Bibliografie tematiche / Artificial hip joints

Letteratura scientifica selezionata sul tema "Artificial hip joints"

Autore: Grafiati
Pubblicato: 4 giugno 2021
Ultima modifica: 21 febbraio 2023

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Articoli di riviste sul tema "Artificial hip joints"

1

Puccio, Francesca Di. "Biotribology of artificial hip joints". World Journal of Orthopedics 6, n. 1 (2015): 77. http://dx.doi.org/10.5312/wjo.v6.i1.77.

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Unsworth, A., M. J. Pearcy, E. F. T. White e G. White. "Frictional Properties of Artificial Hip Joints". Engineering in Medicine 17, n. 3 (luglio 1988): 101–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/emed_jour_1988_017_029_02.

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Abstract (sommario):
A new generation of hip replacements has been designed incorporating compliant layers to promote fluid film lubrication when the joints are implanted in patients. Tests in the Durham hip function simulator show that the friction in these joints is up to an order of magnitude lower than in currently used prostheses, and because this is due to complete separation of the rubbing surfaces, wear ought to be vastly reduced. Experiments have shown that the best results are achieved with compliant surfaces of hardness between 4 and 8 N/mm2. Such surfaces produce coefficients of friction of the order of 5 × 10-3.
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3

Pezzotti, Giuseppe, e Kengo Yamamoto. "Artificial hip joints: The biomaterials challenge". Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials 31 (marzo 2014): 3–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmbbm.2013.06.001.

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4

Shi, Ruimin, Bukang Wang, Jiquan Liu, Zhiwei Yan e Lei Dong. "Influence of Cross-Shear and Contact Pressure on Wear Mechanisms of PEEK and CFR-PEEK in Total Hip Joint Replacements". Lubricants 10, n. 5 (30 aprile 2022): 78. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/lubricants10050078.

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Abstract (sommario):
With the increasing market demand for artificial hip joints, total hip joint replacement has gradually become an effective means of treating a series of hip joint diseases. In order to improve the service life of artificial hip joints, some new artificial hip joint materials, including polyetheretherketone (PEEK) and carbon fiber reinforced polyetheretherketone (CFR-PEEK), have been developed. In this paper, pin-on-plate wear tests under different cross-shear ratios and contact pressures were carried out to study the wear mechanism and worn surface topography of PEEK and CFR-PEEK. The experimental results showed that the wear of PEEK was associated with cross-shear, while CFR-PEEK was not. When the cross-shear ratio was 0.039 and contact pressure was 3.18 MPa, PEEK had poor wear resistance and its wear factor was about eight times that of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE). The wear resistance of CFR-PEEK had a significant advantage, since its wear factor was about 30% of that of PEEK. The wear factors of PEEK and CFR-PEEK increased as the contact pressure increased. The arithmetic average of the height amplitude of the surface, Sa, also increased gradually according to the topography of the worn surface. The wear mechanisms of PEEK and CFR-PEEK were scratching, plough cutting, and abrasion Since CFR-PEEK had good wear resistance and insensitivity to cross-shear motion, it is suitable for making artificial hip joints under low contact pressure condition.
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Fitzgerald, Robert H. "Infections of Hip Prostheses and Artificial Joints". Infectious Disease Clinics of North America 3, n. 2 (giugno 1989): 329–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0891-5520(20)30266-x.

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Pearcy, M. J. "A New Generation of Artificial Hip Joints". Engineering in Medicine 17, n. 4 (ottobre 1988): 199–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/emed_jour_1988_017_049_02.

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COHEN, J. "Wear of polyethylene in artificial hip joints". Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery. British volume 81-B, n. 1 (gennaio 1999): 179. http://dx.doi.org/10.1302/0301-620x.81b1.0810179b.

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8

Weiss, Cornelius, Arne Hothan, Michael Morlock e Norbert Hoffmann. "Friction-Induced Vibration of Artificial Hip Joints". GAMM-Mitteilungen 32, n. 2 (dicembre 2009): 193–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/gamm.200910016.

