Tesi sul tema "Bark area"
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1
DeGomez, Tom. "Guidelines for Thinning Ponderosa Pine for Improved Forest Health and Fire Prevention". College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/146952.
Abstract (sommario):
7 pp.Preventing catastrophic stand replacing events are best accomplished through thinning. Lower tree densities result in greater tree growth. Stands with lower tree densities have greater plant diversity. Determining stand conditions will provide a baseline for formulating a plan to improve stand conditions. Thinning around individual trees can improve individual tree health reducing the likelihood of damage from bark beetles, fire or drought.
2
McMullen, Sarah Margaret. "Tectonic evolution of the Bark Lake area, eastern Central Gneiss Belt, Ontario Grenville, constraints from geology, geochemistry and U-Pb geochronology". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape4/PQDD_0010/MQ48503.pdf.
3
McMullen, Sarah Margaret Carleton University Dissertation Earth Sciences. "Tectonic evolution of the Bark Lake area, Eastern Central Gneiss Belt, Ontario Grenville; constraints from geology, geochemistry and U-Pb geochronology". Ottawa, 1999.
4
Umoru, Joseph Adejo. "Characteristics assessment of aspen logs used in the production of matches". Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för skog och träteknik (SOT), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-75913.
Abstract (sommario):
Aspen (Populus tremula L.) accounts for about 2% of the total wood stock in Sweden. Sawmills use only a small part (about 5,000 m³fub) of round wood aspen per year. Since there are no Swedish gradings and design values for aspen, no aspen is used for structural purposes. This also applies to other hardwood trees in Sweden. Aspen is mainly used for pulp and paper with a mass consumption of 800,000 m³fub per year of which about 50% is imported. Most imported aspen is from Russia and the Baltics. The other major use of aspen is in match industries. Consumption for matches amounts to approximately 30,000 m³fub per year in Sweden. The aim of the research work was to increase knowledge on the wood quality of aspen used in the production of matches. Aspen (Populus tremula L.) logs were collected from two different sites in Sweden and a non-destructive tools weas used to estimate the modulus of elasticity in logs. To measure the dynamic modulus of elasticity (MOEdyn), Fakopp resonance log grader used. Other properties like density and moisture content were measure and were correlated with the MOEdyn values in order to identify the site that has a better log quality. Besides, horizontal and vertical variation of different wood properties were measured and compared within and between trees from two different sites in order to justify the variation of log quality. A total of 20 trees from Askaremåla and Vimmerby, Sweden were felled and used in this study. From each tree, 3 m long logs were sampled from each base, middle and top. After that, non-destructive evaluations were performed in those logs. Besides, 5 cm thick discs were collected in every tree height (base, middle and top) to measure horizontal and vertical variations. This study shows that there were differences in MOEdyn between and within trees. It was evident that trees collected from Vimmerby had a better log property than that in Askaremåla. Using non-destructive tools, it is possible to sort out quality logs for the production of Swedish matches.
5
Hedvall, Per-Olof. "Situerad design för alla : till improvisationens lov /". Lund : Centrum för rehabiliteringsteknisk forskning, 2007. http://www.certec.lth.se/publikat.asp?sidename=publikationer&area=4.
6
Bauer, Rodolphe. "La modélisation du volume des compartiments riches en composés chimiques extractibles (écorce et nœud) dans six essences d'intérêt des régions Grand-Est et Bourgogne Franche-Comté". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris, AgroParisTech, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021AGPT0025.
Abstract (sommario):
Dans un contexte de renouvellement de l'industrie chimique et de recherche de nouveaux débouchés pour la foresterie, les extractibles deviennent des molécules de plus en plus intéressantes, tant écologiquement que financièrement parlant. Afin d'évaluer la pertinence de ces molécules comme nouvelle ressource pour la chimie et potentiel débouché pour la foresterie, il est nécessaire de faire une évaluation préalable de la ressource. Ceci nécessite de connaître le volume des compartiments riches en extractibles, particulièrement les écorces et les nœuds. La présente étude s'intéresse donc à la modélisation des volumes d'écorce et de nœuds. Elle se concentre spécifiquement sur deux régions françaises, le Grand Est et la Bourgogne-Franche-Comté et six essences d'importance, Abies alba, Picea abies, Pseudotsuga menziesii, Quercus robur, Quercus patraea, Fagus sylvatica.Cette étude est rendue possible grâce à l'utilisation d'une grande base de données comprenant des mesures d'épaisseur d'écorce pratiquées à différentes hauteurs sur la tige de nombreux arbres. D'autre part de nouveaux échantillonnages ont eu lieu ce qui a permis d'obtenir, grâce à l'utilisation d'un scanner à rayon X, une image informatique des nœuds et d'en mesurer précisément le volume.Afin de modéliser la quantité d'écorce disponible trois types de modèles ont été construits, des modèles de prédiction du volume d'écorce, des modèles de prédiction de la surface d'écorce le long de la tige et des modèles de prédiction de l'épaisseur d'écorce à 1m30. Les premiers ont permis d'atteindre une racine de l'erreur quadratique moyenne relative (RMSErel) comprise entre 16.7 % et 27.5 % en fonction des espèces.L'étude portant sur les modèles de surface d'écorce a permis de mettre en évidence la possibilité d'utiliser un modèle indépendant du diamètre-sur-écorce mais que les modèles utilisant en entrée cet variable sont encore plus précis. Le RMSErel atteint par ces modèles de surface d'écorce varie entre 23 et 38 % en fonction de l'espèce et du modèle considéré. Ce travail a montré l'importance de l'utilisation de l'épaisseur d'écorce à 1m30 comme donnée d'entrée. Celle-ci n'étant aujourd'hui que rarement mesurée, elle a aussi été modélisée à partir du D130. Cela a permis de mettre en évidence une influence de l'altitude sur l'épaisseur d'écorce à 1m30 pour trois espèces : Abies alba, Picea abies, Fagus sylvatica. Les modèles obtenus atteignent un RMSErel allant de 26.8 % à 36 % en fonction de l'espèce considérée.Enfin, les volumes de nœuds ont commencé à être étudiés. Bien que ce travail n'ai pas été entièrement mené, il montre déjà l'importance de produire de nouveaux modèles de volume de nœuds. De plus leur quantité dans le bois semble, à ce stade de l'étude, trop peu importante pour dégager de grandes ressources en extractible, malgré leur grande richesse intrinsèque. Leur intérêt pourrait donc plus se trouver dans l'extraction de molécules spécifiquesIn a context of renewal of the chemical industry and the search for new outlets for forestry, extractives are becoming increasingly interesting molecules, both ecologically and financially speaking. In order to evaluate the relevance of these molecules as a new resource for the chemical industry and a potential outlet for forestry, it is necessary to make a preliminary evaluation of the resource. This requires knowledge of the volume of compartments rich in extractable material, particularly bark and knots. The present study therefore focuses on modeling bark and knot volumes. It focuses specifically on two French regions, the Grand Est and the Bourgogne-Franche-Comté, and on six important species, Abies alba, Picea abies, Pseudotsuga menziesii, Quercu robur, Quercus patraea, and Fagus sylvatica.This study is made possible, on one hand, by the use of a large database including numerous measurements of bark thickness made at different heights on the stems of many trees. On the other hand, new samplings have been made to allow X-ray scanning of nodes all along the stem and thus to determine precisely the volume on a computer picture.In order to model the available amount of bark, three types of models were built, models predicting the volume of bark, models predicting the surface area of bark along the stem and models predicting the thickness of bark at 1m30. The former achieved a relative root mean square error (RMSErel) of 16.7% to 27.5% depending on the species.The study of bark area models showed that it was possible to use a model independent of diameter-over-bark but that model using this variable are more accurate. The RMSErel achieved by these bark area models varied between 23 and 38% depending on the species and model considered.This work showed the importance of using the bark thickness at 1m30 as an input data. As it is rarely measured today, it was also modelled using the DBH. This allowed us to show the influence of altitude on bark thickness at 1.30 m for three species: Abies alba, Picea abies, Fagus sylvatica. The models obtained RMSErel of the models ranged from 26.8 to 36 % of RMSErel depending on the species considered.Finally, knot volumes have started to be studied. Although this work has not been fully completed, it already shows the importance of producing new models in order to fit the predicted knot patterns as closely as possible to reality. Moreover, the quantity of these compounds in the wood seems, at this stage of the study, to be too small to provide a large extractable resource, despite their great intrinsic richness. Their interest could therefore be more in the extraction of specific molecules
7
Yeboah, Eric Adjei. "Determinants of bank net interest margin : does monetary union membership matter?" Thesis, Brunel University, 2016. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/14563.
