Articoli di riviste: "Asian tiger mosquito"

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Benelli, Giovanni, André B. B. Wilke e John C. Beier. "Aedes albopictus (Asian Tiger Mosquito)". Trends in Parasitology 36, n. 11 (novembre 2020): 942–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pt.2020.01.001.

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Bhaumik, S. "Aggressive Asian tiger mosquito invades Europe". Canadian Medical Association Journal 185, n. 10 (21 maggio 2013): E463—E464. http://dx.doi.org/10.1503/cmaj.109-4462.

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Wymann, M. N., E. Flacio, S. Radczuweit, N. Patocchi e P. Lüthy. "Asian tiger mosquito (Aedes albopictus) - a threat for Switzerland?" Eurosurveillance 13, n. 10 (6 marzo 2008): 3–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.2807/ese.13.10.08058-en.

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The Asian tiger mosquito, Aedes albopictus (Stegomya albopicta) originating from south-east Asia, has spread primarily by the trade of used tyres to the United States, Europe, Latin America and Africa [1]. In Italy, the mosquito species was first detected in Genoa in 1990 and has since spread to several parts of the country, including border areas with Switzerland [2]. In 2000, an active monitoring system was established in southern Switzerland. The first tiger mosquito was detected in the canton of Ticino in 2003 [3]. Monitoring was gradually intensified due to growing mosquito densities in northern Italy. As the long-distance migration of Ae. albopictus depends on passive transport, the monitoring system consisted of strategically positioned oviposition traps along main traffic axes, including parking lots within industrial complexes, border crossings and shopping centres. In 2007, this monitoring system consisted of over 70 checkpoints with a total of 300 traps. Bi-weekly control visits to all traps were conducted between April and November 2007. As soon as eggs were detected, the surrounding vegetation within a perimeter of about 100 metres was sprayed with permethrin against adult mosquitoes. Stagnant water was treated with Bacillus thuringiensis and in some cases with diflubenzuron to control the larval stages.

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Muja-Bajraktari, Nesade, Përparim Kadriaj, Ferdije Zhushi-Etemi, Kurtesh Sherifi, Bulent Alten, Dusan Petrić, Enkelejda Velo e Francis Schaffner. "The Asian tiger mosquito Aedes albopictus (Skuse) in Kosovo: First record". PLOS ONE 17, n. 3 (15 marzo 2022): e0264300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0264300.

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The Asian tiger mosquito, Aedes albopictus, is an invasive mosquito species that is considered a potential vector of about 22 arboviruses, among which dengue, chikungunya and Zika. Here we report the first record of Aedes albopictus in the territory of the Republic of Kosovo. The first finding, in July 2020, was driven by a photo of an adult mosquito published by a citizen in social media. The subsequent field investigation in July 2020 confirmed the presence of adult mosquitoes by human landing catch and collection of eggs in ovitraps at the village Zhur. Monitoring was performed for 7 weeks with ovitraps and BG-Sentinel adult traps at 36 sampling stations from 7 localities, in the Southern part of Kosovo, on the border with Albania. Fifty-two out of 81 ovitrap samples resulted positive for the presence of Ae. albopictus. A total of 2,711 eggs are collected in 22 out 36 stations and a total of 78 adults from 4 out 4 stations with BG Sentinel trap and 15 adults with handled electric aspirator. Our finding shows that the tiger mosquito is expanding its geographical range in the Balkans, southeastern Europe.

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Cvetkovikj, Aleksandar, Igor Djadjovski, Kiril Krstevski, Zagorka Popova, Ljubica Rashikj, Kristina Atanasova, Iskra Cvetkovikj e Jovana Stefanovska. "New Records of the Asian Tiger Mosquito (Aedes albopictus) in North Macedonia". Macedonian Veterinary Review 43, n. 2 (1 ottobre 2020): 125–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/macvetrev-2020-0025.

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AbstractAedes albopictus is an invasive mosquito species spreading throughout Europe and its presence in North Macedonia was recorded in 2016. Following the first detection in September 2018, we conducted a two-week mosquito monitoring by ovitraps in order to determine if there were established populations of Aedes albopictus in Skopje, the capital of North Macedonia. Ninety-four Ae. albopictus eggs (0 to 18 eggs per ovitrap per week) were collected from 7 (14%) ovitraps in 3 (30%) municipalities. Thirty-eight eggs (40.4%) successfully hatched and the adult mosquitoes were identified by morphology and PCR. No other potentially invasive species were identified during the monitoring period. Ae. albopictus distribution is expanding and poses a risk for an Aedes-borne disease transmission in North Macedonia. The available data highlight the need for a regular monitoring for tiger mosquitoes to plan adequate control measures.

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Unlu, Isik, Ilia Rochlin, Devi S. Suman, Yi Wang, Kshitij Chandel e Randy Gaugler. "Large-Scale Operational Pyriproxyfen Autodissemination Deployment to Suppress the Immature Asian Tiger Mosquito (Diptera: Culicidae) Populations". Journal of Medical Entomology 57, n. 4 (1 febbraio 2020): 1120–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jme/tjaa011.

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Abstract Effective suppression of container-inhabiting Asian Tiger [Aedes albopictus (Skuse)] (Diptera: Culicidae) and yellow fever [Aedes aegypti (L.)] (Diptera: Culicidae) mosquitoes presents one of the most intractable problems for modern mosquito control. Traditional tools often fail to control populations of these mosquito species, and are prohibitively expensive or have negative environmental impacts. Novel approaches and tools are urgently needed for integrated container-inhabiting mosquito management programs. One of the most promising techniques is autodissemination. We present the results of a long-term large-scale study conducted in a temperate urbanized environment representing typical Ae. albopictus habitats. Three treatment sites with autodissemination stations and three nearby reference sites were monitored for eggs, immature, and adult mosquitoes over a period of 3 yr from 2014 to 2016. Elevated larval and pupal mortality of 12–19% on average was the most notable outcome in sentinel cups of the treatment sites. The number of eggs in the treatment sites was significantly reduced in 2014, but not in 2015 or 2016. Adult populations remained similar in treatment and reference sites throughout the study. The impact of autodissemination on mosquito populations was lower than reported by previous investigations. Technical and logistical problems associated with wider coverage and working in multiple urban neighborhoods contributed to reduced efficacy. Incorporating autodissemination with routine mosquito control operations and commercializing this methodology for general public use will require further research on combining this tool with other novel or conventional technologies.

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Sasaki, Hitoshi, Kazuhisa Hata, Morio Nozawa e Toshio Hashiba. "Does Asian tiger mosquito (Diptera: Culicidae) avoid zebra stripe?" Medical Entomology and Zoology 71, n. 4 (25 dicembre 2020): 329–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.7601/mez.71.329.

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Fukui, Shin, Yusuke Kuwano, Kazuki Ueno, Kazuyuki Atsumi e Shunji Ohta. "Modeling the effect of rainfall changes to predict population dynamics of the Asian tiger mosquito Aedes albopictus under future climate conditions". PLOS ONE 17, n. 5 (25 maggio 2022): e0268211. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0268211.

