rahbar, Kristen Pauline. "Body image and disordered eating in romantic relationships". [College Station, Tex. : Texas A&M University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-1192.

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18

Kanekoa, Maren L. "The Correlation Between the Eating Attitudes Test and Body Shape Questionnaire". Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2007. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd1852.pdf.

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19

Skello, Teresa A. "A qualitative study on body image and diet among women". Virtual Press, 1995. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/941375.

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Themes emerging from women who scored high on the Body Esteem Scale will be different from the women who scored low on the Body Esteem Scale. One hundred and nine faculty and staff women of Ball State University completed the Eating Attitudes Test and the Body Esteem Scale to answer the first hypothesis and established a low, medium and high body esteem groups, (BES) in order to answer the second hypothesis. Twenty-eight volunteers, (of the 109) were individually interviewed.A significant difference was found at the .05 level in the subject's present weight, between groups one and two and between groups one and three thus supporting the first hypothesis. Interviews revealed a greater number of negative responses were recorded in the lower BES group and a greater number of positive responses were recorded in the higher BES group thus supporting the second hypothesis. Further study is recommended.
Fisher Institute for Wellness

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20

Hardie, Alison. "Eating disorders, body image and weight control life orientation teachers' knowledge, attitudes and behaviours". Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/394.

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The apparent increase in the incidence of both anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa worldwide has resulted in a surge of interest in effective treatment, prevention programmes and health promotion. Health promotion and the primary prevention of eating and body image problems among young people, and in particular adolescents, is emerging as one of the most desirable achievements in contemporary health and nutrition education. Eating disorders usually have their origin during the teenage years, and as such, high schools provide useful sites for the implementation of prevention programmes. Educators can play an important role in the prevention of eating disorders and act as socialization agents who either reinforce or buffer the dominant societal discourses that shape young women’s views of themselves. There are calls, however, for caution in the design and implementation of school-based eating disorder curricula as school educators may inadvertently do more harm than good. It has also been suggested that female educators, as other women, are likely to possess a degree of normative discontent with their body shape and size, and that this dissatisfaction and negative beliefs about food may be unknowingly transferred to the learners within their care. The current study used an exploratory, descriptive research design to investigate the knowledge, attitudes and behaviours related to eating disorders, body image and weight control of a group of Life Orientation educators. A biographical questionnaire, a questionnaire designed for the purposes of the current research and two standardised paper-and-pencil questionnaires, namely the Body Shape Questionnaire (BSQ) and the Eating Attitudes Test (EAT), were administered to 50 female Life Orientation educators in the Nelson Mandela Metropole. A non-probability purposive sampling technique was used in the selection of participants and descriptive statistics were used to explore and describe the data. The results of the current research study indicated a lack of knowledge in those Life Orientation educators assessed regarding eating disorders and healthy diet. The results also indicated inaccurate knowledge amongst those educators assessed regarding effective and safe teaching practices of eating disorder pathology. The results of the two standardised questionnaires reflected an internalisation of the dominant societal ideals regarding weight and body shape, with 18% of the sample xi demonstrating attitudes and behaviours that could be indicative of eating disorder pathology of either clinical or subclinical proportions. Suggestions were made regarding future research and the need for further training of Life Orientation educators. Finally, the limitations as well as the value of the research were outlined.

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21

Joshua, Michelle D. "A model for the development of disordered eating among lesbians". Thesis, University of North Texas, 2002. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc3241/.

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It has only been in recent years that eating disorder researchers have begun focusing on sexual orientation as a variable that may affect prevalence rates. Heeding the call for studies that extend beyond identification of fixed eating disorder risk factors (e.g., gender), this study was designed to explore factors that contribute to the development of disordered eating among lesbians. In this study, a hypothesized Lesbian Model of Disordered Eating was tested using structural equation modeling. Lesbian Sexual Identity and Social Supports were hypothesized to positively influence Psychological Health. In addition, Internalization of U.S. Societal Norms of beauty and attractiveness was hypothesized to negatively affect Psychological Health. Psychological Health, in turn, was hypothesized to negatively influence Body Image Concerns. Body Image Concerns was then hypothesized to positively affect Disordered Eating. The fit of the model was evaluated and one of the hypothesized pathways, Internalization of Norms was moved to directly predict Body Image Concerns. After adjusting the model, the model accounted for 54% of the variance in disordered eating. Most notably, the results highlight the potential affects of adopting a positive lesbian identity on disordered eating and underscore the importance of including sexual identity as a demographic variable in studies of body image and disordered eating. Implications for counseling and directions for future research are discussed.

