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Tesi sul tema "Biomatériaux résorbables"
Griffet, Jacques. "Utilisation des biomatériaux résorbables en chirurgie osseuse". Aix-Marseille 2, 1998. http://theses.univ-amu.fr.lama.univ-amu.fr/1998AIX2663U.pdf.
Testo completoUzel, André-Pierre. "Nouvelles technologies chirurgicales en chirurgie vertébrale : développement de biomatériaux injectables résorbables". Nantes, 2011. http://archive.bu.univ-nantes.fr/pollux/show.action?id=c877c693-2a3d-47f7-8044-193694dfd2b8.
Testo completoSynthetic bone grafts represent alternatives to autologous bone grafts. Calcium phosphate bioceramics are perfect candidates as they are biocompatible, osteogenic and available in numerous galenic shape. Minimal invasive surgery has led to the development of injectable bone substitutes. The "granule concept", developed by Daculsi, allows the preparation of injectable composite materials composed of calcium phosphate granules for bioactivity and hydrogels for injectability. These granules have been used for the conception of the developed osteogenic injectable materials. Through several tests, we have improved the injectability of these materials by optimizing the shape of the granules. Moreover various combinations of granules and thermosensitive hydrogel have been tested on animals in order to assess bone ingrowth. These injectable calcium phosphate granule suspensions have also been tested with various radiopaque substances. Indeed, in spine surgery radiopacity of these bone substitutes need to be optimized with the adjunct of barium in particular. These injectable biomaterials cannot be used alone in filling surgery of the vertebral body because they present insufficient mechanical properties. However, they are very effective combined with osteosynthesis. They are also of particular interest in pseudarthrosis-prone fractures and revision total hip arthroplasty, and as vectors for filling bone defects, particularly when combined with osteogenic factors and/or antibiotics in various situations of filling orthopaedic bone defects
Pinese, Coline. "Conception d’une structure composite à base de polymères synthétiques et naturels résorbables : application à la ligamentoplastie". Thesis, Montpellier 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014MON13504.
Testo completoFollowing accidents, anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) damages are increasingly becoming a common public health problem. To comply with the demand for alternatives to current surgical treatments, we have developed ligament reinforcement with degradable biomaterials. To meet the requirement of ligament regeneration, ligament reinforcement must be strong enough to support knee physiological strains, and must degrade while allowing the new ligament regeneration. Novel block copolymers PLA- and poloxamer or poloxamine based have been synthesized which were then spun for designing a tubular knitted fabric. The tubular fabric has interesting mechanical characteristics for ligament replacement. In parallel, a collagen and glycosaminoglycans porous three-dimensional matrix has been developed. This matrix is able to promote cell adhesion and proliferation. The knitted reinforcement associated with the collagen matrix has been implanted in vivo for 3 months. Fully integrated, the composite structure allows néo-tissue formation while gradually losing its mechanical properties after 3 months
Jordao, Zélzima Amélia. "Preuve de concept de l'utilisation d'un scaffold résorbable obtenu par impression 3D pour la reconstruction de l'hypoderme". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lille (2022-....), 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024ULILS019.
Testo completoNowadays, patients who have had the entire thickness of their skin destroyed, including the hypodermis, have access to clinical solutions with a number of limitations. At present, lipofilling is the main solution for hypodermis reconstruction, thanks to the wide availability of autologous adipose tissue and its ability to fill large volumes. However, the resorption rate is 80-90% due to the absence of vascularization. Tissue engineering can be an effective tool for developing a promising solution to improve the efficacy of lipofilling. The aim of this thesis is to develop a 3D-printed porous and resorbable scaffold to support vascular and adipose tissue regeneration. Synthetic bioresorbable polymers offer numerous advantages, such as ease of processing and adaptability (structure, properties, behavior, etc.), making them suitable for hypodermis repair. What's more, their combination with 3D printing makes it possible to create porous structures adapted to adipose tissue. Studies were carried out in 3 axes: choice of material, design and pre clinical validation. In vitro studies with PLCL and PDO showed that PLCL was more suitable for the development of the 3D scaffold. The SCO pattern was chosen for the design of the 3D scaffold, whose mechanical properties and porosity are compatible with soft tissue. Next, pre-clinical validation of the PLCL 3D scaffold, in the mouse model, proved that it can be used to improve survival and vascularization of adipose tissue
Perrin, Eloïse. "Elaboration et caractérisation d'un biomatériau bioactif et résorbable à base de polylactide et de verre bioactif". Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSEI110.
