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Tesi sul tema "Bit quantique de spin de trou"
Bassi, Marion. "Résilience ajustable d'un spin de trou au bruit de charge". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Grenoble Alpes, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024GRALY018.
Testo completoSpin quantum bits (qubits) established in group-IV semiconductor quantum dots structures (QD) embody a promising platform for large-scale quantum processors leveraging on small footprint and compatible fabrication processes with mainstream semiconductor industry. In particular, hole particles recently gained attention as spin qubit platform as they enable fast and all-electrical manipulation due to their intrinsically large spin-orbit coupling. The latter coupling however stands as a two-edged sword as it also exposes the hole spin to undesired interactions with the surrounding environment, which in turn degrade the qubit coherence time. Over the past years, many efforts have been conducted to mitigate electrical noise influence stemming from the environment thus revealing the existence of preferential points of enhanced coherence time, named ``sweetspots'', depending on magnetic field orientation.In this manuscript, the emphasis is laid on the characterization of electrical noise contributions impacting a single hole spin qubit with respect to magnetic field orientation on a P-doped natural silicon-MOS architecture. The hole particle is spatially confined in a QD defined electrostatically within the device. Spin orientation is readout by radio-frequency reflectometry based on energy-selective readout method. We experimentally demonstrate that the reported ``sweetspots'' belong in fact to continuous ``sweetlines'' wrapped around the sphere of magnetic-field polar-angle components, in agreement with theoretical predictions. We also show that, in addition to extended coherence time, sweetline operation is compatible with efficient electric-dipole spin resonance with Rabi frequencies, f_R, comfortably exceeding 10 MHz, and a qubit quality factor Q = 2 f_R T_2^R as high as 690, competing with reported values for electrons. Our study evidences ample gate-voltage control of the sweetlines position in magnetic field, an aspect particularly relevant in the purview of scalability. Finally, the experimental investigation of such optimal operation points is extended to a two qubit system as a proof of concept underscoring the importance of sweetlines tuning for spin qubit systems
Shalak, Baker. "Modélisation de bit quantique en technologie de silicium". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lille (2022-....), 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023ULILN014.
Testo completoNoise sources are one of the critical factors that determine the performance of qubits in quantum computing applications. Noise sources refer to any external factors that can cause errors or decoherence in a qubit. In this thesis, we have simulated these effects in the case of a hole spin qubit in Silicon-On-Insulator (SOI) technology.Charge fluctuators are one of the major sources of noise in hole spin qubits. The presence of moving charges can introduce fluctuations in the electric field around the hole. Charge fluctuators may arise from impurities or defects in the oxide layers in the vicinity of silicon regions. They can induce random changes in the energy levels, wavefunctions and [dollar]g[dollar]-factors of the hole spin, causing errors or decoherence in the qubit.This makes it essential to study the impact of charge fluctuators on hole spin qubit. We simulate a quantum dot confining a single hole. The confinement is defined by electrostatic gates on a silicon nanowire channel. Our goal is to describe the qubit as realistically as possible compared to technologies which were recently developed and characterized. Our simulation takes into account the relaxation and the dephasing of the hole spin over time by combining Poisson and time-dependent Schr{"o}dinger equations to model a classical random telegraph signal. Our approach is able to describe the combined effects of fluctuating electric fields and spin-orbit coupling on the spin dynamics, without any free parameter.We show that the well-known two-level model effectively describes the dephasing time [dollar]T_2[dollar] over a broad range of frequencies [dollar]u[dollar] of the telegraph signal. When [dollar]u[dollar] is low, the decoherence is determined by the short time behavior of the spin precession phase which is then characterized by a non-Gaussian distribution, the coherence of the phase is lost as soon as the fluctuator changes state. The Gaussian description is only accurate above a threshold frequency [dollar]omega_{th}[dollar], when the two-level system responds to the statistical distribution of the fluctuator states. The dephasing time [dollar]T_2[dollar] at this threshold frequency can be significantly increased by adjusting the magnetic field orientation and gate potentials along "sweet" lines. However, we show that [dollar]T_2[dollar] cannot tend to infinity for reason which are discussed. The existence of "sweet" points is now an experimentally established fact. The simulations also show that the spin relaxation time [dollar]T_1[dollar] cannot be accurately described by the two-level model as the coupling to higher-energy hole levels greatly impacts the spin dynamics.We also study decoherence processes in the same hole spin qubit using the Bloch-Redfield theory. We show that this theory works well at high frequency [dollar]u[dollar], when the dynamics of the hole spin is slow compared to the fluctuations of its environment. Limits of the Bloch-Redfield theory at low frequency are identified
Venitucci, Benjamin. "Modélisation de la manipulation électrique des qubits de trou dans le silicium". Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020GRALY059.