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The population dynamics of mosquitoes in temperate regions are not as well understood as those in tropical and subtropical regions, despite concerns that vector-borne diseases may be prevalent in future climates. Aedes albopictus, a vector mosquito in temperate regions, undergoes egg diapause while overwintering. To assess the prevalence of mosquito-borne diseases in the future, this study aimed to simulate and predict mosquito population dynamics under estimated future climatic conditions. In this study, we tailored the physiology-based climate-driven mosquito population (PCMP) model for temperate mosquitoes to incorporate egg diapauses for overwintering. We also investigated how the incorporation of the effect of rainfall on larval carrying capacity (into a model) changes the population dynamics of this species under future climate conditions. The PCMP model was constructed to simulate mosquito population dynamics, and the parameters of egg diapause and rainfall effects were estimated for each model to fit the observed data in Tokyo. We applied the global climate model data to the PCMP model and observed an increase in the mosquito population under future climate conditions. By applying the PCMP models (with or without the rainfall effect on the carrying capacity of the A. albopictus), our projections indicated that mosquito population dynamics in the future could experience changes in the patterns of their active season and population abundance. According to our results, the peak population number simulated using the highest CO2 emission scenario, while incorporating the rainfall effect on the carrying capacity, was approximately 1.35 times larger than that predicted using the model that did not consider the rainfall effect. This implies that the inclusion of rainfall effects on mosquito population dynamics has a major impact on the risk assessments of mosquito-borne diseases in the future.

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Kalan, Katja, Jana Šušnjar, Jure Jugovic e Vladimir Ivović. "Pilot Study of Invasive Mosquito Species Control in Selected Slovenian Municipalities". Acta Veterinaria 72, n. 2 (1 giugno 2022): 256–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/acve-2022-0020.

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Abstract To reduce the population of the Asian tiger mosquito Aedes albopictus (Skuse, 1894) (Diptera: Culicidae), a mosquito control campaign was organized by five Slovenian municipalities in 2020. The campaign focused on the application of Aquatain AMFTM in public water containers. The main objective of our study was to test the efficacy of the agent by directly testing the water drains for mosquito larvae and monitoring the density of the mosquito population. The drains were inspected before and after the application of the product from May to September. A water sample was taken from the drains using a dipper. For mosquito monitoring, the number of mosquito eggs and adult mosquitoes was counted from June to October. Up to two weeks after the application of the product, we observed the lethal effect of Aquatain on mosquito larvae, pupae and adult mosquitoes. After rainfall, the product was washed away and the live mosquitoes were sampled in the inspected water drains. The average number of eggs collected per site was twice as high in the area without mosquito control as in the threated locations. Nevertheless, we assessed the mosquito control campaign as partially successful, as mosquito abundance was still high in the locations with mosquito control. However, we believe that this is a good starting point and that mosquito control should be continued in the future together with the citizen education campaign.

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Ramiharimanana, Fenia Diane, Mbolatiana Tovo Andrianjafy, Niry Hasinandrianina Ramarosandratana, Toavina Elodie Andrianarijaona, Ny Aina Harivony Rambala Rakotomena, Estelle Metay, Marie-Christine Duclos et al. "Chirality Effects on Repellent Properties of 4-Alkoxycoumarins Against Asian Tiger Mosquito (Diptera: Culicidae)". Journal of Medical Entomology 59, n. 2 (18 gennaio 2022): 430–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jme/tjab176.

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Abstract The use of semiochemicals as repellents and attractants has been proposed to complement insecticides used for the control of vector mosquito populations. In several studies, the optical purities of the molecules tested have been described as having little or no effect on repellent activity. However, these observations seem difficult to explain because of the chirality effect of molecules on the olfactory system of insects and humans. Thus, the purpose of this study is to assess the effects of chirality on the repellent properties of 4-alcoxycoumarins against Aedes albopictus Skuse, mosquito vector of arboviruses. We report here that the racemic (R/S)-4-sec-butoxycoumarin had the highest repellent effect (Repellent Index = 49.9%) followed by (R) enantiomer (Repellent Index = 24.2%) for the dose of 5 mg/mL. Contrary, no significant repellent activity was recorded for S-(+)-4-sec-butoxycoumarin. This experiment demonstrates the close relationship between the molecules’ optical purities and the behavioral response of mosquitoes.

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Tafseera Hashemi. "Incidence of dengue fever and risk of its transmission to the Afghan travelers to tropical regions: A discussion paper". Journal of Inventions in Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences 5, n. 3 (12 agosto 2020): 27–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.26452/jibps.v5i3.1438.

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This review article discusses the transmission or importation of dengue fever to Afghanistan by travelers from tropical countries. The dengue fever, transmit by aedes mosquito (Asian tiger) to humans. The Asian tiger is found in tropical parts of world especially in east parts of Asia like Malaysia, India and Pakistan. The disease spreads or transmit through a bite by mosquito and from infected person to mosquito and thus to others. Millions of Afghans are travelling around the globe each year, especially to Pakistan, India and Iran, where the dengue virus found. Living in tropical areas, climate changes, global warming and urbanizations leads to the transmission and migration of the disease from one person to another. The aim of this paper was to know the mood of transmission, existence of dengue fever in Afghanistan and its control measures. Therefore, travelers must be advised, prior to travelling to dengue prone areas. Mass media campaigns, awareness workshops and control measure must be adapted by the Ministry of Public Health about dengue fever.

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Hirabayashi, Kimio, Naoko Nihei, Mutsuo Kobayashi, Yoshio Tsuda e Kyoko Sawabe. "Elevational Distribution of the Asian Tiger Mosquito, Aedes albopictus, in the Inland Mountain Area of Nagano and Yamanashi Prefectures, Japan". Journal of the American Mosquito Control Association 36, n. 1 (1 marzo 2020): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.2987/19-6902.1.

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ABSTRACT Nagano and Yamanashi prefectures of Japan comprise an inland mountain area that extends widely north and south, with elevation varying greatly by location. Mosquitoes transmitting infectious disease have a diversity of habitats in Nagano and Yamanashi, and many species can be expected there. However, there have been few reports on mosquito fauna; in particular, little information is available on mosquitoes such as Aedes albopictus. The mosquito fauna was investigated to clarify their elevational distribution ranging from 317 to 1,534 m, focusing especially on Ae. albopictus, in 24 areas in Nagano and Yamanashi prefectures from July to September in 2012–16. Adult mosquitoes were collected using the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention traps in each area, in addition to larval mosquito collections at several temple and shrine precincts in each area. At sites where elevations were >800 m (14 sites), no adult Ae. albopictus were captured. In addition, larval Ae. albopictus were not collected at elevations >728 m (15 sites). Aedes albopictus was captured at 20 other sites (annual mean air temperature ranged from 9.4 to 15.2°C, July–September mean air temperature ranged from 19.9 to 25.0°C).

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Klobucar, Ana, Nikola Benic, Darko Krajcar, Mirjana Lana Kosanovic-Licina, Vanja Tesic, Enrih Merdic, Ivana Vrucina et al. "An overview of mosquitoes and emerging arboviral infections in the Zagreb area, Croatia". Journal of Infection in Developing Countries 10, n. 12 (30 dicembre 2016): 1286–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.3855/jidc.7988.

