Tesi sul tema "Arabisation du Nord de l'Afrique"
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D'accardio, Berlinguer Alessia. "The Arabic Spoken in Kairouan (Tunisia) : towards a Reassessment of the Arabization of Northern Africa". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris, INALCO, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024INAL0008.
Testo completoThis dissertation provides a comprehensive description of the phonology and morphology of the Arabic variety spoken in the city of Kairouan (Tunisia). The phonological and morphological description results from the analysis of narrative texts and questionnaires I collected during field research. My description is based on the functionalism methodological approach commonly applied in the most significant studies of descriptive and comparative Maghrebi Arabic dialectology. This approach also includes comparative remarks on geographically and typologically related varieties of Arabic. Moreover, I embrace the variationist analysis based on different sociolinguistic parameters. Furthermore, this dissertation aims at contributing to the debate about the reassessment of the traditional classification of Maghrebi Arabic. It questions the validity of the monogenetic origin of first-layer Maghrebi Arabic from ancient Kairouani Arabic and David Cohen’s theory on the parlers kairouanais. In doing so, this study focuses on the major historical phases and social phenomena occurring in the Maghreb (7th - 11th centuries) in correspondence with the beginning of the two so-called waves of Arabization. From a comparative point of view, I analyze the diachronic development and the synchronic distribution of three isoglosses in first-layer Arabic across present-day and more ancient varieties. This socio-historical focus and diachronic and diatopic comparison of this study contribute to showing the weakness of the Kairouani monogenetic origin of first-layer Maghrebi
Le, Gourriérec Jean-Michel. "Les vétérans et l'Afrique". Montpellier 3, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002MON30043.
Testo completoVeterans constituted a privileged social group, deeply attached to the most traditional Roman values which subsisted within the army. In Africa, they were the main beneficiaries of the official colonization from 102 B. C. . Their presence is attested everywhere during the Imperial era by epigraphic sources allowing to make a census of 783 veterans. Their influence on the development of economical and municipal structures was considerable in many areas. The families which they founded despite their old age also favorised the increase of the African Roman population which they usually belonged to from the second century A. C. Onwards
Le, Houérou Henri-Noël. "Recherches biogéographiques sur les steppes du Nord de l'Afrique". Montpellier 3, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992MON30018.
Testo completoTHIS WORK IS A SYNTHESIS ON THE BIOGEOGRAPHY OF THE ARID STEPPE LAND OF NORTHERN AFRICA FROM THE SUEZ CANAL TO THE ATLANTIC OCEAN; IT INCLUDES THE AUTHOR'S research AND NUMEROUS PUBLICATIONS ON THE SUBJECT (SOME 130 PAPERS AND BOOKS) CARRIED OUT OVER A PERIOD OF SOME 40 YEARS. THE BOOK IS 450 PAGES LONG AND CONTAINS THE MAIN FOLLOWING CHAPTERS: INTRODUCTION, GENERAL PROBLEMS, FLORISTIC AND PHYTOGEOGRAPHIC ANALYSIS OF THE ARID STEPPE LAND, REFERENCES (550), FIGURES (13), PHOTOS VI TABLES OF APPENDIX (137P. ) ON THE GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION OF MAMMALS, BIRDS, REPTILES AND PLANTS ON GEOGRAPHIC, WATER STRESS TOLERANCE AND COLD TOLERANCE CRITERIA. THE AREA CONCERNED INCLUDES THE ARID ZONE OF THE 5 COUNTRIES OF NORTHERN AFRICA: EGYPT, LIBYA, TUNISIA, ALGERIA AND MOROCCO, OR PART OF THEM, LYING BETWEEN THE 100 AND 400 MM OF MEAN ANNUAL RAINFALL ISOLINES. THE WORK INCLUDES A SYNTHETIC AND AN ANALYTIC PART. THE SYNTHETIC DESCRIPTIVE PART INCLUDES THE DELIMITATION AND SUBDIVISIONS OF THE STEPPIC ZONE ON ECOCLIMATIC, PHYOTGEOGRAPHIC, ZOO GEOGRAPHIC AND AGRONOMICAL CRITERIA OF PLANTS ANIMALS AND CROP DISTRIBUTION. THE ANALYTICAL PART IS A REVIEW OF PLANT AND ANIMAL DISTRIBUTION, THEIR BIOGEOGRAPHICLE KINSHIP WITH SIMILAR AREAS OF SPAIN, THE NEAR EAST, THE SAHARA AND THE ARABIAN PENINSULA. THIS PART IS QUITE ORIGINAL; IT SHOWS , IN DETAIL, THE EVIDENCE OF AN IBERO MAGHREBIAN ELEMENT OF PHYTOCHORIA, EQUIVALENT TO THE NEAR EASTERN IRONA-TOURANIAN ELEMENT, BOTH. .
Levisse-Touzé, Christine. "L'Afrique du Nord : recours ou secours ? : septembre 1939 - juin 1943". Paris 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA010502.
