Tesi: "Auditory aids"

1

Kressner, Abigail A. "Auditory models for evaluating algorithms". Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/41171.

Testo completo

Abstract (sommario):

Hearing aids are tasked with the undesirable job of compensating an impaired, highly-nonlinear auditory system. Historically, these devices have either employed linear processing or relatively unsophisticated, nonlinear processing techniques. With increasingly more accurate models of the auditory system, expanding computational power, and many more objective measures which utilize these models, we are at a turning point in hearing aid design. Although subjective listener tests are often the most accepted methods for evaluating the quality and intelligibility of speech, they inherently treat the auditory system as a "black box." Conversely, model-based objective measures typically treat the auditory system as a cascade of physical processes. As a result, objective measures have the potential to provide more detailed information about how sound is processed and about where and why quality or intelligibility breaks down. Provided that we can generalize model-based objective measures, we can use the measures as tools for understanding how to best process degraded signals, and therefore, how to best design hearing aids. However, generalizability is a key requirement. Since many of the well-known objective measures have been developed for normal-hearing listeners in the context of audio codecs, we are unsure about the generalizability of these measures to predicting quality and intelligibility for hearing-impaired listeners with "unknown" datasets (i.e. a set on which it was not trained) and distortions which are specific to hearing aids. Relatively recently, however, Kates and Arehart (Journal of the Audio Engineering Society, 2010) proposed the Hearing Aid Speech Quality Index (HASQI), which is a model-based objective measure that predicts quality for normal-hearing and hearing-impaired listeners by taking into account many of the distortions which hearing aids introduce. HASQI solves many of our concerns of generalizability for predicting quality, but it still remains to test HASQI's ability to predict quality with datasets on which it was not trained. Thus, we explore the robustness of HASQI by testing its ability to predict quality for "unknown" de-noised speech, and we directly compare its performance to some other metrics in the literature.

Gli stili APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO e altri

2

Morrison, Robert Bruce. "Frequency responses of hearing aids coupled with FM auditory trainers". PDXScholar, 1989. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/3913.

Testo completo

Abstract (sommario):

This study examined the frequency response characteristics of three behind-the-ear hearing aids alone and in combination with three FM auditory trainers. The hearing aids and FM auditory trainers were coupled using two different methods: direct audio input and personal mini-loop. Also, two different gain control settings were used. Frequency responses were evaluated using a template method specified in ANSI S3.22 1982 standards. A larger percentage of the personal mini-loop combinations failed to meet this ANSI standard as compared to the direct audio input combinations (72.3% vs. 50%). The frequency response curves for various combinations of hearing aids and FM auditory trainers were also separated into high and low frequency bands. Significant changes in output were found for the low frequency region, and these changes were dependent upon the coupling method. Specifically, the personal mini-loop tended to produce a significant reduction in output in the low frequency band as compared to that of the hearing aid alone. The use of direct audio input resulted in a significant increase in output in the low frequency band as compared to that of the hearing aid alone. This latter method produced the best overall agreement with the hearing aid frequency response, especially when the FM auditory trainer was set at full on gain and the hearing aid at a low gain setting.

Gli stili APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO e altri

3

Li, Min. "Wavelet and filterbank modelling of the normal and impaired auditory system". Thesis, University of Ulster, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.245801.

Testo completo

Gli stili APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO e altri

4

Merry, Kathryn Jean. "The use of auditory brainstem responses in determining the maximum outputs of hearing aids". PDXScholar, 1989. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/3906.

Testo completo

Abstract (sommario):

Uncomfortable listening level (UCL) is a behavioral measure which is currently used to set the maximum outputs of hearing aids. This study explored the feasibility of prescribing the maximum outputs of hearing aids by using results obtained from auditory brainstern response (ABR) testing. More specifically, this study compared ABR wave latencies with behaviorally-measured UCLs for a single cycle 3 kHz stimulus in normal-hearing adults.

Gli stili APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO e altri

5

Olson, Anne D. "AUDITORY TRAINING AT HOME FOR ADULT HEARING AID USERS". UKnowledge, 2010. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/gradschool_diss/11.

Testo completo

Abstract (sommario):

Research has shown that re-learning to understand speech in noise can be a difficult task for adults with hearing aids (HA). If HA users want to improve their speech understanding ability, specific training may be needed. Auditory training is one type of intervention that may enhance listening abilities for adult HA users. The purpose of this study was to examine the behavioral effects of an auditory training program called Listening and Communication Enhancement (LACE™) in the Digital Video Display (DVD) format in new and experienced HA users. No research to date has been conducted on the efficacy of this training program. An experimental, repeated measures group design was used. Twenty–six adults with hearing loss participated in this experiment and were assigned to one of three groups: New HA + training, Experienced HA + training or New HA – control. Participants in the training groups completed twenty, 30 minute training lessons from the LACE™ DVD program at home over a period of 4-weeks. Trained group participants were evaluated at baseline, after 2-weeks of training and again after 4- weeks of training. Participants in the control group were evaluated at baseline and after 4-weeks of HA use. Findings indicate that both new and experienced users improved their understanding of speech in noise after training and perception of communication function. Effect size calculations suggested that a larger training effect was observed for new HA users compared to experienced HA users. New HA users also reported greater benefit from training compared to experienced users. Auditory training with the LACE ™ DVD format should be encouraged, particularly among new HA users to improve understanding speech in noise.

Gli stili APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO e altri

6

Dickinson, Ann-Marie. "Non-linear frequency compression : audiometric predictors of benefit and the role of auditory training". Thesis, University of Manchester, 2016. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/nonlinear-frequency-compression-audiometric-predictors-of-benefit-and-the-role-of-auditory-training(de2f3330-2a7f-41c8-a835-c35e5c30c4c7).html.

Testo completo

Abstract (sommario):

Non-linear frequency compression (NLFC) hearing aids aim to deliver high-frequency sound to a better functioning, lower frequency region of the cochlea. Despite the widespread use of frequency lowering technology, it continues to be difficult to predict candidacy. Since the aim of NLFC is to improve high-frequency audibility, possible predictors of benefit may include high-frequency hearing thresholds. NLFC alters the harmonic relationship of speech, and it has frequently been proposed that auditory training may help users adapt to the distorted acoustic signal. The aim of this thesis was twofold: firstly, to identify audiometric predictors of benefit from NLFC, and secondly to explore the role of auditory training in adaptation to NLFC. The first study aimed to determine if outcome with NLFC was related to hearing thresholds. Twenty-one experienced adult hearing aid users, with mild-to-profound high-frequency hearing loss, completed speech recognition and self-report measures with NLFC enabled and disabled over 16 weeks. The additional benefit gained on phoneme detection and word recognition tasks with NLFC enabled was positively correlated with average high-frequency hearing loss. Additional benefit began to emerge as average high-frequency hearing thresholds exceeded 70 dB HL. There was some evidence of a ‘roll-off’ in additional benefit when hearing thresholds exceeded 100 dB HL. The second study aimed to identify which training method, if any, may help adaptation to NLFC. Forty young normally hearing adults were randomly allocated to one of four groups: a training group (sentence or consonant) or a control group (passive exposure or test-only). Training led to significant improvements on novel measures of speech recognition. Generalisation was limited to near transfer i.e. sentence training led to improved sentence recognition whilst consonant training led to improved consonant recognition. Improvements following passive exposure to frequency compressed sentences were equivalent to those achieved by active sentence training. Results from this second study suggest that auditory training may improve outcome for users of NLFC hearing aids, but passive exposure may be an important confounding variable. In the final study high-frequency focused sentence and consonant training was compared to sham training (passive exposure to a talking book). Twenty-six hearing-impaired adults who were new users of NLFC were allocated to either an auditory training or a sham training group. Measures of speech recognition and self-report benefit were administered before and after four weeks of home-based training. Auditory training significantly improved speech reception thresholds. In conclusion, benefit from NLFC was dependent on hearing thresholds; as hearing thresholds increased so did benefit. Participants with severe-to-profound high-frequency hearing loss gained most benefit from NLFC. Auditory training provided alongside NLFC significantly improved speech recognition in noise but changes to all other outcome measures were not significant.

Gli stili APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO e altri

7

Ireland, Katie Helen. "Can the auditory late response indicate audibility of speech sounds from hearing aids with different digital processing strategies". Thesis, University of Southampton, 2014. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/385314/.

Testo completo

Abstract (sommario):

Auditory late responses (ALR) have been proposed as a hearing aid (HA) evaluation tool but there is limited data exploring alterations to the waveform morphology from using digital HAs. The research had two phases: an adult normal hearing phase and an infant hearing impaired clinical feasibility phase. The adult normal hearing study investigated how different HA strategies and stimuli may influence the ALR. ALRs were recorded from 20 normally hearing young adults. Test sounds, /m/, /g/, /t/, processed in four HA conditions (unaided, linear, wide dynamic range compression (WDRC), non linear frequency compression (NLFC)) were presented at 65 dB nHL.Stimuli were 100 ms duration with a 3 second inter-stimulus interval. An Fsp measure of ALR quality was calculated and its significance determined using bootstrap analysis to objectively indicate response presence from background noise. Data from 16 subjects was included in the statistical analysis. ALRs were present in 96% of conditions and there was good repeatability between unaided ALRs. Unaided amplitude was significantly larger than all aided amplitudes and unaided latencies were significantly earlier than aided latencies in most conditions. There was no significant effect of NLFC on the ALR waveforms. Stimulus type had a significant effect on amplitude but not latency. The results showed that ALRs can be recorded reliably through a digital HA. There was an overall effect of aiding on the response likely due to the delay, compression characteristics and frequency shaping introduced by the HA. Type of HA strategy did not significantly alter the ALR waveform. The differences found in ALR amplitude due to stimulus type may be due to tonotopic organisation of the auditory cortex. The infant hearing impaired study was conducted to explore the feasibility of using ALRs as a means of indicating audibility of sound from HA’s in a clinical population. ALRs were recorded from 5 infants aged between 5-6 months with bilateral sensori neural hearing loss and wearing their customised HA’s. The speech sounds /m/ and /t/ from the adult study were presented at an rms level of 65 dB SPL in 3 conditions: unaided; WDRC; NLFC. Bootstrap analysis of Fsp was again used to determine response presence and probe microphone measures were recorded in the aided conditions to confirm audibility of the test sounds. ALRs were recordable in young infants wearing HAs. 85% of aided responses were present where only 10% of unaided were present. NLFC active improved aided response presence to the high frequency speech sound /t/ for 1 infant. There were no clear differences in the aided waveforms between the speech sounds. The results showed that it is feasible to record ALRs in an infant clinical population. The response appeared more sensitive to improved audibility than frequency alterations.

Gli stili APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO e altri

8

Olsen, Henrik L. "Supra-threshold hearing loss and wide dynamic range compression /". Stockholm, 2004. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2004/91-7349-921-8.

Testo completo

Gli stili APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO e altri

9

Åbom, Karl. "Comparison of effectiveness in using 3D-audio and visual aids in identifying objects in a three-dimensional environment". Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Institutionen för programvaruteknik, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-2068.

Testo completo

Abstract (sommario):

Context: Modern commercial computer games use a number of different stimuli to assist players in locating key objects in the presented Virtual Environment (VE). These stimuli range from visual to auditory, and are employed in VEs depending on several factors such as gameplay design and aesthetics. Objectives: This study compares three different localization aids in order to evaluate their effectiveness in VEs. Method: An experiment is carried out in which testplayers are tasked with using audio signals, visual input, as well as a combination of both to correctly identify objects in a virtual scene. Results: Results gained from the experiment show how long testplayers spent on tests which made use of different stimuli. Upon analyzing the data, it was found that that audio stimulus was the slowest localization aid, and that visual stimulus and the combination of visual and auditory stimulus were tied for the fastest localization aid. Conclusions: The study concludes that there is a significant difference in efficiency among different localization aids and VEs of varied visual complexity, under the condition that the testplayer is familiar with each stimuli.
3D-ljud och visuella hjälpmedel är vanliga i moderna datorspel. I denna uppsats detaljeras en studie kring effektivitet vid använding av 3D-ljud och visuella hjälpmedel i tre-dimensionella miljöer. Studien använder sig av en experimentiell design där testspelare får sitta i ett datorspel-liknande upplägg och använda sig av visuella och auditoriska hjälpmedel för att identifiera objekt i dessa miljöer. Studien bekräftar att det finns en signifikant skillnad i effektivitet mellan olika visuella och auditoriska hjälpmedel i tre-dimensionella miljöer.

Gli stili APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO e altri

10

Sporck, Karen Kieley. "Effect of real-ear verification on hearing aid benefit /". Full-text of dissertation on the Internet (7.38 MB), 2010. http://www.lib.jmu.edu/general/etd/2010/doctorate/sporcksk/sporcksk_doctorate_04-19-2010_01.pdf.

Testo completo

Gli stili APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO e altri

11

Juan, Kleber Ramos de. "Avaliação audiológica, eletroacústica e eletrofisiológica da audição em adultos com HIV/AIDS". Universidade de São Paulo, 2009. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5162/tde-02062009-092606/.