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Mosquito control in the Zagreb area has been conducted for many years, whereas the fauna has only been investigated in the last 20 years. So far 30 mosquito species have been detected in the city area. Culex pipiens form molestus is the dominant mosquito species in indoor breeding sites. In forested areas and areas exposed to flooding, the active period is early spring and the dominant species are Ochlerotatus sticticus, Ochlerotatus cantans, Ochlerotatus geniculatus and Aedes vexans. The eudominant mosquito species found in the artificial breeding sites are Culex pipiens and the Asian tiger mosquito, Aedes albopictus. Invasive Ae. albopictus, present in the Zagreb area since 2004, has expanded to a larger area of the city during the last three years. The recent emergence of the human West Nile virus and Usutu virus neuroinvasive disease in Zagreb and its surroundings highlighted the role of mosquitoes as vectors of emerging arboviruses. The paper focuses on mosquito species and arboviral infections detected in humans and animals in the Zagreb area, Croatia.

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Liu, Wei-Ting, Tien-Lai Chen, Roger F. Hou, Cheng-Chen Chen e Wu-Chun Tu. "The Invasion and Encapsulation of the Entomopathogenic Nematode, Steinernema abbasi, in Aedes albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae) Larvae". Insects 11, n. 12 (26 novembre 2020): 832. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects11120832.

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The Asian tiger mosquito, Aedes albopictus, is of crucial concern to the public and veterinary health because of its vector role in transmission of several mosquito-borne diseases. Over the past decades, entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) have been used to control important agricultural insect pests and are considered to be effective against mosquitoes as well. The objectives of this study were to investigate the mosquitocidal effects of Steinernema abbasi to Ae. albopictus and the encapsulation processes of invading nematodes in the mosquito host. In this study, we found that S. abbasi was pathogenic to 3rd and 4th instar larvae of Ae. albopictus by entering the hemocoel of the 3rd and 4th instar larvae mainly through mouth and gastric caecum or by penetrating pupae through the intersegmental membrane or trumpet. The mosquito larvae infected with a single nematode caused a high mortality. Although EPNs in the hemocoel of mosquitoes were melanized and encapsulated, most Ae. albopictus larvae failed to survive after infection with S. abbasi. Overall, we demonstrated that S. abbasi is pathogenic to Ae. albopictus larvae, suggesting that this S. abbasi isolate has potential as a biocontrol agent for managing this vector mosquito.

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Bakran-Lebl, Karin, Stefanie Pree, Thomas Brenner, Eleni Daroglou, Barbara Eigner, Antonia Griesbacher, Johanna Gunczy et al. "First Nationwide Monitoring Program for the Detection of Potentially Invasive Mosquito Species in Austria". Insects 13, n. 3 (10 marzo 2022): 276. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects13030276.

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In Austria, only fragmented information on the occurrence of alien and potentially invasive mosquito species exists. The aim of this study is a nationwide overview on the situation of those mosquitoes in Austria. Using a nationwide uniform protocol for the first time, mosquito eggs were sampled with ovitraps at 45 locations in Austria at weekly intervals from May to October 2020. The sampled eggs were counted and the species were identified by genetic analysis. The Asian tiger mosquito Aedes albopictus was found at two sites, once in Tyrol, where this species has been reported before, and for the first time in the province of Lower Austria, at a motorway rest stop. The Asian bush mosquito Aedes japonicus was widespread in Austria. It was found in all provinces and was the most abundant species in the ovitraps by far. Aedes japonicus was more abundant in the South than in the North and more eggs were found in habitats with artificial surfaces than in (semi-) natural areas. Further, the number of Ae. japonicus eggs increased with higher ambient temperature and decreased with higher wind speed. The results of this study will contribute to a better estimation of the risk of mosquito-borne disease in Austria and will be a useful baseline for a future documentation of changes in the distribution of those species.

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Zhao, Si Yu, Hong Kai Liu, Zhen Sheng Xie, Yi Ming Wu, Pei Lin Wu, Tong Liu, Wen Qiang Yang et al. "Vision guides the twilight search for oviposition sites of the Asian tiger mosquito, Aedes albopictus". PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases 18, n. 11 (27 novembre 2024): e0012674. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0012674.

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Background Oviposition site selection is an important component of vector mosquito reproductive biology. The Asian Tiger mosquito, Aedes albopictus, is a major and important vector of arboviruses including Dengue. Previous studies documented the preference of gravid females for small, dark-colored water containers as oviposition sites, which they sought during the twilight period (dusk) of their locomotor activity. Vision plays an important role in this behavior, and factors such as the shape, size, and color of the container, light intensity, polarization, spectrum, and other visual cues guide the search for suitable oviposition sites, but the mechanistic factors driving this behavior are unclear. Methodology/Principal findings We blindfolded adult female compound eyes and observed the effects of a lack of vision on the ability to discriminate and utilize preferred oviposition sites. Furthermore, the transcriptomes of blindfolded mosquitoes were screened to identify genes with vision-sensitive expression profiles and gene-editing was used to create non-functional mutations in two of them, rhodopsin-like (mutation designated ‘rho-l△807’) and kynurenine hydroxylase (mutation designated ‘khw’). Behavioral tests of both mutant and control strains revealed that the rho-l△807 mutant mosquitoes had a significant decrease in their ability to search for preferred oviposition sites that correlated with a reduced ability to recognize long-wavelength red light. The khw mutant mosquitoes also had a reduced ability to identify preferred oviposition sites that correlated with reductions in their ability to respond to variations in daily brightness and their ability to discriminate among different color options of the containers and background monochromatic light. Conclusions/Significance This study underscores the importance of visual cues in the oviposition site selection behavior of adult female Ae. albopictus. We demonstrate that wild-type rho-l and kh gene products play a crucial role in this behavior, as mutants exhibit altered sensitivity or recognition of light intensity and substrate colors.

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Lafferty, Kevin D., John P. McLaughlin, Daniel S. Gruner, Taylor A. Bogar, An Bui, Jasmine N. Childress, Magaly Espinoza et al. "Local extinction of the Asian tiger mosquito ( Aedes albopictus ) following rat eradication on Palmyra Atoll". Biology Letters 14, n. 2 (febbraio 2018): 20170743. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2017.0743.

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The Asian tiger mosquito, Aedes albopictus, appears to have been extirpated from Palmyra Atoll following rat eradication. Anecdotal biting reports, collection records, and regular captures in black-light traps showed the species was present before rat eradication. Since then, there have been no biting reports and no captures over 2 years of extensive trapping (black-light and scent traps). By contrast, the southern house mosquito, Culex quinquefasciatus, was abundant before and after rat eradication. We hypothesize that mammals were a substantial and preferred blood meal for Aedes , whereas Culex feeds mostly on seabirds. Therefore, after rat eradication, humans and seabirds alone could not support positive population growth or maintenance of Aedes . This seems to be the first documented accidental secondary extinction of a mosquito. Furthermore, it suggests that preferred host abundance can limit mosquito populations, opening new directions for controlling important disease vectors that depend on introduced species like rats.