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Unsworth, A., M. J. Pearcy, E. F. T. White e G. White. "Soft layer lubrication of artificial hip joints". Journal of Synthetic Lubrication 5, n. 1 (aprile 1988): 55–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jsl.3000050105.

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10

Ilincic, S., N. Tungkunagorn, A. Vernes, G. Vorlaufer, P. A. Fotiu e F. Franek. "Finite and boundary element method contact mechanics on rough, artificial hip joints". Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part J: Journal of Engineering Tribology 225, n. 11 (26 settembre 2011): 1081–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1350650111406776.

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Abstract (sommario):
An extremely small roughness of constant height magnitude is considered on the femoral head of an artificial hip joint in order to determine the consequences of various regular shapes and clearances on the mechanical performance of this hip prosthesis via a properly coupled finite and boundary element method. In addition, different material combinations typical for widely used hard-on-hard and hard-on-soft hip joint replacements are also taken into account. By analysing the calculated pressure distribution and contact area between the femoral head and the acetabular cup in frictionless dry contact irrespective of material pairings in hip joints, it is shown that both the wavelength of roughness and the clearance significantly affect these mechanical quantities and accordingly too loose or too tight hip implants have to be avoided. Finally, in terms of all numerical findings a suitable optimal design of hip implants is also discussed.
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Tesi sul tema "Artificial hip joints"

1

Schumacher, Brian. "An analysis of the femoral head/stem taper lock for orthopaedic prostheses". Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/18927.

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Walter, William Lindsay School of Biomechanics UNSW. "Severe biomechanical conditions in total hip replacement". Awarded by:University of New South Wales. School of Biomechanics, 2006. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/25968.

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Abstract (sommario):
Hip simulators are designed to reproduce the forces and motion patterns of normal walking. In vivo demands on total hip replacements, however, are varied and often more severe than normal walking conditions. It is these severe conditions that often lead to implant failure. This is clinically based research aimed at understanding some of the more severe conditions in hips and the effect that these have on the performance of the total hip replacement. The polyethylene liner can act as a pump in an acetabular component, forcing fluid and wear particles through the holes to the retroacetabular bone causing osteolysis. Ten patients were studied at revision surgery. Pressures were measured in retroacetabular osteolytic lesions while performing pumping manouvers with the hip. Two laboratory experiments were then designed to study pumping mechanisms in vitro. In patients with contained osteolytic lesions, fluid pressure fluctuations could be measured in the lesion in association with the pumping action. Patients with uncontained osteolytic lesions showed no such pressure fluctuations. In the laboratory we identified 3 distinct mechanisms whereby fluid can be pumped from the hip joint to the retroacetabular bone. These pumping effects could be mitigated by improved implant design. Loading of the femoral head against the edge of the acetabular component produces dramatically increased contact pressures particularly in hard-on-hard bearings. In an analysis of 16 retrieved ceramic-on-ceramic bearings we were able to characterise the mechanism of edge loading based on the pattern of edge loading wear on the bearing surface. Finally in a radiographic study of patients with squeaking ceramic-on-ceramic hips. Squeaking was found to be associated with acetabular component malposition. It seems that edge loading or impingement may be an associated factor in these cases.
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Li, Junyan. "Computational biomechanics/biotribological modelling of natural and artificial hip joints". Thesis, University of Leeds, 2013. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/5500/.