Testo completo

Abstract (sommario):

INTRODUÇÃO: A Síndrome da Imunodeficiência Adquirida é causada pelo vírus da imunodeficiência humana, um retrovírus específico que afeta o sistema imunológico, propiciando a ocorrência de diversas infecções oportunistas e podendo afetar também o sistema nervoso auditivo central. OBJETIVO: Avaliar as vias periférica e central do sistema auditivo em indivíduos adultos com HIV/AIDS. MÉTODOS: Foram avaliados 25 indivíduos com HIV/AIDS e 25 indivíduos do grupo controle, sendo estes submetidos à avaliação audiológica convencional, audiometria em altas frequências, emissões otoacústicas por transiente, supressão das emissões otoacústicas, potenciais evocados auditivos de tronco encefálico, média latência e Potencial Cognitivo (P300). RESULTADOS: O grupo estudo apresentou alterações em todas as avaliações realizadas, enquanto que o grupo controle apresentou alterações na audiometria em altas frequências, supressão das emissões otoacústicas, potencial evocado auditivo de média latência e P300. A comparação dos resultados normais e alterados obtidos entre os grupos apresentou diferença estatisticamente significante para a audiometria tonal convencional, audiometria em altas frequências, timpanometria, pesquisa dos reflexos acústicos, emissões otoacústicas, supressão das emissões otoacústicas e potencial evocado auditivo de tronco encefálico, sendo também possível observar uma tendência à diferença estatisticamente significante no P300. Com relação aos tipos de alteração, o grupo estudo apresentou maior ocorrência de perda auditiva neurossensorial na avaliação audiológica convencional, alterações sugestivas de comprometimento de orelha média e tronco encefálico concomitantemente no potencial evocado auditivo de tronco encefálico, alteração do tipo ambas (efeito eletrodo e efeito orelha ocorrendo concomitantemente) no potencial evocado auditivo de média latência e alterações por aumento de latência no P300. Com relação à análise quantitativa pode-se verificar que na comparação dos resultados obtidos entre os grupos houveram diferenças estatisticamente significantes para todos os limiares obtidos na audiometria tonal convencional, bem como na audiometria em altas frequências; no potencial evocado auditivo de tronco encefálico para a latência das ondas I, III, V, e interpicos I-V e III-V; no potencial evocado auditivo de média latência para a latência da onda Pa nas modalidades C4-A1 e C4-A2 e no P300 para a latência dessa onda. CONCLUSÃO: Indivíduos com HIV/AIDS apresentam alterações na avaliação audiológica convencional, audiometria em altas frequências, emissões otoacústicas, supressão das emissões otoacústicas e nos potenciais evocados auditivos, sugerindo comprometimento tanto da via auditiva periférica como da via auditiva central.
INTRODUCTION: The Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome is caused by the human immunodeficiency virus, a specific retrovirus that affects the immunological system allowing the emergence of several opportunistic infections, and that may also affect the central auditory nervous system. AIM: To assess the peripheral and central auditory pathways of the auditory system of individuals with HIV/AIDS. METHOD: 25 individuals with HIV/AIDS and 25 individuals from a control group were evaluated by conventional audiological assessment, high-frequency audiometry, transient otoacoustic emissions, suppression of otoacoustic emissions, brainstem auditory evoked potential, middle latency auditory evoked potential, and Cognitive Potential (P300). RESULTS: The study group presented abnormal results in all evaluations while the control group presented abnormal results in high-frequency audiometry, otoacoustic emission suppression, middle latency auditory evoked potential and P300. The comparison of normal and abnormal results between the groups showed statistically significant difference in conventional pure tone audiometry, high-frequency audiometry, tympanometry, acoustic reflexes, otoacoustic emissions, otoacoustic emissions suppression, and brainstem auditory evoked potential; it was also observed a tendency to statistically significant difference in P300. Concerning the types of alterations, the study group presented higher incidence of sensorineural hearing loss in the conventional audiological assessment; alterations suggestive of concomitant middle ear and brainstem disorders in the brainstem auditory evoked potential; concomitant electrode effect and ear effect in the middle latency auditory evoked potential; and increased latency in P300. In the quantitative analysis it was verified that in the comparison of results between the groups there were statistically significant differences for all thresholds obtained in the conventional pure tone audiometry as well as in the high-frequency audiometry; in the brainstem auditory evoked potential for the latency of waves I, III, V, and interpeaks I-V and III-V; in the middle latency for the latency of wave Pa in modalities C4-A1 and C4- A2; and in P300 latency. CONCLUSION: Individuals with HIV/AIDS present alteration in conventional audiological assessment, high-frequency audiometry, otoacoustic emission, otoacoustic emission suppression, and in auditory evoked potentials suggesting abnormalities of both, the peripheral and the central auditory pathways.

Gli stili APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO e altri

12

Pretorius, Celesté. "The response of the central auditory nervous system to sound in normal hearing adults with and without HIV/AIDS : an fMRI study". Thesis, University of Pretoria, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/65597.

Testo completo

Abstract (sommario):

Research applying fMRI to evaluate any activation in the central auditory nervous system (CANS) is currently limited, but has shown some promising potential. fMRI is likely to become the tool of choice for addressing many research questions concerning the auditory system, especially regarding the localization of the function of certain auditory areas and brain connectivity. The main aim was to determine the response of the central auditory nervous system (CANS) to sound in normal hearing adults with and without HIV/AIDS, using fMRI. A between-group comparative design was used to determine and compare the response of the CANS to auditory stimuli of a sample of 15 normal hearing participants without (HIV/AIDS) and 12 normal hearing participants with (HIV/AIDS). Structural and fMRI images were acquired using a 1.5T Siemens Magnetom Espree. Two different listening stimuli tasks namely nonsense syllables and warble tones were presented binaurally using earphones. These stimuli were presented with a block design with two conditions, silence (baseline) of twenty seconds and the stimuli task tone of twenty seconds. It was interleaved with duration of 20 seconds per block, with each block repeated four times. The task paradigm was done with blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) technique. Images were analysed by statistical parametric mapping software. A priori regions of interest (ROIs) for the CANS were defined and separate participant analyses were performed on the average signal in each ROI using the general linear model. The beta values generated from this analysis reflected the mean percentage signal change within the ROI of the CANS for the two tasks for each participant. A whole brain analysis was also done to determine and compare the multiple areas of activation and responses to the two tasks in the whole brain. Both groups of participants showed activation in all the ROIs of the CANS, but the mean percentage signal change in BA41 and BA42 differed significantly between the 2 groups with a p-value of 0.03 both BA41 and BA42. The control group showed a significantly greater increase in neuronal activity caused by cerebral blood flow to BA41 and BA42 than the HIV/AIDS group. The influence of possible confounding factors such as gender, age, and education on the mean percentage signal change in BA41 and BA42 in the two groups was also determined. Age (p = 0.95) and education (p = 0.68) had no statistically significant effect on the mean percentage signal change in BA41 and BA42 for any of the two groups in this study. However, gender had a significant effect for the mean percentage signal change for BA41 (p = 0.042) and BA42 (p = 0.037). The influence of the CD4 count and years on ART on the neural response of the ROIs CANS to the auditory stimulation (nonsense syllables) was also determined. The results showed a negative linear regression analysis, thus indicating an inverse correlation between the years on ART and the activated BOLD signals in BA41 and BA42 areas during the nonsense syllables task. The use of ART could have reduced the CD4 count in this study. Although this trend was observed, it would require a bigger sample to shed more light on these findings. Results of the response of the ROIs to warble tones indicated no significant differences between all the ROIs of the two groups, however a borderline significant difference (0.07) of activation occurred, namely the inferior colliculus in the right hemisphere of the HIV/AIDS group.
Thesis (PhD)--University of Pretoria, 2017.
Speech-Language Pathology and Audiology
PhD
Unrestricted

Gli stili APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO e altri

13

Kirby, Benjamin James. "The impact of frequency compression on cortical evoked potentials and perception". Diss., University of Iowa, 2014. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/4663.

Testo completo

Abstract (sommario):

Nonlinear frequency compression is a signal processing technique used to increase the audibility of high frequency speech sounds for hearing aid users with sloping, high frequency hearing loss. However, excessive compression ratios may reduce spectral contrast between sounds and negatively impact speech perception. This is of particular concern in infants and young children, who may not be able to provide feedback about frequency compression settings. This study explores use of an objective cortical auditory evoked potential that is sensitive to changes in spectral contrast, the auditory change complex (ACC), in the verification of frequency compression parameters. We recorded ACC responses in adult listeners to a spectral ripple contrast stimulus processed with a range of frequency compression ratios (1:1 to 4:1). Vowel identification, consonant identification, speech recognition in noise (QuickSIN), and behavioral ripple discrimination thresholds were also measured under identical frequency compression conditions. In Experiment 1, these measures were completed in ten adult normal hearing individuals to determine the effects of this type of signal processing in individuals with optimal hearing. In Experiment 2, these same measures were repeated in ten adults with sloping, high frequency hearing loss, which is the clinical population for whom this signal processing technique was intended. No significant relationship of compression ratio and vowel identification was found in the normal hearing listeners, though a significant negative effect of increasing frequency compression ratio was observed in the hearing impaired group. Significant effects of compression ratio on ACC amplitude, consonant identification, ripple discrimination threshold, and speech perception in noise were found for both the normal hearing and hearing impaired groups. These results indicate that the ACC response, like speech and non-speech perceptual measures, is sensitive to frequency compression ratio. Further investigation of this technique with hearing impaired individuals is needed to determine optimal stimulus and recording parameters for the ACC in both adults and children.

Gli stili APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO e altri

14

Käthner, Ivo R. J. [Verfasser], Andrea [Gutachter] Kübler e Stefan [Gutachter] Debener. "Auditory and visual brain-computer interfaces as communication aids for persons with severe paralysis / Ivo R. J. Käthner. Gutachter: Andrea Kübler ; Stefan Debener". Würzburg : Universität Würzburg, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1112041265/34.

Testo completo

Gli stili APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO e altri

15

Lau, Suk-han. "The effect of type and level of noise on long-term average speech spectrum (LTASS) /". Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1998. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B17896253.

Testo completo

Gli stili APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO e altri

16

Olson, Marcia Ann. "Speech Recognition with Linear and Non-linear Amplification in the Presence of Industrial Noise". PDXScholar, 1996. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/5167.

Testo completo

Abstract (sommario):

In order to help reduce hearing loss, the Occupational Safety and Health Administration regulates noise levels in work environments. However, hearing aids are the primary rehabilitative service provided for individuals with an occupational hearing loss. Very little is being done to monitor hearing aid use in the work environment. Noise which may be safe to an unaided ear can amplified to levels that are damaging to the ear when a hearing aid is being worn. However, it is necessary for some individuals to wear amplification in these noisy environments for safety reasons. As a consequence it is important that these individuals be able to understand speech in the presence of industrial noise while wearing amplification. The purpose of this study was to determine if there is a significant difference in speech intelligibility between linear hearing aids and different types of non-linear hearing aids when they are used in the presence of industrial noise. Twenty-four normal hearing subjects were selected for this study. Each subject was ask to identify words in four CID W-22 lists which had been recorded through a linear hearing aid and two different non-linear hearing aids. Test results showed significantly better word· recognition for the linear in quiet condition over all other conditions. Significantly higher scores were obtained for the TILL condition than were obtained for the Linear in noise and the BILL condition. These preliminary results suggest that an individual wearing amplification in a noisy work environment would benefit with a TILL circuit. The TILL circuit would provide better speech intelligibility in this type of environment. Therefore, providing a safer work environment for the hearing aid user.

Gli stili APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO e altri

17

Allard, Bradley James. "The Use of the California Consonant Test and the Northwestern University Auditory Test no. 6 in Hearing Aid Evaluations for Individuals with Precipitous Losses Above 1 kHz". PDXScholar, 1990. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/3953.

Testo completo

Abstract (sommario):

These two joint-studies used recorded versions of the Northwestern University Auditory Test Number 6 (NU-6) and the California Consonant Test (CCT) in the hearing aid evaluations (HAEs) of 12 male and one female subjects, aged 41 to 87 years. They exhibited precipitous high frequency losses beyond 1 kHz in at least one ear. All subjects were evaluated without amplification and while monaurally aided with two conventional high pass hearing aids. Ten of the subjects were evaluated in multi-talker noise and 11 were tested in quiet. Since the CCT was more heavily weighted than the NU-6 with target phonemes sensitive to high frequency losses, it was hypothesized that the CCT might be more sensitive than the NU-6 to significant differences between aided and/or unaided performances of these particularly high frequency impaired subjects. The data collected in noise and in quiet was analyzed separately with the one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) for repeated measures. No significant differences were found in noise or quiet between the aided performances on either the CCT or the NU-6. The NU-6 in noise, however, revealed significant degrees of aided improvement at the .01 level of confidence that the CCT did not. The addition of noise seemed to make the CCT too difficult for these subjects. In quiet, both tests seemed to be as equally sensitive in revealing significant aided improvement at the .01 level of confidence. The lower mean CCT scores in quiet, however, seemed to indicate that if unaided NU-6 performances are too high to allow for significant aided improvement or significant differences between aids, the more time consuming CCT might be appropriate.

Gli stili APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO e altri

18

Spirakis, Gregory J. "Long term stability of self reported hearing aid benefit in adults". Scholar Commons, 2002. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/2950.

Testo completo

Abstract (sommario):

The purpose of this study was to investigate the stability of hearing aid benefit, as measured by the Abbreviated Profile of Hearing Aid Benefit (APHAB; Cox & Alexander, 1995), between three months post hearing aid fitting and at next the annual audiological re-evaluation. The annual re-evaluation was at least, and as close to nine months as possible, after the previous audiological. The maximum time between the two evaluations was 18 months. Thirty-six hearing aid patients participated in this study. The participants were both male andfemale, and were fitted monaurally or binaurally with hearing aid(s). All participants had sensorineural hearing loss with no ongoing or permanent conductive or retrocochlear pathology. The APHAB scale was administered at the three month hearing aid check (HAC) and again at the annual audiometric re-evaluation. Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA), with length of time between the three month hearing aid check (HAC) and the next audiological re-evaluation as a covariate, was used to examine the main effects of time of administration and subscale [e.g., ease of communication (EC), reverberant conditions (RV), background noise (BN), and aversiveness of sounds (AV) and their interactions. Results revealed a significant reduction in the mean benefit scores between the 3-month HAC and annual re-evaluation APHAB administration. It is hypothesized that the causal factor of the decrease in benefit in the EC, RV, & BN are multifactorial. These reductions in benefits may be do to the Hawthorne effect, unrealistic hearing aid benefit expectations by the participants, or a heightened expectation of hearing aid benefit due to the financial expense. It should also be noted, however, that using the 90% confidence interval for "true" clinical benefit, 21 of the participants maintained stable benefit over the course of the study. Finally, although not statistically significant, the fourth APHAB scale, aversiveness of sounds (AV), improved over time.

Gli stili APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO e altri

19

Silva, Eleonora Csipai da. "Características audiológicas pré e pós adaptação de aparelhos auditivos em pacientes com zumbido". Universidade de São Paulo, 2018. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5170/tde-14082018-124857/.

