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1
Amani, Shafira Rizka, Taufik Rahman e Bambang Supriatno. "Profil literasi kelautan siswa SMKN Pulau Tidung melalui kegiatan ekstrakulikuler sekolah pantai Indonesia". Assimilation: Indonesian Journal of Biology Education 4, n. 1 (30 marzo 2021): 37–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.17509/aijbe.v4i1.34825.
Abstract (sommario):
The purposes of this research were to identify ocean literacy profile students of Tidung Island vocational high school who participated in the Indonesian Beach School extracurricular activities. Indonesian Beach School is a program of the Ministry of Maritime Affairs and Fisheries of the Republic of Indonesia which aims to disseminate and outreach information about coastal and marine ecosystems to improve the utilization of human resources through education. The ocean literacy profile assessed three domains, knowledge (include cognitive skill), attitude, and behavior. The research method used is quantitative descriptive research and the subject of this study are first and second-grade students of Tidung Island vocational high school were joined Indonesian Beach School extracurricular activities. To reveal the ocean literacy profile, we used Instrument Ocean Literacy adapted from Development of the International Ocean Literacy Survey: measuring knowledge across the world (Cannadyet al., 2018; Salma, 2019), Development of Ocean Literacy Assessment Instrument for High School Student (Hindrasti Irawan, 2018). The results of this research revealed that domain knowledge 59% in the medium category, cognitive skill 41% in the medium category, attitude 80% in the high category, and behavior 50% in the high category. Through this research, we found that the ocean literacy profile of students of Tidung Island vocational high school is sufficient for the domain of knowledge, while domain attitude and behavior classified as good.
2
Chuan, Alwin, Minh T. Tran, Alice X. Sun, Tajrian Amin, Yan X. Chan, Benjamin S. Hanley, Shubash A. Quazi, Benjamin S. Xie e John N. Trantalis. "Age-related differences in cognition and postoperative quality of recovery after beach chair position shoulder surgery". Anaesthesia and Intensive Care 50, n. 3 (6 dicembre 2021): 169–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0310057x211020319.
Abstract (sommario):
We examined the influence of age in beach chair position shoulder surgery and postoperative quality of recovery by conducting a single-site, observational, cohort study comparing younger aged (18–40 years) versus older aged (at least 60 years) patients admitted for elective shoulder surgery in the beach chair position. Endpoints were dichotomous return of function to each patient’s individual preoperative baseline as assessed using the postoperative quality of recovery scale; measuring cognition, nociception, physiological, emotional, functional activities and overall perspective. We recruited 112 (41 younger and 71 older aged) patients. There was no statistical difference in cognitive recovery at day three postoperatively (primary outcome): 26/32 younger patients (81%) versus 43/60 (72%) older patients, P=0.45. Rates of recovery were age-dependent on domain and time frame (secondary outcomes), with older patients recovering faster in the nociceptive domain ( P=0.02), slower in the emotional domain ( P=0.02) and not different in the physiological, functional activities and overall perspective domains (all P >0.35). In conclusion, we did not show any statistically significant difference in cognitive outcomes between younger and older patients using our perioperative anaesthesia and analgesia management protocol. Irrespective of age, 70% of patients recovered by three months in all domains.
3
Chen, Guo-Yun, Hisako Muramatsu, Keiko Ichihara-Tanaka e Takashi Muramatsu. "Expression Profile of Mouse BWF1, a Protein with a BEACH Domain, WD40 Domain and FYVE Domain". Cell Structure and Function 29, n. 2 (2004): 35–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1247/csf.29.35.
4
Permathasari, Desak Putu, I. Wayan Restu e Made Ayu Pratiwi Pratiwi. "Tongkol Fishery Management using an Ecosystem Approach through an Assessment of the Status of Fish Resource Domains in the West Season Landed on Segara Kusamba Beach, Bali". Journal of Tropical Fisheries Management 5, n. 2 (18 dicembre 2021): 91–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.29244/jppt.v5i2.35152.
Abstract (sommario):
Segara Kusamba Beach, Klungkung, Bali is a beach with the main catch fishery product, namely Tongkol Fish. The high level of tongkol fishing activities on Segara Kusamba Beach must be balanced with proper management so that Tongkol Fish Resources remain sustainable. So a research was carried out that aims to determine the status of the utilization of tongkol fishery resources landed on Segara Kusamba Beach with an ecosystem approach to the fish resource domain. The research was conducted in November 2019-January 2020. Data was collected by direct observation and interviews. Data analysis for each indicator was carried out using a multi-criteria analysis approach, then composite index assessment and visualized with a flag model. The results showed that the tongkol fish Resource domain in Segara Kusamba Beach got a light green flag model with a good status and got a composite value of 69.43. The trend indicator for fish size is relatively constant, the indicator for the proportion of yuwana fish is 44% of the total catch, the 95% species composition indicator is dominated by tongkol as the target fish, the indicator for range collapse of fish resources is increasingly difficult in determining the fishing area, and on indicators There are no ETP species caught on the Segara Kusamba Beach. So that it can provide advice on capture fisheries management in the form of fishing period management, improved mesh size and better cooperation between steakholders and fishermen in order to create better tongkol fishing in Segara Kusamba Beach, Klungkung.
5
Domingo, Mari Carmen. "Deep Learning and Internet of Things for Beach Monitoring: An Experimental Study of Beach Attendance Prediction at Castelldefels Beach". Applied Sciences 11, n. 22 (14 novembre 2021): 10735. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app112210735.
Abstract (sommario):
Smart seaside cities can fully exploit the capabilities brought by Internet of Things (IoT) and artificial intelligence to improve the efficiency of city services in traditional smart city applications: smart home, smart healthcare, smart transportation, smart surveillance, smart environment, cyber security, etc. However, smart coastal cities are characterized by their specific application domain, namely, beach monitoring. Beach attendance prediction is a beach monitoring application of particular importance for coastal managers to successfully plan beach services in terms of security, rescue, health and environmental assistance. In this paper, an experimental study that uses IoT data and deep learning to predict the number of beach visitors at Castelldefels beach (Barcelona, Spain) was developed. Images of Castelldefels beach were captured by a video monitoring system. An image recognition software was used to estimate beach attendance. A deep learning algorithm (deep neural network) to predict beach attendance was developed. The experimental results prove the feasibility of Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) for beach attendance prediction. For each beach, a classification of occupancy was estimated, depending on the number of beach visitors. The proposed model outperforms other machine learning models (decision tree, k-nearest neighbors, and random forest) and can successfully classify seven beach occupancy levels with the Mean Absolute Error (MAE), accuracy, precision, recall and F1-score of 0.03, 92.7%, 92.9%, 92.7%, and 92.7%, respectively.
6
Cullinane, Andrew R., Alejandro A. Schäffer e Marjan Huizing. "The BEACH Is Hot: A LYST of Emerging Roles for BEACH-Domain Containing Proteins in Human Disease". Traffic 14, n. 7 (24 aprile 2013): 749–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/tra.12069.
7
Saedler, Rainer, Marc Jakoby, Birger Marin, Elena Galiana-Jaime e Martin Hülskamp. "The cell morphogenesis geneSPIRRIGin Arabidopsis encodes a WD/BEACH domain protein". Plant Journal 59, n. 4 (agosto 2009): 612–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-313x.2009.03900.x.
8
Boufadel, Michel C., e Makram T. Suidan. "TIDE-DRIVEN NUTRIENT TRANSPORT IN A BEACH MESOCOSM IN THE ABSENCE OF WAVES". International Oil Spill Conference Proceedings 1997, n. 1 (1 aprile 1997): 713–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.7901/2169-3358-1997-1-713.
