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Letteratura scientifica selezionata sul tema "Army backpack"

Autore: Grafiati

Pubblicato: 4 giugno 2021

Ultima modifica: 20 febbraio 2023

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Articoli di riviste sul tema "Army backpack"

Fernandes, André, e Ana Bailão. "Filling and retouching of losses in a Portuguese Army model 1859 clothes backpack". Ge-conservacion 18, n. 1 (10 dicembre 2020): 258–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.37558/gec.v18i1.853.

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Two identical backpacks were treated on two occasions to be exhibited alongside at the Lisbon Military Museum. Although both backpacks are the model 1859, the treatment procedures related to the painted canvas were approached differently. The distortions and losses of canvas on the first treated backpack were easily addressed with an ultrasonic humidifier and the insertion of new canvas. Regarding the surface coating, it was consolidated with BEVA® 371, and the inserted canvas was filled with a pigmented wax paste described in a book from the late 19th century. The second backpack was in far worse condition, which, when compared with archive record, seemed likely that it was exhibited for a long period in a damp environment. There were also traces of an organic coating distinct from the original coating. These conditions resulted in a stiffer backpack, with more losses of canvas and surface coating. As a result, the distortions could not be removed, new fabric could not be properly inserted, and the consolidation of the surface coating had to be addressed in a different way. For these motives, the goal of treatment of the second treated backpack was cut short for a more realistic goal, but resulted in a good outcome, nonetheles.

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Rony Rinaldho, Alran, Erzi Agson Gani e Ade Bagdja. "ERGONOMICS IN MILITARY PLATFORM DESIGN: A REVIEW". International Journal of Education and Social Science Research 05, n. 01 (2022): 362–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.37500/ijessr.2022.5129.

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Design is a very important process in the creation of a product, included in a military platform design process. The role of a design and a product designer is very important to determine the right design according to the design requirements and objectives in the field. A product designer must consider various aspects including ergonomics, because ergonomics is a very important and dominant factor in a military platform design to reduce injuries to soldiers. This study examines the role of ergonomics in a military platform design, namely in soldiers’ backpacks. From the results of the research that has been done, it is found that the Indonesian military soldiers backpack is currently still not ergonomic because it still uses the Korean military standard size as a production place for the backpack used. Therefore, it is necessary to redesign the backpack that meets the ergonomic aspects of Indonesian army. It was found that the configuration of the Indonesian soldier's backpack that should be used is a backpack that has the 5th percentile with 51 cm for the length of the backpack and 30 cm for backpack width as in the 5A configuration. Or can use the 95th percentile size with 57 cm for backpack length and 39 cm for backpack widths like those in configuration 3B. The maximum load a soldier can carry based on this research is 10% of body weight so that the soldier's posture remains normal and does not cause musculoskeletal injuries or musculoskeletal disorders.

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Nunes Fernandes, André Filipe. "Model 1859 Portuguese army clothes backpack. Historical note, conservation and restoration treatment". Conservar Património 34 (31 luglio 2020): 155–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.14568/cp2018069.

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Johnson, Richard F., Joseph J. Knapik e Donna J. Merullo. "Symptoms during Load Carrying: Effects of Mass and Load Distribution during a 20-Km Road March". Perceptual and Motor Skills 81, n. 1 (agosto 1995): 331–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pms.1995.81.1.331.

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Soldiers must often carry heavy loads which can lead to symptoms of body soreness, aches, pains, and tiredness. This study assessed symptoms when soldiers carried loads in the standard U.S. Army ALICE pack (a single backpack) and in a prototype Double Pack (a two-pack system designed to alleviate symptoms by evenly distributing the load between a backpack and a frontpack). Each of 15 male soldiers completed a 20-km (12.4 mi) road march while carrying either 34, 48, or 61 kg (75, 105, or 135 lb) and while wearing either the ALICE pack or the Double Pack. Symptoms were assessed with the Environmental Symptoms Questionnaire. Premarch symptoms included feeling alert, good, and wide awake. Postmarch symptoms included tiredness, muscle tightness, and soreness of the legs, feet, back, and shoulders. Analyses of eight symptom factors showed that (a) as load increased, fatigue and muscle discomfort intensified, and alertness and feelings of well-being diminished and (b) distress and heat-illness indices were most intense at 61 kg with the Double Pack.