Testo completo

Abstract (sommario):

Introdução: Zumbido é um sintoma de alterações nas vias auditivas com etiologia variada. Muitos pacientes com perda auditiva possuem zumbido e um dos tratamentos é o uso dos aparelhos auditivos. Os aparelhos auditivos amplificam os sons externos e os pacientes passam a perceber melhor os sons do ambiente, diminuindo a percepção do zumbido e proporcionando melhora na entrada do som por meio do enriquecimento sonoro. Contudo, é visto na literatura que alguns pacientes não observam a diminuição do incômodo e da percepção do zumbido ao utilizar os aparelhos auditivos. O estudo da audição periférica nestes pacientes poderia fornecer informações sobre fatores que dificultam a redução da percepção do zumbido com o uso de aparelhos auditivos. Objetivo: Avaliar as características audiológicas de pacientes com zumbido e perda de audição e verificar se há diferenças entre o grupo que obteve redução na percepção do zumbido com o uso de aparelhos auditivos e o grupo que não obteve o mesmo benefício. Método: Foram avaliados 29 sujeitos, divididos em dois Grupos, sendo Grupo I (GI) composto por 20 sujeitos que observaram melhora na percepção do zumbido após dois meses de uso dos aparelhos auditivos, e o Grupo II (GII) composto por nove, que não observaram melhora na percepção do zumbido. A pontuação na Escala Visual Analógica (EVA) determinou a divisão dos grupos. Foram aplicados: questionários para avaliar o incômodo do zumbido (Tinnitus Handicap Inventory -THI) e a melhora da percepção auditiva (Hearing Handicap Inventory Elderly Screening Version- HHIE-S); avaliações audiológicas (audiometria de via área e óssea, índice de reconhecimento de fala, identificação do limiar diferencial de intensidade índice, emissões otoacústicas), testes de processamento auditivo temporal (Gaps-in-Noise-GIN, Teste de Detecção de Intervalo Aleatório-RGDT, testes Padrão de Frequência e Duração -TPF e TPD respectivamente) e medidas psicoacústicas do zumbido (pitch, loudness e Limiar Mínimo de Mascaramento - MML) antes da adaptação dos aparelhos auditivos e após dois meses de uso dos aparelhos auditivos. Os sujeitos tinham entre 28 e 68 anos (média 55 anos) de ambos os sexos, e usaram aparelhos auditivos da mesma marca, com as regulagens adequadas para cada sujeito. Resultados: Não houve diferença significativa entre os grupos nos testes audiológicos aplicados. Nos testes auditivos temporais, a porcentagem de acerto do Grupo I foi superior ao Grupo II, com tendência à significância estatística no TPF. Foi observada diferença estatística nos questionários THI, HHIE-S no GI e GII após o uso dos aparelhos, diminuindo a pontuação. Com relação às medidas psicoacústicas, houve diferença estatística significante entre o Loudness e MML iniciais e finais do GI e diferença entre os grupos no loudness e no MML final. Conclusão: As caraterísticas audiológicas avaliadas não foram suficientes para indicar se o paciente com perda de audição se beneficiaria com a diminuição na percepção do zumbido com dois meses de uso de aparelhos auditivos. Indivíduos com desempenho pobre no TPF tem tendência a não reduzir a percepção do zumbido com o uso de aparelhos auditivos. O presente estudo aponta para a necessidade de investigar outras características que podem estar associadas à dificuldade na redução na percepção do zumbido com o uso de aparelhos auditivos
Introduction: Tinnitus is a symptom of damage of the auditory pathways with varied etiology. Many patients with hearing loss have tinnitus and one of its treatments is the use of hearing aids. Hearing aids amplify external sounds and patients are able to better understand the sounds of the environment, reducing the perception of the tinnitus and improving sound input through enriched acoustics. However, according to literature, some patients do not observe discomfort and tinnitus perception decrease using hearing aids. The study of peripheral hearing in these patients could provide information on factors that make it difficult to reduce tinnitus perception with the use of hearing aids. Objective: To evaluate audiological characteristics of patients with tinnitus and hearing loss, and verify if there are differences between the group that obtained reduction in tinnitus perception with the use of hearing aids and the group that did not obtain the same benefit. Methods: 29 subjects, divided into two groups: Group I (GI) composed of 20 subjects who observed improvement in tinnitus perception after two months of hearing aids use and Group II (GII) with nine subjects who did not observe improvement in tinnitus perception, were evaluated. The Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) score determined the division of the groups. The questionnaires Hearing Handicap Inventory Elderly Screening (HHIE-S) and Tinnitus Handicap Inventory (THI), audiological evaluation (pure tone and bone conduction audiometry, speech recognition index, short increment sensitivity index, otoacoustic emissions), temporal auditory processing tests (Gaps-in-Noise-GIN, Random Interval Detection Test-RGDT, frequency and duration tests (PPS and DPT) and psychoacoustic measures of tinnitus (pitch, loudness and MML) before the fitting of hearing aids and after two months of use were conducted. Subjects were aged between 28 and 68 (mean age 55 years), both sexes, and used same brand hearing aids, with the appropriate fitting for each subject. Results: There was no significant difference between the groups in the audiological tests. Temporal auditory tests accuracy percentage of Group I was higher than Group II, with a tendency to statistical significance in the PPS. Statistical difference was observed in the THI, HHIE-S for GI and GII after the hearing aids use, reducing the score. Regarding psychoacoustic measures, there was significant statistical difference between initial and final loudness and MML in GI, and intergroup difference (GI and GII) in the final MML and loudness. Conclusion: The evaluated audiologic characteristics were not sufficient to indicate if the patient with hearing loss would benefit from a decrease in tinnitus perception after two months of hearing aids use. Individuals with poor PPS performance tend not to reduce tinnitus perception with hearing aids use. The present study indicates the need to investigate other characteristics that may be associated with the difficulty in reducing tinnitus perception with hearing aids use

Gli stili APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO e altri

20

Moradi, Shahram. "Time is of the essence in speech perception! : Get it fast, or think about it". Doctoral thesis, Linköpings universitet, Handikappvetenskap, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-111723.

Testo completo

Abstract (sommario):

The present thesis examined the extent to which background noise influences the isolation point (IP, the shortest time from the onset of speech stimulus required for correct identification of that speech stimulus) and accuracy in identification of different types of speech stimuli (consonants, words, and final words in high-predictable [HP] and low-predictable [LP] sentences). These speech stimuli were presented in different modalities of presentation (auditory, visual, and audiovisual) to young normal-hearing listeners (Papers 1, 2, and 5). In addition, the present thesis studied under what conditions cognitive resources were explicitly demanded in identification of different types of speech stimuli (Papers 1 and 2). Further, elderly hearing-aid (EHA) users and elderly normal-hearing (ENH) listeners were compared with regard to the IPs, accuracy, and under what conditions explicit cognitive resources were demanded in identification of auditory speech stimuli in silence (Paper 3). The results showed that background noise resulted in later IPs and reduced the accuracy for the identification of different types of speech stimuli in both modalities of speech presentation. Explicit cognitive resources were demanded in identification of speech stimuli in the auditory-only modality, under the noisy condition, and in the absence of a prior semantic context. In addition, audiovisual presentation of speech stimuli resulted in earlier IPs and more accurate identification of speech stimuli than auditory presentation. Furthermore, a pre-exposure to audiovisual speech stimuli resulted in better auditory speech-in-noise identification than an exposure to auditory-only speech stimuli (Papers 2 and 4). When comparing EHA users and ENH individuals, the EHA users showed inferior performance in the identification of consonants, words, and final words in LP sentences (in terms of IP). In terms of accuracy, the EHA users demonstrated inferior performance only in the identification of consonants and words. Only the identification of consonants and words demanded explicit cognitive resources in the EHA users. Theoretical predictions and clinical implications were discussed.
I denna avhandling undersöktes hur mycket bakgrundsbuller inverkar på isolationspunkten (IP, den tidigaste tidpunkt när ett talat stimulus kan identifieras korrekt) och exakthet i identifikation av olika typer av talade stimuli (konsonanter, ord, och ord i final position i högt predicerbara [HP] respektive lågt predicerbara [LP] meningar). Dessa talade stimuli presenterades i olika modaliteteter (auditivt, visuellt, och audiovisuellt) för unga normalhörande deltagare (Artikel 1, 2 och 5). Dessutom jämfördes under vilka betingelser explicita kognitiva resurser krävdes för identifikation av olika typer av talade stimuli (Artikel 1 och 2). Vidare jämfördes äldre hörapparatsanvändare (EHA) och äldre normalhörande (ENH) personer med avseende på IP, exakthet i identifikation, och under vilka betingelser explicita kognitiva resurser krävdes för auditiv identifikation i tystnad (d.v.s. utan bakgrundsbuller) (Artikel 3). Resultaten visade att bakgrundsbuller gav senare IP och sänkte exaktheten för identifikation av olika typer av talade stimuli och i båda modaliteterna för presentation. Explicita kognitiva resurser krävdes vid identifikation av talade stimuli vid rent auditiv presentation med bakgrundsbuller, och när ingen semantisk förhandsinformation presenterades. Dessutom resulterade audiovisuell presentation i tidigare IP och mer exakt identifikation av talade stimuli, jämfört med rent auditiv presentation. Ett ytterligare resultat var att förexponering av audiovisuella talade stimuli resulterade i bättre identifikation av tal i bakgrundsbrus, jämfört med förexponering av enbart auditiva talade stimuli (Artikel 2 och 4). Vid jämförelse av EHA-användare och ENH-personer, hade EHA-användare senare IP i identifikation av konsonanter, ord, och ord i final position i LP-meningar. Dessutom hade EHA-användare mindre exakt identifikation av konsonanter och ord. Endast identifikation av konsonanter och ord krävde explicita kognitiva resurser hos EHA-användare. Teoretiska prediktioner och kliniska implikationer diskuterades.

Gli stili APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO e altri

21

Rodrigues, Amanda Giorgetto. "Caracterização do potencial evocado auditivo cortical P1-N1-P2 em crianças com estimulação bimodal". Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/25/25143/tde-28062016-084634/.

Testo completo

Abstract (sommario):

Introdução: O implante coclear (IC) amplamente aceito como forma de intervenção e (re) habilitação nas perdas auditivas severas e profundas nas diversas faixas etárias. Contudo observa-se no usuário do IC unilateral queixas como localização e compreensão sonora em meio ao ruído, gerado pelo padrão anormal de estimulação sensorial. A fim de fornecer os benefícios da audição binaural, é preconizado a estimulação bilateral, seja por meio do IC bilateral ou com a adaptação de um aparelho de amplificação sonora individual (AASI) contralateralmente ao IC. Esta última condição é referida como estimulação bimodal, quando temos, concomitantemente dois modos de estimulação: Elétrica (IC) e acústica (AASI). Não há dados suficientes na literatura voltados à população infantil que esclareça ou demonstre o desenvolvimento do córtex auditivo na audição bimodal. Ressalta-se que não foram encontrados estudos em crianças. Objetivo: Caracterizar o PEAC complexo P1, N1 P2 em usuários da estimulação bimodal e verificar se há correlação com testes de percepção de fala. Metodologia: Estudo descritivo de séries de casos, com a realização do PEAC em cinco crianças usuárias da estimulação bimodal, a partir da metodologia proposta por Ventura (2008) utilizando o sistema Smart EP USB Jr da Intelligent Hearing Systems. Foi utilizado o som de fala /da/, apresentado em campo livre. O exame será realizado em três situações: Somente IC, IC e AASI e somente AASI. A análise dos dados dos potenciais corticais foi realizada após a marcação da presença ou ausência dos componentes do complexo P1-N1-P2 por dois juízes com experiência em potenciais evocados. Resultados: Foi obtida a captação do PEAC em todas as crianças em todas as situações de teste, além do que foi possível observar a correlação destes com os testes de percepção auditiva da fala. Foi possível verificar que o registro dos PEAC é um procedimento viável para a avaliação da criança com estimulação bimodal, porém, ainda não há dados suficientes quanto a utilização deste para a avaliação e indicação do IC bilateral.
Introduction: The cochlear implant (CI) is already accepted in the area, as an intervention (re)habilitation in severe and profound hearing loss in different age groups. However, it is observed in the unilateral CI users have complaints such as sound localization and understanding speech in noise. Recent studies with Cortical Auditory Evoked Potential (CAEP) demonstrated the fact that the CI cannot favors the ipsilateral development of the auditory pathway as expected. Therefore, unilateral CI users have an abnormal pattern of sensory stimulation. In this sense, the patient is advised and encouraged as to the fitting of hearing aids (HA) in no-implanted ear, especially in the presence of residual acoustic hearing in order to provide the benefits of binaural hearing. This condition is referred to bimodal hearing, when combining electric stimulation from the CI with acoustic stimulation from the contralateral ear provides to HA. Not enough data in the literature has focused on the child population to clarify or demonstrate the development of the auditory cortex in the bimodal hearing. Objective: To characterize the CAEP complex P1-N1-P2 users of bimodal stimulation and check for correlation with performance on tests of speech perception. Methods: A cross-sectional observational study, with the completion of the CAEP in six children using the Bimodal stimulation, the CAEP recording will be based in the methodology proposed by VENTURA (2008) using the system Smart EP USB Jr Intelligent Hearing Systems. The speech sound / of /, presented in free field, will be used. The potential will be recorded in three situations: monaural hearing (only CI); Bimodal hearing (IC and HA) and monoaural hearing (only HA). The examination will be held in three situations: monaural hearing (only IC); Bimodal hearing (IC and hearing aids) and hearing monaural (only the hearing aid). Data analysis of the cortical potential was performed after the marking of the presence or absence of the components of the N1-P1-P2 complex by two judges experienced in evoked potentials. It was verified that the record of the ECCP is a viable procedure for the assessment of children with bimodal stimulation and can assist in bilateral IC nomination process or the maintenance of bimodal stimulation.

Gli stili APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO e altri

22

Bond, Phillip K. "Comparison of speech intelligibility over the telephone using a hearing aid microphone and telecoil /". Full-text of dissertation on the Internet (383.60 KB), 2010. http://www.lib.jmu.edu/general/etd/2010/doctorate/bondpk/bondpk_doctorate_04-20-2010.pdf.

Testo completo

Gli stili APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO e altri

23

Santos, Marina De Marchi dos. "Perda auditiva unilateral: benefício da amplificação na ordenação e resolução temporal e localização sonora". Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/25/25143/tde-28062016-074933/.

Testo completo

Abstract (sommario):

A perda auditiva unilateral (PAUn) é caracterizada pela diminuição da audição em apenas uma orelha. Indivíduos com este tipo de perda auditiva podem apresentar comprometimento nas habilidades auditivas de localização sonora, processamento temporal, ordenação e resolução temporal. O objetivo deste estudo foi verificar as habilidades auditivas de ordenação temporal, resolução temporal e localização sonora, antes e após a adaptação do aparelho de amplificação sonora individual (AASI). Foram avaliados 22 indivíduos, com idades entre 18 e 60 anos, com diagnóstico de PAUn sensorioneural ou mista, de graus leve a severo. O estudo foi dividido em duas etapas: a pré e a pós-adaptação de AASI. Em ambas as etapas, os indivíduos foram submetidos a uma anamnese, aplicação do Questionário de Habilidade Auditiva da Localização da fonte sonora, avaliação simplificada do processamento auditivo (ASPA) e Random Gap Detection Test (RGDT). O presente estudo encontrou diferença estatisticamente significante na avaliação da ASPA, exceto no teste de memória para sons não verbais em sequência (TMSnV), no RGDT e no Questionário de Habilidade Auditiva da Localização Sonora. A conclusão do estudo foi que com o uso efetivo do AASI, indivíduos com PAUn apresentaram melhora nas habilidades auditivas de localização sonora, ordenação e resolução temporal.
The Unilateral hearing loss (UHL) is characterized by decreased hearing in one ear. In individuals with this type of hearing loss the hearing abilities of sound localization, and temporal processing, ordering and temporal resolution, are affected. The objective of this study was to assess the hearing abilities of temporal ordering, temporal resolution and sound localization before and after the fitting of a hearing aid (HA). They evaluated 22 subjects, aged 18 to 60 years, diagnosed with sensorineural or mixed UHL, from mild to severe degrees. The study was divided into two stages: the pre and post-adaptation of HA. In both phases, subjects were submitted to an interview, application of Questionnarie for Desabilities Associated with Impaired Auditory Localization, auditory processing screening protocol (APSP) and Random Gap Detection Test (RGDT). This study found no statistically significant difference in the evaluation of APSP except in the memory test for non-verbal sounds in sequence, in RGDT and Questionnarie for Desabilities Associated with Impaired Auditory Localization. The conclusion was that with the effective use of hearing aids, individuals with UHL showed improvement in the auditory abilities of sound localization, ordering and temporal resolution.

Gli stili APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO e altri

24

Stadler, Svante. "Probabilistic Modelling of Hearing : Speech Recognition and Optimal Audiometry". Licentiate thesis, Stockholm : Skolan för elektro- och systemteknik, Kungliga Tekniska högskolan, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-10386.