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Abstract (sommario):
The excellent hip function and potential degeneration are closely linked with the unique structure of the joint cartilage that is principally composed of a solid phase and a fluid phase. Once damaged, the joint may need to be replaced by prosthesis in order to restore function in hip kinematics and kinetics. However, to what extent this can be achieved has yet to be quantified. On the other hand, the role of fluid pressurisation which plays in hip function has been poorly understood. The aim of this thesis was to address these issues. To evaluate the gait abnormality, particularly in terms of hip contact forces, a musculoskeletal model of lower extremity was constructed in a rigid-body dynamics frame, and the hip kinematics and kinetics were determined and cross-compared for a group of asymptomatic total hip replacement (THR) patients, THR patients with symptoms of symptomatic leg length inequality (LLI) and normal healthy people. Significant abnormal patterns in gait kinetics were observed for the asymptomatic THR patients, and this abnormality was greater for the LLI patients. To understand contact mechanics and the associated fluid pressurisation within the hip cartilage, a three dimensional finite element (FE) hip model with biphasic cartilage layers were developed. The protocol was compared to other solvers. A set of sensitivity studies were undertaken to evaluate the influence of model parameters, and then the model was evaluated under a range of loads with different activities. In all the cases, the fluid supported over 90% of the load for a prolonged period, potentially providing excellent hip function and lubrication. The musculoskeletal model and FE joint were combined to investigate the performance of the non-operated joint of the THR / LLI patients during gait which was found to function in a mechanically abnormal but not adverse environment. Lastly, the methodology of the biphasic hip modelling was validated using an experimental porcine hip of hemiarthroplasty. Good agreement was achieved between the FE predictions and the experimental measurement of the contact area.
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Kohm, Andrew Christopher. "New techniques for characterization of surface and volumetric wear in total hip athroplasty". Connect to this title online, 2003. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1070378403.

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Abstract (sommario):
Thesis (Ph. D.)--Ohio State University, 2003.
Title from first page of PDF file. Document formatted into pages; contains xii, 173 p.; also includes graphics Includes bibliographical references (p. 170-173). Available online via OhioLINK's ETD Center
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Dyrkacz, Richard Michael Ryan. "Corrosion at the head-neck taper interface of artificial hip joints". Journal of Arthroplasty, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1993/30545.

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The aim of this thesis was to determine if the size of the femoral head can influ-ence corrosion at the head-neck taper interface of total hip arthroplasty (THA) prosthe-ses. A hypothesis was developed that large head sizes could result in a greater toggling torque at the head-neck taper interface by increasing the distance between the centre of the femoral head to the centre of the neck taper. This could result in increased micromotion and deteriorate the passive oxide film along the head-neck taper interface; thus, making the taper interface vulnerable to corrosion. A retrieval analysis of 74 THA prostheses studied the corrosion damage at the head-neck taper interface. This study revealed that prostheses featuring 36 mm femoral heads had significantly greater head taper corrosion than prostheses with a 28 mm head. Finite element analysis was performed afterwards to identify if the use of large femoral heads can increase the micromotion at the head-neck taper interface due to a greater toggling torque. This experiment demonstrated that with a larger head size the micromotion at the head-neck taper interface increases. An in vitro corrosion fatigue study was performed afterwards following ASTM F1875-98. When applying an off-axis fatigue load, prostheses featuring a 36 mm femoral head displayed significantly more corrosion damage at the head-neck taper interface than those with a 28 mm femoral head. Axial fatigue loading was also applied; negligible corrosion damage at the head-neck taper interface was discovered in comparison to the prostheses that received an out of axis load. This verifies that the use of large femoral heads can result in increased head-neck taper corrosion due to a greater toggling torque.
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Ramjee, Shatish. "Numerical analysis of lubrication in an artificial hip joint". Pretoria : [s.n.], 2007. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-09152008-133304/.

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Walker, David. "Wear of alumina-on-alumina hip prostheses : indentation, fatigue". Thesis, The University of Sydney, 1996. https://hdl.handle.net/2123/27592.

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A compressive fatigue testing apparatus was constructed and used to model the wear of alumina-on-alumina hip prostheses via asperity contact. A ball indenter was used to indent flat alumina specimens which has similar mechanical properties, and initial contact stress versus the number of cycles until wear initiation or to gross wear were plotted for two different grainsized aluminas.
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Wu, Jun Jie. "The integrity of moulded ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene for joint replacement prostheses". Thesis, University of Oxford, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.325574.

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Ganguli, Arunima. "The interaction of bisphosphonates in solution and as coatings on hydroxyapatite with osteoblasts and macrophages". Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.248739.

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Miles, Brad. "Reducing the risk of peri-prosthetic femoral fracture : prothesis, patient or procedure?" Phd thesis, Faculty of Engineering and Information Technologies, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/9987.