Testo completoSpin quantum bits (qubits) are devices in which information is stored as a coherent superposition of two spin states of a particle. One of the perspectives of these devices is to exploit a massive parallelism allowed by such a superposition of solutions. The CEA Grenoble is studying in particular hole spin qubits in silicon, because their electrical manipulation is easier than electron qubits thanks to the strong spin-orbit coupling of the valence bands. This thesis thus focuses on the modeling of the electrical manipulation of these hole qubits. First of all, we introduce the k.p methods that describe the valence bands structure of silicon, and which allow to build numerical and analytical models. Then we present the experiments carried out by CEA Grenoble on these qubits derived from CMOS technologies. These experiments reveal the strong magnetic anisotropy of the Larmor and Rabi frequency, which respectively characterise the dynamic and the manipulation of the qubit. We introduce a gyromagnetic matrix formalism that completely describe these two frequencies.In addition, we show how symmetries impact the shape of this matrix, and how they explain the magnetic anisotropy of qubits. Next, we identify through numerical simulation, the microscopic mechanisms underlying the electrical manipulation of spin, which then allow us to build a minimal model for hole qubits. This model demonstrates that silicon is an ideal host material for a such qubit thanks to the strong anisotropy of its valence bands. Finally, we study numerically the impact of phonons on the lifetime of hole qubits. We show that the relaxation time is large enough to perform tens of thousand of operations despite the strong spin-orbit coupling
Thiele, Stefan. "Read-out and coherent manipulation of an isolated nuclear spin using a single-molecule magnet spin-transistor". Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2014. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00984973.
Testo completoThiney, Vivien. "Detection of travelling electrons in the Quantum Hall effect regime with a singlet-triplet quantum bit detector". Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017GREAY069/document.
Testo completoThe electron quantum optics field is a research topic with an interest growing over the years since the 80's and the first interference experiment with electrons. This field is dedicated to the implementation of quantum optics experiments with electrons instead of photon. The advantage is twofold, one is the fermion nature of the electrons which ensure the observation of phenomenon which cannot be observed with photon (boson), the anti-bunching of the electrons in correlation experiments contrary to the bunching for photons illustrates this point. The second advantage is the possibility to interact and control electrons with electric fields since they are charged particles. Such control does not exist with photon. In addition to these fundamental experiments, it has been recently demonstrated that this topic presents a possible candidate for quantum information with so called flying qubit. While the based components to mimic the quantum optics experiments are already demonstrated like the beam splitter, phase shifter or coherent single electron source, the single electron detection in a single shot manner in such system is still lacking. The difficulty being the short interaction time between the travelling charge and the charge detector, being of less than 1ns in such system where the electron propagate at the Fermi velocity 10-100km/s. This interaction is approximately two orders of magnitude shorter than what is required with the actual best on chip charge detector.In this thesis is presented the development of an ultra-sensitive detector for the single shot detection of an electron travelling at the Fermi velocity. Our strategy was to detect a single travelling electron propagating in the edge channels (ECs) of the quantum Hall effect by measuring the induced phase shift of a singlet-triplet qubit, referred as to the qubit detector. The single shot detection being only possible if the interaction with the travelling electron induces a complete π phase shift and the spin readout of the qubit detector being performed in a single shot manner.Thanks to the development and use of a RF-QPC the single shot spin readout of the qubit detector has been first demonstrated. Its development with the implementation of coherent exchange oscillations is then described. The charge sensitivity of the qubit detector is validated in an experiment consisting in recording a phase shift of these oscillations due to the