Testo completoFrom sept. 1939 to june 1943, na is a resort and a relief a relief as far as human and economical resources are concerned, the essential supply of local forces. When in june 1940, na emerges as the ultimate resort to fight on, there is no choice but to admit that it neither disposes of the economical, industrial,nor of the necessary military meansz. From june 1940 to november 1942, it embolies all the hopes for revenge for the few gaullists, then for the african army and finally for the resistance fighters gathered around the five, who are working out the plans for the landing of the allies with murphy. From this point of view, na is neither the home country nor the whole empire. The establishment of german and italian control commissions after the armistice opens up a new with an effective propaganda amoung moslems. In the meantime, she is associated with its policy of collaboration with germany and italy by the vichy government. The english assault against mers El-Klebir, the fraticide syrian war, and an ambiguous policy enforced by weygand and juin involve dramatic consequences with the combats in the american landing. From 1942 onward, the geographical situation of the magrab grants is an essential position. Northern africa is then led to play an unprecedented part, as a strategic bridge head for the liberation of the national teritory. The victory of the tunisian campaign means the reassessment of french authority. Na constitutes a supply of men and a service area for the reorganization of the army under the care of the recoinciled french authorities. The creation of fnlc on june 3th 1943 iestablishes De Gaulle's growing influence. But na is also gradually won over by nationalism. The colonial stake is indeed the capital new data. Na undergoes a decisive political evolution
Akasha, Amin Amal. "L'Afrique fiscale". Montpellier 1, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990MON10029.
Testo completoLengrand, Denis. "Stéphane Gsell et l'histoire de l'Afrique antique". Paris 10, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA100071.
Testo completoStephane Gsell (1864-1932) devoted the best part of his activity to the history of ancient North Africa, particularly Algeria. As a man in favour of the French presence in the Maghreb and dreading its removal, he proved able to reject biological racism, to be a good observer of the natives' life and to propose liberal projects of reform that aimed at restoring the Algerians’ dignity. As a historian, Gsell was above all a man with a practical background, collecting and editing documents. He published numerous articles and books among which the archeological atlas of Algeria that is still one of the best of its kind. His master-piece is unquestionably the monumental ancient history of North Africa. His presentation of Africa’s natives suffers from his attachment to Greek and roman canons and his failure to understand the religious phenomenon. Yet Gsell provided a full documentation about the native kingdoms and thus could underline all their treasures. He could not make a synthesis of the history of the roman empire in Africa. The separation between the early and the late empires is less a matter of chronology than of distribution between the positive and the negative consequences of the roman presence, and the whole interpretation is guided by the prospect of the end of the latin influence in north Africa. These latest aspects of his work, however, should not overshadow the essential point : the present research still feeds on Gsell's work
Boudribila, Mohamed-Mustapha. "Carthage et l'Afrique du nord au cours du Ve siècle av. Notre ère". Besançon, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992BESA1014.
Testo completoAbdi, Houssein Mohamed. "Exil et écriture dans la littérature de la Corne de l'Afrique". Dijon, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014DIJOL001.
Testo completoBouakaze-Khan, Didier. "L'art rupestre de la corne de l'Afrique : étude globale dans son contexte archéologique et anthropologique : modèle d'interprétation". Paris 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA010558.
Testo completoKhoufache, Anissa. "Étude des dénominations vernaculaires et scientifiques des plantes d’Afrique du Nord". Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2019. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-03178404.
Testo completoNon transmis
Benabbès, Mohamed. "L'Afrique byzantine face à la conquête arabe : recherche sur le VIIe siècle en Afrique du Nord". Paris 10, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA100006.
Testo completoOur research lies within the scope of the debate on the VIIth century. This period coincided in North Africa with the Arab Conquest, which put an end to Roman rule over the area and generally lead Africa into the medieval era. Without claiming to bring novelty, our ambition was to do research on this topic from both the medieval and the ancient point of view, contrary to the numerous studies done from a single point of view. We thus tried to draw a picture of Africa at the onset of the Arab-Muslim incursions, based on the balanced evidence of archaeology as well as the often vague contribution of literary sources. Then, using a nearly exhaustive corpus of Arab, Syrian and Greco-Latin texts, we tried to study the conquest of Africa by the Arabs up until the fall of Carthage, taking into account the "conquered land" more than the conquerors. Historical geography served as our thread rather than the often ill-known events
Mashimango, Abou-Bakr Abélard. "Transnationalisme éthnique, états et conflits armés : approches sociopolitiques de la bellicité dans la Corne de l'Afrique : 1961-2006". Lyon 3, 2010. https://scd-resnum.univ-lyon3.fr/in/theses/2010_in_matray_m.pdf.
Testo completoWars present a causal chain which introduces the question of the ethnicity and the formation of the State-nation. The conflicts in the Horn of Africa today are part of this register of the identity wars with international and transnational confrontations. Indeed, studying the phenomenon of contemporary African wars requires a historical, sociological and political analysis based on a multidisciplinary approach of polemology and a geopolitical culture which, at the same time, lead to the colonial and postcolonial African studies. It involves building a deepen reflection of the wars in the contemporary international system, while insisting on several units of analysis and, especially, the political sociology of various actors to overcome the common and simplified sense expressed by some conception to explain the nature of the wars which prevail in Horn of Africa. The interdependence between the national, the international and the transnational aspects proves the meaning to set reference marks. Our study focuses on the fundamentals aspects of the transnationalism approach, the theory of the ethnicity, the conflict studies and geopolitics
Hugoniot, Christophe. "Les spectacles de l'Afrique romaine : une culture officielle municipale sous l'Empire romain". Paris 4, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA040220.
