Articoli di riviste: "Aquatic recreation"

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Grosse, MS, Susan J. "The role of the aquatic professional in the collaboration process". American Journal of Recreation Therapy 11, n. 3 (1 luglio 2012): 7–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.5055/ajrt.2012.0022.

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The professional in therapeutic recreation has the potential to interact with a variety of other persons who are involved in the life of an individual with a disability. If that individual participates in an aquatic program, one of the persons with whom a therapeutic recreation staff member interacts is the professional in aquatics. To make that interaction as productive as possible, this article will explore several aspects of the interaction between professionals in therapeutic recreation and professionals in aquatics. There are two aspects to the role of the aquatic professional and that professional’s interaction with therapeutic recreation staff participating in the collaboration process when working with individuals with disabilities. The aquatic professionals’ first job is to obtain information that can possibly impact the aquatic participation of the individual with a disability. If the aquatic program is part of a broader therapeutic recreation program, the primary source for that information may be the therapeutic recreation staff. Second and more often overlooked, there is information that the aquatic professional can provide to other individuals, professionals in therapeutic recreation, and caregivers alike, who also interact with the person with a disability. Because of the unique nature of staffing and participation in aquatics, participation in the collaborative process may be difficult. This article explores the specific details of the interactions of the aquatic professional in the collaboration process. Barriers to collaboration are discussed and possible solutions are presented.

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Kensinger, PhD, CTRS, Kari, Sabrina Bates, BS, Sarah Breuer, BS, Erin Johnson, BS, Kylie Rhode, BS e Deanne Webber, BS. "The benefits of aquatic therapy as determined by a Pairwise Thematic Content Analysis of the peer-reviewed journals in therapeutic recreation". American Journal of Recreation Therapy 16, n. 4 (5 marzo 2018): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.5055/ajrt.2017.0143.

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Aquatic therapy is an intervention commonly used by recreational therapists. This study used a pairwise content analysis of the American Journal of Recreation Therapy, the American Therapeutic Recreation Association's Annual in Therapeutic Recreation, and the Therapeutic Recreation Journal from 2003-2014 in order to determine the benefits of aquatic therapy. Many articles reviewed used a repeated measure analysis, or pre- and post-test evaluation to measure physiological benefits, leisure satisfaction, quality of life, self-efficacy, and pain. The three most common populations studied include: arthritis, autism spectrum disorder, and multiple sclerosis.

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Kerna, Ashley, Bonnie Colby e Francisco Zamora. "Cultural and Recreational Values for Environmental Flows in Mexico's Colorado River Delta". Water Economics and Policy 03, n. 02 (aprile 2017): 1650035. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2382624x16500351.

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Worldwide, aquatic ecosystems subsist on water leftover from agricultural, industrial, and municipal water uses. While bi-national agreements have temporarily provided water for the Colorado River Delta (Delta) in Mexico, dedication of water to support aquatic ecosystems is rare. High-level U.S. – Mexico negotiations are underway to consider whether and how to provide water for the Delta once the current pilot program ends in 2017. Better understanding of the value of aquatic ecosystems can be useful in securing water to sustain them. This paper reports research findings on values held by visitors from nearby Mexican communities for environmental flows in the Delta. Based on surveys conducted at five recreation locations, this contingent valuation methodology (CVM) study assesses visitors' willingness-to-pay (WTP) for an assured source of water to sustain the Delta's ecosystem and the recreational opportunities it provides. Results indicate strong support for Delta restoration, with the majority of respondents indicating positive WTP to ensure adequate amounts of water to sustain a healthy and vibrant Delta ecosystem. Econometric model results indicate a median WTP ranging from $97 to $168 MXN (approximately $7–$13 USD at the time of analysis) per car per entry. These values represent only a subset of recreational users, and recreation values are only one of many components of the ecosystem services provided by the Delta. While only a fraction of recreation value and total economic value, it is important to understand values held by local recreation visitors. These values gauge support for preserving aquatic ecosystems in nearby communities. Furthermore, values held in the local area affect water management and policy decisions regarding restoration of this unique aquatic ecosystem.

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Schafft, Malwina, Benjamin Wegner, Nora Meyer, Christian Wolter e Robert Arlinghaus. "Ecological impacts of water-based recreational activities on freshwater ecosystems: a global meta-analysis". Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 288, n. 1959 (22 settembre 2021): 20211623. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2021.1623.

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Human presence at water bodies can have a range of ecological impacts, creating trade-offs between recreation as an ecosystem service and conservation. Conservation policies could be improved by relying on robust knowledge about the relative ecological impacts of water-based recreation. We present the first global synthesis on recreation ecology in aquatic ecosystems, differentiating the ecological impacts of shore use, (shoreline) angling, swimming and boating. Impacts were assessed at three levels of biological organization (individuals, populations and communities) for several taxa. We screened over 13 000 articles and identified 94 suitable studies that met the inclusion criteria, providing 701 effect sizes. Impacts of boating and shore use resulted in consistently negative, significant ecological impacts across all levels of biological organization. The results were less consistent for angling and swimming. The strongest negative effects were observed in invertebrates and plants. Recreational impacts on birds were most pronounced at the individual level, but not significant at the community level. Due to publication bias and knowledge gaps, generalizations of the ecological impacts of aquatic recreation are challenging. Impacts depend less on the form of recreation. Thus, selectively constraining specific types of recreation may have little conservation value, as long as other forms of water-based recreation continue.

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Venohr, Markus, Simone D. Langhans, Oliver Peters, Franz Hölker, Robert Arlinghaus, Lewis Mitchell e Christian Wolter. "The underestimated dynamics and impacts of water-based recreational activities on freshwater ecosystems". Environmental Reviews 26, n. 2 (giugno 2018): 199–213. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/er-2017-0024.

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Recreational activities on, in, and along freshwaters (e.g., boating, bathing, angling) positively contribute to human well-being but can also concurrently stress aquatic ecosystems. While outdoor recreation, aquatic ecosystems, and human well-being form coupled social-ecological systems, inherent fluxes and interactions between these have rarely been properly quantified. This paper synthesizes information on links between water-based recreational activities, effects on freshwater ecosystems integrity and recreational quality, and proposes a novel framework for assessment and integrated management. This framework is based on understanding relationships between recreational quality, demand and use, and recreational use-induced impacts on ecosystem state and function, as well as ecological and social carrying capacities. Current management approaches of freshwater ecosystems addressing economic, environmental, or recreational aspects are poorly linked and harmonized, and are further constrained by inadequate information on the dynamics and densities of recreational uses. Novel assessment and monitoring methods are needed to capture the short-term peak dynamics of water-based recreational uses, and we argue social media could play an increasingly important role here. An integrative recreation ecology management concept combined with peak usage information has great potential to form the basis for next-generation management approaches of freshwater and other ecosystems.

