Articoli di riviste: "Asthma model"

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Tarlo, Susan M. "Occupational asthma: a valid model for adult asthma?" Current Opinion in Allergy and Clinical Immunology 3, n. 2 (aprile 2003): 91–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00130832-200304000-00001.

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Betters, R. Zachary, Robinder Khemani e Patrick Ross. "1014: ASTHMA PREDICTION MODEL". Critical Care Medicine 44, n. 12 (dicembre 2016): 329. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.ccm.0000509690.21190.69.

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Zimmerman, Barry J., Sebastian Bonner, David Evans e Robert B. Mellins. "Self-Regulating Childhood Asthma: A Developmental Model of Family Change". Health Education & Behavior 26, n. 1 (febbraio 1999): 55–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/109019819902600106.

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This article tests a model of self-regulatory development in which families’cognitive beliefs and behavioral skills for managing asthma symptoms emerge in four successive phases: asthma symptom avoidance, asthma acceptance, asthma compliance, and asthma self-regulation. Confirmatory factor analyses revealed that the hypothesized multiphase model provided the best factorial fit for phase items. Subsequent Guttman analyses of the families’phase scores revealed a high degree of sequential ordering. Finally, trend analyses of family phase differences revealed a significant negative linear relation with measures of asthma severity and a significant positive linear relation with physician care and concern measures, asthma regulatory measures, and beliefs in Western biomedical practices. Despite receiving primary care for asthma at a major metropolitan university hospital, 83% of the sample were classified as precompliant. The phase model of asthma self-regulatory development offers a qualitative approach for investigating the psychological determinants of asthma self-regulatory behavior.

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Creer, Thomas L., Ruth E. K. Stein, Leonard Rappaport e Charles Lewis. "Behavioral Consequences of Illness: Childhood Asthma as a Model". Pediatrics 90, n. 5 (1 novembre 1992): 808–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.90.5.808.

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Several areas of research on childhood asthma are discussed within a transactional model of asthma. The model emphasizes the multidirectional influences that affect the severity of asthma and associated behavioral disability. The initial focus is on how the clinical presentation and morbidity of asthma are affected both by somatic predisposition and by interactions with multiple internal and external elements. Specific elements include emotional factors, neuroimmunology, temperament, and medication side effects. Second, the impact of asthma on the child, his or her family, and segments of the community are described, as are consequences of the disorder on quality of life. Third, there is a synopsis of preventative interventions for reducing the medical and behavioral impact of childhood asthma. The motif is that the interaction of medical and behavioral procedures can improve the management of asthma while consequences of the disorder are mollified. Finally, as examples of a transactional model of asthma, selfmanagement programs for teaching children to become partners with their physicians in establishing and maintaining control over the disorder are described. A representative of self-management—the ACT (Asthma Care Training) program—is described, along with the impact such programs have on children, their families, and institutions. The conclusion emphasizes that asthma is a complicated and unpredictable disorder that puzzles physicians, behavioral scientists, and patients. Although new treatments may be over the horizon, controlling childhood asthma and its consequences currently rests on the cooperation and increased interaction of medical and behavioral scientists

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Ajami, Hicham, Hamid Mcheick e Catherine Laprise. "First Steps of Asthma Management with a Personalized Ontology Model". Future Internet 14, n. 7 (22 giugno 2022): 190. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fi14070190.

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Asthma is a chronic respiratory disease characterized by severe inflammation of the bronchial mucosa. Allergic asthma is the most common form of this health issue. Asthma is classified into allergic and non-allergic asthma, and it can be triggered by several factors such as indoor and outdoor allergens, air pollution, weather conditions, tobacco smoke, and food allergens, as well as other factors. Asthma symptoms differ in their frequency and severity since each patient reacts differently to these triggers. Formal knowledge is selected as one of the most promising solutions to deal with these challenges. This paper presents a new personalized approach to manage asthma. An ontology-driven model supported by Semantic Web Rule Language (SWRL) medical rules is proposed to provide personalized care for an asthma patient by identifying the risk factors and the development of possible exacerbations.

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Punyadasa, Dhanusha, Vindya Kumarapeli e Wijith Senaratne. "Prevalence of being ‘high-risk’ of hospitalization due to exacerbation among asthma patients aged ≥ 20 years in a district of Sri Lanka." Journal of the College of Community Physicians of Sri Lanka 30, n. 2 (26 luglio 2024): 133–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.4038/jccpsl.v30i2.8670.

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Introduction: Hospitalizations due to exacerbated asthma remai ns high in Sri Lanka leaving a huge burden on the healthcare system. Identification of the burden of ‘high risk asthma patients’ for hospitalization due to exacerbation is a cost-effective strategy for prioritizing management options. Objectives: To estimate the prevalence of ‘high-risk asthma patients ’ and selected risk predictors for hospitalization due to exacerbation among asthma patients aged ≥20 years in the district of Gampaha, Sri Lanka Methods: A community-based descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 1200 asthma patients aged ≥20 years, selected using a multistage sampling technique. The risk for hospi talization was assessed using a newly developed and validated risk prediction model. High-risk asthma patients were defi ned according to the cut-off value of the summary risk score of the model. Results: The prevalence of ‘high-risk asthma patients’ for hospitali zation due to exacerbation was 16.4% (95% CI: 14.2, 18.6). The prevalence of selected risk predictors: age ≥ 60 years 24.2% (95% CI: 21.9, 26.7), poor educational attainment 67.3% (95% CI: 64.5, 70.0), having diabetes mellitus 18.8% (95% CI: 16.5, 21.0), family history of asthma 41.3% (95% CI: 38.5, 44.2), ever smoked 12.2% (95% CI: 10.2, 14.1), ever int ubated or given intensive care 2.8% (95% CI: 1.8, 3.7), previous hospitalizations due to exacerbations 6.6% (95% CI: 5.1, 8.0) , having uncontrolled asthma 63.6% (95% CI: 60.8, 66.7), having symptomatic GORD 18% (95% CI: 15.7, 20.2) and ha ving body mass index (BMI) ≥ 25 kg/m2 36.3% (95% CI: 33.5, 39.0). Conclusions & Recommendations: A significant proportion of asthm a patients being at risk of hospitalization indicates the need to adopt cost-effective asthma management strategies to ac hieve better control of the disease. Prompt primary healthcare interventions are required to address modifiable risk predi ctors among asthma patients.

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Marshall, H. "New model of asthma proposed". Trends in Immunology 22, n. 4 (aprile 2001): 184. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1471-4906(01)01913-5.

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Beggs, Paul John, e Peter Hayden Curson. "An Integrated Environmental Asthma Model". Archives of Environmental Health: An International Journal 50, n. 2 (aprile 1995): 87–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00039896.1995.9940884.

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Moldobaeva, Aigul, John Jenkins, Qiong Zhong e Elizabeth M. Wagner. "Lymphangiogenesis in rat asthma model". Angiogenesis 20, n. 1 (27 ottobre 2016): 73–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10456-016-9529-2.

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Park, Choon-Sik. "Role of Murine Asthma Model in Discovering Asthma Susceptible Genes". Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Research 6, n. 6 (2014): 475. http://dx.doi.org/10.4168/aair.2014.6.6.475.