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Libri sul tema "Artificial hip joints"

1

K, Bawari R., a cura di. Total hip replacement surgery: (principles and techniques). New Delhi: Jaypee Brothers Medical Pub., 2010.

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2

Love, Cynthia B. Total hip replacement: January 1991 through April 1994 : 1095 citations. Bethesda, Md: U.S. Dept. of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, National Institutes of Health, National Library of Medicine, Reference Section, 1994.

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3

Gese, Helmut. Werkstoffkundliche und mechanische Optimierung von zementfreien Hüftendoprothesen. Regensburg: S. Roderer, 1992.

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4

J, Callaghan John, Rosenberg Aaron G e Rubash Harry E, a cura di. The adult hip. 2a ed. Philadephia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2007.

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1994), Wiener Symposium (3rd. The Zweymüller total hip prosthesis: 15 years' experience. A cura di Zweymüller K. Seattle: Hogrefe & Huber, 1998.

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Hip replacements: What you need to know. Commack, N.Y: Kroshka Books, 1998.

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J, Callaghan John, Rosenberg Aaron G e Rubash Harry E, a cura di. The adult hip. Philadelphia: Lippincott-Raven Publishers, 1998.

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8

McCormack, Brendan Anthony Oliver. On damage accumulation in cemented hip replacements. Dublin: University College Dublin, 1997.

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1999), Wiener Symposium (4th. 20 years of Zweymüller hip endoprosthesis: 4th Vienna Symposium. A cura di Zweymüller K. Bern: Verlag Hans Huber, 2002.

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10

Shinichi, Imura, Wada M. 1955- e Omori H. 1961-, a cura di. Joint arthroplasty. Tokyo: Springer, 1999.

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Capitoli di libri sul tema "Artificial hip joints"

1

Saverio, Affatato. "Testing of Artificial Hip Joints". In Encyclopedia of Tribology, 3543–47. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-92897-5_1294.

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Oka, Masanori. "Load-Bearing Mechanisms of Natural and Artificial Joints". In Hip Biomechanics, 255–63. Tokyo: Springer Japan, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-68237-0_24.

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3

Meng, Qingen. "Lubrication Modeling of Artificial Hip Joints". In Encyclopedia of Tribology, 2096–101. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-92897-5_1276.

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Liu, Feng. "Wear Modeling of Artificial Hip Joints". In Encyclopedia of Tribology, 4045–50. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-92897-5_1278.

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Ren, Y. "Biomaterials and Coatings for Artificial Hip Joints". In Biomaterials and Materials for Medicine, 105–43. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003161981-4.

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Pal, Subrata. "The Hip Joint and Its Artificial Replacement". In Design of Artificial Human Joints & Organs, 177–94. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-6255-2_11.

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Gao, Yongchang, e Zhong-Min Jin. "Biomechanics and Biotribology of UHMWPE Artificial Hip Joints". In Springer Series in Biomaterials Science and Engineering, 241–86. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-6924-7_8.

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Askari, E., P. Flores, D. Dabirrahmani e R. Appleyard. "Wear Prediction of Ceramic-on-Ceramic Artificial Hip Joints". In New Trends in Mechanism and Machine Science, 463–70. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-09411-3_49.

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Takadama, Hiroaki, e Mineo Mizuno. "A Simulated Synovial Fluid for Wear Characterization of Artificial Hip Joints by a Hip Joint Simulator". In Bioceramics 18, 1273–76. Stafa: Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/0-87849-992-x.1273.

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Yousif, A. E. "Modes of Failure in Natural and Artificial Human Hip Joints". In IFMBE Proceedings, 157–62. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-01697-4_58.

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Atti di convegni sul tema "Artificial hip joints"

1

Bulstrode, Christopher, Alan R. Turner-Smith e Steven P. White. "X-Ray photogrammetry of artificial hip joints". In Close-Range Photogrammetry Meets Machine Vision. SPIE, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2294318.

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2

Youness, Abdel-Latif, L. A. Abde-Latif e A. M. A. El-Butch. "Elasto-Hydrodynamic Analysis of Human Artificial Hip Joint Prostheses". In ASME 2005 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2005-80273.

