Bibliografie tematiche / Biopolymer

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Letteratura scientifica selezionata sul tema "Biopolymer"

Autore: Grafiati
Pubblicato: 4 giugno 2021
Ultima modifica: 1 giugno 2024

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Articoli di riviste sul tema "Biopolymer"

1

Arrieta, Alvaro Angel, Jorge Alberto Ducuara e Enrique Miguel Combatt. "Valorization of cashew nut processing by-product: development of a cardol/starch biopolymer composite with electrochemical properties and technological potential". Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies 3, n. 6 (123) (30 giugno 2023): 32–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2023.282208.

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The problem of food agro-industry residues represents a growing concern in our society, therefore its use as a raw material to obtain biopolymers of technological interest is an attractive alternative. The objective of this work was to assess the viability of utilizing cardol, derived from cashew nut shell liquid, in the production of a biopolymer composite by combining it with cassava starch. The biopolymer composite was prepared by thermochemical method using different cardol concentrations and varying the synthesis pH. The results allowed us to demonstrate the formation of cardol/starch biopolymeric films. The infrared spectra showed possible interactions by hydrogen bonds between the cardol and the glucose units of the starch. The impedance behavior showed a similar conduction mechanism in all cases, allowing the establishment of a single equivalent circuit. The electrochemical parameters showed that the presence of cardol and the lower pH increased the values of the electrical resistance and the double layer capacitance in the biopolymers. In addition, the values of the CPE/Rre system, related to the electractivity, were not affected by the pH, but by the presence of cardol. The biodegradability tests showed a complete decomposition of the biopolymer composite films in three stages in a period of 17 to 19 days. It could be concluded that it is possible to use the cardol extracted from the cashew nut shell liquid to elaborate a biopolymer composite with electrochemical properties when combined with cassava starch. The electrical properties of the biopolymer can be modulated by varying the synthesis pH and the amount of cardol used. The composite cardol/starch biopolymer could be used as a biopolymeric solid electrolyte in the manufacture of batteries, capacitors, etc
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Aslam Khan, Muhammad Umar, Saiful Izwan Abd Razak, Wafa Shamsan Al Arjan, Samina Nazir, T. Joseph Sahaya Anand, Hassan Mehboob e Rashid Amin. "Recent Advances in Biopolymeric Composite Materials for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicines: A Review". Molecules 26, n. 3 (25 gennaio 2021): 619. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26030619.

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The polymeric composite material with desirable features can be gained by selecting suitable biopolymers with selected additives to get polymer-filler interaction. Several parameters can be modified according to the design requirements, such as chemical structure, degradation kinetics, and biopolymer composites’ mechanical properties. The interfacial interactions between the biopolymer and the nanofiller have substantial control over biopolymer composites’ mechanical characteristics. This review focuses on different applications of biopolymeric composites in controlled drug release, tissue engineering, and wound healing with considerable properties. The biopolymeric composite materials are required with advanced and multifunctional properties in the biomedical field and regenerative medicines with a complete analysis of routine biomaterials with enhanced biomedical engineering characteristics. Several studies in the literature on tissue engineering, drug delivery, and wound dressing have been mentioned. These results need to be reviewed for possible development and analysis, which makes an essential study.
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Arrieta, Alvaro A., Yamid Nuñez de la Rosa e Manuel Palencia. "Electrochemistry Study of Bio-Based Composite Biopolymer Electrolyte—Starch/Cardol". Polymers 15, n. 9 (23 aprile 2023): 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym15091994.

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The environmental problems generated by pollution due to polymers of petrochemical origin have led to the search for eco-friendly alternatives such as the development of biopolymers or bio-based polymers. The aim of this work was to evaluate the electrochemical behavior of a biopolymer composite made from cassava starch and cardol extracted from cashew nut shell liquid. The biopolymers were prepared using the thermochemical method, varying the synthesis pH and the cardol amounts. The biopolymers were synthesized in the form of films and characterized by cyclic voltamperometry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The biopolymers showed a rich electroactivity, with three oxidation–reduction processes evidenced in the voltamperograms. On the other hand, the equivalent circuit corresponding to the impedance behavior of biopolymers integrated the processes of electron transfer resistance, electric double layer, redox reaction process, and resistance of the biopolymeric matrix. The results allowed us to conclude that the cardol content and the synthesis pH were factors that affect the electrochemical behavior of biopolymer composite films. Electrochemical processes in biopolymers were reversible and involved two-electron transfer and were diffusion-controlled processes.
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Lemboye, Kehinde, e Abdullah Almajed. "Effect of Varying Curing Conditions on the Strength of Biopolymer Modified Sand". Polymers 15, n. 7 (28 marzo 2023): 1678. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym15071678.

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Recently, the improvement of the engineering properties of soil has been centered on using sustainable and eco-friendly materials. This study investigates the efficacy of three biopolymers: Acacia, sodium alginate, and pectin, on the unconfined compressive strength (UCS) of dune sand. The UCS test measured the effects of the biopolymer type and concentration, curing intervals and temperature, and moisture loss. The changes in the morphology caused by the biopolymer addition were examined via scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Results indicate that the UCS of the biopolymer-modified sand increased with biopolymer concentration and curing intervals. Varying the curing temperature from 25–110 °C, slightly affected the strength of the acacia-modified sand specimen, increased that of the sodium alginate-modified sand specimen up to a temperature of 85 °C, and continued to decrease that of the pectin-modified sand specimen as the temperature was increased from 25 to 110 °C. The SEM images indicated that the biopolymer’s presence within the sand pores significantly contributed to the strength. Bond decomposition occurs at temperatures greater than 110 °C for sodium alginate and pectin-modified sands, whereas bonds remain stable at higher temperatures for the acacia-modified sand. In conclusion, all three biopolymers show potential as robust and economic dune stabilisers.
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Fatehi, Hadi, Dominic E. L. Ong, Jimmy Yu e Ilhan Chang. "Biopolymers as Green Binders for Soil Improvement in Geotechnical Applications: A Review". Geosciences 11, n. 7 (15 luglio 2021): 291. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/geosciences11070291.