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Bergstrom, John C., R. Jeff Teasley, H. Ken Cordell, Ray Souter e Donald B. K. English. "Effects of Reservoir Aquatic Plant Management on Recreational Expenditures and Regional Economic Activity". Journal of Agricultural and Applied Economics 28, n. 2 (dicembre 1996): 409–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1074070800007409.

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AbstractExotic aquatic plant management is a major concern for public reservoir management in many regions of the United States. A study was conducted to measure the effects of alternative aquatic plant management strategies on recreational expenditures and regional economic activity. The study area was Lake Guntersville, Alabama, and the local economy surrounding the lake. Lake Guntersville is one of the largest reservoirs in the Tennessee Valley Authority system. Results suggested that relatively moderate levels of aquatic plant control are associated with the highest levels of recreation-related economic effects on the economy surrounding Lake Guntersville.

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Butson, Michael, John Tower e Eric C. Schwarz. "Lifeguard turnover in aquatic and recreation centres: Perspectives from managers". Australian Journal of Career Development 30, n. 1 (24 marzo 2021): 33–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1038416220983489.

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Employee turnover is the loss of talent in the workforce. High employee turnover is expensive and disruptive. Young employees are more likely to leave one job for a better one and are often less attached to an organisation while they are completing their education. The aquatics industry has been described as being in a crisis, experiencing unprecedented levels of turnover amongst lifeguards. A first important step is to understand the reasons for turnover amongst lifeguards. This study utilised semi-structured interviews with aquatic and recreation centre managers (N = 16; 69% female) to explore their insights about lifeguard turnover. A deductive content analysis determined that lifeguards leave their current position for four main reasons: lifeguarding being a temporary position, a negative working environment, pursuing employment in a higher paying lifeguard position and location. Consequently, centre managers need to consider short and long-term strategies to retain lifeguards.

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Tuero del Prado, Concepción E. "La configuración de la recreación acuática en España: estudio de su evolución en el cambio de siglo (The configuration of aquatic recreation in Spain: a study of its development at the turn of the century)". Retos, n. 27 (5 marzo 2015): 166–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.47197/retos.v0i27.34371.

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Estudios publicados en nuestro país recogen que las actividades físico-deportivas figuran entre las más elegidas por los ciudadanos para ocupar el tiempo de ocio. Además, en los reconocidos y periódicos estudios sobre los hábitos físicos de los españoles del sociólogo García Ferrando aparece la denominada natación recreativa entre las primeras posiciones en las últimas décadas. Este dato es el punto de partida de este trabajo en el que se pretende analizar y reflexionar sobre qué prácticas físico-deportivas abarca este concepto. Utilizando distintas evidencias, el objetivo de este trabajo es indagar en la recreación acuática, su andadura en nuestro país desde sus orígenes, los factores que determinan su evidente evolución y las tendencias a las que se ha visto encauzada. Bien desde la influencia del movimiento Deporte para Todos hasta los efectos de la posmodernidad, o bien desde el juego como esencia hasta la perspectiva integral de bienestar, el deambular de la recreación en los equipamientos acuáticos en nuestro país se ha estado nutriendo de factores diversos desde sus inicios en la pasada década de los 80.Palabras clave. Recreación acuática, conceptualización, ocio, equipamientos acuáticos.Abstract. Studies published in Spain show that physical activities and sports are among the most frequently chosen activities by the public to spend their leisure time. In addition, in the well-known and periodic studies about the physical habits of the Spaniard conducted by the sociologist García Ferrando, recreational swimming has been appearing on the top positions during the last decades. This fact is the starting point of the present study, which aims to explore and reflect on the physical activities and sports involved in this concept. Different sources will be used to reach the purpose of the study, which wants to explore aquatic recreation: its evolution in Spain since its inception, the factors that have determined its considerable growth in popularity and the actual trends it presents. From the influence of the Sport for All movement to the effects of postmodernism, or from the essential meaning of play to the holistic view of well-being, since its conception in the 1980s, the evolution of recreation in aquatic facilities in Spain has been nourished by different factors.Key Words. Aquatic recreation, conceptualisation, leisure, aquatic facilities.

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Anderson, Austin Robert, Eric Knee e William Dominic Ramos. "“I’m Not an Expert, But…”: Perspectives on Aquatic Management for LGBTQ Participants". Recreational Sports Journal 44, n. 1 (3 marzo 2020): 24–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1558866120909449.

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The purpose of this study was to examine the initiatives that current aquatic managers in campus recreation are implementing to create environments that are inclusive to lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ) participation and to assess the barriers to such initiatives. The study utilized in-depth semistructured interviews with nine campus recreation aquatic managers to examine steps that are currently being taken when it comes to creating environments that are perceived to be open, or closed, to LGBTQ participants. A grounded theory–based process of data collection and analysis resulted in emergent themes. These themes included (a) “I am not an expert but…,” (b) reactive programming and management, (c) inclusion as a general practice, and (d) the importance of gender-inclusive practices. Management strategies and implications for campus recreation aquatic managers around these emergent themes are discussed regarding the creating of inclusive environments for LGBTQ participants.

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Hadwen, Wade L., Paul I. Boon e Angela H. Arthington. "Aquatic ecosystems in inland Australia: tourism and recreational significance, ecological impacts and imperatives for management". Marine and Freshwater Research 63, n. 4 (2012): 325. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf11198.

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The value of aquatic systems for biodiversity, agriculture, pastoralism and mining is widely recognised, whereas their significance for tourism and recreation is often poorly acknowledged. We surveyed protected-area managers, local governments and tour operators (river and general) to determine how aquatic systems were used in inland Australia for tourism and recreation and the perceived impacts of these uses. Inland waterbodies were reported by all respondent groups to be highly significant foci for visitors. Natural features were rated as more important to visitors than infrastructure by protected-area managers and river-tour operators, whereas all respondent groups identified water clarity, water quality and accessibility to water as important aspects of visitor appeal. Although >75% of respondents nominated visitors as being environmentally aware, visitors were reported to have a range of negative effects on the ecological condition of inland waterbodies, especially on water quality, and to also increase erosion and the loss of fringing vegetation. Managing the recreational use of inland waterbodies will become increasingly important as demand from all sectors intensifies and climate-change impacts become more severe. Management must take into account variations in perceptions by different stakeholder groups and the paradox of inappropriate visitor behaviour despite visitors’ apparent environmental awareness.

