Tesi sul tema "Basses consommations"
Cita una fonte nei formati APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard e in molti altri stili
Vedi i top-50 saggi (tesi di laurea o di dottorato) per l'attività di ricerca sul tema "Basses consommations".
Accanto a ogni fonte nell'elenco di riferimenti c'è un pulsante "Aggiungi alla bibliografia". Premilo e genereremo automaticamente la citazione bibliografica dell'opera scelta nello stile citazionale di cui hai bisogno: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver ecc.
Puoi anche scaricare il testo completo della pubblicazione scientifica nel formato .pdf e leggere online l'abstract (il sommario) dell'opera se è presente nei metadati.
Vedi le tesi di molte aree scientifiche e compila una bibliografia corretta.
Mourabit, Aimad El. "Étude et conception d'opérateurs analogiques en CMOS, pour des applications basses fréquences, faibles tensions et faibles consommations". Lyon 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005LYO10105.
Testo completoBontems, William. "Conception d'un convertisseur analogique numérique de haute résolution et faible surface pour des applications de très faible consommation (Ultra Low Power)". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Grenoble Alpes, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024GRALT034.
Testo completoFollowing the present day environmental issues and the necessary innovation challenges, along with the increasing demand of connected or embedded devices, power consumption is becoming a bottleneck for front-end signal processing circuits. In advanced microelectronics technology nodes, the power supply reduction helps naturally for lower energy dissipation. However, important added efforts are needed for high resolution designs. New design architectures with improved methodologies are necessary to reach performances which could be qualified as "Low Power" or "Ultra Low Power" circuits.In this thesis, our work focused primarily on the analog-to-digital converter (ADC) block, which often accounts for a huge portion of the total power consumption in an analog read-out chain. We explain why successive approximations architectures are still highly competitive. This work highlights recent algorithms and methodologies aimed at achieving the best compromise between resolution, speed and power consumption. We pay constant attention to the die surface. Three versions of ADCs were carefully modeled using MATLAB tools and then designed in 65 nm CMOS technology to evaluate their performances:- A 15-bit resolution SAR ADC with a sampling rate of 200 KS/s.- A 12-bit resolution SAR ADC at a sampling rate of 1.5 MS/s.- A 12-bit resolution SAR ADC based on a time-interleaved architecture, achieving a conversion frequency of 40 MS/s.For these three circuits, a segmented and split digital-to-analog converter (DAC) architecture is used, which significantly reduced the area and relaxed constraints on reference voltages. Calibration algorithms and dynamic element matching were employed to compensate the capacitors mismatch impacts. Additionally, we investigated a new generation of comparator leveraging significantly the reduced power consumption in contrast to conventional comparators, but at the cost of limited speed. Finally, after layout completion, the average consumption and surface characteristics are as follows:- For the 15-bit ADC: 8 µW consumption and an area of 40 µm * 2280 µm.- For the 12-bit ADC: 10 µW consumption and an area of 40 µm * 770 µm.- For the interleaved 12-bit ADC: 280 µW consumption and an area of 1125 µm * 771 µm.These layouts are designed with a shape allowing for column parallel applications
Rios, Arámbula David. "Systèmes à microprocesseurs asynchrones basse consommation". Grenoble INPG, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008INPG0173.
Testo completoThis Work presents a contribution to the design of asynchronous QDI (Quasi Delay insensitive) circuits for low power consumption. A quick study of the power estimation techniques will be shown. The methodology proposed will be presented in the chapter 2. This methodology uses 3 tools that perform the synthesis, optimization and the estimation of the asynchronous QDI circuits. The design of those circuits is done with a high level language for asynchronous circuits (CHP). The third chapter shows a study of different architectures to select the best one in terms of power consumption, speed and size. That chapter also shows a comparison between the equivalent synchronous circuits. In the final chapter, a technique for the reduction of the power consumption is presented. This technique changes the voltage of the circuit with a feedback control
Achir, Mounir. "Technologies basse consommation pour les réseaux ad-hoc". Grenoble INPG, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005INPG0052.
Testo completoThis thesis concern the energy consumption studying of IEEE 802. 15. 4 networks (Low Rate-Wireless Personal Area Networks). This work contain two parts, in the first part, we propose a model from which we obtain an estimation of the power consumption in a wireless node while taking into account both MAC and PHY layers of this norm. We estimate this power consumption with a Markovien modelisation of the IEEE 802. 15. 4 MAC. The transition probabilities of the Markov chain are calculated using an interference and a traffic model. The synthesis of this work gives us a relation ship between nodes power consumption and each of the main parameters specified in the physical layer. In the second part, we explore the wireless routing possibilities in IEEE 802. 15. 4 networks. We propose a new routing protocol called MPSR (Multi-Path Source Routing Protocol). Through simulation, we demonstrate the robustness and the energy efficiency of MPSR and compare its results with classical routing protocols
Bonan, José. "Conversion analogique numérique basse consommation pour micro-capteurs". Paris 6, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA066550.
Testo completoFaye, Mathieu Coumba. "Etude de systèmes basse consommation avec récupération d'énergie". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Aix-Marseille, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019AIXM0634.
Testo completoNear field RFID technologies use to embark loop antennas large enough to provide the amount of energy needed by the all the circuits they are interfaced with. Reducing the size of those antennas facilitates their integration into small sized objects and opens up the possibility of new applications. However, it also reduces the energy transfer capability of the system. In order to keep the same functionalities with this size reduction trend, it is clear that each important part of the integrated circuit need to have a higher efficiency. Although an overall optimization, ensuring an optimal contribution of each of all the parts of the system, is more fitting. In addition to this energy drop, the current applications create an increasing need of high data volume exchange and high data rates. The main objectives of thesis work are the optimization of the power transfer capabilities of 13.56MHz passive RF systems and the improvement of the communication circuits. A thorough study, to identify the key factors in RF power transfer, have been led. The ultimate goal being the design of an optimized system. For the communication aspect a discrete PLL, based on injection locking and gradient descent algorithm, was studied and designed. Thus introducing a new method of carrier recovery in this field. This PLL provides a synchronous clock to the system during OOK modulation and also a sine shaped clock for quadrature demodulation. This method was successfully tested on ASK and PSK modulated signals.Two chip have been design and manufactured, using STMicroelectronics 130nm technology for the power recovery system and UMC 55nm technology for the clock and data recovery system
Jeanjean, Anaïs. "Approche d'intégration énergétique dans une maison basse consommation d'énergie". Perpignan, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PERP1124.
Testo completoLenoir, Vincent. "Architectures adaptatives basse consommation pour les communications sans-fil". Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015GREAT085/document.
