Bibliografie tematiche / Arid regions ecology

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Letteratura scientifica selezionata sul tema "Arid regions ecology"

Autore: Grafiati

Pubblicato: 4 giugno 2021

Ultima modifica: 30 luglio 2024

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Articoli di riviste sul tema "Arid regions ecology"

Aboal, Marina, José Carlos Cristóbal e José Pedro Marín-Murcia. "Sobre la presencia de Nostoc commune var. flagelliforme (Nostocaceae, Cyanophyceae) en suelos arcillosos de regiones áridas del sureste español." Acta Botanica Malacitana 35 (1 dicembre 2010): 156–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.24310/abm.v35i0.6955.

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About the presence of Nostoc commune var. flagelliforme (Nostocaceae, Cyanophyceae) on clay soils from arid regions of south east SpainPalabras clave. Cyanophyceae, Nostoc, distribución, ecología, morfología, regiones áridas, SE España.Keywords. Cyanophyceae, Nostoc, distribution, ecology, morphology, arid regions, Southeastern Spain.

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Aboal, Marina, José Carlos Cristóbal e José Pedro Marín-Murcia. "Sobre la presencia de Nostoc commune var. flagelliforme (Nostocaceae, Cyanophyceae) en suelos arcillosos de regiones áridas del sureste español. About the presence of Nostoc commune var. flagelliforme (Nostocaceae, Cyanophyceae) on clay soils from arid regions of south east Spain". Acta Botanica Malacitana 35 (1 dicembre 2010): 156–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.24310/abm.v35i0.2859.

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About the presence of Nostoc commune var. ﬂ agelliforme (Nostocaceae, Cyanophyceae) on clay soils from arid regions of south east Spain Palabras clave. Cyanophyceae,Nostoc, distribución, ecología, morfología, regiones áridas, SE España. Keywords.Cyanophyceae, Nostoc, distribution, ecology, morphology, arid regions, Southeastern Spain.

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Zhang, Guo Zhen, Qian Wang e Fu Ping Wu. "Research on Water Ecology of Tunnel Engineering in Arid and Semi-Arid Regions". Applied Mechanics and Materials 212-213 (ottobre 2012): 647–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.212-213.647.

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This article focuses on the tunnel construction process in arid and semi-arid regions which producing water environment problems ,proposing to initialize the control for the water pollution, containment of surface water and groundwater quality deterioration and loss of water and soil in the process of tunnel construction.The water eco-system of tunnel engineering in the arid and semi-arid regions is researched and established, so as to achieve the control for the surface water and groundwater pollution problems of tunnel project in arid and semi-arid regions, and to provide relevant guidance for the tunnel project.

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Li, Xuehua, Xiaolan Li, Deming Jiang, Zhimin Liu e Qinghe Yu. "Annual plants in arid and semi-arid desert regions". Frontiers of Biology in China 3, n. 3 (14 marzo 2008): 259–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11515-008-0054-6.

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Cheng, Guo-dong, Du-ning Xiao e Gen-xu Wang. "Characteristics and construction of landscape ecology in arid regions". Chinese Geographical Science 10, n. 1 (marzo 2000): 13–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11769-000-0031-8.

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Sharma, K. D., e J. S. R. Murthy. "Ephemeral flow modelling in arid regions". Journal of Arid Environments 33, n. 2 (giugno 1996): 161–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/jare.1996.0054.

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Green, J. "Small Water Impoundments in Semi-arid Regions". Journal of Arid Environments 16, n. 3 (maggio 1989): 363. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-1963(18)30956-x.

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Delany, M. J. "Natural Resources and Development in Arid Regions". Journal of Arid Environments 9, n. 1 (luglio 1985): 94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-1963(18)31275-8.

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Sawyer, Benjamin. "Sandalwood (Santalum spicatum) establishment in the semi-arid and arid regions of Western Australia". Rangeland Journal 35, n. 1 (2013): 109. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rj12088.