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Mikula, CTRS, CSCS, HFS, John, Paul Smith, CTRS, HFS, John Meuleman, MD e Charles E. Levy, MD. "Effects of a recreation therapy aquatics intervention: A case study on an older adult with uncontrolled orthostatic hypotension". American Journal of Recreation Therapy 9, n. 3 (1 luglio 2010): 13–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.5055/ajrt.2010.0019.

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Uncontrolled orthostatic hypotension (OH) is a devastating disorder that affects activity and participation in daily life. The authors report the benefits of a recreation therapy aquatics intervention on a 74-year-old man with longstanding OH refractory to both pharmacological treatment and conventional land-based physical rehabilitation. Through regular participation in aquatic therapy twice a week for 18 months, this individual progressed from being confined to bed to regaining the ability to ambulate short distances on land without the aid of an assistive device and to resume some of his premorbid leisure interests. The patient reports a significant improvement in his quality of life. Aquatic therapy should be considered for individuals with OH refractory to standard medical and rehabilitation interventions.

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Shyu, Guey-Shin, Wei-Ta Fang e Bai-You Cheng. "Recreation and Tourism Service Systems Featuring High Riverbanks in Taiwan". Water 12, n. 9 (4 settembre 2020): 2479. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w12092479.

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Taiwan’s cities exhibit high levels of urbanization, which has resulted in limited recreation space in urban areas. In response, government policies have been enacted to promote the large-scale greening of rivers in urban areas and the establishment of aquatic recreation areas that do not interfere with water flow areas, pavilions for recreation purposes, indoor stadiums, and biking lanes alongside riverbanks to provide citizens with recreation space. An expert team was convened to investigate 50 riverside recreation sites, and the Comfortable Water Environment Rest Assessment Form was devised. The investigation results revealed three factors that contribute to the value of riverside recreation sites; the three factors had a total explanatory power of 70.17%. The factors, namely exercising and leisure, overall design plan and entrance image, and environmental maintenance and service, had an explanatory power of 25.52%, 23.32%, and 21.32%, respectively. Finally, this study provides guidance for constructing service systems for riverside recreation sites by referencing practical cases. This study suggests that future designs focus on the characteristics of visitors as the main consideration when investing resources in recreation sites. In addition, more exercise and recreation equipment and facilities should be provided at recreation sites located within highly populated areas. For recreation sites that feature beautiful scenery, greater degrees of overall design planning and entrance image qualities can be integrated into the recreation sites, and environmental teaching materials can be incorporated into the environment. Furthermore, this study suggests that residents who live near recreation sites form and operate volunteer groups to contribute to environmental maintenance and the relevant services; this would greatly enhance the overall experience of comfort of visitors to the recreation sites. Finally, this study provides guidance for low-intensity construction in high riverbank areas.

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Lampartová, Ivana, Kateřina Blažková e Kristina Somerlíková. "Public Awareness of the Relation between Nature-friendly Watercourse Modifications and Recreation in Cities". Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis 64, n. 4 (2016): 1337–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.11118/actaun201664041337.

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The aim of the article is to present the results of a method of public preferences – a questionnaire survey finding an awareness of the relation between the modifications of watercourses and recreation in urban environment. The aquatic ecosystem and the water itself in a landscape are regarded by citizens as a mere source of energy, food, and water used for industry or as a means of transport. However, water elements along with the flora and fauna belonging to this living ecosystem provide a plethora of opportunities for a development of e.g. recreation, tourism, even an entire region. The questionnaire method used has been applied in selected cities in the Czech Republic, e.g. in Frýdek‑Místek, Olomouc, Vlašim, Benátky nad Jizerou and others. The criterion for selecting the cities has mostly been the construction of nature-friendly modifications to watercourse while seeking to increase the recreational potential of the area. The outcome of this article is to present the original results of the public survey which have subsequently served for a further processing of drafts and measures for recreational potential in the selected locations. The most important finding of this research was the minimum level of selected site citizens’ awareness of revitalization and flood modifications, projects that were realized on watercourses in the cities.

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Chen, H. J., e H. Chang. "Response of discharge, TSS, and E. coli to rainfall events in urban, suburban, and rural watersheds". Environ. Sci.: Processes Impacts 16, n. 10 (2014): 2313–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4em00327f.

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Understanding dominant processes influencing microorganism responses to storm events aids in the development of effective management controls on pathogen contamination in surface water so that they are suitable for water supply, recreation, and aquatic habitat.

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Schwoerer, Tobias, Joseph M. Little, Jennifer I. Schmidt e Kyle W. Borash. "Hitchhikers on floats to Arctic freshwater: Private aviation and recreation loss from aquatic invasion". Ambio 49, n. 8 (4 dicembre 2019): 1364–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13280-019-01295-7.

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AbstractThis study of aviation-related recreation loss shows that a survey primarily aimed at collecting information on invasive species’ pathways can also be used to estimate changes in pathway-related ecosystem services. We present a case study for Elodea spp. (elodea), Alaska’s first known aquatic invasive plant, by combining respondents’ stated pre-invasion actual flights with stated post-invasion contingent behavior, plane operating costs, and site quality data. We asked pilots about the extent of continued flights should destinations become invaded and inhibit flight safety. We estimate a recreation demand model where the lost trip value to the average floatplane pilot whose destination is an elodea-invaded lake is US$185 (95 % CI $157, $211). Estimates of ecosystem damages incurred by private actors responsible for transmitting invaders can nudge actors to change behavior and inform adaptive ecosystem management. The policy and modeling implications of quantifying such damages and integration into more complex models are discussed.

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Alvarez, Sergio, Frank Lupi, Daniel Solís e Michael Thomas. "Valuing Provision Scenarios of Coastal Ecosystem Services: The Case of Boat Ramp Closures Due to Harmful Algae Blooms in Florida". Water 11, n. 6 (14 giugno 2019): 1250. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w11061250.