Testo completoThis study addresses the subject of public life in roman North Africa. The principal sources are archeological remains, especially historical inscriptions, public records, literary works, as well as mosaics and reliefs. A few problems are here dealt with: the Romanization of North Africa culture and its continuation into late antiquity and also the conflict with Christianity that resulted from this wave of acculturalization. This study illustrates the successful diffusion of roman culture in North Africa, though this adaptation was directly related to the diffusion of roman citizenship. The crisis which rocked Rome during the 3rd century did not have a great effect upon this established system of funding and presenting such public spectacles, which remained throughout the christianized empire and there is even evidence which suggests that such festivals continued in those provinces overrun by the invading barbarians, such as the vandals in North Africa
Lesur, Joséphine. "Exploitation de la diversité faunique et début du pastoralisme dans la corne de l'Afrique à l'Holocène : première approche archéozoologique régionale". Paris 1, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA010561.
Testo completoKrimi, Hajer. "La vie religieuse des civils dans les zones militaires de l'Afrique méridionale sous le Haut-Empire romain : etude épigraphique". Lyon 3, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000LYO31017.
Testo completoLaurent, Benoit. "Simulation des émissions d'aérosols désertiques à l'échelle continentale : analyse climatologique des émissions du nord-est de l'Asie et du nord de l'Afrique". Paris 12, 2005. https://athena.u-pec.fr/primo-explore/search?query=any,exact,990003941960204611&vid=upec.
Testo completoMineral dust emissions from the North-eastern of Asia and the North of Africa are studied by modelling. The major aims of this study are : 1) to quantify mineral dust emissions ; 2) to determine the main areas of dust emission in frequency and in intensity ; and 3) to investigate the variability of the emissions. A physically explicit dust emission scheme is used. Database of the surface features are established at 1/4°x1/4° spatial resolution. Maps of the aerodynamic roughness lengths have been established from POLDER-1 product composition. Soil properties are derived from measurements performed on samples and observations from desert areas. Surface re-analyzed meteorological databases of ECMWF are used. The influence of soil moisture and snow cover on simulated dust emissions is quantified. The simulated emissions have been compared to horizontal visibilities measured by meteorological stations, and to satellite observations (AAI TOMS and IDDI Meteosat)
Laurent, Benoit Bergametti Gilles Marticoréna Béatrice. "Simulation des émissions d'aérosols désertiques à l'échelle continentale analyse climatologique des émissions du nord-est de l'Asie et du nord de l'Afrique /". Créteil : Université de Paris-Val-de-Marne, 2007. http://doxa.scd.univ-paris12.fr:8080/theses-npd/th0394196.pdf.
Testo completoVersion électronique uniquement consultable au sein de l'Université Paris 12 (Intranet). Titre provenant de l'écran-titre. Bibliogr. : 258 réf.
Boughrara, Mohamed racim. "L'Afrique du nord au sud : poétique de l'espace dans la littérature maghrébine et africaine subsaharienne". Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSES047.
Testo completoLike most of African and Maghreb novels which are mostly enrolled with the confrontation of colonialism, the texts we have choosen can be read the original perspective that Bertrand Westphal has significantly named "geocritics". These works share an aesthetics of a richness which owes its originality to hybrid origins, between mother or learned tongue and occupant or exile language. This thesis is therefore an opportunity to explore the African space, shaping a panorama of its literary horizon, mainly by studying the particularities of North Africa and sub-Saharan Africa and the relationships that they maintain from the highest Antiquity until today
Kefi, Rym. "Diversité de l'ADN mitochondrial de quelques populations humaines préhistoriques et actuelles de l'Afrique du Nord". Aix-Marseille 2, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005AIX20652.
Testo completoThe anthropological and genetic studies revealed the complexity of the settlement of North Africa. We proposed to study the mitochondrial DNA diversity of a Tunisian population from Maktar. Phylogenetic analysis showed that Maktar has received genetic flows coming from Europe, Near-East and sub-Saharan region. Maktar population appears close to Egyptians and Mauritanians. We also studied the mitochondrial DNA polymorphism in ancient population from archaeological site of Taforalt (Morroco-12. 000 years BP), from archaeological site of Afalou (Algeria, 11. 000 years-15. 000 years) and from archaeological site of Wadi-Gabgaba (Egypt-6000 years BP). The genetic composition of these prehistoric populations showed the absence of sub-Saharan haplogroups suggesting that iberomaurusian individuals (Afalou and Taforalt) were not originated from sub-Sudan region. The gene flow across the Sahara desert in the northern Africa would be after 12. 000 years BP
Reinares, Martinez Irene. "Les mécanismes de contrôle des précipitations dans le nord de l'Afrique pendant un épisode poussiéreux". Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017TOU30382/document.