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22

Reiter, Miranda. "Self perceived gender role identity and development of eating disorders in women". View electronic thesis (PDF), 2009. http://dl.uncw.edu/etd/2009-1/reiterm/mirandareiter.pdf.

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23

Cavallero, Beth G. "Relationship among membership in recognized student organizations on body image satisfaction and eating behaviors of university students /". View online, 2004. http://repository.eiu.edu/theses/docs/32211131175911.pdf.

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24

Daniels, Katherine A. McCammon Susan. "Attitudes toward eating disorders and the role of body dissatisfaction in college women". [Greenville, N.C.] : East Carolina University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10342/1899.

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Thesis (M.A.)--East Carolina University, 2009.
Presented to the faculty of the Department of Psychology. Advisor: Susan McCammon. Title from PDF t.p. (viewed May 3, 2010). Includes bibliographical references.

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Duffy, Alan Wadsworth Danielle D. "Perfectionism, perfectionistic self-presentation, body comparisons, and disordered eating in Women's Artistic Gymnastics". Auburn, Ala, 2008. http://repo.lib.auburn.edu/EtdRoot/2008/SUMMER/Health_and_Human_Performance/Thesis/Duffy_Alan_30.pdf.

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Ngamanu, Robert Errol. "Body Image Attitudes amongst Māori and Pakeha Females". The University of Waikato, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10289/2459.

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Research has shown that body image plays a principle role in predicting the occurrence and extent of eating disordered symptomatology. The term 'body image' has multiple definitions but is most commonly used to refer to self-perceptions of body weight and shape. Evidence shows that Western socio-cultural beliefs encourage females to strive for an extremely thin, unrealistically small figure. The difficulties obtaining this thin-ideal have lead to the development of body image dissatisfaction (BID). Because the thin-ideal is a Western construct, BID was thought to effect only Western, White women, however, research shows that body image concerns and consequently eating pathology are appearing in non-Western, ethnic minority groups where they were once unknown. This has been attributed to increasing contact between ethnic minority groups and Western cultural mores. This would suggest that the degree of attachment a minority individual feels towards their ethnic identity is likely to moderate the development of BID and thus eating concerns. This thesis compared levels of body image dissatisfaction amongst ethnic groups in New Zealand, focussing particularly on Māori and Pakeha. No differences were found to exist amongst these groups with regards to body image dissatisfaction and eating pathology regardless of ethnic attachment. The information found has consequences for clinicians working with clients of Māori extraction and those researching body image dissatisfaction in New Zealand.

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Dinicola, Jennifer Ann, e Tamara Ann Pine. "Eating disorders and early attachment difficulties". CSUSB ScholarWorks, 1999. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/1937.

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28

Wendell, Johanna. "Psychological Flexibility and Eating Disorder Spectrum Problems". Digital Archive @ GSU, 2011. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/psych_theses/85.

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Problematic levels of eating disorder (ED) spectrum problems are becoming increasingly pervasive on college campuses, especially among female college students. Research suggests that ED cognitions and a lack of body image acceptance are linked to diminished psychological flexibility (PF), which is linked to ED and other negative health symptoms. Two hundred thirty-six undergraduates completed an online survey, and mediation analyses were conducted. PF fully mediated the relation between ED cognitions and non-specific psychiatric symptoms and partially mediated the link between ED cognitions and ED symptoms. PF also partially mediated the link between body image acceptance and non-specific psychiatric symptoms, but not the relation between body image acceptance and ED symptoms. Findings suggest that clinical symptoms and one’s coping style are both important factors to take into consideration in case conceptualization and treatment, and suggest that therapies such as ACT that target PF may be beneficial in treating ED spectrum problems.