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GASTAMINZA, G., S. QUIRCE, M. TORRES, A. TABAR, S. ECHECHIPIA, D. MUNOZ e L. FERNANDEZ DE CORRES. "Pickled onion-induced asthma: a model of sulfite-sensitive asthma?" Clinical Experimental Allergy 25, n. 8 (agosto 1995): 698–703. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2222.1995.tb00006.x.

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Hong, Joon-Pyo, Sung Hun Kang, Jinah Chu, Sun-Ju Byeon, Hyunjoo Lee, Jeong-Hee Choi, Kyung Chul Lee e Seok Jin Hong. "The Relationship Between Zonulin and Asthma: A Mouse Model Study". Journal of Rhinology 30, n. 3 (30 novembre 2023): 161–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.18787/jr.2023.00062.

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Background and Objectives: Zonulin is a human protein that regulates intercellular tight junctions and increases the permeability of the intestinal epithelium. In light of the increasing focus on zonulin’s role in numerous chronic inflammatory diseases, this study aimed to investigate whether differences exist in serum zonulin levels and bronchial epithelium zonulin expression in vivo between asthma and normal groups, using a mouse model.Methods: Sixteen mice were utilized in this study, divided evenly between the normal and asthma groups. Serum zonulin levels, the expression of zonulin antibody in the bronchial epithelium, and serum cytokine levels were evaluated in both groups. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and RNA in situ hybridization were utilized for the analysis.Results: The asthma group exhibited significantly higher levels of serum zonulin. High zonulin antibody expression was also observed in the bronchial epithelium of the asthma group. Given that our mouse model demonstrated a significant difference in interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-6 between the normal and asthma groups, zonulin may be associated not only with type 2 responses but also with various subtypes of asthma. Further studies are required to investigate this relationship in greater detail.Conclusion: Zonulin may play a role in the complex pathophysiology of asthma and could serve as a biomarker in various asthma-related situations.

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Dudeney, Joanne, Louise Sharpe e Caroline Hunt. "Understanding the Impact of Paediatric Asthma on Families: Development of a Theoretical Model". Behaviour Change 34, n. 4 (dicembre 2017): 253–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/bec.2018.1.

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The experience of paediatric asthma is associated with increased stress and emotional difficulties for both the child and family. The current study aimed to qualitatively explore parents’ views of their child's asthma experience, from initial diagnosis onwards, to enhance our understanding of how families emotionally adjust and adapt to the diagnosis and management of asthma. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 17 parents of children (<18 years) with physician-diagnosed asthma. Questionnaires were used to capture demographic information and anxiety symptom status of parents (State Trait Anxiety Inventory — Form Y [STAI-Y1/Y2]) and children (Spence Children's Anxiety Scale — Parent reported [SCAS-P]). Grounded theory was used to analyse the results. Analysis saw three themes emerge as important in understanding the impact of asthma on the family: (1) the experience of obtaining an asthma diagnosis, (2) parents’ belief in their competence to manage asthma, and (3) parents’ behaviour in response to the asthma. A model was developed that posits adaptive parental adjustment to asthma is determined in part by the circumstances around the time of diagnosis, the level of knowledge and skills, and the controllability of the asthma. This model can guide medical and allied health professionals to specific areas where intervention may reduce stress and emotional difficulties associated with asthma and its management for affected families.

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Erickson, Cecelia DuPlessis, Patricia L. Splett, Sara Stoltzfus Mullett, Charlotte Jensen e Stephanie Bisson Belseth. "The Healthy Learner Model for Student Chronic Condition Management—Part II: The Asthma Initiative". Journal of School Nursing 22, n. 6 (dicembre 2006): 319–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/10598405060220060301.

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The Healthy Learner Asthma Initiative (HLAI) was designed as a comprehensive, school-community initiative to improve asthma management and produce healthy learners. National asthma guidelines were translated into components of asthma management in the school setting that defined performance expectations and lead to greater quality and consistency of asthma care. The HLAI incorporated evidence-based practice and introduced the role of the asthma resource nurse. Leadership, capacity building, and strong partnerships among school nurses, students, families, and health care providers were essential to the implementation and sustainability of the HLAI. Professional school nursing and evaluation were defined as key requisites to a successful initiative. Evaluation results indicated positive effects on nursing practice, fewer asthma visits to the health office, and better attendance among students who received asthma care in the school health office. The HLAI provided the basis for development of the Healthy Learner Model for Student Chronic Condition Management.

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Sari, Lisa Anita. "THE HEALTH BELIEF MODEL OF ASTHMA CONTROL AMONG ADULT ASTHMATIC PATIENTS IN YOGYAKARTA INDONESIA". Belitung Nursing Journal 4, n. 5 (13 settembre 2018): 469–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.33546/bnj.462.

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Background : Asthma is a chronic respiratory disease which affects daily life of people. The ultimate target of health care for adult people living with asthma is to control their asthma. It is important to keep asthma under control in order to avoid impact of uncontrolled asthma.Objective : The purpose of this study was to examine factors related toasthma control among adult asthmatic patients based on the Health Belief Model (HBM).Methods : This was a descriptive study with cross-sectional design, which conducted in Pulmonary Primary Health Center (PPHC) Yogyakarta on April 2016. There were 397 participants selected using simple random sampling. Asthma control was measured using Asthma Control Questionnaire (ACQ). The Rossenstock for Health Belief Model (HBM) was used to guide this study. Descriptive statistic was performed for data analysis.Results : Findings showed that age (p >.05), gender (p >.05), sufficiency of income (p >.05), educational level (p >.05), and occupation (p >.05) were not significantly related to asthma control. There was a significant correlation among perceived susceptibility (p <.05), perceived severity (p <.05), perceived benefit (p <.05), and perceived barrier (p <.05) with asthma control.Conclusion : It is concluded that asthma control of adult asthmatic patients are influenced by their perception of control their asthma. The study suggests that nurses in the community should increase health promotion to change health perceptions to keep asthma control status in adult asthmatic patients.

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Yasuda, Yuichiro, Tatsuya Nagano, Kazuyuki Kobayashi e Yoshihiro Nishimura. "Group 2 Innate Lymphoid Cells and the House Dust Mite-Induced Asthma Mouse Model". Cells 9, n. 5 (9 maggio 2020): 1178. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells9051178.

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Asthma is an important issue not only in health but also in economics worldwide. Therefore, asthma animal models have been frequently used to understand the pathogenesis of asthma. Recently, in addition to acquired immunity, innate immunity has also been thought to be involved in asthma. Among innate immune cells, group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) have been considered to be crucial for eosinophilic airway inflammation by releasing T helper 2 cytokines. Moreover, house dust mites (HDMs) belonging to group 1 act on airway epithelial cells not only as allergens but also as cysteine proteases. The production of interleukin-25 (IL-25), IL-33, and thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) from airway epithelial cells was induced by the protease activity of HDMs. These cytokines activate ILC2s, and activated ILC2s produce IL-5, IL-9, IL-13, and amphiregulin. Hence, the HDM-induced asthma mouse model greatly contributes to understanding asthma pathogenesis. In this review, we highlight the relationship between ILC2s and the HDM in the asthma mouse model to help researchers and clinicians not only choose a proper asthma mouse model but also to understand the molecular mechanisms underlying HDM-induced asthma.

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Wiga, Sandi Alfa. "Development of a Model of Asthma Management in Children Based on Beliefs by Parents in The Concept of The Health Belief Model". Journal of Global Research in Public Health 3, n. 2 (28 dicembre 2018): 84. http://dx.doi.org/10.30994/jgrph.v3i2.61.