Testo completoThis thesis work takes part in the connected objects theme, also known as the Internet of Things (IoT). It emerges from the Internet democratization since the early 2000's and the shift to highly mobile devices, made possible by the miniaturization of embedded systems. In this context, the energy efficiency is mandatory since today's projections are around tens of billions of connected devices in 2020. However for ease of deployment and usage, a large part of the data transfers in these networks is wireless, which implementation represents a significant part of the power consumption. Indeed, the energy efficiency question is addressed in general as a fine tuning of hardware architectures, which is often associated with a favorable technology evolution. Nevertheless, this design paradigm quickly reached its limits since it necessary implies a highly constrained sizing to be compatible with the worst operating conditions, even if they are not effective most of the time. It's typically the case with wireless communications since the radio channel is a medium characterized by a strong variability due to propagations effects and interferences. Thus, our study focused on the design of a communication chain whose link budget can be dynamically tuned depending on the actual signal attenuation, in order to reduce the system power consumption. The thesis has contributed to the design of a self-adaptive receiver dedicated to IEEE 802.15.4 standard, by proposing both a reconfigurable digital baseband architecture and an automatic control method of the operating mode. More precisely, the work relied on two approaches, the compressive sampling and the partial sampling, to reduce the data's size to process, decreasing the internal activity of arithmetics operators. In return, the demodulation processing needs a higher SNR, degrading in the same time the receiver sensitivity and thus the link budget. This solution, implemented in an STMicroelectronics CMOS 65 nm LP process, offers a low hardware overhead compared to conventional architecture with only 23,4 kgates. Thanks to the circuit physical model that has been developed, the power consumption for a packet demodulation is estimated to 278 uW when the baseband is fully activated. It can however be gradually decreased down to 119 uW, corresponding to a sensitivity reduction of 10 dB. Thus, the proposed digital baseband and its control loop save 30 % of energy in average in a typical use case
Bontemps, Stéphanie. "Validation expérimentale de modèles : application aux bâtiments basse consommation". Thesis, Bordeaux, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015BORD0337/document.
Testo completoConstruction of low, passive and positive energy buildings is generalizing and existing buildings are being renovated. For this reason, it is essential to use simulation in order to estimate, among other things, energy and environmental performances reached by these new buildings. Expectations regarding guarantee of energy performance being more and more important, it is crucial to ensure the reliability of simulation tools being used. Indeed, simulation codes should reflect the behavior of these new kinds of buildings in the most consistent and accurate manner. Moreover, the uncertainty related to design parameters, as well as solicitations and building uses have to be taken into account in order to guarantee building energy performance during its lifetime.This thesis investigates the empirical validation of models applied to a test cell building. This validation process is divided into several steps, during which the quality of the model is evaluated as far as consistency and accuracy are concerned. Several study cases were carried out, from which we were able to identify the most influential parameters on model output, inspect the influence of time step on the empirical validation process, analyze the influence of initialization and confirm methodology’s ability to test the model
Kelemen, Gabor. "Conception des circuits intégrés pour la basse consommation : méthodes comparees". Paris, ENST, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997ENST0001.
Testo completoGéron, Emmanuel. "Etude et realisation d'un recepteur radiofrequence basse consommation compatible dcs1800". Paris 6, 1997. https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01929343.
Testo completoPatrigeon, Guillaume. "Systèmes intégrés adaptatifs ultra basse consommation pour l’Internet des Objets". Thesis, Montpellier, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020MONTS036.
Testo completoThe Internet of Things is an infrastructure enabling advanced services by interconnecting things. Although the large variety of Internet of Things applications involve many kinds of technical solutions, many of those are based on a typical architecture that can be divided in three layers: the perception layer, the transport layer and the services layer. The dispositive that composed the perception layer, called “sensor nodes”, are subject of technical requirements: size, security, reliability, autonomous, and long lifetime. Sensor nodes’ energy efficiency is the most critical point where traditional technologies show their limitations. New strategies and solutions are proposed to overcome this technical challenge; however, how can those be evaluated, with which tools and at which level? How emerging technologies can be optimized and integrated inside microcontrollers for Internet of Things applications? Which are the new strategies for energy management to adopt with technologies such as 28 nm FD-SOI and non-volatiles memories? What are their limitations? Will they be sufficient?To evaluate the integration of emerging technologies inside low power microcontrollers, we propose a new methodology using an FPGA-based sensor node prototyping platform. Able to operate in already deployed wireless sensor networks, we use it to perform fast and precise evaluations, taking account of the application context. We studied and evaluated multiple memory architecture configurations based on STT magnetic memories as a replacement of traditional solutions, and showed that the non-volatile STT memory technology can improve a microcontroller’s energy efficiency for embedded applications
Kelemen, Gabor. "Conception des circuits intégrés pour la basse consommation : méthodes comparées /". Paris : École nationale supérieure des télécommunications, 1997. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb36168763c.
Testo completoChlela, Fadi. "Développement d'une méthodologie de conception de bâtiments à basse consommation d'énergie". Phd thesis, Université de La Rochelle, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00271813.
Testo completoL'objectif de ce travail est de développer une méthodologie pour réaliser des études de conception de bâtiments à basse consommation d'énergie. La méthodologie consiste à déterminer des modèles polynômiaux pour l'évaluation des performances énergétique et du confort thermique d'été des bâtiments, à l'aide de la méthode des plans d'expériences et des outils de simulation numérique. Ces modèles polynômiaux permettent de simplifier les études paramétriques, en apportant une réponse alternative aux outils de simulations numériques pour la recherche de solutions afin de concevoir des bâtiments à basse consommation d'énergie. La méthodologie est appliquée sur un bâtiment tertiaire à savoir un immeuble de bureaux.
Dans le premier chapitre, nous présentons l'état de l'art des bâtiments à basse consommation d'énergie et à énergie positive, dans le but de dresser un bilan de connaissances sur le contexte énergétique français, sur les labels mis en place en France et à l'étranger, sur les projets réalisés et sur les techniques utilisées pour concevoir des bâtiments à basse consommation d'énergie.
Ensuite, nous nous focalisons dans le second chapitre, sur le développement de modèles numérique nécessaires à l'élaboration de la méthodologie. Les modèles sont développés dans l'environnement MATLAB/SIMULINK et intégrés dans la bibliothèque SIMBAD, dédiée à la simulation numérique en thermique du bâtiment afin de participer à son développement. De plus, nous présentons des études d'évaluation énergétiques de systèmes spécifiques aux bâtiments à basse consommation d'énergie qui illustrent l'utilisation des modèles numériques développés.
Un cas d'étude est défini dans le troisième chapitre ainsi que les contextes climatiques à considérer, les principes de base de la méthode des plans d'expériences et un exemple de son application. Le cas d'étude considéré est un immeuble de bureaux, nommé Beethoven, dont les caractéristiques de base seront choisies selon les exigences de la réglementation thermique. Ces caractéristiques constituent la configuration de référence qui est améliorée en suivant la méthodologie développée. L'analyse des huit zones climatiques définies par la réglementation thermique et l'évaluation des performances énergétiques du bâtiment pour la configuration de référence par rapport à ces climats, permettent de sélectionner trois climats représentatifs pour la suite du travail. Enfin, un exemple d'application de la méthode des plans d'expériences pour une optimisation énergétique de la configuration de référence permet de justifier le choix de cette méthode.
Le début du quatrième chapitre est consacré au développement des modèles polynômiaux pour l'évaluation des performances énergétique et du confort thermique d'été du bâtiment Beethoven. Nous débutons ce chapitre par une évaluation des limites de la méthode des plans d'expériences pour déterminer ces modèles polynômiaux. Il en découle une méthodologie générale d'application de la méthode des plans d'expériences afin de développer des modèles polynômiaux pour réaliser des études de conception de bâtiment à basse consommation d'énergie. Ensuite, nous effectuons, à l'aide de ces modèles, une étude de sensibilité pour le bâtiment Beethoven et une analyse de solutions pour concevoir un bâtiment à basse consommation d'énergie selon divers critères énergétiques.