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Ecosystem service flows may change or disappear temporarily or permanently as a result of environmental changes or ecological disturbances. In coastal areas, ecological disturbances caused by toxin-producing harmful algae blooms can impact flows of ecosystem services, particularly provisioning (e.g., seafood harvesting) and cultural services (e.g., recreation). This study uses a random utility model of recreational boating choices to simulate changes in the value of cultural ecosystem services provided by recreation in coastal ecosystems resulting from prolonged ecological disturbances caused by harmful algae blooms. The empirical application relies on observed trips to 35 alternative boat access ramps in Lee County, an important marine access destination in southwest Florida. Results indicate that reduced boating access from harmful algae blooms may have resulted in losses of $3 million for the 2018 blooms, which lasted from the end of June to the end of September.

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Wozencroft, PhD, CTRS, Angela J., Julie L. Pfeiffer, MS e Clare E. Milner, PhD, FACSM. "Understanding knee biomechanics during physical activity and the implications for individuals with knee osteoarthritis and total knee replacements". American Journal of Recreation Therapy 12, n. 4 (24 agosto 2017): 39. http://dx.doi.org/10.5055/ajrt.2013.0057.

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Evidence-based research on pain management techniques, exercise, and aquatic therapy programs provides guidance for recreation therapists working with patients with orthopedic impairments such as osteoarthritis (OA) and total knee replacements (TKRs). However, substantiated recommendations for specific physical activities to be used with this population are not available. This leaves recreation therapy (RT) practitioners with inadequate direction on the appropriate activities to prescribe to their patients. This research note is an abbreviation of a larger study (J.L.P. et al., unpublished data, 2014) and examines the knee joint kinematics and kinetics in healthy older adults during golf and bowling with comparisons made between those experienced during walking and stair ascent and descent. Understanding the knee biomechanics in a healthy population is an important first step in gathering scientific evidence needed to advance our field. Future research examining knee biomechanics related to various recreation activities will be instrumental in allowing RT specialists to develop practice guidelines for men and women with OA and TKR in the future.

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Huse, Oliver, Christina Zorbas, Alethea Jerebine, Ari Kurzeme, Miranda Blake, Megan Ferguson, Claire Palermo et al. "Recreation centre managers’ perceptions of pricing interventions to promote healthy eating". Health Promotion International 35, n. 4 (3 luglio 2019): 682–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/heapro/daz062.

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Abstract Retailers have the capacity to improve the food and beverage environment by making healthier options more affordable and attractive for their consumers. The perspectives of retailers on feasible and acceptable pricing strategies are not known. The aim of this study was to understand retailers’ perceptions of factors that are relevant to feasible and acceptable health-promoting food and beverage pricing interventions. A convenience sample of 11 aquatic and recreation centre managers in Victoria, Australia was recruited to participate in semi-structured interviews. We took a pragmatic approach with the aim of understanding retailers’ perceptions of factors that affect the feasibility and acceptability of pricing interventions within their facilities. Thematic analysis was used to synthesize and interpret retailers’ perceptions of pricing interventions. Key themes identified were: structural and organizational characteristics (the internal and external characteristics of aquatic and recreation centres), characteristics of feasible pricing changes (type, magnitude and products targeted by pricing strategies) and business outcomes (profits and customer feedback). Results suggest that pricing interventions to promote healthy food and beverage choices can be feasible and acceptable to retailers, though contextual considerations are likely to be important. Future studies should use these findings to design interventions most likely to be acceptable to retailers, work with retailers to implement health-promoting food and beverage pricing interventions, evaluate the impact on business outcomes including customer perspectives and profitability, and test transferability to other retail settings.

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Belonovskaya, E. A., V. V. Vinogradova, M. A. Ponomaryov, A. A. Tishkov e N. G. Tsarevskaya. "Evaluating the recreation potential of the national park “Valdayskiy” (Novgorodskaya Oblast, Russia)". Izvestiya Rossiiskoi akademii nauk. Seriya geograficheskaya, n. 4 (28 agosto 2019): 97–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s2587-55662019497-111.

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The National Park “Valdayskiy” (the Park) was established to preserve the unique lake-forest complex of the Valday upland and to create conditions for the development of organized recreation on this territory. Incomparable beautiful views of different landscapes attracthere thousands of tourists from various Russian regions.The greater number of them prefers lakeshores for camping,so special attention in the research was paid tothe studyofriparian and shallow water vegetation of lakesin zones with different recreation pressureto establish the patterns of vegetation digression.The materials of our observations are supplemented with data on the attendance of tourist sites collected by the Park staff.The region recreation capacities were studied on the base of bioclimatic indices (Bodman’s indices and subjective temperature).It was revealed that only for the period of 1 month (mid-July to mid-August), there is a massive influx of tourists and intensive use of recreation sites on the lakeshores.This leads to degradation of riparian forest and meadow vegetation; destruction of the protective (buffer) zone of aquatic vegetation, erosion of the banks near camps, pollution of shallow water by sewage and garbage. Thus, irregular recreation pressure on water bodies leads to local degradation of natural complexes and eventually to lowering the aesthetic value of riparian landscapes. But such factors as humid (moderate) continental climate with a prolonged cold winter and high relative air humidity throughout the year reduce the period of a strong recreation pressure, and the complicated accessibility of many lakeshores reduce the negative impact of recreation and delay the destruction of natural vegetation. Evaluation of the bioclimatic indices allows Valday to be attributed to regions with a lack of thermal resources, it is preferable to develop here dynamic types of recreation activities practically all over the year. For soft recreation activity the Valday upland are available with limitation from 7 to 8 months in a year and without limitation nearly 1 month in a year. For nature conservation in the Park it is necessary to organize monitoring of lakeshore’s complexes, control of recreation use, determine pressure of tourist traffic, normalizing and differentiating this pressure by the types of possible use and conservation regime.

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Bagde, U. S., e A. K. Rangari. "Periodicity of Coliform Bacteria in an Aquatic Environment". Water Science and Technology 40, n. 7 (1 ottobre 1999): 151–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1999.0350.

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The present study deals with enumeration and seasonal distribution of total and faecal coliform bacteria, the indicators of microorganisms causing faecal pollution of the aquatic ecosystem by a multiple tube technique. A lake called Upvan lake of Thane city, India was investigated during 1996-97 for the purpose. Bacterial population varied with seasonal variations in the water body. Bacterial counts increased during summer months and lowered during winter months. Highest coliform counts were reported in monsoon and lowest in winter season. Samples collected from different sites of the lake showed wide variations in the counts of bacteria. Positive correlation was established between faecal and total coliform. Bacteriological analysis of lake water indicated that water was polluted by faecal contaminants to the extent that it was unportable for drinking purposes and unsuitable from the recreation point of view and hence needed thorough impoundment.