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Harvesting of sandalwood (Santalum spicatum) occurs mainly from wild stands in the semi-arid and arid regions (typical annual rainfall 150–300 mm) of Western Australia. Regeneration of wild sandalwood in these regions is believed to be low since the occurrence of changes in land use associated with European settlement. This is thought to be due to factors including drought, poor seed dispersal and grazing. The objective of the study was to increase the germination and establishment of sandalwood through exploring seed response to rainfall. Additionally, the potential of soil-preparation techniques to utilise trace amounts of moisture was investigated. Two 25-ha plots were located either side of the semi-arid–arid divide. Into the plots 16 replicates of the control and 96 replicates of treatments were installed and sown with 11 200 seeds. Rainfall and other weather parameters were recorded at each site with an automated weather station. The study was replicated in 2008 and 2009. It was concluded from the study that there was a statistically significant relationship between germination and rainfall. It is proposed that the germination threshold is 264 mm per year which coincides with the long-term annual rainfall average of Kalgoorlie, Western Australia. Furthermore, a statistically significant relationship between germination and soil preparation was demonstrated. Ripping crust-forming soils before sowing and the construction of water-harvest banks had a positive effect. Information gained from these studies has led to the Western Australian State Government implementing a seeding program to increase sandalwood regeneration in the semi-arid region.

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Smanov, Zhassulan, Shakhislam Laiskhanov, Maksat Poshanov, Yerzhan Abikbayev, Saken Duisekov e Yerdaulet Tulegenov. "Mapping of Cornfield Soil Salinity in Arid and Semi-Arid Regions". Journal of Ecological Engineering 24, n. 1 (1 gennaio 2023): 146–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.12911/22998993/155952.

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Tesi sul tema "Arid regions ecology"

夏江瀛 e Kong-ying Ha. "Microbial ecology of arid environments". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/193421.

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Deserts comprise the largest terrestrial biome, making up approximately one third of the Earth’s land mass. They are defined in terms of moisture deficit using the Aridity Index with values <1. A further delineation based on mean annual temperatures into hot (>18°C), cold (<18°C) and polar (<0°C) deserts is employed. In the absence of significant macrobiota, microorganisms are key to desert ecosystems. They are located in near-surface soils, and include a widespread hypolithic mode of colonization, where microbial biomass develops on the ventral surfaces of quartz and other translucent stones. A literature review was conducted to appreciate the status of existing knowledge on these systems. Amongst unresolved questions that arose were the following, which form the basis of this inquiry: What are the taxonomic and functional differences between hypolithic and near-soil communities? Do hypolithic communities assemble differently in deserts of different xeric and thermal stresses? Can the keystone cyanobacterial taxa be cultivated under laboratory conditions to allow manipulative studies? The Mojave Desert in the USA was used as a model to test the extent to which hypolithic and near-surface soil communities vary in both taxonomic and putative functional composition. A common phylogenetic marker (16S rRNA gene ITS region) was used to conclude that soil and hypolithic communities are significantly different, although both were dominated by cyanobacteria. The ubiquitous hypolithic cyanobacterial taxon Chroococcidiopsis was encountered, although communities appeared to be dominated functionally by the diazotrophic genus Nostoc. The data strongly suggest that carbon and nitrogen fixation pathways in desert soils are mediated by the same taxa, although heterotrophic pathways may differ and support distinct assemblages of heterotrophic bacteria. An opportunistic sampling of three sites along a latitudinal gradient in China allowed some inference about adaptations in hypoliths. Communities recovered from the cold Tibetan Desert, Taklamakan Basin Desert, and exposed hillsides in tropical Hong Kong, did not display significant differences at the level of community assembly. This suggests that hypolithic taxa undergo strong selection for xeric and extreme thermal stresses. A cultivation strategy for the keystone taxon Chroococcidiopsis has been lacking and is an obvious impediment to manipulative physiological studies. Here various methods for laboratory cultivation were attempted. This bacterium proved extremely fastidious and displayed slow growth rates. After extensive trials a novel cultivation method was developed. This involved using plastic petri dishes containing liquid growth medium, into which glass coverslips were introduced along with cell suspensions. The surface energy of glass served as a nucleation site for Chroococcidiopsis biofilms (which do not develop on plastic surfaces) and this method was evaluated in growth studies as a means of quantifying growth. This research includes key advances to demonstrate that hypoliths and soil, whilst supporting different communities, likely perform similar functional roles in the desert soil. Selection due to the severe environmental stresses results in similar communities across large latitudinal and environmental gradients. The development of a cultivation strategy paves the way for manipulative physiological studies on these important organisms.
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Biological Sciences
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Doctor of Philosophy

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McGee, P. A. "Role of mycorrhizas in the regeneration of arid zone plants /". Title page, contents and summary only, 1987. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phm1448.pdf.

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Venter, Daniel Barend. "An ecological approach to the reclamation and improvement of arid rangelands using adapted fodder plants". Pretoria : [s.n.], 2005. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-03262007-124226.