Testo completo

Gli stili APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO e altri

25

Leusie, Séverine. "Privation sensorielle auditive et réhabilitation chez le sujet âgé : conséquences sur le fonctionnement cognitif". Thesis, Lyon 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LYO10043/document.

Testo completo

Abstract (sommario):

La presbyacousie est une maladie qui concernerait plus de 12 millions de Français mais qui reste peu connue. Si elle n'est pas traitée tôt, elle peut entraîner de graves complications comme des troubles de la communication, de la dépression et des troubles cognitifs. Le constat actuel est que très peu de presbyacousiques sont traités, et lorsqu'ils le sont, le résultat semble insuffisant. L'objet de cette thèse est de proposer à partir des connaissances actuelles, des solutions adaptées aux besoins de ces patients, du dépistage à la réadaptation. Trois études ont été menées : l'étude « AcoumAudio », déclinée en trois volets a montré que l'acoumétrie vocale était un bon test de dépistage de la surdité chez les personnes âgées, d'évaluation du degré de perte auditive et de mesure du gain auditif fonctionnel après réhabilitation ; l'étude 1 intitulée « Privation sensorielle auditive et fonctionnement cognitif chez le sujet âgé (ACADem) » a montré que le port d'un appareillage auditif pouvait préserver d'une dégradation cognitive ; et l'étude 2 intitulée « Faisabilité d'une Réhabilitation Conjointe Audioprothétique et Orthophonique pour les Presbyacousiques (FRéCAOP) » a montré qu'il était possible de proposer une prise en charge plus complète et efficiente de la presbyacousie, dans un circuit de l'audition du GRAPsanté, incluant nécessairement un Aidant
Presbycusis is a disease that occurs in more than 12 million French people, but which is still not well known. If it is not treated early, it can lead to serious complications such as communication disorders, depression and cognitive impairment. The current situation is that very few presbycusic patients are treated, and when they are, the result seems insufficient. The purpose of this thesis is to propose using current data, solutions tailored to the needs of these patients, from screening to rehabilitation. Three studies were conducted: the "AcoumAudio" Study, available in three components showed that the vocal acoumetry was a good hearing test to screen elderly people, to evaluate the degree of hearing disorders and to measure functional auditory gain after rehabilitation; Study 1 entitled "Auditory deprivation and cognitive functioning in the elderly" showed that wearing hearing aids could preserve from cognitive deterioration; and Study 2 entitled "Feasibility of a Conjoint Rehabilitation involving audiology and speech therapy for presbycusis (FRéCAOP)" showed that it was possible to offer a more complete and efficient management of presbycusis, in the hearing circuit of GRAPsanté, necessarily including a caregiver

Gli stili APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO e altri

26

劉淑 e Suk-han Lau. "The effect of type and level of noise on long-term average speech spectrum (LTASS)". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1998. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31251031.

Testo completo

Gli stili APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO e altri

27

Bosso, Janaina Regina. "Ajustes das características eletroacústicas do aparelho de amplificação sonora individual com base em limiares auditivos tonais e resposta auditiva de estado estável". Universidade de São Paulo, 2009. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/47/47135/tde-15122009-123157/.

Testo completo

Abstract (sommario):

A impossibilidade de obtenção de dados audiológicos comportamentais em crianças deficientes auditivas faz com que seja necessária a utilização de testes objetivos como a resposta auditiva de estado estável (RAEE) para estimar os limiares auditivos. O objetivo deste estudo foi verificar as diferenças encontradas na seleção de características eletroacústicas do aparelho de amplificação sonora individual (AASI) com base nos limiares auditivos estimados por meio da resposta auditiva de estado estável (RAEE) em comparação com o mesmo processo realizado com base em limiares auditivos tonais. Foram estudados 28 indivíduos com deficiência auditiva neurossensorial: grupo A, composto por 10 adultos (média da idade 46,3 anos) e grupo B, composto por 18 crianças (média da idade 10,38 anos). O método prescritivo utilizado foi o Desired Sensation Level (DSL) i/o versão 4.1. A medida individualizada da RECD foi utilizada como transformador acústico. Três diferentes programações foram geradas considerando os limiares auditivos tonais nas freqüências de 0,25 a 6kHz (programação tonal completa - ProTC), os limiares auditivos tonais apenas nas freqüências de 0,5, 1, 2 e 4 kHz (programação tonal - ProT) e os limiares auditivos estimados na RAEE nas freqüências de 0,5, 1, 2 e 4 kHz (programação eletrofisiológica - ProE). A verificação da amplificação foi realizada em acoplador de 2cc. Foi realizada avaliação da percepção da fala na presença de ruído (grupo A e B) e julgamento da qualidade sonora (grupo A). Os resultados mostraram que os valores da resposta em orelha real amplificada prescrita (REAR P) foram maiores para programação baseada em limiares auditivos estimados pela RAEE. As diferenças encontradas foram significativas, para todas as intensidades testadas, nas freqüências de 0,5, 1 e 2 kHz no grupo A e em todas as freqüências no grupo B. A diferença entre a REAR P e a REAR medida em acoplador de 2cc (REAR M) foi inferior a 1,4 dB em todas as freqüências e intensidades estudadas, para os grupos A e B. Não foram encontradas diferenças entre a REAR M obtidas na ProTC e na ProT. Os valores de REAR M obtidos na ProE foram maiores do que os obtidos nas programações ProTC e ProT. Não foram encontradas diferençam significativas na avaliação da percepção da fala em adultos. Por outro lado, em crianças, foi encontrada diferença significativa na obtenção da relação sinal/ruído na ProE quando comparada com às programações ProTC e ProT. No julgamento da qualidade sonora, os resultados mostraram pior julgamento das dimensões avaliadas, na ProE. Entretanto apenas para a dimensão conforto auditivo foi encontrada diferença significativa. O resultado do presente estudo mostra que os limiares auditivos estimados pela RAEE podem ser utilizados na determinação das características eletroacústicas do AASI em adultos e crianças.
The impossibility for obtaining behavioral auditory data in children with hearing loss brings the necessity of applying objective tests as auditory steady state responses (ASSR) in order to evaluate the auditory thresholds. The objective of this study was to verify the differences found on the selection of the eletroacoustic characteristics of the hearing aid (AASI) based on the auditory thresholds, obtained by the auditory steady state responses (ASSR) in comparison with the same procedure realized, based on audiometric thresholds: A total of 28 people with sensorineural hearing loss were studied: group A comprised 10 adults (average age 46,3 years) and group B comprised 18 children (average age 10,38 years). The prescriptive method applied was Desired Sensation Level (DSL) i/o version 4.1. The individualized measurement of RECD was applied as acoustic transformer. Three different programs were generated considering the audiometric thresholds on the frequencies from 0,25 to 6kHz (complete tonal program- ProTC), the audiometric thresholds just on the frequencies 0,5, 1, 2 and 4 kHz (tonal program- ProT) and the auditory thresholds obtained by the ASSR on the frequencies 0,5, 1, 2 and 4 kHz (electrophysiological program ProE). The verification of the amplification was realized by a coupler of 2cc. The evaluation of speech recognition in noise (group A and B) and the judgment of sound quality (group A) was performed. The results showed that the Real Ear Aided Response prescribed (REAR P) were higher for the program based on the auditory thresholds estimated by the ASSR. The differences were significant, for all the levels of intensity tested, for the frequencies 0,5, 1, 2 and 2 kHz in group A and in all the frequencies in group B. The difference between REAR P and the REAR measured in coupler of 2cc (REAR M) was lower than 1,4dB for all the frequencies and intensities studied, for groups A and B. Differences were not found between the REAR M obtained on the ProTC and ProT. The results for REAR M obtained on the ProE were higher than the ones obtained on the programs ProTC and ProT. Significant differences were not found in the evaluation for the speech perception in adults. For children, significant differences were found for S/N on the ProE when compared to the program ProTC and ProT. On the evaluation of the sound quality, the results showed worse judgment of the dimensions evaluated, on the ProE. However, a significant difference was found for auditory comfort dimension. The outcomes of the present study shows that the auditory threshold obtained by the ASSR can be employed for the determination of the electroacoustic characteristics of the hearing aids in adults and children.

Gli stili APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO e altri

28

Bakhos, David. "Etude électrophysiologique des réponses auditives corticales chez l'enfant avec une réhabilitation auditive". Thesis, Tours, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012TOUR3307.

Testo completo

Abstract (sommario):

Les enfants sourds congénitaux ne peuvent pas acquérir le langage oral. L'acquisition du langage après réhabilitation montre des différences individuelles qui peuvent être liées à la réorganisation corticale consécutive à la surdité. Le fonctionnement auditif cortical peut être exploré par les méthodes électrophysiologiques. Notre première étude a permis de montrer une relation entre les réponses auditives temporales (onde N1c) et les capacités langagières chez des enfants avec une réhabilitation audioprothétique. Dans une seconde étude, nous avons mis en évidence une réponse spécifique à la voix humaine chez les enfants implantés cochléaires ayant un bon niveau de langage. La distribution de cette réponse est cependant différente de celle obtenue chez les enfants normo-entendants. La réduction de l'artefact dû à l'implant cochléaire a été une étape préliminaire indispensable à l'analyse des potentiels évoqués auditifs corticaux. L’identification de tels marqueurs permettra de définir des facteurs pronostics et de mieux repérer les enfants nécessitant une adaptation précoce de la rééducation
Congenitally deaf children cannot acquire spoken language. Language development following auditory rehabilitation varies widely from child to child; this variability could be explained by cortical reorganisation following congenital deafness. Electrophysiological techniques make it possible to investigate cortical auditory processing. Our first study identified a relationship between auditory temporal responses (N1c wave) and language performance in children fitted with hearing aids for moderate congenital deafness. Our second study investigated cortical voice processing in children with a cochlear implant (CI) and with good language performance. Minimisation of the CI artifact was a preliminary step to analyse cortical auditory evoked potentials. A specific response to voice was found in children with CI, broader and more frontally distributed than this recorded in normal hearing children. The identification of such markers shoult it make possible to identify prognostic factors and to better indentify children in need of early care management

Gli stili APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO e altri

29

Van, der Westhuizen Yolande. "Audiological and otological symtoms in adults with HIV". Diss., University of Pretoria, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/30369.

Testo completo

Abstract (sommario):

Objectives: The aim of the study was to describe the prevalence and nature of auditory and otological manifestations in adults with HIV/AIDS according to clinical examinations and self-reported symptoms. Auditory profiles of HIV individuals were compared to that of a matched control group. Study design: A descriptive, cross-sectional group design was utilized in the first section of the study while a comparative, control matched research design was used to compare the HIV group and matched control group. Methods: Two hundred HIV positive adult patients attending the Infectious Disease Clinic of the 1 Military Hospital were included through convenience sampling. Participants were interviewed, medical files were reviewed and clinical examinations, including otoscopy, tympanometry, pure tone audiometry and distortion product oto-acoustic emissions, were completed. A control group of 184 individuals were compiled, matched to 184 of the HIV infected participants according to age, gender, ethnicity as well as working environment. Audiological thresholds at 0.5kHz – 4kHz were compared among these groups. Results: A prevalence of self-reported tinnitus (26%), vertigo (25%) hearing loss (27.5%), otalgia (19%) and pruritis (38%) was recorded. The onset of hearing loss was reported to be mostly (82%) of a slow progressive nature. Abnormalities in tympanometry, otoscopy and oto acoustic emissions were found in respectively 41%, 55% and 44% of participants. Hearing loss greater than 25 dB (PTA) was recorded in 14% of participants compared to 39% for hearing loss greater than 15 dB (PTA). Although not statistically significant (p<.05), self reported vertigo, self reported hearing loss, OAE abnormalities, hearing loss (PTA>15dB and PTA>25dB) and occurrence of mild hearing loss occurred throughout the CDC categories which were used as a measure of disease progression. A statistically significant increase (p<.05) in sensorineural hearing loss was seen with disease progression. In the comparative section, statistically significant (p<.05) worse thresholds were found in the HIV group as opposed to the control group at all frequencies (0.5 kHz – 4 kHz). Conclusions: Auditory and otological symptoms occurred frequently in this sample, while an increase in some symptoms as well as hearing loss was seen throughout disease progression. Sensorineural hearing loss increased significantly through disease progression. Hearing loss occurred more frequently in HIV individuals as opposed to individuals in the control group, while hearing loss occur more frequently in the more advanced stages of HIV infection.
Dissertation (MCommunication Pathology)--University of Pretoria, 2011.
Speech-Language Pathology and Audiology
Unrestricted

Gli stili APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO e altri

30

Souza, Gabriela Valiengo de. "Potenciais evocados auditivos de longa latência em adultos pré e pós adaptação do AASI". Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5170/tde-27102017-085811/.

Testo completo

Abstract (sommario):

Introdução: Plasticidade auditiva refere-se a mudanças que ocorrem no sistema sensorial responsável pela transmissão da informação acústica. A plasticidade do sistema nervoso auditivo central está relacionada a capacidade de adaptação através da reintrodução de estímulos por meio de aparelhos de amplificação sonora ou implante coclear. Essas mudanças são observadas a partir do desempenho de pacientes com o uso do aparelho de amplificação sonora, e podem ser verificadas por meio dos potenciais evocados auditivos de longa latência. Objetivo: caracterizar os Potenciais Evocados Auditivos de Longa Latência (PEALL) em adultos e idosos com perda auditiva neurossensorial, verificando os efeitos da estimulação auditiva por meio da comparação destes potenciais pré e pós adaptação do Aparelho de Amplificação Sonora Individual (AASI). Metodologia: Participaram deste estudo 15 indivíduos adultos e idosos, de ambos os gêneros, de 55 a 85 anos de idade, com perda auditiva neurossensorial de grau leve a moderado com simetria entre as orelhas, sem experiência prévia com qualquer tipo de dispositivo de amplificação sonora. Os indivíduos foram encaminhados pelas empresas de aparelho auditivo WIDEX, Audibel e o Espaço Reouvir, tratando-se de novos usuários de AASI. Os PEALL foram realizados nas condições com e sem AASI, a 60 e 75 dBnNA em campo sonoro, em dois momentos: primeira avaliação realizada até uma semana após a adaptação do AASI e a segunda avaliação realizada após 6 meses da adaptação do AASI. Resultados: Na comparação da primeira avaliação com a segunda avaliação, na condição sem AASI a 60 dBnNA, observou-se diferença estatisticamente significante na latência do componente P1 (p-valor= 0,034). Na condição sem AASI a 75 dBnNA, observou-se diferença estatisticamente significante para a latência do componente P300 (p-valor 0,031) e para a amplitude P2N2 (p-valor 0,024), com diminuição da latência e aumento da amplitude na segunda avaliação. Por sua vez, na comparação da primeira avaliação com a segunda avaliação, na condição com AASI a 75 dBnNA, obteve-se uma diferença estatisticamente significante na latência do componente N2 (p-valor 0,009) e na amplitude P2N2 (p-valor 0,024), com aumento da amplitude na segunda avaliação. Evidenciou-se, também, diferença significante na amplitude P1N1 (p-valor 0,024) na condição com AASI a 60 dBnNA. Conclusão: Os PEALL com estímulo de fala demonstraram ser um importante procedimento para ser utilizado na prática clínica, visando monitorar a plasticidade neuronal do Sistema Nervoso Auditivo Central frente à estimulação auditiva (uso de AASI), em adultos e idosos com perda auditiva neurossensorial de grau leve a moderado
Introduction: Auditory plasticity refers to changes that occur in the sensory system responsible for the transmission of acoustic information. The plasticity of the central auditory nervous system is related to the capacity of adaptation through the reintroduction of stimuli of sound amplification devices or cochlear implants. These changes are observed from the performance of patients with the use of the sound amplification apparatus, and can be verified by long-latency auditory evoked potentials. Purpose: To characterize long latency auditory evoked potentials (LLAEP) in adults with sensorineural hearing loss, verifying the effects of auditory stimulation by comparing these before and after adaptation potentials of the Individual Sound Amplification (AASI). Methodology: Fifteen adult and elderly individuals of both genders, aged 55 to 85 years, with mild to moderate sensorineural hearing loss with symmetry between the ears, without prior experience with any type of sound amplification device. The subjects were referred by hearing aid companies WIDEX, Audibel and Espaço Reouvir, in the case of new hearing aids users. The LLAEP were performed in the conditions with and without AASI, at 60 and 75 dBnNA in sound field, in two moments: first evaluation performed up to one week after AASI adaptation and the second evaluation performed after 6 months of AASI adaptation. Results: In the comparison of the first evaluation with the second evaluation, in the condition without AASI at 60 dBnNA, a statistically significant difference was observed in the latency of the P1 component (p-value = 0.034). In the condition without AASI at 75 dBnNA, a statistically significant difference was observed for the latency of the P300 component (p-value 0.031) and for the P2N2 amplitude (p-value 0.024), with latency decrease and amplitude increase in the second evaluation. In the comparison of the first evaluation with the second evaluation, in the condition with AASI at 75 dBnNA, there was a statistically significant difference in the latency of the N2 component (p-value 0.009) and in the P2N2 amplitude (p-value 0.024) , With amplitude increase in the second evaluation. There was also a significant difference in P1N1 amplitude (p-value 0.024) in the condition with AASI at 60 dBnNA. Conclusion: The LLAEP was an important procedure to be used in clinical practice, aiming to monitor the neural plasticity of the Central Auditory Nervous System in front of auditory stimulation (hearing aids use) in adults and elderly patients with mild to moderate sensorineural hearing loss of amplification and the importance of neural plasticity of the Central Auditory Nervous System