Testo completoPrecipitation in northern Africa occurs mainly during the monsoon season. It arises from the interaction of atmospheric processes across a wide range of scales, making its prediction challenging. The control mechanisms on precipitation are examined during a well-documented case study of dust emission and transport on 9-14 June 2006. The same method for cloud detection and tracking was applied on satellite observations and several numerical simulations (with explicit or parameterized convection) to investigate the precipitating systems. Among the various types of systems identified, mesoscale convective systems (MCSs) yield most of the total precipitation, with an observed contribution of 66%. The greatest precipitation producers are the long-lived MCSs (i.e., that last more than 6 h), at the origin of 55% of precipitation. These MCSs become more organized, i.e., larger, longer-lived and faster, as they propagate westward. The convection-permitting simulations capture the rainfall partition, but do not fully reproduce the organization of the long-lived MCSs. The simulation with parameterized convection fails to correctly represent the rain partition. This shows the added-value provided by the convection-permitting simulations. The radiative effect of dust is then analyzed, by comparing two convection-permitting simulations, with and without dust-radiation interaction. The direct effects are a mid-level warming and a near-surface cooling mainly in the western parts of northern Africa, which tend to stabilize the lower atmosphere. One semi-direct effect is a decrease in precipitation. This rainfall drop is explained by a too low number of long-lived MCSs which, nevertheless, are longer-lived and more efficient in terms of precipitation production. The diminution in the number of long-lived MCSs is due to the stabilization of the atmosphere inhibiting the triggering of convection
Fourmond, Catherine. "Recherches sur la topographie chrétienne des cités de l'Afrique antique (à l'exception de Carthage)". Paris 4, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA040148.
Testo completoIn order to understand the topography of Christian buildings within Towns of North Africa in Late Antiquity, we chose, on the basis of archeological informations, to point to practical and daily life of the Christian or Christian community. Since then, many questions came up : what process leads to the decision and how is the location chosen within the urban network ? Did the Christian community have the opportunity of such a choice ? What could be the practical implications of its devotional life ? Could the churches built in such locations be in harmony with Christian worship so as to contribute to its blooming ? and so on and so forth. Apparently churches did not change drastically the urban environment except in their very premices and even so in a quite neutral way. Thus, for example, if a church is built on a street, we can consider that it comes to alters the urban organisation. On the other hand, when it re-uses an old building such as a temple or thermae, neglected or inactive, we noticed that the implantation was taking place inside the building whereas most of the time the ouside appearance was left untouched : then the city's image was respected in its monumental components. According to a certain number of observations set out from this research, it finaly occurs to us that though christianism settled in the heart of urban daily life, for it does not mean necessarily a concern for ostentatious visibility or systematic search for an " architecture of power ". On the opposite it gives us the impression that Christian's presence is deeply rooted in daily life just as the other inhabitants of the city they fully belonged to
Balossa, Gaston. "Corne de l'Afrique : zone conflictuelle : un examen des origines du conflit somalo-éthiopien et ses conséquences". Paris 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA010268.
Testo completoThiry, Jacques. "Le Sahara libyen dans l'Afrique du Nord du VIIe au XIVe siècle d'après les textes arabes". Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/213382.
Testo completoLe, Houérou Henri-Noël. "Bioclimatologie et biogéographie des steppes arides du nord de l'Afrique : diversité biologique, développement durable et désertisation /". Montpellier : Paris : CIHEAM ; ACCT, 1995. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb35804356v.
Testo completoKassem, Mohamad. "Le risque de faillite et la productivité des banques commerciales au Moyen-Orient et l'Afrique du Nord". Perpignan, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PERP1167.
Testo completoThe study aims at examining both the probability of default and the efficiency of commercial banks in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) by adopting different models. This study is based on the cornerstone that the banks in this region are performing well, while their ability to have investment-grade rating is limited. In this dissertation, an assessment of fragility of banks operating in the MENA covering seven years (2005-2011) of data, using the Z-score technique is conducted. The results yielded have reflected that the banks in the sample do not suffer from a major weakness as the Z-score is high. Nevertheless, the researcher used the Stochastic Cost Frontier (SCF) to examine the efficiency of banks in this region by employing the same sample. This technique takes into consideration both risk and performance. The results have shown that the efficiency scores are equal to 81% for the entire sample. These results are very similar to those found for U. S. And European banks in the Developed countries
Soltani, Amel. "Le monnayage préromain de l'Afrique du Nord dans la collection du Musée national des antiquités d'Alger (Algérie)". Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013TOU20077.