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Moran, Patricia. "Whether or Not Television’s Depiction of Female Body Image Encourages Eating Disorders in Young Women". Thesis, Boston College, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2345/2529.

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Thesis advisor: William Stanwood
This research study seeks to answer the question of whether or not televisions advertisements’ depictions of female body image influences eating disorders in the young women who view such advertisements. The role of the cognitive processes social comparison theory and thin-ideal internalization was also explored as mediators in this relationship, as well as the efficiency of various programs aimed at correcting the problem of eating disorders in young women. Results were obtained by coding and observing the advertisements of various television programs popular among such a demographic. Messages encouraging thinness were recorded, as well as the percentage of thin actresses viewed. After analyzing the results and reviewing recent research on the problem, the conclusion was made there is likely a relationship between eating disorders and the depiction of the thin-ideal in advertising, however such a relationship is largely dependent on the female viewer herself, andmany other factors
Thesis (BA) — Boston College, 2011
Submitted to: Boston College. College of Arts and Sciences
Discipline: Communication Honors Program
Discipline: Communication

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Lydecker, Janet. "Hunger for Grace: The Association between Eating Disorders and Religiousness". VCU Scholars Compass, 2010. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/2039.

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Religiousness is one potential, understudied psychosocial correlate of eating disorders. To assess associations between religiousness and eating disorders, this study developed the Religious Attendance and Belief Scale (Rel-AB), and examined its psychometric properties. Women from a large population-based sample (N = 1510; M(age) = 42.5) completed subscales measuring (1) belief in a personal and loving God, and (2) attendance at religion-related activities, as well as eating disorder measures. Belief was negatively associated with eating disorder symptomatology among women meeting broadly defined criteria for bulimia nervosa. Eating disorders and religiousness were not associated in the overall sample, and associations were largely nonsignificant among participants meeting criteria for other eating disorders. Overall, results indicated that the Rel-AB Scale has good psychometric properties and is useful for the assessment of religiousness in both research and treatment settings. The utility of including religiousness in the conceptualization of an individual and potential treatment options is discussed.

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Wiechmann, Joy. "Longitudinal Course of Body Dissatisfaction in Undergraduate Females at Brigham Young University". Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2007. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd2053.pdf.

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32

Goel, Neha J. "CONCEPTUALIZATION OF BODY IMAGE AND EATING DISORDERS AMONG SOUTH ASIAN AMERICAN WOMEN: A QUALITATIVE INVESTIGATION". VCU Scholars Compass, 2019. https://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/6037.

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Though it is known that eating disorders (EDs) affect individuals of all racial/ethnic backgrounds (Cheng, Perko, Fuller-Marashi, Gau, & Stice, 2019), people of color tend to be overlooked in the ED literature. South Asian Americans, a specific subset of individuals traditionally categorized within the larger umbrella group of “Asians,” have been notoriously neglected in both the broader mental health literature, and in the ED literature (Inman, Devdas, Spektor, & Pendse, 2014; Iyer & Haslam, 2003, 2006). Currently, very little information exists on the etiology and presentation of EDs amongst South Asian communities. Even less is known about culturally-specific barriers to treatment-seeking for this population. To begin to address these issues, this study used focus group methodology with South Asian American women to identify salient themes. Thematic analysis revealed several key themes for body image and EDs, as well as perceived barriers and facilitators of ED treatment-seeking behavior for this group. Notably, South Asian American women are subjected to multiple appearance ideals, experience unique cultural stressors related to living in the United States, and perceive relatively high expectations and pressures from multiple social domains, including parents and community members. Both generalized and social stigma about mental health, parents’ mental health concerns, lack of knowledge about EDs, and healthcare providers’ biases were important barriers to treatment-seeking. To address these obstacles, participants recommended that clinicians facilitate intergenerational conversations about mental health, create ED psychoeducational health campaigns, and train providers in culturally-sensitive practices for detecting and treating mental health and ED concerns. Findings can inform the assessment, prevention, and treatment of EDs via the development of a culturally-sensitive ED assessment measure designed specifically for South Asian American women.

