Articoli di riviste: "Beaches"

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Rudan, Elena, e Marinela Krstinić Nižić. "The Role of Beaches in the Tourism Offering". Pomorstvo 32, n. 2 (20 dicembre 2018): 219–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.31217/p.32.2.7.

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To position the tourism offering of the Municipality of Lovran, it must be adjusted to the modern needs of tourists. In this, a key role belongs to designing, implementing and sustaining an experience system as part of the destination’s integrated tourism product. Lovran as a tourist destination can become distinctive only to the extent to which it can provide services and facilities capable of satisfying the travel needs and motivations of tourists. When designing an experience system, the destination is generally in the focus of interest. This paper, however, takes a closer look at the thematization of beaches that are a part of Lovran’s tourism offering. Previous tourism development in Lovran has first and foremost been centred on the summer months when the sun, sea and beaches are the primary motivation for tourist arrivals. Lovran as a tourist destination, together with its beaches, provides opportunities that have yet to be fully valorised with regard to implementing the experience system in beaches. In this respect, the paper aims to highlight the need for beach thematization. Beach thematization is carried out in accordance with the vision of the destination to ensure the optimal distribution of bathers and to satisfy their preferences. A new classification of beaches is made according to the Bathing Area Registration and Evaluation (BARE) system, which is adjusted to the needs of the market. The BARE system categorises beaches based on their accessibility and coastal scenery. The purpose of the paper is to analyse beaches in Lovran and, in accordance with a beach’s potential, to propose a theme (eco beach, romantic beach, beach for families with children, etc.) for each one, based on the Regional Program for the Adaptation and Management of Seaside Beaches in Primorje-Gorski Kotar County. The authors conclude that beaches have a primary importance for most tourists as well as residents, making it essential to respect their physical, social and ecological carrying capacities.

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Silveira, Lucas F., Antonio H. da F. Klein e Moysés G. Tessler. "Headland-bay beach planform stability of Santa Catarina State and of the Northern Coast of São Paulo State". Brazilian Journal of Oceanography 58, n. 2 (giugno 2010): 101–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1679-87592010000200003.

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This paper presents the results of the planform stability classification for the headland-bay beaches of the State of Santa Catarina and of the Northern Coast of São Paulo, based on the application of the Parabolic Bay-Shape Equation (PBSE) to aerial images of the beaches, using the software MEPBAY®. For this purpose, georeferenced mosaics of the QuickBird2® satellite imagery (for the State of Santa Catarina) and vertical aerial photographs (for the northern coast of São Paulo State) were used. Headland-bay beach planform stability can be classified as: (1) in static equilibrium, (2) in dynamic equilibrium, (3) unstable or (4) in a state of natural beach reshaping. Static equilibrium beaches are the most frequent along the coast of the State of Santa Catarina and the Northern Shore of São Paulo, notably along the most rugged sectors of the coast and those with experiencing lower fluvial discharge. By comparison, dynamic equilibrium beaches occur primarily on the less rugged sectors of the coast and along regions with higher fluvial discharge. Beaches in a state of natural beach reshaping have only been found in SC, associated with stabilized estuarine inlets or port breakwaters. However, it is not possible to classify any of these beaches as unstable because only one set of images was used. No clear relation was observed between a beach's planform stability and other classification factors, such as morphodynamics or orientation.

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Barrella, Walter, e Leandro Machado Viana. "Role of the community in the granting of blue flag certification at Tombo beach (Guarujá, Brazil)". Journal of Aquaculture & Marine Biology 12, n. 3 (2023): 267–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.15406/jamb.2023.12.00383.

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In 2009, Tombo Beach in Guarujá (Brazil) received Blue Flag Certification, an ecological seal granted to beaches that meet environmental conservation requirements. Tombo Beach’s certification was the third in the program’s history in Brazil. Started in 1987, the Blue Flag Program is one of the most critical ecological seals created for the sustainable development of beaches and marinas that adopt careful water quality treatment, environmental education and information, environmental management, security, and other services. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the knowledge of the requirements above by visitors to Tombo Beach to determine their participation in maintaining certification. To this end, structured questionnaires were used in interviews carried out in April in Tombo Beach, resulting in 300 interviews. Analysis of the data obtained through interviews (n=300) indicated restricted knowledge on the part of attendees regarding the requirements set out in the Blue Flag Program, demonstrating critical deficiencies, especially about environmental education programs. Furthermore, we sought to discuss the benefits of certification in increasing the attraction of visitors to disseminate the culture of accreditation on Brazilian beaches.

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Yao, Zhen, Jie Chen, Changbo Jiang, Hai Liang, Zhiyuan Wu, Bin Deng, Yuannan Long e Chen Bian. "Experimental Analysis of the Changes in Coral Sand Beach Profiles under Regular Wave Conditions". Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 12, n. 2 (5 febbraio 2024): 287. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse12020287.

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This study utilized 50 laboratory experiments to document the evolution of coral beaches under varying regular wave conditions, including five distinct wave periods and ten wave heights. Both the type of equilibrium beach and the shape of sand bars were used to represent beach evolution. The evolution of coral sand beaches was then compared to quartz sand beaches. The experimental results show that the predicted (modeled) equilibrium profile of a quartz sand beach was not applicable to coral sand beaches. Compared to sand bars on quartz sand beaches, the distance from bar crests to the beach berm in coral sand beaches was greater, whereas the erosional depth of sand troughs was deeper. However, the grain size distribution of sand associated with the coral sand beach under wave action was consistent with Celikoglu’s law. Both an equilibrium beach profile classification model and a sand bar shape prediction model for coral sand beaches were developed based on the experimental data.

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Osanyintuyi, Abiola John, Yong-Hong Wang, Yiheng Huang, Saddam Aliyu e Nor Aieni Haji Mokhtar. "The different erosion fate of the headland-embayed beaches on the muddy and sandy coasts of China". Marine and Environment 12, n. 1 (28 settembre 2023): 9503. http://dx.doi.org/10.18686/me.v12i1.9503.

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<p>China’s beaches exhibit different geomorphic characteristics depending on location. Due to increasing contemporary climate change, induced storm activities and human activities, beaches along the Chinese coast have been exposed to the risk of erosion. This article examines the different shoreline evolution processes from 1973 to 2021 as well as the erosion vulnerability of 9 headland-embayed beaches (of which 5 beaches, each at Baishawan, Dasha, Dongdan, Nanshajiao, and Mushao are on the muddy coast in Southern China and 4 beaches, namely, Bathing Beach 1, 2, 3 and Shilaoren Beach are on the sandy coast in Northern China) based on the inherent geomorphic characteristics and nearshore hydroclimatic factors of the beaches. In the analysis, there were 3 stages. During the first stage, erosion dominated both the muddy and sandy coasts as a result of intense storm conditions. During the second stage, the beaches had earlier recovered as a function of natural processes, however, storm activities later eroded the beaches. During the third stage, most of the beaches accreted as a result of coastal engineering interventions and beach nourishment project. The shoreline analysis results indicate that beaches on the muddy and sandy coasts have been eroding in the long term. During the first erosion stage, erosion is more severe on the muddy coast than on the sandy coast in the short term. On the sandy coast, the beaches recorded severe erosion from 1973 to 1998. Of the 9 beaches, the most eroded location was at Dasha on the muddy coast (LRR: –5.315 m/y; EPR: –5.671 m/y; NSM: –141.94 m) between 1974 and 1998. In summary, beaches on muddy coasts are more vulnerable to erosion than those on sandy coasts. On the muddy coast, there has been a shortage in the supply of sediment from the Yangtze River-derived sediment to the coast. The primary source of sand material for the studied beaches on the muddy coast has been the regular storm condition that changes the sand-mud transition line on the coast. For the sandy beaches, the primary factor responsible for the vulnerability and beach modification includes a shortage in the natural supply of beach material and storm activities, however, recent beach nourishment and coastal protection procedures are gradually stabilizing the beaches. Ultimately, the outcome of this research is suitable for beach management procedures on the Chinese coast.</p>

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Santos, Joaquim N. S., Rafaela de S. Gomes, Ruan Managna Vasconcellos, Débora de Souza Silva e Francisco Gerson Araújo. "Effects of morphodynamics and across-shore physical gradients on benthic macroinfauna on two sandy beaches in south-eastern Brazil". Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 94, n. 4 (31 gennaio 2014): 671–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025315414000010.