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Soil improvement using biopolymers has attracted considerable attention in recent years, with the aim to reduce the harmful environmental effects of traditional materials, such as cement. This paper aims to provide a review on the environmental assessment of using biopolymers as binders in soil improvement, biopolymer-treated soil characteristics, as well as the most important factors affecting the behavior of the treated soil. In more detail, environmental benefits and concerns about the use of biopolymers in soil improvement as well as biopolymer–soil interaction are discussed. Various geotechnical properties are evaluated and compared, including the unconfined compressive strength, shear strength, erosion resistance, physical properties, and durability of biopolymer-treated soils. The influential factors and soil and environmental conditions affecting various geotechnical characteristics of biopolymer-treated soils are also discussed. These factors include biopolymer concentration in the biopolymer–soil mixture, moisture condition, temperature, and dehydration time. Potential opportunities for biopolymers in geotechnical engineering and the challenges are also presented.
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Cigala, Rosalia Maria, Giovanna De Luca, Ileana Ielo e Francesco Crea. "Biopolymeric Nanocomposites for CO2 Capture". Polymers 16, n. 8 (11 aprile 2024): 1063. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym16081063.

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Carbon dioxide (CO2) impacts the greenhouse effect significantly and results in global warming, prompting urgent attention to climate change concerns. In response, CO2 capture has emerged as a crucial process to capture carbon produced in industrial and power processes before its release into the atmosphere. The main aim of CO2 capture is to mitigate the emissions of greenhouse gas and reduce the anthropogenic impact on climate change. Biopolymer nanocomposites offer a promising avenue for CO2 capture due to their renewable nature. These composites consist of biopolymers derived from biological sources and nanofillers like nanoparticles and nanotubes, enhancing the properties of the composite. Various biopolymers like chitosan, cellulose, carrageenan, and others, possessing unique functional groups, can interact with CO2 molecules. Nanofillers are incorporated to improve mechanical, thermal, and sorption properties, with materials such as graphene, carbon nanotubes, and metallic nanoparticles enhancing surface area and porosity. The CO2 capture mechanism within biopolymer nanocomposites involves physical absorption, chemisorption, and physisorption, driven by functional groups like amino and hydroxyl groups in the biopolymer matrix. The integration of nanofillers further boosts CO2 adsorption capacity by increasing surface area and porosity. Numerous advanced materials, including biopolymeric derivatives like cellulose, alginate, and chitosan, are developed for CO2 capture technology, offering accessibility and cost-effectiveness. This semi-systematic literature review focuses on recent studies involving biopolymer-based materials for CO2 capture, providing an overview of composite materials enriched with nanomaterials, specifically based on cellulose, alginate, chitosan, and carrageenan; the choice of these biopolymers is dictated by the lack of a literature perspective focused on a currently relevant topic such as these biorenewable resources in the framework of carbon capture. The production and efficacy of biopolymer-based adsorbents and membranes are examined, shedding light on potential trends in global CO2 capture technology enhancement.
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da Luz, Tayla Gabriela, Valber Sales e Raquel Dalla Costa da Rocha. "Evaluation of technology potential of Aloe arborescens biopolymer in galvanic effluent treatment". Water Science and Technology 2017, n. 1 (23 febbraio 2018): 48–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2018.082.

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Abstract Biopolymers have the ability to form gels that can be used in coagulation/flocculation processes. For this reason, the present work evaluated the application of the Aloe arborescens gel as a biopolymer in the treatment of the effluent generated in galvanic processes. The centesimal, thermogravimetric and texture profiles, as well as the functional groups and the biopolymer's performance in the treatment was analyzed. The performance results were evaluated by central composite rotational design 23. The variables biopolymer concentration, aluminum sulphate and initial pH of the effluent were significant at the confidence level of 95%. The Cr(VI) removal efficiency ranged from 6.37% to 37.74%; significant reductions in dissolved solids (89.80% to 94.13%) and suspended solids (71.06% to 90.00%) were also observed. The treated effluent still presents parameters above the regulatory limits stated by the legislation, therefore, the biopolymer could be used as initial treatment for solids removal.
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Ikumapayi, Omolayo M., Opeyeolu T. Laseinde, Adedayo S. Adebayo, Jesutoni R. Oluwafemi, Temitayo S. Ogedengbe, Stephen A. Akinlabi e Esther T. Akinlabi. "An Overview on recent trends in Biopolymer Base Composites for Tissue Regeneration". E3S Web of Conferences 391 (2023): 01085. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202339101085.

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This paper focused on the short review of biopolymer based composite for tissue regeneration. Biopolymers have been slowly introduced into medical applications as a result of their ability to be bio-degradable and to be easily made. By selecting the appropriate biopolymer containing the selected additives to facilitate the polymer-filler interaction, composites with the desired properties can be obtained. Interfacial interactions between biopolymers, and thus Nano-fillers, significantly control the mechanical properties of biopolymer composites and these biopolymer composites such as bone, cartilage, vascular implants, and others.
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Cherednichenko, Kirill, Dmitry Kopitsyn, Svetlana Batasheva e Rawil Fakhrullin. "Probing Antimicrobial Halloysite/Biopolymer Composites with Electron Microscopy: Advantages and Limitations". Polymers 13, n. 20 (13 ottobre 2021): 3510. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13203510.