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33

Talwar, Ruchika. "Correlates and Predictors of Dysfunctional Eating Attitudes and Behaviours in a Non-clinical New Zealand Female Sample". Thesis, University of Canterbury. Psychology, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/2652.

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Abstract (sommario):

Eating disorders are among the most common psychological problems faced by women. Perfectionism, impulsivity and poor self-esteem have been identified as significant risk factors for the development and maintenance of eating disorders. Further, elevated body mass has been found to amplify the effect of these risk factors on the development of eating pathology. However, although the symptoms associated with eating disorders have been theorised to lie on a continuum with frank eating disorders at one end and normative eating concerns at the other, there is limited research and findings are mixed about the correlates and predictors of dysfunctional eating attitudes and behaviours in non-clinical populations. The present research contributes to a clearer understanding of risk factors associated with dysfunctional eating attitudes and behaviours in non-clinical populations. Correlational analyses in the present study indicated that dysfunctional eating attitudes and behaviours are associated with increased perfectionism, lowered self-esteem and elevated body mass. Regression analyses identified body dissatisfaction as a significant predictor of bulimic symptomatology. Further research is needed to extend these results. The current study found that dysfunctional eating attitudes and behaviours occur in non-clinical populations and are associated with similar risk factors to those associated with eating pathology in clinical populations. Further, it advocates the need for early detection and intervention of eating disturbances in at risk non-clinical samples, particularly in relation to body image dissatisfaction. Finally, it highlights the need for further research focussing on non-clinical samples in order to more clearly understand the correlates and predictors of dysfunctional eating attitudes and behaviours in these populations.

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34

WISSMAN-SCHWIEBERT, MICHELLE LEE. "A STUDY OF THE RELATIONSHIP OF DISORDERED EATING AND JOB STRESS, BODY IMAGE, FAMILY HISTORY OF DISORDERED EATING, BODY MASS INDEX, AND AGE AMONG NURSES IN THE STATE OF OHIO". University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2002. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1021984500.

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35

Lawrence, Christine M. "Racial and maternal influences on preadolescent females eating attitudes and body image /". free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 1997. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p9841315.

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36

Dorrer, Nike Cornelia. "Women, body and eating : a social representational study in British and Tobagonian cultural contexts". Thesis, University of Stirling, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/21460.

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Abstract (sommario):

In this thesis I explore women's engagement with body, weight and eating from a socio-cultural perspective. I discuss the limitations of current research on body dissatisfaction and propose that women's negative appraisal of their body needs to be understood as an active engagement with their social context. Research that focuses on the interaction of ethnic/cultural differences and body dissatisfaction seeks to clarify the interrelationship between femininity, gender and culture and suggests that women's dissatisfaction with their body is linked to levels of global Westernisation. My criticism of this research is that it conceptualises culture and social knowledge in a simplistic way. I propose social representations theory and the principles of dialogicality as an alternative research paradigm and argue that such an approach can overcome the dichotomy of individual and social, inner and outer. In order to explore the interaction of the subjective with the social in relation to the negative and positive appraisal of the body an interview study was conducted in two distinct cultural contexts. In depth interviews were conducted with 14 women in the UK and 12 women in Tobago, WI. The thema recognition/disrespect was used as an interpretative frame. The results show that the meanings that were assigned to the body interlinked with socially enacted representations of self, other and femininity. While the thema recognition/disrespect could be seen to be problematised through contradictory conditions of worth in the UK, it was the notion of 'disrespect' in interrelation with representations of others that was foregrounded in women's reflections in Tobago. In both research locations women negotiated constraining or contradictory demands of femininity and 're-presented' themselves through the construction of alternative identities.

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37

Moran, Kelsey. "Sport Factors, Body Image, and Eating Behaviors in College Student Athletes". Wright State University Professional Psychology Program / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wsupsych1530046312522231.

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38

Martin, Andrea Roxanne. "Family and media influence on perceived body image". CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2007. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/3078.

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Abstract (sommario):

This study has found that negative body image is present in third graders, as young as seven years of age. One interesting finding was that a high number of students who viewed body-oriented magazines had a negative body image.