interaction with an imposed flow of electrons in the ECs. This flow of electron was induced by a DC voltage bias applied on the ECs to tune their chemical potential.This qubit detector is then optimised for the single travelling charge detection. Its calibration has been implemented using the same imposed flow of electrons by application of a DC bias. This calibration provides the expected signal variation induced by the interaction with a single travelling electron, and indicates the impossibility to implement this detection in a single shot manner in our experimental conditions. Our detector exhibits a charge sensitivity estimated close to 8.10-5 e/Hz-1/2 for a detection bandwidth from DC to 1 THz. The sensitivity is close to two orders of magnitude smaller than required for a single shot detection. Finally this qubit detector has been employed to detect in average measurements an edge magneto plasmon composed by less than 5 electrons. However, the single electron level could not be reached in statistical measurement neither, the sensitivity of our qubit detector being too limited.The different limitations of our experiment are listed and explained with the presentation of different axes of development which could permit to succeed this detection in another experiment
Fras, François. "Étude de la dynamique de spin du trou dans les boîtes quantiques d'InAs/GaAs : pompage optique, relaxation, effets nucléaires". Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00839368.
Testo completoVernier, Eric. "Non compact conformal field theories in statistical mechanics". Thesis, Paris, Ecole normale supérieure, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ENSU0005/document.
Testo completoThe critical points of statistical mechanical systems in 2 dimensions or quantum mechanical systems in 1+1 dimensions (this also includes non interacting systems in 2+1 dimensions) are effciently tackled by the exact methods of conformal fieldtheory (CFT) and integrability, which have witnessed a spectacular progress during the past 40 years. Several problems have however escaped an exact understanding so far, among which the plateau transition in the Integer Quantum Hall Effect,the main reason for this being that such problems are usually associated with non unitary, logarithmic conformal field theories, the tentative classification of which leading to formidable mathematical dificulties. Turning to a lattice approach, andin particular to the quest for integrable, exactly sovable representatives of these problems, one hits the second dificulty that the associated CFTs are usually of the non compact type, or in other terms that they involve a continuum of criticalexponents. The connection between non compact field theories and lattice models or spin chains is indeed not very clear, and in particular it has long been believed that the former could not arise as the continuum limit of discrete models built out of acompact set of degrees of freedom, which are the only ones allowing for a systematic construction of exact solutions.In this thesis, we show that the world of compact lattice models/spin chains with a non compact continuum limit is much bigger than what could be expected from the few particular examples known up to this date. More precisely we propose an exact Bethe ansatz solution of an infinite family of models (the so-called $a_n^{(2)}$ models, as well as some results on the $b_n^{(1)}$ models), and show that all of these models allow for a regime described by a non compact CFT. Such models include cases ofgreat physical relevance, among which a model for two-dimensional polymers with attractive interactions and loop models involved in the description of coupled Potts models or in a tentative description of the quantum Hall plateau transition by somecompact geometrical truncation. We show that the existence of an unsuspected non compact continuum limit for such models can have dramatic practical effects, for instance on the output of numerical determination of the critical exponents or ofMonte-Carlo simulations. We put our results to use for a better understanding of the controversial theta transition describing the collapse of polymers in two dimensions, and draw perspectives on a possible understanding of the quantum Hall plateautransition by the lattice approach
Lemaitre, Aristide. "Étude en magnéto-absorption de puits quantiques semimagnétiques CdMnTe / CdMgTe en présence d'un gaz d'électrons bidimensionnel - Phénomènes de ségrégation aux interfaces CdTe / CdMnTe". Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 1999. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00645513.
Testo completo