Abstract (sommario):
ABSTRACT This paper investigates nutrient transport in a beach mesocosm operating under tidal action in the absence of waves. Numerical modeling results were compared to experimental data obtained from a tracer study on a mesocosm simulating a sand beach. Sodium chloride solution (simulating nutrient addition) was applied on the surface of the beach and was monitored at five locations in a 6.30-m length of sand plume. Both the numerical results and the experimental data agreed with findings from previously published data, where it was observed that the tracer plume moves downward and seaward and that the water table inside the beach is mostly above seawater level. Good agreement occurred between simulated water levels and observed levels; however, a mediocre fit was achieved between the simulated and the observed tracer concentrations because local variations existed in the saturated hydraulic conductivity, whereas the numerical model assumed a homogeneous domain. Implications of the results for bioremediation are discussed.
9
Su, Yan. "Numerical Researches of Rectangular Barge in Variable Bathymetry Based on Boussinesq-Step Method". Advances in Civil Engineering 2022 (18 agosto 2022): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/2209394.
Abstract (sommario):
Wave responses of the rectangular barge in variable bathymetry are investigated by combining the Boussinesq-type equations and the step method. The highly accurate Boussinesq-type equations in terms of velocity potential are adopted for simulating the evolution of waves along the inclined beach. Hydrodynamic coefficients of a rectangular barge floating on the inclined bottom are calculated by the step method in the frequency domain. Based on the impulse response function method, the motions of the barge can be predicted in the time domain. The Haskind relation is used to reform the wave exciting forces, and the mean offset in the sway motion is also given based on the mean drift force. The wave responses of the barge at different locations along the inclined beach are measured in the experiments. Compared with experimental results, the solutions of the Boussinesq-step method present an overall good agreement.
10
Jogl, G. "Crystal structure of the BEACH domain reveals an unusual fold and extensive association with a novel PH domain". EMBO Journal 21, n. 18 (16 settembre 2002): 4785–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/emboj/cdf502.
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Qiao, Huiting, Mingliang Zhang, Hengzhi Jiang, Tianping Xu e Hongxing Zhang. "Numerical study of hydrodynamic and salinity transport processes in the Pink Beach wetlands of the Liao River estuary, China". Ocean Science 14, n. 3 (11 giugno 2018): 437–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/os-14-437-2018.
Abstract (sommario):
Abstract. Interaction studies of vegetation within flow environments are essential for the determination of bank protection, morphological characteristics and ecological conditions for wetlands. This paper uses the MIKE 21 hydrodynamic and salinity model to simulate the hydrodynamic characteristics and salinity transport processes in the Pink Beach wetlands of the Liao River estuary. The effect of wetland plants on tidal flow in wetland areas is represented by a varying Manning coefficient in the bottom friction term. Acquisition of the vegetation distribution is based on Landsat TM satellites by remote sensing techniques. Detailed comparisons between field observation and simulated results of water depth, salinity and tidal currents are presented in the vegetated domain of the Pink Beach wetlands. Satisfactory results were obtained from simulations of both flow characteristics and salinity concentration, with or without vegetation. A numerical experiment was conducted based on variations in vegetation density, and compared with the tidal currents in non-vegetated areas; the computed current speed decreased remarkably with an increase in vegetation density. The impact of vegetation on water depth and salinity was simulated, and the findings revealed that wetland vegetation has an insignificant effect on the water depth and salinity in this wetland domain. Several stations (from upstream to downstream) in the Pink Beach wetlands were selected to estimate the longitudinal variation of salinity under different river runoff conditions; the results showed that salinity concentration decreases with an increase in river runoff. This study can consequently help increase the understanding of favourable salinity conditions for particular vegetation growth in the Pink Beach wetlands of the Liao River estuary. The results also provide crucial guidance for related interaction studies of vegetation, flow and salinity in other wetland systems.
12
Miles, John. "Edge waves on a gently sloping beach". Journal of Fluid Mechanics 199 (febbraio 1989): 125–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022112089000315.
Abstract (sommario):
Edge waves of frequency ω and longshore wavenumber k in water of depth h(y) = h1H(σy/h1), 0 [les ] y < ∞, are calculated through an asymptotic expansion in σ/kh1 on the assumptions that σ [Lt ] 1 and kh1 = O(1). Approximations to the free-surface displacement in an inner domain that includes the singular point at h = 0 and the turning point near gh ≈ ω2/K2 and to the eigenvalue λ ≡ ω2/σgh are obtained for the complete set of modes on the assumption that h(y) is analytic. A uniformly valid approximation for the free-surface displacement and a variational approximation to Λ are obtained for the dominant mode. The results are compared with the shallow-water approximations of Ball (1967) for a slope that decays exponentially from σ to 0 as h increases from 0 to h1 and of Minzoni (1976) for a uniform slope that joins h = 0 to a flat bottom at h = h1 and with the geometrical-optics approximation of Shen, Meyer & Keller (1968).
13
Zhang, Jia, e Charles A. Langston. "Separating the scattered wavefield from teleseismic P using curvelets on the long beach array data set". Geophysical Journal International 220, n. 2 (24 ottobre 2019): 1112–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggz487.
Abstract (sommario):
SUMMARY A dense seismic array, composed of over 5000 stations with an average spacing close to 120 m was deployed in Long Beach, CA, by NodalSeismic and Signal Hill Petroleum as part of a survey associated with the Long Beach oilfield. Among many interesting wave propagation effects that have been reported by others, we observe that the coda of teleseismic P waves display waves caused by obvious local scattering from the Signal Hill popup structure between strands of the Newport-Inglewood fault. The density of the seismic array allows space-based methods, such as the Curvelet transform, to be investigated to separate the teleseismic and local scattered wavefields. We decompose a synthetic wavefield composed of a teleseismic plane wave and local scattered spherical wave in the curvelet domain to test the plausibility of our curvelet analysis and then apply the technique to the Long Beach array data set. Background noise is removed by a soft thresholding method and a declustering technique is applied to separate the teleseismic and local scattered wavefield in the curvelet domain. Decomposed results illustrate that the signal-to-noise ratio of the teleseismic P wave can be significantly improved by curvelet analysis. The scattered wavefield is composed of locally propagating Rayleigh waves from the pop-up structure and from the Newport Inglewood fault itself. Observing the wavefield both in space and time clearly improves understanding of wave propagation complexities due to structural heterogeneity.
14
Wang, Chun Ping. "Research on Query Mechanism of Moving Object Database". Applied Mechanics and Materials 530-531 (febbraio 2014): 823–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.530-531.823.
Abstract (sommario):
Since the mobile radio communication in a wireless mobile environment, which inevitably subject to fading and interference effects of the various signals, multipath and time-domain signal to bring the mobile domain and frequency dispersion problems, bandwidth resources restricted and transmission delay increases and so on. In this paper, the use of Class R-Tree data structure to store the data on the basis of historical trajectory, the update query results by the beach line iterative way to solve the problem of nearest neighbor queries efficiently update existing intermediate results.
15
Paepen, Marieke, Daan Hanssens, Philippe De Smedt, Kristine Walraevens e Thomas Hermans. "Combining resistivity and frequency domain electromagnetic methods to investigate submarine groundwater discharge in the littoral zone". Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 24, n. 7 (15 luglio 2020): 3539–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-3539-2020.
Abstract (sommario):
Abstract. Submarine groundwater discharge (SGD) is an important gateway for nutrients and pollutants from land to sea. While understanding SGD is crucial for managing nearshore ecosystems and coastal freshwater reserves, studying this discharge is complicated by its occurrence at the limit between land and sea, a dynamic environment. This practical difficulty is exacerbated by the significant spatial and temporal variability. Therefore, to capture the magnitude of SGD, a variety of techniques and measurements, applied over multiple periods, is needed. Here, we combine several geophysical methods to detect zones of fresh submarine groundwater discharge (FSGD) in the intertidal zone, upper beach, dunes, and shallow coastal area. Both terrestrial electrical-resistivity tomography (ERT; roll-along) and marine continuous resistivity profiling (CRP) are used from the shallow continental shelf up to the dunes and combined with frequency domain electromagnetic (FDEM) mapping in the intertidal zone. In particular, we apply an estimation of robust apparent electrical conductivity (rECa) from FDEM data to provide reliable lateral and vertical discrimination of FSGD zones. The study area is a very dynamic environment along the North Sea, characterized by semi-diurnal tides between 3 and 5 m. CRP is usually applied in calmer conditions, but we prove that such surveys are possible and provide additional information to primarily land-bound ERT surveying. The 2D inversion models created from ERT and CRP data clearly indicate the presence of FSGD on the lower beach or below the low-water line. This discharge originates from a potable freshwater lens below the dunes and flows underneath a thick saltwater lens, present from the dunes to the lower sandy beach, which is fully observed with ERT. Freshwater outflow intensity has increased since 1980, due to a decrease of groundwater pumping in the dunes. FDEM mapping at two different times reveals discharge at the same locations, clearly displays the lateral variation of the zone of discharge, and suggests that FSGD is stronger at the end of winter compared to the beginning of autumn. ERT, CRP, and FDEM are complementary tools in the investigation of SGD. They provide a high-resolution 3D image of the saltwater and freshwater distribution in the phreatic coastal aquifer over a relatively large area, both off- and onshore.