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Bellini, Romeo, Antonios Michaelakis, Dušan Petrić, Francis Schaffner, Bulent Alten, Paola Angelini, Carles Aranda et al. "Practical management plan for invasive mosquito species in Europe: I. Asian tiger mosquito (Aedes albopictus)". Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease 35 (maggio 2020): 101691. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tmaid.2020.101691.

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Claeys, Cécilia, e Elise Mieulet. "The Spread of Asian Tiger Mosquitoes and Related Health Risks Along the French Riviera: An Analysis of Reactions and Concerns Amongst the Local Population". International Review of Social Research 3, n. 2 (1 giugno 2013): 151–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/irsr-2013-0015.

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Abstract: Since the early 2000s, the accidental introduction of the tiger mosquito has exposed Europe to new diseases previously observed in Southern countries, leading to the onset of new nuisances and health risks. In France, the area first affected was the French Riviera. Based on the results of a qualitative and quantitative survey, this article analyses the reactions and concerns amongst the local population regarding the spread of Asian tiger mosquitoes and the related health risks. While residents are well aware of the mosquitoes’ presence and perceive a related increase in nuisances at different levels, they tend to play down the related health risks, notably due to the high degree of trust placed in the French healthcare system. It is the wealthiest inhabitants that are most affected by the problem, which primarily affects villa districts. Finally, cultural resistance has hindered the success of awareness-raising campaigns due to the stigma associated with mosquitoes.

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BENNETT, JANINE K., ANGEL D. HICKMAN, MICHAEL A. KLINE, MICHAEL W. McGINNIS e MICHAEL J. WEISSMANN. "NEW STATE RECORD FOR THE ASIAN TIGER MOSQUITO, AEDES ALBOPICTUS (SKUSE)". Journal of the American Mosquito Control Association 21, n. 4 (dicembre 2005): 341–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.2987/8756-971x(2006)21[341:nsrfta]2.0.co;2.

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Michalet, Serge, Guillaume Minard, Wilfried Chevalier, Guillaume Meiffren, Yoann Saucereau, Van Tran Van, Gilles Comte, Florence‐Hélène Tran e Claire Valiente Moro. "Identification of human skin bacteria attractive to the Asian Tiger mosquito". Environmental Microbiology 21, n. 12 (12 settembre 2019): 4662–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1462-2920.14793.

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Falsone, Luigi, Emanuele Brianti, Francesco Severini, Salvatore Giannetto e Roberto Romi. "Oviposition substrate in Asian tiger mosquito surveillance: Do the sizes matter?" Journal of Vector Ecology 40, n. 2 (27 novembre 2015): 256–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jvec.12162.

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Sherpa, Stéphanie, Michael G. B. Blum, Thibaut Capblancq, Tristan Cumer, Delphine Rioux e Laurence Després. "Unravelling the invasion history of the Asian tiger mosquito in Europe". Molecular Ecology 28, n. 9 (29 aprile 2019): 2360–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/mec.15071.

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Nicoletti, Marcello, Susanna Mariani, Oliviero Maccioni, Tiziana Coccioletti e Kardaray Murugan. "Neem cake: chemical composition and larvicidal activity on Asian tiger mosquito". Parasitology Research 111, n. 1 (16 marzo 2012): 205–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00436-012-2819-8.

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Chen, Xiao-Guang, Xuanting Jiang, Jinbao Gu, Meng Xu, Yang Wu, Yuhua Deng, Chi Zhang et al. "Genome sequence of the Asian Tiger mosquito, Aedes albopictus, reveals insights into its biology, genetics, and evolution". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 112, n. 44 (19 ottobre 2015): E5907—E5915. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1516410112.

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Abstract (sommario):

The Asian tiger mosquito, Aedes albopictus, is a highly successful invasive species that transmits a number of human viral diseases, including dengue and Chikungunya fevers. This species has a large genome with significant population-based size variation. The complete genome sequence was determined for the Foshan strain, an established laboratory colony derived from wild mosquitoes from southeastern China, a region within the historical range of the origin of the species. The genome comprises 1,967 Mb, the largest mosquito genome sequenced to date, and its size results principally from an abundance of repetitive DNA classes. In addition, expansions of the numbers of members in gene families involved in insecticide-resistance mechanisms, diapause, sex determination, immunity, and olfaction also contribute to the larger size. Portions of integrated flavivirus-like genomes support a shared evolutionary history of association of these viruses with their vector. The large genome repertory may contribute to the adaptability and success of Ae. albopictus as an invasive species.

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Ricardo Machi, Andre, Raquel Rodrigues Mayne, Márcio Adriani Gava, Paula Bergamin Arthur e Valter Arthur. "Gamma Radiation Sterilization Dose of Adult Males in Asian Tiger Mosquito Pupae". Insects 10, n. 4 (8 aprile 2019): 101. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects10040101.

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The pathogen-carrying tiger mosquito, Aedes albopictus, has spread from the Western Pacific and Southeast Asia to Europe, Africa, the Middle East, North and South America, and the Caribbean. This species of mosquito transmits arboviral infections, such as yellow fever, chikungunya, dengue, zika, and several encephalitides. The objective of this research was to provide a radiation dose inducing sterilization in adult male Ae. albopictus in the pupal stage. A cobalt-60 source of gamma radiation at a dose rate of 381 Gy/h was used. The pupae were irradiated with doses of 0 (control), 20, 30, 40, 50, and 60 Gy. Each treatment had a total of five replications using 60 pupae. After irradiation, the different phases of Ae. albopictus development (egg, larva, pupa, and adult) in the F1 generation were observed daily. Parameters such as viability, fertility, longevity, and mortality were recorded. The results from these studies showed that a dose of 60 Gy was necessary to sterilize 100% of the male Ae. albopictus pupae.

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Guégan, Morgane, Edwige Martin e Claire Valiente Moro. "Comparative Analysis of the Bacterial and Fungal Communities in the Gut and the Crop of Aedes albopictus Mosquitoes: A Preliminary Study". Pathogens 9, n. 8 (1 agosto 2020): 628. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens9080628.

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Abstract (sommario):

The Asian tiger mosquito Aedes albopictus is a major pathogen vector and one of the world’s most invasive species. In recent years, the study of mosquito-associated microbiota has received growing interest for reducing transmission of mosquito-borne pathogens. Most of studies on mosquito microbiota mainly focused on the gut bacteria. However, microorganisms can also colonize other organs and are not restricted to bacteria. In mosquitoes, the crop is the primary storage organ for sugars from the nectar feeding before it is transferred into the midgut for digestion. No study has yet investigated whether this organ can harbor microorganisms in Ae. albopictus. By using high-throughput sequencing, this study is the first to describe the microbiota including both bacteria and fungi in sugar-fed Ae. albopictus males and females. The results showed the presence of diverse and rich bacterial and fungal communities in the crop of both sexes that did not strongly differ from the community composition and structure found in the gut. Altogether, our results provide a thorough description of the crop-associated microbiota in Ae. albopictus which can open new avenues for further studies on trophic interactions between the mosquito and its microbiota.

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28

Endersby-Harshman, Nancy M., Andrew R. Weeks e Ary A. Hoffmann. "The detection and significance of emerging insecticide resistance in mosquitoes". Microbiology Australia 39, n. 2 (2018): 80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ma18022.