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Halloysite is a tubular clay nanomaterial of the kaolin group with a characteristic feature of oppositely charged outer and inner surfaces, allowing its selective spatial modification. The natural origin and specific properties of halloysite make it a potent material for inclusion in biopolymer composites with polysaccharides, nucleic acids and proteins. The applications of halloysite/biopolymer composites range from drug delivery and tissue engineering to food packaging and the creation of stable enzyme-based catalysts. Another important application field for the halloysite complexes with biopolymers is surface coatings resistant to formation of microbial biofilms (elaborated communities of various microorganisms attached to biotic or abiotic surfaces and embedded in an extracellular polymeric matrix). Within biofilms, the microorganisms are protected from the action of antibiotics, engendering the problem of hard-to-treat recurrent infectious diseases. The clay/biopolymer composites can be characterized by a number of methods, including dynamic light scattering, thermo gravimetric analysis, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy as well as a range of microscopic techniques. However, most of the above methods provide general information about a bulk sample. In contrast, the combination of electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy allows assessment of the appearance and composition of biopolymeric coatings on individual nanotubes or the distribution of the nanotubes in biopolymeric matrices. In this review, recent contributions of electron microscopy to the studies of halloysite/biopolymer composites are reviewed along with the challenges and perspectives in the field.
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Frølund, B., K. Keiding e P. H. Nielsen. "A Comparative Study of Biopolymers from a Conventional and an Advanced Activated Sludge Treatment Plant". Water Science and Technology 29, n. 7 (1 aprile 1994): 137–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1994.0326.

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Biopolymer characteristics from a traditional and an advanced activated sludge treatment plant performing biological N and P removal were compared. The biopolymers were extracted using an ion exchange resin (DOWEX in Na-form). Differences between chemical compositions of the total sludges were observed by measuring protein, polysaccharide and uronic acids whereas differences in the same compounds were not found in the extracted biopolymers. High Pressure Size Exclusion Chromatography was performed on the two biopolymer matrixes and differences were found in the biopolymer matrixes. Biopolymers from the advanced treatment plant contained two fractions of large and hydrophobic compounds which contributed to a major fraction of the chromatogram area. These peaks could only to a minor extent be found in the extracted biopolymers from the traditional treatment plant.
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Più fonti

Tesi sul tema "Biopolymer"

1

Mousia, Zoe. "Structural and mechanical properties of biopolymer and biopolymer-sugar blends". Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.341972.

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Moffat, Jonathan. "Assembly of biopolymer multilayers". Thesis, University of East Anglia, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.435024.

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Simon, Mark David. "Fast flow biopolymer synthesis". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/117929.

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Abstract (sommario):
Thesis: Ph. D., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Chemistry, 2017.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 125-129).
This thesis describes the development and application of fast flow solid phase synthesis for the preparation of peptides and phosphorodiamidate morpholino oligomers (PMOs), as well as the application of fast, reliable peptide synthesis to study non-natural protein folding and function. In the first chapter, solid supported peptide synthesis was accelerated using flow by continuously delivering preheated solvents and reagents to the solid support at high flow rate, thereby maintaining maximal concentrations, quickly exchanging reagents, and eliminating the need to heat reagents after they were added to the vessel. In the second chapter, these chemical principles were expanded upon and mechanical challenges particular to accelerated solid phase synthesis were overcome to build a fully automated fast flow peptide synthesizer than incorporates amino acids in as little as 40 seconds each. First, mechanical systems were developed to rapidly switch between the many reagents needed for peptide synthesis while maintaining the proper stoichiometry of all reaction components at all times. Second, conditions under which reagents did not appreciably degrade during storage or synthesis were found. Finally, synthetic outcomes were substantially improved by increasing temperature without degrading the protected, resin bound peptide. The third chapter describes the expansion of fast flow synthesis to PMOs. A 10-fold acceleration of PMO synthesis was realized using mechanical systems adapted from chapter 1, increasing the reaction temperature to 90°C, and introducing a Lewis acid catalyst. The acidity of the deprotection reagent was reduced to prevent cleavage of the backbone during 3' detritylation. In the final chapter, a "D-scan" of two small proteins, the disulfide-rich Ecballium elaterium trypsin inhibitor II (EETI-II) and a minimized Z domain of protein A (Z33), is reported. For each protein, the chirality of one amino acid at a time was inverted to generate a series of diastereomers, and study the critical stereocenters of EETI-I and Z33. Twelve out of 30 EETI-II analogs folded and were high-affinity trypsin inhibitors, but most active analogs were less stable to reduction than EETI-II. Similarly, twelve Z33 analogs retained high binding affinity to IgG, but most were substantially less stable than WT-Z33.
by Mark David Simon.
Ph. D.
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4

Kvien, Ingvild. "Characterization of Biopolymer Based Nanocomposites". Doctoral thesis, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Department of Engineering Design and Materials, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-1479.

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The field of nanocomposites is gaining considerable attention due to its potential for providing new materials with extraordinary physical properties compared to traditional composite materials. In this thesis cellulose nanowhiskers (CNW) were separated from microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) and dispersed in different biopolymer matrices to obtain polymer nanocomposites based on renewable resources. Moving from microstructure to nanostructure creates new challenges for structure characterization of materials. The overall aim of this work was to characterize the structure of CNW and their nanocomposites with different matrices. The sample preparation and microscopic examination of the bionanocomposites showed to be challenging because they are non-conductive, soft and water sensitive materials and consist of low atomic number elements. In the studies field emission scanning electron microscope was found to be a convenient and important first step in the analysis of the nanocomposite structure. More detailed information about the distribution of CNW was however obtained using transmission electron microscope (TEM) and atomic force microscope. X-ray diffraction analysis showed that the MCC consisted of both amorphous and crystalline regions. The sulfuric acid isolation treatment removed the amorphous regions and separated the cellulose nanowhiskers. From TEM analysis the size of the whiskers was measured to be 210 ± 75 nm in length and 5 ± 2 nm in width. It was also possible to separate the CNW from MCC using dimethyl acetamide containing a small amount of LiCl. It was however difficult to remove the organic solvent after treatment. CNW were well distributed in a hydrophobic matrix by the aid of a surfactant. Untreated CNW or untreated layered silicates in a thermoplastic starch matrix resulted in well dispersed nanocomposites. It was further found that it was possible to obtain oriented CNW in a matrix after exposure to a magnetic field. The dynamic mechanical thermal analysis of the different nanocomposites in this thesis showed that well dispersed cellulose whiskers have a large potential for improving the thermal mechanical properties of biopolymers.