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Introduction: Asthma in children causes loss of school days, and also causes growth in children. Parents have a responsibility to manage asthma, they need asthma management education for children who can increase their wisdom in managing it. The research objective was to develop a model of asthma management education in children based on beliefs in the concept of the Health Belief Model. Method: quasi-experimental research with 66 respondents, probability sampling method through simple random sampling. Using 3 HBM model development questionnaires belief, threat and behavior. Statistical analysis : using a paired t-test, Mann Whitney test, linear regression adjusted for each variable studied in developing HBM. Results and Analysis : education on trust (p <0.001), confidence in threats (p = 0.001), threats towards behavior (p <0.001), educational influence on behavior (p <0.001). Discussion and Conclusion: Parents' beliefs about their ability to discuss existing problems are very important to overcome recurrence. Increased confidence in skills, increased satisfaction and self-confidence, with an effective increase in good conditions by children with asthma.

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Pouliot, Philippe, Pierre Camateros, Danuta Radzioch, Bart N. Lambrecht e Martin Olivier. "Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases Regulate Asthma Development in a Murine Asthma Model". Journal of Immunology 182, n. 3 (20 gennaio 2009): 1334–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.182.3.1334.

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Adibi, Amin, Stuart E. Turvey, Tae Yoon Lee, Malcolm R. Sears, Allen B. Becker, Piush J. Mandhane, Theo J. Moraes, Padmaja Subbarao e Mohsen Sadatsafavi. "Development of a conceptual model of childhood asthma to inform asthma prevention policies". BMJ Open Respiratory Research 8, n. 1 (novembre 2021): e000881. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjresp-2021-000881.

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BackgroundThere is no definitive cure for asthma, as prevention remains a major goal. Decision analytic models are routinely used to evaluate the value-for-money proposition of interventions. Following best practice standards in decision-analytic modelling, the objective of this study was to solicit expert opinion to develop a concept map for a policy model for primary prevention of asthma.MethodsWe reviewed currently available decision analytic models for asthma prevention. A steering committee of economic modellers, allergists and respirologists was then convened to draft a conceptual model of paediatric asthma. A modified Delphi method was followed to define the context of the problem at hand (evaluation of asthma prevention strategies) and develop the concept map of the model.ResultsConsensus was achieved after three rounds of discussions, followed by concealed voting. In the final conceptual model, asthma diagnosis was based on three domains of lung function, atopy and their symptoms. The panel recommended several markers for each domain. These domains were in turn affected by several risk factors. The panel clustered all risk factors under three groups of ‘patient characteristic’, ‘family history’ and ‘environmental factors’. To be capable of modelling the interplay among risk factors, the panel recommended the use of microsimulation, with an open-population approach that would enable modelling phased implementation and gradual and incomplete uptake of the intervention.ConclusionsEconomic evaluation of childhood interventions for preventing asthma will require modelling of several codependent risk factors and multiple domains that affect the diagnosis. The conceptual model can inform the development and validation of a policy model for childhood asthma prevention.

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Park, Sang Chul. "Understanding the Mouse Model of Respiratory Allergic Diseases". Korean Journal of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery 65, n. 6 (21 giugno 2022): 309–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.3342/kjorl-hns.2022.00381.

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Respiratory allergic diseases, represented by allergic rhinitis and asthma, show various features due to their complex pathophysiology. Mouse models of respiratory allergic diseases replicate the characteristics of human allergic rhinitis and asthma, including airway inflammation airway hyperresponsiveness. Different phenotypes and immunologic features are shown according to the various strain of mouse; C57BL/6 strain and BALB/c strain are commonly used in allergic rhinitis and asthma. Ovalbumin as well as pathophysiologically relevant allergen, including house dust mite and fungus are generally used. The mouse model protocols usually include allergen sensitization period followed by allergen provocation period. Allergens possibly combined with adjuvant are introduced into mouse via intraperitoneal, subcutaneous, or intranasal route (sensitization period). Then, mouse repetitively inhales allergen by intranasal, intratracheal, or nebulized formation (aerosol), resulting in a robust influx of inflammatory cells in the airways (provocation period). We can evaluate several parameters including nasal rubbing and sneezing count, airway hyperresponsiveness, histological assessment, cellular composition, cytokine expression of nasal and lung tissue, and allergenspecific immunoglobulin of serum. These examinations provide useful information to understand the pathogenesis of allergic rhinitis and asthma and to test the safety and efficacy of new therapeutic agents. The present review analyzes several protocols and considerations as well as similarities and differences of mouse model of allergic rhinitis and asthma in detail.

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Weltman, Joel K. "An Updated Model of Clinical Asthma". Allergy and Asthma Proceedings 22, n. 3 (1 maggio 2001): 149–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.2500/108854101778148791.

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D'Armiento, Jeanine, e Divya Mehra. "Airway resistance in mouse asthma model". American Journal of Physiology-Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology 300, n. 3 (marzo 2011): L507. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajplung.00452.2010.

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Kumar, Rakesh K., e Paul S. Foster. "Murine model of chronic human asthma". Immunology & Cell Biology 79, n. 2 (aprile 2001): 141–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1440-1711.2001.00981.x.

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Mayuzumi, H., Y. Ohki, K. Tokuyama, T. Mizuno, H. Arakawa, H. Mochizuki e A. Morikawa. "A Murine Model Of Childhood Asthma". Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology 119, n. 1 (gennaio 2007): S129. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaci.2006.11.488.

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IRVIN, C. "Sinusitis and asthma: an animal model". Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology 90, n. 3 (settembre 1992): 521–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0091-6749(92)90179-6.

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khan, M. Usman Ali, Zari Salahuddin, Maryam Saqib, M. Yasoob Ali Khan, Muhammad Asif Faheem e Tunseer Ahmed. "Scrutiny of Role of Indolamine Inhibition in Asthma Using Animal Model". Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences 16, n. 3 (31 marzo 2022): 903–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.53350/pjmhs22163903.

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Background: Asthma is a debilitating chronic inflammatory disease of airway with frequent episodes of exacerbations. It confers great burden on health systems due to associated symptoms like cough, wheeze, chest tightness and shortness of breath. We have explored the effect of an important indoleamine inhibitor on important asthmatic parameters in this study. Aim: Exploration of an alternative pathway of indoleamine inhibition for the treatment of asthma in future. Methods: Forty Wester rats were divided into four groups (normal control, disease control, prednisolone treated, methyltryptophan treated) with ten animals each. Blood samples were collected for eosinophil count. PCR was performed for measuring the IL-5 expression of the lung tissue. Results:1MT significantly reduced the eosinophil levels and mRNA expression of IL-5 through indoleamine inhibition. Conclusion: The pathway of indoleamine inhibition has appeared significant for reducing the inflammation and allergic response in asthma. Further exploration of this pathway can open new dynamics for asthma treatment. Keywords: Asthma, indoleamines, cytokines, eosinophils, inflammation

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Pederson, William P., Laurie M. Ellerman, Yan Jin, Haiwei Gu e Julie G. Ledford. "Metabolomic Profiling in Mouse Model of Menopause-Associated Asthma". Metabolites 13, n. 4 (11 aprile 2023): 546. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/metabo13040546.