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Khodosh, R., A. Augsburger, T. L. Schwarz e P. A. Garrity. "Bchs, a BEACH domain protein, antagonizes Rab11 in synapse morphogenesis and other developmental events". Development 133, n. 23 (1 novembre 2006): 4655–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/dev.02650.
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Chapman, Piers, Scott Socolofsky e Robert Hetland. "FROM BLOWOUT TO BEACH: AN INTEGRATED MODELING APPROACH". International Oil Spill Conference Proceedings 2014, n. 1 (1 maggio 2014): 919–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.7901/2169-3358-2014.1.919.
Abstract (sommario):
ABSTRACT As part of the response to the BP Deepwater Horizon spill in 2010, we have been funded by the Gulf of Mexico Research Initiative to construct a nested model suite that can follow an oil particle from its first release to its arrival on a shoreline, taking into account natural rates of mixing and degradation of the oil components. The model suite incorporates (at increasing levels of resolution) a coupled ocean-atmosphere model of the full Gulf of Mexico and North Atlantic Ocean, a deep Gulf of Mexico model, a regional model of the Texas-Louisiana shelf, a 3D, non-hydrostatic bay model, a 3D Navier-Stokes model of the spill plume, and a particle tracking and transformation model for dispersed and dissolved oil and gas fate and transport integrated within the full flow domain. The models are supported by a series of laboratory and field experiments, including studies of single droplets, with and without dispersant, plumes, a deep-sea tracer release experiment and bubble releases to simulate an underwater blowout. The laboratory experiments will improve modeling of small-scale, near-field processes such as bubble and droplet formation, dissolution, droplet-turbulence interaction, and evaporation and dispersion at the air-sea interface. We show how the models are linked and how we are making progress towards the complete nested model suite, which will be available for use in future spills.
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Postacchini, Matteo, e Giovanni Ludeno. "Combining Numerical Simulations and Normalized Scalar Product Strategy: A New Tool for Predicting Beach Inundation". Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 7, n. 9 (19 settembre 2019): 325. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse7090325.
Abstract (sommario):
The skills of the Normalized Scalar Product (NSP) strategy, commonly used to estimate the wave field, as well as bathymetry and sea-surface current, from X-band radar images, are investigated with the aim to better understand coastal inundation during extreme events. Numerical simulations performed using a Nonlinear Shallow-Water Equations (NSWE) solver are run over a real-world barred beach (baseline tests). Both bathymetry and wave fields, induced by reproducing specific storm conditions, are estimated in the offshore portion of the domain exploiting the capabilities of the NSP approach. Such estimates are then used as input conditions for additional NSWE simulations aimed at propagating waves up to the coast (flood simulations). Two different wave spectra, which mimic the actual storm conditions occurring along the coast of Senigallia (Adriatic Sea, central Italy), have been simulated. The beach inundations obtained from baseline and flood tests related to both storm conditions are compared. The results confirm that good predictions can be obtained using the combined NSP–NSWE approach. Such findings demonstrate that for practical purposes, the combined use of an X-band radar and NSWE simulations provides suitable beach-inundation predictions and may represent a useful tool for public authorities dealing with the coastal environment, e.g., for hazard mapping or warning purposes.
19
Pinto, Celso Aleixo, Rui Taborda, César Andrade, Paulo Baptista, Paulo Alves Silva, Diogo Mendes e Joaquim Pais-Barbosa. "Morphological Development and Behaviour of a Shoreface Nourishment in the Portuguese Western Coast". Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 10, n. 2 (22 gennaio 2022): 146. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse10020146.
Abstract (sommario):
Current coastal protection strategy in Portugal defines beach and shoreface nourishment as a valid measure to mitigate coastal erosion in some erosional hot-spots, being considered as an adaptation measure under the present climate change scenario, including the impacts of sea level rise. However, scant objective data on shoreface nourishments are available to evaluate performance of this type of intervention in mitigating beach erosion and managing coast risk. We present the first monitoring results of a ≈2.4 × 106 m3 shoreface nourishment on the Aveiro coast (Costa Nova—Ílhavo), the largest until now in Portugal, focusing on its morphological development, impacts on adjacent beaches due to alongshore spreading and cross-shore redistribution, and contribution to the sediment budget of the nourished sediment cell. The analyses are based on high-resolution coastal monitoring data, provided by the Portuguese COaStal MOnitoring Program (COSMO). A Multiple Monitoring Cell (MMC) approach was used to evaluate local and feeder efficiency of the nourishment, sediment budget exchanges within both the placement and wider survey domains (≈1 km2 and 12 km2, respectively). Results show rapid (ca. 6 months) morphological change over the placement area, with a decrease of about 40% of the initial volume. Fast onshore sediment redistribution explains part of this change, placed sand having merged with the pre-existing bar system increased the volume of the shallower nearshore. Longshore transport is reflected by increasing the robustness of the bar downdrift of the placement area and also explains the negative sediment budget (0.75 × 106 m3) of the survey domain, which corresponds to losses through its southern boundary. Sediment spreading also induced accretion of the subaerial section of Costa Nova beaches in front of the placement area, reversing their long-term erosive trend. In contrast, this trend persisted at downdrift beaches. This suggests that the time lag of the subaerial beach response to this intervention increases with the distance to the placement area, and reversal of the erosive trend will only be noticeable in the following years. This study provides new insights on the time scales of beach response to high-magnitude shoreface interventions in high-energy wave-dominated sandy coasts, which will support decision making regarding similar operations designed to manage erosional hot-spots elsewhere.
20
Liu, Xuezhao, Yang Li, Xin Wang, Ruxiao Xing, Kai Liu, Qiwen Gan, Changyong Tang et al. "The BEACH-containing protein WDR81 coordinates p62 and LC3C to promote aggrephagy". Journal of Cell Biology 216, n. 5 (12 aprile 2017): 1301–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.201608039.
Abstract (sommario):
Autophagy-dependent clearance of ubiquitinated and aggregated proteins is critical to protein quality control, but the underlying mechanisms are not well understood. Here, we report the essential role of the BEACH (beige and Chediak–Higashi) and WD40 repeat-containing protein WDR81 in eliminating ubiquitinated proteins through autophagy. WDR81 associates with ubiquitin (Ub)-positive protein foci, and its loss causes accumulation of Ub proteins and the autophagy cargo receptor p62. WDR81 interacts with p62, facilitating recognition of Ub proteins by p62. Furthermore, WDR81 interacts with LC3C through canonical LC3-interacting regions in the BEACH domain, promoting LC3C recruitment to ubiquitinated proteins. Inactivation of LC3C or defective autophagy results in accumulation of Ub protein aggregates enriched for WDR81. In mice, WDR81 inactivation causes accumulation of p62 bodies in cortical and striatal neurons in the brain. These data suggest that WDR81 coordinates p62 and LC3C to facilitate autophagic removal of Ub proteins, and provide important insights into CAMRQ2 syndrome, a WDR81-related developmental disorder.