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We examined the benthic macroinfauna at three strata during two seasons (winter and summer) on two sandy beaches (dissipative and reflective) in south-eastern Brazil. The hypothesis raised is that effects of morphodynamics and zonation determine the structure of macroinfauna, with dissipative beaches having comparatively higher species richness and density than the reflective beaches. Flamengo beach (dissipative) had higher species richness but lower density compared to Grumari beach (reflective). A high dissimilarity in assemblage structure (91.75%) was detected between the two beaches. Zonation in the occurrence of macroinfauna was detected for the two beaches in the two examined seasons. At Grumari beach, Emerita brasiliensis occurred mainly in stratum 1 (intertidal swept zone) while Saccocirus sp. occurred in stratum 2 (infralittoral at 0.5 m depth), whereas at Flamengo beach E. brasiliensis and Enoploides sp. had the highest density in stratum 1 (intertidal swept zone) whereas Scolelepis goodbodyi and Donax uncinata dominated in stratum 3 (infralittoral at 1.0 m depth). Scolelepis goodbodyi, Dispio uncinata, Enoploides sp., Nematoda and Trileptium sp. were associated with higher a Dean parameter and content of organic matter at Flamengo beach. In contrast, Hastula sp., Donax sp., Pisionidens indica, Hemipodus californiensis, Saccocirus sp. and Phyllodocidae were associated with the higher wave period and grain size of Grumari beach. The hypothesis that macroinfauna structure differs between the beaches and strata was confirmed, with the dissipative beaches having comparatively higher richness but lower density than the reflective beaches.

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Uebelhoer, Lea, William Koon, Mitchell D. Harley, Jasmin C. Lawes e Robert W. Brander. "Characteristics and beach safety knowledge of beachgoers on unpatrolled surf beaches in Australia". Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 22, n. 3 (17 marzo 2022): 909–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhess-22-909-2022.

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Abstract. The majority of drowning deaths on Australian beaches occur significant distances away from lifeguard services. This study uses results of 459 surveys of beachgoers at five beaches unpatrolled by lifeguards in New South Wales, Australia, to improve understanding of who visits these beaches and why, and to identify risk factors associated with their beach safety knowledge and behaviour. Many unpatrolled beach users were infrequent beachgoers (64.9 %) with poor rip current hazard identification skills, who did not observe safety signage that was present, and yet intended to enter the water to swim (85.6 %) despite being aware that no lifeguards were present. The survey found that the main reasons why beachgoers visited unpatrolled beaches were because they were conveniently close to their holiday accommodation, or they represented a quieter location away from crowds. Future beach safety interventions in Australia need to extend beyond the standard “swim between the flags” message in recognition that many Australian beaches will remain unpatrolled, yet still frequented, for the foreseeable future. Future beach safety interventions for unpatrolled beaches should be tailored towards the varied demographic groups of beach users.

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HAUPTMAN, LEANNE, JYOTHIRMAYI PALAPARTHI e TIFFANY ROBERTS BRIGGS. "BEACH MORPHOLOGY AND SEDIMENTOLOGY IN NORTHERN PALM BEACH COUNTY, FLORIDA, USA: A BRIEF UPDATE". William Morris Davis - Revista de Geomorfologia 3, n. 2 (26 dicembre 2022): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.48025/issn2675-6900.v3n2.2022.155.

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Coastal erosion of sandy beaches is a global problem that threatens ecosystems and coastal communities. Beach nourishment is one of the commonly implemented mitigation strategies, using beach compatible sediment from various borrow sources that is placed on beaches and back in the littoral system. However, the geotechnical properties of sediment from different borrow sources can vary. Sediment characteristics influence post-nourishment equilibration, beach slope, substrate temperatures for incubating sea turtles, and morphologic response to storms. Although many regulatory agencies have policies requiring that the borrow source sediment closely matches, or is compatible with, the native beach sediment, placement of sediment from various borrow sources could result in sediment properties that deviate from the native material over time due to selective transport processes. This study is a brief update on the results of Brown and Briggs (2020) on the sediment properties and beach morphology of nourished and non-nourished beaches in northern Palm Beach County, FL, USA. Nourished beaches using various borrow sources were similar in sedimentology and slope to non-nourished beaches. Foreshore slopes on local beaches were most similar to predicted slopes for protected beaches, likely due to reduced fetch from the Bahamian archipelago. The proximity to hard structures appears to have an important influence on foreshore slopes and sediment properties and requires further analysis.

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Wang, Alexander, Xiao Hua Wang e Gang Yang. "The Effects of Wind-Driven Storm Events on Partly Sheltered Estuarine Beaches in Batemans Bay, New South Wales, Australia". Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 9, n. 3 (12 marzo 2021): 314. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse9030314.

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Extreme wind-driven storm events have the potential to erode beach systems. Along the East Coast of Australia, storm events have been responsible for beach erosion in many coast-facing, open beaches. This paper investigates the potential impacts of wind-driven storms on partly sheltered estuarine beaches—a niche found within Batemans Bay, New South Wales (NSW), along the East Coast. It combines beach geomorphological data with meteorological and oceanographic data to evaluate the impacts of large storm events on three partly sheltered estuarine embayed beaches (Cullendulla Beach, Corrigans Beach, and Maloney’s Beach). The results show that while embayed beaches are protected from some storm events, storm impacts may vary with the season due to wind speed and direction changes, the presence of nearby rivers or creeks, and anthropogenic modifications such as dredging and coastline alterations. This study may contribute to the understanding of the erosive impacts of storms and help improve management strategies used to prevent recession, particularly on embayed beaches.

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Dharma, I. Gusti Bagus Sila, e Soni Senjaya Efendi. "Study of the Evolution of Sanur Beach Nourishment Project for Beach Enhancement". Applied Mechanics and Materials 776 (luglio 2015): 145–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.776.145.

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Beach nourishment, or also commonly known as beach fill, is a technique widely used in coastal engineering to rehabilitate eroded beaches or create new beaches and widen existing beaches. However, once an instance of beach filling has occurred, it needs to be repeated on a regular basis because the new beach would be more prone to abrasion than natural beaches. This paper describes the of beach change based on numerical modeling in the study of the evolution of a beach nourishment project. The measured beach profile, wave height and sediment in Sanur beach, Bali are used for the numerical analysis based on the existing studies are applied in the analysis of the beach. The simulation results show that there are three segment of the coastal area in between the groin need to be overcome.

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Guffogg, Jenna A., Samantha M. Blades, Mariela Soto-Berelov, Chris J. Bellman, Andrew K. Skidmore e Simon D. Jones. "Quantifying Marine Plastic Debris in a Beach Environment Using Spectral Analysis". Remote Sensing 13, n. 22 (12 novembre 2021): 4548. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs13224548.

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Marine plastic debris (MPD) is a globally relevant environmental challenge, with an estimated 8 million tons of synthetic debris entering the marine environment each year. Plastic has been found in all parts of the marine environment, including the surface layers of the ocean, within the water column, in coastal waters, on the benthic layer and on beaches. While research on detecting MPD using remote sensing is increasing, most of it focuses on detecting floating debris in open waters, rather than detecting MPD on beaches. However, beaches present challenges that are unique from other parts of the marine environment. In order to better understand the spectral properties of beached MPD, we present the SWIR reflectance of weathered MPD and virgin plastics over a sandy substrate. We conducted spectral feature analysis on the different plastic groups to better understand the impact that polymers have on our ability to detect synthetic debris at sub-pixel surface covers that occur on beaches. Our results show that the minimum surface cover required to detect MPD on a sandy surface varies between 2–8% for different polymer types. Furthermore, plastic composition affects the magnitude of spectral absorption. This suggests that variation in both surface cover and polymer type will inform the efficacy of beach litter detection methods.

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Boguslavsky, Alexander, e Sergey Kazakov. "Features of lithodynamics of pebble beaches at south coast of Crimea". InterCarto. InterGIS 27, n. 3 (2021): 85–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.35595/2414-9179-2021-3-27-85-97.

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The results of the study of the peculiarities of lithodynamics of pebble beaches of the South Coast of Crimea based on the long-term monitoring of the state of beaches performed at the Black Sea Hydrophysical Subsatellite Proving Ground of the Marine Hydrophysical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences in the settlement of Katsiveli are presented. Long-term changes of the beach of Limensky Bay since 1950 and of beaches of the shore protection structures since 1988 are characterized. The volume of income and outcome of pebbles during the change of wind-wave regimes was estimated by the example of Limensky Bay beach and the artificial beaches of the coast protection structures in the coastline section from Katsiveli to Ponizovka settlement. The most influential factor in the formation of the pebble beaches of the Southern Coast of Crimea is the change in alongshore wind-wave regimes in the “days-months” time scale, which leads to significant fluctuations in sea level near the coast and a corresponding change in the directions of the bottom current velocity components perpendicular to the shoreline. The largest expense and income of beach-forming material (up to 1 m3/day per linear meter of beach) occurs during storms, respectively, with wind-wave regimes of the eastern and western directions. The largest irreversible removal of the mass of beach-forming materials during the change in wind-wave regimes occurs from the eastern and central sections of the bays and artificial beaches of coastal protection structures, and partial restoration of beaches—on their western sections. Natural underwater reefs in the coastal waters of bays and artificial beaches of shore protection structures contribute to the preservation of beaches in them. The reason for the gradual average long-term degradation of beaches may be the predominance of eastern storm winds over western ones in conditions of blocking the natural income of beach-forming materials from the coast by the coastal infrastructure objects.