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39

Fjelland, Lindsay. "Addressing eating disorders in schools prevention and identification efforts /". Online version, 2009. http://www.uwstout.edu/lib/thesis/2009/2009fjellandl.pdf.

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40

Brannan, Megan E. "The Relationship Between Body Dissatisfaction and Eating Disorder Symptomatology: An Examination of Moderating Variables". Thesis, University of North Texas, 2010. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc30439/.

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Abstract (sommario):

The purpose of this study was to examine whether Psychological Well-Being (comprised of self-esteem, optimism, satisfaction with life, and self-determination), perfectionism, body surveillance, and neuroticism moderated the relationship between body dissatisfaction and bulimic symptoms after controlling for social desirability and actual physical size. 847 female undergraduate students participated in the study. Participants completed an online questionnaire packet. An exploratory factor analysis determined that self-determination, optimism, self-esteem, and satisfaction with life loaded on to one factor representing Psychological Well-Being. Hierarchical moderated regression (HMR) was used to control for the influences of social desirability and body mass index on bulimic symptoms and then determine the main and interactive effects of body dissatisfaction and each moderator. Four variables (neuroticism, body surveillance, concern over mistakes, and doubts about actions) strengthened the relationship between body dissatisfaction and bulimic symptomatology, whereas Psychological Well-Being weakened the relationship. Parental expectations, parental criticism, and personal standards did not moderate the relationship between body dissatisfaction and bulimic symptomatology.

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41

Upadhyaya, Shrinkhala. "Detection of Eating Disorders Among Young Women: Implications for Development Communication". Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1521261916063295.

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42

Naku, Bulelwa. "Body perceptions of black female high school learners". Thesis, Cape Technikon, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/1914.

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Abstract (sommario):

Thesis (MTech (Education))--Cape Technikon, Cape Town, 2004
The majority of studies that have examined the prevalence of eating disorders have sampled women from western societies. Theoretical models have emphasised Western socio-cultural factors as central in the development of eating disorders. Consequently, eating disorders have been conceptualised as disorders from Western industrialised countries where white women experience social pressures toward thinness. Within these societies, white women are believed to be at risk of developing eating disorders, while black women are not exposed to the same social pressure regarding weight. In the literature, it has been argued that African women are 'protected" from developing eating disorders because traditionally a fuller figure has been more acceptable. However, findings from recent studies are beginning to reveal a considerable degree of body perception dissatisfaction among black women, indicating that this debate is far from settled. In the African-American culture, in terms of body perceptions, people are not expected to be all built to look alike. A full, yet healthy body has represented strength, power and prosperity in the African culture throughout history. However, the thin ideal for women seems to be spreading across all ethnic groups. Incorrect body perceptions, dissatisfaction with one's body's appearance and a drive to be thin can lead to erratic eating patterns such as self-starvation and purging, which in turn can result in eating disorders such as Anorexia and Bulimia Nervosa. In view of the above, this study investigated body perceptions among black female high school learners in the Cape Metropole. The participants were 702 girls between 13 and 19 years old in ex DET high schools in grades 8 to 11. The study attempted to determine participants' body weight dissatisfaction; whether they perceived themselves as overweight, underweight or of normal weight; and whether they expressed influence by the media, as well as family and peers, on their body perceptions. The sample was divided into two age groups, namely a younger group of 13 - 15 years and an older group of 16 - 19 years. The chi-square test was used to test the statistical significance of the data. The results revealed a statistically significant difference between the younger age group (13-15 years) and the older age group (16-19 years) regarding body weight dissatisfaction and body weight perceptions. Furthermore, the expressed influence by the media and family/peers also show statistically significant results.

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43

Peterson, Vanessa Margaret, e res cand@acu edu au. "Body Image and Dieting Behaviours: a Study of athletes and non-athletes". Australian Catholic University. School of Exercise Science, 2003. http://dlibrary.acu.edu.au/digitaltheses/public/adt-acuvp38.29082005.