Paper VII: The original publication is available at www.springerlink.com
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Puaud, Max. "Mechanical properties of biopolymer films". Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2000. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/11624/.

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Hard gelatin capsules have been used for drug delivery for a long time. The current production process takes advantage of the very unusual properties of gelatin: gelation, very low viscosity, film mechanical properties and film solubility. Although the hard gelatin capsules present many advantages compared to other drug delivery systems, their uses are restricted because of the animal origin of the gelatin. A HPMC gelling agent system is currently used for producing animal product free hard capsules. This work examines the possibility of using a different system in a similar production process. The gelling conditions of the mixed system, the potential of various film formers and the mechanical properties of some films are considered. Gelling agent filler mixed systems were prepared, and the limit concentration of filler that allowed gelation was noted. It was shown that none of the gelling agents would always gel and gelation was never prevented by the maltodextrin (up to a concentration of 14%). The gelation inhibition obtained is likely to be due to phase separation. The charge densities of the various products were also measured. It showed that when there is little charge density difference, gelation is inhibited. Polymer compatibility is increased by increasing the charge density differences. However, an asymmetry is observed. This is explained by the necessary shift of the binodal that would predict prevention of incompatibility. Many films were cast from various biopolymers. The films were screened via sensory analysis. The process allowed to define terms that discriminate the films. The results showed that cellulose derivatives, alginate and alginate derivative films had sensory analysis scores similar to gelatin. Although none of the starch derivatives had such good scores, some presented some promising results. Alginate and caseinate films were selected for further analysis. The mechanical properties of gelatin and HPMC films were compared by puncture tests. The results at a relative humidity of 44% are similar. However, the effect of the moisture content on both films' mechanical properties showed differences. The fracture patterns and polarised microscopy observation were also very different. Alginate films' mechanical properties were similar to gelatin. However, alginate films are not soluble in acidic environments. The effects of molecular weight on the mechanical properties of cellulose derivatives and alginates films were different. Increasing the calcium content of the alginate sample gave similar results to those obtained by increasing the molecular weight. It is proposed that ultimate deformation occurs through different processes in various films. Alginate/gelatin films are thought to deform through crazing, and the fracture process generates many surfaces (lines). Molecular weight and crosslinking would stabilise the crazes. On the other hand, cellulose derivative would deform through slippage and the energy is dissipated during deformation. This is consistent with the orientation observed after fracture, the lack of new surfaces and the high hydrophobicity of these polymers. Caseinate films of sodium, potassium, calcium and magnesium were studied. Sodium caseinate presented the best mechanical properties. Glycerol proved to be the best plasticiser. Glyoxal crosslinking or increase in pH did not improve the mechanical properties of these films. Caseinate films are poorer than alginate, HPMC or gelatin films. Caseinate deformation processes might occur through both slippage and crazing owing to the low molecular weight and high hydrogen bonding ability. Overall, different deformation processes can lead to similar mechanical behaviour. None of the films studied is likely to replace gelatin or HPMC. More complex systems are proposed for further study.
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Muguda, Viswanath Sravan. "Biopolymer Stabilised Earthen Construction Materials". Thesis, Pau, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PAUU3027.