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Pattipawaej, O. C. "Coastal vulnerability level and beach handling priorities in Serang District Banten Province". IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1314, n. 1 (1 marzo 2024): 012110. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1314/1/012110.

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Abstract Coastal erosion and accretion have altered the shorelines of various Indonesian coastal areas, endangering the lives and livelihoods of coastal populations. Damage to beaches in coastal areas affects the community’s daily activities, the transportation system, industry, and trade, as well as the environment and public health. Based on this occurrence, the initial stage of disaster management study resulting from coastal damage is to identify the coast’s vulnerability to threatening harm. To assess coastal vulnerability, field observations and measurement from the research location were carried out to obtain visual damage observation, land use, lithology, tidal range, and beach slope. Coastline data from satellite imagery and wind data from the government agencies were carried out to obtain the rate of shoreline change, width of damage, length of damage, and wave height. The purpose of this research is to look at changes in the coastline of Serang, Banten Province, and analyse the amount of beach damage to set priorities for coastal management. The beaches explored were Karangantu Beach, Domas Beach, Lontar Beach, and Tengkurak Beach. Karangantu Beach’s level of vulnerability is classified as very high, so dealing with it is a top priority. Domas and Lontar Beaches are extremely vulnerable, so dealing with them is a key priority. Tengkurak Beach has a moderate level of vulnerability, hence the priority for managing is rather high. This can be utilized as a model for overcoming coastal damage in Serang District, Banten Province, by constructing coastal protection buildings based on the shore’s vulnerability and management priority.

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Asensio-Montesinos, Francisco, Milagrosa Oliva Ramírez, María Teresa Aguilar-Torrelo e Giorgio Anfuso. "Abundance and Distribution of Cigarette Butts on Coastal Environments: Examples from Southern Spain". Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 9, n. 2 (27 gennaio 2021): 129. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse9020129.

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Litter on beaches is one of the most difficult problems in coastal management and every year, much efforts and public money are invested to try to alleviate and solve the problem. Cigarette butts (CB) are among the most widespread abandoned personal items in the world. In Spain, they are found on all types of beaches, where they are discarded by beach users; however, rivers and streams can also deposit CB on shores. This paper analyses the abundance of CB on different beaches in Southern Spain in order to address and better understand this relevant environmental problem and propose sound solutions to decrease or eliminate their presence. The main factors favouring CB accumulation were identified, namely the seasonality and number of beach users, beach typology (remote, rural, village or urban sites), type of beach sediment and methods and frequency of cleaning operations. Mean and median CB abundance values per 100 m of beach length, calculated from all the data used in this study, were 159 and 68 items, respectively. The largest number of CB were observed at urban sites, followed by village, rural and remote beaches. Further, sand beaches registered higher values of CB than cobble or pebble beaches.

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Guo, Junli, Lianqiang Shi, Min Zhang, Zhaohui Gong, Wei Chen e Xiaoming Xia. "Regional Difference in Distribution Pattern and Morphological Characteristics of Embayed Sandy Beaches in Zhejiang Province, Eastern China". Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 12, n. 7 (20 luglio 2024): 1223. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse12071223.

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The distribution pattern and the morphology of sandy beaches have been extensively studied, while those in turbid coastal environments near large river estuaries are still unclear. This study analyzes the distribution pattern, morphological characteristics, and influencing factors of Zhejiang sandy beaches using statistical analysis, based on field data and historical records. Results show that the mean grain size distribution of Zhejiang sandy beaches ranges from fine sand to very coarse sand, and the beach slope and sediment grain size correspond well with the wave heights in the three regions of Zhejiang. The extent of beach headlands in central Zhejiang appeared the largest, suggesting an increased susceptibility to wave erosion due to the less sheltered headlands. Most sandy beaches in Zhejiang formed on the islands and the areas far from the estuaries, showing quantity difference in beach distribution. The comparison of the regional difference in Zhejiang sandy beaches shows that embayment is the main factor affecting the beach distribution pattern and morphological characteristics. The different embayment characteristics provide the space for beach formation and the interaction with the coastal process, the sediment supply, the nearshore hydrodynamic environment, and human intervention also have influence on the morphological characteristics of Zhejiang beaches.

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Billson, Oliver, Paul Russell e Mark Davidson. "Storm Waves at the Shoreline: When and Where Are Infragravity Waves Important?" Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 7, n. 5 (11 maggio 2019): 139. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse7050139.

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Infragravity waves (frequency, f = 0.005–0.05 Hz) are known to dominate hydrodynamic and sediment transport processes close to the shoreline on low-sloping sandy beaches, especially when incident waves are large. However, in storm wave conditions, how their importance varies on different beach types, and with different mixes of swell and wind-waves is largely unknown. Here, a new dataset, comprising shoreline video observations from five contrasting sites (one low-sloping sandy beach, two steep gravel beaches, and two compound/mixed sand and gravel beaches), under storm wave conditions (deep water wave height, H0 up to 6.6 m, and peak period, Tp up to 18.2 s), was used to assess: how the importance and dominance of infragravity waves varies at the shoreline? In this previously unstudied combination of wave and morphological conditions, significant infragravity swash heights (Sig) at the shoreline in excess of 0.5 m were consistently observed on all five contrasting beaches. The largest infragravity swash heights were observed on a steep gravel beach, followed by the low-sloping sandy beach, and lowest on the compound/mixed sites. Due to contrasting short wave breaking and dissipation processes, infragravity frequencies were observed to be most dominant over gravity frequencies on the low-sloping sandy beach, occasionally dominant on the gravel beaches, and rarely dominant on the compound/mixed beaches. Existing empirical predictive relationships were shown to parameterize Sig skillfully on the sand and gravel beaches separately. Deep water wave power was found to accurately predict Sig on both the sand and gravel beaches, demonstrating that, under storm wave conditions, the wave heights and periods are the main drivers of infragravity oscillations at the shoreline, with the beach morphology playing a secondary role. The exception to this was the compound/mixed beach sites where shoreline infragravity energy remained low.

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Liang, Jian, Meng-Yuan Shu, Hai-Rui Huang, Chae-Woo Ma e Seon-Kyu Kim. "Using Benthic Indices to Assess the Ecological Quality of Sandy Beaches and the Impact of Urbanisation on Sandy Beach Ecosystems". Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 12, n. 3 (14 marzo 2024): 487. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse12030487.

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As the global population continues to grow, sandy beaches, one of the most valuable ecosystems, have been widely impacted by human activities. Therefore, to develop policies for the conservation and management of sandy beaches, the impact of human activities on sandy beaches must be accurately assessed. We used seven benthic indices to evaluate the ecological quality of sandy beaches in Anmyeon Island, Korea. However, these seven indices were found to either over- or underestimate their ecological quality. Moreover, despite incorporating beach morphodynamics into our study, these indices did not respond to the pressure of urbanisation on beaches. Given the suboptimal performance of benthic indices in reflecting the actual state of Korean beaches, our study indicates that beaches without human interference but with the same morphodynamics must be selected as control groups to further explore the effectiveness of these indices. This is critical for advancing our conservation efforts and managing sandy beach ecosystems under increasing human influence.

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Costa, Leonardo Lopes, Lucia Fanini, Mohamed Ben-Haddad, Maurizio Pinna e Ilana Rosental Zalmon. "Marine Litter Impact on Sandy Beach Fauna: A Review to Obtain an Indication of Where Research Should Contribute More". Microplastics 1, n. 3 (9 settembre 2022): 554–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microplastics1030039.

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In order to identify how research contributes to the knowledge of marine litter as a pressure on beaches, we reviewed interactions of beach fauna with this pollutant. Entanglement of pinnipeds in fishing gear, negative correlations between macroinvertebrates abundance and sediment pollution, and the presence of plastic surrounding burrows were primary evidence of beach fauna interacting with stranded litter. Ingestion represents the main body of research; microplastic uptake by invertebrates has been studied by laboratory experiments and field collections to report the presence of polymers in tissues. In the natural context, the higher the urbanization surrounding beaches and sediment pollution, the higher the concentration of microplastics in organs of bivalves. This approach currently constitutes the main research direction, but ecotoxicological assays are emerging prospects to assess the effects of exposure to microplastics. Beached macroplastics entangle and entrap invertebrates and vertebrates, and studies have reported increasing negative interactions with seals and sea turtles. Changes in nesting and feeding behavior of resident and transient organisms have been shown as typical early warning indicators of marine litter impacts. The focus on fauna–litter interactions holds terrific potential for research and citizen science projects, which finally becomes a powerful driver towards environmental awareness on sandy beaches.

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Hacking, Nicole. "Macrofaunal community structure of beaches in northern New South Wales, Australia". Marine and Freshwater Research 49, n. 1 (1998): 47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf96130.