Dans le dernier chapitre, nous présentons un exemple d'application des modèles polynômiaux développés pour identifier des solutions pour la conception de l'enveloppe et des systèmes du bâtiment Beethoven, afin d'obtenir un bâtiment à basse consommation d'énergie, selon les critères du label Français Effinergie et du label Allemand Passivhaus. Les configurations basse consommation d'énergie obtenues sont comparées par rapport à la configuration de référence en termes de performances énergétiques, de confort thermique d'été et d'émissions CO2.
La méthodologie que nous proposons permet d'identifier, de manière simple et rapide, des solutions pour concevoir des bâtiments à basse consommation d'énergie. Les solutions sont sélectionnées à l'aide d'abaques définis avec les modèles polynomiaux développés. Le niveau de précision constaté par rapport à la simulation numérique est appréciable. Le choix des solutions est effectué parmi des millions de configurations de facteurs, déterminées à l'aide des modèles polynômiaux. La détermination de toutes ces configurations serait difficile voire impossible à réaliser directement à l'aide de la simulation numérique, sans avoir recours à des modèles polynomiaux, d'où l'avantage d'une telle méthodologie.
Enfin, cette méthodologie constitue une base robuste pour le développement d'outils d'aide à la décision, destinés aux différents acteurs du secteur du bâtiment pour la conception des bâtiments neufs et la rénovation thermique des bâtiments existants, selon les critères des bâtiments à basse consommation d'énergie.
Blervaque, Hubert. "Règles de modélisation des systèmes énergétiques dans les bâtiments basse consommation". Thesis, Paris, ENMP, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014ENMP0032/document.
Testo completoThe decrease of heat demands in low energy buildings requires to examine again modeling approaches in building energy simulation tools. The developed approach is based on a more accurate modeling of physical phenomena including the closed loop control between the HVAC system and the building. From the identification of the phenomena that specifically impact the energy behavior of the low energy buildings, some recommendation, or modeling rule, are established for the development of their HVAC systems. Those recommendations are applied in two case studies. Firstly, a dynamic simulation of a building and its system offers a better evaluation of the design power for a low energy building, affecting power demands and energy consumption. Then, a sensitivity analysis from Morris method on a generic representation of the HVAC system identifies the parameters to be accurately known. The difference between the developed approach and an hourly simulation with an ideal control is low for the evaluation of the heat load in an existing building but it is more than 20% in a low energy buildings. A difference of the same order of magnitude can be identified in the determination of the overall energy performance of the system by a more detailed consideration of the phenomena of cycling, the part load or the consumption of auxiliaries
Zielinski, Mateusz. "Système distribué actif sans fil basse consommation pour l'amortissement des vibrations". Thesis, Ecully, Ecole centrale de Lyon, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ECDL0029/document.
Testo completoFor centuries we have used vehicles equipped with the vibration suspension systems. These systems are used to provide comfort and safety. Nowadays we are implementing the active systems which can be adapted according to the real-time requirements. These types of systems are used to damp vibrations and to provide noise and vibration insulation. In the thesis we present a new approach of an adaptive system for automotive applications. We assume that a porting of a centralized system in a distributed system can improve its effectiveness. We offer a wireless sensor network for damping vibration in automotive applications. A network sensor is able to measure the vibrations, damp the vibrations and energy harvesting from vibrations by using a single piezoelectric element (Serial-SSHI method). We validate the network of nodes on a mechanical structure. The measurements are compared with finite element simulations. The results of measurements and simulations confirm the choice of solutions. The network node provides designed functionality with acceptable efficiency. We also validate the energy harvesting and the vibration measurements. The outcome of the work confirm a local effect of vibrations damping and a global effect (the designed Wireless Sensor Network provides a supplementary damping action)
Leroux, Guilian. "Etude d'un système innovant de rafraîchissement basse consommation pour le bâtiment". Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016GREAA015/document.
Testo completoTo face the dramatic increase of energy consumption due to air conditioning use in buildings, new low energy consumption systems need to be developed. This work proposes a new cooling system which aims to be energy efficient, cheap and easy to install. This system takes advantage of evaporation cooling, ground earth cooling and sky radiative cooling techniques. The two main components of this new system are a porous tank set outside and a storage tank set in the basement of the building. When the inside house temperature exceeds the comfort temperature, cool water passes from the storage tank through the cooling floor, removes heat from the building and is then send to the porous tank. The water contained in the porous tank is cooled down due to evaporation and radiative effects and then flows back to the storage. The storage tank installed in the basement enables further cooling of the water thanks to direct contact with the ground. Porous properties and geometry of the tank have a great influence on the cooling performances of the tank. A heat and mass transfer model has been developed to simulate the thermal and hydric behavior of the tank. This model has been used to choose an appropriate tank. A tank giving good performances (70 W/m2 of evaporative power) is identified. The complete cooling system has been installed on a house in Bordeaux and tested at real scale during an experimental campaign. The system worked for 44 days during summer 2015 and allowed to maintain a very good thermal comfort level in the experimental building (insulated, with solar load and without ventilation). Its very low electricity needs brings the average coefficient of performance of the system to 20.8. A numerical model of the system has been developed, calibrated with experimental data and coupled with a building model. Simulation results show that for all tested configurations (climate, shading…), the system clearly improves the thermal comfort in the building. Optimized sizing, keepinp reasonnable tank sizes (storage and evaporator volumes of 2.2 m3 and 0.215 m3 respectively), shows that this system works with an average COP of 24 and maintains a good comfort level in an individual house of 100 m2 located in Bordeaux
Bui, Duy-Hieu. "Système avancé de cryptographie pour l'internet des objets ultra-basse consommation". Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019GREAT001/document.
Testo completoThe Internet of Things (IoT) has been fostered by accelerated advancements in communication technologies, computation technologies,sensor technologies, artificial intelligence, cloud computing, and semiconductor technologies. In general, IoT contains cloud computing to do data processing, communication infrastructure including the Internet, and sensor nodes which can collect data, send them through the network infrastructure to the Internet, and receive controls to react to the environment. During its operations, IoT may collect, transmit and process secret data, which raise security problems. Implementing security mechanisms for IoT is challenging because IoT organizations include millions of devices integrated at multiple layers, whereas each layer has different computation capabilities and security requirements. Furthermore, sensor nodes in IoT are intended to be battery-based constrained devices with limited power budget, limited computation, and limited memory footprint to reduce costs. Implementing security mechanisms on these devices even encounters more challenges. This work is therefore motivated to focus on implementing data encryption to protect IoT sensor nodes and systems with the consideration of hardware cost, throughput and power/energy consumption. To begin with, a ultra-low-power block cipher crypto-accelerator with configurable parameters is proposed and implemented in ST 28nm FDSOI technology in SNACk test chip with two cryptography modules: AES and PRESENT. AES is a widely used data encryption algorithm for the Internet and currently used for new IoT proposals, while PRESENT is a lightweight algorithm which comes up with reduced security level but requires with much smaller hardware area and lower consumption. The AES module is a 32-bit datapath architecture containing multiple optimization strategies supporting multiple security levels from 128-bit keys up to 256-bit keys. The PRESENT module contains a 64-bit round-based architecture to maximize its throughput. The measured results indicate that this crypto-accelerator can provide medium throughput (around 20Mbps at 10MHz) while consumes less than 20uW at normal condition and sub-pJ of energy per bit. However, the limitation of crypto-accelerator is that the data has to be read into the crypto-accelerator and write back to memory which increases the power consumption. After that, to provide a high level of security with flexibility and configurability to adapt to new standards and to mitigate to new attacks, this work looks into an innovative approach to implement the cryptography algorithm which uses the new proposed In-Memory-Computing SRAM. In-Memory Computing SRAM can provide reconfigurable solutions to implement various security primitives by programming the memory's operations. The proposed scheme is to carry out the encryption in the memory using the In-Memory-Computing technology. This work demonstrates two possible mapping of AES and PRESENT using In-Memory Computing
Lacruche, Marc. "Caractérisation sécuritaire de circuits basse-consommation face aux attaques par laser". Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016AIXM4331/document.
