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Letteratura scientifica selezionata sul tema "Aquifers"

Autore: Grafiati

Pubblicato: 4 giugno 2021

Ultima modifica: 29 luglio 2024

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Articoli di riviste sul tema "Aquifers"

Wu, Ming-Chang, e Ping-Cheng Hsieh. "Influence of nonuniform recharge on groundwater flow in heterogeneous aquifers". AIMS Mathematics 8, n. 12 (2023): 30120–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.3934/math.20231540.

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<abstract><p>The composition of soils in aquifers is typically not homogeneous, and soil layers may be cracked or displaced due to geological activities. This heterogeneity in soil distribution within aquifers affects groundwater flow and water level variations. In the present study, we established a two-dimensional (2D) mathematical model that considers the influence of surface recharge on groundwater flow in heterogeneous sloping aquifers. By considering temporal variations in surface recharge, slope angle and aquifer heterogeneity, the simulated results are expected to better reflect real conditions in natural aquifers. The effects of aquifer heterogeneity on groundwater flow and water levels are particularly significant in sloping aquifers. The study's findings indicate that even when the soil composition remains constant, variations in groundwater level and flow may be considerable, depending on factors such as soil alignment, slope angle of the aquifer's base layer and the direction of water flow.</p></abstract>

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Hera-Portillo, África de la, Julio López-Gutiérrez, Beatriz Mayor, Elena López-Gunn, Hans Jørgen Henriksen, Ryle Nørskov Gejl, Pedro Zorrilla-Miras e Pedro Martínez-Santos. "An Initial Framework for Understanding the Resilience of Aquifers to Groundwater Pumping". Water 13, n. 4 (17 febbraio 2021): 519. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w13040519.

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Groundwater stored in aquifers experiences a wide variety of natural, induced and/or anthropogenic disturbances. Among them, groundwater extraction is the main disturbance that affects most of the aquifers in the world. Aquifer’s resilience, understood as the potential of the aquifer to sustain disturbances on the long term and to guarantee essential qualities and functions, provides a key tool when assessing sustainable groundwater management alternatives. The aim of this work is to illustrate an aquifer resilience framework that can support groundwater sustainable management. A theoretical framework is based on the identification of the key variables that parameterize the quantitative and qualitative responses of the groundwater flow system to pumping. An example from the literature based in Denmark is provided as an illustration of the proposed framework. The results show that long-term high quality data are essential to make a step further in aquifers dynamic responses. The quantitative understanding of the aquifer’s behavior before, during and after groundwater extraction provides a valuable source of information in order to identify thresholds of change (tipping points, transitions or regime shifts) which could permit pro-active groundwater management decisions. Moreover, a deeper understanding on the aquifer’s dynamics provides useful information in order to avert threats that may put the sustainability of the system at risk.

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Maulana, Fivry Wellda, e Arie Noor Rakhman. "Aplikasi Geofisika Terpadu Untuk Penelitian Potensi Air Tanah Aquifer Batu Pasir Di Alasombo, Indonesia". Jurnal Multidisiplin Madani 2, n. 1 (30 gennaio 2022): 511–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.54259/mudima.v2i1.418.

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The purpose of this study was to determine the potential of groundwater in Alasombo, Weru District, Sukoharjo Regency, Indonesia. The investigation has been carried out using geophysical methods that are integrated with surface geological data to obtain an interpretation of the hydrogeological control of the aquifer. The lithology of the aquifer is dominated by sandstone which controls its role as 2 types of aquifers, namely unconfined aquifers or free aquifers and semi-confined aquifers or semi-free aquifers. The geoelectrical section shows that the groundwater-carrying layer that functions as an aquifer is the sandstone layer in the second layer and sandstone in the base layer. As an artesian aquifer or a confined aquifer, sandstone aquifers have a water volume between 31.5 to 260 m3/day, in a northwest-southeast direction. In terms of the quality of the conductivity value of water in the field, below 1500 µs/cm is freshwater type groundwater that can be recommended as a source of clean water.

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Luo, Zhaoyang, Jun Kong, Chengji Shen, Pei Xin, Chunhui Lu, Ling Li e David Andrew Barry. "Effects of aquifer geometry on seawater intrusion in annulus segment island aquifers". Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 25, n. 12 (23 dicembre 2021): 6591–602. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-6591-2021.

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Abstract. Seawater intrusion in island aquifers was considered analytically, specifically for annulus segment aquifers (ASAs), i.e., aquifers that (in plan) have the shape of an annulus segment. Based on the Ghijben–Herzberg and hillslope-storage Boussinesq equations, analytical solutions were derived for steady-state seawater intrusion in ASAs, with a focus on the freshwater–seawater interface and its corresponding watertable elevation. Predictions of the analytical solutions compared well with experimental data, and so they were employed to investigate the effects of aquifer geometry on seawater intrusion in island aquifers. Three different ASA geometries were compared: convergent (smaller side is facing the lagoon, larger side is the internal no-flow boundary and flow converges towards the lagoon), rectangular and divergent (smaller side is the internal no-flow boundary, larger side is facing the sea and flow diverges towards the sea). Depending on the aquifer geometry, seawater intrusion was found to vary greatly, such that the assumption of a rectangular aquifer to model an ASA can lead to poor estimates of seawater intrusion. Other factors being equal, compared with rectangular aquifers, seawater intrusion is more extensive, and watertable elevation is lower in divergent aquifers, with the opposite tendency in convergent aquifers. Sensitivity analysis further indicated that the effects of aquifer geometry on seawater intrusion and watertable elevation vary with aquifer width and distance from the circle center to the inner arc (the lagoon boundary for convergent aquifers or the internal no-flow boundary for divergent aquifers). A larger aquifer width and distance from the circle center to the inner arc weaken the effects of aquifer geometry, and hence differences in predictions for the three geometries become less pronounced.

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Tsepav, Matthew Tersoo, Aliyu Yahaya Badeggi, Obaje Nuhu George, Usman Yusuf Tanko e Ibrahim Samuel Ibbi. "On the Use of Electrical Resistivity Method in Mapping Potential Sources and Extent of Pollution of Groundwater Systems in Lapai Town, Niger State, Nigeria." Journal of Physics: Theories and Applications 5, n. 1 (30 marzo 2021): 18. http://dx.doi.org/10.20961/jphystheor-appl.v5i1.51563.