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Abstract (sommario):

Research has shown that elite female athletes competing in competitive sports may experience weight consciousness and face demands to conform to unrealistic standards of body weight. The purpose of this research was to investigate body image and dieting behaviours in adolescent female athletes and non-athletes. A self-reporting questionnaire was administered to 60 athletes aged between 13-16 years derived from eight different sporting populations, and a control group consisting of 60 non-athletes or inactive individuals aged between 13-16 years. Two major areas relating to weight and eating behaviours were examined: disordered eating and distorted body image. Other variables under investigation included current attempts at weight loss, level of acceptance of thin female stereotypes promoted by the media, reasons for dieting, and perception of one’s own body image. Results indicated that the majority of the athletes displayed a positive body image and were generally happy with their overall body shape. This group was less likely to employ weight loss behaviours. However, the non-athletes were more likely to display distorted body image and distorted eating behaviours. Consistent with the cultural expectations of thinness, large proportions of the non-athletes wished to lose weight, even though their actual weight (i.e. Body Mass Index) was normal or underweight. Weight concerns in the non-athlete group related more to attaining a media driven “ideal” of femininity. The weight concerns recorded amongst a small number of athletes were related more to improving sporting performance. Although no clinically diagnosed cases of eating disorders were recorded, eating behaviours, weight reduction practices and body image beliefs indicated that the adolescent female non-athletes may be at risk of developing disordered eating and body image problems.

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44

Emery, Joanne Louise. "The perception and misperception of body image in eating disorder patients". Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.247851.

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45

Verbeek, Linda. "Therapists who self-identify as being 'recovered' : experiences working with body image disturbance and eating disorders". Thesis, Middlesex University, 2016. http://eprints.mdx.ac.uk/20831/.

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Abstract (sommario):

Female therapists who have recovered from past body image disturbance or an eating disorder are often drawn to working with others suffering with these problems. They may have a lot to offer in their work by having important insight into the healing process; however this client group may evoke various emotional and embodied feelings in the therapist, particularly in relation to body image, food and weight. By using an Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis method of qualitative enquiry, a sample of nine recovered female therapists was interviewed to explore the subjective experience and management of feelings and countertransference reactions that emerged with clients struggling with eating disorders and/or body image disturbance; as well as the self-support strategies they use alongside their work. Through an analysis and interpretation of the data, three master themes emerged: firstly, ‘Understanding the Struggle: A Shared Experience’ capturing the therapist’s personal understanding of the struggle; secondly, ‘Becoming Entangled: Old Feelings Resurfacing’ conveying the negative consequences for the recovered therapist when their own wounds became entangled with those of the client; and thirdly, ‘Self-Support Strategies: A Life-Long Healing Process’ which includes effective methods used by participants. The implications for practice include: the importance of recovered professionals nurturing their reflexive capacity to continually process and manage their subjective experiences and countertransference responses which are evoked in their work; the need for training courses to place greater emphasis on personal therapy as a course requirement, and the educating of trainees on the management of embodied experience in the therapy room, particularly when working with body issues; the importance of therapists having explored their issues in personal therapy, and being ‘recovered enough’ before working with an eating disorder or body image disturbance client group; the importance of regular supervision for support and reflection; and lastly the maintaining of recovery and wellbeing through ‘bio-psycho-social’ self-support strategies.

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46

Affleck, Deborah Jean. "Women's experiences of their bodies, understanding the connection between feminist consciousness, body image and eating disorders". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape7/PQDD_0020/NQ45632.pdf.

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47

Keith, Diana K. "Body Image Education as a Preventive Measure for Eating Disorders and Obesity in Ninth-Grade Students". DigitalCommons@USU, 2010. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/758.

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Abstract (sommario):

Obesity and eating disorders are major public health problems in the U.S. Prevention of these problems in childhood and adolescence is crucial to avoid medical complications and costs associated with these conditions. A growing body of research supports designing and implementing interventions to prevent obesity and eating disorders simultaneously by targeting common risk factors such as poor body image. This study explored the use of a body image education unit as a preventive measure for obesity and eating disorders. Ninth-grade students attending health class in a public school in Northern Utah (n = 117) were assigned to either an intervention or control group. At the end of a 3-week nutrition unit, the intervention group received a 3-day intervention designed to promote body image. Participants were surveyed at baseline, immediately following the nutrition unit and intervention, and at a 2-month follow-up. At post-test and follow-up, participants in the intervention group and the control group both self-reported improved body image and dietary practices. Modest improvements were seen in both the intervention and control groups. The intervention group did not have any advantage over the control group. It is recommended that future interventions be of greater intensity and longer duration in order to assess use of body image education to improve body image and dietary constructs. Interventions will have the greatest effect sizes if they target high risk individuals. Universal interventions targeting entire schools and communities are also recommended to help change environmental risk factors and reduce risk in those who may be at high risk but would not be included in a high risk grouping for a targeted intervention.