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Macrofaunal community composition of ten exposed sandy beaches in northern New South Wales, Australia, appeared to correlate with beach morphodynamic state even though the data represented sampling at only a single time. Better results were obtained by using the Beach State Index (BSI) rather than the dimensionless fall velocity (?). Species number and abundance significantly increased as the BSI value increased, whereas biomass was not correlated with BSI. The New South Wales beaches had a higher species number and abundance relative to BSI than did beaches in a published review of beaches around the world.

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Mattos, Gustavo, Ricardo S. Cardoso e André Souza Dos Santos. "Environmental effects on the structure of polychaete feeding guilds on the beaches of Sepetiba Bay, south-eastern Brazil". Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 93, n. 4 (14 giugno 2012): 973–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025315412000707.

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Several studies have been conducted to explain patterns of the abundance, richness and diversity of sandy-beach macrofauna; however, such analyses have ignored the overall functional structure of macrofauna communities. Few studies have examined polychaete feeding guilds on sandy beach environments. To examine the effects of environmental factors on polychaete feeding guilds on sandy beaches, 12 sandy beaches from five islands in Sepetiba Bay were sampled. A total of 24 polychaete morphospecies, grouped among 21 families, were identified in these sandy beaches. The polychaete species were classified into 10 feeding guilds, and the SDT guild (suspended-deposit feeders, discretely motile, with tentacles) was the most abundant feeding guild, with 34.2% of total number of organisms. The highest trophic importance index and index of trophic diversity values were recorded on the sheltered beaches. A canonical correspondence analysis showed that the exposure rate, beach length, and grain size of the beach sediment significantly affected the polychaete feeding guild distribution and abundance. We can conclude that sheltered beaches have a higher diversity of feeding guilds than exposed beaches and that the biological descriptors of the feeding guilds are directly associated with the grain size of the sediment.

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Giovani, Clara, Astrid Damayanti e Dewi Susiloningtyas. "Coastal Typology of Landform in Pelabuhan Ratu Bay, Sukabumi Regency, Jawa Barat Province". E3S Web of Conferences 73 (2018): 04012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20187304012.

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Sukabumi Regency has potential tourism sector which encourage the use of beach attractions in Pelabuhan Ratu Bay. The main tourist attraction is the hilly and plain panorama beach. This study is aimed to analyze landform and coastal typology to support coastal tourism development. This research provides overlay method of height and slope map, field observation, and verification. Identification of coastal typology was based on coastal materials (rock types and structures), relief (slopes and altitudes), and genesis. Comparative and descriptive spatial analysis were used as method of analysis. The result showed that the coastal typology of landform of Pelabuhan Ratu Bay consisted of volcanic, marine deposition, and organic coast. The beaches such as Cibareno, Cibangban, Karang Naya, Kadaka, and Loji have volcanic coast landform with flat, wavy, sandy, rocky beach typologies. The beaches in Pelabuhan Ratu sub-district, such as Citepus, Gado Bangkong, and Karang Pamulang, have landform of marine deposition with flat and sandy beach typology. Karang Haji and Karang Hawu beaches are coral reef organic beaches. Meanwhile, estuaries were found in Cikakak estuary and Cimaja beaches. The existence of beach tourism in Pelabuhan Ratu Bay is dominated by rocky sandy beaches and flat reliefs strongly support the development of coastal ecotourism.

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22

Asensio-Montesinos, Francisco, Giorgio Anfuso, María Teresa Aguilar-Torrelo e Milagrosa Oliva Ramírez. "Abundance and Temporal Distribution of Beach Litter on the Coast of Ceuta (North Africa, Gibraltar Strait)". Water 13, n. 19 (2 ottobre 2021): 2739. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w13192739.

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Twelve beaches located in Ceuta (Spain) were studied from February to April 2019 to assess litter amounts (expressed as number of items), categories and temporal distribution. At each beach, three surveys were conducted, i.e., one per month (i.e., 36 in total). Selected beaches covered urban (7), rural (2) and remote (3) bathing areas. Plastic represented the dominant material, i.e., 35.2% of all debris, followed by glass (18.2%), pottery/ceramics (14.6%), wood (11.4%), metal (11.4%), paper/cardboard (4.8%), cloth (3.5%), rubber (0.7%), organic (0.3%) and other materials (0.1%). The Clean Coast Index was calculated to classify beaches in five categories for evaluating the cleanliness level of the coast observed at each survey: “Very Clean” (7 surveys), “Clean” (10), “Moderately Dirty” (8), “Dirty” (2) and “Extremely Dirty” (9). Litter occurrence was assessed by the Litter Grade methodology, which allowed to classify beaches in four grades: “A”: very good (0); “B”: good (4); “C”: fair (7); and “D”: poor (25). In a few surveys, some beaches were considered “good”, but their management should not be ignored because in other surveys those beaches reached fair and poor scores. Several potentially harmful litter items were related to beach users. Severe eastern storms removed litter at many of the beaches investigated and favored accumulation at others. Data analysis shows significant differences in litter abundance with respect to site, beach typology and the presence of cleaning operations but no important differences between the studied months. Rural beaches recorded the most litter, followed by urban and remote beaches. All beaches require immediate and more appropriate management actions to improve their environmental status.

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Rosa, Leonardo C. da, e Carlos A. Borzone. "Spatial distribution of the Ocypode quadrata (Crustacea: Ocypodidae) along estuarine environments in the Paranaguá Bay Complex, southern Brazil". Revista Brasileira de Zoologia 25, n. 3 (settembre 2008): 383–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0101-81752008000300001.

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This study examines the spatial distribution of the ghost crabs, Ocypode quadrata Fabricius, 1787, in thirteen estuarine sandy beaches located along two main axes of the Paranaguá Bay Estuarine Complex, southern Brazil. Burrow densities of ghost crabs were measured at three beach levels established around the high tide mark during the summer and winter of 2005. All beaches showed a steep beach face slope (2.6 to 8.3º) with sediment composition varying from well sorted fine sand to very poorly sorted coarse sand towards the upper estuary. Water salinity ranged from around 31 at those beaches near the bay inlet, to 14 at beaches in the inner estuary. The burrow densities of O. quadrata in the estuarine beaches were similar to those observed in the oceanic beaches. However, the absence of burrows at the four innermost beaches suggests that low salinity and sediment penetrability may prevent ghost crabs from occurring in this region of the estuary. Burrow densities showed strong seasonal variability. The low densities observed during the winter are probably related to a delay crab activities due to low temperatures in the early morning during this season. The absence of a clear zonation pattern was related to estuarine beach morphology.

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24

Simeone, Simone, Luca Palombo, Emanuela Molinaroli, Walter Brambilla, Alessandro Conforti e Giovanni De Falco. "Shoreline Response to Wave Forcing and Sea Level Rise along a Geomorphological Complex Coastline (Western Sardinia, Mediterranean Sea)". Applied Sciences 11, n. 9 (28 aprile 2021): 4009. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11094009.

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Beaches responses to storms, as well as their potential adaptation to the foreseeable sea level rise (SLR), were investigated along three beaches in a coastal tract in western Sardinia (Western Mediterranean Sea). The grain size of the sediments, the beach profile variability and the wave climate were analyzed in order to relate morphological changes, geological inheritances and waves forcing. Multibeam, single-beam and lidar data were used to characterize the inner shelf morphologies and to reproduce the flooding due to the SLR. The studied beaches experienced major changes when consecutive storms, rather than singles ones, occurred along the coastline. The sediment availability, the grain size and the geomorphological structure of the beaches were the most important factors influencing the beach response. On the sediment-deprived coarse beaches the headlands favor the beach rotation, and the gravel barrier morphology can increase the resistance against storms. On the sediment-abundant beaches, the cross-shore sediment transport towards a submerged area leads to a lowering in the subaerial beach level and a contemporaneous shoreline retreat in response to storms. A very limited ingression of the sea is related to the SLR. This process may affect (i) the gravel barrier, promoting a roll over due to the increase in overwash; (ii) the embayed beach increasing its degree of embayment as headlands become more prominent, and (iii) the sediment-abundant beach with an erosion of the whole subaerial beach during storms, which can also involve the foredune area.

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Yona, Defri, Fahreza Okta Setyawan, Sisylia Eka Narriyah Putri, Feni Iranawati, Muhammad Ariq Kautsar e Atsuhiko Isobe. "Microplastic Distribution in Beach Sediments: Comparison Between the North and South Waters of East Java Island, Indonesia". Jurnal Ilmiah Perikanan dan Kelautan 15, n. 2 (4 agosto 2023): 303–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/jipk.v15i2.41065.