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Chan, Yu-ki, e 陳裕琪. "Environmental genomic analysis of refuge habitats in hyper-arid deserts". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2011. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B46917366.

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Goff, Bruce Franklin. "Dynamics of canopy structure and soil surface cover in a semiarid grassland". Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1985. http://etd.library.arizona.edu/etd/GetFileServlet?file=file:///data1/pdf/etd/azu_e9791_1985_503_sip1_w.pdf&type=application/pdf.

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Becker, Anne [Verfasser]. "Assessment of constructed wetlands in arid regions with special regard to ecology and multifunctionability / Anne Becker". Aachen : Shaker, 2012. http://d-nb.info/106619761X/34.

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Lee, Enhua School of Biological Earth &amp Environmental Science UNSW. "The ecological effects of sealed roads in arid ecosystems". Awarded by:University of New South Wales. School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Science, 2006. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/26265.

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The effects of roads on landscapes and wildlife and their ecological processes are substantial and represent a major anthropogenic disruption to the natural environment. Current understanding of the impacts of roads for their strategic management is hampered by a lack of information on 1) the influence of the ecosystems on road effects, 2) the effects of roads on higher-order ecosystem responses (populations and communities), and 3) the overall impacts of roads on ecosystems and their wildlife (on both abiotic and biotic ecosystem components). This study used the Silver City Highway in arid New South Wales, Australia, as a model for a typical road in an arid ecosystem to investigate the ecological effects of arid-zone roads and their management. The study examined the spatial variation of soil, vegetation, kangaroo and small mammal variables in relation to the road, explored the factors contributing to these respective spatial variations, investigated the effects of arid-zone road management on vegetation, assessed the fragmentation effect of the arid-zone road on small mammals, and determined the patterns, causes and effects of kangaroo-vehicle collisions. The study revealed that the arid-zone road influenced most of the variables measured, skewed the population demographics of two kangaroo species, and altered the community composition of small mammals, with two small mammal species listed as threatened in NSW and of national significance (Sminthopsis macroura and Leggadina forresti) negatively impacted by the road. Increases in the amount of water along the road edge drove many of the subsequent effects of the arid-zone road as arid-zone flora and fauna are adapted to exploiting limited and patchily distributed resources. However, current arid-zone road management also influenced vegetation quality, microclimates around the road influenced kangaroo densities and small mammal communities, and kangaroo flight behaviour and temporal variations in traffic volume affected roadkill frequency. Together, these results suggest that roads have a high overall ecological impact in arid ecosystems. Conservation managers need to first rank the impacts of arid-zone roads in order of their conservation importance and need for mitigation, and from there, devise relevant informed management frameworks to target these impacts.

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Lee, Enhua. "The ecological effects of sealed roads in arid ecosystems". Connect to this title online, 2006. http://www.library.unsw.edu.au/~thesis/adt-NUN/public/adt-NUN20070315.091920/.

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Coventry, Ben. "Woody debris and the effect on the predicted probability of lizard capture in Arcoona Creek, Gammon Ranges National Park, South Australia /". Title page, abstract and table of contents only, 1998. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09AEVH/09aevhc873.pdf.

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Wood, Jamie Russell, e n/a. "Pre-settlement paleoecology of Central Otago�s semi-arid lowlands, with emphasis on the pre-settlement role of avian herbivory in South Island dryland ecosystems, New Zealand". University of Otago. Department of Geology, 2008. http://adt.otago.ac.nz./public/adt-NZDU20080211.142212.