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Gitter, Anna, Kristina Mena, Kevin Wagner, Diane Boellstorff, Kyna Borel, Lucas Gregory, Terry Gentry e Raghupathy Karthikeyan. "Human Health Risks Associated with Recreational Waters: Preliminary Approach of Integrating Quantitative Microbial Risk Assessment with Microbial Source Tracking". Water 12, n. 2 (23 gennaio 2020): 327. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w12020327.

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Gastrointestinal (GI) illness risks associated with exposure to waters impacted by human and nonhuman fecal sources were estimated using quantitative microbial risk assessment (QMRA). Microbial source tracking (MST) results had identified Escherichia coli (E. coli) contributors to the waterbody as human and unidentified (10%), cattle and domestic animals (25%), and wildlife (65%) in a rural watershed. The illness risks associated with ingestion during recreation were calculated by assigning reference pathogens for each contributing source and using pathogen dose–response relationships. The risk of GI illness was calculated for a specific sampling site with a geometric mean of E. coli of 163 colony forming units (cfu) 100 mL−1, and the recreational standard of E. coli, 126 cfu 100 mL−1. While the most frequent sources of fecal indicator bacteria at the sampling site were nonhuman, the risk of illness from norovirus, the reference pathogen representing human waste, contributed the greatest risk to human health. This study serves as a preliminary review regarding the potential for incorporating results from library-dependent MST to inform a QMRA for recreational waters. The simulations indicated that identifying the sources contributing to the bacterial impairment is critical to estimate the human health risk associated with recreation in a waterbody.

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Bennett, Daniel L., Timothy J. Bister e Richard A. Ott. "Using Recreation‐Grade Side‐Scan Sonar to Produce Classified Maps of Submerged Aquatic Vegetation". North American Journal of Fisheries Management 40, n. 1 (febbraio 2020): 145–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nafm.10386.

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Boelsen-Robinson, Tara, Liliana Orellana, Kathryn Backholer, Ariana Kurzeme, Alethea Jerebine, Beth Gilham, Alexandra Chung e Anna Peeters. "Change in drink purchases in 16 Australian recreation centres following a sugar-sweetened beverage reduction initiative: an observational study". BMJ Open 10, n. 3 (marzo 2020): e029492. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2019-029492.

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ObjectiveTo assess the impact of a sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) reduction initiative on customer purchasing patterns, including volume sales of healthy and unhealthy packaged drinks and sales value of all packaged drinks, in a major Australian aquatic and recreation provider, YMCA Victoria.DesignProspectiveSetting16 aquatic and recreation centres in Victoria, Australia.InterventionsThe SSB-reduction initiative aimed to remove all SSBs (excluding sports drinks) and increase healthier drink availability over a 1-year period.Primary and secondary outcome measuresItemised monthly drink sales data were collected for 16 centres, over 4 years (2 years preimplementation, 1 year implementation and 1 year postimplementation). Drinks were classified as ‘green’ (best choice), ‘amber’ (choose carefully) or ‘red’ (limit). Interrupted time series analysis was conducted for each centre to determine the impact on volume sales of ‘red’ and ‘green’ drinks, and overall sales value. A novel meta-analysis approach was conducted to estimate the mean changes across centres.ResultsFollowing implementation, volume sales of ‘red’ drinks reduced by 46.2% across centres (95% CI: −53.2% to −39.2%), ‘green’ drink volume did not change (0.0%, 95% CI: −13.3% to 13.2%) and total drink sales value decreased by 24.3% (95% CI: −32.0% to −16.6%).ConclusionsThe reduction of SSBs in health-promoting settings such as recreation centres is a feasible, effective public health policy that is likely to be transferable to other high-income countries with similarly unhealthy beverage offerings. However, complementary strategies should be considered to encourage customers to switch to healthier alternatives, particularly when translating policies to organisations with less flexible income streams.

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Saunders, PhD, Mark V., Jennifer A. Piatt, PhD, CTRS, William D. Ramos, PhD, Carol Kennedy-Armbruster, PhD e Bryan P. McCormick, PhD, CTRS. "Addressing osteoarthritis pain among older adult women through aquatic therapy: A new look at shallow-water movement". American Journal of Recreation Therapy 17, n. 4 (1 ottobre 2018): 37–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.5055/ajrt.2018.0173.

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This study evaluated a shallow-water intervention to reduce pain among women age 61 to 81 with knee and/or hip osteoarthritis. The study used a randomized-replicated single-case two-condition crossover design to determine which condition was more effective at relieving pain. One condition was functional movements without the use of a stationary pole; the other condition, identical movements with the pole. Data were collected through repeated pain measures, pre-test-post-test measures, and retrospective pre-test post-test measures. Pain data analysis with Microsoft Excel® ExPRT 2.0 AB program generated pre- and post-crossover charts. Visual analysis findings were substantiated with sensitivity analyses of retrospective pre-test and post-test data, showing no significance between the two conditions (p ≤ 0.05). Results indicated use of a pole might not be more effective than the movement program itself. For the individual and recreation therapist, this finding might translate to cost effective recreation therapy interventions addressing clinical outcomes as a result from engagement with an aquatic RT movement program.

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Wu, Qianyan, Xiang Bi, Kelly Grogan e Tatiana Borisova. "Valuing the Recreation Benefits of Natural Springs in Florida". Water 10, n. 10 (2 ottobre 2018): 1379. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w10101379.

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Karst springs are scenic natural resources in karst areas of Florida, currently under threat from increasing groundwater withdrawal from the Floridan Aquifer and pollution resulting from a variety of sources. This paper estimates the current recreation benefits from visiting springs using the travel cost method and elicits residents’ willingness to contribute for springs restoration using the contingent valuation method. It further compares the performance of count data models correcting for endogenous stratification and truncation, and finds that the annual consumer surplus per person per trip is between $20 and $43, and the annual total recreational value for the four springs studied is about $25 million. Furthermore, visitors are willing to contribute $12 to $14 per person per trip for springs restoration without reducing trip demand.

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Glenney, Gavin W., James T. Julian e William M. Quartz. "Preliminary Amphibian Health Survey in the Delaware Water Gap National Recreation Area". Journal of Aquatic Animal Health 22, n. 2 (giugno 2010): 102–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1577/h09-037.1.

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Nam, Le Hoai, e Pham Anh Duc. "Mapping of Aquatic Invasive Animals in Ca Mau Province". GeoScience Engineering 64, n. 2 (1 giugno 2018): 22–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/gse-2018-0009.