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Highlight Research This is the first study of microplastics in four beach sediments in the east part of Java Island. Bahak and Pesona Beach are connected to Java Sea (north part), while Tambak Rejo and Balekambang Beach are connected to Indian Ocean (south part). A higher microplastics were observed on the beaches of the north part compared to the south part. Local sources and oceanographic parameters of the beaches influence the presence of microplastics in the study areas. Abstract Microplastic pollution in beach sediments has been studied intensively worldwide, but there are limited studies in the beach areas of the eastern Java Island, Indonesia. This study aimed to identify the distribution of microplastic in four beaches in Indonesia: Bahak, Pesona, Tambakrejo, and Balekambang. The first two beaches are located in the north of Java Island and influenced by the east Java Sea, while the last two are located in the south and influenced by the Indian Ocean. Sediment samples were collected along the strandline inside the 1 × 1 m transect quadrate in the top 5 cm using a stainless-steel shovel. Microplastic and granulometry analyses were conducted to obtain microplastic and sediment grain size data, respectively. Physical parameters of the beaches, such as wind, wave, and ocean current, were calculated using Copernicus and NASA (PODAAC), respectively. The total abundance of microplastic ranged from 54.7 ± 48.6 to 103.3 ± 4.7 particles kg-1 with the following descending order: Bahak > Pesona > Tambakrejo > Balekambang. Although there was no statistically significant difference in microplastic concentrations among the beaches, the beaches connected to the Java Sea accumulated more microplastics than the ones connected to the Indian Ocean. Fiber and blue were the dominating type and colors of microplastic. The results confirm that the distribution of microplastic is associated with the morphology of the beaches and the local source.

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Pombo, Maíra, e Alexander Turra. "Variation in the body growth parameters of the ghost crab Ocypode quadrata from morphodynamically distinct sandy beaches". Brazilian Journal of Oceanography 65, n. 4 (dicembre 2017): 656–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1679-87592017114606504.

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Abstract Investigations of patterns of distribution of sandy beach macrofauna show that dissipative beaches tend to concentrate higher richness and biomass at the intertidal zone, as well as better fitness and larger sizes of a species, than reflective beaches. For supralittoral crustaceans, these trends are inverted, as predicted by the habitat safety hypothesis (HSH). For ghost-crabs, however, higher population abundance has been observed on dissipative beaches, but their life-history traits and the response to different beach morphologies were not well defined. Here, variation in crab size and growth was evaluated over a one year period using indirect measures from three low-impact beaches on the northern coast of São Paulo State, southeastern Brazil. These beaches represent the three basic types of morphodynamics: dissipative (Costa beach), intermediate (Felix beach) and reflective (Puruba beach). At each site, five 2m wide transects were randomly selected each month, and assessed across the crabs' entire area of occurrence. The fit of the von Bertalanffy body growth model was compared among sites. For all three beaches, a main mode due to the settlement of juveniles (mm) was identified in August and September. In the following summer, according to growth estimates, the settlement group would be approximately the same size as the main mode (mm) that was recorded during the previous summer. Specifically, the growth parameters estimated were: Costa (dissipative) L∞= 46.36mm, K= 0.90year-1 and t0= -0.19; Félix (intermediate) L∞= 57.95mm, K= 0.87year-1 and t0= -0.12; Puruba (reflective) L∞= 53.01mm, K= 1.11year-1 and t0= -0.07. The body growth adjustments were similar between Puruba and Felix, but distinct from Costa. Growth performance indexes ranged from 3.29 (Costa) to 3.46 (Félix) and 3.49 (Puruba), indicating both the homogeneity of this parameter among distinct beaches and close agreement between the intermediate and reflective beaches. This study suggests that variations in the development of ghost crabs concur with those observed for other supralittoral, crustaceans and the habitat safety hypothesis, with higher individual fitness for reflective beaches.

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Cortés, Esteban I., Juan G. Navedo e Eduardo A. Silva-Rodríguez. "Widespread Presence of Domestic Dogs on Sandy Beaches of Southern Chile". Animals 11, n. 1 (12 gennaio 2021): 161. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani11010161.

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Dogs on sandy beaches are a threat to shorebirds. Managing this problem requires understanding the factors that influence the abundance of dogs in these ecosystems. We aimed to determine the proportion of beaches used by dogs and the effects of human presence on dog abundance on sandy beaches of southern Chile. We conducted dog counts and recorded the presence of tracks on 14 beaches. We used zero-inflated generalized linear mixed models to determine if the number of people, number of households, and other covariates were associated with dog abundance. We detected dog tracks on all the beaches, and dog sightings on most of them. Dogs were frequently not supervised (45%) and only 13% of them were leashed. The number of people on the beach and the number of houses near the beach were positively associated with the number of dogs on beaches. Finally, when dogs co-occurred with whimbrels (Numenius phaeopus), the probability of dog harassment was high (59%). Our work reveals that human presence determines the abundance of dogs on sandy beaches. Therefore, our study suggests that any strategy aiming at reducing dog harassment of shorebirds requires changes in those human behaviors that favor the presence of free-ranging dogs at beaches.

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28

Veloso, Valéria Gomes, e Ricardo Silva Cardoso. "Effect of morphodynamics on the spatial and temporal variation of macrofauna on three sandy beaches, Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil". Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 81, n. 3 (giugno 2001): 369–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025315401003976.

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Three exposed sandy beaches were selected to compare fluctuations in density of the most abundant species, and to verify the influence of spatial and temporal variations on the community structure. Sampling was carried out every three months, from June 1993 to May 1995, on Fora, Prainha, and Boqueirão Beaches. The first two beaches were classified by Dean's morphodynamic index (Ω) as intermediate, and the last as reflective. Slope, beach width and median grain size were significantly different among the beaches. Two-way analysis of variance revealed significant differences in species richness only among the beaches. No significant differences in density of the macrofauna between beaches and season were observed. However, Prainha Beach showed a higher temporal variation of the density of the macrofauna (and higher standard deviation) than the other two beaches. Emerita brasiliensis (Crustacea: Decapoda), Excirolana braziliensis (Crustacea: Isopoda), and Pseudorchestoidea brasiliensis (Crustacea: Amphipoda) were the most abundant species. Canonical correspondence analysis calculated the influence of the temporal variation as 27·5%; the influence of the environmental variation on community structure was 20·9%. The results suggest that in spite of the long-term fluctuations in species density, the beaches did not have temporal differences in the species richness and total density macrofauna during the study period.

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Christiaanse, Jakob, José A. A. Antolínez, Stefan Aarninkhof, Arjen Luijendijk e Carlos Duarte. "A GLOBAL CHARACTERISATION OF COASTAL REGIONS TO GUIDE NATURE-BASED SOLUTIONS TO SEA TURTLE NESTING BEACHES". Coastal Engineering Proceedings, n. 37 (1 settembre 2023): 81. http://dx.doi.org/10.9753/icce.v37.management.81.

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Sea turtles are an important part of marine and coastal ecosystems around the world. Yet, six of seven sea turtle species are endangered (IUCN, 2021). While they spend most of their lives at sea, female turtles use sandy beaches as nesting habitat, where they dig their nests in the sand to incubate for up to two months. A major challenge to sea turtles is the degradation of their nesting beaches due to anthropogenic climate-change effects, such as accelerated sea level rise (SLR) and anomalous storm activity. While it is still uncertain how sandy beaches will respond to SLR, beaches backed by hard structures cannot migrate landward, leading to ‘coastal squeeze’—the erosion and consequential narrowing of beaches. Increased storm activity may lead to persistently high water levels at nesting beaches, resulting in the flooding or even erosion of incubating nests. Moreover, beach erosion during storms can bury nests under excessive sand and limit beach access through the formation of scarps. Nature-based solutions—for example in the form of turtle-friendly design of beaches along new land reclamations or by adding coastal vegetation or reefs to limit runup and reduce erosion on existing beaches—may offer promising opportunities to preserve and even expand global habitats for turtle nesting.

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Kovačić, Mirjana, e Astrid Zekić. "Some Issues Referring to the Management of Beaches at the Local Level - Case Study of Croatia". Transactions on Maritime Science 7, n. 1 (20 aprile 2018): 71–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.7225/toms.v07.n01.007.

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The authors based the research on the main topic that a beach is more than a strip of land dedicated to tourists for their leisure activities. In order to achieve this, beaches have to be developed in regard to the surrounding landscape and the needs of the local community. The main focus of the research is on local and guest's perspective of beaches, thus results highlight important issues in this relationship which may enable improvements in beach managing. The purpose of this paper is to analyse the interdependence between sustainable beach managing and local/tourist needs and satisfaction. The goal of this paper is to propose a model of sustainable beach managing that has a direct impact on development processes of the beach. Research methodology includes an overview of recent projects and references and as a result it helps to understand whyit is important that beaches should have sustainable managing. One of the important project goals is to differentiate different beaches and their main attractions as well as their adaptation to a particular target group and the emergence of new forms of specific thematic beaches.

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Mauludy, Maghfira Shafazamilla, Agung Yunanto e Defri Yona. "Microplastic Abundances in the Sediment of Coastal Beaches in Badung, Bali". Jurnal Perikanan Universitas Gadjah Mada 21, n. 2 (30 dicembre 2019): 73. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/jfs.45871.