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<p>Electrical resistivity method employing the Schlumberger array was used to occupy forty four (44) vertical electrical sounding points in Lapai town with the aim of determining the depth to aquifers, aquifer thicknesses and aquifer protective capacity. The G41 Geotron resistivity meter was used in obtaining the apparent resistivity data which was processed using Interpex 1XD resistivity interpretation software. The results revealed four lithologic sections which include top lateritic soil, sandy clay, fractured basement and fresh basement. Both confined and unconfined aquifers were identified within the area, with four classes of aquifer proactive capacities as high, moderate, weak and poor. While the aquifer at VES 20 was highly protected, twenty other aquifers were moderately protected, eight others had weak protection and fifteen aquifers were poorly protected. The aquifers were generally of good thicknesses and at varying reasonable depths, making them good reservoirs of water in appreciable quantity. The average aquifer thickness was estimated to be 48.36m while the average depth to aquifers was estimated to be 56.68m.</p>

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Salvador, N., J. P. Monteiro, R. Hugman, T. Y. Stigter e E. Reis. "Quantifying and modelling the contribution of streams that recharge the Querença-Silves aquifer in the south of Portugal". Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 12, n. 11 (6 novembre 2012): 3217–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhess-12-3217-2012.

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Abstract. The water balance of the mesocenozoic aquifers of the Algarve, in the south of Portugal has traditionally been estimated considering only direct ("autogenic") recharge from rainfall occurring in the area of the aquifers. Little importance has been attributed to so-called allogenic recharge, originating from streambed infiltration from runoff generated outside the aquifers, particularly in the Palaeozoic rocks to the north where runoff is high. The Querença-Silves (QS) aquifer is the most important aquifer of the region both for irrigation and public water supply. Several important and sensitive surface/groundwater ecotones and associated groundwater dependent ecosystems exist at the springs of the natural discharge areas of the aquifer system. A numerical flow model has been in constant development over the last few years and currently is able to reproduce the aquifer's responses to estimated direct recharge and abstraction for the years 2001–2010. However, recharge calculations for the model do not take into account allogenic recharge infiltration along influent reaches of streams. The quantification of allogenic recharge may further improve the assessment of water availability and exploitation risks. In this paper an attempt is made to quantify the average annual contribution of allogenic recharge to the QS aquifer, based on monitoring data of the principal water courses that cross the aquifer system. Significant uncertainties related to surface runoff generated within the aquifer area, as well as areal recharge were identified and the consequences for the optimization of spatial distribution of transmissivity in the groundwater flow model are also addressed.

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Zhang, Yi, e Dong Ming Guo. "Temperature Field of Single-Well Aquifer Thermal Energy Storage in Sanhejian Coal Mine". Advanced Materials Research 415-417 (dicembre 2011): 1028–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.415-417.1028.

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The technology of aquifer thermal energy storage(ATES) is an energy-saving technology which can provide a solution to energy shortages and resources expasion. The first key point of this technology is whether the aquifer can be use to store energy. In this paper, taking Sanhejian Coal Mine as an example, we choose Quaternary upper loose sandy porosity confined aquifer to bottom clayed glavel porosity confined aquifer as aquifers thermal energy storage, to discuss whether the aquifers can be used to store energy. The simulation results of aquifer temperature field show that the selected aquifers reach the goal of energy storage. And with the same irrigation flow, the lower the temperature, the more the cold water and the larger the low temperature region in aquifers thermal energy storage. With the same irrigation temperature, the lager the irrigation flow the more the cold water and the larger the low temperature region in aquifers thermal energy storage.

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Zhang, Yi, e Dong Ming Guo. "Temperature Field of Doublet-Wells Aquifer Thermal Energy Storage in Sanhejian Coal Mine". Advanced Materials Research 430-432 (gennaio 2012): 746–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.430-432.746.

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Utilizating of tube-well irrigation, the technology of aquifer thermal energy storage (ATES) store rich cold energy in winter and cheap warm energy in summar into aquifers seasonally. In this paper, taking Sanhejian Coal Mine as an example, we discuss that with the same pumping and irrigation flow in doublet wells, distribution and change of temperature field in aquifers both at the end of energy storage and after the period of no pumping and no irrigation. The simulation results of aquifer temperature field show that 2~10°C water body of aquifers is decreasing in the period of no pumping and no irrigation, but it is only a small reduction with a stable trend. And after the period of no pumping and no irrigation, about 11°C water body of aquifers stores steadily in the aquifer, so the selected aquifers is suitable and its effect of energy storage is good.

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Singh, K. P. "Nonlinear estimation of aquifer parameters from surficial resistivity measurements". Hydrology and Earth System Sciences Discussions 2, n. 3 (10 giugno 2005): 917–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hessd-2-917-2005.

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Abstract. The present study is focused on an examination of the correlation relationships for hydraulic permeability and transmissivity with electrical resistivity in a range of fractured and alluvial aquifers. The observed permeability data for fractured rock aquifers at some locations is correlated nonlinearly with electrical resistivity of the aquifers estimated from resistivity sounding data and it is found that the permeability of the aquifer in this region exponentially decreases with increase in resistivity. Permeability of the hard rock aquifer within the weathered zone and alluvium aquifers increases exponentially with increase in resistivity, and transmissivity decreases exponentially. However, in case of fracture rock and sandwiched aquifers, transmissivity increases exponentially with increase in resistivity. An attempt has been made to find general functional relationship between hydraulic parameters and resistivity of the aquifer, and therefore, published and observed data from India and other parts of the world has been taken under consideration. It is found that for fracture rock and alluvium aquifers, permeability and the transmissivity are best defined as the exponential functions of aquifer resistivity. The application of electrical parameters obtained from resistivity data for evaluation of hydraulic parameters has been demonstrated in detail within the Osmania University Campus, Hyderabad (India). The empirical relations between aquifer parameters and resistivity are established for transforming resistivity distribution into permeability and transmissivity of the aquifer. The information thus obtained from resistivity data on permeability of the aquifer and transmissivity distribution in the study area can be used for optimal use and assessment of water resources.

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Jaka Yuwana, Ngudi Aji, Nora Herdiana Pandjaitan e Roh Santoso Budi Waspodo. "Prediksi cadangan air tanah berdasarkan hasil pendugaan geolistrik di Kabupaten Grobogan, Jawa Tengah". JURNAL SUMBER DAYA AIR 13, n. 1 (27 dicembre 2017): 23–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.32679/jsda.v13i1.139.

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One of the solutions for water shortage in Grobogan District is groundwater utilization. Excessive groundwater pumping will decrease groundwater level and trigger a landsubsidence. It is necessary to conduct hydrogeological study to determine the groundwater storage in this area. The purpose of this research were to determine the hydrogeological conditions, aquifer characteristics and potential of groundwater storage in Grobogan district. This research used geoelectrical method to identify rock characteristics. The results showed that the geological formation in Grobogan district consisted of Qa, Tmpk, Tmpl, Tps, Tmw and Qp. Grobogan district had 5 aquifers system, there are: poorly productive aquifers, moderately productive aquifers, locally productive aquifers, extensive productive aquifers and region without exploitable groundwater. The aquifer layer consisted of sand, marl sandy, silty sand and calcareous sand. The unconfined aquifer was located at 1,2 - 58 m from soil surface with average thickness of 13,54 m and the hydraulic conductivity of 3,54 m/day. The confined aquifer depth can be estimated between 29 - 174 m from soil surface with average thickness of 37,4 m and the hydraulic conductivity of 3,87 m/day.The predicted groundwater storage in Grobogan district of unconfined aquifer was 401,33 l/sec and confined aquifer was 1.804,95 l/sec.