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Les constructions en terre crue, soit fabriquées à partir de sol, sont considérées comme des constructions durables en raison de leur faible empreinte environnementale : les matériaux de construction à base de terre crue non stabilisée ont une faible énergie intrinsèque, d'excellentes propriétés hygroscopiques et un fort potentiel de recyclage. Cependant, sous cette forme, les matériaux sont susceptibles de se détériorer au contact de l’eau. Ainsi, les éléments de constructions modernes en terre crue utilisent du ciment pour améliorer leur durabilité, mais entachent de ce fait leurs propriétés hygroscopiques et leur potentiel de recyclable. Il est donc impératif de développer des solutions alternatives à l’incorporation de ciment, pouvant améliorer la résistance à l’eau sans pour autant compromettre les propriétés qui constituent les atouts de ces matériaux durables. Ces travaux de doctorat étudient l'utilisation de deux biopolymères, la gomme de guar et le xanthane, comme stabilisants naturels pour les matériaux de construction en terre crue. Dans un premier temps, une campagne expérimentale a été menée pour comprendre le mécanisme de stabilisation de la terre par ces biopolymères et optimiser cette technique. Les résultats révèlent que la nature intrinsèque des biopolymères induit la formation d’hydrogels qui participent à renforcer le matériau et à modifier les phénomènes de succion. L’addition d’environ 2,0 % de biopolymère en masse de sol sec est suffisant pour obtenir un comportement mécanique comparable à la stabilisation au ciment à un taux de 8,0 %. Afin de mieux caractériser l’influence des biopolymères, les propriétés hydrauliques et mécaniques des sols ainsi stabilisés ont été étudiées. Les tests de caractérisation prouvent que, pour une même gamme de teneur en eau, la succion des sols stabilisés par les biopolymères est supérieure à celle des sols non stabilisés. Les courbes de rétention d'eau sol démontrent que la valeur d'entrée d'air est augmentée en présence des biopolymères, ce qui affecte la distribution de la taille des vides. Les paramètres de résistance au cisaillement ont été obtenus par des essais triaxiaux à teneur d’eau constante. Les deux biopolymères ont un effet significatif, et pourtant différent, sur la cohésion du sol et l'angle de friction interne. Dans le temps, la modification de résistance des sols stabilisés à la gomme de guar est liée à la variation de la composante de friction, tandis que pour les sols stabilisés à la gomme de xanthane cette variation est pilotée par la cohésion du sol. L'analyse microstructurale par micro tomographie X-RCT montre que les biopolymères favorisent l’agglomération des particules de sol, ce qui modifie la porosité globale. Les courbes de distribution de la taille des vides obtenues par balayage XRCT confirment les résultats des essais de succion. Pour finir, les performances en termes de durabilité de ces matériaux de construction stabilisés aux biopolymères en présence d'eau ont été validées par différents tests ainsi que leur potentiel de recyclage. Il apparait donc que l'utilisation de ces biopolymères comme stabilisant améliore la résistance mécanique des matériaux en terre crue et leur durabilité ; et que contrairement à la stabilisation au ciment le comportement hygroscopique est conservé - voire amélioré-, ainsi que le potentiel de recyclage
Earthen structures (i.e. structural units manufactured from soil) are often regarded as sustainable forms of construction due to their characteristically low carbon footprint. Unstabilised earthen construction materials have low embodied energy, excellent hygroscopic properties and recycling potential. However, in this form, the material is susceptible to deterioration against water ingress and most modern earthen construction materials rely on cement to improve their durability properties. Using cement leads to compromises in hygroscopicproperties and recyclability potential. In this situation, it is imperative to look for alternatives to cement, which can address these issues without compromising on the desired engineering properties of these materials. This thesis explores the use of biopolymers, namely guar and xanthan gum, as stabilisers for earthen construction materials. As an initial step, an experimental campaign was undertaken to understand biopolymer stabilisation and optimise their use to stabilise earthen construction materials. The results from this campaign reveal that biopolymer stabilised soils derive their strength through a combination of soil suction and hydrogel formation. The intrinsic chemical properties of the biopolymer affect the nature of hydrogel formation and in turn strength. In a subsequent campaign of experimental work, hydraulic and mechanical properties of these biopolymer stabilised soils were determined. The hydraulic properties of the biopolymer stabilised soils indicate that for the range of water contents, the suction values of biopolymer stabilised soils are higher than unamended soils. The soil water retention curves suggest that both biopolymers have increased the air entry value of the soil while affecting the void size distribution. Shear strength parameters of biopolymer stabilised soils were obtained through constant water triaxial tests, and it was noted that both biopolymers have a significant and yet different effect on soil cohesion and internal friction angle. With time, guar gum stabilised soils derive strength through the frictional component of the soil strength, while xanthan gum stabilised soil strength has a noticeable contribution from soil cohesion. Macrostructural analysis in the form of X-RCT scans indicate that both biopolymers form soil agglomerations and increase overall porosity. The void size distribution curves obtained from XRCT scanning complement the findings of the suction tests. As a final study, the performance of biopolymer stabilised earthen construction materials was assessed as a building material. Durability performance of these materials against water ingress was evaluated, and it was noted both biopolymers provide satisfactory stabilisation to improve the erosional resistance of the material. In conclusion, unlike cement, biopolymer stabilised earthen materials do not compromise on hygroscopic properties and have better mechanical performance than unamended earthen construction materials. Finally, recyclability tests suggest that apart from improving the strength, durability and hygroscopic properties of the material, biopolymer stabilised earthen construction materials have a better potential for recycling without any environmental concerns
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Kubalová, Barbora. "Fázově separované systémy biopolymer-lipid". Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta chemická, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-240581.

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This diploma thesis deals with experimental study of interaction based on polymer-lipid system. The main goal was to investigate interaction leading to phase separation. Three anionic polyelectrolytes were selected for this purpose: sodium hyaluronate, sodium chondroitin-6-sulfate and sodium poly(4-styrenesulfonate). The liposomes were formulated by sonication of lipid – cationic 1,2-dipalmitoyl-3-trimethylamonium-propane (chloride salt) and zwitterionic 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-phosphocholine. It was found that the phase separation occured at specific ratio of DPTAP and selected polymer. It was also explored that the strong electrostatic interaction which leads to the phase separation can be weaken by increasing the ionic strength in the sample. As we aspected the systems contain the hydrophobic domain and therefore these are able to incorporate hydrophobic substances in their structure.
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Edmonds, Christopher Michael. "Computational investigations of biopolymer translocation through nanopore devices". Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/50260.

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Nanopores (1 – 10 nm diameter) constructed in solid-state membranes, have shown promise as next-generation biopolymer analysis devices offering both high resolution and high throughput. One promising application of nanopores is in the analysis of nucleic acids, such as DNA. This involves translocation experiments in which DNA is placed in an ionic solution and is forced through a nanopore with the aid of an applied electric field. The modulation of ionic current through the pore during DNA translocation can then be correlated to various properties of the biopolymer such as the length. To optimally design and operate nanopore devices, it would be advantageous to develop an accurate computer simulation methodology to predict the physics of the translocation process. Hence, I have developed a physically accurate, computationally efficient simulation methodology to predict and analyze the physics of biopolymer translocation through solid-state (silicon nitride) nanopores. The overall theme of this thesis is to use this simulation methodology to thoroughly investigate important issues in the physics underlying translocation experiments and thereby determine the effects of key structural and operation parameters, such as nanopore dimensions, applied voltage, hydrodynamic interactions, solvent viscosity, and the polymer chain length. The results from these simulation studies can assist in not only proper nanopore design, but also help determine the proper experimental environments and parameters for nanopore operation.
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Bondeson, Daniel. "Biopolymer-based Nanocomposites : Processing and Properties". Doctoral thesis, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Department of Engineering Design and Materials, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-1923.