Gli stili APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO e altri

31

Fonseca, Angélica Biazus Mendonça da. "Avaliação das habilidades auditivas e da percepção de fala em idosos usuários de Aparelho de Amplificação Sonora Individual: esudo piloto". Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2014. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/11985.

Testo completo

Abstract (sommario):

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-27T18:12:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Angelica Biazus Mendonca da Fonseca.pdf: 1023006 bytes, checksum: 7b98b5a4e17c9dfd3812a282a98cb50f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-07-30
processing, associated with the decline of working memory and attention. The comprehension of speech is a highly specialized activity and involves the perception and cognition. The objective of this study was to investigate whether the assessment of auditory skills and speech perception in the elderly, new users of Individual sound amplification device, assists in the process of selection and adaptation of AASI. Methods: we selected 15 individuals with sensorineural hearing loss from mild to moderate degree, new users of bilateral hearing aids, aged between 60 and 75 years. The subjects were assessed by means of Duration Pattern Sequence Test (DPST), Dichotic Digits Test (DDT), Differential Limen of Intensity (DLI), Index of Sentence Recognition (ISR) in quiet and in noise, Sentence Recognition Threshold (SRT) in quiet and in noise and by self-evaluation questionnaire auditory handicap for senior citizens (HHIE-S) in two instances: without hearing aid (first evaluation), and after 3 months (2nd evaluation). Results: tests, DLI only in LE, SRT in noise , SRT in quiet and ISR in quiet showed that there were no statistically significant difference between the two evaluations. In the remaining tests there is difference statistically significant between the assessments. Conclusion: The proposed tests may be part of the process of adaptation of the HEARING AID, because they contribute to the extent of satisfaction and performance, allowing the audiologist forward to hearing/cognitive rehabilitation when necessary
Com a diminuição da audição periférica, ocorre uma piora no processamento da informação, associada ao declínio da memória de trabalho e atenção. A compreensão da fala é uma atividade altamente especializada e envolve basicamente a percepção e a cognição. O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar se a avaliação das habilidades auditivas e de percepção de fala em idosos, novos usuários de Aparelho de Amplificação Sonora Individual (AASI), auxilia no processo de seleção e de adaptação do AASI. Métodos: Foram selecionados 15 indivíduos portadores de perda auditiva neurossensorial de grau leve a moderado, novos usuários de próteses auditivas bilaterais, com idades entre 60 e 75 anos. Os sujeitos foram avaliados por meio dos testes de Duration Pattern Sequence (DPS), Teste Dicótico de Dígitos (TDD), Limiar Diferencial de Intensidade (LDI), Pesquisa do Índice de reconhecimento de sentenças (IRS) no silêncio e no ruído, Pesquisa do Limiar de reconhecimento para sentenças (LRS) no silencio e no ruído e pelo questionário de auto avaliação do handicap auditivo para idosos (HHIE-S) em dois momentos: sem próteses (1ª avaliação), e após 3 meses (2ª avaliação). Resultados: Somente nos testes de LDI na OE, LRS no silêncio e no ruído, e IRS no silêncio não mostraram diferenças estatisticamente significantes entre as duas avaliações. Nos demais testes houve diferença estatisticamente significante entre as avaliações. Conclusão: Os testes propostos poderão fazer parte do processo de adaptação do AASI, pois contribuem na medida de satisfação e desempenho, permitindo ao fonoaudiólogo encaminhar para a reabilitação auditiva/cognitiva, quando for necessário

Gli stili APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO e altri

32

Freitas, Thaysa Vidal Dias de. "Potencial Evocado Auditivo de Longa Latência em crianças com deficiência auditiva sensorioneural e usuárias de aparelho de amplificação sonora individual". Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2014. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/11978.

Testo completo

Abstract (sommario):

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-27T18:12:03Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Thaysa Vidal Dias de Freitas.pdf: 1336854 bytes, checksum: f546059d53bc91e70eccd19fa527e533 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-04-07
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
To describe the results of long latency auditory evoked potentials, P1-N1-P2 complex, in children with sensorineural hearing impairment and hearing aids users. Method: 10 children with congenital bilateral sensorineural hearing impairment, with symmetrical configuration and moderate to profound degree of hearing loss, were subjects of the present study, age ranging between 2 and 8 years old. The subjects were followed up in a hearing health center in Sao Paulo. Data were collected concerning to the degree of hearing loss, auditory age, age when hearing aids were adapted, approach for speech therapy, and systematic use of hearing aids. The Long Latency Auditory Evoked Potentials (LLAEP) were recorded using insert earphones at 85dBSPL, without hearing aids; the same test was performed in free field at 100dBSPL, with loudspeaker positioned at 90 degrees, aside of the better ear, with subjects using their hearing aids. The equipment used has two recording channels, one to record the LLAEP and the other to record the eyes movements to control the artifact generated. Two recordings were collected to verify the reproducibility of the waves. Results: The latency values of the components P1-N1-P2 in unaided and aided tests were statistically analyzed and described according to the variables. The volunteers with absence of LLEAP in the unaided test had severe and profound hearing loss. When the test was performed with hearing aids through sound field all subjects showed LLEAP. There was significance correlation between auditory age and P1-N1 latency. In the analysis between onset age of hearing aids use, weekly hours of therapy, approach in language therapy, and systematic use of hearing aids, there was no association with the P1-N1-P2 latency. Conclusion: Subjects with moderate degree of hearing loss showed presence of LLAEP in aided and unaided tests; volunteers with severe and profound degree of hearing loss showed absence of LLAEP in unaided tests. All volunteers showed presence of LLAEP in the aided test, independent of the degree of hearing loss. The latency value of P1 was increased, regardless of auditory age
Descrever os resultados dos potenciais evocados auditivos de longa latência, complexo P1-N1-P2, em crianças com deficiência auditiva sensorioneural e usuárias de aparelho de amplificação sonora individual. Método: Participaram da pesquisa 10 crianças com perda auditiva sensorioneural congênita, bilateral, de configuração simétrica, com graus de moderado a profundo, idades entre 2 e 8 anos, e estavam em acompanhamento audiológico num centro de referência em saúde auditiva de São Paulo. Foram coletados dados sobre o grau de perda auditiva, idade auditiva, idade de início do uso do AASI, terapia fonoaudiológica e o uso sistemático do AASI. Os Potenciais Evocados Auditivos de Longa Latência (PEALL) foram registrados utilizando fones de inserção na intensidade de 85dBNPS no teste sem AASI; foi realizado o registro do PEALL em campo livre, por meio de um alto-falante na intensidade de 100dBNPS, no teste com AASI. O equipamento utilizado dispõe de dois canais de registro, sendo que um foi remetido ao registro dos PEALL, e o outro, ao registro do movimento ocular para controle do artefato gerado. Resultados: Os valores de latência dos componentes P1-N1-P2 nos testes sem e com AASI foram analisados estatisticamente e descritos de acordo com as variáveis do estudo. Os voluntários com ausência dos PEALL no teste sem AASI tinham grau de perda auditiva severa e profunda. No teste com AASI, em toda a amostra foram identificados os PEALL. Houve uma correlação sugestiva de significância entre a idade auditiva e o tempo de latência de P1-N1. Na análise entre idade de início do uso do AASI, horas semanais de terapia, abordagem terapêutica e uso sistemático do AASI, não houve associação com a latência de P1-N1. Conclusão: Voluntários com o grau de perda auditiva moderado apresentaram presença dos PEALL nos testes sem e com AASI; os voluntários que tinham o grau de perda auditiva severa e profunda apresentaram ausência dos PEALL nos testes sem AASI. Todos os voluntários tiveram presença dos PEALL independente do grau de perda auditiva, no teste com AASI. O valor de latência de P1 foi aumentado, independente da idade auditiva

Gli stili APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO e altri

33

Hoshii, Lia Auer. "Estudo do potencial evocado auditivo de longa latência em um grupo de crianças deficientes auditivas usuárias de aparelhos de amplificação sonora individual: estudo de caso". Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2010. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/12285.

Testo completo

Abstract (sommario):

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-27T18:12:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Lia Auer Hoshii.pdf: 2283951 bytes, checksum: e8eeac108993842fa6ea5af1a50ea5fd (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-07-30
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
Introduction: Recent scientific studies use Long-Latency Auditory Evoked Potentials in order to measure the developmental status and plasticity limits of central auditory pathways. Goal: To study Long-Latency Auditory Evoked Potentials outcomes in hearing impaired children wearing hearing aids and personal sound amplification devices. Method: Case studies of five subjects, male and female, diagnosed with mild to profound neurosensory hearing loss, ages ranging from seven to 19 years old. The subjects were submitted to Long-Latency Auditory Evoked Potentials and Cognitive Potential (P300). The latency of components P1, N1, N2, P2 and P300 were analyzed. Prior evaluations consisting of inspecting the external acoustic meatus, tympanometry and pure tone audiometry were performed. Four of the subjects performed the Long-Latency Auditory Evoked Potentials only once. One subject performed the test twice, since he was discharged from speech therapy and stopped using the hearing aids for five months. Results: It was possible to measure the components P1, N1, P2, N2 and P300 for all subjects. Subject 1 presented delayed latency for components P1, N1 and P2 on the right ear, and no response for P1 and N1 on the left ear. Subject 2 presented no response for component P1 bilaterally. Subject 3 presented delayed latency for components P2 and N2 on the right ear and no response for P1 on the left ear. Subject 4 presented delayed latency for N2 and P300 on the right ear. Subject 5 presented delayed latency for components N1 and N2 bilaterally, for P2 on the left ear and no response for P1 on the right ear. The second test collected showed a delay in almost all components of the Long Latency Auditory Evoked Potentials, except for N1 and P2 on the right ear. Conclusions: It is possible to perform Long-Latency Auditory Evoked Potentials in hearing impaired children who wear hearing aids and personal sound amplification devices from the age of 8 years. Degree of hearing loss, lack of systematic use of personal sound amplification devices, and long term sound deprivation can affect the results of Long-latency Auditory Evoked Potentials., and consequently the neural plasticity process
Introdução: Estudos recentes na área da audição utilizam o registro dos Potenciais Evocados Auditivos como forma objetiva de mensurar o status do desenvolvimento e os limites da plasticidade das vias auditivas centrais, por meio dos Potenciais Auditivos de Longa Latência. Objetivo: Estudar os resultados dos Potencias Evocados Auditivos de Longa Latência em crianças deficientes auditivas usuárias de aparelho de amplificação sonora individual. Método: Consiste no estudo de caso de cinco sujeitos os quais apresentavam deficiência auditiva neurossensorial de grau leve a profundo, do sexo masculino e feminino, na faixa etária de sete a 19 anos. Os sujeitos deste estudo foram submetidos ao registro do Potencial Evocado Auditivo de Longa Latência e Potencial Cognitivo, denominado P300. Foram analisadas as latências dos componentes P1, N1, N2, P2 e P300. Previamente ao registro dos potencias evocados de longa latência foram realizadas a inspeção do meato acústico externo, timpanometria e audiometria tonal. Resultados: Foi possível registrar os componentes P1, N1, P2, N2 e P300 em todos os sujeitos. Dessa forma, o sujeito 1 apresentou latência aumentada para componentes P1, N1, P2 à direita e P1 e N1 ausentes à esquerda. O sujeito 2 apresentou apenas o componente P1 ausente bilateralmente. O caso 3 apresentou aumento das latências dos componentes P2 e N2 à direita e ausência do P1 à esquerda. No sujeito 4 foi registrado aumento das latências N2 e P300 à direita. E para o sujeito 5 aumento das latências dos componentes N1 e N2 bilateralmente, P2 à esquerda e ausência do P1 à direita. Em seu segundo exame, foi registrado um aumento em quase todos os componente do PEALL, com exceção N1 e P2 à direita. Os resultados deste estudo indicam que a perda auditiva teve relação com os resultados do componente P1 registrado nos sujeitos deste estudo. Parecendo assim, que quanto maior o grau da perda auditiva, maior é a latência deste componente. Já os outros componentes N1, P2, N2, parecem ter relação com a quantidade de estimulação que o sujeito recebe, ou seja, quanto à sistematicidade de estimulação auditiva. Quanto menos o sujeito usou AASI, mais alterado se deu o registro destes potenciais. Conclusões: Concluiu-se que é possível a realização do registro dos Potenciais Evocados Auditivos de Longa Latência em crianças deficientes auditivas usuárias de aparelho de amplificação sonora individual a partir dos oito anos de idade. Fatores como grau da perda auditiva, a não sistematicidade na utilização do aparelho de amplificação sonora individual e um longo tempo de privação auditiva parecem afetar os resultados dos Potencias Evocados Auditivos de Longa Latência, o que nos sugere um efeito na plasticidade das vias auditivas centrais

Gli stili APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO e altri

34

Azevedo, Milena Manoel de. "INTERFERÊNCIA BINAURAL E ADAPTAÇÃO DE PRÓTESES AUDITIVAS EM PERDAS AUDITIVAS SIMÉTRICAS". Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2013. http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/6568.