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Menopause-associated asthma impacts a subset of women, tends to be more severe, and is less responsive to current treatments. We recently developed a model of menopause-associated asthma using 4-Vinylcyclohexene Diepoxide (VCD) and house dust mites (HDM). The goal of this study was to uncover potential biomarkers and drivers of menopause-onset asthma by assessing serum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) samples from mice with and without menopause and HDM challenge by large-scale targeted metabolomics. Female mice were treated with VCD/HDM to model menopause-associated asthma, and serum and BALF samples were processed for large-scale targeted metabolomic assessment. Liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) was used to examine metabolites of potential biological significance. We identified over 50 individual metabolites, impacting 46 metabolic pathways, in the serum and BALF that were significantly different across the four study groups. In particular, glutamate, GABA, phosphocreatine, and pyroglutamic acid, which are involved in glutamate/glutamine, glutathione, and arginine and proline metabolisms, were significantly impacted in the menopausal HDM-challenged mice. Additionally, several metabolites had significant correlations with total airway resistance including glutamic acid, histamine, uridine, cytosine, cytidine, and acetamide. Using metabolic profiling, we identified metabolites and metabolic pathways that may aid in discriminating potential biomarkers for and drivers of menopause-associated asthma.

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Haque, Radiah, Sin-Ban Ho, Ian Chai e Adina Abdullah. "Optimised deep neural network model to predict asthma exacerbation based on personalised weather triggers". F1000Research 10 (10 settembre 2021): 911. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.73026.1.

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Background – Recently, there have been attempts to develop mHealth applications for asthma self-management. However, there is a lack of applications that can offer accurate predictions of asthma exacerbation using the weather triggers and demographic characteristics to give tailored response to users. This paper proposes an optimised Deep Neural Network Regression (DNNR) model to predict asthma exacerbation based on personalised weather triggers. Methods – With the aim of integrating weather, demography, and asthma tracking, an mHealth application was developed where users conduct the Asthma Control Test (ACT) to identify the chances of their asthma exacerbation. The asthma dataset consists of panel data from 10 users that includes 1010 ACT scores as the target output. Moreover, the dataset contains 10 input features which include five weather features (temperature, humidity, air-pressure, UV-index, wind-speed) and five demography features (age, gender, outdoor-job, outdoor-activities, location). Results – Using the DNNR model on the asthma dataset, a score of 0.83 was achieved with Mean Absolute Error (MAE)=1.44 and Mean Squared Error (MSE)=3.62. It was recognised that, for effective asthma self-management, the prediction errors must be in the acceptable loss range (error<0.5). Therefore, an optimisation process was proposed to reduce the error rates and increase the accuracy by applying standardisation and fragmented-grid-search. Consequently, the optimised-DNNR model (with 2 hidden-layers and 50 hidden-nodes) using the Adam optimiser achieved a 94% accuracy with MAE=0.20 and MSE=0.09. Conclusions – This study is the first of its kind that recognises the potentials of DNNR to identify the correlation patterns among asthma, weather, and demographic variables. The optimised-DNNR model provides predictions with a significantly higher accuracy rate than the existing predictive models and using less computing time. Thus, the optimisation process is useful to build an enhanced model that can be integrated into the asthma self-management for mHealth application.

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Namakanova, Olga A., Ekaterina A. Gorshkova, Ruslan V. Zvartsev, Sergei A. Nedospasov, Marina S. Drutskaya e Ekaterina O. Gubernatorova. "Therapeutic Potential of Combining IL-6 and TNF Blockade in a Mouse Model of Allergic Asthma". International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, n. 7 (24 marzo 2022): 3521. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23073521.

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Combined anti-cytokine therapy is a promising therapeutic approach for uncontrolled steroid-resistant asthma. In this regard, simultaneous blockade of IL-4 and IL-13 signaling by Dupilumab (anti-IL-4Ra monoclonal antibody) was recently approved for severe eosinophilic asthma. However, no therapeutic options for neutrophilic asthma are currently available. Recent advances in our understanding of asthma pathogenesis suggest that both IL-6 and TNF may represent potential targets for treatment of severe neutrophilic asthma. Nevertheless, the efficacy of simultaneous pharmacological inhibition of TNF and IL-6 in asthma was not yet studied. To evaluate the potency of combined cytokine inhibition, we simultaneously administrated IL-6 and TNF inhibitors to BALB/c mice with HDM-induced asthma. Combined IL-6/TNF inhibition, but not individual blockade of these two cytokines, led to complex anti-inflammatory effects including reduced Th2-induced eosinophilia and less prominent Th17/Th1-mediated neutrophilic infiltrate in the airways. Taken together, our results provide evidence for therapeutic potential of combined IL-6/TNF inhibition in severe steroid-resistant asthma.

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Mundo-Franco, Zayra, Julieta Luna-Herrera, Jorge Ismael Castañeda-Sánchez, José Iván Serrano-Contreras, Plácido Rojas-Franco, Vanessa Blas-Valdivia, Margarita Franco-Colín e Edgar Cano-Europa. "C-Phycocyanin Prevents Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, and Lung Remodeling in an Ovalbumin-Induced Rat Asthma Model". International Journal of Molecular Sciences 25, n. 13 (27 giugno 2024): 7031. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms25137031.

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Asthma is a chronic immunological disease related to oxidative stress and chronic inflammation; both processes promote airway remodeling with collagen deposition and matrix thickening, causing pulmonary damage and lost function. This study investigates the immunomodulation of C-phycocyanin (CPC), a natural blue pigment purified from cyanobacteria, as a potential alternative treatment to prevent the remodeling process against asthma. We conducted experiments using ovalbumin (OVA) to induce asthma in Sprague Dawley rats. Animals were divided into five groups: (1) sham + vehicle, (2) sham + CPC, (3) asthma + vehicle, (4) asthma + CPC, and (5) asthma + methylprednisolone (MP). Our findings reveal that asthma promotes hypoxemia, leukocytosis, and pulmonary myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity by increasing lipid peroxidation, reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, inflammation associated with Th2 response, and airway remodeling in the lungs. CPC and MP treatment partially prevented these physiological processes with similar action on the biomarkers evaluated. In conclusion, CPC treatment enhanced the antioxidant defense system, thereby preventing oxidative stress and reducing airway inflammation by regulating pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines, consequently avoiding asthma-induced airway remodeling.

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Nies, Mary A., Joan T. Bickes, Stephanie Myers Schim e Amy L. Johnson. "Model For Community Health Nursing Care: Application To An Integrated Asthma Intervention Program". Journal of School Nursing 18, n. 2 (aprile 2002): 74–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/10598405020180020301.

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The article describes the use of a model for community health nursing care applied to an integrated asthma intervention program in an inner-city context. Asthma is a chronic childhood disease with broad physical, social, and economic impact on children, families, and communities. Despite recent advances in asthma understanding and treatment, morbidity and mortality continue to rise. This model suggests ways to combine individual, family, school, and community interventions to enhance coordination and increase the impact of services. It outlines needs and opportunities for collegial collaboration between professional nurses in varied practice settings. Application of the model to the management of asthma in the urban setting demonstrates the potential to produce significant improvement in the management of conditions such as asthma and highlights the key role that school nurses play.

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Peters, Karin, Stefanie Ernst e Marcus Peters. "Interaction of Interleukin-17A with a Th2 Response in a Mouse Model of Allergic Airway Inflammation". Cells 12, n. 13 (4 luglio 2023): 1774. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells12131774.