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Abstract (sommario):

Mosquito-borne arboviruses are increasing in incidence around the world. Australia enjoys some protection from pests and diseases afforded by its geographic isolation coupled with strict biosecurity control at its borders. However, as the volume of global trade, travel and transport expands, risk of exotic incursions to Australia is increasing. Detection of foreign mosquitoes at airports and seaports around Australia is becoming commonplace. The Asian tiger mosquito, Aedes albopictus, which has expanded its range throughout Europe and the Americas1, has not become established in mainland Australia, but is encountered as an exotic incursion2. The yellow fever mosquito and dengue vector, Aedes. aegypti, occurs naturally in northern Queensland, but is also captured at Australia’s ports on a recurrent basis as an incursion from overseas3. Although Ae. aegypti is established in Australia, its detection as an incursion is still cause for concern. Apart from the possibility that invasive mosquitoes will carry exotic arboviruses, genetic characteristics of a foreign insect population can be very different from those observed in local mosquitoes, particularly in terms of insecticide resistance. Our recent research has shown that invading mosquitoes from overseas carry insecticide resistance alleles not found in Australia4 and our development of a global genomic database is helping us to pinpoint their source.

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29

Sebastian, Honey. "A Review on the Influence of Environmental Temperature in the Development, Survival, Population Dynamics and Spatial Distribution of Aedes albopictus (Skuse 1894) (Diptera: Culicidae) Mosquito". Journal of Communicable Diseases 55, n. 01 (4 maggio 2023): 58–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.24321/0019.5138.202309.

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Abstract (sommario):

Environmental temperature is an important abiotic element that plays a significant role in various aspects of the insect life cycle. Insects have evolved different mechanisms to adjust to temperature variations in order to avoid thermal stress over evolutionary time. They have been able to invade practically every type of habitat due to these adaptations. Aedes albopictus, the Asian tiger mosquito, is a Southeast Asian forest-dwelling mosquito species that has spread throughout the world in the last forty years. Since it can effectively transmit a variety of viruses, Aedes albopictus is a significant public health issue in all areas where it has already been entrenched. The current article shows the existing understanding of the impact of environmental temperature on the dispersion and ecology of Aedes albopictus.

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30

Puthiyakunnon, Santhosh, Yunying Yao, Yiji Li, Jinbao Gu, Hongjuan Peng e Xiaoguang Chen. "Functional characterization of three MicroRNAs of the Asian Tiger Mosquito, Aedes albopictus". Parasites & Vectors 6, n. 1 (2013): 230. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1756-3305-6-230.

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31

Unlu, Isik, Kim Klingler, Nicholas Indelicato, Ary Faraji e Daniel Strickman. "Suppression ofAedes albopictus, the Asian tiger mosquito, using a ‘hot spot’ approach". Pest Management Science 72, n. 7 (17 novembre 2015): 1427–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ps.4174.

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32

Kavran, Mihaela, Aleksandra Ignjatović-Ćupina e Dušan Petrić. "Invasive mosquito species (Diptera: Culicidae) in Serbia". Biljni lekar 49, n. 5 (2021): 686–702. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/biljlek2105686k.

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Abstract (sommario):

Invasive mosquito species surveillance has been carried out in Europe since late 1990s, and the results revealed that their distribution range and population density have been increasing every year (ECDC, 2020). Majority of European countries are affected by at least one of invasive mosquito species, which are considered as important vector species of public health concern. Aedes invasive species are very aggressive daily biters and highly competitive with native mosquito species coexisting in the same breeding sites. Although pathogens transmitted by mosquitoes are much bigger problem in tropical areas, imported and autothonous cases of these diseases have been recorded every year in Europe. International and intercontinental transport of humans and goods increase the likely-hood of outbreaks caused by vector-borne pathogens. Cases of imported invasive mosquito species and cases of imported human infection (with Dengue and Chikungunya virus, imported and autohtonous) are increasing every year. Together with the presence of invasive mosquito species, outbreaks caused by vector-borne pathogens are significantly driven by human behaviour, ecosystem and climat changes. Two invasive mosquito species were present in Serbia so far: Aedes albopictus (Asian tiger mosquito) and Aedes japonicus (Japaneese bush mosquito). Populations of Ae. albopicus has been succesfully spreading in many urban and suburban areas in our country, while Ae. japonicus was identified in only two localities up today. According to the experience from Croatia, where this mosquito species is widely spread, similar scenario could be expected in Serbia as well.

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33

Neff, Erik, Christopher C. Evans, Pablo D. Jimenez Castro, Ray M. Kaplan e Guha Dharmarajan. "Drug Resistance in Filarial Parasites Does Not Affect Mosquito Vectorial Capacity". Pathogens 10, n. 1 (22 dicembre 2020): 2. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens10010002.

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Abstract (sommario):

Parasite drug resistance presents a major obstacle to controlling and eliminating vector-borne diseases affecting humans and animals. While vector-borne disease dynamics are affected by factors related to parasite, vertebrate host and vector, research on drug resistance in filarial parasites has primarily focused on the parasite and vertebrate host, rather than the mosquito. However, we expect that the physiological costs associated with drug resistance would reduce the fitness of drug-resistant vs. drug-susceptible parasites in the mosquito wherein parasites are not exposed to drugs. Here we test this hypothesis using four isolates of the dog heartworm (Dirofilaria immitis)—two drug susceptible and two drug resistant—and two vectors—the yellow fever mosquito (Aedes aegypti) and the Asian tiger mosquito (Ae. albopictus)—as our model system. Our data indicated that while vector species had a significant effect on vectorial capacity, there was no significant difference in the vectorial capacity of mosquitoes infected with drug-resistant vs. drug-susceptible parasites. Consequently, contrary to expectations, our data indicate that drug resistance in D. immitis does not appear to reduce the transmission efficiency of these parasites, and thus the spread of drug-resistant parasites in the vertebrate population is unlikely to be mitigated by reduced fitness in the mosquito vector.

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34

Fukuda, Tokuo, Osborne R. Willis e Donald R. Barnard. "Parasites of the Asian Tiger Mosquito and Other Container-Inhabiting Mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) in Northcentral Florida". Journal of Medical Entomology 34, n. 2 (1 marzo 1997): 226–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jmedent/34.2.226.

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35

Rebora, Manuela, Gianandrea Salerno, Silvana Piersanti, Alexander Kovalev e Stanislav N. Gorb. "The origin of black and white coloration of the Asian tiger mosquito Aedes albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae)". Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology 14 (17 aprile 2023): 496–508. http://dx.doi.org/10.3762/bjnano.14.41.

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Abstract (sommario):

Micro- and nanostructures of the white and black scales on the tarsi of the mosquito Aedes albopictus are analysed using scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and fluorescence microscopy. Reflectance spectra of the white areas are measured. No clear difference is present in the morphology of micro- and nanostructures of black and white scales in SEM and TEM, but black scales contain a dark pigment. The white colour of the scales has a structural origin. The structural white produced by the micro- and nanostructures of the scales on the tarsi of Ae. albopictus appears bright and is angle-dependent, since the reflected light changes according to the angle detection and according to the tarsus orientation. The optical appearance of the scale system of Ae. albopictus has a complex nature and can be explained by the combination of several effects. Among them, multiple refraction and reflection on the micro- and nanostructures of the scales are mainly responsible for the white appearance. The results suggest that mosquito scales, in addition to their superhydrophobic function, produce structural white. The biological role of white and black patches in mate recognition and defensive behaviour in the mosquitoes of the genus Aedes is hypothesized.