Abstract (sommario):
The purpose of this thesis is to carry out an empirical investigation into whether membership of monetary union matter in the determination of bank net interest margin. Bank net interest margin is the difference in bank borrowing and lending rates relative to the total interest-earning assets. We operationalise this study by comparing panels of commercial banks within and outside economic and monetary unions in Europe and Sub-Saharan Africa. For our European analysis we use bank-level data from nine Euro Area countries and seven non-Euro Area economies, in a dynamic empirical model, employing Arellano and Bover (1995)/Blundell and Bond (1998) system GMM estimation method. We find that stronger competition and efficiency, as well as greater macroeconomic stability in the Euro Area reduce bank net interest margins more than in the non-Euro Area. We attribute this to the well-developed single market with a strong socio-economic cohesion underpinning rather than the economic and monetary union. We extend the same level of analysis to the Sub-Saharan Africa, where we contrast our findings in the West African Economic and Monetary Union (WAEMU) with those of twenty non-monetary union Sub-Saharan African economies. Our findings in the Sub-Saharan African context reveal a rather different scenario. While the WAEMU enjoys relatively lower net interest margins than its non-monetary union counterparts, this is attributable to the union’s ability to pursue vigorously its primary objective of maintaining price stability by maintaining lower interest rates. Unlike in the Euro Area we do not observe a reducing impact of bank competition and efficiency on bank net interest margin in the West African Economic and Monetary Union (WAEMU) as we do in the non-monetary union Sub-Saharan Africa. We find these results for the Sub-Saharan African analysis puzzling, and attribute it to the absence of a well-developed single/common market which is supposed to drive competition and efficiency with the effect of reducing net interest margins, as it obtains in the Euro Area. Our conclusion is that it is rather the presence of a well-developed single market that engenders competition and efficiency effects to reduce bank net interest margins rather than membership of a monetary union per se.
8
寺本, 敦子, Atsuko TERAMOTO, 哲郎 辻本 e Tetsuro TSUJIMOTO. "植生域を伴う砂州の地形変化-木津川下流域を例として-". 土木学会, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/8587.
9
Shih, Janet Wei. "Waiting for TOD : developing in the Millbrae BART Station Area". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/73824.
Abstract (sommario):
Thesis (M.C.P.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Urban Studies and Planning, 2012.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 128-133).
The suburban terminus station dedicates large amounts of land for parking in order to cater to its driving riders, and causes a trade-off tension between attracting ridership through providing park-and-rides and building transit-oriented development (TOD) within station areas. I focus my research on the Millbrae Intermodal Station, a suburban terminus station in the Bay Area Rapid Transit (BART) system, which is still waiting for a large amount of TOD to occur in its station area. The predominant research question for this thesis is: What are the challenges of creating TOD at suburban terminus stations and how can mixed use, highdensity, and human-scaled environments be better facilitated to become a reality? To answer this question, I took a mixed methods approach that included (1) evaluating ridership and parking supply data of all BART stations, (2) analyzing the primary and contextual case studies by comparing TOD plan documents to the current build-out reality of each station's station area, (3) conducting focused interviews with experts to gain insight on the barriers to implementing TOD at the Millbrae Station, and (4) developing a design proposition of how the Millbrae Station Area could engage alternative uses on its station parking lots. For all of the evaluated stations, parcels immediately approximate to the station had more difficulty realizing TOD than parcels further away from the station. Issues that surfaced as barriers to TOD included weak market conditions, land assemblage, construction costs, parking replacement standards, existing parcel ownership, and existing land use. In addition, TOD plans at more mature stations took an extensive period of time to become realized. To demonstrate how this inevitable waiting period could be more productive, I conclude by proposing design interventions and a strategy for how Millbrae, in the meantime, could apply and experiment with temporary flexible uses on its station parking lots.
by Janet Wei Shih.
M.C.P.
10
Onipede, Bolarinwa O. "Design of a cross section reduction extrusion tool for square bars". Texas A&M University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/4880.
Abstract (sommario):
The objective of this project is to design a tool for moderate cross section reduction of
bars that are deformed within a channel slider tool that is used for equal channel angular
extrusion (ECAE). The bars that are deformed via ECAE have an initial square cross
section with a nominal value of 1.00 in2 and aspect ratios (length/width) ranging
between 4 and 6. A systems engineering design methodology is used to generate a topbottom
approach in the development of the tool's design. This includes defining a need
statement, which is the "Need for an area reduction extrusion tool to replace the current
practices of machining ECAE processed billets". The system functions and requirements
are defined next and used to generate three concepts that are compared to select the
winning concept for further refinement. Major components of the selected tool are: a
container, ram, base plate, punch plate, four die-inserts, four wedges and four flange
locks. For materials, such as copper (C10100) and aluminum (Al6061-T6), that can be
processed by this tool, the upper bound extrusion pressure, which is derived by limit
analysis, is set at 192 ksi. The upper bound extrusion pressure is constrained by the
buckling limit of the ram, which is 202 ksi. The maximum wall stress experienced by the
container is 113 ksi. For materials with the same cross section and dimensions, fixed end
conditions of the Ram support larger bucking loads when compared to other end
conditions such as rounded ends or rounded-fixed ends. With the application of the
upper bound method, an increase in the extrusion ratio of the tool causes a corresponding
rise in the optimal cone angle of the die further translating to a rise in the extrusion
pressure.
11
Bisagni, Elena. "The overnight interbank market in the U.S. and in the Euro area /". Diss., Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC campuses, 2002. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p3064476.
12
Sundlie, Paul. "An Integer-Based Approach for Back Projection of Wide Area Imagery". University of Dayton / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=dayton1335540912.
13
Onwukaeme, Benjamin E. "Bank officials' explanation of bank failure during the era of banking deregulation in Nigeria 1986 to 1998". DigitalCommons@Robert W. Woodruff Library, Atlanta University Center, 2002. http://digitalcommons.auctr.edu/dissertations/3257.
Abstract (sommario):
The Nigerian banking system is presently riddled with distress, insolvency, and failure. The system is passing through what might seem the roughest phase in its history. The present bank distress and insolvency have culminated in the failure of many banks. In an attempt to correct this unhealthy development, the regulatory authorities (CBN and NDIC) have devised and implemented many novel policies to check this drift. Despite their efforts, however, the cankerworm continues to eat deeper into the Nigerian banking system. This study seeks to identify significant factors that might explain Nigeria's banking system failure as perceived by bank officials, and to recommend ways to minimize bank failure in Nigeria. The banking authorities, to a large extent, focused on a single cause of bank failure, such as unprofessionalism on the part of bank personnel. The majority of those interviewed accused them of committing fraud. The study showed that during the era of bank deregulation, a wider array of factors might have contributed to bank failure. The factors identified in this study are as follows: 1. The acute shortage of experienced and seasoned banking professionals during the era of banking deregulation led to an increase of forgeries and other abuses. 2. The inconsistent and frequent changes in macroeconomic policies during the period under study have negatively affected other macro-economic indicators. 3. Some factors during the period under investigation led to some banks' inability to meet standards set by the CBN/NDIC in respect to: capital adequacy, asset quality, management profile, earnings strength, and liquidity guidelines. 4. Lack of central bank independence contributed to bank failure. This study is important because the proposed recommendations would be of interest to operators of the banking industry, to regulators in the industry, as well as to the Nigerian government in its efforts to chart a new course in the Nigerian banking industry in the twenty-first century.
14
Pessoa, Carla Daniela de Sales. "Soil Seed Bank in a Caatinga area in Regeneration, Center for Desertification IrauÃuba, CearÃ". Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2008. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=9200.