Testo completoThe increasing complexity of integrated circuits and the explosion of the number of mobile devices today makes power consumption minimisation a priority in circuit design. However, it is necessary to make sure that it does not compromise the security of sensitive circuits. In this regard, physical attacks are a particular concern, as mobile devices are ideal targets for these attacks.This work aims at evaluating the impact of body-biasing on circuit vulnerability to laser attacks. These methods allow to dynamically adjust the performance/consumption ratio of a circuit by modifying the bias voltage of the body. It is divided in four chapters. It begins by introducing cryptography, physical attacks and low power design methods. Then the test bench used during this thesis is described, as well as the developpement work done in order to allow its automation. Then an initial study of the impact of short duration laser pulses on SRAM memories is presented. The third chapter reports the results of a laser fault injection campaign on memories subjected to Forward Body-Biasing. The results show a sensitivy increase of the circuits when supply voltage is lowered and FBB is activated. Based on these results, the last chapter introduces a method using the body-biasing and voltage scaling capabilities of a microcontroller to harden a hardware AES embedded on the latter.In conclusion, this works shows that low-power design methods can induce additional security risks if they are not carefully taken into account. However the additional capabilities of the circuits intended for power consumption reduction can be used in a different way to enhance device resillience to attacks
Lacruche, Marc. "Caractérisation sécuritaire de circuits basse-consommation face aux attaques par laser". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Aix-Marseille, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016AIXM4331.
Testo completoThe increasing complexity of integrated circuits and the explosion of the number of mobile devices today makes power consumption minimisation a priority in circuit design. However, it is necessary to make sure that it does not compromise the security of sensitive circuits. In this regard, physical attacks are a particular concern, as mobile devices are ideal targets for these attacks.This work aims at evaluating the impact of body-biasing on circuit vulnerability to laser attacks. These methods allow to dynamically adjust the performance/consumption ratio of a circuit by modifying the bias voltage of the body. It is divided in four chapters. It begins by introducing cryptography, physical attacks and low power design methods. Then the test bench used during this thesis is described, as well as the developpement work done in order to allow its automation. Then an initial study of the impact of short duration laser pulses on SRAM memories is presented. The third chapter reports the results of a laser fault injection campaign on memories subjected to Forward Body-Biasing. The results show a sensitivy increase of the circuits when supply voltage is lowered and FBB is activated. Based on these results, the last chapter introduces a method using the body-biasing and voltage scaling capabilities of a microcontroller to harden a hardware AES embedded on the latter.In conclusion, this works shows that low-power design methods can induce additional security risks if they are not carefully taken into account. However the additional capabilities of the circuits intended for power consumption reduction can be used in a different way to enhance device resillience to attacks
Turier, Arnaud. "Etude, conception et caractérisation de mémoires Cmos, faible consommation, faible tension en technologies submicroniques". Paris 6, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA066543.
Testo completoGENG, PENG. "Etude et realisation d'un synthetiseur de frequence basse consommation pour radiotelephone mobile". Paris 6, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA066158.
Testo completoErnst, Thomas. "Etude des structures MOSFET avancées sur SOI pour les applications basse consommation". Grenoble INPG, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000INPG0118.
Testo completoRoudet, Fabrice. "Communication radiofréquence à très basse consommation d'énergie dans un environnement hautement perturbé". Grenoble INPG, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008INPG0090.
Testo completoCalenzo, Patrick. "Développement de nouvelles architectures mémoires non volatiles bas coût et basse consommation". Aix-Marseille 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009AIX11051.
Testo completoThe objectives of this thesis are to conceive and to develop non volatile memories with floating gate which are low cost, low voltage consumption and compatible with a CMOS standard logic process. In order to be carried out, a state of the art has put forth the cells which are “high-achieving” in this technology. This has permitted to see the qualities and the defects of the cells and enabled to target the main points which need careful consideration. From this onwards, a calibration methodology, usable for any semi conductor device, has been developed. This methodology was put into practice on an EEPROM cell, which served as the foundations for the development of the memory cells, throughout this paper. Furthermore, a single poly silicon double implant memory cell has been studied. This cell has been developed from its operating concept to its electric validation on silicon. The manufacturing process suggested gave way to a single poly-silicon memory cell in a CMOS logic technology. In addition, the cell consumption is in perfect accordance with the low voltage consumption criteria. Finally, this cell is interesting in regards to its size which is only 1,1 μm² in a technology of 0,13 μm. This makes it the smallest existing cell for this particular type of memory. In parallel to this work, another single poly silicon cell, which exists in two different versions, has been suggested. These cells have the particularity to be created in a shallow trench isolation. This reinforces the idea of low cost because the surface of the unit cell can be reduced but at the same time remains compatible with a CMOS standard logic process. All the basics needed to create this cell have been validated electrically and give way to encouraging energy consumption results. The outlook for this work would be to improve the two developed concepts in order to have them industrialized
Bartoli, Jonathan. "Développement et caractérisation d'architectures mémoires non volatiles pour des applications basse consommation". Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015AIXM4373.
Testo completoWith the evolution of technologies and the development of connected objects, the circuit consumption is becoming an important subject. In this thesis, we focus on the consumption of trap-charge non-volatile memories. To decrease the consumption, different architectures have emerged, like 2T or Split Gate memories. We propose two new memory architectures allowing to decrease the consumption compared to the standard Flash memory. The first, called ATW (Asymmetrical Tunnel Window), is composed of an oxide step in the tunnel oxide which allows to be less consumer than a standard Flash memory. A second memory architecture called eSTM (embedded Select Trench Memory) is also presented. Its main advantage is its select transistor which is essential to obtain a lower consumption. Thanks to its architecture, this cell is better than the previously proposed architecture (ATW). The last study has been performed to optimize the process flow of the eSTM memory to make it more robust
Bartoli, Jonathan. "Développement et caractérisation d'architectures mémoires non volatiles pour des applications basse consommation". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Aix-Marseille, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015AIXM4373.
Testo completoWith the evolution of technologies and the development of connected objects, the circuit consumption is becoming an important subject. In this thesis, we focus on the consumption of trap-charge non-volatile memories. To decrease the consumption, different architectures have emerged, like 2T or Split Gate memories. We propose two new memory architectures allowing to decrease the consumption compared to the standard Flash memory. The first, called ATW (Asymmetrical Tunnel Window), is composed of an oxide step in the tunnel oxide which allows to be less consumer than a standard Flash memory. A second memory architecture called eSTM (embedded Select Trench Memory) is also presented. Its main advantage is its select transistor which is essential to obtain a lower consumption. Thanks to its architecture, this cell is better than the previously proposed architecture (ATW). The last study has been performed to optimize the process flow of the eSTM memory to make it more robust
Tittelein, Pierre. "Environnements de simulation adaptés à l'étude du comportement énergétique des bâtiments basse consommation". Phd thesis, Chambéry, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00350664.