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Background: A total of 262 million people worldwide suffer from asthma and 461000 people died from it in 2019. Asthma is a disease with different endotypes defined by the granulocytes found in the asthmatic lung. In allergic asthma, the eosinophilic endotype is present, driven by a TH2 response. A TH17 immune response leads to the neutrophil endotype. This often causes uncontrolled asthma and is triggered by pollutants, microbes, and oxidative stress. It has been described that a significant number of patients with eosinophilic asthma develop mixed granulocytic asthma over time. The severity of asthma in the mixed endotype is related to the proportion of neutrophils in the lungs. Purpose: In this report, we address the question of how a TH2 response interacts with IL-17A in allergic asthma. Methods: To this end, we used a mouse model to induce allergic asthma followed by an aerosol challenge with ovalbumin. To investigate the role of IL-17A, we administered IL-17A intranasally during the challenge phase. Results: IL-17A alone did not elicit an immune response, whereas in combination with allergic asthma, it resulted in a shift of the asthmatic endotype from eosinophilic to neutrophilic. TGFβ1 was increased in these lungs compared to asthmatic lungs without IL-17A, as was the expression of the IL-17A receptor subunits IL-17RA and IL-17RC. In cultures with human cells, we also found that IL-17A increased the expression of its receptors only in combination with IL-13. We also found this effect for IL-8, which attracts neutrophils in humans. Conclusions: The TH2 response increased the sensitivity to IL-17A in a mouse asthma model as well as in human cell lines.

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Clemeno, Franz Aaron Apritado, Eleanor Quek, Matthew Richardson e Salman Siddiqui. "Multivariate time series approaches to extract predictive asthma biomarkers from prospectively patient-collected diary data: a systematic review". BMJ Open 14, n. 8 (agosto 2024): e079338. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2023-079338.

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ObjectivesLongitudinal data are common in asthma studies, to assess asthma progression in patients and identify predictors of future outcomes, including asthma exacerbations and asthma control. Different methods can quantify temporal behaviour in prospective patient-collected diary variables to obtain predictive biomarkers of asthma outcomes. The aims of this systematic review were to evaluate methods for extracting biomarkers from longitudinally collected diary data in asthma and investigate associations between them and patient-reported outcomes (PROs) of patients with asthma.DesignSystematic review and narrative synthesis.Data sourcesMEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL and the Cochrane Library were searched for studies published between January 2000 and July 2023.Eligibility criteriaIncluded studies generated biomarkers from prospective patient-collected peak expiratory flow, symptom scores, reliever use and nocturnal awakenings, and evaluated their associations with asthma PROs, namely asthma exacerbations, asthma control, asthma-related quality of life and asthma severity.Data extraction and synthesisTwo independent reviewers used standardised methods to screen and extract data from included studies. Study quality and risk of bias were assessed using the Transparent Reporting of a multivariable prediction model for Individual Prognosis Or Diagnosis (TRIPOD) and the Prediction model Risk Of Bias ASessment Tool (PROBAST), respectively.Results24 full-text articles met the inclusion criteria and were included in the review. Generally, higher levels of variability in the diary variables were associated with poorer outcomes, especially increased asthma exacerbation risk, and poor asthma control. There was increasing interest in non-parametric methods to quantify complex behaviour of diary variables (6/24). TRIPOD and PROBAST highlighted a lack of consistent reporting of model performance measures and potential for model bias.ConclusionProspectively patient-collected diary variables aid in generating asthma assessment tools, including surrogate endpoints, for clinical trials and predictive biomarkers of adverse outcomes, warranting remote monitoring. Studies consistently lacked robust reporting of model performance. Future research should use diary variable-derived biomarkers.

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Mersal, Fathia, e Samah El-Awady. "Evaluation of bronchial asthma educational package on asthma self-management among school age children based on Orem’s self-care model in Zagazig city". International Journal of Advanced Nursing Studies 7, n. 1 (21 dicembre 2017): 8. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijans.v7i1.8648.

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Background: Asthma is the widespread health problem and most common chronic disease among children. Developing self-care skills related to children with asthma forms a basis for nursing care. Orem’s self-care model is one of the most comprehensive self-care theories that provide a good clinical guide for planning and implementing the principles of good self-care.The Aim of this study: was to determine the effect of asthma educational package based on Orem’s self-care model on the development of self-care activities of children with asthma.Subjects and Methods: a quasi-experimental study conducted on a purposive sample of 106 children with bronchial asthma in pediatric outpatient clinic at Zagazig University hospital. The research tools used in this study were demographic characteristics of studied children. Asthma triggers inventory, asthma knowledge questionnaire, asthma self-management questionnaire, asthma Self-Efficacy regarding self-management of asthma, medication adherence, and inhaler technique observation checklist and health instruction guidelines.Results: the results showed that after the training intervention self-efficacy, asthma management, adherence of asthmatic children to medications were significantly increased (p > 000). The study findings concluded that the asthma education program improved all aspects of self-efficacy and activities of asthma management after program implementation.Conclusion: the educational program based on Orem’s self-care model successfully improves the performance of inhaler use. The study indicates that self-care activities were efficient among children with asthma after implementation of program.Recommendations: it suggested to conduct Orem’s self-care model for children with bronchial asthma and to replicate the study in many settings to support its effectiveness.

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Huang, Xinqi. "Establishment of a predictive model on asthma diagnosis using environmental and allergy factors". Theoretical and Natural Science 50, n. 1 (15 novembre 2024): 68–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.54254/2753-8818/50/2024au0143.

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Abstract. Asthma, being a leading chronic disease globally, involves molecular mechanisms that are quite complex to facilitate easy diagnosismore especially in the presence of environmental factors, which play an underrecognized role. The current study intends to assess the relationship shared by four allergy risk factors (pollution, pollen, dust, and pets) with the development of asthma. Logistic regression and random forest models were developed using data available from the "Asthma Disease Dataset" sourced from Kaggle to determine the predictive power of these factors. The SMOTETomek technique was applied for data preprocessing due to class imbalance; while relationships and model performance were assessed using the Pearson correlation matrix, box-and-whisker plots, and confusion matrices. Results indicated that pollen exposure is highly predictive of asthma. Dust and pet allergies are negatively associated with an asthma diagnosis. Pollution exposure does not indicate a clear link to asthma. The logistic regression model was less accurate in distinguishing between classes than the random forest model. Therefore, based on accuracy and class distinguishability, the random forest model outperformed logistic regression. These findings contribute to the understanding of environmental and allergy factors in asthma development and underline the feature of such an aspect in predictive modeling. Longitudinal data should be the focus of future studies, along with more objective measures to ensure enhanced reliability for these models.

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Arcoleo, Kimberly, Flavio Marsiglia, Denise Serebrisky, Juliana Rodriguez, Colleen Mcgovern e Jonathan Feldman. "Explanatory Model for Asthma Disparities in Latino Children: Results from the Latino Childhood Asthma Project". Annals of Behavioral Medicine 54, n. 4 (4 ottobre 2019): 223–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/abm/kaz041.