Abstract (sommario):
CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeiÃoamento de NÃvel SuperiorO presente trabalho tem como objetivo conhecer os atributos do banco de sementes no solo e verificar quais desses refletem melhor a regeneraÃÃo da caatinga em Ãreas de desertificaÃÃo. Para tanto, investigou-se o banco de sementes no final da estaÃÃo seca, em uma Ãrea de caatinga em processo de degradaÃÃo/desertificaÃÃo, no municÃpio de IrauÃuba, CearÃ. Foram analisados os atributos densidade, composiÃÃo, diversidade e riqueza de espÃcies e cinÃtica de germinaÃÃo. As coletas foram realizadas em trÃs Ãreas, nas fazendas Formigueiro, Cacimba Salgada I e Cacimba Salgada II. Em cada Ãrea foi amostrado o banco de sementes no solo na parcela experimental (pousio) e na parcela em uso contÃnuo (controle). Cada parcela de cada Ãrea foi subdividida em dezesseis parcelas de 10x10m, das quais foram sorteadas cinco para estudo do banco de sementes no solo. No centro de cada uma das cinco parcelas de 100m2 foi retirada amostra de solo de 0,25m2 de Ãrea. A densidade e a composiÃÃo do banco de sementes no solo foram analisadas atravÃs da tÃcnica de emergÃncia de plÃntulas em casa de vegetaÃÃo. O banco foi composto prioritariamente por terÃfitos. As densidades encontradas foram 592, 1804, 2080 sem/m2 para as parcelas experimentais 1, 2 e 3, respectivamente e 680, 1288 e 1408 sem/m2, para as parcelas controle 1, 2 e 3, respectivamente. No parÃmetro riqueza, foram encontrados iguais valores para as parcelas experimento e controle (8 e 2 para as Ãreas 1 e 2, respectivamente), a Ãrea 3 apresentou maior riqueza na parcela em pousio (15 e 10 para as parcelas controle e experimento, respectivamente). Os valores de equabilidade nas parcelas experimento foram de 0,751, 0,041 e 0,740 para as Ãreas 1, 2 e 3, respectivamente, e de 0,613, 0,054 e 0,603 para as Ãreas 1, 2 e 3 das parcelas controle. Em relaÃÃo à diversidade, os valores para as parcelas experimentais 1, 2 e 3 foram 1,562, 0,028, 2,004, respectivamente, e 1274, 0,038 e 1,388 para as parcelas controle, 1, 2 e 3, respectivamente, o que revela uma maior diversidade nas Ãreas em pousio, com exceÃÃo da Ãrea 2. Os aumentos da diversidade e da densidade demonstram a ocorrÃncia de regeneraÃÃo do componente herbÃceo nas Ãreas em pousio.
The objective of this study is to gather knowledge about the attributes of a seed bank at soil level and to verify which of these attributes reflect the best regeneration of the caatinga in areas of desertification. In order to do that, we investigated the seed bank at the end of the dry season in a area of caatinga suffering the process of degradation/desertification, at the municipality of IrauÃuba, CearÃ. We analysed the attributes of density, composition, diversity and richness of species as well as germination dynamics. The collections were realized in three areas, at Formigueiro, Cacimba Salgada I and Cacimba Salgada II farms. In each area, we sampled a seed bank at soil level in the experimental portion (fallow) and at the continuous use portion (control). Each portion of each area was divided in sixteen portions of 10 x 10 m, from which were drawn five portions for the study of the seed bank at soil level. In the center of each one of the five portions of 100 m2, a soil sample of 0,25 m2 was removed. The density and the composition of the seed bank at the soil level were analysed using the plantule outgrowth in greenhouse. The bank was composed primarily by therophytes. The densities found were 592, 1804, 2080 seeds/m2 for the experimental portions 1, 2 and 3, respectively, and 680, 1288 and 1408 seeds/m2 for the control portions 1, 2 and 3, respectively. Regarding the richness parameter, we found equal values for both the experimental and control portions (8 and 2 for areas 1 and 2, respectively); area 3 presented greater richness in the fallow portion (15 and 10 for the control and experimental portions, respectively). The equability values of the experimental portions were equal to 0,751, 0,041 and 0,740 for areas 1,2 and 3 respectively and of 0,613, 0,054 and 0,603 for areas 1,2 and 3 of the control portions. Regarding diversity, the values for the experimental portions 1, 2 and 3 were 1,562, 0,028 and 2,004, respectively, and 1274, 0,038 and 1,388 for the control portions 1,2 and 3, respectively, which reveals a major diversity for the areas of fallow, with exception of area 2. The raising diversity and density demonstrate the occurrence of regeneration of the herbaceous component in the fallow areas.
15
Price, Jacqueline Elaine. "Back-calculating emission rates for ammonia and particulate matter from area sources using dispersion modeling". Thesis, Texas A&M University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/1270.
Abstract (sommario):
Engineering directly impacts current and future regulatory policy decisions. The foundation of air pollution control and air pollution dispersion modeling lies in the math, chemistry, and physics of the environment. Therefore, regulatory decision making must rely upon sound science and engineering as the core of appropriate policy making (objective analysis in lieu of subjective opinion). This research evaluated particulate matter and ammonia concentration data as well as two modeling methods, a backward Lagrangian stochastic model and a Gaussian plume dispersion model. This analysis assessed the uncertainty surrounding each sampling procedure in order to gain a better understanding of the uncertainty in the final emission rate calculation (a basis for federal regulation), and it assessed the differences between emission rates generated using two different dispersion models. First, this research evaluated the uncertainty encompassing the gravimetric sampling of particulate matter and the passive ammonia sampling technique at an animal feeding operation. Future research will be to further determine the wind velocity profile as well as determining the vertical temperature gradient during the modeling time period. This information will help quantify the uncertainty of the meteorological model inputs into the dispersion model, which will aid in understanding the propagated uncertainty in the dispersion modeling outputs. Next, an evaluation of the emission rates generated by both the Industrial Source Complex (Gaussian) model and the WindTrax (backward-Lagrangian stochastic) model revealed that the calculated emission concentrations from each model using the average emission rate generated by the model are extremely close in value. However, the average emission rates calculated by the models vary by a factor of 10. This is extremely troubling. In conclusion, current and future sources are regulated based on emission rate data from previous time periods. Emission factors are published for regulation of various sources, and these emission factors are derived based upon back-calculated model emission rates and site management practices. Thus, this factor of 10 ratio in the emission rates could prove troubling in terms of regulation if the model that the emission rate is back-calculated from is not used as the model to predict a future downwind pollutant concentration.
16
Ghodieh, Mustafa Mohammad. "An evaluation of satellite remote sensing for crop area estimation in the West Bank, Palestine". Thesis, Durham University, 2000. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/4547/.
Abstract (sommario):
This thesis investigates the use of field and satellite data for crop area estimation in the northern part of the West Bank, Palestine. The satellite data were obtained by the SPOT HRV on 19 May 1994. The satellite data were geometrically corrected to the Palestine Grid using 1: 50,000 Israeli topographic maps. The study investigated the ability of SPOT HRV data to produce accurate crop area estimation of the northern part of the West Bank that is characterised with small field sizes and complex physical environment. A land cover classification scheme appropriate to the study area was designed. Twenty-three land cover classes were produced from the SPOT HRV classification. Land cover classes were developed to produce thematic land use classes. The classification accuracy obtained from SPOT HRV image classification was 81%. Classification results were assessed by using the known land use information obtained from the field during the training stage and the field sampling survey. The study area was divided into five strata and the field survey was conducted by applying a stratified random sampling methodology. Seventy three 1 km(^2) sample units were randomly chosen and surveyed by the author using maps, aerial photographs, satellite photographs, a questionnaire, camera photographs, and sketches. The field area measurements were taken and the final hectarage estimates were obtained for each crop type. The SPOT HRV and the field data were combined in regression analysis using a double sampling method and a hectarage estimate was produced for each crop in the study area. The results obtained showed that the regression estimator was more efficient than the field estimator and a gain in precision was achieved. The results were analysed on stratum and crop type basis. Remote sensing and thematic agricultural perspectives were used in the analysis. Results of the study suggest that it is possible to improve image classification accuracy by using better spatial and spectral resolution imagery and the integration of remote sensing data with agricultural data using the Geographical Information Systems (GIS).
17
Smyres, Alyssa Leann. "Multifidus Muscle Size and Atrophy Among Dancers With and Without Low Back Pain". BYU ScholarsArchive, 2012. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/3289.
Abstract (sommario):
Design: A single-blinded, cross-sectional observational study.
Objectives: Examine muscle cross-sectional area and symmetry of the lumbar multifidus muscle in elite ballroom dancers with and without low back pain (LBP).
Background: The incidence of LBP among elite ballroom dancers is high and at Brigham Young University is 57%. Previous research has linked lumbar multifidus muscle atrophy to low back pain; however this relationship has not been examined in ballroom dancers.
Methods and Measures: Lumbar multifidus cross-sectional area was assessed at rest on the right and left side at levels L1-L5. Thirty-seven subjects (age 24 ± 3.2 years; height, 172.8 ± 11.3 cm; mass, 54.6 ± 4.5 kg) were divided into one of three groups. Participants who reported LBP severe enough to interfere with dance training and daily living were allocated to the LBP group (reported pain at rest, during dance, and following dance) (n=15). Subjects who reported LBP that was not strong enough to interfere with training and daily living were allocated to the minimal pain group (reported pain during dance and following dance) (n= 6). And those who reported no back pain were put into the no pain group (n=16).