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Abstract (sommario):
Hip joint is one of the most important human joints that should be fully understood. The present research work aims at improving the tribological performance of the human artificial hip joint prostheses to help in producing reliable ones using design charts. An elasto-hydrodynamic model of the hip joint is proposed and numerical solution of the governing equations using finite difference technique is used to predict the elasto-hydrodynamic behavior of such joint. Parametric study has been conducted and results have shown that, thicker cup gives better tribological performance and the increase in the femoral head radius results in decreasing the non-dimensional maximum pressure and decreasing the non-dimensional minimum film thickness. Also, increasing the angular velocity doesn’t affect the tribological behavior considerably.
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Ali, M., J. Hoffman, P. Hayes e T. Matthews. "Impact Behavior of Graded Porous Hip Joint". In ASME 2013 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2013-14583.

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Abstract (sommario):
The occurrence of primary and revision total hip and knee arthoplasty in the United States is increasing [1] due to several factors which include aging population and longer life expectancies [2]. The hip joint is one of the most commonly replaced joints with more than 120,000 artificial hip joints being implanted in the United States [3]. Complications associated with hip replacements include aseptic failure and prosthetic-joint infection [4]. Implant failure is known to cause significant morbidity, pain on weight-bearing, and increased health care costs [2, 5].
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Fischer, Alfons. "Clinical and Laboratory Wear Mechanisms of Artificial Hip Joints (Keynote)". In World Tribology Congress III. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/wtc2005-64132.

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Abstract (sommario):
Some open questions raised by the reaction of tissue on particles require the knowledge of the acting wear mechanisms. These have to be clarified within the macro-, micro-, and nanoscale. Thus, this contribution focuses on the wear mechanisms of hard-hard artificial hip joints which have been verified to act both in clinical application and both during laboratory simulation. Some aspects of novel developments will be discussed on the basis of these findings.
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Boedo, S., S. A. Coots e J. F. Booker. "Swing Phase Lubrication Analysis of a Novel Artificial Hip Joint". In ASME 2013 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2013-64356.

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This paper investigates swing-phase cavitation formation and collapse in a novel artificial hip joint using a well-established transient mass-conserving finite element cavitation algorithm. Elastic elements and ellipsoidal cup surface geometry are incorporated into the new design to promote and enhance ‘squeeze-film’ action over ‘wedge-film’ action employed in conventional artificial hip joints. During the swing phase of the gait cycle, the lubricant film undergoes cavitation from normal separation of ball and cup surfaces. Reformation of a complete lubricant film is predicted over a wide range of sub-ambient cavitation threshold pressures, ball velocities, ellipticity specifications, and ball initial positions that are likely to be encountered in practice.
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Meyer, Donna M., e John A. Tichy. "Three-Dimensional Lubrication Model of an Artificial Hip Joint With Gait Analysis". In ASME 1999 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece1999-0418.

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Abstract (sommario):
Abstract The development of the hip prosthesis is a result of extensive collaboration between the medical and engineering fields. Although the technology to replace ailing human joints with artificial replicas is quite advanced, these remarkable advances require additional attention. In particular, extending the service life of a hip prosthesis is a primary consideration. An artificial hip joint may require revision surgery due to a number of contributions, one of which is extensive wear. Within the first few years following hip implantation, high amounts of wear particles form due to the contact of the articulating surfaces. The amounts of wear debris generated is a function of the material combinations of the rubbing surfaces of the joint, the amount of lubrication present in the joint during activity and the types and levels of activity.
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Wang, F. C., Z. M. Jin e I. J. Udofia. "Elasto-Hydrodynamic Lubrication Modelling of Spherical Metal-on-Metal Artificial Hip Joints". In World Tribology Congress III. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/wtc2005-63556.

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Abstract (sommario):
A full numerical methodology was developed for the elasto-hydrodynamic lubrication analysis of hip joint implants for the lubrication problem in spherical and conformal contacts. Typical results of a metal-on-metal hip implant were obtained to illustrate the applicability of the numerical methodology developed in the present study.
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Tichy, John, e Benyebka Bou-Sai¨d. "The PTT Model in Hip Joint Replacement: Shock Loading". In World Tribology Congress III. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/wtc2005-63979.