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Abstract Background Little research has been conducted that integrates, in one explanatory model, the multitude of factors potentially leading to disparities among Latino children. Purpose A longitudinal, observational study tested an explanatory model for disparities in asthma control between Mexican and Puerto Rican children with persistent asthma requiring daily controller medication use. Methods Mexican and Puerto Rican children aged 5–12 years (n = 267) and their caregivers (n = 267) were enrolled and completed interviews and child spirometry at baseline and 3, 6, 9, and 12 months postenrollment. A 12 month retrospective children’s medical record review was completed. Participants were recruited from two school-based health clinics and the Breathmobile in Phoenix, AZ, and two inner-city hospital asthma clinics in the Bronx, NY. Results Statistically significant differences in the social/contextual predictors of asthma illness representations (IRs) were noted between Mexican and Puerto Rican caregivers. The structural equation model results revealed differences in asthma control over time by ethnicity. This model accounted for 40%-48% of the variance in asthma control test scores over 12 months. Caregivers’ IRs aligned with the professional model of asthma management were associated with better children’s asthma control across 1 year. These results also supported the theoretical notion that IRs change over time impacting caregivers’ treatment decisions and children’s asthma control. Conclusions These findings extend a previous cross-sectional model test using a more comprehensive model and longitudinal data and highlight the importance of considering within-group differences for diagnosis and treatment of children coming from the vastly heterogeneous Latino umbrella group. Trial Registration Trial number NCT 01099800

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Frey, Urs. "Predicting asthma control and exacerbations: chronic asthma as a complex dynamic model". Current Opinion in Allergy and Clinical Immunology 7, n. 3 (giugno 2007): 223–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/aci.0b013e32810fd771.

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Chiarella, Sergio E., Lyda Cuervo-Pardo, Mackenzie E. Coden, Ton C. Doan, Raul I. Rodriguez, Brian M. Jeong e Sergejs Berdnikovs. "A Murine Model Of Asthma That Replicates The Human Asthma Puberty Switch". Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology 143, n. 2 (febbraio 2019): AB6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaci.2018.12.020.

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Mackle, Ryan, Carmen Crespo Gonzalez, Mei Chan, Michael Hodgins, Nan Hu, Blake Angell, Louisa Owens et al. "Asthma Care from Home: Study protocol for an effectiveness-implementation evaluation of a virtually enabled asthma care initiative in children in rural NSW". PLOS ONE 19, n. 6 (13 giugno 2024): e0304711. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0304711.

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Background Asthma is the leading source of unscheduled hospitalisation in Australian children, with a high burden placed upon children, their parents/families, and the healthcare system. In Australia, there are widening disparities in paediatric asthma care including inequitable access to comprehensive ongoing and planned asthma care for children. Methods The Asthma Care from Home Project is a comprehensive virtually enabled asthma model of care that aims to a. supports families, communities and healthcare providers, b. flexible and locally acceptable, and c. allow for adoption of innovations such as digital technologies so that asthma care can be provided “from home”, reduce potentially preventable asthma hospitalisation, and ensure satisfaction at a patient, family, and healthcare provider level. The model of care includes standardisation of discharge care through provision of an asthma discharge resource pack containing individual asthma action plan, follow-up letters for the child’s general practitioner (GP) and school/child care, and access to online asthma educational sessions and resource; post-discharge care coordination through text message reminders for families for regular GP review, email correspondence with their child’s GP and school/childcare; and virtual home visits to discuss home environmental triggers, provide personalised asthma education and respond to parental concerns relating to their child’s asthma. This study is comprised of three components: 1) a quasi-experimental pre/post impact evaluation assessing the impact of the model on healthcare utilisation and asthma control measures; 2) a mixed-methods implementation evaluation to understand how and why our intervention was effective or ineffective in producing systems change; 3) an economic evaluation to assess the cost-effectiveness of the proposed model of care from a family and health services perspective. Discussion This study aims to improve access to asthma care for children in rural and remote areas. Implementation evaluation and economic evaluation will provide insights into the sustainability and scalability of the asthma model of care.

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Nau, Felix, Justin Miller, Jordy Saravia, Terry Ahlert, Bangning Yu, Kyle I. Happel, Stephania A. Cormier e Charles D. Nichols. "Serotonin 5-HT2receptor activation prevents allergic asthma in a mouse model". American Journal of Physiology-Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology 308, n. 2 (15 gennaio 2015): L191—L198. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajplung.00138.2013.

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Asthma is an inflammatory disease of the lung characterized by airways hyper-responsiveness (AHR), inflammation, and mucus hyperproduction. Current mainstream therapies include bronchodilators that relieve bronchoconstriction and inhaled glucocorticoids to reduce inflammation. The small molecule hormone and neurotransmitter serotonin has long been known to be involved in inflammatory processes; however, its precise role in asthma is unknown. We have previously established that activation of serotonin 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT)2Areceptors has potent anti-inflammatory activity in primary cultures of vascular tissues and in the whole animal in vasculature and gut tissues. The 5-HT2Areceptor agonist, ( R)-2,5-dimethoxy-4-iodoamphetamine [( R)-DOI] is especially potent. In this work, we have examined the effect of ( R)-DOI in an established mouse model of allergic asthma. In the ovalbumin mouse model of allergic inflammation, we demonstrate that inhalation of ( R)-DOI prevents the development of many key features of allergic asthma, including AHR, mucus hyperproduction, airways inflammation, and pulmonary eosinophil recruitment. Our results highlight a likely role of the 5-HT2receptors in allergic airways disease and suggest that 5-HT2receptor agonists may represent an effective and novel small molecule-based therapy for asthma.

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Babayeva, M. E., K. К. Tabynov, Т. T. Nurpeisov e K. Tabynov. "ӘРТҮРЛІ ЗЕРТХАНАЛЫҚ ЖАНУАРЛАР МОДЕЛІНДЕГІ ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛДЫ БРОНХИАЛДЫ ДЕМІКПЕ". Vestnik, n. 1(64) (14 aprile 2023): 144–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.53065/q1041-1117-8851-b.