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Più fonti

Tesi sul tema "Aquifers"

Chen, Yiming. "Aquifer storage and recovery in saline aquifers". Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/52266.

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Aquifer storage and recovery (ASR) is a particular scheme of artificial recharge of groundwater by injecting fresh water into aquifers and subsequently recovering the stored water during times of peak demand or extended drought. In the era of combating climate change, ASR, as an effective means for water reuse and sustainable management of water resources in concert with the natural environment, represents a huge opportunity for climate change adaptation to mitigate water availability stress.The success of an ASR scheme is quantified by the recovery efficiency (RE), defined as the volume of stored water that can be recovered for supply purposes divided by the total volume injected. It is not uncommon that RE may be significantly lower than 100% because of the water quality changes as a consequence of the mixing between the injected water and native groundwater and the interaction between injected water and soil. Thus, the key of a successful ASR scheme is (1) to select appropriate aquifers and (2) to design optimal operational processes to build up a bubble of injected water with minimized negative impact from such mixing and interaction. To achieve this, this thesis develops an integrated knowledge base with sound interdisciplinary science and understanding of the mixing processes under operational ASR management in aquifers with various hydrogeological conditions. Analytical and numerical modeling are conducted to improve the scientific understanding of mixing processes involved in ASR schemes and to provide specific technical guidance for improving ASR efficiency under complex hydrogeological conditions. (1) An efficient approach is developed to analytically evaluate solute transport in a horizontal radial flow field with a multistep pumping and examine the ASR performance in homogeneous, isotropic aquifer with advective and dispersive transport processes. (2) Numerical and analytical studies are conducted to investigate the efficiency of an ASR system in dual-domain aquifers with mass transfer limitations under various hydrogeological and operational conditions. Simple and effective relationships between transport parameters and ASR operational parameters are derived to quantify the effectiveness and ascertain the potential of ASR systems with mass transfer limitations.(3) Effects of hydrogeological and operational parameters on ASR efficiency are assessed in homogeneous/stratified, isotropic/anisotropic coastal aquifers. Effects of transverse dispersion are particularly investigated in such aquifers.(4) Finally, we test and study an innovative ASR scheme for improving the RE in brackish aquifers: injection through a fully-penetrated well and recovery through a partially-penetrated well.

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Artiola, Janick. "Arizona Aquifers". College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/298168.

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Video is available on the UofAZCALS YouTube channel.
About 5% of Arizona's population depends on private wells for fresh water and more than 40% of our annual water use comes from Arizona's aquifers. Following a brief introduction to regulations, requirements and equipment used for drilling a private well in Arizona, this video presents the geologic origins of Arizona's aquifer materials with illustrations and pictures of AZ aquifers. Finally, aquifers are ranked by their ability to store and produce water.

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Payne, Scott Marshall. "Classification of aquifers". Diss., [Missoula, Mont.] : The University of Montana, 2010. http://etd.lib.umt.edu/theses/available/etd-03082010-112041.

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Sun, Xiaobin. "Testing and evaluation of artesian aquifers in Table Mountain Group aquifers". University of the Western Cape, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/4369.

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Philosophiae Doctor - PhD
The Table Mountain Group (TMG) Aquifer is a huge aquifer system which may provide large bulk water supplies for local municipalities and irrigation water for agriculture in the Western Cape and Eastern Cape Provinces in South Africa. In many locations, water pressure in an aquifer may force groundwater out of ground surface so that the borehole drilled into the aquifer would produce overflow without a pump. Appropriate testing and evaluation of such artesian aquifers is very critical for sound evaluation and sustainable utilization of groundwater resources in the TMG area. However, study on this aspect of hydrogeology in TMG is limited. Although the flow and storage of TMG aquifer was conceptualised in previous studies, no specific study on artesian aquifer in TMG was made available. There are dozens of flowing artesian boreholes in TMG in which the pressure heads in the boreholes are above ground surface locally. A common approach to estimate hydraulic properties of the aquifers underneath is to make use of free-flowing and recovery tests conducted on a flowing artesian borehole. However, such testing approach was seldom carried out in TMG due to lack of an appropriate device readily available for data collection. A special hydraulic test device was developed for data collection in this context. The test device was successfully tested at a flowing artesian borehole in TMG. The device can not only be used to measure simultaneous flow rate and pressure head at the test borehole, but also be portable and flexible for capturing the data during aquifer tests in similar conditions like artesian holes in Karoo, dolomite or other sites in which pressure head is above ground surface. The straight-line method proposed by Jacob-Lohman is often adopted for data interpretation. However, the approach may not be able to analyse the test data from flowing artesian holes in TMG. The reason is that the TMG aquifers are often bounded by impermeable faults or folds at local or intermediate scale, which implies that some assumptions of infinite aquifer required for the straight-line method cannot be fulfilled. Boundary conditions based on the Jacob-Lohman method need to be considered during the simulation. In addition, the diagnostic plot analysis method using reciprocal rate derivative is adapted to cross-check the results from the straight-line method. The approach could help identify the flow regimes and discern the boundary conditions, of which results further provide useful information to conceptualize the aquifer and facilitate an appropriate analytical method to evaluate the aquifer properties. Two case studies in TMG were selected to evaluate the hydraulic properties of artesian aquifers using the above methods. The transmissivities of the artesian aquifer in TMG range from 0.6 to 46.7 m2/d based on calculations with recovery test data. Storativities range from 10-4 to 10-3 derived from free-flowing test data analysis. For the aquifer at each specific site, the transmissivity value of the artesian aquifer in Rawsonville is estimated to be 7.5–23 m2/d, with storativity value ranging from 2.0×10-4 to 5.5×10-4. The transmissivity value of the artesian aquifer in Oudtshoorn is approximately 37 m2/d, with S value of 1.16×10-3. The simulation results by straight-line and diagnostic plot analysis methods, not only imply the existence of negative skin zone in the vicinity of the test boreholes, but also highlight the fact that the TMG aquifers are often bounded by impermeable faults or folds at local or intermediate scale. With the storativity values of artesian aquifers derived from data interpretation, total groundwater storage capacity of aquifers at two case studies was calculated. The figures will provide valuable information for decision-makers to plan and develop sustainable groundwater utilization of artesian aquifers in local or intermediate scales. With the hydraulic test device readily available for data collection, more aquifer tests can be carried out in other overflow artesian boreholes in TMG. It becomes feasible to determine the hydraulic properties of artesian aquifers for the entire TMG. Thereof quantification of groundwater resources of artesian aquifers in TMG at a mega-scale becomes achievable. This would also contribute towards global research initiative for quantification of groundwater resources at a mega-scale.