Testo completoLes environnements de simulation énergétique existants ont été conçus pour des bâtiments classiques pour lesquels les consommations sont beaucoup plus importantes que celles fixées pour 2012, il faut donc voir si les modèles mais aussi les méthodes de simulations utilisés correspondent toujours aux spécificités de ces nouveaux bâtiments. L'objectif de ce travail est de montrer l'intérêt d'utiliser un environnement de simulation basé sur les systèmes d'équations pour étudier le comportement énergétique des bâtiments basse consommation.
Pour cela, plusieurs modèles ont été implémentés dans l'environnement SIMSPARK. Il s'agit d'un modèle de matériau à changement de phase, d'un modèle de prise en compte du rayonnement de courtes longueurs d'onde par calcul de la tache solaire et d'un modèle d'échangeur air-sol. Ils ont été intégrés dans un modèle global de bâtiment basse consommation ce qui a permis de montrer les avantages de l'environnement de simulation utilisé. Le fait qu'il soit orienté objet permet de valider indépendamment les nouveaux modèles puis de les intégrer facilement à un modèle de niveau hiérarchique supérieur. Le fait qu'il soit basé sur les systèmes d'équations a permis grâce à la non orientation a priori du modèle d'inverser le sens de résolution de plusieurs problèmes dans une simulation dynamique. Enfin, la robustesse des méthodes de résolution utilisées a été éprouvée.
Cabout, Thomas. "Optimisation technologique et caractérisation électrique de mémoires résistives OxRRAM pour applications basse consommation". Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014AIXM4778/document.
Testo completoToday, non-volatile memory market is dominated by charge storage based technologies. However, this technology reaches his scaling limits and solutions to continue miniaturization meet important technological blocks. Thus, to continue scaling for advanced nodes, new non-volatile solutions are developed. Among them, oxide based resistive memories (OxRRAM) are intensively studied. Based on resistance switching of Metal/Isolator/Metal stack, this technology shows promising performances and scaling perspective but isn’t mature and still suffer from a lake of switching mechanism physical understanding.Results presented in this thesis aim to contribute to the development of OxRRAM technology. In a first part, an analysis of different materials constituting RRAM allow us to compare unipolar and bipolar switching modes and select the bipolar one that benefit from lower programming voltage and better performances. Then identified memory stack TiNHfO2Ti have been integrated in 1T1R structure in order to evaluate performances and limitation of this structure. Operating of 1T1R structure have been carefully studied and good endurance and retention performances are demonstrated. Finally, in the last part, thermal activation of switching characteristics have been studied in order to provide some understanding of the underling physical mechanisms. Reset operation is found to be triggered by local temperature while retention performances are dependent of Set temperature
Huguenin, Jean-luc. "Etude de dispositifs à film mince pour les technologies sub-22nm basse consommation". Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00680798.
Testo completoHuguenin, Jean-Luc. "Etude de dispositifs à film mince pour les technologies sub-22nm basse consommation". Thesis, Grenoble, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011GRENT073/document.
Testo completoFor more than 50 years, microelectronic industry is driven by a race to the miniaturisation of its central element, the MOS transistor, to improve the integration density, the performances and the cost of the electronic integrated circuits. Since the adoption of 100nm node, the only reduction of the dimensions of the transistor is no more sufficient and new technological modules (use of strain, high-k/metal gatestack…) have been introduced. However, conventional MOSFET, even opimized, will soon be unable to reach the specifications, always higher, of new technologies. Then, new structures should be considered to help and, finally, to replace the BULK technology. In this context, the work concerns the study, the fabrication and the electrical characterization of the thin film devices : Localized-SOI (LSOI) and planar gate-all-around (GAA). The obtained resultats point out the interest of such devices which allow the reduction of the leakage current (and thus the consumption), an excellent control of electrostatics and are able to work with an undoped channel while offering very good static performances. Impact of (110) substrates on transport properties in LSOI transistors is also studied. This work focuses on the integration of a full low-power platform, what induces the possibility of an hybrid integration with BULK devices and to offer several threshold voltages, everything on the same chip
Morin, Elodie. "Interopérabilité de protocole de communication adaptatifs basse-consommation pour des réseaux de capteurs". Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018GREAM022/document.
Testo completoThe growth of various technologies dedicated to sensor networks (WSN) has led to the development of platforms capable of operating in two different technologies, adaptive to transmission contexts. Such platforms open the door to the design of multi-technology networks, which we propose to exploit to reduce overall energy consumption. In order to exploit these multi-technology networks, we describe the main Internet of Things (IoT) technologies, comparing them on an equal footing thanks to the analyzer we developed, and classify them according to the MAC mechanisms they use. We then analyze the link between the application context (latency and frequency of data generation) and the MAC mechanism that consumes the least energy for this application context.We note that the technologies operating with a synchronous MAC mechanism are the most suitable for periodic application traffic with short intervals between data generation. For these traffic patterns, clock drift leads to extensive traffic overhead because of the need to actively maintain synchronization for sparse periodic traffic.Moreover, we notice that, in the existing solutions, the management of sparce application traffic management is based on the use of an always-on platform (in reception mode). We thus propose to exploit the multi-technology platforms to build a synchronous network in which each node distributes its activity over time to globally save energy by replacing the role of the always-on platform, while guaranteeing the delivery of the latency-constrained asynchronous traffic.We notice that during the synchronous network joining phase, the situation of the node attempting to join a synchronous network is similar to the situation of an asynchronous node wanting to deliver data through a synchronous network.Thus, we propose to exploit the synchronous network joining phase to route latency-constrained traffic originating from asynchronous nodes through the synchronous network.However, the currently standardised network attachment procedures are naïve and energy-greedy, which discourages the use of an asynchronous communication mode, based on a succession of network associations/dissociations: we thus propose two approaches to reduce the cost of the TSCH network attachment procedure.The first is based on the use of mathematical sequences wich distribute the periods of activity over time, while minimizing the impact on the latency of the procedure, in order to reduce the overall energy cost of the attachment procedure. The second proposed method exploits the acknowledgement frames (ACK) of TSCH data communications to embed the date of the next synchronization frame transmission on the same physical channel as the ACK frame. Thanks to the development of a simulator of the TSCH joining phase, we show that the proposed protocols achieve better performance, either in terms of joining latency, or in terms of overall energy consumption, than the standard joining protocols used in WSN.Finally, we propose to exploit the mechanisms of the second proposal for sending request frames to a node operating with an asynchronous technology, thus enabling asynchronous traffic to be routed through a synchronous network in bounded latency. We demonstrate the value and feasibility of such a proposal
Berthier, Florent. "Conception d'un processeur ultra basse consommation pour les noeuds de capteurs sans fil". Thesis, Rennes 1, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016REN1S130/document.
Testo completoThis PhD work focuses on the reduction of energy consumption and wake up time reduction of a WSN node microcontroller through innovations at architectural, circuit and power management level. This work proposes a partitioned microcontroller architecture between a programmable wake up processor, named Wake Up Controller on which this work is focused, and a main processor. The first deals with the common tasks of a wireless sensor node while the second manages the irregular tasks. TheWake Up Controller proposed in this work is a 16-bit RISC processor whose instruction set has been adapted to handle regular tasks of a sensor node. It only executes code on interruptions. It is implemented in asynchronous / synchronous mixed logic to improve wake up time and energy. A circuit was fabricated in a 28nm UTBB FDSOI technology integrating the Wake Up Controller. The core reaches 11,9 MIPS for 125 μW average power consumption in active phase and wakes up from sleep mode in 55ns from eight possible interruption sources. The static power consumption is around 4μW for the asynchronous logic core at 0.6V without power gating and 500nW when gated
Boutet, P. A. "Réalisation et optimisation d'une électronique intégrée basse consommation pour la mesure de gaz polluants". Phd thesis, Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand II, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00797888.