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Looney, David P., Elizabeth M. Doughty, Peter S. Figueiredo, Sai V. Vangala, J. Luke Pryor, William R. Santee, Holly L. McClung e Adam W. Potter. "Effects of modern military backpack loads on walking speed and cardiometabolic responses of US Army Soldiers". Applied Ergonomics 94 (luglio 2021): 103395. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apergo.2021.103395.

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Fuller, B. W., M. A. Boetel e M. J. McLeod. "Rescue Treatments for Army Cutworm Control in Winter Wheat, 1992:". Insecticide and Acaricide Tests 18, n. 1 (1 gennaio 1993): 294. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/iat/18.1.294.

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Abstract A winter wheat field near Wall, SD, was chosen for this experiment. Pretreatment counts indicated that the field was naturally infested with an average of 2.1 army cutworms per 2 ft2. The study involved a comparison of 8 insecticides and an untreated check. A RCB with 3 replicates was used. Plots were 36 X 36 ft separated by 3 ft alleys. Insecticide applications were made on 2 Apr using a CO2-propelled backpack canister sprayer system equipped with 8002 flat fan nozzles delivering 20 gal/acre at 29 psi. Live cutworm counts were made 7 DAT to determine insecticide efficacy. A sample consisted of randomly selecting a 2 ft section of wheat within a row, then sifting ca. 2 inches deep through a 6 inch wide swath of soil including, and on either side of the row. A total of 8 samples (2 ft2 each) was taken randomly from each plot. Two samples were taken from each quadrant within a plot. Data were analyzed via SAS GLM procedure and means were compared using DMRT. All insecticide treatments significantly reduced army cutworm levels in comparison to untreated plots. However, no significant differences existed between compounds or application rates.

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Jeruc Tanšek, Monika, Andrej Švent e Alan Kacin. "Effects of inspiratory muscle training on physical performance during backpack carrying". Annales Kinesiologiae 13, n. 1 (30 dicembre 2022): 5–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.35469/ak.2022.335.

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Purpose: Restricting chest movement when carrying a loaded backpack reduces efficiency and increases the work of the respiratory muscles. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of six weeks of inspiratory muscle training (IMT) on respiratory muscle strength and endurance and on physical performance when carrying a load. Methods: Twenty male (age: 32.2 ± 3.4 years) members of the Special Operations Unit of the Slovenian Army volunteered to participate. The experimental group (n=10) trained their respiratory muscles for six weeks against an incremental inspiratory resistance with a breathing apparatus. The placebo group (n=10) performed the same IMT protocol but with a sham inspiratory resistance. Assessment of the subjects before and after IMT included measurements of the maximal inspiratory and expiratory pressures, heart rate measurements, and ratings of perceived physical and respiratory exertion before and after a 60-min walk test with a 25-kg backpack. Results: After six weeks of IMT, the maximum inspiratory pressure measured before and after the 60-minute walk test increased significantly (p < 0.001) in the experimental group by 47 ± 13% and 58 ± 20%, respectively. Inspiratory fatigue was also significantly lower in the experimental group. No changes were observed in the heart rate and the rating of perceived exertion during the walking test. In the placebo group, no significant changes were observed in the measured parameters after IMT.Conclusion: Six weeks of IMT with progressive breathing resistance improves strength and reduces fatigue of the respiratory muscles. Individuals who perform tasks that require them to carry a heavy backpack for extended periods of time may benefit from IMT.

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Fuller, B. W., M. A. Boetel, M. J. McLeod e J. M. Jenson. "Foliar-Applied Rescue Treatments for Army and Pale Western Cutworm Control in Winter Wheat, 1993". Arthropod Management Tests 19, n. 1 (1 gennaio 1994): 295–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/amt/19.1.295a.