Testo completoDespite hundreds of books and articles devoted to the pre-roman coinage in North Africa, there is hardly any study prepared for this geographical species such as the studies on Greek and Roman coins. It was before this unsatisfactory situation we did the project to gather homogeneous and heterogeneous batch of monetary collection of the Algiers National Museum of Antiquities. Another major motivation prompted us to initiate this study; it is total absence of any comprehensive catalog gathering this large mass of coins, discovered in different regions of Algeria since 1835 to date. It is true that Punic Monetary Studies, Numidia and Mauretania kings and cities were not too attracted the interest of researchers, mainly due to a simple lack of access to material stored in museums, our thesis gathers treasure of Bougie and Ikosim constituting the largest pre-roman money of Algiers Museum but also heterogeneous batches kept in reserves gathered largely by French collectors. All this monetary equipment, we tried to place it in its historical, archaeological and monetary context
Dubar, Christine. "Eléments de paléohydrologie de l'Afrique saharienne les dépôts quaternaires d'origine aquatique du nord-est de l'Air (Niger) /". Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1988. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37613376c.
Testo completoCamillieri, Federica. "Le rôle de la justice constitutionnelle dans la consolidation des démocraties en construction de l'Afrique du Nord". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Montpellier (2022-....), 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024UMOND006.
Testo completoThe main purpose of Constitutional Review is limiting power — in particular the legislative one — in order to protect both the fundamental rights enshrined in the Constitution and the democratic institutional structures.Obviously, its role is of central importance in any system, but it is perhaps even more decisive in democracies that are going through a process of consolidation.In the Middle East and North Africa, the freedoms typical of the rule of law were claimed by demonstrators, bearers of multifaceted ideologies and members of heterogeneous political parties, through an unfinished revolt, which began in 2011 and that reverberated, in the following years and with varying vigor, in the various North African States.The present work was aimed at verifying whether said wave of revolts actually led to the creation of a rule of law in some of the jurisdictions it touched, such as Egypt, Morocco and Tunisia.The choice to restrict the study to the aforementioned State realities is explained, first of all, by the fact that they - prior to being connected by the same revolutionary event — had not been foreign to the concept of constitutional review; indeed, even before the events of 2011, the Constitutions of Egypt, Morocco and Tunisia contemplated three different models of bodies with this particular power; secondly, these are systems which, in drawing up their new Constitutions, have corrected — or at least attempted to modify — the already existing bodies endowed with power of Constitutional Review; finally, all three States under study have had difficulties in consolidating their democracies, despite the Constitutional changes that were introduced — at least on a formal level — following the Arab Revolts, and that aimed at guaranteeing the creation of a rule of law.Since Constitutional Review represents an essential element of the rule of law, it was necessary to verify whether, before the events of 2011, despite being contemplated in the Constitutions of all three systems under study, it had remained — or not — a purely nominal element during the authoritarian regimes in Egypt and in the Maghreb area.It was, therefore, not without importance to appreciate the role that the three constitutional review bodies under examination had covered before the events of 2011, to perceive whether, based on the functions and powers attributed to them, they had succeeded, in authoritarian contexts, in playing a counter-majority role or had somehow contributed to the affirmation of democratic principles.After an historical analysis of the three models of constitutional review, it was assessed whether, in the process of transition from authoritarianism to democracy following the Arab Spring, the Judges of the laws in each of the examined systems — having their constituents strengthened or modified the functions and competences of these bodies— played a key role in the affirmation and consolidation of democratic principles.Therefore, it was examined the role of Constitutional Courts in the consolidation of democracy in Tunisia, Egypt and Morocco — to which the first, second and third chapter were respectively dedicated— to see whether the constitutional amendments which followed the revolutionary events have prima facie transformed both the competences of the constitutional bodies, on the basis of the principle of separation of powers, and the role of the Courts in relation to the democratic demands and the rights consequently recognized by the Constitutional Charters
Rahmoune, El Houcine. "Les relations entre l'Espagne et l'Afrique du Nord dans l'Antiquité (VIIIe s. Av. J. -C. - IIe s. J. -C. ) d'après les sources littéraires". Université Paris-Est Créteil Val de Marne (UPEC), 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA120061.
Testo completoApart from the official history of rome, the literary and epigraphie sources have witnessed various relations between spain and north-africa. The first traces concern ulysse's journeys and heraclitus's works in the far west, as well as the trips of gratitude beyoud gibraltar passage. The republican age was also marked by the strategic importance of spanish provinces and numidiam kingdoms in the destiny of carthaginian and roman empires and-the pretenders to power in rome. Furthermore, under the early empire, the mauretanians knew some troubles that had consequences on the south of spain
Youssef, Darin. "Environnement institutionnel, stabilité bancaire et croissance économique dans les pays du Moyen-Orient et de l'Afrique du Nord". Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015USPCD049/document.
Testo completoThe Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region has witnessed many institutional and financial reforms meant to stimulate economic development. While traditional theories of economic growth promote capital accumulation and technological progress as fundamental determinants of economic development, studies that gave birth to the “new institutional economics” stress the major contribution of institutional development to economic development. The objective of this dissertation is to understand the role of institutional quality and financial regulation in the process of financial development and economic growth in the MENA region since the 1980s. Based on recent and adequate econometric models, this dissertation answers the following questions: What is the role played by institutional quality and banking regulation in explaining capital, risk and efficiency adjustments in the banking system of the MENA region? Is there a positive and significant effect of institutional quality on banking and economic development? Can inter-country differences in terms of economic performance be explained by institutional factors? significant effect on bank capital, excessive risk taking and efficiency of banks operating in the MENA region; (ii) Banking regulation has a positive and significant effect on banking development, and there is positive and significant interdependence between economic growth and banking development; (iii) the impact of institutional quality is stronger in countries that witnessed a weak growth rate on average compared to fast-growing countries where the institutional effect is not significant
Siraj, Ahmed. "L'Afrique du Nord antique d'après les sources arabes du Moyen Âge : histoire et géographie historique : exemple : le Maroc septentrional". Paris 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA010575.