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The aim of this study was to produce biopolymer-based nanocomposites using extrusion as an industrially adaptable manufacturing process, and to study how this production process influenced the structure and properties of the nanocomposites produced. Cellulose nanowhiskers (CNWs) were prepared and used as nanoreinforcement in two different biopolymers, polylactic acid (PLA) and cellulose acetate butyrate (CAB). The CNWs were added to PLA and CAB in order to improve the thermal and mechanical properties of these polymers. Two different preparation methods of CNWs were used; isolation by sulfuric acid hydrolysis and isolation by hydrochloric acid hydrolysis. Different feeding procedures were used and evaluated during compounding. The CNW suspension was either freeze-dried and dry-mixed with the polymer prior the extrusion, or fed as a suspension directly into the extruder during compounding. However, the CNW suspension required modification in order to prevent re-aggregation of the whiskers as the dispersing medium was removed and to uniformly disperse the whiskers in the polymer matrix. In order to improve the dispersion of the CNWs in the matrix, a surfactant and a water soluble polymer were used for PLA, and a plasticizer was used for CAB. No major improvements in mechanical or thermal properties were seen for the PLA/CNW nanocomposites, either because of degradation of the matrix or poor dispersion of the whiskers. The material system of CAB/CNW was more successful and showed great improvements in mechanical and thermal properties. This study demonstrated that it is possible to produce nanocomposites by pumping a suspension of CNWs into the extruder during compounding, but compatibility between the CNWs and the matrix is required.

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Morris, Eliza. "Mechanics and Dynamics of Biopolymer Networks". Thesis, Harvard University, 2014. http://dissertations.umi.com/gsas.harvard:11647.

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The three major mechanical components of cells are the biopolymers actin, microtubules, and intermediate filaments. Cellular processes are all highly reliant on the mechanics of the specific biopolymers and the networks they form, rendering necessary the study of both the kinetics and mechanics of the cytoskeletal components. Here, we study the in vitro mechanics of actin and composite actin/vimentin networks, and the effect of various actin-binding proteins on these networks.
Engineering and Applied Sciences
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Libri sul tema "Biopolymer"

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Dufresne, Alain, Sabu Thomas e Laly A. Pothen, a cura di. Biopolymer Nanocomposites. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118609958.

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Renard, Denis, Guy D. Valle e Y. Popineau, a cura di. Plant Biopolymer Science. Cambridge: Royal Society of Chemistry, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/9781847551672.

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S, Németh Tamás, a cura di. Biopolymer research trends. New York: Nova Science Publishers, 2007.

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C, Sánchez Pablo, a cura di. Progress in biopolymer research. New York: Nova Science Publishers, 2007.

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Sharma, Bhasha, e Purnima Jain, a cura di. Graphene Based Biopolymer Nanocomposites. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-9180-8.

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Azzaroni, Omar, e Igal Szleifer. Polymer and Biopolymer Brushes. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119455042.

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Introduction to biopolymer physics. Hackensack, N.J: World Scientific, 2007.

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Hollander, Anthony P., e Paul V. Hatton. Biopolymer Methods in Tissue Engineering. New Jersey: Humana Press, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1385/159259428x.

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Biopolymer engineering in food processing. Boca Raton, FL: Taylor & Francis, 2012.

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Sharma, Sanjay K., e Ackmez Mudhoo, a cura di. Handbook of Applied Biopolymer Technology. Cambridge: Royal Society of Chemistry, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/9781849733458.

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Capitoli di libri sul tema "Biopolymer"

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Abdul Khalil, H. P. S., M. R. Nurul Fazita e N. Mohd Nurazzi. "Biopolymer Composites". In Biopolymers and Biopolymer Blends, 1–104. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003416043-1.

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Abdul Khalil, H. P. S., M. R. Nurul Fazita e N. Mohd Nurazzi. "Applications of Biopolymer Blends and Biopolymer-Based Nanocomposites". In Biopolymers and Biopolymer Blends, 193–253. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003416043-5.

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Abdul Khalil, H. P. S., M. R. Nurul Fazita e N. Mohd Nurazzi. "Characteristics and Performance of Emerging Biopolymers from Sugar Palm Starch for Packaging". In Biopolymers and Biopolymer Blends, 308–30. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003416043-9.

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Abdul Khalil, H. P. S., M. R. Nurul Fazita e N. Mohd Nurazzi. "Crosslinking Networks of Functional Biopolymer Hydrogels". In Biopolymers and Biopolymer Blends, 357–65. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003416043-11.

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Abdul Khalil, H. P. S., M. R. Nurul Fazita e N. Mohd Nurazzi. "Biodegradation and Compostable Biopolymers". In Biopolymers and Biopolymer Blends, 105–24. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003416043-2.

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Abdul Khalil, H. P. S., M. R. Nurul Fazita e N. Mohd Nurazzi. "State-of-the-Art Natural Biopolymers for Bionanocomposites". In Biopolymers and Biopolymer Blends, 125–60. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003416043-3.

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Abdul Khalil, H. P. S., M. R. Nurul Fazita e N. Mohd Nurazzi. "Biopolymers in 3D Printing Technology". In Biopolymers and Biopolymer Blends, 161–92. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003416043-4.

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Abdul Khalil, H. P. S., M. R. Nurul Fazita e N. Mohd Nurazzi. "Biopolymers for Drug Delivery Applications". In Biopolymers and Biopolymer Blends, 331–56. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003416043-10.

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Abdul Khalil, H. P. S., M. R. Nurul Fazita e N. Mohd Nurazzi. "Seaweed-Based Biopolymers for Sustainable Applications". In Biopolymers and Biopolymer Blends, 284–307. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003416043-8.

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Abdul Khalil, H. P. S., M. R. Nurul Fazita e N. Mohd Nurazzi. "Starch-Based Films with Essential Oils for Antimicrobial Food Packaging". In Biopolymers and Biopolymer Blends, 254–72. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003416043-6.

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Atti di convegni sul tema "Biopolymer"

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FRITH, W. J., e I. T. NORTON. "MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF MODEL COMPOSITES PRODUCED FROM FOOD BIOPOLYMERS: INFLUENCE OF BIOPOLYMER-BIOPOLYMER INTERFACIAL PROPERTIES". In Proceedings of the Fifth Royal Society–Unilever Indo-UK Forum in Materials Science and Engineering. A CO-PUBLICATION OF IMPERIAL COLLEGE PRESS AND THE ROYAL SOCIETY, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9781848160163_0019.