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Abstract (sommario):
The Phan-Thien Tanner (PTT) model is one of the most widely used rheological models. It can properly describe all the common characteristics of viscoelastic non-Newtonian fluids. Synovial fluid of human joints, which also lubricates artificial joints, is well known to be highly viscoelastic. Thus it is reasonable to attempt to describe such joint behavior using non-Newtonian flow models. Modeling the geometry of the total hip replacement, the PTT model is applied in spherical coordinates to a thin confined fluid film. As an illustrative problem, the case of a sudden impulsive start of simple squeezing motion is solved, similar to landing on one’s feet after a vertical jump. The phenomena of shear thinning, stress relaxation, and stress overshoot are all exhibited.
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Topoleski, L. D. Timmie. "Mechanical Failure of Artificial Joint Materials: Wear and Fatigue". In ASME 2000 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2000-2656.

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Abstract (sommario):
Abstract Total artificial joint replacements are one of the most effective treatments for arthritis. Artificial joints are used to replace damaged cartilage and act as low-friction articulating materials in joints. During normal human walking, some of the materials used for artificial knee and hip replacements are subjected to both sliding articulation (relative motion) and cyclic loading. A common example is the CoCrMo alloy femoral surface of an artificial knee that articulates against an ultra-high-molecular-weight-polyethylene (UHMWPE) component. Other materials do not experience relative motion (at least not intentionally) and are subjected to only cyclic loading. An example is the poly(methyl methacrylate) or PMMA bone cement used to fix components of artificial joints into bones. In the case of articulating materials, both surfaces are susceptible to wear, from both second-body and third body (in the presence of abrasive particles) mechanisms. Wear of the UHMWPE has received considerable attention recently, since the polymer wear is far more obvious than the metal wear. The Biomaterials field is developing an understanding of the wear mechanisms and how to enhance the wear resistance of UHMWPE. The wear of the metal components has not received as much attention, yet materials wear as a couple; both surfaces play a role in the overall wear. In the UMBC Laboratory for Implantable Materials, we are investigating the mechanisms of CoCrMo alloy wear, and the effect of worn metal components on the wear of UHMWPE. Understanding the wear mechanisms of metal components may help to extend the life of artificial joints by allowing new articulating material combinations and joint designs. For non-articulating materials, fatigue failure is a primary concern. Fatigue of metal components is relatively rare. In the distal portion of an artificial hip, the metal hip stem is fixed into the bone by a layer of PMMA bone cement. The PMMA bone cement is far weaker and less resistant to fracture and fatigue than either the bone or the metal, and thus may be considered the mechanical “weak link” in cemented total joints. We are investigating the fatigue properties of PMMA bone cements, and studying the mechanisms of fatigue crack initiation. If we can determine how fatigue cracks start in bone cement, we may be able to develop, for example, new surgical procedures (e.g., bone preparation) that will reduce the likelihood of fatigue failure. New formulations of bone cement have been developed for both joint fixation, and also for bone repair or replacement. Understanding the failure mechanisms of bone cements may enable safe and effective new uses for new bone cements, and extend the lives of cemented artificial joints.
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Wang, Fengcai, e Zhongmin Jin. "Lubrication Modelling of Artificial Hip Joints: From Fluid Film to Boundary Lubrication Regimes". In ASME 7th Biennial Conference on Engineering Systems Design and Analysis. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/esda2004-58077.

Testo completo
Abstract (sommario):
A full numerical methodology was developed for the mixed lubrication analysis of hip implants, covering a continuous spectrum from full fluid film to boundary (dry contact) lubrication regimes. The methodology was applied to a typical hip implant employing an ultra high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) acetabular cup in articulation with a metallic femoral head. It was shown that as the viscosity decreased, direct contact was initiated at the exit regions both in the entraining and side-leakage directions where the minimum film thickness occurred. As the viscosity decreased further, the direct contact area increased and until eventually became similar to the dry contact area.
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