Results: There were no significant difference in demographics between the groups (P>0.05). There was no significant difference between groups in multifidus cross-sectional area (P = .437). Asymmetry was found in all groups with the left side being larger than the right (P < .002).
Conclusion: This study provides new information on lumbar multifidus cross-sectional area in elite ballroom dancers. Future research needs to examine other causes of LBP in elite ballroom dancers in an attempt to decrease LBP in these athletes.
18
Subramanian, Arunkumar. "Analysis of the design and operation of mix-bank resequencing areas". MSSTATE, 2004. http://sun.library.msstate.edu/ETD-db/theses/available/etd-08062004-162540/.
Abstract (sommario):
Automotive assembly plants work on a pre-planned job sequence in order to optimize the performance of the assembly line. However, the job sequence becomes scrambled due to factors such as plant layout, process design, variability and uncertainty. Assembly plants use either a mix-bank or an automatic storage and retrieval system to regenerate the sequence before final assembly. A mix-bank, which is a set of parallel lanes, is the most common method used in the automotive industry to reconstruct the sequence. Only the first vehicles on the lanes are available for sequencing in a mix-bank set-up. Hence the lane selection policy and the lane configuration of a mix-bank play crucial roles in recreating the sequence. This thesis addresses the problem of identifying a superior lane selection policy for a mix-bank re-sequencing area. Simulation models of a re-sequencing area are used to evaluate lane selection policies. Varying the lane configurations and the nature of sequence tests the effectiveness of the selection policies.
19
Berges, Sara Alexandra. "Ecosystem services of riparian areas stream bank stability and avian habitat /". [Ames, Iowa : Iowa State University], 2009. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:1473181.
20
Örberg, Mimmi. "Särskilda avdelningar, särskilda barn? : En studie om resursavdelningen som diskursiv arena". Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för pedagogik, didaktik och utbildningsstudier, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-218577.
Abstract (sommario):
Föreliggande uppsats ämnar studera hur pedagoger som arbetar inom förskolans resursavdelningar genom sitt tal konstruerar barnen i behov av särskilt stöd samt försöka förstå vilka konsekvenser en särskiljande praktik får för dessa konstruktioner. Studien är genomförd på tre resursavdelningar i en kommun i Sverige. Metoden som används i undersökningen är kvalitativa gruppintervjuer med arbetslag som fokusgrupper. Som underlag vid intervjuerna har frågeområden funnits men samtalen har tagit olika form beroende på vad informanterna har valt att lyfta. Det empiriska materialet har sedan analyserats med hjälp av en verktygslåda hämtad från kritisk diskursanalys. Resultaten tyder på att pedagogerna konstruerar barnen i behov av särskilt stöd utifrån kategorier kopplade till deras särskilda behov som t.ex. diagnoser. Vid talet om barnen i behov av särskilt stöd är det vanligare förekommande med begrepp hemmahörande i en medicinsk diskurs snarare än i en pedagogisk diskurs. Barnhabiliteringen ses som en viktig instans för att förstå vilket slags stöd barnen i behov av särskilt stöd behöver. Diskursen om barnet i behov av särskilt stöd reproduceras genom, för verksamheten, meningsbärande konstruktioner och utmanas då normen för dessa konstruktioner bryts.
21
Braun, Benjamin. "Central bank agency and monetary governability in the euro area: governing through money, trust, and expectations". Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/209141.
Abstract (sommario):
Aiming to speak to broader debates about the nature of state power in relation to the economy this thesis concentrates on central bank agency and monetary governability. More specifically, it focuses on a single case: The agency of the European Central Bank (ECB) and the making, unmaking, and re-making of monetary governability in the euro area from 1999 through 2014. This choice is motivated by the euro area representing a unique ‘natural experiment’ in establishing monetary governability from scratch under conditions of 21st century financialised capitalism. The thesis is divided into two parts. Chapters one and two develop an original analytical and conceptual framework for the study of central bank agency. Starting out from the premise that governability is not a natural feature of the economy but needs to be actively established, I argue that any attempt to answer the question of the ECB’s role in that process has to account for the fundamental hybridity of central bank agency both as a central bureaucratic authority and as a bank, as well as for its multidimensionality as it addresses different governability challenges posed by different audiences. It is on the basis of these inductively won observations that I embrace the theoretical vocabulary of performativity, conceptualising governability as a performative effect of the interactions between the ECB and its audiences. The arrangements that govern these interactions are described, using a Foucauldian concept, as ‘apparatuses’. On that basis, the second part of the thesis comprises three empirical chapters on the financial apparatus of monetary policy implementation, the communicative apparatus of expectation management, and the ideological apparatus of monetary trust. The sixth chapter brings the analysis of the three apparatuses up to date by focusing on three key episodes from the recent financial and economic crisis.Doctorat en Sciences politiques et sociales
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
22
Braun, Benjamin. "Central Bank agency and monetary governability in the Euro area : governing through money, trust, and expectations". Thesis, University of Warwick, 2014. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/67054/.
Abstract (sommario):
Aiming to speak to broader debates about the nature of state power in relation to the economy this thesis concentrates on central bank agency and monetary governability. More specifically, it focuses on a single case: The agency of the European Central Bank (ECB) and the making, unmaking, and re-making of monetary governability in the euro area from 1999 through 2014. This choice is motivated by the euro area representing a unique 'natural experiment' in establishing monetary governability from scratch under conditions of 21st century financialised capitalism. The thesis is divided into two parts. Chapters one and two develop an original analytical and conceptual framework for the study of central bank agency. Starting out from the premise that governability is not a natural feature of the economy but needs to be actively established, I argue that any attempt to answer the question of the ECB’s role in that process has to account for the fundamental hybridity of central bank agency both as a central bureaucratic authority and as a bank, as well as for its multidimensionality as it addresses different governability challenges posed by different audiences. It is on the basis of these inductively won observations that I embrace the theoretical vocabulary of performativity, conceptualising governability as a performative effect of the interactions between the ECB and its audiences. The arrangements that govern these interactions are described, using a Foucauldian concept, as 'apparatuses'. On that basis, the second part of the thesis comprises three empirical chapters on the financial apparatus of monetary policy implementation, the communicative apparatus of expectation management, and the ideological apparatus of monetary trust. The sixth chapter brings the analysis of the three apparatuses up to date by focusing on three key episodes from the recent financial and economic crisis.
23
Picault, Matthieu. "Three essays on the transmission of monetary policy in the euro area". Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017AIXM0136/document.
Abstract (sommario):
Après Septembre 2008, du fait du gel du marché interbancaire, d’un manque de liquidité, d’une perte de confiance et des difficultés des institutions financières, la transmission de la politique monétaire au sein de la zone euro a été sévèrement altérée. La Banque Centrale Européenne (BCE) a donc dû avoir recours à des politiques monétaires non-conventionnelles. En considérant, au sein de la zone euro, les contraintes imposées à la banque centrale et la fragmentation des marchés financiers, l’objectif de cette thèse empirique est d’évaluer les canaux de transmission des politiques monétaires conventionnelles et non-conventionnelles de la BCE. Les comportements de prêts des banques étant liés à leurs coûts de financement, le premier essai se focalise sur le canal de transmission des prêts bancaires. Il étudie l’évolution des activités de prêts syndiqués d’institutions financières européennes et leur réaction aux politiques de la BCE. La communication de la banque centrale revêt une importance toute particulière dans une union monétaire. Les deuxième et troisième essais se concentrent sur le canal des signaux. Le deuxième essai étudie sur la communication durant les conférences de presse mensuelles ainsi que ses effets sur la prévisibilité des décisions de politique monétaire et sur les rendements et la volatilité des marchés financiers. Le dernier essai se focalise sur l’utilisation du guidage des taux d’intérêt futurs, une communication non-conventionnelle informant les marchés du niveau futur des taux d’intérêt de court-terme. Il étudie l’efficacité de cette annonce et sa capacité à influencer les prévisions de taux d’intérêt faites par les acteurs de marchéAfter September 2008, due to a frozen interbank market, shortage of liquidity, loss of confidence, and collapsing financial institutions, the monetary policy transmission in the euro area was severely impaired. Under thus exceptional circumstances, the European Central Bank (ECB) had to turn to non-standard monetary policy measures. Considering, in the euro area, the constrained range of actions and fragmented financial markets, the objective of this empirical thesis is to assess the transmission channels of ECB standard and non-standard monetary policies and their effects on both financial markets and the economy.As banks’ lending behaviors are related to their financing costs, the first essay focuses on bank lending channel. It studies the evolution of lending activities of European financial institutions on the syndicated loan market and its reaction to the ECB standard and non-standard policies. The communication of the central bank is of utmost importance in a monetary union with heterogeneous, in terms of economic situations and cultures, countries. The second and third essays study the signaling channel of monetary policy. The second essay focuses on the communication during monthly press conferences and their effects on the predictability of monetary policy decisions and on financial markets returns and volatility. The last essay concentrates exclusively on the use of \textit{forward guidance} on interest rate, a non-standard central bank communication providing information on future short-term interest rates. It discusses its effectiveness and ability to lower market participants expected interest rates
24
Tania, Mutmainna. "Wide Area Measurement Applications for Improvement of Power System Protection". Diss., Virginia Tech, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/19241.