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The use of plastic material has increased significantly because of its durability and resistance from degradation. Plastic wastes could degrade into smaller size known as microplastics. The purposes of this study are to analyze and to compare total abundance of microplastic among coastal beaches in Badung, Bali. This study was conducted at five different coastal beaches which are Doublesix Beach, Kuta Beach, Melasti Beach, Mengiat Beach, and Tanjung Benoa Beach. Microplastic abundance was found in the average of 90.7±59.1 particles kg-1. There are three types of microplastic found in this study; film, fiber, and fragment and the abundances were varied among beaches. Fiber dominated all the study areas in the average of 42.8±24.1 particle kg-1. Kuta Beach has the highest amount of microplastic compared to the other beaches with the average of 148.9±103.8 particles kg-1. It might be due to Kuta Beach is the very famous beach visited by many tourists in the Bali Island. Moreover, this study was conducted during monsoon season that has been know to bring plastic wastes to Kuta Beach.

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Hays, Graeme C., Colin R. Adams, Jeanne A. Mortimer e J. R. Speakman. "Inter- and Intra-Beach Thermal Variation for Green Turtle Nests on Ascension Island, South Atlantic". Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 75, n. 2 (maggio 1995): 405–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025315400018269.

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Abstract (sommario):

Nest temperatures for green turtles (Chelonia mydas) nesting on Ascension Island, South Atlantic (7°57'S 14°22'W), were examined. Temperature probes were placed into nests on two beaches, Long Beach (26 nests) and North East Bay (8 nests). Within these beaches there was relatively little thermal variation (SD of nest temperature was 0.32°C for Long Beach and 0.30°C for North East Bay). To examine inter-beach thermal variation temperature probes were buried at 55 cm on 12 beaches. Inter-beach thermal variation was large and was related to the beach albedo with the darkest beach (albedo, 016) being 4.2°C warmer than the lightest coloured beach (albedo, 0.73).

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33

Petracco, Marcelo, Ricardo Silva Cardoso, José Eduardo Martinelli Filho e Alexander Turra. "Effects of beach morphodynamic features on production and P/B ratio of the crab Emerita brasiliensis Schmitt, 1935 (Decapoda: Hippidae) in sandy beaches of South America". Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 97, n. 6 (25 aprile 2016): 1215–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025315416000576.

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Abstract (sommario):

The mole crab Emerita brasiliensis inhabits exposed sandy beaches, both reflective and dissipative, along the Atlantic coast of South America, where it usually attains high biomass and production. We assessed the effects of physical characteristics of beaches (mean grain size, beach width and slope) on production and turnover rate (P/B ratio) of E. brasiliensis. Six production and P/B ratio datasets, estimated with cohort-based and size-based methods, were gathered from studies carried out on subtropical (~25°S) and temperate beaches (~32°S). Based on the estimates available, general trends were identified. Production was positively related to the intermediate/dissipative conditions of wider beaches with finer sand grains and gentler slopes. P/B ratio was negatively related to grain size (mm) and positively related to beach width. These results suggest that P/B ratios also increase towards intermediate/dissipative features due to higher growth rate, as indicated by higher values of the curvature parameter of the von Bertalanffy growth function (K) in more benign conditions (wider beaches with finer grains). In addition, the recurrent pattern of size structure on intermediate/dissipative beaches, with high frequency of recruits, leads to higher P/B ratio estimates on these beaches than on reflective beaches. The relationship of production and P/B ratio with physical features, such as mean grain size, beach width and slope indicates that a ‘short-cut’ approach to estimate Emerita brasiliensis production is a promising prospect and, therefore, more data on the production of this species should be provided.

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Fegley, Stephen R., Julian P. S. Smith, Douglas Johnson, Amelia Schirmer, Jeremiah Jones‐Boggs, Austin Edmonds e Joseph Bursey. "Nourished, Exposed Beaches Exhibit Altered Sediment Structure and Meiofaunal Communities". Diversity 12, n. 6 (15 giugno 2020): 245. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/d12060245.

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Abstract (sommario):

To retain recreational uses and shoreline protection, a large proportion of ocean beaches have been, and continue to be, nourished. Adding sand from subtidal and terrestrial sources to nourish beaches rarely re-creates the original sediment structure of the beach. Numerous studies have demonstrated that meiofaunal communities are altered by changes in sediment composition in low-energy substrates, therefore, we have explored whether beach nourishment has affected exposed, ocean beach meiofaunal communities. Since the early 2000s, we have conducted a series of sampling and experimental studies on meiofauna and sediments on nourished beaches in coastal North Carolina USA that had been sampled previously in the early 1970s, prior to any beach nourishment. Most of our studies consider meiofauna at the level of major taxa only. However, a few studies examine free-living flatworm (turbellarian) species in detail because of the existence of historical studies examining this group. Comparison of contemporary results to historical data and of heavily nourished versus lightly nourished beaches reveals extensive changes to beach sediment structure and meiofaunal community composition, indicating that the beaches are a more heterogeneous habitat than in the past. The effects of these substantial physical and biological changes to the production of beach ecosystem services are unlikely to be inconsequential.

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Setiadji, Agus, Benny Sukandari, Joni Widjayanto e Rifki Najib. "DECISION SELECTION MODEL OF LANDING BEACH IN AMPHIBIOUS OPERATIONS EXCERCISE WITH FUZZY MCDM". JOURNAL ASRO 11, n. 2 (20 aprile 2020): 22. http://dx.doi.org/10.37875/asro.v11i2.266.

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Abstract (sommario):

To determine the ideal landing beaches in amphibious operations must meet the requirements / criteria that have been determined, because it serves as an important component in the choice of landing beaches. The criteria include the type of beach, gradient beach, the basic material of beach, long beach landings, the type of breaking waves, tide, the kind of obstacles beach, ocean currents, the field behind the beach, the reference point mark landing beaches and access to the exit / entrance beach , In determining the selection of the landing beaches Marine / Navy had not done the calculation / mathematical model and not using a scientific method, such instances it is necessary to make a decision-making model in the case of election of the landing beaches in amphibious operations exercise. This study aims to determine the location of the landing beachesusing Fuzzy MCDM. The use of this method is the solution to produce a more objective group decision in the selection of an amphibious landing beach which data are accurate and reliable to help solve problems that are multi-criteria. There are 11 (eleven) criteria and 4 (four) alternatives identified in this study. Of the 11 criteria which have the highest weighting criteria for the alternative chosen in the first rank third alternative, namely PPD 3. Keywords: Amphibious Operations, Fuzzy MCDM, Criteria and Alternatives.

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Ricaurte-Quijano, Carla, David Nacipucha, Julio Gavilanes, Fanny Manner, Alba Calles e Eduardo Cervantes. "Beach Uses and Users in Four Beaches of the Ecuadorian Coast: The Importance of Physical and Socioeconomic Conditions for Recreational Beach Use Assessment in Latin American Contexts". Tourism in Marine Environments 14, n. 3 (23 ottobre 2019): 163–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.3727/154427319x15634413181250.

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Abstract (sommario):

The understanding of the different conditions that shape the recreational use of sandy beaches is key for their management. This article explores visitors' and residents' recreational use of four sandy beaches in Ecuador in relation to the physical and socioeconomic context in which this use takes place, including beach morphodynamics, level of urban development, as well as the type and quality of tourism services available. Results show that visitors and residents use the beach for the same recreational activities (i.e., walking and swimming) on beaches with different morphologies and socioeconomic conditions. However, respondents also indicated that physical characteristics (e.g., beach size and swell) are important aspects for choosing a beach. Visitors to rural beaches are more likely to consume informal catering services located within the beach area than formal ones located outside. This particular emerging theme should be taken into consideration for further research on management initiatives in the context of developing countries.

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Einstein, Hans Albert. "ESTIMATING QUANTITIES OF SEDIMENT SUPPLIED BY STREAMS TO A COAST". Coastal Engineering Proceedings 1, n. 1 (12 maggio 2010): 14. http://dx.doi.org/10.9753/icce.v1.14.

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Abstract (sommario):

Most beaches which are in equilibrium depend for their maintenance upon a continuous supply of sediment. This supply rate has been estimated for instance for the beach at Santa Barbara to be of the order of magnitude of 350,000 cu. yards of sand per year (Johnson, 1948). As long as this supply rate prevails no accumulation of sand occurs on the beach. The sand must, therefore, be used up at the beach either by wear or by transport along the beach and, eventually, by deposition into some deeper water. A continual supply of that order of magnitude very rarely becomes available at the shore itself by wave erosion; instead the bulk of supply of sand to beaches usually is derived by rivers. The appraisal of the different river channels for their sediment supply to the beaches near their mouth becomes thus a major factor in the maintenance work of many beaches.