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Wendelborn, Anke. "Zinc and copper behaviour during stormwater aquifer storage and recovery in sandy aquifers". Monash University. Faculty of Engineering. Department of Civil Engineering, Institute for Sustainable Water Resources, 2008. http://arrow.monash.edu.au/hdl/1959.1/68715.

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In the light of increasing demand and diminishing supplies a sustainable urban water management for Melbourne and other cities will need to include water recycling and reuse of reclaimed water and stormwater. One key issue in stormwater reuse is the need for storage between times of collection until times of demand. Aquifer storage and recovery (ASR) would be a valuable option as it has limited space requirements and restricts loss from evaporation. However, stormwater commonly contains elevated levels of heavy metals, of which Zn and Cu are the most mobile. Stormwater also contains suspended solids, organic carbon, oxygen and nutrients, which influence the behaviour of injected metals and induce geochemical changes in the aquifer. While stormwater ASR has been practiced in limestone aquifers in South Australia, field data for sandy aquifers, which are more prevalent around Melbourne, are very limited. Risk assessment regarding the potential impact of stormwater ASR on the quality of the aquifer and groundwater resources in sandy aquifer is therefore necessary. After a characterisation of stormwater from different Melbourne catchments confirmed comparatively high concentrations of Zn and Cu in stormwater, three siliceous aquifer sediments were used in a series of batch sorption experiments as well as column experiments imitating one ASR cycle to assess the impact of different parameters on Zn and Cu behaviour. The reactive geochemical transport model PHT3D was then modified to simulate experimental results with the outlook that it could be used as a predictive tool for long term evaluation. The study showed that Zn adsorption was limited and desorption of large fractions occurred, indicating that injected amounts of Zn are mobile and would mainly be recovered. In contrast, Cu adsorption was higher and desorption was limited, indicating that injected amounts of Cu would mainly accumulate in the aquifer. The release of metals was triggered by reduction in pH, increase in ionic strength and particle mobilisation. Metal concentrations were also increased after storage phases, while minor sediment constituents, especially organic matter, significantly reduce metal mobility. The different role of dissolved and solid organic carbon is critical in understanding Cu behaviour during stormwater ASR. Pretreatment of stormwater to reduce the injection of colloids, organic carbon and metals are recommended to limit metal accumulation in the subsurface. Monitoring of water quality throughout the ASR cycle would be encouraged to validate the current findings with field data. Special attention should be paid to backflushed water quality to ensure correct disposal.

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Shamsudduha, Mohammad. "Mineralogical and geochemical profiling of arsenic-contaminated alluvial aquifers in the Ganges-Brahmaputra floodplain, Minikganj, Bangladesh". Auburn, Ala., 2007. http://repo.lib.auburn.edu/2007%20Spring%20Theses/SHAMSUDDUHA_MOHAMMAD_47.pdf.

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Williams, David G. "Whole aquifer system management: the northeast floridan aquifer system under an interstate compact". Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/30907.

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Park, Chan-Hee. "Saltwater Intrusion in Coastal Aquifers". Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/4857.

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Utilizing the analytical solution of the steady state sharp interface saltwater intrusion model in coastal aquifers, a multi-objective optimization formulation of pumping rates and well locations in a coastal aquifer is formulated to solve problems in water management practice. The proposed optimization problem uses progressive genetic algorithm technique and the method developed is applied to the previous work of Cheng et al. [2000]. Through this analysis, several other applications are provided to demonstrate the use of the model in practical applications. This work is the first to optimize pumping rates as well as well locations simultaneously in coastal aquifer management. Known the limitation of the analytical solution, the work is expanded to cover the physics of saltwater intrusion in a more realistic way. This is variable density flow in a variably saturated porous medium. In this method, mixing between two fluids such as saltwater and freshwater can be described and the porous medium is also expanded to cover saturated and unsaturated zones together. One of the objectives is to develop a three dimensional physical model, verify the model, and apply to various applications in coastal aquifers. The developed model, TechFlow, is used to investigate instability issues associated with the numerical solution of the Elder problem in the perspective that includes physical instability issues associated with density differences used in numerical solutions, sensitivity of the solution to idealization irregularity, and the importance of accurate estimation of the velocity field and its association to the grid density levels that is necessary to solve the problem accurately. Saltwater intrusion hydrodynamics in a beach under the influence of tidal effects is also investigated using TechFlow. Based on the results of TechFlow with the use of various boundary conditions for the transport equation, the saltwater intrusion hydrodynamics in a beach under the influence of tidal effects shows unique dynamics. These solutions are primarily affected by density differences, tidal effects on a mild slope, variably saturated porous medium and finite domain solution condition. TechFlow is also used to investigate saltwater upconing beneath pumping wells both two- and three-dimensional applications.

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Teo, Hhih-Ting, e h. teo@griffith edu au. "Tidal Dynamics in Coastal Aquifers". Griffith University. School of Engineering, 2003. http://www4.gu.edu.au:8080/adt-root/public/adt-QGU20030729.155028.

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The prediction of coastal groundwater movement is necessary in coastal management. However, the study in this field is still a great challenge due to the involvement of tidal-groundwater interactions and the phenomena of hydrodynamic dispersion between salt-fresh water in the coastal region. To date, numerous theories for groundwater dynamic have been made available in analytical, numerical and also experimental forms. Nevertheless, most of them are based on the zeroth-order shallow flow, i.e. Boussinesq approximation. Two main components for coastal unconfined aquifer have been completed in this Thesis: the vertical beach model and the sloping beach model. Both solutions are solved in closed-form up to higher order with shallow water parameter ([epsilon]) and tidal amplitude parameter ([alpha]). The vertical beach solution contributes to the higher-order tidal fluctuations while the sloping beach model overcomes the shortcomings in the existing solutions. From this study, higher-order components are found to be significant especially for larger value of [alpha] and [epsilon]. Other parameters such as hydraulic conductivity (K) and the thickness of aquifer (D) also affect the water table fluctuations. The new sloping solution demonstrated the significant influence of beach slope ([beta]) on the water table fluctuations. A comprehensive comparison between previous solution and the present sloping solution have been performed mathematically and numerically and the present solution has been demonstrated to provide a better prediction

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Halihan, Todd. "Permeability structure in fractured aquifers /". Digital version accessible at:, 2000. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/main.