Testo completoOne of the features of Maghreb in modern historiography is the "discontinuity" of its history. This characteristic is very clear especially for the era which separate the end of the antiquity from the beginning of the middle-age. By taking the north of Morocco as an example, this research tempts to restore the ties betwen the tow periods. From a new reading of the medieval arabic sources, this work aims at the research for new data concerning the history and archeology of the antique period on the one hand, and the examination of the image of this history as it was reconstructed and elaborated by the arab historians, on the other. Thus, this thesis is constituted of tow principal axes : first, we have analysed the totality of the learnings of the rabic writers relative to the maghribian antiquities in comparison with the data of the classical sources, then, we have studied the geographical texts to draw the informations concerning the vestiges of the antique periode. Both on the historical level and the on that of the historical geography, this study allows to apen new perspectives for other researches in the future
Diallo, Jean-Paul. "Le peuplement des ports de l'afrique du nord sous l'empire romain de 27 avant jc a 395 apres jc". Paris 4, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA040166.
Testo completoStudy of the differents groups of populations in the ports of the north africa under the roman empire from 27 before j. C. To 395 after j. C. We observe also the migrations of these populations, their place in the exchanges and the municipal evolution of the towns in the purpose of a differential study
N'Tia, Roger. "Le commerce entre l'Afrique du nord romaine et l'Italie de la conquête au IIIe siècle : aspects économques et sociaux". Paris 1, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985PA01A038.
Testo completoNachet, Mohamed. "Le Maghreb dans l'ordre mondial : de l'ancrage forcé au dépassement volontaire". Nice, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992NICE0034.
Testo completoBen, Hadj Naceur-Loum Zakia. "Recherche sur la circulation monétaire dans la partie orientale de l'Afrique romaine entre les règnes de Gallien et de Théodose : (253-395)". Bordeaux 3, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005BOR30024.
Testo completoThanks to diverse sources (numismatic materiel, litery and archeological studies), we have been able to draw up a corpus of coins ad to have a geo-historical study of the find's sites Carthage, Sousse and Thina) and a synthecal essay on monetary circulation. The flowing questions have been raised : How were trends of monetary circulation (Open or local), what Were their characteristics ? and which kind of relations did exist between the monetary economy and the other fields of the economy of Eastern Africa during the 3rd and 4th centuries
Mvondo, Owono François. "Surrection cénozoïque de l'Ouest de l'Afrique à partir de deux exemples : Le plateau sud-namibien et la marge nord-camerounaise". Phd thesis, Université Rennes 1, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00583094.
Testo completoArnaud-Portelli, Annie. "L'exploration archéologique de l'Afrique du Nord des premiers voyageurs au XVIIIème s. à l'indépendance (Maroc, Algérie) d'après les documents publiés". Paris 4, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA040141.
Testo completoThis thesis sums up archeological activity in Marocco and Algeria. It starts from the time of the first European travellers who showed some interest for Classical Antiquity publishing drawings of monuments or copies of inscriptions,in the eighteenth century and goes along,through various activities of numerous 'Sociétés savantes' in Algeria down to the birth of actual administrive structures entirely devoted to archeological exploration. .
Dubar, Christine. "Éléments de paléohydrologie de l'Afrique Saharienne : les dépôts quaternaires d'origine aquatique du Nord-Est de l'Aïr (Niger, PALHYDAF site 3)". Paris 11, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA112405.
Testo completoIntegrated in the context of the PALHYDAF program (PALaeoHYDogy of AFrica), the study of lake deposits lie in closed depressions along the northeastern margin of the Aïr mountains aims to a precise reconstitution of the Pleistocène and Holocene environments, for a better understanding of climatic oscillations in the Saharo-Sahelian border zone. The basic material for this research work consists of sediment samples collected by auger drilling or at natural outcrops ln four endoreic basins (17-2l°N, 8-ll°E), with different kinds of water supply (groundwater, surface water). A multidisciplinary study (sedimentology, geochemistry, isotopic geochemisty, palaeobiology) of the collected samples has provided detailed information about the palaeoenvironment such as, for example, variations in the rate of evaporation and their influence on the water salinity. In some favorable cases it's possible to reconstruct the fluctuation curve of Holocene lake levels. A comparison of the results from different sites shows that the Holocene period comprises a major humid phase which starts about 10000-9500 years BP and reaches a maximum 8000 years BP. This phase seems to end around 7500 years BP. In some of the basins another humid phase is observed approximately 5000 years BP. Concerning the Pleistocene period there is probably excess of water from 13- 12000 years BP, at least in the basins supplied by surface run-off (Adrar Bous). As regards more ancient conditions,analysis have shown that the calcite was diagenetic. Consequently, carbonate 14C ages (20-35000 years BP) reflect fluctuations ln the groudwater level and not the original age of the deposit. This conclusion is of great importance as it questions former age of the Upper Pleistocene period,"the humid phase 25-35000 years BP earlier recognized in the Sahellan zone, and the resulting palaeoclimatic scenarios. Several datations by Th/U suggest that the original age of the fluvio-lacustrine episode is dated around 90000 years
Rafie, Hossein. "Le pétrole du Moyen-Orient et de l'Afrique du Nord dans les relations internationales : des années 1970 à nos jours". Toulouse 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999TOU10023.