Testo completoHaffner, Thibault. "Elaboration et intégration de nanofils GeSn pour la réalisation de dispositifs nanoélectroniques basse consommation". Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes, 2020. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-03066536.
Testo completoSince the 1960's, technological development has been mainly driven by the miniaturization of components and follows the famous Moore's law. Indeed, miniaturization brought many advantages at the start. Lower switching time, more compact systems, lower supply voltage, and therefore, transistors consuming less, etc. However, this approach has started to falter in recent years. Indeed, the limits of miniaturization began to appear and the overall power consumption of the circuits began to increase which limits the realization of the systems. It then becomes necessary to develop low-consumption components, such as tunnel effect transistors. These transistors have, to date, a major defect which is their currents in the on state, much weaker than the MOSFETs. This current depends mainly on the architecture of the transistor as well as on the gap width of the source material.In this thesis, we propose to develop and study nanowires and heterostructures based on the germanium-tin alloy. The $ Ge_{1-x}Sn_x $ is an alloy of column IV which has a very small gap, less than 0.66 eV with the particularity of passing from an indirect gap to a direct gap from a concentration 10% of tin, which is favorable to tunnel effect transistors. Nanowires were developed by chemical vapor deposition using the vapor-liquid-solid mechanism and physicochemical analyzes such as X-ray spectroscopy and nano-Auger spectroscopy were used to characterize them. Hypotheses have been put forward in order to understand the mechanisms involved in the growth of GeSn nanowires and to better control their development. Axial heterostructures which will serve as basic materials for the realization of tunnel effect transistors are presented and detailed. We then present the study of the GeSn/dielectric interface in order to improve the performance of MOS capacities on GeSn, and therefore, to improve nanoelectronic devices. Chemical treatments were applied to the GeSn surface, and XPS and pAR-XPS analyzes were conducted to determine the effectiveness of the treatments. In order to improve the performance of the MOS capacities, we deposited a stack formed of an interfacial layer followed by a dielectric with high permittivity, such as $ HfO_2$, in order to obtain a low interface trap density. Finally, the integration and study of tunnel effect transistors based on heterostructures are presented. We first present the technological development stages developed in order to produce nanoelectronic devices. The doping levels of the heterostructures were evaluated by means of resistivity measurements. The performances of tunnel effect transistors were evaluated using electrical measurements and were compared with the current state of the art
Benjilali, Wissam. "Etude d'architectures d'imageurs exploitant l'acquisition compressive pour la classification d'images à basse consommation énergétique". Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019GREAT067.
Testo completoRecent advances in the field of CMOS Image Sensors (CIS) tend to revisit the canonical image acquisition and processing pipeline to enable on-chip advanced image processing applications such as decision making. Despite the tremendous achievements made possible thanks to technology node scaling and 3D integration, designing a CIS architecture with on-chip decision making capabilities still a challenging task due to the amount of data to sense and process, as well as the hardware cost to implement state-of-the-art decision making algorithms. In this context, Compressive Sensing (CS) has emerged as an alternative signal acquisition approach to sense the data in a compressed representation. When based on randomly generated sensing models, CS enables drastic hardware saving through the reduction of Analog to Digital conversions and data off-chip throughput while providing a meaningful information for either signal recovery or signal processing. Traditionally, CS has been exploited in CIS applications for compression tasks coupled with a remote signal recovery algorithm involving high algorithmic complexity. To alleviate this complexity, signal processing on CS provides solid theoretical guarantees to perform signal processing directly on CS measurements without significant performance loss opening as a consequence new ways towards the design of low-power smart sensor nodes.Built on algorithm and hardware research axes, this thesis illustrates how Compressive Sensing can be exploited to design low-power sensor nodes with efficient on-chip decision making algorithms. After an overview of the fields of Compressive Sensing and Machine Learning with a particular focus on hardware implementations, this thesis presents four main contributions to study efficient sensing schemes and decision making approaches for the design of compact CMOS Image Sensor architectures. First, an analytical study explores the interest of solving basic inference tasks on CS measurements for highly constrained hardware. It aims at finding the most beneficial setting to perform decision making on Compressive Sensing based measurements. Next, a novel sensing scheme for CIS applications is presented. Designed to meet both theoretical and hardware requirements, the proposed sensing model is shown to be suitable for CIS applications addressing both image rendering and on-chip decision making tasks. On the other hand, to deal with on-chip computational complexity involved by standard decision making algorithms, new methods to construct a hierarchical inference tree are explored to reduce MAC operations related to an on-chip multi-class inference task. This leads to a joint acquisition-processing optimization when combining hierarchical inference with Compressive Sensing. Finally, all the aforementioned contributions are brought together to propose a compact CMOS Image Sensor architecture enabling on-chip object recognition facilitated by the proposed CS sensing scheme, reducing as a consequence on-chip memory needs. The only additional hardware compared to a standard CIS architecture using first order incremental Sigma-Delta Analog to Digital Converter (ADC) are a pseudo-random data mixing circuit, an +/-1 in-Sigma-Delta modulator and a small Digital Signal Processor (DSP). Several hardware optimization are presented to fit requirements of future ultra-low power (≈µW) CIS design
Perrin, Olivier. "Modélisation et diagnostic de pannes dans des organes de véhicules automobiles à basse consommation". Rennes 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003REN10158.
Testo completoBoutet, Paul-Antoine. "Réalisation et optimisation d'une électronique intégrée basse consommation pour la mesure de gaz polluants". Thesis, Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012CLF22312.
Testo completoIn order to realize an innovative product for pollutants in the atmosphere, SVS@CAP company started in 2009 the EUREBUS project in collaboration with the "Laboratoire de Physique Corpusculaire". The aim of this project is to design a wireless equipement to measure gas concentrations. The key issues of this project are concerning the autonomy as well as the small size of the product. In consequence an integrated and low power electronics remains essential. From a first study of the existing technologies to detect gaz concentrations, electrochemical sensors were selected because of their low power consumption. For each of the target gas, an electrical model was determined. From those models, a specific architecture was designed. A special effort was made on the energy consumption thanks to the use of the gm/id methodology which was necessary to achieve and exceed the specifications. The final order of the power consumption of the front-end developped and realized is around the μW. Finally, in order to complete the chain of acquisition, some architectures of analog to digital converter were studied, developped and realized with sample frequencies close to the Hz. The power consumptions of the converters developped are limited to the order of the hundreds of nW
Bidal, Gregory. "Intégration et caractérisation de nouveaux modules technologiques pour les applications CMOS à basse consommation". Grenoble INPG, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009INPG0082.