21
Sánchez-Arcilla, A., V. Gracia e M. García. "Hydro morphodynamic modelling in Mediterranean storms: errors and uncertainties under sharp gradients". Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences Discussions 2, n. 2 (20 febbraio 2014): 1693–728. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhessd-2-1693-2014.
Abstract (sommario):
Abstract. This paper deals with the limits in hydrodynamic and morphodynamic predictions for semi-enclosed coastal domains subject to sharp gradients (in bathymetry, topography, sediment transport and coastal damages). It starts with an overview of wave prediction limits (based on satellite images) in a restricted domain such as is the Mediterranean basin, followed by an in-depth analysis of the Catalan coast, one of the land boundaries of such a domain. The morphodynamic modeling for such gradient regions is next illustrated with the simulation of the largest recorded storm in the Catalan coast, whose morphological impact is a key element of the storm impact. The driving wave and surge conditions produce a morphodynamic response that is validated against the pre and post storm beach state, recovered from two LIDAR images. The quality of the fit is discussed in terms of the physical processes and the suitability of the employed modeling equations. Some remarks about the role of the numerical discretization and boundary conditions are also included in the analysis. From here an assessment of errors and uncertainties is presented, with the aim of establishing the prediction limits for coastal engineering flooding and erosion analyses.
22
Risandi, Johan, Dirk P. Rijnsdorp, Jeff E. Hansen e Ryan J. Lowe. "Hydrodynamic Modeling of a Reef-Fringed Pocket Beach Using a Phase-Resolved Non-Hydrostatic Model". Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 8, n. 11 (4 novembre 2020): 877. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse8110877.
Abstract (sommario):
The non-hydrostatic wave-flow model SWASH was used to investigate the hydrodynamic processes at a reef fringed pocket beach in southwestern Australia (Gnarabup Beach). Gnarabup Beach is a ~1.5 km long beach with highly variable bathymetry that is bounded by rocky headlands. The site is also exposed to large waves from the Southern Ocean. The model performance was evaluated using observations collected during a field program measuring waves, currents and water levels between June and July 2017. Modeled sea-swell wave heights (periods 5–25 s), infragravity wave heights (periods 25–600 s), and wave-induced setup exhibited moderate to good agreement with the observations throughout the model domain. The mean currents, which were highly-spatially variable across the study site, were less accurately predicted at most sites. Model agreement with the observations tended to be the worst in the areas with the most uncertain bathymetry (i.e., areas where high resolution survey data was not available). The nearshore sea-swell wave heights, infragravity wave heights and setup were strongly modulated by the offshore waves. The headlands and offshore reefs also had a strong impact on the hydrodynamics within the lagoon (bordered by the reefs) by dissipating much of the offshore sea-swell wave energy and modifying the pattern of the nearshore flows (magnitude and direction). Wave breaking on the reef platforms drove strong onshore directed mean currents over the reefs, resulting in off-shore flow through channels between the reefs and headlands where water exchanges from the lagoon to ocean. Our results demonstrate that the SWASH model is able to produce realistic predictions of the hydrodynamic processes within bathymetrically-complex nearshore systems.
23
Аникин, Анатолий Юрьевич, e Сергей Юрьевич Доброхотов. "Effect of the shape of initial perturbation on a reflected long wave from a beach". Вычислительные технологии, n. 1(24) (19 marzo 2019): 42–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.25743/ict.2019.24.1.004.
Abstract (sommario):
Изучаются асимптотические решения двумерного волнового уравнения с переменной скоростью и вырождением на границе области (берега). Рассматривается задача Коши с локализованными начальными данными, отвечающая поршневой модели цунами. Приведена асимптотическая формула для решения, работающая в малой окрестности берега. Исследуется вопрос о симметрии набегающей и отраженной волн. Этот же вопрос изучается для волнового уравнения с правой частью, отвечающей распределенному по времени источнику. The paper addresses the two-dimensional wave equation with variable velocity in a bounded domain. The velocity is assumed to degenerate on the boundary of the domain (the shore) as a square root of the distance to the boundary. We consider the Cauchy problem with localized initial data corresponding to the piston tsunami waves model. This problem is studied from the viewpoint of the asymptotic theory, where the small parameter µ is set by the ratio of the characteristic wave length to the characteristic size of the domain (the ocean). We propose an asymptotic formula for the solution working in a neighborhood of the shore of order µ . We study the symmetry between an incoming and reflected wave profiles. It turns out that profile shape does not change if the Fourier transform of the initial source function is real. This happens because the wave profile is close to an eigenfunction of the Hilbert transform. We also study the symmetry of profiles for the inhomogeneous wave equation. The right-hand side of this equation corresponds to a time spread source as opposed to instantaneous one in the piston model. This linear problem is a first step in studying more complicated system of the shallow water equations. The latter system is nonlinear, however in view of the results due to Carrier and Greenspan, its solution can be found if the solution of the linearized problem is known.
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Аникин, Анатолий Юрьевич, e Сергей Юрьевич Доброхотов. "Effect of the shape of initial perturbation on a reflected long wave from a beach". Вычислительные технологии, n. 1(24) (19 marzo 2019): 42–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.25743/ict.2019.24.1.004.
Abstract (sommario):
Изучаются асимптотические решения двумерного волнового уравнения с переменной скоростью и вырождением на границе области (берега). Рассматривается задача Коши с локализованными начальными данными, отвечающая поршневой модели цунами. Приведена асимптотическая формула для решения, работающая в малой окрестности берега. Исследуется вопрос о симметрии набегающей и отраженной волн. Этот же вопрос изучается для волнового уравнения с правой частью, отвечающей распределенному по времени источнику. The paper addresses the two-dimensional wave equation with variable velocity in a bounded domain. The velocity is assumed to degenerate on the boundary of the domain (the shore) as a square root of the distance to the boundary. We consider the Cauchy problem with localized initial data corresponding to the piston tsunami waves model. This problem is studied from the viewpoint of the asymptotic theory, where the small parameter µ is set by the ratio of the characteristic wave length to the characteristic size of the domain (the ocean). We propose an asymptotic formula for the solution working in a neighborhood of the shore of order µ . We study the symmetry between an incoming and reflected wave profiles. It turns out that profile shape does not change if the Fourier transform of the initial source function is real. This happens because the wave profile is close to an eigenfunction of the Hilbert transform. We also study the symmetry of profiles for the inhomogeneous wave equation. The right-hand side of this equation corresponds to a time spread source as opposed to instantaneous one in the piston model. This linear problem is a first step in studying more complicated system of the shallow water equations. The latter system is nonlinear, however in view of the results due to Carrier and Greenspan, its solution can be found if the solution of the linearized problem is known.
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Ware, J., L. Davis, D. Frazier, SP Bajaj e DW Stafford. "Genetic defect responsible for the dysfunctional protein: factor IXLong Beach". Blood 72, n. 2 (1 agosto 1988): 820–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v72.2.820.820.
Abstract (sommario):
Abstract DNA sequence analysis of the gene coding for the variant protein, factor IXLong Beach (FIXLB), has identified a transition mutation in an otherwise normal factor IX (FIX) gene. Genomic DNA clones spanning 35 kilobase (kb) pairs of the FIXLB gene were isolated. A gene analysis strategy that specifically characterized exons and their flanking intron sequences predicted the entire amino acid sequence of FIXLB. A thymine to cytosine transition causes the substitution of a threonine codon (ACA) for an isoleucine codon (ATA) in exon VIII of the FIXLB gene. This mutation results in an amino acid substitution at residue 397 of the FIX zymogen and the phenotypic display of hemophilia-B. Previous studies revealed that activated purified FIXLB (FIXaLB) had normal Ca2+, phospholipid, and factor VIIIa binding characteristics. However, FIXaLB activated factor X or factor VII (with their cofactors Ca2+ and phospholipid) at significantly reduced rates, suggesting that the defect in FIXaLB lies near or within the catalytic triad of the FIX heavy chain. Identification of an amino acid substitution near the carboxy-terminus of the FIXaLB heavy chain supports the earlier characterization of this variant protein. Moreover, our data identify a residue in the catalytic domain of FIXa essential for normal function.