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The study of the mechanisms of allergic inflammation and airway hyper-responsiveness underlying bronchial asthma in animal experiments allows a deeper understanding of the mechanisms of these processes in humans. Therefore, experimental animals are widely used to study the physiology and pathophysiology of the respiratory tract, as well as research on the search for improved methods of treatment. In connection with this, today the relevance of this kind of work increases again due to the need to find pathogenetically justified methods of treatment of bronchial asthma. In order to work on the development of a new formulation of allergy vaccine for subcutaneous allergen-specific immunotherapy, it is necessary to correctly determine the type of animal to model experimental bronchial asthma. For this purpose, a systematic search of scientific information was carried out about the specifics of modeling experimental bronchial asthma on different types of laboratory animals. To compile this review, a comprehensive search was conducted for publications in electronic databases: Pubmed, Scopus, Google Scholar, eLibrary. A number of experimental models of asthma in animals are described in the literature, which are used to study various aspects of pathogenesis and to test new ways of treating bronchial asthma. At the same time, each model has certain features that limit the scope of its use. Among large animals, rabbits, rhesus macaques, cats, dogs, horses, and sheep have been used to study allergies, since they are predisposed to develop allergic responses to antigens clinically relevant to humans. But most often mice and rats are used in modeling of the bronchial asthma. But every model has their own specific applications. This article describes the features of using different types of laboratory animals in modeling bronchial asthma. Аллергиялық қабыну механизмдерін және бронхиалды демікпе негізіндегі тыныс алу жолдарының гиперреактивтілігін жануарларда жүргізілген экспериментте зерттеу арқылы адамдардағы осы процестердің механизмдерін тереңірек түсінуге мүмкіндік береді. Сондықтан да эксперименталды жануарлар тыныс алу жолдарының физиологиясы мен патофизиологиясын зерттеу үшін, сондай-ақ жетілдірілген емдеу әдістерін іздеу үшін кеңінен қолданылады. Ірі жануарлардың арасында аллергияны зерттеу үшін қояндар, резус макакалары, мысықтар, иттер, жылқылар мен қойлар пайдаланылды, өйткені олар адамдар үшін клиникалық маңызды антигендерге аллергиялық реакциялардың дамуына бейім. Бірақ көбінесе бронх демікпесін модельдеу кезінде тышқандар мен егеуқұйрықтар қолданылады. Бірақ әрбір лабораторлық жануардың бронх демікпесін модельдеуде өз қолдану ерекшеліктері де бар. Бұл мақалада бронхиалды демікпені модельдеу кезіндегі зертханалық жануарлардың әртүрлі түрлерін қолдану ерекшеліктері сипатталған. Изучение механизмов аллергического воспаления и гиперреактивности дыхательных путей, лежащих в основе бронхиальной астмы, в эксперименте на животных позволяет глубже понять механизмы этих процессов у человека. Поэтому экспериментальные животные широко используются для изучения физиологии и патофизиологии дыхательных путей, а также исследование по поиску усовершенственных методов лечения. Связи с этим, на сегодняшний день актуальность такого рода работ вновь возрастает в связи с необходимостью поиска патогенетически обоснованных методов лечения бронхиальной астмы. Среди крупных животных для изучения аллергии использовались кролики, резус-макаки, кошки, собаки, лошади и овцы, так как они имеют предрасположенность к развитию аллергических ответов на антигены, клинически значимые для человека. Но чаще всего при моделировании бронхиальной астмы используются мыши и крысы. Важно помнить, что каждая модель имеет свои особенности применения при моделировании бронхиальной астмы. В данной статье описаны особенности использования разных видов лабораторных животных при моделировании бронхиальной астмы.

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Fulkerson, P. C., M. E. Rothenberg e S. P. Hogan. "Building a better mouse model: experimental models of chronic asthma". Clinical Experimental Allergy 35, n. 10 (ottobre 2005): 1251–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2222.2005.02354.x.

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Du, Chunhua, Qi Zhang, Lina Wang, Mei Wang, Jinfeng Li e Qian Zhao. "Effect of Montelukast Sodium and Graphene Oxide Nanomaterials on Mouse Asthma Model". Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology 21, n. 2 (1 febbraio 2021): 1161–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jnn.2021.18705.

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Because some asthma patients have different types of inflammatory cells in their bodies, they cannot get relief with traditional drugs. However, the nano drug delivery system can realize efficient drug delivery, inflammatory cells and intracellular targeting, and the apoptosis of inflammatory cells. This article aims to comprehensively evaluate the effects of montelukast sodium combined with graphene oxide nanomaterials on improving the clinical symptoms and airway inflammation of children with bronchial asthma, with a view to further improving the clinical treatment of children with bronchial asthma. The results show that montelukast sodium can improve lung function in patients with asthma, and also has important effects such as anti-inflammatory and regulating immune function. After exposure to graphene oxide, the level of oxidative stress in mice increased with brightness and humidity, demonstrating the role of T oxidative stress in the development of asthma. In addition, nanocarriers assist co-loaded drugs to deepen and enrich the pulmonary inflammation site, further achieving effective mitochondrial targeted drug delivery, thereby enhancing the inhibitory effect of anti-apoptotic proteins, leading to inflammatory cell apoptosis.

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Luo, Gang, Michael D. Johnson, Flory L. Nkoy, Shan He e Bryan L. Stone. "Automatically Explaining Machine Learning Prediction Results on Asthma Hospital Visits in Patients With Asthma: Secondary Analysis". JMIR Medical Informatics 8, n. 12 (31 dicembre 2020): e21965. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/21965.

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Background Asthma is a major chronic disease that poses a heavy burden on health care. To facilitate the allocation of care management resources aimed at improving outcomes for high-risk patients with asthma, we recently built a machine learning model to predict asthma hospital visits in the subsequent year in patients with asthma. Our model is more accurate than previous models. However, like most machine learning models, it offers no explanation of its prediction results. This creates a barrier for use in care management, where interpretability is desired. Objective This study aims to develop a method to automatically explain the prediction results of the model and recommend tailored interventions without lowering the performance measures of the model. Methods Our data were imbalanced, with only a small portion of data instances linking to future asthma hospital visits. To handle imbalanced data, we extended our previous method of automatically offering rule-formed explanations for the prediction results of any machine learning model on tabular data without lowering the model’s performance measures. In a secondary analysis of the 334,564 data instances from Intermountain Healthcare between 2005 and 2018 used to form our model, we employed the extended method to automatically explain the prediction results of our model and recommend tailored interventions. The patient cohort consisted of all patients with asthma who received care at Intermountain Healthcare between 2005 and 2018, and resided in Utah or Idaho as recorded at the visit. Results Our method explained the prediction results for 89.7% (391/436) of the patients with asthma who, per our model’s correct prediction, were likely to incur asthma hospital visits in the subsequent year. Conclusions This study is the first to demonstrate the feasibility of automatically offering rule-formed explanations for the prediction results of any machine learning model on imbalanced tabular data without lowering the performance measures of the model. After further improvement, our asthma outcome prediction model coupled with the automatic explanation function could be used by clinicians to guide the allocation of limited asthma care management resources and the identification of appropriate interventions.

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Wahyuni, Arlinda Sari, Rozaimah Zain Hamid, Tamsil Syafiuddin, Adang Bachtiar, Sake Juli Martina e Rina Amelia. "A model confirmatory of adherence behavior with standard medication treatment among patients with asthma in Medan-Indonesia". MATEC Web of Conferences 197 (2018): 07006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201819707006.

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Asthma problems are often linked to treatment management factors which include the non-maximal behavior of the patients and doctors. The adherence concept emphasizes a strong commitment between physicians and patients to achieve maximum behavior towards the treatment. This study aimed to construct a model of adherence to treatment of patients with asthma and also aimed to set a valid and reliable adherence measurement tool that might be applied to patients with asthma, particularly those who live in Medan-Indonesia.The study was quantitative research employed a cross sectional approach. The samples were 200 adult patients with asthma who receive standard asthma medications, patients with the stable condition and do not suffer from severe asthma or other comorbidities. The study performed a consecutive sampling of the technique which was obtained from physician's data (general/lung specialist). Data were analyzed by performing confirmatory analysis through Structural Equation Modelling analysis. The study produced a measurement model of asthma patients' adherence to the treatment among those who live in Medan. The study found that the asthma patients who live in Medan have good psychometric value (valid, reliable and fit to model): adherence I (beliefs, knowledge, and attitudes), adherence II (doctor-patient communication, actions, family support).

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Shilovskiy, I. P., V. I. Kovchina, L. I. Vishniakova, E. D. Barvinskaya, S. I. Bolotova, K. V. Yumashev e M. R. Khaitov. "A Model of Neutrophilic Bronchial Asthma in Mice as a Tool for Testing Personalized Drugs". Biotekhnologiya 36, n. 4 (2020): 80–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.21519/0234-2758-2020-36-4-80-86.