Abstract (sommario):
The increasing demand for electricity over the last few decades has not been followed by adequate growth in electric infrastructure. As a result, the reliability and safety of the electric grids are facing tremendously growing pressure. Large blackouts in the recent past indicate that sustaining system reliability and integrity turns out to be more and more difficult due to reduced transmission capacity margins and increased stress on the system. Due to the heavy loading conditions that occur when the system is under stress, the protection systems are susceptible to mis-operation. It is under such severe situations that the network cannot afford to lose its critical elements like the main generation units and transmission corridors.In addition to the slow but steady variations in the network structure over a long term, the grid also experiences drastic changes during the occurrence of a disturbance. One of the main reasons why protection relays mis-operate is due to the inability of the relays to adjust to the evolving network scenario. Such failures greatly compound the severity of the disturbance, while diminishing network integrity leading to catastrophic system-wide outages. With the advancement of Wide Area Measurement Systems (WAMS), it is now possible to redesign network protection schemes to make them more adaptive and thus improve the security of the system.
Often flagged for exacerbating the events leading to a blackout, the back-up distance protection relay scheme for transmission line protection and the loss-of-field relay scheme for generator unit protection can be greatly improved from an adaptability-oriented redesign. Protection schemes in general would benefit from a power re-distribution technique that helps predict generator outputs immediately after the occurrence of a contingency.
Ph. D.
25
Elizondo, de la Garza David C. "Hidden Failures in Protection Systems and its Impact on Power System Wide-area Disturbances". Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/31890.
Abstract (sommario):
This document explores Hidden Failures in protection systems, which have been identified as key contributors in the degradation of Power System wide-area disturbances. The Hidden Failure Modes in which the protection
systems may fail to operate correctly and their consequences are identified in a theoretical approach. This theoretical side has its practical counterpart since a number of Hidden Failure Modes are found in real wide-area disturbances.
The original definition of Hidden Failure, which is a failure that remains undetected and is uncovered by another system event, is included as well as developments on Hidden Failure sequence of events and a methodology for Hidden Failure identification. This method is based on Protection Element Functionality Defects (PEFD), which are applicable to all the elements included in the protective chain. PEFD are classified in two main groups.
Primary and Back-up protection schemes applied for Generators, Buses, Transformers and Transmission Lines are analyzed. The abnormal Power System conditions that each Power System element may have are enumerated. A catalogue of the relays or relay systems, in charge of detecting and stopping the continuous presence of the abnormal conditions is developed. Relay families organize this catalogue. The relaying schemes for five Special Protection Systems are described.
Thirty-three Hidden Failures Modes are included based on the relaying implementation for Primary protection, Back-up protection and Special Protection Systems. These Hidden Failures Modes are based on PEFD-A. Hidden Failures related to PEFD-B are included in a general fashion.
Wide-area disturbances based on NERC reports are analyzed and Hidden Failures are identified employing the developed methodology. The mechanisms in the disturbances are summarized and are applicable to Primary protection, Back-up protection and Special Protection Systems.
Regions of Vulnerability and Areas of Consequence definitions are included and are identified for a Power System wide-area disturbance. For some protection schemes the term Condition of Vulnerability was developed.
Regions of Vulnerability and Areas of Consequence will bring the initial steps towards the problem solution. Further research directions are oriented towards the development of a computer-based tool to track the regions of vulnerability in real time.Master of Science
26
Lian, Olav Benneth. "Quaternary geology of the Fraser Valley area, Big Bar Creek to Pavilion, southcentral British Columbia". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/nq21302.pdf.
27
Picault, Matthieu. "Three essays on the transmission of monetary policy in the euro area". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Aix-Marseille, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017AIXM0136.
Abstract (sommario):
Après Septembre 2008, du fait du gel du marché interbancaire, d’un manque de liquidité, d’une perte de confiance et des difficultés des institutions financières, la transmission de la politique monétaire au sein de la zone euro a été sévèrement altérée. La Banque Centrale Européenne (BCE) a donc dû avoir recours à des politiques monétaires non-conventionnelles. En considérant, au sein de la zone euro, les contraintes imposées à la banque centrale et la fragmentation des marchés financiers, l’objectif de cette thèse empirique est d’évaluer les canaux de transmission des politiques monétaires conventionnelles et non-conventionnelles de la BCE. Les comportements de prêts des banques étant liés à leurs coûts de financement, le premier essai se focalise sur le canal de transmission des prêts bancaires. Il étudie l’évolution des activités de prêts syndiqués d’institutions financières européennes et leur réaction aux politiques de la BCE. La communication de la banque centrale revêt une importance toute particulière dans une union monétaire. Les deuxième et troisième essais se concentrent sur le canal des signaux. Le deuxième essai étudie sur la communication durant les conférences de presse mensuelles ainsi que ses effets sur la prévisibilité des décisions de politique monétaire et sur les rendements et la volatilité des marchés financiers. Le dernier essai se focalise sur l’utilisation du guidage des taux d’intérêt futurs, une communication non-conventionnelle informant les marchés du niveau futur des taux d’intérêt de court-terme. Il étudie l’efficacité de cette annonce et sa capacité à influencer les prévisions de taux d’intérêt faites par les acteurs de marchéAfter September 2008, due to a frozen interbank market, shortage of liquidity, loss of confidence, and collapsing financial institutions, the monetary policy transmission in the euro area was severely impaired. Under thus exceptional circumstances, the European Central Bank (ECB) had to turn to non-standard monetary policy measures. Considering, in the euro area, the constrained range of actions and fragmented financial markets, the objective of this empirical thesis is to assess the transmission channels of ECB standard and non-standard monetary policies and their effects on both financial markets and the economy.As banks’ lending behaviors are related to their financing costs, the first essay focuses on bank lending channel. It studies the evolution of lending activities of European financial institutions on the syndicated loan market and its reaction to the ECB standard and non-standard policies. The communication of the central bank is of utmost importance in a monetary union with heterogeneous, in terms of economic situations and cultures, countries. The second and third essays study the signaling channel of monetary policy. The second essay focuses on the communication during monthly press conferences and their effects on the predictability of monetary policy decisions and on financial markets returns and volatility. The last essay concentrates exclusively on the use of \textit{forward guidance} on interest rate, a non-standard central bank communication providing information on future short-term interest rates. It discusses its effectiveness and ability to lower market participants expected interest rates
28
Ward, Edith Burnette. "An analysis of the high school banking curriculum in a selected public school system in the metropolitan Washington, DC, area". Diss., This resource online, 1992. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-05042006-164518/.
29
Tondl, Gabriele. "Interest rates, corporate lending and growth in the Euro Area". WU Vienna University of Economics and Business, 2016. http://epub.wu.ac.at/5085/1/wp227.pdf.
Abstract (sommario):
The sluggish development of corporate lending has remained the central concern of EU monetary policy makers as it is considered to hinder seriously the resurgence of growth. This paper looks at the development of loans to large corporations vs SMEs in the pre-crisis and post-crisis period and wishes to answer: (i) to which extent do allocated loan volumes actually contribute to Output growth? (ii) which factors determine the development of loans, considering above all loan interest rates? and (iii) what causes differences in loan interest levels across the EA? The results indicate that different loan developments in the EA explain very well differences in output development, loans to SMEs contribute even more to output growth than those for large corporations. Loan development itself is negatively influenced by the interest level which differs significantly across EA members, with small loans in addition always being charged an interest premium over large loans. The capitalization of banks, the size of banks and their internationalization play a role as well. A part of the sluggish growth of loans can be explained by the increasing use of alternative financial instruments by large firms. Interest rates in turn are following the ECB interest rate, - but this link has become looser in the post-crisis period, and long term government bond rates. Different risks faced by banks and different bank structures have become important explanatories of interest rates in the post-crisis period. (author's abstract)Series: Department of Economics Working Paper Series
30
Fang, Kevin M. "Accessibility of Bay Area Rail Transit Stations: An Evaluation of Opportunities for Transit Oriented Development". DigitalCommons@CalPoly, 2009. https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/theses/221.