26
Ware, J., L. Davis, D. Frazier, SP Bajaj e DW Stafford. "Genetic defect responsible for the dysfunctional protein: factor IXLong Beach". Blood 72, n. 2 (1 agosto 1988): 820–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v72.2.820.bloodjournal722820.
Abstract (sommario):
DNA sequence analysis of the gene coding for the variant protein, factor IXLong Beach (FIXLB), has identified a transition mutation in an otherwise normal factor IX (FIX) gene. Genomic DNA clones spanning 35 kilobase (kb) pairs of the FIXLB gene were isolated. A gene analysis strategy that specifically characterized exons and their flanking intron sequences predicted the entire amino acid sequence of FIXLB. A thymine to cytosine transition causes the substitution of a threonine codon (ACA) for an isoleucine codon (ATA) in exon VIII of the FIXLB gene. This mutation results in an amino acid substitution at residue 397 of the FIX zymogen and the phenotypic display of hemophilia-B. Previous studies revealed that activated purified FIXLB (FIXaLB) had normal Ca2+, phospholipid, and factor VIIIa binding characteristics. However, FIXaLB activated factor X or factor VII (with their cofactors Ca2+ and phospholipid) at significantly reduced rates, suggesting that the defect in FIXaLB lies near or within the catalytic triad of the FIX heavy chain. Identification of an amino acid substitution near the carboxy-terminus of the FIXaLB heavy chain supports the earlier characterization of this variant protein. Moreover, our data identify a residue in the catalytic domain of FIXa essential for normal function.
27
Rey, Javier, Julián Martínez, Mᵃ Carmen Hidalgo, Rosendo Mendoza e Mᵃ José Campos. "Ground-Penetrating Radar Study of Progradational Units in Holocene Coastal Plains: Carchuna Beach (SE Spain)". Geosciences 10, n. 7 (19 luglio 2020): 277. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/geosciences10070277.
Abstract (sommario):
The internal geometries of progradational units on the coastal plain in southeastern Spain (Carchuna Beach, Granada) since the maximum Holocene marine transgression (ca. 7000 cal BP) have been analysed using ground-penetrating radar (GPR). Radargram analysis shows the presence of sedimentary structures consistent with the progradation of coastal plains, interpreted as laminations associated with the foreset and topset. Laterally, five middle scale progradational units (H2, H3, H4, H5 and H6) are identified. Each of these units can be grouped into two major units. The general trend towards progradation is interrupted at the boundary of the units. Minor scale units (prograding wedges), deposited at topographically lower areas, are detected in GPR profiles. The radargrams also show channel erosional surfaces and sigmoidal landward dipping reflections interpreted as washover channel deposits, with the erosion and transference of sediments between the beach and the back-ridge domain. Furthermore, the saturation of coastline sediments with saltwater rapidly attenuates the GPR signal. Thus, the GPR is also a good tool to detect saltwater intrusions in shallow aquifers.
28
KIMMOUN, O., e H. BRANGER. "A particle image velocimetry investigation on laboratory surf-zone breaking waves over a sloping beach". Journal of Fluid Mechanics 588 (24 settembre 2007): 353–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022112007007641.
Abstract (sommario):
Particle image velocimetry (PIV) measurements were performed in a wave tank under water waves propagating and breaking on a 1/15 sloping beach. The wave transformation occurred in the surf zone over a large domain covering several wavelengths from incipient breaking to swash zone beyond the shoreline. PIV spatial interrogation windows must be small enough to obtain accurate velocities, and one window covers only a small part of the domain. To overcome this problem and to measure the instantaneous velocity field over the whole surf zone area, we have split the full field into 14 overlapping smaller windows of the same size. Local measurements were synchronized with each other using pulsed TTL triggers and wave gauge data. The full velocity field was then reconstructed at every time step by gathering the 14 PIV fields. We then measured the complete space–time evolution of the velocity field over the whole surf zone. We determined also the ensemble-period-average and phase-average components of the flow with their associated fluctuating parts. We used the PIV images and velocity measurements to estimate the void fraction in each point of the surf zone. Special attention was given to the calculation of the spatial derivatives in order to obtain relevant information on vorticity and on the physical terms that appear in the fluctuating kinetic energy transport equation.
29
Sánchez-Arcilla, A., M. García-León e V. Gracia. "Hydro-morphodynamic modelling in Mediterranean storms – errors and uncertainties under sharp gradients". Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 14, n. 11 (17 novembre 2014): 2993–3004. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhess-14-2993-2014.
Abstract (sommario):
Abstract. This paper deals with the limits in hydrodynamic and morphodynamic predictions for semi-enclosed coastal domains subject to sharp gradients (in bathymetry, topography, sediment transport and coastal damages). It starts with an overview of wave prediction limits (based on satellite images and buoy records) in a restricted domain, namely the Mediterranean basin, followed by an in-depth analysis of the Catalan coast, one of its land boundaries. The morphodynamic modelling for such regions is next discussed, based on the impact of a characteristic storm. The driving wave and surge conditions produce a morphodynamic response that is validated against the pre- and post-storm emerged beach state, recovered from two lidar images. The quality of the fit is discussed in terms of the physical processes and the suitability of the employed modelling suite. From here an assessment of errors and uncertainties is presented, with the aim of establishing the prediction limits for flooding and erosion analyses, key elements for coastal engineering decisions.
30
Jiang, Angela Wenping, Michael Hughes, Peter Cowell, Angus Gordon, Juan Carlos Savioli e Roshanka Ranasinghe. "A HYBRID MODEL OF SWASH-ZONE LONGSHORE SEDIMENT TRANSPORT ON REFLECTIVE BEACHES". Coastal Engineering Proceedings 1, n. 32 (30 gennaio 2011): 29. http://dx.doi.org/10.9753/icce.v32.sediment.29.
Abstract (sommario):
The hydrodynamics and sediment transport in the swash zone is currently outside the domain of coastal-area models, which is a significant limitation in obtaining littoral sediment-transport estimates, especially on steep reflective beaches where the waves practically break on the beachface. In this study, an existing process-based coastal model (MIKE 21) is combined with a theoretical derivation of swash processes, resulting in an innovative hybrid modelling approach that is capable of estimating longshore sediment transport in the swash zone. The method relies upon estimation of swash hydrodynamics from an extended ballistic swash model with friction included. The terminal bore and other incident wave properties were computed from the output of a spectral-wave model (MIKE 21 SW). The Bagnold-type equation was applied to estimate gross transport volumes and the longshore component was computed for the sand volume displaced during the up-rush. The newly developed hybrid modelling approach was applied to Jimmys beach, a steep reflective beach (D50 = 0.3 mm, gradient=0.1) along the northern shoreline of Port Stephens, Australia. The model results yield the alongshore swash transport pathways and the indicative transport volumes. A point of divergence is identified at the beach erosion area, which is of critical importance in terms of shoreline erosion and management. The preliminary results suggest that swash-zone transport can account for a large percentage of the total littoral drift for such beaches. However, further field or laboratory data are required to test model utility, as well as to tune calibration parameters based on the site-specific conditions.
31
Chugunov, Vladimir, Sergei Fomin e Bayazit Sagdiev. "Quasi-Linear Model of Tsunami Run-Up on a Beach with a Seafloor Described by the Piecewise Continuous Function". Geosciences 12, n. 12 (2 dicembre 2022): 445. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/geosciences12120445.