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Abstract A winter wheat field near Murdo, SD, was chosen for this experiment. Pretreatment counts indicated that the field was naturally infested with an average of 2.4 live cutworm larvae per 2 ft2. The study involved a performance comparison of 12 insecticide treatments with an untreated check. A RCBD replicated 3 times was used. Pretreatment infestation level was used as the blocking criterion. Treatment plots were 30 × 30 ft sections of winter wheat separated by 3-ft alleys on all sides. Insecticide applications were carried out (14 May) using a CO2-propelled backpack canister sprayer system and a 6-ft boom equipped with 4, TeeJet 8002 flat fan nozzles delivering 20 gpa at 30 psi. Live cutworm counts were conducted at 6 DAT (20 May) to determine insecticide efficacy. A sample consisted of randomly selecting a 2 linear ft section of wheat within a row, then sifting ca. 2 inches deep through a 6-inch wide swath of soil including, and on either side of the row. Two samples were taken from each quadrant within a plot (i.e., a total of eight 2 ft2-samples were taken randomly from each plot). Cutworm count data were analyzed via SAS’s General Linear Models (GLM) procedure and means were compared using Duncan’s Multiple Range Test.

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Harper, William H., Joseph J. Knapik e Rene de Pontbriand. "Equipment Compatibility and Performance of Men and Women during Heavy Load Carriage". Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 41, n. 1 (ottobre 1997): 604–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1071181397041001133.

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This study examined the relative load-carrying ability of men and women. Nineteen male and fifteen female soldiers carried loads of 18, 27, and 36 kg during individual voluntary maximal speed 10-km road marches. Measures included march times, pre- post-march vertical jump and grenade throw, and a post-march questionnaire about equipment compatibility. The major findings were that the average march rates for both male and female soldiers in all load conditions were faster than the rates published in U.S. Army field manuals. This suggests that the test subjects were within the published zone of acceptable performance. Men completed the marches an average of 21% faster than the women. Women reported more problems with the shoulder straps, fit of the waist belts, and the fit and stability of the backpack. Data suggest that at least a portion of the gender differences in march rate may be explained by equipment problems reported by the women.

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Mastalerz, Andrzej, Tomasz Niźnikowski, Mariusz Buszta, Paweł Różański, Paweł Wiśniowski e Jerzy Sadowski. "Effect of two Backpack Designs on Cop Displacement and Plantar Force Distribution in Children during Upright Stance". Polish Journal of Sport and Tourism 23, n. 3 (1 settembre 2016): 123–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/pjst-2016-0015.

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AbstractIntroduction. Many studies have compared different backpack designs and their influence on the carrier; however, no data referring to school students aged 7-8 years are currently available. Therefore, the aim of the research was to assess the influence of backpack design on centre of pressure (COP) displacement and plantar force distribution in children during an upright stance. Material and methods. Nineteen school students (9 males and 10 females) volunteered for the study. Two Polish backpacks intended for school use were evaluated: backpack A, which had two main compartments, and backpack B, which had one main compartment. The backpack load was composed of books, binders, and regular school equipment. During the measurements, the subjects were asked to look ahead with the head straight and arms at the sides in a comfortable position and to stand barefoot on the F-Scan®sensors (Tekscan, F-Scan®) attached to the force platform (Kistler), carrying a load corresponding to 10% of their body mass. Results. The study found insignificant differences between the two backpack designs. Moreover, COP parameters increased significantly during an upright stance while carrying backpack B in comparison to the empty backpack condition. Additionally, we observed significantly higher values of plantar force distribution in the heel region for the condition without load and insignificantly higher ones for carrying backpack A. Conclusions. The results of the current study suggest that the differences between the two backpack designs are too marginal to be detected through COP displacement. Disturbances in plantar force distribution suggest a lack of posture control and a lower stability of the standing position with a backpack, but these disturbances were significant only when the backpack with one main compartment was used.

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Più fonti

Tesi sul tema "Army backpack"

Lehmann, Frederick Denis, University of Western Sydney, of Science Technology and Environment College e School of Environment and Agriculture. "Weight load carry : a review of the efficiency and effectiveness of the army backpack". THESIS_CSTE_EAG_Lehmann_F.xml, 2000. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/663.