Abstract (sommario):
Many groups have been pushing for a shift from automotive oriented transportation and land use, to transit-oriented transportation and land use. These groups have many valid reasons. However, just as it is fair to point out issues about auto travel, so too is it fair to see how transit performs at meeting certain goals. This paper examines the important characteristic of accessibility afforded to travelers. This is quantified through the calculation of accessibility indexes for stations, for the specific case of two existing rail systems and four proposed rail extensions in the San Francisco Bay Area.
As a whole, the four extensions investigated increase regionwide rail accessibility by 18.5 percent, not an insignificant increase. However, the new stations are on average less accessible than their existing counterparts. Two of the four extensions perform well on accessibility measures, either their stations have high accessibility, or jobs around them contribute to high accessibility for nearby stations. The other two extensions however perform poorly on accessibility measures. In a time of limited resources, the accessibility results clearly indicate how the four extensions should be prioritized. The more successful extensions have good access to activity centers. Extensions having good connectivity with other lines can also enhance accessibility if providing significant travel time savings.
31
Andersson, Magdalena. "Förskolan som hälsofrämjande arena : En studie om pedagogens betydelse för goda kostvanor hos barn på förskola". Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Akademin för hälsa och arbetsliv, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-12130.
Abstract (sommario):
Övervikt och fetma beror främst på dåliga kost- och motionsvanor, vanor som grundläggs i tidig ålder. Eftersom cirka 80 procent av svenska barn går i förskolan och spenderar mycket av sin tid där, äter de även många av dagens måltider i förskolan. Detta innebär att förskolan har en betydelsefull roll när det gäller att skapa goda matvanor hos barnen. Syftet med denna studie var att undersöka på vilket sätt ett antal förskolor i en kommun i mellersta Sverige ar-betade för just detta. Syftet var även att se hur pedagogerna såg på sin egen roll för att främja goda kostvanor hos barnen. Den metod som användes var kvantitativ genom enkäter som delades ut till trettiofyra pedagoger på fyra olika förskolor i kommunens innerstad. Enkäten var strukturerad och innehöll både öppna och slutna frågor. Det resultat som framkom var att de flesta pedagoger ansåg att de hade en betydelsefull roll när det gällde barns lärande om mat och matvanor, och de ansåg att maten är en viktig del i förskolan. Trots detta behöver en del arbete göras för att förskolan ska vara en främjande arena för att skapa goda matvanor hos barnen, framförallt då barnens matvanor skilde sig mycket åt förskolorna emellan. Slutsatsen blir då att trots att pedagogerna själva anser sig ha stor betydelse för att ge barnen ett positivt förhållningssätt till mat, skulle kommunens förskolor kunna arbete för att förbättra måltiderna och måltidssituationen i förskolan.
32
Hamrén, Robert. "Vi är bara några kompisar som träffas ibland : Rotary som en manlig arena /". Stockholm : Normal, 2007. http://www.bibl.liu.se/liupubl/disp/disp2007/arts397s.pdf.
33
Yaakub, N. I. "Undue influence in three-party bank-lending transactions in Malaysia : areas for reform". Thesis, University of Manchester, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.497114.
34
Rhoades, Erica L. "Quantifying bank erosion on the South River and its importance in assessing mercury contamination". Access to citation, abstract and download form provided by ProQuest Information and Learning Company; downloadable PDF file, 82 p, 2008. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1597631421&sid=7&Fmt=2&clientId=8331&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
35
Brown, Thomas Joseph. "The Hamilton Bank-Hawke Channel Region, potential as an offshore marine protected area? : a study to examine the physical, biological, economic, and social characteristics of an offshore fishing area". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape2/PQDD_0021/MQ54864.pdf.
36
Symonds, Nicolle Emily. "Ultrasound measurement of the cross-sectional area of the multifidus muscle in the horse: an assessment of the reliability, reproducibility and repeatability of the technique". Thesis, University of Sydney, 2020. https://hdl.handle.net/2123/24510.
Abstract (sommario):
Background Measuring the cross-sectional area of the multifidus muscle using ultrasonography has been described for assessing and monitoring back pain in horses. This technique is extrapolated from human research but has not been validated in the horse.
Objective To assess the intra-operator and inter-operator repeatability, reliability and reproducibility for the ultrasound technique.
Method Ultrasound images were acquired of the multifidus muscle in the ‘short’ and the ‘long’ view at T15, T18, L2 and L5 on both sides. Study 1, part 1 assessed intra-operator reproducibility with 10 horses at two different time points. Study 1, part 2 assessed intra-operator reproducibility at a single time point. Study 2 compared the Philips EpiQ and MyLab ultrasound machines. Study 3 repeated measurements performed on a single static image using external software OsiriX. Study 4 compared inter-operator reproducibility with two operators imaging ten horses. Study 5 compared an additional third operator who is a specialist in diagnostic imaging. Limit of agreement estimates, repeatability coefficients and intra-class correlation coefficients were calculated for each study.
Results Intra-operator repeatability was moderate for repeat images in the same scanning session and excellent for repeat measuring of the images. There was poor intra-operator reproducibility for images taken at two different time points and poor-moderate when using two different machines. Inter-operator reproducibility was poor. Images were most reproducible in the short view cranially and the long view caudally.
Conclusion The operator, machine, side of acquisition and anatomic location all affected reproducibility. Measurement of the multifidus muscle in horses is more suitable for use in research settings or as a once off measurement.
37
Jacobsson, Firyal. "Utomhuspedagogik som en arena för praktisk kunskap". Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Lärarutbildningen, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-30016.
Abstract (sommario):
Syftet med uppsatsen Utomhuspedagogik som en arena för praktisk kunskap äratt undersöka fritidshemslärarnas uppfattning om på vilket sätt utomhuspedagogik bidrar till barns lärande. Resultatet avundersökningen visar att utomhuspedagogik kan vara ett lärande komplement till inomhusundervisning och ett sätt för fritidshemslärarna att komplettera skolan. Undervisningen utomhus bidrar till att öka elevernas lärande, sociala utveckling och hälsa. Jaghar i uppsatsen använt mig av semistrukturerade intervjuer med praktiserande fritidshemslärare. Jag har analyserat intervjuerna genom filosofen John Deweys syn på praktisk kunskap där handling, teori och reflektion binds samman.The purpose with this thesis is to investigate how leisure-time teachers perceive outdoor teaching and how it contributes to the learning process amongst primary school students. The findings indicate that outdoor teaching can be a useful complement to traditional classroom teaching and it also enables leisure-time teachers to be involved in the educational process. Outdoor teaching has been proven to have a positive effect on student’s cognitive learning, social development and general health. In my thesis I have used semi-structured interviews with practicing leisure-time teachers. The thesis uses John Deweys views on practical knowledge to analyze the interviews.
38
Andreasen, Sandra, e Linda Hansson. "De har vassa tänder och är arga : En kvalitativ studie av utomhuspedagogik ur barn- och lärarperspektiv". Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för utbildning, kultur och kommunikation, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-25939.
Abstract (sommario):
Syftet med denna studie är att fördjupa kunskapen om hur man arbetar med utomhuspedagogik i förskolan ur såväl lärar- som barnperspektiv. Datainsamlingen har skett via intervjuer med barn och lärare på förskolan. I resultatet presenterar vi de svar som vi fick från barn och lärare på förskolan. Vi har även kategoriserat svaren efter lämpliga ämnesområden. Barn har väldigt livlig fantasi och använder sig dagligen av den när de leker sina lekar på förskolan. Lärarna är däremot väldigt koncentrerade på sina planerade aktiviteter och tar inte tillvara på vilka intressen barnen har
39
Holmberg, Andreas, e Christoffer Bengtsson. "Portugal and the European Monetary Union. : Investigating an alternative interest rate development using the Taylor Rule". Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Institutionen för samhällsvetenskaper, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-17173.