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Abstract This study aims to enhance the discussion about the usefulness of invasive animals for biodiversity assessment in Mekong Delta provinces. Data were used for the area of 5.331 km2 in Ca Mau Province [1]. The data covered the period 2017 – 2018. To implement this evaluation, the analyses were based on the scientific documents “Introduction to Invasive Species in Vietnam” of Vietnam Agency of Biodiversity Conservation and “The Aquatic Invasive Species Assessment and Management Plan” Massachusetts Department of Conservation and Recreation, and the working experiences of research group for the invasive species assessment [2, 3]. The results found two invasive animal species such as apple snail – Pomacea canaliculata (Lamarck, 1819) and Amazon sailfin catfish – Pterygoplichthys pardalis (Castelnau, 1855) [2]. These species mapped in the map of Ca Mau Province. The problem of invasive species has become an important issue of concern for the local government and community. However, if appropriate targets for ecosystem management planning is suggested, these “invaders” can be prevented the spread of invasive species.

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Huse, Oliver, Christina Zorbas, Alethea Jerebine, Ari Kurzeme, Miranda Blake, Megan Ferguson, Claire Palermo et al. "Pricing Interventions to Promote Healthy Eating: Perceptions of Managers of Victorian Aquatic and Recreation Centres". Obesity Research & Clinical Practice 13, n. 3 (maggio 2019): 318. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.orcp.2018.11.226.

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Boelsen‐Robinson, Tara, Alexandra Chung, Marianne Khalil, Evelyn Wong, Ariana Kurzeme e Anna Peeters. "Examining the nutritional quality of food and beverage consumed at Melbourne aquatic and recreation centres". Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health 41, n. 2 (22 gennaio 2017): 184–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1753-6405.12632.

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Sender, Joanna, e Weronika Maślanko. "Diversity of Aquatic Ecosystems in Urban Areas - Public Expectations". Transylvanian Review of Systematical and Ecological Research 16, n. 1 (1 maggio 2015): 125–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/trser-2015-0007.

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Abstract In urban ecosystems, typically created by humans, it is very difficult to balance the needs of all its inhabitants. Significance of nature in the cities has been perceived since the ancient times. In the city there are many problems associated with the lack or sometimes excess of water, as well as poor quality. In times of water resources decline and their progressive degradation, each aquatic ecosystem should be investigated because of its values. Among the aquatic ecosystems occurring in the cities, there are: river valleys, natural lakes, water reservoirs, as well as small bodies of water. The aim of this study is to raise public awareness about the role of aquatic ecosystems in cities with different sizes and with a varying number of inhabitants. All respondents in each type of city felt the need of water presence in their surroundings and treated it as a necessary part of the proper functioning, as well as a place for rest and recreation. However, lack of management and a poor ecological status of them were noticed

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Shaw, Daniel W. H., Zachary P. Hymanson e Tamara L. Sasaki. "Physical Control of Nonindigenous Aquatic Plants in Emerald Bay, Lake Tahoe, CA". Invasive Plant Science and Management 9, n. 2 (giugno 2016): 138–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1614/ipsm-d-16-00005.1.

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Establishment of nonindigenous (NI) aquatic plants in the nearshore regions of freshwater ecosystems has resulted in environmental degradation, recreation concerns, economic impacts, and substantial management challenges. To reduce these undesirable effects, NI aquatic plants are often targeted for removal or control by management agencies, but the efficacy of implementation is often not documented or sustained. In this study, we developed a management plan to completely remove all NI plants from Emerald Bay, Lake Tahoe, CA, using only physical control techniques. Management plan priorities were based on previous research and lessons learned, including the need for (1) integrated weed management using multiple physical control techniques, (2) a large initial treatment investment, (3) ongoing early detection and rapid response, (4) detailed ecological monitoring, and (5) a long-term commitment to annual maintenance removal. Application of this management plan resulted in complete removal of all NI aquatic plants from Emerald Bay and substantial cost savings each year after the initial large investment. Annual maintenance removal and monitoring will need to continue as long as NI aquatic plants continue to enter Emerald Bay on boats and currents from other areas of Lake Tahoe.

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Bogan, Michael T., Jason L. Hwan e Stephanie M. Carlson. "High Aquatic Biodiversity in an Intermittent Coastal Headwater Stream at Golden Gate National Recreation Area, California". Northwest Science 89, n. 2 (maggio 2015): 188–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.3955/046.089.0211.

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Almendarez-Hernández, Luis C., Marian Rodríguez-Fuentes, Francisco J. Vergara-Solana e Marco A. Almendarez-Hernández. "Economic valuation of sportfishing in the surroundings of Cerralvo Island, Baja California Sur, Mexico using the travel cost method". Latin American Journal of Aquatic Research 48, n. 3 (6 luglio 2020): 370–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.3856/vol48-issue3-fulltext-2379.

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Los Cabos, Baja California Sur, Mexico, is a reference for sportfishing (SF). In this vein, a significant number of artisanal fishers from the communities surrounding Cerralvo Island-located 215 km from Los Cabos-have opted to offer SF as a tourist service in recent years. The SF has generated unevaluated economic activity in the area. Thus, stakeholders need to know this value to improve their management decision making. Therefore, this research aimed to make a valuation of the recreation service and factors that influence the demand of SF in Cerralvo Island and surrounding areas using the indirect travel cost method (TCM). For this purpose, 275 surveys were performed at the boat ramps in nearby towns. The estimated consumer surplus (EC) was USD 1,886 per visitor. Approximately 28,864 annual recreational sportfishing trips were recorded, so the total annual surplus was USD 54,437,504. The EC outperformed other national sites and was ≈140% higher than the highest valuation made for Los Cabos, which presumably derived from the differences in costs (v. gr., fishing charter, lodging). These values suggest the opportunity for the development of this activity in the study area.

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Lee, Chun-Hung, Yun-Ju Chen, Yu-Sheng Huang e Chu-Wei Chen. "Incorporating Integrative Perspectives into Impact Reduction Management in a Reef Recreation Area". Water 12, n. 1 (29 dicembre 2019): 111. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w12010111.