Abstract (sommario):
The purpose of this paper is to propose the quasi-linear theory of tsunami run-up and run-down on a beach with complex bottom topography. We begin with the one-dimensional nonlinear shallow-water wave equations, which we consider over a beach of complex geometry that can be modeled by a piecewise continuous function, along with several natural initial and boundary conditions. The primary obstacle in solving this problem is the moving boundary associated with the shoreline motion. To avoid this difficulty, we replace the moving boundary with a stationary boundary by applying a transformation to the spatial variable of the computational domain. A characteristic feature of any tsunami problem is the smallness of the parameter ε=η0/h0, where η0 is the characteristic amplitude of the wave, and h0 is the characteristic depth of the ocean. The presence of this small parameter enables us to effectively linearize the problem by using the method of perturbations, which leads to an analytical solution via an integral transformation. This analytical solution assumes that there is no wave breaking. In light of this assumption, we introduce the wave no-breaking criterion and determine bounds for the applicability of our theory. The proposed model can be readily used to investigate the tsunami run-up and draw-down for different sea bottom profiles. The novel particular solution, when the seafloor is described by the piecewise linear function, is obtained, and the effects of the different beach profiles and initial wave locations are considered.
32
Almeida, Luís, Rafael Almar, Erwin Bergsma, Etienne Berthier, Paulo Baptista, Erwan Garel, Olusegun Dada e Bruna Alves. "Deriving High Spatial-Resolution Coastal Topography From Sub-meter Satellite Stereo Imagery". Remote Sensing 11, n. 5 (12 marzo 2019): 590. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs11050590.
Abstract (sommario):
High spatial resolution coastal Digital Elevation Models (DEMs) are crucial to assess coastal vulnerability and hazards such as beach erosion, sedimentation, or inundation due to storm surges and sea level rise. This paper explores the possibility to use high spatial-resolution Pleiades (pixel size = 0.7 m) stereoscopic satellite imagery to retrieve a DEM on sandy coastline. A 40-km coastal stretch in the Southwest of France was selected as a pilot-site to compare topographic measurements obtained from Pleiades satellite imagery, Real Time Kinematic GPS (RTK-GPS) and airborne Light Detection and Ranging System (LiDAR). The derived 2-m Pleiades DEM shows an overall good agreement with concurrent methods (RTK-GPS and LiDAR; correlation coefficient of 0.9), with a vertical Root Mean Squared Error (RMS error) that ranges from 0.35 to 0.48 m, after absolute coregistration to the LiDAR dataset. The largest errors (RMS error > 0.5 m) occurred in the steep dune faces, particularly at shadowed areas. This work shows that DEMs derived from sub-meter satellite imagery capture local morphological features (e.g., berm or dune shape) on a sandy beach, over a large spatial domain.
33
Ali Shehab Shams Eldeen, Ahmed M. R. El-Baz e Abdalla Mostafa Elmarhomy. "CFD Modeling of Regular and Irregular Waves Generated by Flap Type Wave Maker". Journal of Advanced Research in Fluid Mechanics and Thermal Sciences 85, n. 2 (9 agosto 2021): 128–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.37934/arfmts.85.2.128144.
Abstract (sommario):
The improvement of wave generation in numerical tanks represents the key factor in ocean engineering development to save time and effort in research concerned with wave energy conversion. For this purpose, this paper introduces a numerical simulation method to generate both regular and irregular waves using Flap-Type wave maker. A 2D numerical wave tank model is constructed with a numerical beach technique, the independence of the numerical beach slope is tested to reduce the wave reflections. The different governing parameters of the Flap type wave maker were studied such as periodic time dependency and length of the flap stroke. The linear wave generated was validated against the wave maker theory WMT, the numerical results agreed with WMT. The Pierson-Moskowitz model is used to generate irregular waves with different frequencies and amplitudes. The numerical model succeeded to generate irregular waves which was validated against published experimental data and with Pierson-Moskowitz spectrum model using Fourier expansion theory in the frequency domain. Useful results are presented in this paper based on the numerical simulation to understand the characteristics of the waves. This paper produces a full guide to generate both regular and irregular waves numerically using ANSYS-CFX approach to solve the 2D Unsteady Reynolds Averaged Navier-Stokes Equation (URANS).
34
Teh, Ooi-kock, Noriyuki Hatsugai, Kentaro Tamura, Kentaro Fuji, Ryo Tabata, Katsushi Yamaguchi, Shuji Shingenobu et al. "BEACH-Domain Proteins Act Together in a Cascade to Mediate Vacuolar Protein Trafficking and Disease Resistance in Arabidopsis". Molecular Plant 8, n. 3 (marzo 2015): 389–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.molp.2014.11.015.
35
Burgess, Agathe, Jean-Paul Mornon, Geneviève de Saint-Basile e Isabelle Callebaut. "A concanavalin A-like lectin domain in the CHS1/LYST protein, shared by members of the BEACH family". Bioinformatics 25, n. 10 (16 marzo 2009): 1219–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/btp151.
36
ANTUONO, M., e M. BROCCHINI. "Solving the nonlinear shallow-water equations in physical space". Journal of Fluid Mechanics 643 (23 dicembre 2009): 207–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022112009992096.
Abstract (sommario):
The boundary value problem for the nonlinear shallow-water equations with a beach source term is solved by direct use of physical variables, so that solutions are more easily inspected than those obtained by means of hodograph transformations. Beyond an overall description of the near-shoreline flows in terms of the nonlinear shallow-water equations, significant results are provided by means of a perturbation approach which enables much of the information on the flow to be retained. For sample waves of interest (periodic and solitary), first-order solutions of the shoreline motion and of the near-shoreline flows are computed, illustrated and successfully compared with the equivalent ones obtained through a hodograph transformation method previously developed by the authors. Wave–wave interaction, both at the seaward boundary and within the domain, is also accurately described. Analytical conditions for wave breaking within the domain are provided. These, compared with the authors' hodograph model, show that the first-order condition of the present model is comparable to the second-order condition of that model.
37
Demiroglu, O. Cenk, F. Sibel Saygili-Araci, Aytac Pacal, C. Michael Hall e M. Levent Kurnaz. "Future Holiday Climate Index (HCI) Performance of Urban and Beach Destinations in the Mediterranean". Atmosphere 11, n. 9 (27 agosto 2020): 911. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos11090911.
Abstract (sommario):
Tourism is a major socioeconomic contributor to established and emerging destinations in the Mediterranean region. Recent studies introducing the Holiday Climate Index (HCI) highlight the significance of climate as a factor in sustaining the competitiveness of coastal and urban destinations. The aim of this study is to assess the future HCI performance of urban and beach destinations in the greater Mediterranean region. For this purpose, HCI scores for the reference (1971–2000) and future (2021–2050, 2070–2099) periods were computed with the use of two latest greenhouse gas concentration trajectories, RCP 4.5 and 8.5, based on the Middle East North Africa (MENA) Coordinated Regional Downscaling Experiment (CORDEX) domain and data. The outputs were adjusted to a 500 m resolution via the use of lapse rate corrections that extrapolate the climate model topography against a resampled digital elevation model. All periodic results were seasonally aggregated and visualized on a (web) geographical information system (GIS). The web version of the GIS also allowed for a basic climate service where any user can search her/his place of interest overlaid with index ratings. Exposure levels are revealed at the macro scale while sensitivity is discussed through a validation of the climatic outputs against visitation data for one of Mediterranean’s leading destinations, Antalya.
38
Manolas, Dimitris I., Vasilis A. Riziotis e Spyros G. Voutsinas. "Generation and Absorption of Periodic Waves Traveling on a Uniform Current in a Fully Nonlinear BEM-based Numerical Wave Tank". Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 8, n. 9 (21 settembre 2020): 727. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse8090727.
Abstract (sommario):
Accurate and efficient numerical wave generation and absorption of two-dimensional nonlinear periodic waves traveling on a steady, uniform current were carried out in a potential, fully nonlinear numerical wave tank. The solver is based on the Βoundary Εlement Μethod (ΒΕΜ) with linear singularity distributions and plane elements and on the mixed Eulerian–Lagrangian formulation of the free surface equations. Wave generation is implemented along the inflow boundary by imposing the stream function wave solution, while wave absorption at both end-boundaries is effectively treated by introducing absorbing layers. On the absorbing beach side, the outflow boundary condition is modified to ensure that the solution accurately satisfies the dispersion relation of the generated waves. The modification involves a free-parameter that depends on the mass flux through the domain and is determined through a feedback error-correction loop. The developed method provides accurate time domain wave solutions for shallow, intermediate, and deep water depths of high wave steepness (wave heights up to 80% of the maximum value) that remain stable for 150 wave periods. This also holds in case a coplanar or opposing uniform current of velocity up to 20% of the wave celerity interacts with the wave.