Abstract (sommario):
The objective of this study is to investigate how the development regarding the short-term nominal interest rate in Portugal would have differed from that set by the ECB 1999-2011 in a situation where they did not enter the European Monetary Union. To do this, we use the Taylor rule, which incorporates economic activities such as inflation and output and how these deviates from their target. Constructing the Taylor rule, we estimate its reaction functions using an Ordinary Least Square Regression on annual data from the period 1988-1998. The reaction functions serve as weights on the deviations for inflation and output. The result reached is that the interest rate set by the ECB since 1999 is far below that interest rate required by the Portuguese economic situation. Further, we discuss how the influence in the setting of the ECB interest rate differs considering the member countries size.
40
Bari, Md Aynul [Verfasser]. "Investigation of Particulate Matter Originating from Wood Combustion in Residential Areas / Md. Aynul Bari". Aachen : Shaker, 2009. http://d-nb.info/115983282X/34.
41
Lindgren, Anne-Li. "Att har barn med är en god sak : Barn, medier och medborgarskap under 1930-talet". Doctoral thesis, Linköpings universitet, Tema Barn, 1999. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-28695.
Abstract (sommario):
Denna avhandling handlar om hur samhället presenterades för barn via skolradion och Folkskolans barntidning under 1930-talet. I avhandlingen granskas hur såväl barnen som medierna i sig gjordes till redskap i den ideologiska striden om välfärdsstatens förändring och innebörder under 1900-talet. Studien handlar om innehållet i medierna och de om de aktörer som utformade program och texter. Vilka aktörer ville ha med barn och varför blev barn användbara i striden om skolradions innehåll och utformning? Vad fanns det för likheter och skillnader i sättet att tilltala och beskriva barn i de båda medierna? Ett viktigt resultat i avhandlingen är hur genus och etnicitet relaterades till barn i skapandet av en svensk folkhemsidentitet.2000
42
Jansson, Therése, e Agnetha Söderberg. ""Lite arga, lite snälla, lite dumma, lite goda" : En studie om förskolan ur barns perspektiv". Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för utbildningsvetenskap (UV), 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-37609.
Abstract (sommario):
I denna studie synliggörs det hur barn beskriver lärare samt på vilket sätt barn upplever delaktighet och inflytande i förskolan. Det är kvalitativa intervjuer som använts, där 15 barn i förskolan i åldrarna tre till sex år har intervjuats. Bakgrundslitteraturen består av tidigare forskning som belyser barnperspektiv och barns perspektiv, barnsyn, delaktighet och inflytande, den dolda läroplanen, relationskapande och barns utsagor om vuxna. I teoriavsnittet knyts det an till Vygotskijs sociokulturella perspektiv. Utifrån studiens resultat synliggörs olika teman vad gäller barnens beskrivningar av lärare: Lärarna tröstar och tillrättarvisar, lärarnas närvaro och lyhördhet, lärarna bestämmer, lärarna leker med mig och lärare ska vara snälla, glada, omhändertagande. När det gäller delaktighet urskiljer vi: när barnen inte får göra som de vill, barnen får bestämma över leken, barnen får leka tillsammans, barnens önskan. Resultatet visar att barnen upplever att lärarna tillrättavisar och tröstar dem när det uppstår konflikter mellan dem. Barnen beskriver att lärarna visar intresse för det de vill. Men de beskriver även att lärarna inte lyssnar och det tycker barnen är ”jobbigt”. Vidare framgår det att barnen tycker att det är lärarna som bestämmer i förskolan när det gäller vad man får och inte får göra. Resultatet visar att barnen vill ha lärarens delaktighet i leken. Barnen uttrycker också att de vill ha en tillåtande och snäll lärare. Det framgår att begreppet snäll har olika betydelse för barnen. De ser även läraren som en omvårdnadsperson. De upplever att de inte alltid får göra som de vill exempelvis i valet av olika aktiviteter. Men barnen beskriver att de har inflytande över vem och vad de vill leka med. Vidare har barnen även önskemål kring verksamhetens innehåll.
43
Edvardsson, Helene. "Vem förstår sig på mig som liten är? : Att arbeta med barn som har känslomässiga svårigheter på förskola". Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Lärarutbildningen, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-21209.
Abstract (sommario):
In my story there are daily conflicts that occur around the boy Peter. I focus on the role of the educator and the preschool, on the grey area children, on the interaction with parents and on "fighter relation". I have during my work tried to see this dilemma from differentperspectives. I question my role as a teacher and recently become a preschool teacher. Peter has no diagnosis, but I have decided to proceed from emotional disorders and language difficulties.
44
BROŽ, Zdeněk. "Modelling of spruce forest decay caused by the European spruce bark beetle in the area of Bohemian Forest using GIS". Master's thesis, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-204441.
Abstract (sommario):
This thesis deals with the bark beetle population gradation which resulted in dieback of montane spruce forest in the central part of the Bohemian Forest, Czech Republic, during 1991 - 2000. A spatio-temporal model of changing land cover has been made using remote sensing and GIS methods. The statistical analyses have been made using generalized linear models (GLM). The possible effect of various conditions and environmental factors at landscape as well as the stand level has been discussed.
45
Van, Wyk Anna Susanna. "Exploring bridge-grafting as technique te restore growth in girdled Ocotea bullata and Curtisia dentata in the Southern Cape forest area". Diss., 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/23277.
Abstract (sommario):
In South Africa, there is a growing concern regarding the sustainability of bark harvesting due to the reduced availability of medicinal trees in natural areas and the slow growing and slow-reproducing nature of South Africa’s indigenous trees, of which some have specific habitat requirements and a limited distribution. With an estimated 80% of all Africans in South Africa still relying on plant material for their basic healthcare needs, approximately 200 000 traditional healers and an estimated 63 000 commercial harvesters, medicinal plants are being exploited to extinction.
The aim of the study was to determine whether bridge-grafting could be used to restore growth in girdled Ocotea bullata and Curtisia dentata trees as these two medicinal tree species are listed on the South African Red List as ‘endangered’ and ‘near threatened’ due to overexploitation. These trees were also historically used in furniture production and general carpentry, which increased these trees’ vulnerability to extinction. Bridge-grafting is a technique widely described in horticultural literature but has not been used to restore growth in medicinal tree species with extensive harvesting damage. Metabolomics as analytical method is a relatively new science, but it is very useful, accurate and repeatable in obtaining knowledge on the metabolites present in a plant, and for determining the concentrations of metabolites. NMR metabolomics is, however, not sensitive enough to quantify metabolites with very low concentrations such as plant hormones.
The results achieved showed that O. bullata and C. dentata responded differently to girdling and bridge-grafting regarding location of callus initiation, callus development, rate of callus development, basal shoot initiation and development and their sucrose source-sink relationships. NMR metabolomics showed that seasonality was an important factor affecting metabolite responses in both species. NMR metabolomics also showed that after one year, there were no differences in responses above and below the girdle wounds, nor were there differences between the grafted trees and the normal control trees. iv
Although the method of bridge-grafting was successful in restoring the growth of O. bullata and C. dentata with this study, much more research needs to be conducted to prevent endangered girdled medicinal trees from becoming extinct, to maintain tree species diversity, genetic diversity and biodiversity.School of Environmental Sciences
M. Sc. (Nature Conservation)
46
Pinto, Cristiana Sofia Santos. "Core back moulding, adhesion optimization in the joining area". Master's thesis, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/1822/69578.
Abstract (sommario):
Dissertação de mestrado em Polymer EngineeringWhen industries need to make components with two or more materials using just one mould and one machine, they use multi-material injection moulding techniques. One of these techniques is the core back moulding that allows the subsequent injection of two different materials without opening the mould, commonly used for parts with simple geometry, normally a rigid part involved with an elastomer. These moulds are very complex in its structure, therefore the design of the mould, its construction and assembly need to be carefully done to avoid part defects. Moreover, multi-material injection moulding may be a challenge regarding the adhesion between materials, being dependent on materials compatibility, materials rheological characteristics and injection moulding conditions used. The present dissertation addresses the development of a core back mould for the production of a complex bi-material part for the automotive industry and the study of the processing conditions that best promote the adhesion between the materials used. For that different tools where used such as Solidworks for the mould design, and DOE for the design of experiments. The mould development went through several steps such as the design of the injection, cooling, ejection and gas trap systems. Then the mould components were machined and assembled. Finally, the mould was tested and the parts were analysed. A study about the adhesion of the materials in this type of moulds and how the processing conditions influence the interface quality was realised. To simplify that study, a Design of Experiments was performed. This method is used to reduce the number of tests, assuring the reliability of the results. Finally, to analyse the adhesion of the parts, tensile tests were performed. It was concluded that the mould had a good performance. Parts were successfully made and the strength of the joints evaluate. It was concluded that the adhesion between materials was more efficient in the part extremities comparing with the middle zones. These results are attributed to the location of the gate and also the complex geometry of the part. Furthermore, the processing conditions influence the strength of the joint region. The set of values that would optimise PP/EPDM joints are the injection temperature of the second material of 200ºC, the mould temperature of 40ºC and the injection pressure of 80bar.