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Libri sul tema "Aquifers"

Pyne, R. David G. Groundwater recharge and wells: A guide to aquifer storage recovery. Boca Raton: Lewis Publishers, 1995.

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Cook, Marlon R. The Eutaw aquifer in Alabama. Tuscaloosa, Ala. (420 Hackberry Lane, Tuscaloosa 35486-9780): Geological Survey of Alabama, Hydrogeology Division, 1993.

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Johnston, Richard H. Summary of the hydrology of the Floridan aquifer system in Florida and in parts of Georgia, South Carolina, and Alabama. Washington, D.C: U.S. G.P.O., 1988.

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Clark, Allan K. Geologic framework of the Edwards aquifer and upper confining unit, and hydrogeologic characteristics of the Edwards aquifer, south-central Uvalde County, Texas. Austin, Tex: U.S. Geological Survey, 1997.

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Johnston, Richard H. Summary of the hydrology of the Floridan aquifer system in Florida and in parts of Georgia, South Carolina, and Alabama. Washington, DC: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, 1988.

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Ashworth, John B. Aquifers of Texas. [Austin, Tex.]: Texas Water Development Board, 1995.

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Haarhoff, Dorian. Aquifers and dust. Rivonia, Johannesburg: Justified Press, 1994.

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Aucott, Walter R. Selected aquifer-test information for the Coastal Plain aquifers of South Carolina. Columbia, S.C: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, Geological Survey, 1986.

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Capitoli di libri sul tema "Aquifers"

Kukuric, Neno, Jac van der Gun, Slavek Vasak, Ognjen Bonacci, Irina Polshkova, Ofelia Tujchneider, Marcela Perez et al. "Transboundary Aquifers". In Transboundary Water Resources Management, 87–154. Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9783527636655.ch4.

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Sindalovskiy, Leonid N. "Confined Aquifers". In Aquifer Test Solutions, 3–54. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-43409-4_1.

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Sindalovskiy, Leonid N. "Unconfined Aquifers". In Aquifer Test Solutions, 55–69. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-43409-4_2.

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Sindalovskiy, Leonid N. "Leaky Aquifers". In Aquifer Test Solutions, 71–114. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-43409-4_3.

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Alsharhan, Abdulrahman S., e Zeinelabidin E. Rizk. "Gravel Aquifers". In Water Resources and Integrated Management of the United Arab Emirates, 335–93. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-31684-6_11.

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Alsharhan, Abdulrahman S., e Zeinelabidin E. Rizk. "Limestone Aquifers". In Water Resources and Integrated Management of the United Arab Emirates, 281–309. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-31684-6_9.

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Nimmo, John, David A. Stonestrom e Richard W. Healy. "Aquifers: Recharge". In Fresh Water and Watersheds, 11–15. Second edition. | Boca Raton: CRC Press, [2020] | Revised edition of: Encyclopedia of natural resources. [2014].: CRC Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780429441042-3.

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Price, Michael. "More about aquifers". In Introducing Groundwater, 70–97. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-1811-2_7.

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Sindalovskiy, Leonid N. "Horizontally Heterogeneous Aquifers". In Aquifer Test Solutions, 115–26. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-43409-4_4.

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Dhiman, S. C. "Rejuvenation of Aquifers". In Springer Water, 187–204. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-2700-1_10.

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Atti di convegni sul tema "Aquifers"

Wang, Bo, Xiangzeng Wang, Yiming Chen, Quansheng Liang e Fanhua Zeng. "A Review-Dissolution and Mineralization Storage of CO2 Geological Storage in Saline Aquifers". In SPE Canadian Energy Technology Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/212790-ms.

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Abstract Saline aquifer has become the preferred storage location of carbon capture, and storage (CCS) technology because of its wide distribution, large storage capacity and high safety factor. According to IPCC statistics, the storage capacity of saline aquifers worldwide is 400 – 10000 Gt, which is dozens of times that of oil and gas reservoirs and hundreds of times that of coal seams. Therefore, the carbon storage in saline aquifer has the most potential for CO2 storage. Carbon sequestration in saline aquifers includes four trapping mechanisms: short-term geological and hydrodynamic capture and long-term geochemical (solubility and mineral) capture. Moreover, the solubility of CO2 in saline aquifer and the mechanism of mineral capture (salt precipitation) depends on the injected CO2 and the water-rock characteristics of saline aquifer. However, current knowledge on geochemical capture is still at an early stage compared to other capture theories. Recent researches indicate that although temperature, pressure, salinity of formation water and mineral composition of formation rocks are important factors affecting mineral storage, other reservoir parameters, such as reservoir thickness, dip angle, anisotropy, and bedding distribution, may also significantly affect salt precipitation, mineral storage, and geo-chemical storage. In this paper, we would like to present a comprehensive review on the solubility model of CO2 in saline aquifers, the phase permeability change of CO2 and saline aquifers, the mechanism of CO2-water -rock interaction, the dissolution and precipitation model of inorganic salt minerals, and the influencing factors for CO2 sequestration in saline aquifers. We believe that this review lays a foundation for future study of carbon storage technology in saline aquifer.

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Dayani, D. A., W. Wilopo e I. Azwartika. "GEOELECTRIC METHODS FOR GROUNDWATER EXPLORATION IN THE FOOD ESTATE AREA OF CENTRAL SUMBA REGENCY, EAST NUSA TENGGARA, INDONESIA". In 7th International Conference on Sustainable Built Environment. Universitas Islam Indonesia, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.20885/icsbe.vol2.art12.

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Groundwater is one water source to meet the needs of humans, animals, and plants. The groundwater potential of an area is usually difficult to determine because it is below the [1]surface. The Indonesian government has a program to develop a food estate in Central Sumba Regency; however, the availability of surface irrigation water is limited. Therefore, the assessment of groundwater potential was conducted. In this study, the evaluation of groundwater potential was carried out using geophysical methods and a hydrogeological survey. The resistivity of subsurface rocks was measured in 20 VES points by Schlumberger configuration. The area of the food estate in Central Sumba is mainly composed of limestone that forms a karst landscape. The groundwater level from the existing well is around 2-16 meters from the surface. The potential of rock as an aquifer is limestone with a resistivity value between 34 -7013 Ωm. There are two types of aquifers in the study area: unconfined and confined aquifers. Unconfined aquifers are found at a depth of 2-7 meters, while confined aquifers are found at depths of 11-120 meters. The distribution of aquifers is more in the western part of the study area.

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Muñoz Mazo, E. O., C. L. Delgadillo Aya, C. Espinosa Leon, A. Rueda Lizarazo, L. Toro Agudelo, A. M. Naranjo Pacheco, S. Arango Gómez, G. A. Nava Ardila, J. A. Villasmil Montero e E. J. Manrique Ventura. "Multilateral Wells to Control Water Inflow in Reservoir Connected to Active Underlying Aquifers: A Technical and Economic Analysis". In SPE Latin American and Caribbean Petroleum Engineering Conference. SPE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/213111-ms.