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The vegetation communities that existed in the semi-arid intermontane basins and gorges of Central Otago prior to human settlement ~750 years B.P. are poorly understood. This is because of a lack of fossil evidence and complex restructuring by anthropogenic factors, especially increased fire frequency, and more recently mammalian grazing. There is also little information regarding the effect of the lost fauna on maintaining and structuring presettlement communities, both in Central Otago and throughout the eastern South Island dryland zone. This study aims to provide a clearer understanding of the functioning of pre-settlement ecosystems in dryland Central Otago, particularly the role of the largest vertebrate herbivores, the moa (Aves: Dinornithiformes), and to explore the implications of the extinct fauna for land conservation management across New Zealand. Late Pleistocene and Holocene vegetation communities of the Central Otago lowlands were reconstructed from plant macrofossils, including seeds, leaves, and wood, excavated from rockshelter, cave, and swamp deposits throughout the region. The macrofossils represent three main vegetation types: late Pleistocene to mid (late?) Holocene basin floor wetland herb associations, Olearia-shrublands surrounding these wetlands, and mid to late Holocene open scrubland and woodland in gorges and on low altitude slopes, dominated by filiramulate Olearia, Coprosma, and Corokia, with abundant lianes (Muehlenbeckia spp. and Rubus spp.) and understorey herbs. Many native tree and shrub species that are presently widespread in the Central Otago lowlands were rare or absent prior to anthropogenic fires (e.g. Discaria toumatou, Kunzea ericoides, Leptospermum scoparium). Other tree and shrub species once present are now extinct in the region (e.g. Coprosma obconica, Plagianthus regius, Pseudopanax ferox). The loss of these indigenous woody vegetation communities was a major factor contributing to the extirpation of many small bird species, and undoubtedly also reptile and invertebrate species, from the region. Plant macrofossils from rockshelters included remains of bird nests, identifiable by desiccated feathers and eggshell amongst them. These macrofossils include the first described plant remains from the nests of moa, which were constructed from a shallow bed of twigs of locally available shrubs and lianes. Many of the twigs are 25-30 mm in length and show evidence of having been clipped by moa bills. Desiccated coprolites, mostly of moa, but also specimens attributed to Finsch�s duck (Chenonetta finschi) and red-crowned parakeet (Cyanoramphus novaezelandiae), were recovered from rockshelter excavations. Moa species associated with a sample of coprolites were identified using ancient DNA analysis, and plant macrofossils from these were examined, together with previously unexamined moa gizzard content samples excavated from mires in the eastern South Island dryland zone. The results indicate that, in addition to previously reported browsing, upland moa (Megalapteryx didinus) and heavy-footed moa (Pachyornis elephantopus) also functioned as grazers, and seeds in their coprolites are dominantly of low shrubs and ground-cover herbs. Of particular interest was the higher than expected frequency of seeds from the currently rare and threatened 'spring annual' herbs; Ceratocephala pungens and Myosurus minimus subsp. novae-zelandiae (Ranunculaceae), suggesting further research on potential ecological relationships between moa and these plants would be worthwhile. The results of this study have provided a baseline for future conservation and restoration projects in the Central Otago lowlands.

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Libri sul tema "Arid regions ecology"

Bothma, J. du P. Carnivore ecology in arid lands. Berlin: Springer, 1998.

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Partnership for Arid Lands Stewardship (PALS), a cura di. Arid lands: Teacher handbook. [Richland, Wash: Partnership for Arid Lands Stewardship, 1999.

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De la Rosa, Mauricio Alberto., a cura di. Arid environments. Hauppauge, NY: Nova Science Publishers, 2009.

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1904-, Evenari Michael, Noy-Meir Imanuel e Goodall David W. 1914-, a cura di. Hot deserts and arid shrublands. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 1985.

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S, Faroda A., e Arid Zone Research Association of India., a cura di. Management of arid ecosystem. Jodhpur: Arid Zone Research Association of India and Scientific Publishers, 1999.

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Innes, Clarke John, e Noin Daniel, a cura di. Population and environment in arid regions. Paris: UNESCO, 1998.

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Syria) Nadwat Taṭwīr al-Manāṭiq al-Jāffah wa-Shibh al-Jāffah (1997 Damascus. Nadwat Taṭwīr al-Manāṭiq al-Jāffah wa-Shibh al-Jāffah: Al-muḥāḍarāt allatī ulqiyat bi-munāsabat Usbūʻ al-ʻIlm al-Sabiʻ wa-al-Thalāthīn, Dimashq, 6 Tishrīn al-thānī 1997. [Dimashq]: Jāmiʻat Dimashq, 1998.

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Zvolinskiĭ, V. P., e D. M. Khomi︠a︡kov. Problemy rat︠s︡ionalʹnogo prirodopolʹzovanii︠a︡ aridnykh zon Evrazii. Moskva: Moskovskiĭ gos. universitet, 2000.

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1935-, Kolarkar A. S., Joshi D. C. 1943- e Kar Amal, a cura di. Land resources and their management for sustainability and arid regions. Jodhpur, India: Scientific Publishers, 1996.

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1935-, Kolarkar A. S., Joshi D. C. 1943- e Sharma K. D. 1950-, a cura di. Rehabilitation of degraded arid ecosystem. Jodhpur: Scientific Publishers, 1992.