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The act of balancing two sustainability goals, the conservation of ecosystem services, and allowing access to reef recreational areas is a big challenge for the management of marine protected areas (MPAs). This study evaluates tourist preferences towards integrative aspects of an impact reduction program in a reef recreation area. We find that by integrating the marine police institution, providing educational training, setting up control of the number of divers, setting up control of the experience area, and taking boats to the snorkeling point are the key factors. We also identify the features that affect the heterogeneity of preferences with impact reduction management in the MPAs as follows: (1) monthly income; (2) type of tourist; and (3) joining conservation groups, and the integrated program generate the highest welfare value. These results can be applied to create a suitable management strategy for sustainable reef tourism that meets the needs of stakeholders.

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Rebolo-Ifrán, Natalia, Maricel Graña Grilli e Sergio A. Lambertucci. "Drones as a Threat to Wildlife: YouTube Complements Science in Providing Evidence about Their Effect". Environmental Conservation 46, n. 03 (14 giugno 2019): 205–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0376892919000080.

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SummaryAlthough drones are becoming very common in the skies, most concerns about their use are not focused on their possible impact on wildlife. We used the information available from the scientific literature on the effects of drones on wildlife and complement it with Internet (YouTube) information to evaluate whether recreational activities using drones produce behavioural responses from wildlife. Scientific papers specifically evaluating the effects of drones on wildlife are scarce but increasing. Nonetheless, we found abundant videos in which many species from different taxonomic groups and multiple countries presented behavioural responses to drone overflights. Furthermore, 26% of the species that were disturbed are included in one of the International Union for Conservation of Nature categories of threat. We found that wildlife that use aerial and terrestrial habitats are more likely to show a behavioural response than those occupying aquatic habitats. The Internet is becoming a source of evidence of disturbances to wildlife that should be considered, particularly for recreational activities. We advocate for the use of technology, but argue that funding and effort should be devoted to evaluating drone impacts on wildlife. We call for educational programmes for laypeople who use drones for recreation and for more research and regulations on their use in sensitive wildlife areas.

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Gu, Yangyang, Xuning Qiao, Mengjia Xu, Changxin Zou, Dong Liu, Dan Wu e Yan Wang. "Assessing the Impacts of Urban Expansion on Bundles of Ecosystem Services by Dmsp-Ols Nighttime Light Data". Sustainability 11, n. 21 (23 ottobre 2019): 5888. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11215888.

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Urban expansion poses severe threats to ecosystems. It is therefore important we better understand the impact of different urban expansion level on ecosystems for developing regionally differentiated ecological protection policies. Here, we proposed a conceptual framework to describe the impacts of urbanization on bundles of ecosystem services. Referred to as the concept of land use degree by nighttime light data, we put forward and verified an urban expansion level model. According to this model, study area was divided into a slow increase zone, increase zone, and rapid increase zone. Then, taking Taihu Lake Basin in China as a case, we used Zonal-statistics and Pearson correlation coefficients to reveal the impact in different zones of urban expansion level on multiple ecosystem services: crop production, freshwater supply, aquatic production, net primary productivity, soil conservation, water retention, flood regulation, and forest recreation index. Our results revealed that urban expansion levels significantly impacted all ecosystem services. In either increase zone or rapid increase zone, we found lowered values of crop production, net primary productivity, soil conservation, water retention, and flood regulation, while both aquatic production and forest recreation index increased in all zones from 1990 to 2010. Across the levels of urbanization, urban expansion level was always negatively correlated with provisioning services. This result suggests local governors should improve crop production per unit area and increase the cultivated land area to guarantee food security. In addition, urban expansion level had positive correlations with the trade-offs between flood regulation and forest recreation index, and those among crop production, freshwater supply, and net primary productivity. Therefore, policy-makers should effectively maintain the land use balance among ecological protection, agriculture development, and urban expansion to better coordinate relationships between development and protection. In acquiring quantitative knowledge of how urban expansion level drives ecosystem changes, our findings may help guide future sustainable urban planning with respect to ecosystem services, urban development, and human welfare benefits.

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Rajagopalan, Priyadarsini. "Energy performance of aquatic facilities in Victoria, Australia". Facilities 32, n. 9/10 (1 luglio 2014): 565–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/f-02-2013-0015.

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Purpose – This paper investigates the energy performance of aquatic centres in Victoria. Design/methodology/approach – Physical and occupancy characteristics and energy consumption from various centres were analysed to understand the interrelationship between numerous factors that contribute to the energy consumption of these facilities. Findings – The energy usage intensity of the facilities ranged from 632 to 2,247 kWh/m2 or 8 to 17 kWh/visit. Primary and secondary indicators were examined to find the key performance indicators. Research limitations/implications – This study sheds some light into the overall energy performance of aquatic centres in the temperate climate of Australia. More samples need to be collected to perform rigorous statistical analysis leading to a reliable benchmark model. System-wise investigation of energy consumption is required to determine where the energy is being used and the saving potentials of each system. Practical implications – This study has arisen from the need of managers of large aquatic and recreation facilities to benchmark the energy consumption of their own facilities. This study will fill the gap that currently exists in the area of energy rating systems for aquatic centres. Social implications – The results of this study showed that aquatic centres consume around seven times more energy than a commercial office building. Thus, if the energy consumption of aquatic centres could be reduced by as little as only 10 per cent, at least 3.5 million tonnes of carbon dioxide emission can be reduced. Originality/value – Environmental design standards for aquatic centres have generally been overlooked due to the complex nature of these buildings. As a result, this sector suffers from a general lack of both qualitative and quantitative information and benchmarking.

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Boyer, Tracy A., Richard T. Melstrom e Larry D. Sanders. "Effects of climate variation and water levels on reservoir recreation". Lake and Reservoir Management 33, n. 3 (1 marzo 2017): 223–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10402381.2017.1285375.

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Spalding, Mark, e Cara L. Parrett. "Global patterns in mangrove recreation and tourism". Marine Policy 110 (dicembre 2019): 103540. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marpol.2019.103540.

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Ilchyshyn, Y. "Environmental threats of build mini-plant cascade in the river Cheremosh". Visnyk of the Lviv University. Series Geography, n. 45 (20 maggio 2014): 403–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/vgg.2014.45.1201.

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The article coverage the development issues Carpathian cascade mini-hydro-plants for example basin Cheremosh. It was the influence of existing hydro power plants in natural (water) environment and proved inappropriate, unprofitable and environmental threat. Available mini water plants violate hydrologic regime (water content of the river) and stimulates the development of erosion-accumulative processes, endangered species and benthic organisms integral component of aquatic ecosystems. Operation of small hydropower plants also contributes to shallowing of rivers and creation of artificial barriers for migration and gene pool exchange between populations of aquatic animals. The construction of mini hydro cascade prevents alloys of the river (rafting). In addition there is a threat of ecological security of the region and the development tourism and recreation, social and economic potential of the basin, the Cheremosh. Key words: mini-hydro, river Cheremosh, water quality, environmental hazards, hydrology, hydroecology.