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Mwakumanya, M. A. "Beach Erosion Hazard Vulnerability Assessment of Bamburi Beach in Mombasa, Kenya". International Journal of Environmental Science and Development 12, n. 3 (2021): 80–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.18178/ijesd.2021.12.3.1322.

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Abstract (sommario):

Beach accretion and/or erosion are evident on the Kenyan shoreline leading to loss of the aesthetic value of the beaches and destruction of shoreline properties. It is more prevalent on the Bamburi shoreline, which is about 4km long, and has been attributed to anthropogenic and natural processes that interfere with longshore drift depriving the beaches of sediments. Inadequate hazard assessments of the morphological processes on the beaches have made shoreline management interventions impracticable. Hazard vulnerability assessment obtained from the mean beach sediment volume was used to understand the differential and site specific spatial vulnerability of beaches to erosion on the shoreline. Accretion was revealed along Baharini challets - Private home, Whitesands-Sai rock, Papweza-Bamburi villas and Giriama beach-Jambo Ree shorelines, while erosion was experienced at Private home – Severine beach, Severine beach – Whitesands beach, Sai rock - Papweza, Bamburi villas – Kenyatta beach and Kenyatta beach - Giriama beach shorelines. Site specific vulnerability differences and morphological dynamics are evident along the shoreline. Spatial adaptive management strategies, including set back regulations and impact assessments, revegetation of the shoreline and simple engineered protection structures should be adopted and enforced to ensure stability of the shoreline and the beach system.

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Irmler, Ulrich. "Effects of Habitat and Human Activities on Species Richness and Assemblages of Staphylinidae (Coleoptera) in the Baltic Sea Coast". Psyche: A Journal of Entomology 2012 (2012): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/879715.

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Abstract (sommario):

In 2009, the staphylind fauna was studied in six habitats of the Baltic Sea coast of Schleswig-Holstein (northern Germany). The following habitats lagoon, sandy beach, shingle beach, primary dune, wooded cliff, and woodless cliff were significantly separated by their species composition. Vegetation and soil moisture were the most important factors separating the assemblages. Lagoons exhibited the most species-rich habitat. Sandy beaches provided the highest number of endangered species. Both sandy beaches and woodless cliffs showed the highest number of exclusive species. A loss of species was determined in the gradient from sandy to shingle beaches. Few species preferred shingle beaches; abundance ofCafius xantholomaincreased with the increasing amount of shingle. More species preferred the sandy conditions, for example,Polystomota grisea, P. punctatella, andPhytosus spinifer.Anotylus insecatusandBledius defensusrequire distinct mixtures of sand and silt on woodless cliffs. Tourist impact on sandy beaches accounts for approximately 50% loss of species.

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Hamsan, Muhammad Amirul Syafiq, e Muhammad Zahir Ramli. "Rip current occurrence probability at selected recreational beaches along Pahang coastline". Ecofeminism and Climate Change 1, n. 1 (18 maggio 2020): 37–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/efcc-03-2020-0005.

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Purpose Pahang beaches draw more than thousand visitors throughout the year. From the year 2006 to 2018, more than 30 drowning and near-drowning cases were recorded mainly from rip currents. Rip currents are defined as unexpected currents that carried beachgoers away to seaward direction more than approximately 50 m from shore. The prediction of rip current development is very important for the protection of human life. This study aims to conduct preliminary survey and field works to identify rip current hazards. Design/methodology/approach The output would be an early warning preventative mitigation to public in Pahang. Beach state model, dimensionless fall velocity, littoral environment observation and relative tidal range were recorded for five recreational beaches during two different months (March and April 2018). The morphodynamic parameters such sediment fall velocity, sediment grain size and beach slope are then analysed using software PROFILER. Classification of risks was done based on beach morphodynamic model. The morphodynamics are classified as low tide bar rip, barred and low tide terrace associated with rip current, bar dissipative, reflective, non-bar dissipative, low tide terrace and ultra-dissipative. Findings Result shows three out of five recreational beaches may develop high-risk rip currents. During the first month of the survey, Batu Hitam (BH) was recorded the only one recreational beach that may develop high-risk rip current followed by Teluk Cempedak (TC) and Kempadang (KEM) as middle-risk rip current beaches, while Balok (BA) and Sepat (SEP) as low-risk rip current beaches. Different during second month of the survey, BA, BH and SEP were recorded as high-risk rip current beaches while TC and KEM as low-risk rip current beaches. Originality/value The results are consistent with beach incidents (drowning and near-drowning) reported.

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41

Bascom, Willard N. "CHARACTERISTICS OF NATURAL BEACHES". Coastal Engineering Proceedings 1, n. 4 (1 gennaio 2000): 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.9753/icce.v4.10.

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The subject of beach characteristics is a complex one which is obviously worthy of book-length treatment. The object of this paper is to describe briefly the shapes which groups of beach-forming particles take and the mechanisms by which the forces of nature have so arranged them. Using these reactions as criteria, the coastal engineer who is confronted with the problem of replenishing beach materials or of altering some existing sand flow with a shoreline structure will be able to understand (and predict) the rapid readjustment of the particles to their new environment. There are, of course, no unnatural beaches; the implication is that artificially created or nourished beaches and otherwise altered shorelines will respond in the same manner as those untouched beaches which were studied to assemble the information presented here.

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Hayashi, Ralph M. "BEACHWALLS FOR BEACH EROSION PROTECTION". Coastal Engineering Proceedings 1, n. 20 (29 gennaio 1986): 140. http://dx.doi.org/10.9753/icce.v20.140.

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Many shoreline property owner protect the beaches from erosion walls. In many situations, these sea increase in beach erosion forcing, adjoining properties to construct their shoreline. The construction o causes erosion on the adjacent prop more often than not, where beach construction of sea walls in addi erosion to adjacent property has cause of the beaches. s, in an effort to have constructed sea walls have caused an by "domino effect", sea walls to protect f a sea wall often erty. Unfortunately, s once existed, the tion to causing beach ed the disappearance Because of the concern for the eroding beaches and the proliferation of sea walls, the design of a "beachwall" was proposed over four years ago by the author. Several of these beachwalls have been constructed, and the beaches fronting these structures have thus far been preserved or restored.

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Bellasi, Arianna, Gilberto Binda, Ginevra Boldrocchi, Andrea Pozzi e Roberta Bettinetti. "What Are Lake Beaches Made of? An Assessment of Plastic Beach Litter on the Shores of Como Bay (Italy)". Applied Sciences 12, n. 11 (26 maggio 2022): 5388. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12115388.

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Plastic waste dispersion is a well-recognized environmental threat, despite continuous efforts towards improving waste disposal management over the last few decades. Plastic litter is known to strongly impact upon water bodies and shorelines, affecting the health of ecosystems and impacting upon the aesthetic value of sites. Moreover, plastic waste that is abandoned on beaches contributes towards different degradation processes that potentially lead to the formation of secondary microplastics (MPs), with likely cascade effects upon the whole ecosystem. In this view, this study aims to characterize the plastic beach litter found on the shores of the western basin of Como Lake (Italy) to better understand the origin of MPs in littoral sediments, including the recognition of object typologies and the chemical characterization of polymers using Fourier-transformed infrared analysis (FTIR). The results highlighted that the most abundant polymers on beaches are polypropylene (PP) and polyethylene (PE), representing 73% of the collected polymers. This confirms that floating, low-density polymers are more likely to accumulate on beaches. Moreover, almost 66% of litter is represented by commonly used manufactured items (disposable objects, packaging, and everyday items). This evidence, combined with the analysis of the main environmental features of the sampling sites (the main winds, distance to urban areas, and the presence of tributaries) indicate that abundance of beached litter is mainly linked to beach accessibility and the local winds. These results highlight that multiple factors affect the environmental fate of plastic litter and give insights into the assessment of secondary microplastics in beach sediments.

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Hayes, Miles O., e Jacqueline Michel. "A PRIMER FOR RESPONSE TO OIL SPILLS ON GRAVEL BEACHES". International Oil Spill Conference Proceedings 2001, n. 2 (1 marzo 2001): 1275–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.7901/2169-3358-2001-2-1275.

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ABSTRACT Gravel beaches are the most difficult of all the beach types to clean and restore after an oil spill. Thus, they rank the highest of beaches on the environmental sensitivity index scale (ESI = 6). Problems posed by gravel beaches include: high porosity and permeability that allow deep penetration from the surface; potential for deep and rapid burial by clean sediments; presence of localized, sheltered areas where oil can persist for years; complex patterns of sediment reworking during storms; and slow rates of natural replenishment. Cleanup techniques currently employed on such beaches are usually disruptive to the environment, expensive, and logistically complex. Furthermore, gravel beaches are highly variable in terms of their geomorphology, sediment grain size, and degree of exposure to waves that can rework the sediments to remove oil and restore the sediments to their original distribution. Thus, cleanup decisions must be site-specific and based on an understanding of how each beach will respond to potential cleanup options. To assist cleanup decision makers, a primer on gravel beaches has been prepared. The primer consists of the following sections: Brief introduction to the problems gravel beaches pose to cleanup decision makers Description of four classes of gravel beaches, in terms of their detailed geomorphology and sedimentation processes “Tools” to be used to predict the rate for natural removal of stranded oil or how long it will take for physical recovery to occur after disruption from cleanup activities

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45

Vykhovanets, G. V., A. B. Murkalov e A. A. Stoyan. "DYNAMICAL STEADINESS OF SANDY BEACHES SIZES IN THE BLACK SEA COASTAL ZONE". Odesa National University Herald. Geography and Geology 19, n. 1(20) (6 aprile 2015): 53–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.18524/2303-9914.2014.1(20).40571.