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36

Moreno-Gómez, Mara, Rubén Bueno-Marí, Andrea Drago e Miguel A. Miranda. "From the Field to the Laboratory: Quantifying Outdoor Mosquito Landing Rate to Better Evaluate Topical Repellents". Journal of Medical Entomology 58, n. 3 (18 gennaio 2021): 1287–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jme/tjaa298.

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Abstract (sommario):

Abstract Vector-borne diseases are a worldwide threat to human health. Often, no vaccines or treatments exist. Thus, personal protection products play an essential role in limiting transmission. The World Health Organization (WHO) arm-in-cage (AIC) test is the most common method for evaluating the efficacy of topical repellents, but it remains unclear whether AIC testing conditions recreate the mosquito landing rates in the field. This study aimed to estimate the landing rate outdoors, in an area of Europe highly infested with the Asian tiger mosquito (Aedes albopictus (Skuse, 1894, Diptera: Culididae)), and to determine how to replicate this rate in the laboratory. To assess the landing rate in the field, 16 individuals were exposed to mosquitoes in a highly infested region of Italy. These field results were then compared to results obtained in the laboratory: 1) in a 30 m3 room where nine volunteers were exposed to different mosquito abundances (ranges: 15–20, 25–30, and 45–50) and 2) in a 0.064 m3 AIC test cage where 10 individuals exposed their arms to 200 mosquitoes (as per WHO requirements). The highest mosquito landing rate in the field was 26.8 landings/min. In the room test, a similar landing rate was achieved using 15–20 mosquitoes (density: 0.50–0.66 mosquitoes/m3) and an exposure time of 3 min. In the AIC test using 200 mosquitoes (density: 3,125 mosquitoes/m3), the landing rate was 229 ± 48 landings/min. This study provides useful reference values that can be employed to design new evaluation standards for topical repellents that better simulate field conditions.

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37

Polidori, Carlo, Andrea Ferrari, Luigimaria Borruso, Paola Mattarelli, Maria Luisa Dindo, Monica Modesto, Marco Carrieri, Arianna Puggioli, Federico Ronchetti e Romeo Bellini. "Aedes albopictus microbiota: Differences between wild and mass-reared immatures do not suggest negative impacts from a diet based on black soldier fly larvae and fish food". PLOS ONE 18, n. 9 (26 settembre 2023): e0292043. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0292043.

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Abstract (sommario):

The “Sterile Insect Technique” (SIT), a promising method to control Aedes albopictus, the Asian tiger mosquito, is gaining increasing interest. Recently, the role of microbiota in mosquito fitness received attention, but the link between microbiota and larval diet in mass rearing programs for SIT remains largely unexplored. We characterized the microbiota of four larval instars, pupae and eggs of non-wild (NW) lab-reared Ae. albopictus fed with a diet based on Black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) larvae powder and fish food KOI pellets. We compared it with wild (W) field-collected individuals and the bacterial community occurring in rearing water-diet (DIET). A total of 18 bacterial classes with > 0.10% abundance were found overall in the samples, with seven classes being especially abundant. Overall, the microbiota profile significantly differed among NW, W and DIET. Verrucomicrobiae were significantly more abundant in W and DIET, Bacteroidia were more abundant in NW and DIET, and Gammaproteobacteria were only more abundant in W than in DIET. W-eggs microbiota differed from all the other groups. Large differences also appeared at the bacterial genus-level, with the abundance of 14 genera differing among groups. Three ASVs of Acinetobacter, known to have positive effects on tiger mosquitoes, were more abundant in NW than in W, while Serratia, known to have negative or neutral effects on another Aedes species, was less abundant in NW than in W. The bacterial community of W-eggs was the richest in species, while dominance and diversity did not differ among groups. Our data show that the diet based on Black soldier fly powder and fish food KOI influences the microbiota of NW tiger mosquito immature stages, but not in a way that may suggest a negative impact on their quality in SIT programs.

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38

Parry, Rhys, Maddie E. James e Sassan Asgari. "Uncovering the Worldwide Diversity and Evolution of the Virome of the Mosquitoes Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus". Microorganisms 9, n. 8 (3 agosto 2021): 1653. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9081653.

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Abstract (sommario):

Aedes aegypti, the yellow fever mosquito, and Aedes albopictus, the Asian tiger mosquito, are the most significant vectors of dengue, Zika, and Chikungunya viruses globally. Studies examining host factors that control arbovirus transmission demonstrate that insect-specific viruses (ISVs) can modulate mosquitoes’ susceptibility to arbovirus infection in both in vivo and in vitro co-infection models. While research is ongoing to implicate individual ISVs as proviral or antiviral factors, we have a limited understanding of the composition and diversity of the Aedes virome. To address this gap, we used a meta-analysis approach to uncover virome diversity by analysing ~3000 available RNA sequencing libraries representing a worldwide geographic range for both mosquitoes. We identified ten novel viruses and previously characterised viruses, including mononegaviruses, orthomyxoviruses, negeviruses, and a novel bi-segmented negev-like group. Phylogenetic analysis suggests close relatedness to mosquito viruses implying likely insect host range except for one arbovirus, the multi-segmented Jingmen tick virus (Flaviviridae) in an Italian colony of Ae. albopictus. Individual mosquito transcriptomes revealed remarkable inter-host variation of ISVs within individuals from the same colony and heterogeneity between different laboratory strains. Additionally, we identified striking virus diversity in Wolbachia infected Aedes cell lines. This study expands our understanding of the virome of these important vectors. It provides a resource for further assessing the ecology, evolution, and interaction of ISVs with their mosquito hosts and the arboviruses they transmit.

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39

Armstrong, Philip M., Theodore G. Andreadis, John J. Shepard e Michael C. Thomas. "Northern range expansion of the Asian tiger mosquito (Aedes albopictus): Analysis of mosquito data from Connecticut, USA". PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases 11, n. 5 (18 maggio 2017): e0005623. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0005623.

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40

Caminade, Cyril, Jolyon M. Medlock, Els Ducheyne, K. Marie McIntyre, Steve Leach, Matthew Baylis e Andrew P. Morse. "Suitability of European climate for the Asian tiger mosquito Aedes albopictus : recent trends and future scenarios". Journal of The Royal Society Interface 9, n. 75 (25 aprile 2012): 2708–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2012.0138.

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Abstract (sommario):

The Asian tiger mosquito ( Aedes albopictus ) is an invasive species that has the potential to transmit infectious diseases such as dengue and chikungunya fever. Using high-resolution observations and regional climate model scenarios for the future, we investigated the suitability of Europe for A. albopictus using both recent climate and future climate conditions. The results show that southern France, northern Italy, the northern coast of Spain, the eastern coast of the Adriatic Sea and western Turkey were climatically suitable areas for the establishment of the mosquito during the 1960–1980s. Over the last two decades, climate conditions have become more suitable for the mosquito over central northwestern Europe (Benelux, western Germany) and the Balkans, while they have become less suitable over southern Spain. Similar trends are likely in the future, with an increased risk simulated over northern Europe and slightly decreased risk over southern Europe. These distribution shifts are related to wetter and warmer conditions favouring the overwintering of A. albopictus in the north, and drier and warmer summers that might limit its southward expansion.