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Abstract In formations with good storage and flow capacity connected to underlying aquifers with strong water intrusion due to the absence of geological seals, conventional primary or enhanced production techniques do not seem to solve the aquifer's water encroachment problem. This work presents the technical and economic analysis of the use of wells with multilateral architectures as an alternative to overcome the uncontrolled water inflow from active aquifers and its consequences on oil productivity. To analyze the production options of an area with strong water influx in a Colombian field, different configurations of multilateral wells were studied considering the governing flow mechanisms in the reservoir. To do so, a numerical simulation workflow was proposed, using local grid refinement analysis to guarantee the representativeness of the active aquifer inflow phenomenon and the operating parameters that maximize the performance of these wells were determined through sensitivity analysis. The results of this study demonstrate the potential of the technology to increase oil production and ultimate oil recovery by adequately managing the drained water from the aquifer in a cost-effective manner. A well drilled in an unsealed area with strong aquifer inflow quickly exceeds the 99% water cut and must be shut after a cumulative production of only 40000 BBL of oil. This is the case of more than 5000 Mbbl of oil stored in Colombian fields, connected to very active aquifers that currently cannot be produced economically. Bilateral or multilateral well configurations allow, simultaneously, oil production in the interest area and the creation of a water drainage area below the oil-water contact. In this way, it is possible to mechanically control the water inflow to the oil-producing segment, keeping the water cut below the economic limit (99.5%), increasing the cumulative oil production, and extending its productive life. As for the drained water, there are several management options, either producing it to the surface or reinjecting it into a nearby (upper or lower) formation. The results of the numerical analysis show that the oil production of a well located in an unsealed zone with strong water encroachment, can increase more than 7 times if the proposed drainage segment support is used in the multilateral configuration. It is possible to keep the water cut below the economic limit and increase the well productive life.

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Ren, Bo, Jerry Jensen, Ian Duncan e Larry Lake. "Buoyant Flow of H2 Versus CO2 in Storage Aquifers". In SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/210327-ms.

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Abstract Hydrogen will play an important role in the quest to decarbonize the world’s economy by substituting fossil fuels. In addition to the development of hydrogen generation technologies, the energy industry will need to increase hydrogen storage capacity to facilitate the development of a robust hydrogen economy. The required hydrogen storage capacity will be much larger than current hydrogen and natural gas storage capacities. There are a several geological storage options for hydrogen that include depleted hydrocarbon fields and aquifers, where more research is needed until the feasibility to store hydrogen at scale is proven. Here, we investigate the buoyant flow of H2 (as a working gas) versus CO2 (as a cushion gas) separately in a representative storage aquifer. Buoyant flow can affect the maximum storage, capillary trapping, likelihood of leakage, and deliverability of aquifer-stored hydrogen. After building a two-dimensional geological reservoir model initially filled with saline water, we ran numerical simulations to determine how hydrogen placed at the bottom of an aquifer might rise through the water column. The Leverett j-function is used to generate heterogeneous capillary entry pressure fields that correlate with porosity and permeability fields. Hydrogen viscosities were based on the Jossi et al. correlation, and the density was modeled using the Peng-Robinson equation of state. We then simulated several scenarios to assess flow during short- (annually) and long- (several years) term storage. For comparison purposes, we also ran CO2 storage simulations using the same geological model but with CO2-brine-rock properties collected from the literature. For a representative storage aquifer (323 K, 15.7 MPa, and mean permeability of 200 mD), significant fingering occurred as the hydrogen rose through the saline water column. The hydrogen experienced more buoyant flow and created flow paths with increased fingering when compared with CO2. Individual hydrogen fingers are thinner than the CO2 fingers in the simulations and the tip of hydrogen finger fronts propagated upward roughly twice as fast as the CO2 front for a typical set of heterogeneity indicators (Dykstra-Parson’s coefficient Vdp = 0.80, and dimensionless autocorrelation length λdx = 2). The implications of buoyant flow for hydrogen in saline aquifers include an increased threat of leakage, more residual trapping of hydrogen, and, therefore, the need to focus more on the heterogeneity and lateral correlation behavior of the repository. If hydrogen penetrates the caprock of an aquifer, it will leak faster than CO2 and generate more vertical flow pathways. We identify possible depositional environments for clastic aquifers that would offer suitable characteristics for storage.

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Ferreira, J., M. C. Cunha, J. Vieira e J. P. Monteiro. "Optimized exploitation of aquifers: application to the Querença-Silves aquifer system". In WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT 2009. Southampton, UK: WIT Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/wrm090011.

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Grutters, Mark, Saloua Tiar, Avnish Kumar Mathur, Jawaher Mohamed AlDhanhani, Noora Aadel Mohammed Alblooshi, Weiliang Liu, Zhengzhong Li e Feng Zhai. "Unlocking Oil Production Through Debottlenecking Water Facilities by Implementation of a Novel PWRI Solution". In ADIPEC. SPE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/216345-ms.

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Abstract An onshore oilfield producing 260 MBD from carbonate reservoirs has been facing production constraints, due to increasing water cut and produced water (PW) disposal limitations caused by surface flow line integrity issues. Traditionally, PW is disposed in water aquifers without treatment other than water settling tanks. Aquifer water is used for reservoir pressure maintenance. To reduce the water disposal volumes and hence debottleneck oil production, and to limit the intake of water from environmentally sensitive aquifers it was evaluated if PW could replace aquifer water for injection. A comprehensive laboratory study, with water analysis and core flooding demonstrated that PW alone, without treatment, is likely to cause significant formation damage. However, additional modeling indicated that PW reinjection (PWRI) was feasible if mixed with aquifer water without the need for further treatment. It was estimated that 35% PW could be mixed with 65% aquifer water for matrix injection in tight reservoirs (<10 md). The risk for inorganic scale formation due to water incompatibility and the risk for corrosion or pitting was assessed to be low. After a facility engineering study it was decided to expedite routing of PW to the injection water manifold via a temporary flexible line. A surveillance program was put in place to monitor the water quality and injection well performance. PW reinjection has been implemented without any recorded instances of increased injection pressure since the start. This ‘reversed engineering’ approach, in which critical oil-in-water (OIW) and total suspended solids (TSS) specifications were first established for different reservoirs, followed by modelling of mixing scenarios that meet these specifications, resulted in a successful PW/aquifer mixing pilot project. The increased produced water handling capacity has unlocked 3,000 t0 5,000 BOPD, resulted in further cost reductions by eliminating drilling of disposal wells and contributed to the overall goals of eliminating water intake from vulnerable aquifers.