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Wang, Ning, Xingxiang Zhang, Zhijun Qiao e Haihui Liu. "Solid biopolymer electrolytes came from renewable biopolymer". In Second International Conference on Smart Materials and Nanotechnology in Engineering, a cura di Jinsong Leng, Anand K. Asundi e Wolfgang Ecke. SPIE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.835504.

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Hung, Yu-Chueh. "DNA Biopolymer Photonics". In 2018 International Conference on Optical MEMS and Nanophotonics (OMN). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/omn.2018.8454461.

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Howard, S., e Montogomery, TX. "Long-term Coreflood Testing with Biopolymers—A Laboratory Investigation Showing How Return Permeability Improves From 0 to 100 Percent by Getting a Critical Parameter Right". In SPE International Conference and Exhibition on Formation Damage Control. SPE, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/217909-ms.

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Abstract A series of long-term coreflood tests has shown the importance of considering the self-breaking rate of biopolymers when designing coreflood tests of low-solids and solids-free brine-based drilling and completion fluids that naturally contaminate the core plug with biopolymers during testing. The tests were conducted with a solids-free potassium formate brine–based reservoir drilling fluid, formulated with xanthan gum and starch, which when exposed to overbalanced pressure, invaded deep into the core plug. The coreflood test simulated filtrate invasion into a water-saturated formation while drilling an injection well. In this scenario the core plug was initially 100% saturated with formation water, and return permeability was measured by injecting formation water through the core in the same direction as the test fluid filtrate invasion. Testing was conducted at two temperatures, 121 and 149°C (250 and 300°F). At both test temperatures there was a very good correlation between the cleanup or permeability recovery rate of the core plug and the biopolymer self-breaking rates, which had been measured in an earlier study. Due to the low cleanup rate at the lowest temperature, this test was terminated as soon as the cleanup rate was fully established, and the testing was continued at the higher temperature until the permeability had reached close to 100% of its initial value. The initial 49-hours cleanup with formation water at 121°C (250°F) resulted in a return permeability to formation water of only 3.8%, explaining why laboratory coreflood tests with low-solids/solids-free brine-based drilling and completion fluids containing biopolymeric additives are generally unable to reproduce or predict the excellent well performance the same fluids deliver in the field after days, weeks, or months of steady clean-up. The results also give us useful insights into what to expect when such fluids are used to drill injection wells. Although the biopolymer self-breaking rate is much higher in the low-salinity injection water, it takes time for biopolymers to break down enough in the protective ionic environment of the formate brine for the filtrate to be diluted and displaced locally by the flow of injection water. The desire to reduce fluid screening and qualification costs unfortunately often means that reservoir drilling and completion fluid selection decisions are based on the results of short-term coreflood tests. This may be the correct procedure for fluids that cause permanent intractable damage from solids plugging. However, for solids-free or low-solids fluids containing self-breaking biopolymers, relying on such short-term tests can mean that the wrong fluid selection decisions are made.
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Zhou, Bin, Sung Jin Kim, Carrie M. Bartsch, Emily M. Heckman, Fahima Ouchen e Alexander N. Cartwright. "Optical properties of DNA-CTMA biopolymers and applications in metal-biopolymer-metal photodetectors". In SPIE NanoScience + Engineering, a cura di Norihisa Kobayashi, Fahima Ouchen e Ileana Rau. SPIE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.892857.

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Anchidin-Norocel, Liliana, Gheorghe Gutt e Sonia Amariei. "VOLTAMMETRIC BEHAVIOR AND DETERMINATION OF NICKEL IONS USING BIOPOLYMERS FOR RECEPTOR IMMOBILIZATION". In 23rd SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference 2023. STEF92 Technology, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2023v/6.2/s25.58.

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Voltammetry is an electrochemical technique widely used in quantitative analysis to determine nickel ions in food samples due to its excellent stability. Knowing the exact applied levels of metals such as nickel in different food samples is very important to prevent high nickel consumption, especially in people with allergies and nickel excess. Electrochemical analytical methods appear to be an alternative with many advantages, including high sensitivity, low detection limits on the g/L scale, ease of use, and simple sample preparation. This study describes the voltammetric behavior of nickel biosensors using biopolymers such as agar, chitosan, alginate, and carrageenan, to immobilize the receptors and investigates the analytical performance using three biopolymer concentrations. The analytical performance of screen-printed carbon electrodes (SPEs) immobilized with the biopolymer-biosensor combinations was analyzed by linear sweep voltammograms (LSVs). The voltammetric behavior favored the method using carrageenan in terms of linear sweep voltammetry (LSV) performance characteristics with sensitivities of 6.79 for 0.5%, and 6.87 for 1% (?A Mm-1 cm-2).
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Houston, Kirsty Ann, Niall Fleming, Julya Jennifer Bonkat, Havard Kaarigstad, Jonathan Barclay, Russell Watson e Patrick Viste. "Innovative Water Based Mud Design to Improve Formation Damage Results on Mariner Field". In SPE International Conference and Exhibition on Formation Damage Control. SPE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/208844-ms.