Quando as indústrias necessitam de fazer componentes com dois ou mais materiais utilizando apenas um molde e uma máquina, utilizam técnicas de moldação por injeção multi-material. Uma destas técnicas é a moldação core back que permite a subsequente injeção de dois materiais diferentes sem abertura do molde, normalmente utilizada para peças com geometria simples, como uma peça rígida envolvida com um elastómero. Estes moldes são muito complexos, pelo que a conceção do molde, a sua construção e montagem precisam de ser realizadas cuidadosamente para evitar defeitos nas peças. Além disso, a moldação multi-material pode ser um desafio no que respeita à adesão entre os materiais, dependendo da compatibilidade dos materiais, características reológicas e condições de processamento. A presente dissertação aborda o desenvolvimento de um molde core back para a produção de uma peça bi-material para a indústria automóvel e o estudo das condições de processamento que melhor promovem a adesão entre os materiais utilizados. Para isso são utilizadas diferentes ferramentas, tais como Solidworks para o desenho do molde, e DOE. O desenvolvimento do molde passou por várias etapas, tais como a conceção dos sistemas de injeção, arrefecimento, ejeção e escape de gás. Em seguida, os componentes do molde foram maquinados e montados. Finalmente, o molde foi testado e as peças foram analisadas. Foi realizado um estudo sobre a adesão dos materiais neste tipo de moldes e como as condições de processamento influenciam a qualidade da interface. Para simplificar esse estudo, foi realizado um Design of Experiments. Este método é utilizado para reduzir o número de ensaios, assegurando a fiabilidade dos resultados. Finalmente, para analisar a adesão das peças, foram realizados ensaios de tração. Concluiu-se que o molde tinha um bom desempenho. As peças foram produzidas com sucesso e a resistência da zona de união foi avaliada. Concluiu-se que a adesão entre os materiais era mais eficiente nas extremidades das peças, em comparação com as zonas médias. Estes resultados devem-se à localização do ponto de injeção e também à complexa geometria da peça. Além disso, as condições de processamento influenciam a resistência da zona de união. O conjunto de valores que otimizariam a adesão da peça PP/EPDM são a temperatura de injeção do segundo material de 200ºC, a temperatura do molde de 40ºC e a pressão de injeção de 80bar.
47
Huang, Hsuan-han, e 黃宣翰. "Design Style and Image Cognitive of Bank Logo inTaiwan Area". Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/36031504501513618744.
Abstract (sommario):
碩士台南應用科技大學
視覺傳達設計系碩士班
102
Banking is the most important role played in human economic activity. The economic activity has been active ever since the banking business opened here in Taiwan. As a result, banks were springing up like mushrooms on the soil of Taiwan. However, it depends on the assistance of the Corporate Identity System (CIS) to outstand the keen competitive market. Of the CIS, logo plays the most important role in this study as the main objective. This study first applied the content analysis to analyze the design and style elements, colors, company philosophy of logos represented by different banks and then take out the symbolic glossary, symbolic pictures and symbolic colors with empirical approach to find out the glossary of the semantic scale from the symbolic glossary to make the questionnaires. The evaluation data of the questionnaires are collected and organized with statistical software which will be analyzed by t-test and factor analysis and then proceed with analysis and comparison for various results. The results obtained from this study are: First, the corporate operation philosophy glossary, logo style elements and colors most used by Taiwanese banks at present; next, it gives a rough idea about the general public to bank logo image cognitive and realized there were three common factors of the people on banking logo image, which including that there was cognitive difference of bank logo image between the designer and the general public, besides, there was significant difference on corporate philosophy between the banks and the general public. Besides, from the semantic space one may realize the distribution condition of the bank images among different banks as a reference for designer. Further, this study made a cross comparison among bank logo image, ideal bank image, and typical bank image and found the image of different banks is similar to the bank image from general public for the moment, which means
48
Huang, Yao-Sheng, e 黃耀陞. "Spatial Econometric Analysis for the Bank Sector in Taipei Area". Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/89682464971739295426.
49
Chen, Li-Chun, e 陳麗秋. "Developing a Mobile Bank System Success Model:An Empirical Study on Mobile Bank Users of Taitung Area". Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/50620359443208396775.
Abstract (sommario):
碩士國立臺東大學
資訊管理學系碩士班
101
The ever-increasing spread of electronic banking changed the business of retail banks significantly, at the same time reducing costs and increasing convenience for the customer as well as proffering new strategic opportunities for the financial industry. In addition, the high penetration of mobile bank could make the enormous economic impacts in replacing a high-cost channel through a low-cost channel for simple transactions, with the additional benefit of eliminating the necessity for a media conversion. Thus, it is a new challenge for the financial industry to figure out how to meet their customers’ needs for convenience and improve their satisfaction. Based upon the IS success model proposed by DeLone and McLean and the re-specified EC system success model proposed by Wang (2008), the researcher develops a mobile bank system success model. The research model was then applied as the theoretical basis for exploring the causal effects from information quality, system quality and service quality, through the mediation of customer satisfaction and perceived value, on users’ behavioral intentions to use mobile bank. The target population of this study focuses on the mobile bank system users. Through a convenience sampling method, the bank system users of Taitung area were recruited as the participants for collecting the empirical data. The valid 150 responses were then analyzed by the descriptive statistical analysis and component-based structural equation modeling technique, partial least squares, to test the proposed hypotheses and validate the nomological validity of the conceptual framework in this study. The analytical results have confirmed the proposed plausible hypotheses and the nomological validity of the research model, except for the hypothesis drawing from the information quality on users’ perceived value of mobile bank usage. The research findings of the study are expected to provide practical implications and valuable recommendations to help the banking industry understand how to successfully develop and improve the performance in mobile banking business as well as contribute to the related research discipline of mobile bank usage.
50
Cheng-Yen, Hsu, e 許正諺. "The Efficiency and Productivity Study of Bank Industry in Taiwan Area". Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/07698144676404887673.
Abstract (sommario):
碩士嶺東科技大學
經營管理研究所
95
This study examines the efficiency and productivity of the banking industry in Taiwan. The researcher employed Data Envelopment Analysis, a method of the nonparametric-linear programming approach, and DEA-Malmquist to evaluate the changes of efficiency and productivity of 39 banks in Taiwan and to find out the sources of the productivity change. A panel data sample of these banks collected between 2002 and 2003 were selected to be analyzed. The results of this study are listed below: 1. The results of efficiency evaluation using DEA indicates that the average efficiency of CRS (Constant Return to Scale), between 2002 and 2003, of the 39 banks selected is 0.7402. The average efficiency of VRS (Variable Return to Scale) is 0.8551.The average efficiency of scale is 0.8677. It can be seen clearly that the banking industry in Taiwan should improve efficiency. 2. This study shows that between 2002 and 2003, banks without stocks launched have higher inefficiency of CRS than banks having stocks launched; banks having stocks launched have higher inefficiency of VRS than banks without stocks launched . The banks without stocks launched have higher inefficiency of RS (Return to Scale) than banks having stocks launched. In other words, the results indicate that compared to banks with stocks launched, banks without stocks launched of the banking industry in Taiwan is more inefficient on CRS (Constant Return to Scale) and RS (Return to Scale). 3. This study shows that banks of non-financial holdings have higher inefficiency of CRS (Constant Return to Scale) than banks of financial holdings between 2002 and 2003; banks of non-financial holdings have higher inefficiency of VRS (Variable Return to Scale) than banks of financial holdings. The banks of non-financial holdings have higher inefficiency of RS (Return to Scale) than banks of financial holdings. In other words, the results indicate that compared to banks of financial holdings, banks of non-financial holdings of the banking industry in Taiwan is more inefficient on CRS (Constant Return to Scale), VRS (Variable Return to Scale), and on RS (Return to Scale). 4. In conclusion, this study shows that banks of financial holdings have higher efficiency than banks of non-financial holdings; banks having stocks launched have higher efficiency than banks without it. 5. The index trend of DEA-TFPCH index of the banking industry in Taiwan between 2002 and 2003 is larger than 1, which indicate that productivity of bank industry has been improving.