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48

VANN, BARBARA HOLCOMBE. "GENDER, SELF-PERCEPTION AND EATING BEHAVIOR". Diss., The University of Arizona, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/184190.

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Abstract (sommario):

This research, based on a random sample of undergraduates at the University of Arizona, is an exploration of the relationships between normative conformity, self-perception, and eating behavior. The goal of this study was to examine how norms governing appearance and sex roles contribute to a view of self that may result in serious eating problems. Three dimensions of self were included in the study: body image, control, and orientation to others. Specifically, it was hypothesized that overconformity would contribute to a self-concept defined in terms of negative body image, including a high degree of weight consciousness, strong need to exercise self-constraint, and high degree of orientation to others. In turn, this negative self image is likely to be associated with eating behavior which may be described as "weight obsessed," although not necessarily meeting clinical criteria for eating disorders. One of the major purposes of this research was to examine gender differences in the processes contributing to disturbances in eating behavior. It was hypothesized that definitions of the female and male self would have different outcomes in terms of eating behavior. It was also hypothesized that conformity to norms would be a more salient issue for females than for males. Findings of this research indicate that females experience more disturbed eating than males; that societal standards of appearance do affect eating behavior of both females and males, although this effect is greater for females; and that a self-concept defined in terms of negative body image, high weight consciousness, need for constraint, and feelings of failure/inadequacy contribute to problematic eating among females. These results imply that solutions to the problem of disordered eating must be examined in terms of social causes: specifically, current definitions of femininity, attractiveness, and self-concept.

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49

Vander, Wal Jillon S. "Predictors of body image : dissatisfaction in elementary-age school girls /". free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 1999. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p9951131.

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50

Yager, Karen M. "BODY IMAGE, BODY DISSATISFACTION, DIETING AND DISORDERED EATING AND EXERCISE BEHAVIOURS OF TRAINEE PHYSICAL EDUCATION TEACHERS: INVESTIGATION AND INTERVENTION". University of Sydney, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/2780.

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Abstract (sommario):

Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
University students are known to have a high prevalence of body dissatisfaction, dieting and disordered eating and exercise behaviours. Those enrolled in food and exercise related degree areas have been found to be particularly vulnerable. Part 1 of this study compared the body image, body dissatisfaction, dieting, disordered eating and exercise behaviours of first year male and female trainee physical education [PE; N = 295] teachers and undergraduates enrolled in non food and exercise related degree areas [Non PE; N = 207]. Male and female PE participants had a lower body image and higher body dissatisfaction and were significantly more likely to be dieting and engaging in disordered eating behaviours than Non PE participants. These findings provide empirical evidence of anecdotal suspicions that trainee physical education teachers are susceptible to body image problems and eating disorders; and create a demand for for intervention programs to improve the body image, body dissatisfaction, dieting and disordered eating and exercise behaviours of this population. Part 2 of this study involved the development of a dissonance and self esteem based (Intervention 1) and a dissonance, and media literacy based intervention that built self esteem and used computer technologies (Intervention 2) to be implemented into trainee physical education teachers’ [N= 170] undergraduate training. Both interventions were successful in improving the body image, and disordered eating behaviours of trainee PE teachers compared to a control group; which suggests that the inclusion of intervention programs in trainee teacher’s undergraduate training is both feasible and effective. Further research should investigate the effects of intervention programs to improve body image and eating behaviours among trainee physical education teachers; and male university students. The development of standardised measures and approaches toward the improvement of body image, body dissatisfaction and disordered eating and exercise behaviours that are specifically designed for males is also encouraged.

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