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Sandy beaches are representing primary accumulative shore forms within a surf impact site in coastal zone of a Seas. Usual beaches was made up by drifts and its are most dynamic accumulative forms. They are changing during every storm, they can have expansion and diminution in environment that were formed during past centuries. During past decades began exact instrumental measurements of sandy beaches on natural sites. As a result, various calculative linear and volumetrical beach values were discovered.Sandy beaches are significant recreational resource and mean of natural defence of native shores against wave abrasion. It is basic state indicator of the coastal zone nature features and source of sand and gravel sediments for building usage. In natural coastal condition of the Black Sea shoreline deformation constitute ±47 m maximal along bars and spits and along active cliffs up to ±23 m during decades on the stationary sites. During long time in most causes vertical stormy deformations of a beach surfaces can be ≤ 2,8 m on accumulative coastal relief forms, and along abrasive slopes its limited by thickness of beach stratum sands. On every coastal sector with resemble physical-geographical sandy beaches to-wards gravitate by average linear and volumetric sizes, in spite of stormy values sparseness. Within all of the Black Sea sandy beaches are developing in condition of acute drift deficit.

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da Silva Ferreira, Anderson Targino da Silva, Regina Célia de de Oliveira, Maria Carolina Hernandez Ribeiro, Carlos Henrique Grohmann e Eduardo Siegle. "Coastal Dynamics Analysis Based on Orbital Remote Sensing Big Data and Multivariate Statistical Models". Coasts 3, n. 3 (29 giugno 2023): 160–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coasts3030010.

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As the interface between land and water, coastlines are highly dynamic and intricately tied to the sediment budget. These regions have a high functional diversity and require enlightened management to preserve their value for the future. In this study we assess changes to the São Paulo State (SE Brazil) coastline over the last 36 years. The study innovatively employs big data remote sensing techniques and multivariate statistical models to evaluate and generate erosion/accretion rates (1985–2021) relative to beach orientation and slope. Shoreline change rates have been obtained for sandy beaches at 485 one-kilometer-spaced transects. Our findings capture the complexity and heterogeneity of the analyzed coastline, at a regional and local scale. No association was found between shoreline changes and beach face orientation. Nonetheless, a dependency relationship was found between dissipative beaches with moderate to high accretion. Beaches facing south, with relative stability, were prone to sediment accumulation. Locations with slow accretion, like sandy spits and tombolo-protected beaches, were associated with dissipative beaches with moderate to high accretion. The southeast-oriented beaches are more prone to erosion due to storm waves from the south. Results provide a broad, fast, and relatively low-cost methodology that can be used in any sandy beach context, bringing essential information for coastal management and decision-making related to the use and occupation of the coastal zones.

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Biddiscombe, Sarah J., Elliott A. Smith e Lucy A. Hawkes. "A Global Analysis of Anthropogenic Development of Marine Turtle Nesting Beaches". Remote Sensing 12, n. 9 (8 maggio 2020): 1492. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs12091492.

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The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change predicts that sea levels will rise by up to 0.82 m in the next 100 years. In natural systems, coastlines would migrate landwards, but because most of the world’s human population occupies the coast, anthropogenic structures (such as sea walls or buildings) have been constructed to defend the shore and prevent loss of property. This can result in a net reduction in beach area, a phenomenon known as “coastal squeeze”, which will reduce beach availability for species such as marine turtles. As of yet, no global assessment of potential future coastal squeeze risk at marine turtle nesting beaches has been conducted. We used Google Earth satellite imagery to enumerate the proportion of beaches over the global nesting range of marine turtles that are backed by hard anthropogenic coastal development (HACD). Mediterranean and North American nesting beaches had the most HACD, while the Australian and African beaches had the least. Loggerhead and Kemp’s ridley turtle nesting beaches had the most HACD, and flatback and green turtles the least. Future management approaches should prioritise the conservation of beaches with low HACD to mitigate future coastal squeeze.

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Elfandi, Tomy, Wahyu Adi e Indra Ambalika Syari. "KEPADATAN KEPITING HANTU (OCYPODE) DI PANTAI BATU BEDAUN DAN PANTAI AIR ANYIR KABUPATEN BANGKA". Akuatik: Jurnal Sumberdaya Perairan 12, n. 1 (15 novembre 2018): 10–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.33019/akuatik.v12i1.686.

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One of the biota that lives in the sandy beach area is the Ghost Crab. These crabs are very common in the tropical and subtropical region. Bangka Regency has many sandy beaches and also a habitat spread of ghost crabs. This study aims to analyze the density of Ghost Crab (Ocypode) and the differences in the size of the carapace length with the weight of crab and the sex of the Ghost Crab in Batu Bedaun Beach and Air Anyir Beach. The results showed there were differences in ghost crab density on both beaches. Ghost Crab from Batu Bedaun 10556 individuals / km² and Air Anyir Beach 3333 individuals / km². The environmental parameters on both beaches are not much different, but in Batu Bedaun Beach has more suitable than Air Anyir Beach

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Cloutier, Danielle D., Elizabeth W. Alm e Sandra L. McLellan. "Influence of Land Use, Nutrients, and Geography on Microbial Communities and Fecal Indicator Abundance at Lake Michigan Beaches". Applied and Environmental Microbiology 81, n. 15 (15 maggio 2015): 4904–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.00233-15.

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ABSTRACTMicrobial communities within beach sand play a key role in nutrient cycling and are important to the nearshore ecosystem function.Escherichia coliand enterococci, two common indicators of fecal pollution, have been shown to persist in the beach sand, but little is known about how microbial community assemblages are related to these fecal indicator bacteria (FIB) reservoirs. We examined eight beaches across a geographic gradient and range of land use types and characterized the indigenous community structure in the water and the backshore, berm, and submerged sands. FIB were found at similar levels in sand at beaches adjacent to urban, forested, and agricultural land and in both the berm and backshore. However, there were striking differences in the berm and backshore microbial communities, even within the same beach, reflecting the very different environmental conditions in these beach zones in which FIB can survive. In contrast, the microbial communities in a particular beach zone were similar among beaches, including at beaches on opposite shores of Lake Michigan. The differences in the microbial communities that did exist within a beach zone correlated to nutrient levels, which varied among geographic locations. Total organic carbon and total phosphorus were higher in Wisconsin beach sand than in beach sand from Michigan. Within predominate genera, fine-scale sequence differences could be found that distinguished the populations from the two states, suggesting a biogeographic effect. This work demonstrates that microbial communities are reflective of environmental conditions at freshwater beaches and are able to provide useful information regarding long-term anthropogenic stress.

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Popenda, Agnieszka, e Ewa Wiśniowska. "Pollution of Beach Sand from Selected Recreational Reservoirs by Microplastics". Civil and Environmental Engineering Reports 32, n. 4 (1 dicembre 2022): 230–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ceer-2022-0054.

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Abstract The presence of microplastics have been ubiquitously confirmed in aquatic environment possessing the potential risk to the health of ecosystem. Most studies concerning microplastics are focused on water bodies, but it is considered that sediments and sands from the beaches may to be a long-term sink for microplastics. High concentrations of microplastics have been found in sand beach in Europe and all over the world. In the present studies samples of beach sand originating from three beaches of recreational reservoirs in Southern Poland (Silesian Voivodship) were analysed. Preliminary screening tests were done to evaluate the degree of microplastics pollution of the selected sandy beaches. Samples were taken once from three places on the beaches of each reservoir. Beach sections parallel to the waterline were selected at each study at the swash zone – about 1 m above the waterline. Previously, no studies were done on the presence of microplastics in these beaches. The samples taken from the beach were homogenized and mixed with saturated NaCl solutions, after separation of microplastics the pollutants were counted under optical microscope (under magnification 40 -100 x). It was found that in all three places the microplastics occurred in the beach sand samples. The most contaminated samples originated from Lisiniec recreation park (Adriatyk) which contained 340 ± 222 particles per kg/d.m. The most abundant fractions in the examined samples were fibres and fragments, the less abundant ones were granules. It can be concluded that recreational reservoirs beaches can be significantly contaminated by microplastics particles, but simultaneously the concentrations of these micropollutants can vary a lot between the individual places.

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