Testo completoMobile multimedia applications are requiring new CM OS technological solutions in order to improve the performance/consumption trade-off. Since devices dimensions are entering into the nanoscale era, parasitic phenomenon are becoming less and less negligible. This work deals with the study, the fabrication and the characterization of new technological modules that are suitable for reducing leakage components and for boosting carriers transport. Chapter 1 is a review of the state-of-the-art. Chapter 2 presents technological integration of each module and their co-integrability. Chapter 3 gives an overview of electrical performances finally discussed in circuits and SRAM perspectives. Last, in depth characterization of transport relevant parameters su ch as mobility and velocity is detailed in chapter 4. The latter tries to give the main transport limitations for each architecture
Jaffal, Issa. "Vers une conception rationnelle des bâtiments à basse consommation d'énergie : méthodologie d'évaluation des performances thermiques". La Rochelle, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009LAROS279.
Testo completoThe building sector has a high potential to reduce energy consumption. A rational choice among the design alternatives is an essential but complex issue, requiring the evaluation of the impact of a large number of alternatives on the different performance aspects of the building. This work proposes a methodology to evaluate thermal performance adaptable to a rational building design. The developed models satisfy several requirements including speed and accuracy. The choice of parameters is derived from the study of the heat flow in buildings. The method is applied to evaluate the heating demand of a single family house for three types of French climate. The coefficients of the models are identified with a low number of dynamic simulations using the design of experiment method. The best obtained accuracy is around the tenth of kWh/m²year. The models can analyze the effect of the different parameters on the heating demand. They also allow a better understanding of the influence of building heat flow. The application of the method to evaluate the cooling demand and the summer thermal comfort in a residential apartment shows an accuracy of the same order of magnitude as the one obtained with the heating demand. Finally, a prototype tool for choosing solutions based on the studied models is proposed. It allows guiding an evolutionary choice of solutions from a desired performance of the building designers
Slimani, Mariem. "Contributions à la diminution de consommation des circuits numériques". Thesis, Paris, ENST, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013ENST0016/document.
Testo completoThis thesis focuses on different aspects of ”Low Energy Design”. First, reversible logic, as it is the first attempt for low energy computing, is briefly dis- cussed. Then, we focus on dynamic energy saving in the combinational part of CMOS circuits. We propose a new method to reduce glitches based on dual threshold voltage technique. Simulation results report more than 16% average glitch reduction. We also show that combining dual-threshold to gate-sizingtechnique is very interesting for glitch filtering as it brings up to 27 % energy savings. In the third part of this dissertation, we have been interested in sub-threshold operation where the minimum energy can be achieved using a reduced supply voltage. Sub-threshold operation has been an efficient solution for energy-constrained applications with low speed requirements. However, it is very sensitive to process variability which can impact the robustness and effective performance of the circuit. We propose a model valid in sub and near threshold regions in order to correctly estimate the circuit performance in a variability aware analysis. We provide an analytical solution for the optimum supply voltage that minimizes the total energy per operation while considering variability effects. Spice simulations matches the analytical result to within 6%
Masmoudi, Raouia. "Télécommunications domotiques efficaces en termes de consommation d’énergie". Thesis, Cergy-Pontoise, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015CERG0791.
Testo completoThe radio spectrum is a limited resource which must be used in an optimal way. Recent works in the literature aim to improve the use of radio frequencies by exploiting intelligent techniques from signal processing, such as the cognitive radio paradigm. In this thesis, we study a joint spectrum scheduling and power allocation problem in a Cognitive Radio (CR) system composed of several secondary users (SUs) and primary users (PUs). The objective is to optimize the energy efficiency of the SUs while guaranteeing that the interference created to the PUs is kept below a maximum tolerated level. We analyze energy efficiency metrics in wireless communications using a common unifying framework based on convex multi-criteria optimization tools, which includes the three of the most popular energyefficiency metrics in the literature : weighted difference between overall achievable rate and power consumption, the ratio between the overall rate and consumed power and overall consumed power under minimum rate constraint. Then, we further focus on the study of the opportunistic power minimization problem over several orthogonal frequency bands under constraints on the minimum Quality of Service (QoS) and maximum interference to the PUs. Given the opposing nature of these constraints, we first study the feasibility of the problem and we provide sufficient conditions and necessary conditions that guarantee the existence of a solution. The main challenge lies in the non-convexity of the joint spectrum and power allocation problem due to the discrete spectrum scheduling parameter of SUs. To overcome this issue, we use a Lagrangian relaxation technique to solve a convexproblem. We prove that the discrete solutions of the relaxed problem are the solutions of the initial problem. When a solution exists, we propose an iterative algorithm based on subgradient method to compute an optimal solution. We show that the optimal scheduling is more efficient compared to other conventional spectrum allocations (e.g. interlaced, blockwise). In the particular case of two orthogonal bands and an unique SU, we provide an analytical solution that does not require an iterative algorithm
Chandernagor, Lucie. "Etude, conception et réalisation d’un récepteur d’activation RF ultra basse consommation pour l’internet des objets". Thesis, Limoges, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LIMO0126/document.
Testo completoWireless technologies are now widespread due to the easiness of use they provide. Consequently, the number of radio devices increases. Despite of the efforts to reduce radio circuits power consumption as they are more and more numerous, now they must achieve ultra-low power consumption. Today, radio devices are made more efficient to reduce their power consumption especially for the receiving part. Indeed, for asynchronous communication, a lot of energy is wasted by the receiver waiting for a transmission. In order to avoid this waste, new standards have been created such as Zigbee and Bluetooth Low Energy. Due to periodic operation with ultra-low duty cycle, they provide ultra-low power consumption. Another solution to drastically reduce the power consumption has emerged, wake-up receiver. Wake-up receivers are based in simple architecture to provide ultra-low power consumption, they are only in charge to wait for a frame and when it occurs, wake-up the main receiver put in standby mode before that. The proposed wake-up receiver has been designed in NXP CMOS technology 160 μm. It provides a-54 dBm sensitivity, consuming 35 μA which allows a 70m range considering a 10 dBm emitter at 433,92 MHz. This wake-up receiver operates with ASK modulation, compared to others it provides a smart patented calibration system to get the necessary reference voltage for demodulation. This mechanism provide DC offset robustness and does not drain any current while the wake-up receiver is operating. To wake up the main receiver a 24 bits programmable Manchester code is required. This code at 25 kbps is programmable by the use of an SPI interface
Agharben, El Amine. "Optimisation et réduction de la variabilité d’une nouvelle architecture mémoire non volatile ultra basse consommation". Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSEM013.
Testo completoThe global semiconductor market is experiencing steady growth due to the development of consumer electronics and the wake of the non-volatile memory market. The importance of these memory products has been accentuated since the beginning of the 2000s by the introduction of nomadic products such as smartphones or, more recently, the Internet of things. Because of their performance and reliability, Flash technology is currently the standard for non-volatile memory. However, the high cost of microelectronic equipment makes it impossible to depreciate them on a technological generation. This encourages industry to adapt equipment from an older generation to more demanding manufacturing processes. This strategy is not without consequence on the spread of the physical characteristics (geometric dimension, thickness ...) and electrical (current, voltage ...) of the devices. In this context, the subject of my thesis is “Optimization and reduction of the variability of a new architecture ultra-low power non-volatile memory”.This study aims to continue the work begun by STMicroelectronics on the improvement, study and implementation of Run-to-Run (R2R) control loops on a new ultra-low power memory cell. In order to ensure the implementation of a relevant regulation, it is essential to be able to simulate the process manufacturing influence on the electrical behavior of the cells, using statistical tools as well as the electric characterization
Bouaziz, Jordan. "Mémoires ferroélectriques non-volatiles à base de (Hf,Zr)O2 pour la nanoélectronique basse consommation". Thesis, Lyon, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LYSEI057.