Testo completoPetroleum is not purly an economical product, its main role in world economy and its concentration in Middle East and North Africa (two third of world reserves) made influence international politics. Knowing the nature of the region, petroleum and politics make one. The politicization of oil of the region starts, first of all, with the efforts of some powers, through their companies to dominate oil countries, which by reaction incites these countries to eliminate foreign domination and establish their national control on oil matters. The situation is changing progressively. The position of productive states got stronger with the beginning of the 1970th which permitted the use of oil, in a way relatively efficient, as an instrument of power. Consequently the balance of power shifted deeply in the favour of producers. On this basis, the argument consists of three parts: the first puts theoric bases - theory of economical arme - and defines geographical and historical environnement of the research. The second part studies the period of force of the oil countries, from the fourth israelo-arabe war and oil embargo that followed it, to the end of the second oil slump. The third part explains the shift of power on the international scene and the relative decline of oil power for the states of the region. The analysis of impact of the oil slump in 1986 and the mini-impact of the second Persian Golf war, quickly dominates, lead to clear the actual situation and out, line the view-point of the future
Oliveira, Julio Cesar Magalhães de. "Seditiosa multitudo : participation populaire et action collective dans les villes de l'Afrique romaine à l'époque impériale tardive (ca. 300-430)". Paris 10, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA100094.
Testo completoThis is a study about the forms and conditions of popular participation and collective action in the Roman towns of North Africa, from the beginning of the 4th century to the Vandal conquest. We analyse a number of episodes of popular intervention and collective action revealed by 4th- and 5th-centuries ecclesiastical sources, and particularly by the sermons and letters of Saint Augustine. These case studies are preceded by an analysis of the formative experiences of plebeian life: work, dwelling conditions, and networks of sociability. This wider context enables us a better understanding of the bases on which the members of the urban plebs could establish relations of group solidarity and cultivate a political culture that prescribes and legitimizes their forms of collective action
Barrat, Jean-Alix. "Genèse des magmas associés à l'ouverture d'un domaine océanique : Géochimie des laves du Nord-Est de l'Afrique (Mer Rouge-Afar) et d'Arabie". Phd thesis, Université Rennes 1, 1991. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00594559.
Testo completoBarrat, Jean-Alix. "Genèse des magmas associés à l'ouverture d'un domaine océanique : géochimie des laves du nord-est de l'Afrique, Mer Rouge-Afar, et d'Arabie /". Rennes : Centre armoricain d'étude structurale des socles, 1992. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb35553856h.
Testo completoAli, Doubed Mohamed. "Le soufisme dans la Corne de l'Afrique de la fin du XIXe à nos jours". Lyon 3, 2007. https://scd-resnum.univ-lyon3.fr/in/theses/2007_in_ali-doubed_m.pdf.
Testo completoTo treat (handle) the above-mentioned subjects. We opted for a tripartite plan (shot). The first part (party), consisted of six chapters, is a sort of general presentation (display) in which we present the region (the Horn of Africa) on the geographical, historic and social plans (shots), then we approach the appearance of the Islam - essentially the Islam soufi-on the region. The second part (party), divided into four chapters. Processes the question of the Sufism, at first in a general way, then by emphasizing the characteristics of the African Sufism and by trying to reconstitute the history(story) of the Sufism in the Horn of Africa in particular thanks to the reports of the inquiries of ground realized in 2003 in three countries (Somalia, Ethiopia and Djibouti). When in the third and last part (party), them consists of three chapters dedicated to the soufie literature considered as an essential element of the spirituality in the Horn. In this part (party) we shah present one of the collections of poetry soufie the most representative, that of ŠayÌ al-Óuruq ÝAbdiraÎmân ZayliÝî. This presentation (display) will be followed by a translation, as well as by a literary analysis o f three poems pulled (fired) by this collection
Lebrazi, El Houssine. "L'afrique du nord a travers "le monde". Thematique et rhetorique d'un discours liberal en periode coloniale : algerie (1953-1962), tunisie, maroc (1953-1956)". Rennes 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987REN11007.
Testo completoLebrazi, El Houssine. "L'Afrique du Nord à travers "Le Monde" thématique et rhétorique d'un discours libéral en période coloniale, Algérie, 1953-1962, Tunisie-Maroc, 1953-1956 /". Lille 3 : ANRT, 1988. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb376071590.