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Capitoli di libri sul tema "Arid regions ecology"

Archibold, O. W. "The arid regions". In Ecology of World Vegetation, 95–130. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-0009-0_4.

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Hu, Chunxiang, Kunshan Gao e Brian A. Whitton. "Semi-arid Regions and Deserts". In Ecology of Cyanobacteria II, 345–69. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-3855-3_12.

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Scott, John K., Margaret H. Friedel, A. C. Grice e Bruce L. Webber. "Weeds in Australian Arid Regions". In On the Ecology of Australia’s Arid Zone, 307–30. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-93943-8_12.

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Burrows, Neil D. "Feral Animals in the Semi-arid and Arid Regions of Australia: Origins, Impacts and Control". In On the Ecology of Australia’s Arid Zone, 331–73. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-93943-8_13.

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Leprun, Jean-Claude. "Comparative Ecology of Two Semi-Arid Regions: the Brazilian Sertão and the African Sahel". In Soils and Sediments, 157–72. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-60525-3_8.

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Zahran, M. A., M. A. El-Demerdash e I. A. Mashaly. "On the ecology of Juncus acutus and J. rigidus as fiber producing halophytes in arid regions". In Towards the rational use of high salinity tolerant plants, 331–42. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-1860-6_40.

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van Etten, Eddie J. B., e Neil D. Burrows. "On the Ecology of Australia’s Arid Zone: ‘Fire Regimes and Ecology of Arid Australia’". In On the Ecology of Australia’s Arid Zone, 243–82. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-93943-8_10.

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Onuf, Christopher P., e Joy B. Zedler. "Pattern and Process in Arid-Region Salt Marshes — Southern California". In The Ecology and Management of Wetlands, 570–81. New York, NY: Springer US, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-8378-9_47.

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Onuf, Christopher P., e Joy B. Zedler. "Pattern and Process in Arid-Region Salt Marshes — Southern California". In The Ecology and Management of Wetlands, 570–81. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-7392-6_47.

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Huntley, Brian John. "The Ecological Role of Fire". In Ecology of Angola, 149–65. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-18923-4_7.

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AbstractFire is the great consumer of Africa’s vegetation cover, most markedly since the Late Miocene (10 Million years ago) due to the cooling and drying, and increased seasonality, of the climate. Dry winters presented ideal conditions for extensive fires, opening forests and expanding grassy savannas and their fire adapted trees and C4 grasses. This Chapter describes the complex geophysical and biological process and feedback mechanisms that govern different fire regimes and fire types, collectively termed pyromes. Fire regimes differ widely across Angola, with frequent, cool, small fires being typical of the miombo mesic savannas, rare, intense and large fires typical of arid savannas. Frequent, intense, large fires are typical of the extensive peneplains of the Lundas and Cuando Cubango. Responses of plants and animals to fires differ between biomes. Pyrophobic forest trees are fire-intolerant, but pyrophilic savanna trees have evolved many adaptive traits, such as thick bark, ligno-tubers, epicormic buds and self-pruning. The responses of humans to fire have evolved over millennia, being used as a tool in agriculture and hunting, but increasingly, with a frequency that is detrimental to ecosystem resilience and human wellbeing.

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Atti di convegni sul tema "Arid regions ecology"

"Application of Regionalism Method Based Cropped Ecology for Determination Production Vacuity of Irrigated Wheat Yield in Arid and Semi-Arid Regions, Iran". In Budapest 2017 International Conferences. EAP, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.17758/eap.c0917008.

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Chen, Rui, Jiaqi Liu, Wenyuan Niu, Xiangzheng Deng, Guijin Mu, Mayke Wagner e Karl Geldmacher. "Critical controlling of PRED system of oasis ecology in the arid region of central Asia: a case study of Keriya River Valley oases, Xinjiang". In Third International Asia-Pacific Environmental Remote Sensing Remote Sensing of the Atmosphere, Ocean, Environment, and Space, a cura di Xiaoling Pan, Wei Gao, Michael H. Glantz e Yoshiaki Honda. SPIE, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.466176.

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Xianglian Li and Xiusheng Yang. "Sustainable Water Resources Management in the Upper and Middle Parts of the Yellow River Basin: a Regional Scale Integrated Hydro-Ecolo-Econo Model for Semi-arid Areas". In 2005 Tampa, FL July 17-20, 2005. St. Joseph, MI: American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/2013.19050.

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