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Moridis, G. J., M. T. Reagan, T. Huang e T. A. Blasingame. "Analysis of the Performance of Horizontal Wells in the Long-Term CO2 Sequestration in Saline Aquifers". In SPE Europe Energy Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/220055-ms.

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Abstract The objectives of this study are (a) to analyze the CO2 sequestration performance of horizontal wells in saline aquifers during both the injection period and the subsequent long ‘rest’ period of inactivity, (b) to investigate the potential impact of salinity on the well injectivity, (c) to evaluate the effects of key well and aquifer properties, system conditions, and injection practices, and (d) compare the sequestration performance of horizontal wells to that of vertical wells. The study accounts for all known non-isothermal multiphase flow and transport processes associated with CO2 sequestration, including the potential salt (halite) precipitation, and uses a high-resolution grid to accurately capture the possible emergence and effects of halite near the well. The study models continuous CO2 injection at realistic rates into varying-salinity aquifers until a geomechanically safe maximum pressure is reached, followed by 100 years of shut-in. The results show that (a) large-scale CO2 storage in saline aquifers using horizontal wells is technically feasible, (b) the storage potential of CO2 dissolved in the aqueous phase is substantial (both in terms of the magnitude of the dissolved concentration and its spatial extent) and increases over time during the rest period, but its benefit decreases rapidly with an increasing salinity, (c) unlike the case of vertical wells, salinity appears to have practically no effect on the well injectivity as halite precipitation is negligible even at high CO2 injection rates, requiring no mitigation measures, and (d) horizontal wells appear significantly (if not overwhelmingly) superior to vertical wells for CO2 sequestration in saline aquifers. The results of the study indicate that the overall CO2 sequestration performance of horizontal wells (a) is significantly greater for deeper saline aquifers and, surprisingly, for more permeable upper boundaries, and (b) improves modestly with a decreasing CO2 injection rate, an increasing aquifer permeability, an increasing aquifer salinity, and by positioning the horizontal well closer to the base of the aquifer, but (c) appears practically insensitive to the temperature of the injected CO2. With the exception of the cases of very high-salinity and of a more permeable upper boundary, the long-term amount of CO2 dissolved in the aqueous phase routinely exceeds 45-50% of the total CO2 amount stored in the aquifer. Additionally, with the exception of the cases of more permeable upper boundaries, the long-term losses into the overburden never exceed 1% of the injected CO2. More permeable overburdens may register losses as high as 5%, but these can be acceptable because they occur mostly in the aqueous phase, stagnate very rapidly as they ascend in the subsurface profile—where they pose a limited risk for CO2 exsolution because of lower temperatures—and are associated with much larger amounts of sequestered CO2.

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Pearce, J. K., H. Hofmann, K. Baublys, S. D. Golding, K. Fifield, S. J. Herbert, Z. Bhebhe, I. Matthews, A. Moser e P. Hayes. "Methods for Differentiating Methane and Carbon Dioxide Sources in Aquifers Overlying Gas Reservoirs or Associated with CO2 Storage Sites". In Asia Pacific Unconventional Resources Symposium. SPE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/217301-ms.

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Abstract Understanding the sources of gases, including methane and carbon dioxide, and their concentrations and isotopic signatures in aquifer groundwater is important in regions where gas, coal or oil are extracted. It is also important where CO2 or other gases are stored or planned to be stored geologically. Methane and CO2 can exist naturally in an aquifer, for example when generated by microbial processes. Aquifer groundwater is often extracted by a variety of overlapping users for agriculture, stock, town and domestic water supply as well as by industries including mines and energy. Water bores drilled into these aquifers can be gassy or may become gassy over time, and gas shows can occur in shallow groundwater, soils, or rivers. Where these are overlying or adjacent to mines, gas and oil extraction or storage reservoirs it poses questions as to the source of gases and may raise queries about leakage. We show several examples where we have sampled gas and waters from Great Artesian Basin aquifers that overly coal seam gas (CSG) reservoirs. In addition, we regionally sampled deep bores in a proposed CO2 storage reservoir, and the surrounding and overlying aquifers. We used a combination of stable isotopes of gases and waters, major and minor ions, strontium isotopes, 36Cl, 14C, and other tracers to understand gas sources and inter aquifer connectivity. In the majority of cases the data support a lack of "leakage" with gases from natural in situ processes. The methods and tools described here can help distinguish sources of gases, and avoid environmental and social licence issues while protecting water resources. They are also applicable to understand sites and potential, real or claimed leakage from shale gas and oil reservoirs, or from other gas storage sites such as for H2, compressed air, or methane.

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Zhang, Zheming, e Ramesh Agarwal. "Numerical Simulation of Geological Carbon Sequestration in Saline Aquifers: Three Case Studies". In ASME 2013 7th International Conference on Energy Sustainability collocated with the ASME 2013 Heat Transfer Summer Conference and the ASME 2013 11th International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/es2013-18025.

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Geological carbon sequestration (GCS) is one of the most promising technologies to address the issue of excessive anthropogenic CO2 emissions in the atmosphere due to fossil fuel combustion for electricity generation. For GCS, the saline aquifer geological carbon sequestration is considered very attractive compared to other options because of their huge sequestration capacity in U.S. and other parts of the world. However, in order to fully exploit their potential, the injection strategies need to be investigated that can address the issues of both the CO2 storage efficiency and safety along with their economic feasibility. Numerical simulations can be used to determine these strategies before the deployment of full scale sequestration in saline aquifers. This paper presents the numerical simulations of CO2 sequestration in three large identified saline aquifers (Mt. Simon, Frio, Utsira) where the sequestration is currently underway or has recently been completed (in case of Frio). The numerical simulations are in acceptable agreement with the seismic data available for plume migration. The results of large scale history-matching simulation in Mt. Simon, Frio, and Utsira formations provide important insights in the uncertainties associated with the numerical modeling of saline aquifer GCS.

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Longardner, Robert L., Anthony Visnesky e J. R. Strother. "Increasing the Capacity Factors of Base Load Generating Facilities by Storage of Electrical Energy in Aquifers as Compressed Air". In ASME 1988 International Gas Turbine and Aeroengine Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/88-gt-283.

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This paper sets out the advantages of using “off-the-shelf” equipment to produce an effective Compressed Air Energy System (CAES) and to develop the storage parameters of those geological entrapments that can be pressurized with air for the generation of electrical energy on demand. The long lead time and the developmental cost needed to perfect turbo-machinery for aquifer storage has been a deterrant on the utilities in their desire to implement air storage in aquifers. Off-the-shelf hardware and predesigned turbo-machinery specified herein is readily adaptable to aquifer storage parameters and can be manufactured without the expense and uncertainty related to developmental hardware. Hence, normal equipment manufacturer’s assurances and guarantees are available for these applications. When compared to the alternative storage opportunities such as; pumped hydro, battery storage and superconducting magnetic storage, the cost of compressed air storage in aquifers is a fraction of the first cost of these alternatives and as good or better in operating costs.