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Abstract The Mariner Field consists of two shallow heavy oil reservoir sections: the deeper Maureen Formation and the shallower Heimdal Reservoir. Produced water is re-injected through stand-alone screens providing pressure maintenance for the aquifer support and producer well life longevity. The challenge is to design a drill-in fluid for the injectors to allow matrix injection across the sand face. This improves the longevity of the lower completion screens by reducing hot spot completion damage created by the injection fluid (Yildiz, 2004). It also improves the pressure support for the producing wells. Equinor is committed to using sustainable, environmentally sound drilling fluid options. Therefore, the preference was to utilize a water-based drilling fluid with the application of a breaker after the lower completion was in place. A significant formation damage study was performed using various designs of water-based fluids. Each formulation utilized a biopolymer to provide viscosity and rheological support. The sands were unconsolidated and sand packs had to be created to mimic the reservoir characteristics of the Maureen reservoir. This potentially impacted the formation damage interpretation. From the formation damage study, biopolymer was highlighted as a limiting damage mechanism. This prompted both Equinor and Schlumberger to look at alternative ways to provide rheological support without using biopolymers. A mono-valent biopolymer free reservoir drill-in fluid was designed specifically for this challenging high Darcy reservoir to mitigate the formation damage seen from coreflooding. This paper will detail the design, testing, diagnostic analysis of the formation damage mechanism and the new biopolymer free fluid. Together they showed a step change improvement in the formation damage testing. In addition, the paper will also detail the deployment of the new fluid on Mariner. Furthermore, it will describe how the laboratory design translated into large scale plant mixing with deployment at the rig site.
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Kadak, Ali Eslem. "Chitosan; A Novel Adsorbent for CO2 Capture". In 3rd International Congress on Engineering and Life Science. Prensip Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.61326/icelis.2023.66.

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Carbon dioxide is a chief greenhouse gas found as the main combustion product of fossil fuel, which is responsible for environmental changes such as the increase in atmospheric temperatures, melting of glaciers, rising sea levels, and increasing acidity of the oceans. A comprehensive technology was developed for the absorption of CO2 based on chemical absorption. But to mitigate climate change, developing new efficient strategies and technologies must receive considerable attention. CO2 adsorption using biopolymer natural and abundant materials is considered as an alternative technology in commercial and industrial applications due to its generally low energy requirements, ease of operation, and low maintenance. Chitosan within natural biopolymers has been intensively studied recently for CO2 adsorption. Chitosan may be used in CO2 adsorption having low energy necessity, ease of processability, and low maintenance and, thus, may be deliberate as a substitute technology in commercial and industrial applications. Chitosan (poly-β-1.4-2-amino-2-deoksi-β–D-glucopyranose) is derived by deacetylation of chitin. Chitin (β-1,4-poly-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine) is a natural biopolymer, and its production in biomass of up to 1012 tons/year makes it one of the most abundant polysaccharides on Earth. It is the main component of the cell walls of fungi, exoskeletons of arthropods such as crustaceans (crabs, lobsters, shrimps, etc.) and insects. Due to its biodegradability, renewability, biocompatibility, non-toxic, and non-antigenicity, chitosan is a green material. In this research, studies on CO2 adsorption of chitosan biopolymer were investigated.
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Bedford, Nick, Daewoo Han e Andrew J. Steckl. "Electrospun Biopolymer-Based Micro/Nanofibers". In 2008 17th Biennial University/Government/Industry Micro/Nano Symposium. IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ugim.2008.44.

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A. Starukhina, L., V. V. Deriabin e V. J. Titov. "New biopolymer for EOR Moscow". In IOR 1991 - 6th European Symposium on Improved Oil Recovery. European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.201411265.

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Rapporti di organizzazioni sul tema "Biopolymer"

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Possidónio, Catarina, Ana Rita Farias, Samuel Domingos, Bernardo Cruz, Sílvia Luís e Ana Loureiro. Exploring supply-side barriers for commercialization of new biopolymer production technologies: A systematic review. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, maggio 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2023.5.0076.

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Review question / Objective: What are the multi-level supply-side barriers to the commercialization of new biopolymer production technologies? Condition being studied: Biopolymers are sustainable and environmentally friendly alternatives to traditional petroleum-based polymers, and their use is becoming increasingly important for reducing the negative impact of plastic waste on the environment. Despite the potential benefits of biopolymers, their commercialization might face several supply-side barriers. This systematic review aims the identification and characterization of these barriers. The focus is on understanding the challenges involved in the commercialization of new biopolymer production technologies, which may include technological, economic, regulatory, and social factors that can affect the adoption and use of biopolymers in various industries. The question studied in this systematic review is relevant to a broad range of stakeholders, including researchers, policymakers, and industry professionals involved in the development, production, and commercialization of new biopolymer technologies. By providing a comprehensive synthesis of the existing literature on the multi-level supply-side barriers that can hinder the commercialization of new biopolymer production technologies, this systematic review aims to inform future research, policy, and practice to facilitate the successful implementation of these technologies.
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Abdellatef, Mohammed, Clifford Ho, Peter Kobos, Budi Gunawan, Jessica Rimsza, Hongkyu Yoon e Mahmoud Taha. Biopolymer Concrete. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), settembre 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1888878.

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Erbeldinger, Markus, e Keith LeJeune. Nerve Agent Sensing Biopolymer Wipe. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, aprile 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada413535.

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Fox, Douglas. POSS-Modified Cellulose for Improved Biopolymer Performance. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, settembre 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada566210.

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Thomas, Jayan. Printed Biopolymer-Based Electro-Optic Device Components. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, luglio 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada583167.

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Snadra L. Fox, X. Xie, K. D. Schaller, E. P. Robertson e G. A. Bala. Permeability Modification Using a Reactive Alkaline-Soluble Biopolymer. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), ottobre 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/910609.

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Sinskey, Anthony J., Oliver P. Peoples e Chokyun Rha. Strategies for Biopolymer Engineering of PHB-Like Materials. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, agosto 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada239690.

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Karnesky, Richard A., Raymond William Friddle, Josh A. Whaley e Geoffrey Smith. Permeation of "Hydromer" Film: An Elastomeric Hydrogen-Capturing Biopolymer. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), dicembre 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1234933.

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Holland, Gregory P., e Jeffery L. Yarger. Spider Silk: From Protein-Rich Gland Fluids to Diverse Biopolymer Fibers. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, gennaio 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ad1001844.

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Knotek-Smith, Heather, Carina Jung, Danny Harrelson, Aimee Poda e Anthony Bednar. Biopolymer Production in the Aquifer of a Groundwater Pump-and-Treat System. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), settembre 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/38221.

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