Testo completoThe elaboration and characterization of a bioresorbable and bioactive biomaterial with mechanical properties as high as possible for osteosynthesis applications is the purpose of this study. This biomaterial must promote bone healing while replacing temporarily its mechanical functions. It is made with a polylactic acid and a bioactive glass and it must be easy to process through plasturgy methods in order to obtain small complex shapes as screws, anchors or osteosynthesis plates. The bioactive glass enhances the bioactivity of the material allowing it to link with the bone and the polylactic acid brings good mechanical properties essential to the applications that imply stress support and process aptitude. Biocomposites elaborated with 45S5 bioactive glass already exist but their applications are limited because of poorly understood bioactive glass/polymer interactions implying a weak thermal stability. A systematic control of the thermal degradation of the materials allows to define the best polymer matrix, composite elaboration process and bioactive glass granulometry to obtain an optimized 45S5 composite which stands for reference composite. Then, the in vitro follow-up of composites made with new bioactive glasses enhances the comprehension of the influence of the composition of the bioac-tive glass as well as the polymer/bioactive glass interactions. Hence, a new optimal formulation was identified. This formulation showed bioactivity (hydroxyapatite formation after 15 days in SBF) and a minimized in vitro degradation. Moreover, it showed thermal and rheological properties similar to neat polymer’s, which allows the thermomanufacturing of small pieces easierly than with the 45S5 composite. Plus, after an in vitro degradation in PBS of 4 months, its tensile properties were close to polymers’ and largely superior to 45S5 composite’s
Gradwohl, Marion. "Développement d’une bioprothèse résorbable par impression 3D pour une reconstruction mammaire autologue post-mastectomie". Thesis, Université de Lille (2018-2021), 2021. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/.
Testo completoMastectomy is one of the most common way to treat breast cancer, it consists in the removal of breast tissue to remove tumor cells. This surgical act causes a consequent loss of tissue and can then be followed by a breast reconstruction operation to fill in the missing volume. Implant based or autologous fat grafting (fat flap or lipofilling) are some of breast reconstruction method, however they all have advantages and drawbacks. Tissue engineering chamber (TEC) using fat flap from the patient’s own tissue could be a promising solution to restore large volume of mature and vascularized adipose tissue and a therapeutic alternative to current breast reconstruction techniques.The main objective of this thesis it to improve TEC by using additive manufacturing and bioabsorbable polymers. The use of bioresorbable thermoplastic polymers eliminates the need for a second surgery, which would consist of removing the implant after breast reconstruction. In addition, using 3D printing to manufacture the TEC will allow patients to be offered tailor-made implants adapted to their morphology and therefore improve the aesthetic aspect of the reconstruction.The study first focused on the choice of an additive manufacturing process and a sterilization method for the development of the implant to minimize the degradation of the selected biomaterials. Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF) as well as ethylene oxide sterilization were chosen as means of producing the final sterile device. An in vitro degradation study was then carried out to determine the resorption profiles of PLGA and PLCL. Finally, an in vivo study was carried out on a rat model which enabled us to validate the concept of 3D-printed bioabsorbable TEC. The two selected polymers were therefore shown to be compatible with the tissue engineering chamber reconstruction process and thus allowed the growth of the fat flap over time within the TEC
Leprince, Salomé. "Nouveau dispositif médical auto-déployable, résorbable et anti-adhérentiel : application à la prise en charge des adhérences intra-utérines". Thesis, Montpellier, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016MONT3514.
Testo completoThe symptoms of intrauterine adhesions are pelvic pain, menstrual abnormalities and infertility. Intrauterine adhesions result in the fibrous adherence of opposing uterine walls, which produce partial or complete obliteration in the uterine cavity. Trauma to a gravid uterine cavity is known to be the main cause of adhesions formation. In order to prevent postsurgical adhesion formation, a new anti-adhesive and resorbable medical device was developed to maintain separated uterine walls after surgical trauma. Anti-adhesive barrier was obtained from polylactic acid – polyethylene oxyde – polylactic acid triblock copolymers presenting specific swelling properties. In vitro biocompatibility and anti-adhesive effects of triblock copolymers were demonstrated using human endometrial cells. In vivo adhesion models have allowed us to confirm the anti-adhesive efficiency and the accuracy of the degradation time of a copolymer. This copolymer does not cause major biological responses after implantation in uterine horns and does not alter reproductive functions. A deployment study of the medical device in uterus of patients from hysterectomy has allowed us to demonstrate that our medical device is adapted to the uterine morphology
Ginsac, Nathalie. "Caractérisation de matériaux composite polyacide lactique-bioverre pour application dans la réparation osseuse". Phd thesis, INSA de Lyon, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00668698.
Testo completoAtti di convegni sul tema "Biomatériaux résorbables"
Raidot, J., F. Scheid, P. O. Sage, J. M. Offerle e P. Keller. "Intérêts et techniques de greffe autogène pour la reconstruction de défauts osseux verticaux postérieurs mandibulaires". In 66ème Congrès de la SFCO. Les Ulis, France: EDP Sciences, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/sfco/20206603006.
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