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41

Vanslembrouck, Adwine, Stephanie Jansen, Jacobus De Witte, Corneel Janssens, Stien Vereecken, Michelle Helms, Unchana Lange et al. "Larval Competition between Aedes and Culex Mosquitoes Carries over to Higher Arboviral Infection during Their Adult Stage". Viruses 16, n. 8 (26 luglio 2024): 1202. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v16081202.

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Abstract (sommario):

The common house mosquito (Culex pipiens) is a native vector for West Nile virus (WNV). Invasive species like the tiger mosquito (Aedes albopictus) and Asian bush mosquito (Aedes japonicus) are rapidly spreading through Europe, posing a major threat as vectors for dengue, chikungunya (CHIKV), and Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV). These mosquitoes share a similar ecological niche as larvae, but the carry-over effects of aquatic larval interactions to the terrestrial adult stage remain largely unknown and their medical relevance requires further investigation. This study examines the context dependency of larval interactions among Aedes albopictus, Aedes japonicus, and Culex pipiens. The survival, development time, growth, and energetic storage were measured in different European populations within density-response (intraspecific) experiments and replacement (interspecific) experiments at 20 °C and 26 °C. Overall, Ae. japonicus was the weakest competitor, while competition between Ae. albopictus and Cx. pipiens varied with temperature. Adults emerging from this larval competition were infected as follows: Culex pipiens with WNV, Ae. albopictus with CHIKV, and Ae. japonicus with JEV. While no JEV infection was observed, mosquitoes experiencing interspecific interactions during their larval stages exhibited higher infection rates and viral RNA titers for CHIKV and WNV. This increased susceptibility to viral infection after larval competition suggests a higher risk of arbovirus transmission in co-occurring populations.

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42

Yoon, Junho, Huijun An, Namjin Kim e Jun-Hyung Tak. "Efficacy of Seven Commercial Household Aerosol Insecticides and Formulation-Dependent Toxicity Against Asian Tiger Mosquito (Diptera: Culicidae)". Journal of Medical Entomology 57, n. 5 (17 aprile 2020): 1560–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jme/tjaa070.

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Abstract (sommario):

Abstract For the indoor and outdoor pest controls, various types of insecticide formulations are available including aerosols, sprays, electric vaporizers, mosquito coils, and traps. In the present study, the insecticidal activity of aerosols, the most commonly used formulation of household insecticides for mosquito control, against Aedes albopictus (Skuse) was assessed using seven commercial products and some attributes which can affect the efficacy of aerosol were investigated as well. The products had difference in their chemical composition of active ingredients, propellant/liquid phase ratios, solvent types, and nozzle orifice sizes, and these characteristics seem to affect the overall insecticidal activity. In general, solvent type dominantly determined the insecticidal activity, where four products in oil-based solvent system showed greater mortality (97.5% in average) than water-based aerosols (38.3% in average) against the mosquitoes located at the far side of the test chamber. The contribution of solvent type and nozzle orifice size were further examined with the sample aerosols, and the orifice size were determined more influential to the spray distance. Regardless of solvent types, the sample products attached to a bigger actuator (0.96 mm in diameter) showed greater knock-down activity (>98%) than the smaller ones (0.48 mm, 62.5% in average) to the back panel in the chamber. On the other hand, solvent system significantly affected the residual activity, as the oil-based and water-based aerosols showed 2.3- and 4.8-fold decrease in KT50 values, respectively, between 1 and 10 min after the spray.

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43

Unlu, Isik, Ary Faraji, Nicholas Indelicato e James R. McNelly. "Do tigers hunt during the day? Diel activity of the Asian tiger mosquito, Aedes albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae), in urban and suburban habitats of North America". PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases 15, n. 8 (20 agosto 2021): e0009438. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0009438.

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Abstract (sommario):

Background Aedes (Stegomyia) albopictus (Skuse) impacts human outdoor activity because of its aggressive biting behavior, and as a major vector of mosquito-borne diseases, it is also of public health importance. Although most mosquito species exhibit crepuscular activity by primarily host seeking at dawn and dusk, Ae. albopictus has been traditionally characterized as a diurnal or day-biting mosquito. With the global expansion and increased involvement of Ae. albopictus in mosquito-borne diseases, it is imperative to elucidate the diel activity of this species, particularly in newly invaded areas. Methodology and principal findings Human sweep netting and carbon dioxide-baited rotator traps were used to evaluate the diel activity of Ae. albopictus in two study sites. Both trapping methods were used in New Jersey’s Mercer County, USA (temperate/urban), while only human sweep netting was used in Florida’s Volusia County, USA (subtropical/suburban). Human sweep netting was performed to determine adult mosquito activity at Sunrise, Solar Noon, Sunset, and Lunar Midnight. Because New Jersey is in a temperate area, diel activity was investigated during the early season (3–19 July), peak season (25 July-19 September), and late season (22 September- 22 October). Aedes albopictus showed the highest activity during peak and late seasons at Solar Noon (P < 0.05). At Sunrise and Sunset during the peak season, Ae. albopictus activity was similar. Lunar Midnight activity was significantly lower than Sunrise and Solar Noon (P < 0.05) but was similar to that of Sunset. In the late season, the highest activity was observed during Solar Noon while the least activity was observed during Sunrise and Lunar Midnight (P<0.05). Bottle rotator traps used in conjunction with the human sweep net technique exhibited similar results. Seasonal activity was not differentiated in Florida due to the consistent subtropical climate. The highest adult activity was observed at Sunrise using human sweep netting, but it was not significantly different from Solar Noon and Sunset. The lowest adult activity was observed at Lunar Midnight; however, it was not significantly different from Solar Noon and Sunset. These results provide evidence that the diel activity of Ae. albopictus, contrary to the common perception of its diurnal activity, is much more varied. Conclusion/Significance Involvement of Ae. albopictus in the transmission of debilitating mosquito-borne pathogens such as chikungunya, dengue, and Zika virus, coupled with its affinity to thrive in human peridomestic environments, substantiates that our findings have global implications in areas where Ae. albopictus populations established. It also highlights the importance of behavioral studies of vector species which will not only help mosquito control professionals plan the timing of their control efforts but also provides empirical evidence against conventional wisdoms that may unjustly persist within public health stewards.

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44

Oppold, A., A. Kreß, J. Vanden Bussche, J. B. Diogo, U. Kuch, J. Oehlmann, M. B. Vandegehuchte e R. Müller. "Epigenetic alterations and decreasing insecticide sensitivity of the Asian tiger mosquito Aedes albopictus". Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety 122 (dicembre 2015): 45–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2015.06.036.