Testo completo

Abstract (sommario):

Purpose: To investigate the occurrence of binaural interference. To investigate the mono or binaural use of hearing aids and the complaints of speech comprehension in silence and noise.To evaluate the speech recognition with and without the use of mono and binaural hearing aids and the auditory processing skills.To correlate the obtained results in different tests. To evaluate the recognition of sentences in silence and noise by elderly individuals with symmetrical hearing loss, users of hearing aids with mono and binaural adaptation, and to investigate in which of both situations it may be verified the best performance in conditions that simulate daily communication situations. Material and Method: The evaluated subjects were 25 men and 13 women, with ages between 60 and 89 years old, with sensorineural hearing loss from mild to moderate severe level, symmetrical configuration, users of hearing aids with binaural indication. It was researched the Percentage Index of Speech Recognition (PISR) in both ears (BE) and it was performed the Dichotic Digits Test (DDT) of divided and directed attention, and the Portuguese Sentence List test (PSL). It was also studied the sentence recognition threshold in quiet (SRTQ) and in noise (SRTN) and the percentual indexes of sentence recognition in quiet environment and under noise (PISRQ and PISRN), with binaural adaptation (BA) and monaural in the right ear (RE) and in the left ear (LE). Results: Among the evaluated individuals, 31 (81.58%) referred that they use binaural hearing aids, 19 subjects (50%) reported they have never had difficulties to understand speech in silent places and 17 (44.75%) answered sometimes. 22 (57.89%) referred difficulties to recognize speech in noisy places, sometimes and 15 (39.47%) said it always happened. The obtained average values for the PISR were 72.95% in BE, 59.26% in the RE and 60.53% in the LE, respectively. The obtained averages in the DDT were 54.58% in BE, 65.16% in the RE and 71.95% in the LE. Regarding the PISRQ data, they were 79.63% in BE, 74.79% in the RE and 72.40% in the LE. The correlation of the PISR, DDT and PISRQ, the PISR and the PSL tend to present similar values. About analyzes into silence and into noise with binaural and monaural adaptation, the average values for PISRQ were 80.89% in BE, 76.33% in the RE and 71.16% in the LE, respectively. The obtained averages for PISRN were 62.05% in BE, 60.52% in the RE and 60.33% in the LE. Conclusion: It was found in an individual, the presence of binaural interference. Most elderly people used binaural hearing aids; only one individual did not present complaints of speech comprehension into noise. The PISR showed better performance in binaural condition; the DDT may not be the most proper option to be used in elderly patients with hearing loss; the PISR and the PSL tend to present similar values. The sentence recognition by the evaluated subjects presented better performance with the binaural adaptation, as into silence as into noise. However, that difference was not statistically significant.
Objetivo:Investigar a ocorrência da interferência binaural. Investigar o uso mono ou binaural das próteses auditivas e as queixas de compreensão de fala no silêncio e no ruído. Avaliar o reconhecimento de fala com e sem uso de próteses auditivas mono e binaural e habilidades do processamento auditivo. Correlacionar os resultados obtidos nos diferentes testes. Avaliar o reconhecimento de sentenças no silêncio e no ruído, de indivíduos idosos com perdas auditivas simétricas, usuários de próteses auditivas com adaptação mono e binaural, investigando em qual das duas situações pode ser verificado o melhor desempenho em condições que simulam situações de comunicação do diaadia. Material e método: Foram avaliados 38 sujeitos, sendo 25 homens e 13 mulheres, com idade entre 60 e 89 anos, perda auditiva neurossensorial de grau leve a moderadamente severo, de configuração simétrica, usuários de próteses auditivascom indicação binaural. Foi pesquisado o Índice Percentual de Reconhecimento de Fala (IPRF) em ambas as orelhas (AO) e realizados dois testes: oTeste Dicótico de Dígitos (TDD) atenção dividida e direcionada e o teste Listas de Sentenças em Português (LSP). Pesquisou-se aindaos Limiares de Reconhecimento de Sentenças no Silêncio e no Ruído (LRSS e LRSR) e Índice Percentual de Reconhecimento de Sentenças no Silêncio e no ruído (IPRSS e IPRSR), com adaptação binaural (AO) e monoaural orelha direita (OD) e orelha esquerda (OE). Resultados:Entre os indivíduos avaliados, 31(81,58%) relataram fazer uso binaural das próteses auditivas, 19 (50%) relataram nunca ter dificuldade de compreender a fala no silêncio e 17(44,75%) às vezes. 22 (57,89%) referiram dificuldade para reconhecer a fala no ruído, às vezes e 15 (39,47%) sempre. Os valores médios obtidos para os IPRF foram de 72,95% em AO, 59,26% na OD e 60,53% na OE, respectivamente. As médias obtidas do TDD foram 54,58% em AO, 65,16% na OD e 71,95% OE. Quanto aos dados do IPRSS, foram de 79,63% em AO, 74,79% na OD e 72,40% na OE. A correlação das variáveis IPRF, TDD e IPRSS, o IPRF e o LSP tendem a apresentar resultados semelhantes. Em relação às análises no silêncio e no ruído com adaptação binaural e monoaural, os valores médios obtidos para os IPRSS foram de 80,89% em AO, 76,33% na OD e 71,16% na OE, respectivamente. Já as médias obtidas do IPRSR foram 62,05 % em AO, 60,52% na OD e 60,33%OE. Conclusão:Foi encontrado em um indivíduo indícios da presença de interferência binaural. A grande maioria dos idosos fazia uso binaural das próteses auditivas.Somente um indivíduo não apresentou queixa de compreensão de fala no ruído. O IPRF demonstrou melhor desempenho na condição binaural. O TDD evidenciou pior desempenho na tarefa de integração binaural. Já no LSP não foi encontrada diferença estatisticamente significante entre o desempenho mono e binaural. O teste TDD pode não ser a opção mais adequada para ser utilizado em pacientes idosos com perda auditiva; já o IPRF e o LSP tendem a apresentar resultados semelhantes. O reconhecimento de sentenças dos sujeitos avaliados mostrou melhor desempenho com a adaptação binaural, tanto no silêncio como no ruído. Entretanto, essa diferença não foi estatisticamente significante.

Gli stili APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO e altri

35

Medina, Vanessa. "Correlatos acústicos e perceptivos da qualidade vocal de indivíduos portadores da Síndrome de Imunodeficiência Adquirida (SIDA)". Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2013. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/13615.

Testo completo

Abstract (sommario):

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T18:22:38Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Vanessa Medina.pdf: 2412967 bytes, checksum: fd442f9d22e56808ca1548cfb5d76964 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-02-22
some authors suggest that patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) show vocal production disturbances, but there are few reports concerned on voice quality description. Objective: to evaluate the voice quality of subjects with AIDS from a phonetic perspective. Methodology: this study took place at the Institute of Infectology Emílio Ribas and has been properly approved by its ethical committee. 29 subjects were divided into two groups (group 1: research, group 2: reference). Group 1 was composed by 20 subjects with AIDS, 10 male and 10 female, all of them with metabolic alterations (Dyslipidemia) and under antiretroviral therapy. Group 2 was composed of 9 subjects, 5 female and 4 male, all of them with metabolic alterations (Dyslipidemia), without AIDS. The audio samples were recorded and submitted to auditory (Vocal Profile Analysis Scheme for Brazilian Portuguese) and acoustic analysis (ExpressionEvaluator Script running in PRAAT v.10 software). The auditory and acoustic data underwent multivariate statistic analysis (software XLStat). Results: Group 1 (AIDS) revealed predominance of the vocal tract (retracted tongue body, lowered tongue body and pharyngeal constriction), muscular tension (vocal tract hyperfunction) and phonatory settings (creaky voice, harsh voice associated to whisper), differing by gender. From the acoustic point of view, the discriminator power of the acoustic measures was decreased when compared to perceptual descriptions. From the perceptual point of view the period of antiretroviral treatment revealed a relation with voice quality settings. Conclusion: the phonetic approach of voice quality in a group of subjects with AIDS revealed voice quality settings related to pharyngeal constriction and retracted tongue body. From an acoustic perspective, the acoustic measures revealed relevance for the description of the male population with AIDS. The integrated analysis of perceptual and acoustic data revealed correlation between vocal tract, tension and phonatory settings and LTAS long term spectrogram, spectral slope and fundamental frequency (f0) measures. The descriptions of voice quality settings, from the perceptual perspective, were relevant to characterize the voice quality of the studied group, as well as for revealing the association with the duration of antiretroviral therapy
apesar de alguns estudos sugerirem que pacientes com a Síndrome da Imunodeficiência Adquirida (SIDA) apresentam alterações nas estruturas envolvidas na produção vocal, não há relatos de descrições de qualidade vocal neste grupo. Objetivo: avaliar, do ponto de vista fonético, a qualidade vocal de indivíduos portadores da Síndrome da Imunodeficiência Adquirida (AIDS), por meio da descrição de correlatos acústicos e perceptivos. Metodologia: o estudo foi realizado no instituto de infectologia Emílio Ribas, com aprovação do comitê de ética. O grupo estudado constou de 29 indivíduos, sendo divididos em dois grupos (grupo pesquisa e grupo referência). O grupo de pesquisa foi constituído por 20 indivíduos portadores de SIDA, 10 homens e 10 mulheres com presença de alterações metabólicas (dislipidemia) e uso de medicamento antirretroviral. O grupo controle foi composto por nove indivíduos, cinco mulheres e quatro homens que apresentaram alteração metabólica: dislipidemia sem a presença de SIDA. As amostras de áudio foram coletadas e submetidas a análise perceptivo-auditiva (roteiro VPAS - PB) e acústica (script ExpressionEvaluator aplicável ao software Praat v.10). Os dados perceptivo-auditivos e acústicos foram analisados por meio de análise estatística de natureza multivariada (software XLStat). Resultados: o grupo estudado (SIDA) revelou o predomínio de ajustes do trato vocal (corpo de língua recuado, corpo de língua abaixado e constrição faríngea), ajustes de tensão muscular (hiperfunção de trato vocal) e ajustes fonatórios (voz crepitante, escape de ar associado a voz áspera), diferenciados por gêneros. Do ponto de vista acústico, o valor segregatório das medidas acústicas foi inferior às descrições perceptivas. O tempo de medicação revelou relação com as manifestações de qualidade vocal do ponto de vista perceptivo. Conclusão: do ponto de vista fonético, foram destacados na população com SIDA os ajustes de qualidade vocal de constrição faríngea e de corpo de língua recuado. Do ponto de vista acústico, as informações de medidas acústicas revelaram relevância para descrição da população SIDA do gênero masculino. A análise integrada de dados perceptivos e acústicos revelou a maior correlação de ajustes de trato vocal, de tensão e fonatórios a medidas acústicas de LTAS- espectro de longo termo, declínio espectral e frequência fundamental- f0. As descrições de ajustes de qualidade vocal por meio perceptivo foram relevantes para caracterizar a qualidade vocal do grupo estudado, bem como revelaram associação com o tempo de medicação

Gli stili APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO e altri

36

Coetzer, Tarien. "'n Beskrywing van ouers, onderwyseresse, spraak-taalterapeute en oudioloë se persepsies oor die uitkomstes van 'n ouditief-verbale benadering tot opvoeding by jong kinders met 'n gehoorverlies". Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/6530.

Testo completo

Abstract (sommario):

Thesis (M Speech Path)--University of Stellenbosch, 2011.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Various approaches to the communication-development of the young child with a hearing impairment exist, of which the auditory-verbal approach is one. This approach is based on the principle that the child with a hearingimpairment develops speech- and language skills by using his/her residual hearing that is appropriately strengthened with the use of a hearing aid and/or cochlear implant. One of the most important requirements for the successful application of this approach is the appropriate transfer of the techniques and strategies that is used in institution-based intervention to the child’s home environment. Parents, teachers, speech-language therapists and audiologists are responsible for facilitating the transfer of intervention methods and acquired skills to the home environment and it is important that all team members are aware of his/her own, as well as each other’s roles, in the application of this approach. The principal aim of the proposed research project was to describe and explain the perceptions of parents/caregivers, teachers, speech-language therapists and audiologists, that are involved in the intervention of the hearing impaired child, regarding the auditory-verbal approach to education. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with nine parents of hearing impaired children younger than the age of four, and with four teachers that are involved in the education of the said children. Lastly, semi-structured interviews were held with four speech-language therapists and two audiologists that are involved in the provision of the intervention to hearing impaired children younger than four years. All the participants were affiliated with a specific centre for children with hearing impairment in the Western Cape province of South Africa. All the participants noted that parents must take part in the decision-making process with regards to the selection of the most suitable communication approach for their child with a hearing loss. Participants also agreed that most parents choose the auditory-verbal approach to communication development of their child because speech as a communication medium, is familiar to them and it is also associated with normality. Parents also indicated that the auditory-verbal approach is the most suitable approach for all children with a hearing loss. Teachers, speech-language therapists and audiologists did not completely agree with the parents as they mentioned some aspects, e.g. the presence of additional disabilities must be taken into account before a decision can be made regarding whether the child with hearing loss could follow the auditory-verbal approach to communication development. All participants displayed a positive attitude towards the auditory-verbal approach and it appears that parents, teachers, speech-language therapists and audiologists have good insight into the principles and outcomes of this approach.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Daar bestaan verskeie benaderings tot kommunikasie-ontwikkeling by die jong kind met gehoorverlies waarvan die ouditief-verbale benadering een opsie is. Hierdie benadering is gebaseer op die beginsel dat die kind met gehoorverlies spraak- en taalvaardighede ontwikkel deur gebruik te maak van hulle residuele gehoor wat deur middel van die gebruik van ‘n gehoorapparaat en/of kogleêre inplanting toepaslik versterk word. Een van die belangrikste vereistes vir die suksesvolle toepassing van die benadering is toepaslike oordrag van die tegnieke en strategieë wat in terapie gebruik word, na die kind se tuisomgewing. Ouers, onderwysers, spraak-taalterapeute en oudioloë speel ‘n baie belangrike rol om hierdie oordrag na alledaagse kontekste te fassiliteer en dit is belangrik dat elke spanlid bewus is van sy/haar rol asook die ander lede se rolle in die toepassing van die benadering. Die hoofdoelwit van die voorgestelde navorsingsprojek was om ouers/versorgers, onderwyseresse, spraaktaalterapeute en oudioloë, betrokke by die intervensie en opvoeding van die kind met gehoorverlies, se persepsies rakende die ouditief-verbale benadering tot opvoeding te beskryf en te verduidelik. Tydens die studie is daar semi-gestruktureerde onderhoude gevoer met onderskeidelik nege ouers van kinders, jonger as vier-jaar oud, met gehoorgestremdheid en met vier onderwyseresse wat betrokke is by die die opvoeding van genoemde ouers se kinders met gehoorverlies. Laastens is daar ook semi-gestruktureerde onderhoude gevoer met vier spraak-taalterapeute en twee oudioloë wat betrokke is by die verskaffing van intervensie aan kinders met gehoorverlies, jonger as vier-jaar oud. Al die deelnemers was verbonde aan ’n spesifieke sentrum vir kinders met gehoorverlies in die Wes-Kaap provinsie van Suid Afrika. Al die deelnemers het aangedui dat ouers betrek word by die besluitnemingsproses rakende die keuse van die mees geskikte kommunikasie-benadering vir die kind met gehoorverlies. Deelnemers het almal saamgestem dat ouers meestal die ouditief-verbale benadering tot kommunikasie-ontwikkeling vir hulle kind kies omdat spraak as kommunikasiemedium bekend is aan die ouers en verband hou met normaliteit. Ouers het aangedui dat die ouditief-verbale benadering die mees toepaslike benadering is vir enige kind met gehoorverlies. Onderwyseresse, spraak-taalterapeute en oudioloë het nie volkome saam met die ouers gestem nie en hulle het genoem dat daar sekere aspekte, byvoorbeeld die teenwoordigheid van bykomende gestremdhede, is wat oorweeg moet word voor daar besluit word of die kind die ouditief-verbale benadering tot kommunikasieontwikkeling moet volg. Deelnemers het oor die algemeen ‘n positiewe houding getoon teenoor die ouditief-verbale benadering en dit wil voorkom asof ouers, onderwyseresse, spraak-taalterapeute en oudioloë goeie begrip toon van die beginsels en uitkomstes van die benadering.