Testo completoSince 2005, the scaling of memory devices, which used to follow Moore's law, slowed down. This lead researchers to conduct multiple approaches in order to keep improving memory devices. Among these approaches, the pathway on ferroelectric components seems very promising. In 2011, a research team from the NamLab in Dresden, Germany, discovered that Si-doped HfO2 could become ferroelectric with an insulating layer of only 10 nm, which resolves the compatibility issue of perovskite-structured materials with CMOS industry. Since then, other dopants have been investigated. However, new issues are now slowing down the emergence of HfO2-based ferroelectric devices on the market. Understanding the mechanisms behind the ferroelectric properties of these materials has, therefore, become a major industrial issue. In this manuscript, we study (Hf,Zr)O2 (HZO), and we perform an under-utilized technique to elaborate this kind of material: magnetron sputtering. The goal of this thesis is to establish connections between the growth conditions of this material and the electrical properties, to understand the mechanisms behind them, as well as to make the memory devices viable. During the fabrication of the capacitors, we demonstrate that the particular cristallochemical properties are essential to obtain ferroelectricity, and that novel HZO properties are discovered. Afterwards, we seek to cross the state of the art. The results we obtain by sputtering are among the best in the world. The industrial endurance and retention tests are pushed beyond what has been done in the literature so far. Particularly, the influence of electrical stress conditions is thoroughly detailed, and we put to evidence the presence of a relaxation during the different tests that could turn out to become problematic for the emergence of industrial applications. It does not seem that this problem has been identified beforehand
Ketfi-Cherif, Ahmed. "Modélisation mathématique d'organes de véhicules automobiles à basse consommation : applications en simulation, estimation et commande". Paris 9, 1999. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=1999PA090037.
Testo completoTolza, Xavier. "Techniques embarquées de localisation indoor exploitant le protocole Bluetooth pour des objets connectés basse consommation". Thesis, Toulouse, INSA, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020ISAT0013.
Testo completoLocalization is an information used by many fields in both the civil and military sectors: war, exploration, aeronautical/naval/space navigation, construction, logistics, etc.Since the Second World War and the democratization of consumer radio equipment (telephones, GNSS receivers, etc.), localization by radio waves has gradually established itself as the standard method of localization in a large number of fields.From the last century until today, the capacities of localization systems have increased, thanks to the constant improvement of the computing power of integrated circuits and their miniaturization, making it possible to integrate localization functionalities in an increasing number mobile equipment. The measurement of radio signals and the calculations necessary for position estimation can now be performed on small on-board equipment.However, current solutions mostly use fixed and wired radio equipment to allow the location of mobile connected objects. However, it is preferable for many use cases that the entire system runs on batteries: temporary deployments, environments without a power network or too high installation costs. It is therefore necessary to assess and improve the energy autonomy of current location algorithms.Many connected objects are already in circulation, research around a location system compatible with those already existing equipment arouses great research interest. A large part of current connected objects using standardized protocols in the 2.4GHZ ISM band, numerous studies assess the relevance of those signals for indoor positioning. The Bluetooth standard is widely used and energy efficient, making it an attractive candidate for indoor location. The studies presenting a localization system using this protocol are numerous, but there is no conclusive comparison on the performances of the main existing algorithms using ultra low consumption equipment.The objective of this study is to study and develop a localization system applied to indoor localization, using the Bluetooth protocol and fully autonomous on battery. A comparison between the main existing techniques and algorithms (reception power (RSSI), arrival time (ToA) and angle of arrival (AoA)) will be carried out and energy autonomy will be assessed.First, the physical models of these three techniques are compared, and a parametric optimization to estimate a position from the raw measurements is presented. Different energy management strategies are presented and the methods used to carry out the measurements for location with low consumption are detailed.Finally, the energy performance of the system is evaluated, the overall autonomy is estimated and the position error distribution function is given for each of the three compared techniques
Hardy, Emmanuel. "Etude et développement d'un amplificateur audio de classe D intégré haute performance et basse consommation". Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013AIXM4722/document.
Testo completoMost current embedded devices, such as smartphones, GPS or portable consoles, feature one speaker or more, those speakers being driven by an integrated audio amplifier. This type of amplifier must meet four specifications: an adequate audio quality, to be immune to system disturbances, low power consumption and the smallest silicon area. This work takes its origin from the creation of Primachip in May 2009 by Christian Dufaza and Hassan Ihs. The aim of this startup was to develop and sell an innovative audio class-D amplifier for mobile market: the digital class-D concept. A partnership with the IM2NP laboratory was decided to propose a PhD topic under CIFRE contract (PhD in an industrial environment), in order to study and improve the amplifier architecture. Its originality is in the partial feedback concept which applies to a loop made of a digital ΔΣ modulator driving the power stage, with an analogue-to-digital converter (ADC) in the feedback path. It makes it possible to achieve stability while offering an outstanding power supply rejection. An integrated prototype of the class-D amplifier was designed, fabricated and evaluated. A new continuous-time ΔΣ ADC has been added to enable the digital class-D loop to achieve performances superior or equal to state of the art. The circuit measurement results were encouraging, although not ideal. The analysis of the prototype errors was performed. The conclusions should allow the design of an integrated audio amplifier making the best of the digital class-D architecture
Thielleux, Julien. "Développement de dispositifs à base de composants 1D pour applications basse consommation et intelligence ambiante". Thesis, Lille 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LIL10190.
Testo completoThis work is part of studies on how to reach a form of ambient intelligence. It focuses on the realization of micro-electronics devices based on carbon nanotube on a flexible substrate and by inkjet printing.In a first part we worked on the development of the inkjet printing technique. Studies on the influence of parameters on the profile of a printed patterns have been performed (drop spacing, substrate temperature, firing voltage, ...).The second part of this thesis focuses on how to achieve thin layers of carbon nanotubes on flexible substrate. Two methods have been studied, the method of deposition by filtering/transfert report and the method of APTS assisted deposition. The filtering/transfert method is proving particularly promising since it allows to quickly obtain a layer of 10 nanotubes/ microns square with a thickness of one nanotube. Finally the knowledge from the first part were used to make simple printed components such as coplanar waveguide, antennas, capacitor and others
Lechaux, Yoann. "Étude et fabrication de MOSFET III-V à ionisation par impact pour applications basse consommation". Thesis, Lille 1, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LIL10058/document.
Testo completoThe reduction in the power consumption of field effect transistors (MOSFETs) is a challenge for the future of nanoelectronics. By 2025, the International Energy Agency (IEA) estimates that there will be around 50 billion autonomous and nomadic objects requiring low power consumption. The appearance of new devices such as tunnel effect transistors (TFETs) or impact ionization transistors (I¬ MOSFETs) will potentially reduce the power consumption of these objects.In this thesis work, we studied for the first time the impact ionization transistor based on materials III-V, especially arsenic and antimony based materials. The pin structure, the main component of the I MOSFET, is first studied. We then developed all the process steps of the I-MOSFET fabrication, and in particular we optimized the interface between the oxide and the III-V semiconductor by an innovative treatment using oxygen plasma (O2). This special treatment has shown a clear improvement in charge control. Finally, we have shown studies, fabrications and characterizations of an InGaAs based TFET and a GaSb based I MOSFET with a vertical architecture, where the gate is self-aligned