Testo completoZangre, Justin. "Les rites funéraires dans l'Afrique du Nord chrétienne du 3e au 5e siècle : à la lumière des œuvres de Tertullien, Cyprien, Lactance et Augustin". Thesis, Strasbourg, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016STRAK013/document.
Testo completoAll people and culture celebrate the death for peace of the dead persons and the living one. We are interested in the question of the funeral rites in the first centuries of christian Church of the North Africa. That is why we entitled our subject :" The funeral rites of Early Christian North Africa of the 3rd in the 5th century. In the light of Tertullian, Cyprian, Lactantius and Augustine's works". We try to understand the contents of the funeral rites which presided over the Christian celebrations in honor of the dead in the christian environment of the North Africa. How did the Christians celebrated the death in the first centuries? What are the points of view of the first christian writers in the Africa Church on the pagan funeral that the Christians went on celebrating, and what is their contribution about the cult of dead in the Christian area? About the North Africa at the beginning of our era and during Roman Empire, the funeral celebrations first concerned the families. Thanks to Augustine, at the end of the 4th century and at the beginning of the 5th one, we can notice an important evolution of celebrations in honor of the dead that Tertullian, Cyprian and Lactantius had already initiated.They also acquire at this moment an ecclesial dimension, especially with the cult of the martyrs and their relics. To throw light on the funeral subject in the north Africa, it is necessary to understand the history of the pagan cult of the 3rd to 5th century
Pinauldt, Géraldine. "L'or vivant des Somali : des frontières, des troupeaux et des hommes face à la mondialisation des normes : un regard géopolitique sur les exportations de bétail de la Corne de l'Afrique". Paris 8, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA084124.
Testo completoBetween 1998 and 2009, Horn of Africa's main livestock importer, Saudi Arabia, imposed a ban on its livestock for sanitary reasons. Since 1991, all the states of the Horn of Africa underwent major territorial and political changes. Livestock trade being one of the main income source, it is an issue for direct or indirect territorial control at different scales. Somaliland, who disunited from Somalia in 1991, is a central element of this commercial system. Its port Berbera is used as an outlet for 80% of the exported livestock. With the introduction of new sanitary standards, and since Somaliland's very existence lies in opposition to persistent geopolitical representations, livestock trade becomes a tool used to destabilize Somaliland. Meanwhile, the introduction of those standards grants Ethiopia access to international fundings which can be used either to rebalance its territory to the east or to increase an unequal development which takes its roots in its stormy history with the Somali world. Globalisation of sanitary standards leads to new trade requirements whereas state regulations and territorial control have not yet been achieved in the region. The point of this thesis is to show how the requirements/constraints become tools that in turn serve geopolitical strategies born from sociospatial representations. Mobile Somali livestock traders' networked sociability enables them to keep a grip on the trade and its geopolitical translations. Acting as ties connecting the territories and the scales, the traders provide an understanding to the complex regional problematics
Houssein, Isman Oumar. "Les représentations de la guerre dans l'espace littéraire francophone : le cas de la Corne de l'Afrique". Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017UBFCH001.
Testo completoThe war is an experience that, by its commotion, condemned to unspeakable. It forces writers to define the relationship they have with the language they practices when it does not metamorphose themselves. It is this sense that need dealing with the range of transgressions at work in the war story which, through formal and language disorders distortions that contribute to its development, inaugurates writing that escapes definitions categorizations. Instead of reporting on the disaster, the literary imagination is in an external object, searching the paradoxical experience aestheticisation a priori ineffable a way around the impotence of language to express the inexpressible. Nevertheless, he digs through this gap with referential reality. Suffice to say that the war introduced a divide between the subject and the world, a gap that must be overcome so that can again keep a coherent discourse
Locquin-Linard, Monique. "1) etude de la mycoflore coprophile des zones arides et semi-arides du nord de l'afrique : 2) etude de l'amyloeidicite des "huelle cells" chez les emericella (ascomycetes)". Paris 6, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA066682.
Testo completoDjama, Said Ared. "La femme dans la littérature d'expression française de la Corne de l'Afrique". Thesis, Dijon, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012DIJOL015.
Testo completoIn the Horn of Africa French-speaking literature, there are very often the caricatured images of female characters who are engaged in a difficult daily life. In both texts Waberi and Nuruddin Farah, female characters are constantly on the run to escape the tragic fate of a painful existence where moral and material/financial poverty is a major obstacle. If one of the factors that tends the female characters towards effective marginalization is related to a cantankerous space, dominated “by the vicious will of an imperial Sun”, there are also others who are contributing to stifle their identity in a traditional environment where "anything out of the herd is the elsewhere, the unknown distance, the limbo of oblivion”. We integrate this essentially misogynist perception in a critical size where marginalization related to exploration of the female body in” the nights in Addis Ababa takes shape over the narrative through exploitation the sexual rites that is graved in the flesh of female characters as” a surface where society registers the various terms of transaction”. This present thesis questions initially on issues related to the gender issue in the novelistic universe of writers while taking into account the popular imagination on the representations of women in the Horn of Africa