Gli stili APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO e altri

37

Camargo, Natália de. "Relações entre medidas de capacidade auditiva e desempenho em tarefas de percepção da fala em crianças com deficiência auditiva". Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2013. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/11954.

Testo completo

Abstract (sommario):

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-27T18:11:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Natalia de Camargo.pdf: 2001640 bytes, checksum: 331698934a9f6ecc1a58cd59d49ddd9b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-02-14
Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico
The purpose of the study was to establish the relationship between hearing capacity and performance on tasks of speech perception in children with hearing loss aiming at discussing factors related to effective utilization of residual hearing. Method: The procedures were performed at CeAC/DERDIC/PUCP. The Speech Intelligibility Indices (SII) were established for 55 and 65 dBSPL input sounds of ten children presenting bilateral sensorineural hearing loss, adapted with bilateral hearing aids, and which have oral language as the main mode of communication. They were submitted to a words and nonsense words repetition task either in two or three different intensities (52, 55 and 65 dBSPL). Their productions were analyzed according the criteria established by WASP Protocol and by Confusion Matrix. In the data analysis, the values of SII in the better ear were compared with the results obtained in each analysis criterion. Results: For voicing and word performance, there was a statistically significant difference between both stimuli in 55 dBSPL. For consonants, place of articulation and consonant substitution there was a statistically meaningful difference between stimuli types in 65 and 55 dBSPL and also between intensities 65 and 55 dBSPL in nonsense words. The percentage of correct words was small when compared to the percentage of correct consonants and place of articulation. Thus, the performance in the last criteria seemed more representative of the auditory capacity prescribed by SII 65, which ranged from 27% to 90% with major concentration of intermediary SII subjects. For performance of mode of articulation, there was a statistically significant difference between both words and nonsense words at 55 dBSPL and between 65 and 55 intensities in nonsense words. For performance in other error criteria, the analysis showed no statistically significant difference. Conclusion: With regards to the criterion of correct words, performance was, for most children, below the auditory capacity predicted, considering SII values. As to correct vowel performance, the investigation showed that these have ensured audibility. The criteria of performance in correct consonants and place of articulation seemed more representative of the auditory capacity anticipated by SII than the criterion of correct words performance. The performance regarding criteria of mode of articulation and voicing seem to suggest that these children were able to perceive these traits, probably due to low frequency band information. With regards to errors, the number of substitutions was higher than omissions. The characteristics of substitutions allow us to identify error orientation on certain consonant, while omissions allow for evaluating consonant audibility. Thus, the relationship between auditory capacity and performance on speech task perception cannot be considered in isolation since other factors are involved in this process, thus enabling the explanation of variability in performance. Audiological and therapeutic history, as well as linguistic and family characteristics can significantly interfere with performance given similar auditory capacity. Further studies are necessary to address these issues
O objetivo deste estudo foi estabelecer relações entre capacidade auditiva e desempenho em tarefas de percepção da fala em crianças com deficiência auditiva, visando discutir fatores determinantes na utilização efetiva da audição residual no processo de percepção da fala. Métodos: Os procedimentos foram realizados no CeAC/ Derdic/PUCSP. Foram estabelecidos os Índices de Inteligibilidade de Fala (SII) para sons de entradas de 55 e 65 dBNPS de dez crianças com perda auditiva neurossensorial usuárias de AASI bilateralmente que têm a linguagem oral como a principal modalidade de comunicação. As mesmas foram submetidas à tarefa de repetição de palavras com e sem sentido em duas ou três diferentes intensidades (52, 55 e 65 dBNPS). As emissões das crianças foram analisadas de acordo com os critérios estabelecidos no Protocolo WASP e na Matriz de Confusão. Na análise dos dados, o SII foi comparado com os resultados obtidos em cada critério de análise. Resultados: Para o desempenho em palavras e vozeamento houve diferença estatisticamente significante entre os dois tipos de estímulo em 55 dBNPS. Para o desempenho em consoantes, ponto de articulação e substituição das consoantes houve diferença estatisticamente significante entre os tipos de estímulos em 65 e 55 dBNPS e também entre as intensidades de 65 e 55 dBNPS nas palavras sem sentido. As porcentagens de acerto de palavras foram pequenas quando comparadas às porcentagens de acerto de consoantes e ponto de articulação. Assim sendo, o desempenho nestes dois últimos critérios pareceu melhor representar a capacidade auditiva prevista pelo SII 65, que variou de 27% a 90% com maior concentração de sujeitos com SII intermediários. Para o desempenho em modo de articulação houve diferença estatisticamente significante entre as palavras com e sem sentido na intensidade de 55 dBNPS e entre as intensidades de 65 e 55 dBNPS nas palavras sem sentido. Para o desempenho nos demais critérios de análise dos erros as diferenças não foram estatisticamente significantes. Conclusão: O desempenho no critério acerto de palavras foi para a grande maioria das crianças aquém do potencial auditivo previsto pelo SII. O desempenho no critério acerto de vogais demonstrou que estas têm audibilidade garantida. O desempenho nos critérios acerto de consoantes e de ponto de articulação pareceu melhor representar a capacidade auditiva prevista pelo SII do que o desempenho no critério acerto de palavras. O desempenho nos critérios modo de articulação e vozeamento parecem sugerir que são traços audíveis dada informação na faixa de frequências baixas. As características das substituições possibilitam identificar a orientação do erro em determinada consoante, ao passo que as omissões permitem avaliar a audibilidade da consoante. Assim sendo, a relação entre capacidade auditiva e desempenho em tarefas de percepção da fala não pode ser considerada isoladamente, uma vez que outros fatores estão envolvidos neste processo explicando a variabilidade no desempenho. Particularmente aspectos do histórico audiológico e terapêutico, desenvolvimento de linguagem e características da família podem interferir no desempenho, dada a mesma capacidade auditiva. Outros estudos são necessários

Gli stili APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO e altri

38

Shelley, Joseph M. "Methods for Incorporating Learning Styles in High School Computer Applications Classes". UNF Digital Commons, 1991. http://digitalcommons.unf.edu/etd/96.

Testo completo

Abstract (sommario):

This descriptive study utilizes methods and materials not found in traditional high school computer applications classes. Four classes were involved in this preliminary descriptive study. Seventy students in periods four, six, and seven were tested to determine their learning style preference. The emphasis for style was based on one of three perceptual responses: auditory, visual, and emotive. Third period received the teacher's traditional instruction for computer applications. Fourth period received no special treatment other than being tested for and made aware of learning styles. Students tested in the sixth and seventh periods were either individually assigned or allowed to choose a treatment that differed from the normal classroom instruction. Data included student assignments, teacher made tests, and teacher observations. The results for the treated classes showed greater consistency in assignments completed and higher test scores for treated students.

Gli stili APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO e altri

39

Tantribeau, Patrick. "A stereo auditory image-perception aid for the blind /". Thesis, McGill University, 1992. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=56960.

Testo completo

Abstract (sommario):

This thesis presents the research to develop a technical aid for the blind to perceive images such as a face or a scenery. The images scanned and explored interactively by touch through a probe mounted on the index finger of each hand. The pixel intensities of the image are displayed to the user as stereo auditory signals.
For the study, the aid was implemented partly by using a personal computer, a computer graphics tablet, a digital-signal-processing board, and audio equipment. In addition, a Time-Multiplexer circuit was built to support inputs from two finger-probes which are made by using two styluses of the graphics tablet. The system softwares were programmed to present the images as stereo auditory display. The aid was evaluated on six blind-from-birth subjects and ten blindfolded sighted subjects to determine how fast and accurately they could perceive different multi-gray level images, and how their performance changed with increased experience. The results showed that, with increased experience, the same image presented in the second trial can be perceived in a shorter time than in the first trial. The subjects perceived the binary and the multi-gray level shapes within 2 minutes on average.

Gli stili APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO e altri

40

Van, Staden Marinda. "Verpleegsters werksaam in staatshospitale in Noordwes se persepsie van die oudiologiese manifestasies van MIV/VIGS in die pediatriese populasie". Diss., Pretoria : [s.n.], 2007. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-07222008-103443.

Testo completo

Gli stili APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO e altri

41

Taylor, Eileen Zalkin. "The effects of in-group bias and decision aids on auditors' evidence evaluation". [Tampa, Fla] : University of South Florida, 2006. http://purl.fcla.edu/usf/dc/et/SFE0001572.

Testo completo

Gli stili APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO e altri

42

Gresele, Amanda Dal Piva. "COMPRESSÃO DE FREQUÊNCIAS: RECONHECIMENTO DE FALA EM IDOSOS COM PERDA AUDITIVA DE CONFIGURAÇÃO DESCENDENTE". Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2013. http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/6562.

Testo completo

Abstract (sommario):

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
Purpose: to evaluate and compare the performance of elderly people with descending hearing loss, still considering the presence or absence of dead regions in cochlea (DRs), in speech recognition tests, in silence and in noise, using auditory prostheses with and without the activation of the nonlinear frequency compression (NLFC). Materials and Methods: the study presents quantitative, observational, descriptive, and transversal traits. 48 subjects were evaluated: 33 men and 15 women, aged between 61 and 84 years, with mild to moderate hearing loss and descending configuration. In order to collect the data the Lists of Sentences in Portuguese test was used (LSP), seeking the Sentence Recognition Thresholds in Silence (LRSS), the Sentences Recognition Threshold in Noise (LRSR) expressed by the signal/noise relationship (S/R) and Percentage Index Sentence Recognition of Threshold in Silence (IPRSS) and in noise (IPRSR). The subjects were evaluated using binaural auditory prostheses, which had their adjustments verified through measurements with a probe microphone. All measurements were obtained using auditory prostheses both without the activation of the NLFC (SC) and with the activation of the NLFC (CC). For the analysis of collected data, the subjects were distributed in two formats; in one study the 48 subjects comprised a sample, in the other, considering the results obtained in the DRs identification test, the subjects distributed themselves in Group A (24 elderly people without evidence of DRs) and Group B (14 elderly people with evidence of DRs). Results: in the first study, a statistically significant difference between LRSS and IPRSS obtained using auditory prostheses SC and CC was observed, the latter being those that provided the better results. In the S/R relationship and in the IPRSR there was no statistically significant difference observed between the use of auditory prostheses SC and CC. In the second study analyzing the results of group A and B separately, in both a statistically significant difference in performance between the IPRSS obtained using auditory prostheses SC and CC, the latter being those that provided the better results. There was no difference observed in IPRSR. Comparing the groups, one verifies that there was no statistically significant difference in performance in IPRSS SC, IPRSS CC, and in IPRSR CC. Yet, the IPRSR SC presented statistically significant difference between the groups, the best being the performance of Group B. Conclusion: in the first study, the general sample presented statistically significant improvement in the measurements obtained in silence using auditory prostheses with CNLF if compared to the auditory prostheses without NLFC. In noise, no difference in performance was verified with or without NLFC. In the second study, both the group of subjects without and the group with DRs obtained statistically significant improvement in performance, in silence, using auditory prostheses with NLFC, in noise, however, there was no difference. Comparing the groups with and without DRs, the only measure that presented a significant difference was that obtained in noise with auditory prostheses without NLFC, in which the group with DRs obtained better performance than the group without DRs.
Objetivo: avaliar e comparar o desempenho de idosos com perda auditiva de configuração descendente, considerando ainda a presença ou não de zonas mortas na cóclea (ZMC) em testes de reconhecimento de fala, no silêncio e no ruído, usando próteses auditivas sem e com a ativação do algoritmo de compressão não linear de frequências (CNLF). Material e método: o estudo apresenta caráter quantitativo, observacional, descritivo e transversal. Foram avaliados 48 sujeitos, sendo 33 homens e 15 mulheres, com idade entre 61 e 84 anos, perda auditiva de grau leve a moderado e configuração descendente, sem experiência com o uso de próteses auditivas. Para coleta dos dados, foi utilizado o teste Listas de Sentenças em Português (LSP), sendo pesquisados os Limiares de Reconhecimento de Sentenças no Silêncio (LRSS), relações sinal/ruído (S/R) e Índices Percentuais de Reconhecimento de Sentenças no Silêncio (IPRSS) e no ruído (IPRSR). Os sujeitos foram avaliados usando próteses auditivas de forma binaural, as quais tiveram seus ajustes verificados por meio de mensurações com microfone sonda. Todas as medidas foram obtidas com o uso de próteses auditivas sem a ativação da CNLF (SC) e com próteses auditivas com a CNLF ativada (CC). Para análise dos dados, os sujeitos foram distribuídos de duas formas: em um estudo os 48 sujeitos compuseram a amostra; em outro, considerando os resultados obtidos no teste para identificação de ZMC, distribuíram-se os sujeitos em Grupo A (24 idosos sem indícios de ZMC) e Grupo B (14 idosos com indícios de ZMC). Resultados: considerando a amostra geral, foi observada diferença estatisticamente significante entre os LRSS e IPRSS obtidos usando próteses auditivas SC e CC, sendo as últimas as que proporcionaram melhores resultados. Na relação S/R e IPRSR, não foi observada diferença estatisticamente significante entre o uso de próteses auditivas SC e CC. Analisando-se separadamente os resultados do grupo A e B, em ambos observou-se diferença estatisticamente significante de desempenho entre os IPRSS obtidos usando próteses auditivas SC e CC, sendo as últimas as que proporcionaram melhores resultados. Não foi observada diferença no IPRSR. Comparando-se os grupos A e B, verificou-se que não houve diferença estatisticamente significante de desempenho no IPRSS SC, no IPRSS CC e no IPRSR CC. Já o IPRSR SC apresentou diferença estatisticamente significante entre os grupos, sendo o melhor o desempenho do grupo B. Conclusão: Considerando-se a amostra geral, no silêncio, as próteses auditivas CC proporcionaram maiores benefícios do que as SC. No ruído, o reconhecimento de fala foi semelhante com o uso de próteses auditivas SC e CC. Considerando-se a presença de ZMC, no silêncio, tanto no grupo de idosos sem quanto no com ZMC, o uso de próteses auditivas CC apresentou tendência a proporcionar maiores benefícios do que as SC. No ruído, os resultados foram semelhantes nas condições SC e CC em ambos os grupos. Comparando-se os grupos sem e com ZMC, a única medida que apresentou diferença significante foi a obtida no ruído com próteses auditivas CC, na qual o grupo com ZMC obteve desempenho melhor do que o sem ZMC.