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Rapporti di organizzazioni sul tema "Aquifers"

Hanson, A. E. H., e J. I. LaFave. Manganese concentrations in Montana's groundwater. Montana Bureau of Mines and Geology, agosto 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.59691/aauy5468.

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This report describes the overall Mn concentrations in Montana’s principal aquifers. Statistical relationships between Mn and other aquifer variables are also discussed. An excel file with the dataset is provided as an appendix.

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Fan, Mingyuan. Managed Aquifer Recharge in Mongolia: Policy Recommendations and Lessons Learned from Pilot Applications. Asian Development Bank, ottobre 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.22617/brf230405-2.

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This brief shares lessons from pilot projects to replenish Mongolia’s aquifers to help offset rising demand for water as climate change threatens to worsen shortages. It notes that Mongolia relies on groundwater for 90% of its water supplies and assesses three managed aquifer recharge (MAR) projects. These rely either on injection wells, surface water spreading, or enhancing natural recharge processes. It recommends Mongolia continues researching managed aquifer recharge, and shows how technical, institutional, and financial support could help harness MAR’s potential to provide vital solutions for water-scarce areas.

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Slattery, S. R., P. J. Barnett, A. J. M. Pugin, D. R. Sharpe, D. Goodyear, R E Gerber, S. Holysh e S. Davies. Tunnel-channel complexes in the Zephyr area, Ontario: potential high-yield aquifers. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/331410.

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In south-central Ontario, tunnel channels are primary targets for groundwater exploration due to their potential to contain confined, water-bearing, coarse-grained sediment fills. Despite extensive hydrogeologic and geologic exploration within these features, a comprehensive depositional model that illustrates the spatial distribution of coarse- and fine- grained sediment in tunnel-channel complexes is absent. Work in the Zephr area, north of ORM, presents new subsurface data to improve understanding of this geologic setting and to add to geologic models of these channel systems. Findings result from combined geology, sedimentology, geophysics (seismic profiling) and sediment drilling (mud rotary and continuous core) to better our understanding the shallow channel setting north of ORM, including: 1) spatial distribution of coarse- and fine-grained sediments in tunnel-channels; 2) the architecture of tunnel-channel sequences in confluence zones. Preferred aquifer targets aquifer units in the Zephyr area are identified in areas of channel confluence and channel bends. Channel aquifers are confined by 3.9 to 28.5 m thick deposits of rhythmically bedded silt and clay.

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TROJER, Mathias, e Stephan MATTHAI. CO2 migration in saline aquifers. Cogeo@oeaw-giscience, settembre 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.5242/iamg.2011.0102.

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Halliwell, D. R., S. Vanderburgh, B. D. Ricketts e L. E. Jackson. Unconfined aquifers, Fraser River Basin. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/184136.

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Jiang, Xiaowei, e John Cherry. History and Hydraulics of Flowing Wells. The Groundwater Project, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.21083/cpet1503.

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Because flowing wells are spectacular visual evidence of groundwater occurrence, they became the impetus for both qualitative and quantitative groundwater science. The pursuit of answers to fundamental questions generated by flowing wells in confined aquifers bounded by aquitards moved the science forward for more than a century until pumping became the main form of groundwater development. Since the turn of the 20th century, flowing wells in unconfined aquifers were an impetus for the paradigm shift from aquitard-bound flow to cross-formational flow driven by topography. In this book, the histories of drilling flowing wells in France, the US, Canada, and China—which led to important findings on hydraulics of flowing wells—are summarized. The occurrence of flowing wells in confined aquifers, unconfined aquifers and semi-confined aquifers are demonstrated by showing the corresponding forms of topography-driven groundwater flow from recharge to discharge areas in different aquifers. This book introduces classic models of steady-state and transient discharge rates from flowing wells without considering basinal groundwater flow fields as proposed by Dupuit (1863), Jacob and Lohman (1952), and Hantush (1959). Recent models of transient and steady-state discharge rates of flowing wells that consider basinal groundwater flow fields—which led to a clear understanding of sources of water derived in flowing wells—are also introduced. By providing a comprehensive description of flowing wells, this book is useful not only to understanding hydraulics of flowing wells, but also to understanding the history of groundwater science.

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Russell, H. A. J. Archetypal aquifers and Canada 1 water. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/329827.

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Edinberg, Sara C. Hydrogeologic framework of the upper Yellowstone River Valley, Park County, Montana. Montana Bureau of Mines and Geology, gennaio 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.59691/edpk6554.

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Carter, T. R., C. E. Logan, J K Clark, H. A. J. Russell, E. H. Priebe e S. Sun. A three-dimensional bedrock hydrostratigraphic model of southern Ontario. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/331098.

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A hydrostratigraphic framework has been developed for southern Ontario consisting of 15 hydrostratigraphic units and 3 regional hydrochemical regimes. Using this framework, the 54 layer 3-D lithostratigraphic model has been converted into a 15 layer 3-D hydrostratigraphic model. Layers are expressed as either aquifer or aquitard based principally on hydrogeologic characteristics, in particular the permeability and the occurrence/absence of groundwater when intersected by a water well or petroleum well. Hydrostratigraphic aquifer units are sub-divided into up to three distinct hydrochemical regimes: brines (deep), brackish-saline sulphur water (intermediate), and fresh (shallow). The hydrostratigraphic unit assignment provides a standard nomenclature and definition for regional flow modelling of potable water and deeper fluids. Included in the model are: 1) 3-D hydrostratigraphic units, 2) 3-D hydrochemical fluid zones within aquifers, 3) 3-D representations of oil and natural gas reservoirs which form an integral part of the intermediate to deep groundwater regimes, 4) 3-D fluid level surfaces for deep Cambrian brines, for brines and fresh to sulphurous groundwater in the Guelph Aquifer, and the fresh to sulphurous groundwater of the Bass Islands Aquifer and Lucas-Dundee Aquifer, 5) inferred shallow karst, 6) base of fresh water, 7) Lockport Group TDS, and 8) the 3-D lithostratigraphy. The 3-D hydrostratigraphic model is derived from the lithostratigraphic layers of the published 3-D geological model. It is constructed using Leapfrog Works at 400 m grid scale and is distributed in a proprietary format with free viewer software as well as industry standard formats.

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Jensen, E. J. An evaluation of aquifer intercommunication between the unconfined and Rattlesnake Ridge aquifers on the Hanford Site. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), ottobre 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/5892330.

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