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Military load carrying has occupied the attention of military developers, researchers and commanders over centuries. The Army backpack remains the means of carriage for ammunition and rations for the soldier in the field. The traditional rationale for its use has been that the infantry soldier must be able to sustain himself in combat and live independently for days at a time without resupply. At the Royal Military College, Duntroon (RMC), the mission is to produce men and women who are capable and effective officers and soldiers. The weight of the pack with the items required at RMC is often in excess of 40 kg. In evaluating the effectiveness of current practice, this thesis takes an anthropometric perspective in exploring the historical, physiological and social context of current loads carried by Australian soldiers, It does not, however, evaluate the content of the load itself. Research methods include: a/. Systematic examination of past research findings on the social and physiological aspects of military load carrying since the Roman Centurions. b/. Biophysical tesing of nine soldiers, using a battery of physiological tests to determine heart rates and energy expenditure at various loads. c/. A survey of 100 soldiers from the Royal Military College, Duntroon and in-depth interviews with a sample of four experienced soldiers to obtain the views of the load carriers. The research concludes that the optimum approach to load carrying, and so to the design of the Army backpack, is that it be task-and soldier-specific. This runs directly counter to the longstanding Army traditions of preparing all soldiers for every possible contingency in battle and regarding all soldiers as equivalent units. The study findings offer some specific directions in which the design of the army backpack can be improved.
Master of Science (Hons)

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Lehmann, Frederick Denis. "Weight load carry : a review of the efficiency and effectiveness of the army backpack /". View thesis, 1998. http://library.uws.edu.au/adt-NUWS/public/adt-NUWS20050810.122056/index.html.

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Lehmann, Frederick Denis. "Weight load carry : a review of the efficiency and effectiveness of the army backpack". Thesis, 2000. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/663.

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Libri sul tema "Army backpack"

United States. General Accounting Office., a cura di. COMMENTS ON FORMER ARMY MEMBER'S CLAIM FOR BACKPAY AND ALLOWANCES ... 087574, B-178330... U.S. GAO... MARCH 11, 1974. [S.l: s.n., 1998.

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Capitoli di libri sul tema "Army backpack"

Eisenberg, Carolyn Woods. "“We Might Have Burned Your House”". In Fire and Rain, 210–27. Oxford University PressNew York, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197639061.003.0013.

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Abstract This chapter focuses on the growing opposition to the war by Vietnam veterans and the demoralization among the troops still on the ground there. It begins with the Labor Day protest of Vietnam Veterans Against the War (VVAW). Dressed in Army fatigues and carrying military backpacks, VVAW marches along the historic route once taken by George Washington and the Continental Army during the Revolutionary War. Along the way, they attempt to replicate the activities they had conducted in “pacifying” South Vietnam. They called this march Operation RAW (Rapid American Withdrawal), which not incidentally was WAR spelled backwards. The chapter discusses the transformation of veteran Ron Kovic into a political activist, and the emergence of antiwar coffeehouses around military bases. The chapter culminates with a description of the Winter Soldier hearings and the revelation of massive war crimes committed by the US military.

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Atti di convegni sul tema "Army backpack"

Moore, D., C. Harrison e S. Moore. "5 The interchangeability of the 2.4 km run time and multistage fitness test score as performance predictors for phase 2 army recruits completing a 12.8 km loaded march carrying an 11 kg backpack and 4 kg rifle". In International Sports Science + Sports Medicine Conference, 4th September – 6th September 2018. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and British Association of Sport and Exercise Medicine, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2018-isssmc2018.5.

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Francis, Kevin C., Levi T. Rupert, Robert J. Lang, David C. Morgan, Spencer P. Magleby e Larry L. Howell. "From Crease Pattern to Product: Considerations to Engineering Origami-Adapted Designs". In ASME 2014 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2014-34031.

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Origami art provides possible inspiration for products that require extreme portability, stowability, and deployability. Origami-based design represents a possible source of innovative configurations for engineered products, which could meet challenging design situations. However, a fundamental gap exists between paper-based origami art and engineered products. This work proposes a basic terminology for origami-based design, and presents areas of consideration for cases where the final engineering design is directly related to a crease pattern. The considerations are applied after the crease pattern has been selected for a given application. Four areas of consideration are discussed: 1) rigid-foldability 2) crease characterization 3) material properties and dimensions and 4) manufacturing. Two diverse examples are used to illustrate these areas of consideration: design for a backpack shell, and design of a shroud for an adjustable C-Arm x-ray device.

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