Gli stili APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO e altri

43

Huen, Myron. "Hearing aid processing of auditory evoked potential stimuli : acoustic effects". Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/57582.

Testo completo

Abstract (sommario):

Amplification is one of the main interventions used to manage hearing loss in people of all ages. Difficult-to-test populations fitted with amplification may be unable to respond reliably through behavioural methods to evaluate the quality of amplification. In these situations, the use of objective measures, such as auditory evoked potentials (AEP), has been suggested as a means to obtain more information regarding the fitting of the amplification. Recent investigations on aided potentials have been inconsistent in showing more robust responses that would be expected after amplification. This may be in part due to the unpredictable changes that can happen with hearing aid processing. Thus, there is a need to conduct a systematic analysis of the acoustic effects hearing aid processing can have on AEP stimuli to offer possible explanations for the inconsistency. Data were collected using three hearing aids programmed for a mild to moderately-severe sloping hearing loss with linear gain and compression, and stimuli commonly used to elicit brainstem and cortical AEPs at two input intensities. Large changes were noted in stimulus rise times, intensities, signal-to-noise ratios, and modulation depth. The amount of change differed by hearing aid and gain settings (linear or compression). Changes to rise times were also noted with changes to stimulus duration based on the hearing aid as well as the gain setting. These results suggest hearing aid processing can cause many changes to the signal, some of which may affect the morphology of evoked potentials. The changes that occur can also vary widely based on the hearing aid through which the stimuli are processed. Thus, the interpretation of the responses elicited by processed stimuli must be done with caution, and should only be done after taking hearing aid changes into account.
Medicine, Faculty of
Audiology and Speech Sciences, School of
Graduate

Gli stili APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO e altri

44

Marley, Robert N. "An Empirical Investigation of Decision Aids to Improve Auditor Effectiveness in Analytical Review". Scholar Commons, 2011. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/3232.

Testo completo

Abstract (sommario):

There is considerable evidence in the audit literature that even though auditors usually identify the relevant information needed to propose and select the correct cause of an unexpected fluctuation, they frequently do not propose the correct cause, and even when they do propose the correct cause, they often fail to select it. I suggest that working memory limitations might be a factor contributing to this analytical review paradox. Consequently, this study investigates whether two new decision aids, designed from Cognitive Load Theory, reduce auditors' cognitive load during analytical review, freeing cognitive resources for problem solving, and ultimately leading to improved auditor analytical review effectiveness. My first decision aid, an activity relationship diagram (ARD), gives the auditor a graphical depiction of common accounting relationships. My second decision aid, a pattern-consideration aid (PCA), automatically recalls and textually displays the auditor-identified relevant information cues. In an experimental setting, I find that auditors who rely on either decision aid significantly improve their analytical review effectiveness compared to auditors who conduct analytical review unaided. However, contrary to my predictions, auditors who rely on both decision aids do not outperform auditors who rely on only one decision aid. Although I find empirical evidence that cognitive load is negatively related to analytical review effectiveness, I do not find evidence that my decision aids reduce cognitive load.

Gli stili APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO e altri

45

Grobbelaar, Annerina. "Linear frequency transposition and word recognition abilities of children with moderate-to-severe sensorineural hearing loss". Diss., Pretoria : [s. n.], 2009. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-03112010-104801.

Testo completo

Gli stili APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO e altri

46

Gomaa, Mohamed Ismail Ibrahim. "The effect of time pressure, task complexity and litigation risk on auditors' reliance on decision aids". Maastricht : Maastricht : UPM, Universitaire Pers Maastricht ; University Library, Maastricht University [Host], 2005. http://arno.unimaas.nl/show.cgi?fid=6461.

Testo completo

Gli stili APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO e altri

47

Mueller, Jennifer M. "The Effects of Goal Framing on Auditors' Use of a Decision Aid in Environments of Varied Risk". Diss., Virginia Tech, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/37642.

Testo completo

Abstract (sommario):

An auditor performing analytical review must typically diagnose material variances of observed client data from his/her own expectations. The auditor may utilize a decision aid to help in generating potential explanations for a variance; it has, however, the capacity to provide many more explanations than are possible using other means. Under the circumstances of budgetary constraints and limited cognitive load for beginning an information search with these explanations, the auditor may consider the lengthy list and arrive at a more manageable sub-list of the most probable explanations. In doing so, the auditor either eliminates those explanations that are less likely or includes those that are more likely into a reduced list for further consideration. While the goal under either approach is the same-to reduce the list-studies in psychology have shown that those including will reduce the list to a much greater extent than those eliminating. If the auditor begins an information search with this reduced list of explanations, then whether the auditor uses inclusion or elimination may have effectiveness and efficiency implications for the remainder of the analytical review process. The auditor must also contend with risk in the audit environment, which also may influence the manner in which the auditor reduces the lengthy list of explanations. A risky audit environment is generally related to heightened auditor skepticism and increased audit effort, as predicted by the audit risk model (SAS 47, AICPA 1983). Each of these translates into the desire to pursue a greater number of plausible explanations in a high risk environment than in a low risk environment. Therefore, an auditor would be expected to reduce a decision-aid-provided list of explanations to a lesser degree in a high risk environment than a low risk environment. The purpose of this dissertation was to investigate the occurrence of a goal framing effect at varied levels of client risk. Using a two-way between subjects design, auditors in this study either eliminated or included explanations from a decision-aid-provided list in a low risk or high risk analytical review setting. As suggested by the goal framing theory, auditors who eliminated concluded with significantly more explanations than those who included. Furthermore, as suggested by the audit risk model, auditors in a high risk environment concluded with significantly more explanations than auditors in a low risk environment. Because previous auditing literature provides that auditor conservatism, which is heightened in periods of high risk, often mitigates biases and heuristics found in the general decision making or psychology literature, it was also predicted that in the high risk scenario, the influence of high risk in enlarging the set of explanations would overcome the influence of the inclusion goal framing in reducing the set of explanations. No support was found for this interaction. The results of this study have implications for the implementation of decision aids in practice. This study advises that in various client risk settings, auditors evaluating a lengthy decision-aid-provided list of explanations by inclusion may arrive at a significantly smaller number of explanations than by elimination. Given that the subsequent step of analytical review-information search-is planned according to what the auditor believes are the plausible hypotheses, goal framing may have an impact on the overall efficiency and effectiveness of analytical review, in both high and low risk client scenarios.
Ph. D.

Gli stili APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO e altri

48

Meagher, Kelsey Marie. "Effects of hearing aid processing on cortical auditory evoked potentials in normal hearing individuals". Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/64172.

Testo completo

Abstract (sommario):

Cortical auditory evoked potentials (CAEPs) are currently being investigated as a tool for validation in hearing aid fittings. There is some conflicting evidence regarding the usefulness of CAEPs in this capacity. CAEPs are influenced by stimulus parameters and hearing aids can change these parameters in an unpredictable manner. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of rise time after hearing aid processing on the CAEP of 23 normal hearing participants. Two different duration stimuli (60 ms and 120 ms) were processed by three different hearing aids and the output of each hearing aid was recorded. The stimulus parameters were measured for each condition and the stimuli were presented to each participant through an insert earphone. Two blocks of stimuli were used (1) Raw (varied SNR and intensity) and (2) Equalized/Filtered (equalized SNR and intensity). The electroencephalography (EEG) was recorded and the P1-N1-P2 amplitudes and latencies were measured for each condition. A three-factor ANOVA was conducted to observe the effects of (1) rise time, (2) duration, and (3) SNR. A main effect of rise time was observed on the N1-P2 amplitude. This result indicated that hearing aid processing can increase the rise time enough to elicit a decrease in the N1-P2 amplitude. No effects were observed on amplitudes or latencies of the N1-P2 with the alternative stimulus parameters (SNR and duration). Prior to using CAEPs clinically for validation of hearing aid fittings, normative standards should be established. This ensures that differences in the N1-P2 amplitudes are due specifically to audibility and not to the altered stimulus parameter (i.e., after hearing aid processing). Further research should also be conducted on individuals with hearing loss to see if the effects observed in this study would be present with this population. In addition, comparisons of behavioural and CAEP methods of validation would be helpful in determining the validity and reliability of using these methods clinically.
Medicine, Faculty of
Audiology and Speech Sciences, School of
Graduate

Gli stili APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO e altri

49

Vieira, Eliara Pinto [UNIFESP]. "Mutações genéticas da deficiência auditiva: avaliação comportamental e eletrofisiológica da audição sem e com prótese auditiva em crianças". Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2011. http://repositorio.unifesp.br/handle/11600/9832.

Testo completo

Abstract (sommario):

Made available in DSpace on 2015-07-22T20:50:27Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2011-01-26. Added 1 bitstream(s) on 2015-08-11T03:26:03Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 Publico-12529a.pdf: 1382817 bytes, checksum: 65bd98549521fbf2650836a170f9761e (MD5). Added 1 bitstream(s) on 2015-08-11T03:26:03Z : No. of bitstreams: 2 Publico-12529a.pdf: 1382817 bytes, checksum: 65bd98549521fbf2650836a170f9761e (MD5) Publico-12529b.pdf: 1113563 bytes, checksum: 3261d75b2356f849d087c69443322b57 (MD5)
As BMPs, proteínas indutoras de crescimento ósseo, desde o início de sua utilização têm sido avaliadas em diferentes modelos experimentais objetivando determinar sua eficácia. Sabemos que algumas substâncias podem interferir positiva ou negativamente quando utilizadas de forma sistêmica ou local, associadas à BMP. Objetivo: Este estudo tem por objetivo avaliar as possíveis interferências da utilização de antibioticoterapia profilática pré e pós-operatória, utilizando-se como princípio ativo a cefazolina, aplicada a um modelo experimental em coelhos. Métodos: Foram utilizados dois grupos de coelhos fêmea, neozelandeses, submetidos à artrodese intertransversa da coluna lombar, segmento L5-L6, por via posterior. No primeiro grupo foi utilizado o enxerto autólogo associado ao biocomposto (BMP bovino, 1,0mg e hidroxiapatita, 9,0mg). No segundo grupo foi realizado o mesmo procedimento e utilizado o mesmo biocomposto, porém os animais foram submetidos a antibioticoterapia profilática com cefazolina iniciada duas horas antes e mantida por 24 horas após o término do procedimento. Os animais foram acompanhados por 15 semanas, isolados em cativeiro e avaliados diariamente por veterinário sob o ponto de vista clínico e neurológico, sendo posteriormente sacrificados e retiradas as peças cirúrgicas para serem submetidas à análise radiográfica e histológica. Resultados: Para o grupo 1, a quantidade e localização do material implantado variaram entre os indivíduos, porém, na maioria dos casos (6 amostras), a quantidade de partículas de osso homólogo era insignificante e estava dispersa ao longo do tecido mole que recobre o dorso da vértebra, circundado por tecido reacional com área de necrose. Nos demais casos as partículas com reabsorção preenchiam o reduzido espaço entre os processos transversos. Para o grupo 2, a quantidade do material e sua localização também variaram entre os indivíduos. Na maioria dos casos inúmeras partículas de osso mole preenchiam o espaço entre os processos laterais cuja neoformação óssea levou ao aprisionamento de algumas dessas partículas. Todos os casos exibiram formação em maior ou menor intensidade de tecido cartilaginoso na superfície dos processos transversos. A análise radiográfica mostrou em sua freqüência relativa maior freqüência de fusão completa para o grupo 2 quando comparado ao grupo 1. Conclusão: Do ponto de vista histológico para o modelo e período experimental analisado, inferimos que, embora nenhum dos tratamentos propostos tenha promovido o completo fusionamento das vértebras por tecido ósseo, a utilização de osso homólogo + BMP bovina, associada à aplicação de cefazolina, promoveu maior formação cartilaginosa e óssea com menor índice de rejeição do material enxertado na área doadora, quando comparada ao grupo sem associação de cefazolina. Do ponto de vista radiográfico, a análise relativa também demonstrou-se superior para o grupo onde foi utilizado cefazolina.
The BMPs, the inductive proteins of bone growth since the beginning of their use have been evaluated in different experimental models aiming to determine their efficacy. We know that some substances can interfere positively or negatively when used in a systemic way or places associated with the BMP. Objective: this study objective to evaluate the possible interferences of antibiotic-therapy by using the active principle of cefazolin in an experimental model with rabbits. Methods: Two groups of female New Zealand rabbits underwent a lumbar spine inter-transverse artrodesys of segment L5-L6 using posterior approach. An homolog bone graft associated with a bio-compound (bovine BMP, 1,0mg and hydroxiapatita, 9,0mg) was used in the first group. The same procedure and bio-compound were used in the second group. However the animals were submitted to a prophylactic antibiotic-therapy with cefazolin starting two hours before the procedure and maintained for 24 hours after surgery. The animals were analyzed for 15 weeks, isolated in captivity and daily evaluated by a veterinarian under the clinical and neurological views and then euthanized, being the surgical pieces removed and submitted to a radiological and histological analysis. Results: For the first group the quantity and location of the implanted material varied among the individuals. However in most of the cases, the quantity and particles of homolog bone was insignificant and disperse along the soft tissue that covers the posterior region of the vertebrae. In the other cases, the particles with reabsorvation filled the reduced space between the transversal processes. For the second group, the quantity of material and its location also varied among the individuals. In most of the cases, several particles of homolog bone filled the space between the lateral processes whose bone neo-formation led to a trapping of these particles. All the cases showed formation in a higher or lower intensity of the cartilaginous tissue in the surface of the transverse processes. The radiological analysis showed in its relative frequency a higher frequency of complete fusion for group 2 when compared to group 1. Conclusion: Under the histological view for the model and experimental period analyzed, we inferred that, despite the fact that none of the proposed treatments had promoted a complete fusion of the vertebraes per bone tissue, the use of homolog bone + bovine BMPs associated with the use of cefazolin promoted a higher cartilaginous and bone formation with lower incidence of rejection of the material grafted in the doer area when compared to the group without the association of cefazolin. Under the radiological view, the relative analysis also showed to be superior in the group where cefazolin was used as a prophylactic antibiotic.
TEDE
BV UNIFESP: Teses e dissertações

Gli stili APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO e altri

50

Aroudi, Ali [Verfasser]. "Cognitive-Driven Speech Enhancement using EEG-based Auditory Attention Decoding for Hearing Aid Applications / Ali Aroudi". München : Verlag Dr. Hut, 2021. http://d-nb.info/1232846716/34.

Testo completo

Gli stili APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO e altri

Tesi sul tema "Auditory aids"

Cita una fonte nei formati APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard e in molti altri stili