39
McGhee, Jordan J., Nick Rawson, Barbara A. Bailey, Antonio Fernandez-Guerra, Laura Sisk-Hackworth e Scott T. Kelley. "Meta-SourceTracker: application of Bayesian source tracking to shotgun metagenomics". PeerJ 8 (24 marzo 2020): e8783. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.8783.
Abstract (sommario):
Background Microbial source tracking methods are used to determine the origin of contaminating bacteria and other microorganisms, particularly in contaminated water systems. The Bayesian SourceTracker approach uses deep-sequencing marker gene libraries (16S ribosomal RNA) to determine the proportional contributions of bacteria from many potential source environments to a given sink environment simultaneously. Since its development, SourceTracker has been applied to an extensive diversity of studies, from beach contamination to human behavior. Methods Here, we demonstrate a novel application of SourceTracker to work with metagenomic datasets and tested this approach using sink samples from a study of coastal marine environments. Source environment metagenomes were obtained from metagenomics studies of gut, freshwater, marine, sand and soil environments. As part of this effort, we implemented features for determining the stability of source proportion estimates, including precision visualizations for performance optimization, and performed domain-specific source-tracking analyses (i.e., Bacteria, Archaea, Eukaryota and viruses). We also applied SourceTracker to metagenomic libraries generated from samples collected from the International Space Station (ISS). Results SourceTracker proved highly effective at predicting the composition of known sources using shotgun metagenomic libraries. In addition, we showed that different taxonomic domains sometimes presented highly divergent pictures of environmental source origins for both the coastal marine and ISS samples. These findings indicated that applying SourceTracker to separate domains may provide a deeper understanding of the microbial origins of complex, mixed-source environments, and further suggested that certain domains may be preferable for tracking specific sources of contamination.
40
Nair, Ramya, Juliane Lauks, SangYong Jung, Nancy E. Cooke, Heidi de Wit, Nils Brose, Manfred W. Kilimann, Matthijs Verhage e JeongSeop Rhee. "Neurobeachin regulates neurotransmitter receptor trafficking to synapses". Journal of Cell Biology 200, n. 1 (31 dicembre 2012): 61–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.201207113.
Abstract (sommario):
The surface density of neurotransmitter receptors at synapses is a key determinant of synaptic efficacy. Synaptic receptor accumulation is regulated by the transport, postsynaptic anchoring, and turnover of receptors, involving multiple trafficking, sorting, motor, and scaffold proteins. We found that neurons lacking the BEACH (beige-Chediak/Higashi) domain protein Neurobeachin (Nbea) had strongly reduced synaptic responses caused by a reduction in surface levels of glutamate and GABAA receptors. In the absence of Nbea, immature AMPA receptors accumulated early in the biosynthetic pathway, and mature N-methyl-d-aspartate, kainate, and GABAA receptors did not reach the synapse, whereas maturation and surface expression of other membrane proteins, synapse formation, and presynaptic function were unaffected. These data show that Nbea regulates synaptic transmission under basal conditions by targeting neurotransmitter receptors to synapses.
41
Aarts, Cathelijn E. M., Kate Downes, Arie J. Hoogendijk, Evelien G. G. Sprenkeler, Roel P. Gazendam, Rémi Favier, Marie Favier et al. "Neutrophil specific granule and NETosis defects in gray platelet syndrome". Blood Advances 5, n. 2 (25 gennaio 2021): 549–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/bloodadvances.2020002442.
Abstract (sommario):
Abstract Gray platelet syndrome (GPS) is an autosomal recessive bleeding disorder characterized by a lack of α-granules in platelets and progressive myelofibrosis. Rare loss-of-function variants in neurobeachin-like 2 (NBEAL2), a member of the family of beige and Chédiak-Higashi (BEACH) genes, are causal of GPS. It is suggested that BEACH domain containing proteins are involved in fusion, fission, and trafficking of vesicles and granules. Studies in knockout mice suggest that NBEAL2 may control the formation and retention of granules in neutrophils. We found that neutrophils obtained from the peripheral blood from 13 patients with GPS have a normal distribution of azurophilic granules but show a deficiency of specific granules (SGs), as confirmed by immunoelectron microscopy and mass spectrometry proteomics analyses. CD34+ hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) from patients with GPS differentiated into mature neutrophils also lacked NBEAL2 expression but showed similar SG protein expression as control cells. This is indicative of normal granulopoiesis in GPS and identifies NBEAL2 as a potentially important regulator of granule release. Patient neutrophil functions, including production of reactive oxygen species, chemotaxis, and killing of bacteria and fungi, were intact. NETosis was absent in circulating GPS neutrophils. Lack of NETosis is suggested to be independent of NBEAL2 expression but associated with SG defects instead, as indicated by comparison with HSC-derived neutrophils. Since patients with GPS do not excessively suffer from infections, the consequence of the reduced SG content and lack of NETosis for innate immunity remains to be explored.
42
Theisen, Derek J., Jesse T. Davidson, Carlos G. Briseño, Marco Gargaro, Elvin J. Lauron, Qiuling Wang, Pritesh Desai et al. "WDFY4 is required for cross-presentation in response to viral and tumor antigens". Science 362, n. 6415 (8 novembre 2018): 694–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.aat5030.
Abstract (sommario):
During the process of cross-presentation, viral or tumor-derived antigens are presented to CD8+ T cells by Batf3-dependent CD8α+/XCR1+ classical dendritic cells (cDC1s). We designed a functional CRISPR screen for previously unknown regulators of cross-presentation, and identified the BEACH domain–containing protein WDFY4 as essential for cross-presentation of cell-associated antigens by cDC1s in mice. However, WDFY4 was not required for major histocompatibility complex class II presentation, nor for cross-presentation by monocyte-derived dendritic cells. In contrast to Batf3–/– mice, Wdfy4–/– mice displayed normal lymphoid and nonlymphoid cDC1 populations that produce interleukin-12 and protect against Toxoplasma gondii infection. However, similar to Batf3–/– mice, Wdfy4–/– mice failed to prime virus-specific CD8+ T cells in vivo or induce tumor rejection, revealing a critical role for cross-presentation in antiviral and antitumor immunity.
43
Liu, Xiaojian, Cheng Liu, Xiaowei Zhu, Yong He, Qisong Wang e Zhiyuan Wu. "3D Modeling and Mechanism Analysis of Breaking Wave-Induced Seabed Scour around Monopile". Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2020 (17 marzo 2020): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/1647640.
Abstract (sommario):
Breaking wave-induced scour is recognized as one of the major causes of coastal erosion and offshore structure failure, which involves in the full 3D water-air-sand interaction, raising a great challenge for the numerical simulation. To better understand this process, a nonlinear 3D numerical model based on the open-source CFD platform OpenFOAM® was self-developed in this study. The Navier–Stokes equations were used to compute the two-phase incompressible flow, combining with the finite volume method (FVM) to discretize calculation domain, a modified VOF method to track the free surface, and a k−ε model to closure the turbulence. The nearshore sediment transport process is reproduced in view of shear stress, suspended load, and bed load, in which the terms of shear stress and suspended load were updated by introducing volume fraction. The seabed morphology is updated based on Exner equation and implemented by dynamic mesh technique. The mass conservative sand slide algorithm was employed to avoid the incredible vary of the bed mesh. Importantly, a two-way coupling method connecting the hydrodynamic module with the beach morphodynamic module is implemented at each computation step to ensure the fluid-sediment interaction. The capabilities of this model were calibrated by laboratory data from some published references, and the advantages/disadvantages, as well as proper recommendations, were introduced. Finally, nonbreaking- and breaking wave-induced scour around the monopile, as well as breaking wave-induced beach evolution, were reproduced and discussed. This study would be significantly helpful to understand and evaluate the nearshore sediment transport.