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45

Liu, Peiwen, Binbin Jin, Xiaocong Li, Yijie Zhao, Jinbao Gu, James K. Biedler, Zhijian Jake Tu e Xiao-Guang Chen. "Nix is a male-determining factor in the Asian tiger mosquito Aedes albopictus". Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology 118 (marzo 2020): 103311. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ibmb.2019.103311.

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46

Chiadmi, Ines, Sidnoma Abdoul Aziz Traoré e Jean-Michel Salles. "Asian tiger mosquito far from home: Assessing the impact of invasive mosquitoes on the French Mediterranean littoral". Ecological Economics 178 (dicembre 2020): 106813. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2020.106813.

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47

Hernández–Rodríguez, Jorge Luis, Rafael Perez-Pacheco, Alfonso Vásquez-López, Meret Chantal Mejenes–Hernández, Carlos Alejandro Granados–Echegoyen, Irma Del Rosario Arcos-Cordova, Crescencio Pérez–Rentería, José I. Benítez-Alva, Pablo Manrique-Saide e Herón Huerta. "Asian Tiger Mosquito in Yucatan Peninsula: First Record of Aedes (Stegomyia) albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae) in Campeche, Mexico". Journal of Medical Entomology 57, n. 6 (5 luglio 2020): 2022–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jme/tjaa133.

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Abstract (sommario):

Abstract This report describes the presence of Aedes albopictus Skuse (Diptera: Culicidae) in Yucatan Peninsula and represents the first record of the Asian tiger invasive mosquito in Campeche State, southeastern Mexico. We collected specimens using 11,326 ovitraps put into houses of urban and rural areas, as part of the entomological surveillance by the local Ministry of Health from January 2019 to February 2020. We found Ae. albopictus in five of the 12 municipalities of Campeche (San Francisco de Campeche, Tenabo, Hecelchakán, Calkíni and Escárcega). We record 68 positive ovitraps and 226 Ae. albopictus larvae. This finding increases the number of mosquito species recorded in Campeche, Mexico, and possibly the potential for 22 arbovirus transmission.

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48

Chan, Chee Aun, Lai Yee Ho e Nam Weng Sit. "Larvicidal Activity and Phytochemical Profiling of Sweet Basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) Leaf Extract against Asian Tiger Mosquito (Aedes albopictus)". Horticulturae 8, n. 5 (16 maggio 2022): 443. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae8050443.

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Abstract (sommario):

Applying larvicides to interrupt a mosquito’s life cycle is an important strategy for vector control. This study was conducted to evaluate the larvicidal properties of the hexane extract of sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum L.; family Lamiaceae) leaves against the wild strain of Asian tiger mosquito, Aedes albopictus (Skuse). Third instar larvae (20 larvae/replicate, n = 3) were exposed to different concentrations of the extract (6.25–200 µg/mL), and the mortality rate was recorded. Probit analysis showed that the median lethal concentration and 95% lethal concentration of the extract were 16.0 (10.9–22.1) and 53.0 (34.6–136.8) µg/mL, respectively, after 24 h exposure. Only the fractions F3, F4, and F5 from the column chromatography displayed high mortality rates of 91.7–100% at 25.0 µg/mL after 24 h exposure. Subsequent column chromatography from the pooled fraction yielded two active subfractions, H-F345-S2 and H-F345-S3, with mortality rates of 100% and 98.3 ± 2.9%, respectively, at 12.5 µg/mL. Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry analysis unveiled that methyl chavicol, 2-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethanol, cedrelanol, methyl eugenol, 2,4,di-tert-butylphenol, and phytol were the major components in both subfractions with some of them being reported as larvicidal compounds. The results suggest that sweet basil has substantial larvicidal activity against Ae. albopictus mosquito and is a potential source of naturally derived larvicide.

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49

Martínez-de la Puente, Josué, Alazne Díez-Fernández, Tomás Montalvo, Rubén Bueno-Marí, Quentin Pangrani, Ramón C. Soriguer, Juan Carlos Senar e Jordi Figuerola. "Do Invasive Mosquito and Bird Species Alter Avian Malaria Parasite Transmission?" Diversity 12, n. 3 (20 marzo 2020): 111. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/d12030111.

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Abstract (sommario):

Alien mosquito and vertebrate host species may create novel epidemiological scenarios for the transmission of pathogens naturally circulating in the invaded area. The exotic Monk parakeet (Myiopsitta monachus) has established populations in Europe and is currently considered an invasive pest. Due to their high abundance in urban areas, Monk parakeets could be involved in the transmission of pathogens, potentially affecting wildlife and livestock. To test this hypothesis, we determined the prevalence and diversity of three vector-borne parasites, namely Plasmodium, Haemoproteus and Leucocytozoon, in Monk parakeets from Barcelona. Many areas of southern Europe shelter high densities of the invasive Asian tiger mosquito Aedes albopictus, which in addition to native mosquito species could affect the transmission of mosquito-borne parasites, such as avian Plasmodium. Thus, we also sampled mosquitoes in the area to trace their blood-feeding hosts and determine the presence of Plasmodium parasites. Monk parakeets were neither infected by Plasmodium nor by Haemoproteus parasites, and only five individuals (3.13%; n = 160) were infected by Leucocytozoon. Monk parakeets were bitten by Culiseta longiareolata and represented 9.5% of Culex pipiens blood meals. The invasive Ae. albopictus showed a clear anthropophilic feeding pattern, with humans dominating its diet. Three Plasmodium lineages were detected in pools of Cx pipiens. These results suggest that Plasmodium circulating in the area cannot develop in the invasive Monk parakeet, in spite of the relatively high fraction of native mosquito vectors feeding on this species in its invaded distribution range.

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Marconcini, Michele, Elisa Pischedda, Vincent Houé, Umberto Palatini, Nabor Lozada-Chávez, Davide Sogliani, Anna-Bella Failloux e Mariangela Bonizzoni. "Profile of Small RNAs, vDNA Forms and Viral Integrations in Late Chikungunya Virus Infection of Aedes albopictus Mosquitoes". Viruses 13, n. 4 (25 marzo 2021): 553. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v13040553.

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Abstract (sommario):

The Asian tiger mosquito Aedes albopictus is contributing to the (re)-emergence of Chikungunya virus (CHIKV). To gain insights into the molecular underpinning of viral persistence, which renders a mosquito a life-long vector, we coupled small RNA and whole genome sequencing approaches on carcasses and ovaries of mosquitoes sampled 14 days post CHIKV infection and investigated the profile of small RNAs and the presence of vDNA fragments. Since Aedes genomes harbor nonretroviral Endogenous Viral Elements (nrEVEs) which confers tolerance to cognate viral infections in ovaries, we also tested whether nrEVEs are formed after CHIKV infection. We show that while small interfering (si)RNAs are evenly distributed along the full viral genome, PIWI-interacting (pi)RNAs mostly arise from a ~1000 bp window, from which a unique vDNA fragment is identified. CHIKV infection does not result in the formation of new nrEVEs, but piRNAs derived from existing nrEVEs correlate with differential expression of an endogenous transcript. These results demonstrate that all three RNAi pathways contribute to the homeostasis during the late stage of CHIKV infection, but in different ways, ranging from directly targeting the viral sequence to regulating the expression of mosquito transcripts and expand the role of nrEVEs beyond immunity against cognate viruses.

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