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Bronchial asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease of the respiratory tract characterized by reversible bronchial obstruction and bronchial hyperreactivity. The neutrophilic endotype of bronchial asthma is associated with an aggressive course of the disease, severe tissue destruction and a low response to standard corticosteroid therapy. All of the above indicates the need to create new drugs for the treatment of neutrophilic asthma, which requires adequate animal models of this disease. We have proposed a protocol for the induction of experimental neutrophilic bronchial asthma in mice, which includes intraperitoneal immunization with a mixture of a model allergen of ovalbumin and Freund's adjuvant followed by aerosol challenge with the same allergen mixed with the lipopolysaccharide. This approach made it possible to reproduce the main manifestations of neutrophilic bronchial asthma: the production of IgE allergen-specific antibodies, the development of bronchial hyperreactivity, respiratory tract remodeling and the lung tissue infiltration with neutrophils. bronchial asthma, murine model, neutrophils The work was supported by the Grant of the President of the Russian Federation (no. MD-1578.2019.4).

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Udayani, Wiwik, Muhammad Amin e Makhfudli Makhfudli. "PENGARUH KOMBINASI TEKNIK PERNAPASAN BUTEYKO DAN LATIHAN BERJALAN TERHADAP KONTROL ASMA PADA PASIEN ASMA DEWASA". Jurnal Ilmiah Keperawatan (Scientific Journal of Nursing) 6, n. 1 (30 marzo 2020): 6–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.33023/jikep.v6i1.331.

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ABSTRACT Introduction: Poor control of asthma can reduce the quality of life of asthma patients. Doing breathing exercises and regular physical exercise can increase asthma control. Exercises that can be done are a combination of Buteyko breathing techniques and walking exercises. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of a combination of Buteyko breathing techniques and walking exercises on athma control. Methods: The design of this study was quasi experimental with pretest-posttest control group design. The location of the study was in the pulmonary clinic of Regional General Hospital of Sidoarjo Regency and Bangil Regional General Hospital in Pasuruan Regency, East Java. Respondents were selected by randomization by simple random sampling. Respondents in this study amounted to 76 respondents. Asthma control were measured using Asthma Control Test. The intervention group was given a combination exercise with Buteyko breathing technique and walking exercise for 8 weeks, 3x per week, 55 minutes every training session. Giving a combination of Buteyko breathing technique and walking exercises using module and video media. Asthma control measurements were carried out 3 times (pre test, week 4, week 8). Data were analyzed using SPSS 22 with GLM-RM (General Linear Model-Repeated Measure) ANOVA. Result: The research results showed a significant difference in the astma control value between before and after 4 weeks and 8 weeks of the intervention in the treatment group with p = 0.000(p <0.05). Discussion:The combination of Buteyko breathing techniques and walking exercise increase asthma control through the mechanism of increasing CO2 and producing nitric oxide which has bronchodilation effects and through decreasing inflammatory mediators so that it can reduce asthma symptoms. This exercise can be used as an alternative choice in supporting pharmacological therapy to improve asthma control.

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Zhang, Weixi, Xueya Zhang, Anqun Sheng, Cuiye Weng, Tingting Zhu, Wei Zhao e Changchong Li. "γ-Secretase Inhibitor Alleviates Acute Airway Inflammation of Allergic Asthma in Mice by Downregulating Th17 Cell Differentiation". Mediators of Inflammation 2015 (2015): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/258168.

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Abstract (sommario):

T helper 17 (Th17) cells play an important role in the pathogenesis of allergic asthma. Th17 cell differentiation requires Notch signaling.γ-Secretase inhibitor (GSI) blocks Notch signaling; thus, it may be considered as a potential treatment for allergic asthma. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of GSI on Th17 cell differentiation in a mouse model of allergic asthma. OVA was used to induce mouse asthma model in the presence and absence of GSI. GSI ameliorated the development of OVA-induced asthma, including suppressing airway inflammation responses and reducing the severity of clinical signs. GSI also significantly suppressed Th17-cell responses in spleen and reduced IL-17 levels in serum. These findings suggest that GSI directly regulates Th17 responses through a Notch signaling-dependent pathway in mouse model of allergic asthma, supporting the notion that GSI is a potential therapeutic agent for the treatment of allergic asthma.

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Kline, Joel N., Thomas J. Waldschmidt, Thomas R. Businga, Jennifer E. Lemish, Joel V. Weinstock, Peter S. Thorne e Arthur M. Krieg. "Cutting Edge: Modulation of Airway Inflammation by CpG Oligodeoxynucleotides in a Murine Model of Asthma". Journal of Immunology 160, n. 6 (15 marzo 1998): 2555–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.160.6.2555.

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Abstract Asthma has been increasing in industrialized countries. Evidence suggests that asthma is caused by a Th2 immune response to inhaled environmental Ags and that childhood infections protect against this. We have shown that bacterial DNA contains motifs, centered on unmethylated CpG dinucleotides, which induce Th1-type responses. We hypothesized that the Th1 effect of these CpG motifs may oppose the Th2 type allergic response and suggest that this may account for the protective effect of childhood infection against asthma. We examined the effects of CpG-motif oligodeoxynucleotides (CpG ODN) in a murine model of asthma. Airway eosinophilia, Th2 cytokine induction, IgE production, and bronchial hyperreactivity were prevented by coadministration of CpG ODN with the Ag. Significantly, in a previously sensitized mouse, CpG ODN can prevent allergen-induced airway inflammation. These studies suggest that exposure to CpG DNA may protect against asthma.

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50

Alharris, Esraah Sattar, Hasan F. Alghetaa, Philip Brandon Busbee, Mitzi Nagarkatti e Prakash Nagarkatti. "Resveratrol improves a murine model of asthma through alterations in the gut microbiome". Journal of Immunology 198, n. 1_Supplement (1 maggio 2017): 53.17. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.198.supp.53.17.

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Abstract (sommario):

Abstract Asthma is a condition characterized by bronchial spasms, inflammation, and mucous hypersecretion which leads to difficulties in respiration. Asthmatic patients are usually presented with recurrent attacks of coughing, wheezing, and shortness of breath which could be life-threatening. More than three million cases of asthma in the United States are diagnosed annually. Resveratrol, a polyphenolic stilbene, is known to be useful in controlling asthmatic attacks via different molecular mechanisms within the lung epithelium and infiltrating immune cells. However, few studies mentioned the effect of resveratrol on the microbiome in ovalbumin-induced asthma mouse model. In this study, we induce asthma in BALB/c mice by injecting ovalbumin (OVA) with aluminum hydroxide intraperitoneally followed by 7 days treatment with resveratrol (100mg/kg) by oral gavage. Intranasal ovalbumin was given on day 8 to induce asthma followed by 7 more days of treatment with resveratrol. We performed 16S rRNA microbial analysis on cecal flushes between disease and treatment groups, noting changes in microbial diversity among disease and treated groups. Specifically, we identified alterations in gut microbial composition, which included significantly higher levels of Prevotella in the disease groups, which was reduced upon treatment with resveratrol. In addition, Bacteroides acidifaciens species were significantly lower in the asthma-induced mice and significantly increased in resveratrol treated. Supported in part by NIH grants P01AT003961, R01AT006888, R01ES019313, R01MH094755, P20GM103641, MoHESR and R01AI129788

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