44
Charlier, Roger H., e Constance C. Charlier. "Environmental, Economic, and Social Aspects of Marine Aggregates' Exploitation". Environmental Conservation 19, n. 1 (1992): 29–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0376892900030228.
Abstract (sommario):
The progressive depletion of land sources of construction materials poses increasingly acute supply problems to the building industry. Stricter rules than currently exist in relation to environmental concerns and their effective enforcement, while undoubtedly laudable, would exacerbate the situation and preclude opening, in many instances, new land-quarries. The search for alternative sources led naturally to exploitation of marine deposits. Beaches and near-shore areas have long been tapped for relatively small amounts of sand and gravel, but the new, greatly-increased demands for these materials poses a serious threat to many shores. Tourism and mining, unavoidably, have come into conflict. Beach protection, and, with increasing frequency, ‘renourishment’, is antipodal to granulates' mining. Offshore dredging has in some cases triggered accelerated beach erosion. The general rise of sea-level, and the consequences of exceptional-strength storms, have worsened erosion and greatly disturbed — occasionally irreversibly — the local sedimentary budget and transit. Technological progress, and more and more sophisticated equipment, permit greater efficiency in, and greater depth of, dredging operations.Besides their use for construction materials, the search for minerals in the marine domain also affects sands and gravels: placers and ores are available here, and mining in the coastal zone is no longer a marginal undertaking. Exploitation of ‘granulates’ ranks today as the second most important marine mining activity after oil extraction. Hence it is a top-priority topic for Quaternary economic geologists and environment specialists alike, while public awareness has henceforth to be reckoned with. Communication and information techniques must consequently be designed and vigorously propagated.
45
Noble, M. A., J. P. Xu, G. L. Robertson e L. K. Rosenfeld. "Distribution and sources of surfzone bacteria at Huntington Beach before and after disinfection on an ocean outfall – A frequency-domain analysis". Marine Environmental Research 61, n. 5 (giugno 2006): 494–510. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marenvres.2006.02.006.
46
Sarmento-Pantoja, Tânia, e Deurilene Silva. "EMPATIA E COMPAIXÃO: A FOTOGRAFIA COMO LUGAR DE MEMÓRIA". EntreLetras 13, n. 3 (2022): 139–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.20873/uft2179-3948.2022v13n3p139-155.
Abstract (sommario):
From the humanitarian crisis in Syria to its representation through the photograph of the little Aylan Kurdi –a Syrian boy of Kurdish ethnicity, found dead on a beach in Turkey –we think in this article the testimony through the aesthetics of the image and its impact in denouncing barbarism, as well as the human challenge of connecting with others in building lasting bonds through dialogue based on empathetic interaction and in tune with reparation. From the levinasian perspective of an ethics of responsibility, in a world connected to the internet, we understand how empathic sensitivity, when in the domain of the image, creates a relationship of similarity with the other, and even creates conditions to think like the other and about the other. another, either to succeed in mediating conflicts, or to reflect on the use of photography (also) as a place of memory.
47
Chazel, Florent, Michel Benoit e Alexandre Ern. "VALIDATION OF A DOUBLE-LAYER BOUSSINESQ-TYPE MODEL FOR HIGHLY NONLINEAR AND DISPERSIVE WAVES". Coastal Engineering Proceedings 1, n. 32 (2 febbraio 2011): 14. http://dx.doi.org/10.9753/icce.v32.waves.14.
Abstract (sommario):
A two-layer Boussinesq-type mathematical model has been recently introduced by the authors with the goal of modeling highly nonlinear and dispersive waves (Chazel et al. 2009). The analysis of this model has previously shown that it possesses excellent linear properties, up to kh = 10 at least, for dispersion, shoaling coefficient and vertical profile of orbital velocities. In the present work a numerical one-dimensional (1DH) version of model is developed based on a finite difference technique for meshing the spatial domain. It is then applied and verified against a set of three one-dimensional (1DH) test-cases for which either numerical or experimental reference results are available: i. nonlinear and dispersive regular waves of permanent form; ii. propagation of regular waves on a trapezoidal bar (laboratory experiments by Dingemans (1994)); iii. shoaling and propagation of irregular waves on a barred beach profile (laboratory experiments by Becq-Girard et al. (1999)). The test-cases considered in this study confirm the very good capabilities of the model to reproduce either exact solutions, high-precision numerical simulations and experimental measurements in a variety of non-breaking wave conditions and types of bottom profiles. Nonlinearity, dispersion and bathymetric effects are well accounted for by the model, which appears to possess a rather wide domain of validity while maintaining a reasonable level of complexity.
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Ertekin, R. C., e J. M. Becker. "Nonlinear Diffraction of Waves by a Submerged Shelf in Shallow Water". Journal of Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering 120, n. 4 (1 novembre 1998): 212–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2829542.
Abstract (sommario):
The diffraction of water waves by submerged obstacles in shallow water generally requires the use of a nonlinear theory since both dispersive and nonlinear effects are important. In this work, wave diffraction is studied in a numerical wave tank using the Level I Green-Naghdi (GN) equations. Cnoidal waves are generated numerically by a wave maker situated at one end of a two-dimensional numerical wave tank. At the downwave end of the tank, an open-boundary condition is implemented to simulate a wave-absorbing beach, and thus to reduce reflections. The GN equations are solved in the time-domain by employing a finite-difference method. The numerical method is applied to diffraction of cnoidal waves by a submerged shelf, or a sand bar, of considerable height relative to water depth. The predicted results are compared with the available experimental data which indicate the importance of nonlinearity for the shallow-water conditions.
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Steffens, Alexandra, Andrea Bräutigam, Marc Jakoby e Martin Hülskamp. "The BEACH Domain Protein SPIRRIG Is Essential for Arabidopsis Salt Stress Tolerance and Functions as a Regulator of Transcript Stabilization and Localization". PLOS Biology 13, n. 7 (2 luglio 2015): e1002188. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.1002188.
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Abdelrehim, Ramadan, Mohamed Ahmed e Mark E. Everett. "Hydrogeologic controls on barrier island geomorphology: Insights from electromagnetic surveys". Leading Edge 42, n. 9 (settembre 2023): 608–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/tle42090608.1.
Abstract (sommario):
Barrier islands provide a first line of defense for coastal communities against storms, hurricanes, and sea-level rise. The geomorphology of barrier islands exerts a major control on storm impact and island recovery. In turn, barrier island geomorphology is affected by subsurface hydrogeologic conditions. In this study, we investigated the relationship between subsurface hydrogeologic conditions and geomorphology of Padre Island, with a focus on the influence of human development. We measured apparent electrical conductivities using frequency-domain electromagnetic (FDEM) surveys and spatially correlated them with the island's morphology. The latter was generated from a 1 m resolution digital elevation model. Four distinct zones were identified from the observed variations in apparent conductivity and elevation, revealing their inverse correlation. The beach area (Zone I) exhibits the highest apparent conductivity (289.7 ± 66.3 mS/m) and the lowest elevations (1.4 ± 0.2 m). These trends are largely due to the proximity of the beach to saline groundwater and maritime floods. Conversely, the foredune area (Zone II) presents the lowest apparent conductivity (19.0 ± 3.4 mS/m) and the highest elevation (4.5 ± 0.4 m) due to a greater distance from saline waters, deeper groundwater levels, and relatively dry soil conditions. Human development has significantly impacted Zones III (east central zone) and IV (west central zone), contributing to an increase in apparent conductivity (Zone III: 40.3 ± 21.8 mS/m; Zone IV: 159.5 ± 83.0 mS/m) and a reduction in elevation (Zone III: 2.1 ± 0.5 m; Zone IV: 1.3 ± 0.4 m). Anthropogenic activities have modified hydrologic patterns, introduced conductive materials, and altered vegetation cover and soil composition. This research elucidates the interplay between subsurface electrical conductivity, surface morphology, and the impact of human development on barrier island geomorphology, providing crucial insights for coastal management and conservation efforts.