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Underwood, AJ, e SJ Kennelly. "Pilot studies for designs of surveys of human disturbance of intertidal habitats in NSW". Marine and Freshwater Research 41, n. 1 (1990): 165. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf9900165.

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Data are presented from pilot studies as the first step in the design of large-scale surveys of the effects of human recreational activities on intertidal habitats in New South Wales. People visiting the seashore were counted and interviewed. Numbers of organisms removed for food or bait were determined, as were the numbers of fishermen and scavengers frequenting the shore. Data from pilot studies using these methods assessed the various effects of human recreation during school terms or holidays, on week-days or week-ends and on sunny or overcast days. Pilot sampling at different locations provided estimates of the variability from place to place within 30 km. Sampling was in a fully orthogonal design which allowed tests of various factors and their interactions. More people affected the shore during school holidays than during term-time, but there were no differences between week-ends and week-days. There were significant effects due to weather, with more potential impact occurring on sunny than on overcast days. There were also substantial differences in effects at different places. Other potential sources of variation which should be considered in designing surveys of the effects of human recreation are briefly considered. These include variability due to time of day, the state of the tide, prevailing weather and various spatial and temporal scales. Such pilot sampling enables the efficient design of the large-scale, long-term surveys that are a necessary prerequisite to determining the magnitude and effects of human disturbances and their eventual management.

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McGreevy, Paul D., Anne Fawcett, Jane Johnson, Rafael Freire, Teresa Collins, Chris Degeling, Andrew D. Fisher et al. "Review of the Online One Welfare Portal: Shared Curriculum Resources for Veterinary Undergraduate Learning and Teaching in Animal Welfare and Ethics". Animals 10, n. 8 (3 agosto 2020): 1341. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani10081341.

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This article introduces the online One Welfare learning and teaching portal (OWP) and describes its development, use, importance and relevance to animal welfare and ethics (AWE) stakeholders. As animal welfare issues increase in importance, veterinarians must be trained to lead the science that underpins AWE discourses. The OWP is a collection of resources designed to engage and challenge veterinary science students as they become advocates for animals. It was developed collaboratively by all eight veterinary schools in Australia and New Zealand, and funded by the Australian Government Office for Learning and Teaching. Surveys to investigate the attitudes of students and educators to AWE issues in six context-specific themes based on the Australian Animal Welfare Strategy (AAWS) (companion animals; animals used in research and teaching; livestock/production animals; animals used for sport, recreation or display; animals in the wild and aquatic animals) were administered through all participating schools. Students assigned more importance to Day One competence in knowledge of welfare concepts than did educators for the following groups: production animals, companion animals, animals in the wild, aquatic animals, animals used in research and teaching, and animals used for sport, recreation or display (all p < 0.01). Agreement between educators and students was closer regarding the importance of Day One competence for euthanasia for all six context-specific themes (p < 0.01–0.03). Students assigned more importance than educators to social, economic and cultural drivers of welfare outcomes in production animals (p < 0.01); slaughter and preslaughter inspections in production animals (p < 0.01); animal abuse and hoarding in companion animals (p < 0.01); shelter medicine in companion animals (p < 0.01); disaster preparedness in wildlife animals (p < 0.01); pain and distress caused by fishing in aquatic animals (p < 0.01); conscientious objection related to animals held for research and teaching (p < 0.01); behaviour, selection and training of animals used for sport, recreation and display (p = 0.046) and educating the public around sporting animal welfare (p < 0.01). Agreement between educators and students was closer for strategies to address painful husbandryprocedures in production animals (p = 0.03); behaviour and training of companion animals (p = 0.03); veterinarians’ duties to wild animals in wildlife (p = 0.02); the 3Rs in animals held for research and teaching (p = 0.03) and ownership responsibility in sporting animals (p = 0.01). This report discusses the reasons for differences among students and educators as they approach these issues. The portal is expected to gather more content as veterinary schools in other countries use its resources and users submit scenarios and discussion topics that reflect local needs.

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Hsu, Minna, Jin-Hua Cheng e Wen-Jou Chen. "A NEW SPECIES OF ALPINE FRESHWATER CRAB (BRACHYURA, POTAMIDAE) FROM SIANGYANG NATIONAL FOREST RECREATION AREA, TAIWAN". Crustaceana 80, n. 8 (2007): 897–907. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156854007781681292.

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Riungu, Geoffrey Koome, Jeffrey C. Hallo, Kenneth F. Backman, Matthew Brownlee, J. Adam Beeco e Lincoln R. Larson. "Water-based recreation management: a normative approach to reviewing boating thresholds". Lake and Reservoir Management 36, n. 2 (18 febbraio 2020): 139–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10402381.2019.1711469.

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Nielsen, Marisa Chattman, e Sunny C. Jiang. "Can cyanotoxins penetrate human skin during water recreation to cause negative health effects?" Harmful Algae 98 (settembre 2020): 101872. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.hal.2020.101872.

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Haddad Junior, Vidal, e Ivan Sazima. "Piranha attacks in dammed streams used for human recreation in the State of São Paulo, Brazil". Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical 43, n. 5 (ottobre 2010): 596–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0037-86822010000500027.

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In recent years, attacks by piranhas have become a common problem in dammed portions of rivers and streams in the State of Sao Paulo, Southeastern Brazil. In two outbreaks recorded in two neighboring counties in the Northwest region of the state, 74 bathers were bitten. Only one bite per person was recorded during a short period of the year. The bites were related to parental care and/or defense of spawning territory, which confirms previous studies and demystify the attacks by these legendary fish, as they are perceived by most people. Placement of fine mesh nets and removal of aquatic vegetation stopped the attacks.

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Ritter, Fabian. "The Encyclopedia of Tourism and Recreation in Marine Environments". Aquatic Mammals 36, n. 2 (1 giugno 2010): 213. http://dx.doi.org/10.1578/am.36.2.2010.213.

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Howat, Gary, e Guy Assaker. "Outcome quality in participant sport and recreation service quality models: Empirical results from public aquatic centres in Australia". Sport Management Review 19, n. 5 (novembre 2016): 520–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.smr.2016.04.002.

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Yachnyk, Maksym, Olena Zendyk, Iurii Iachniuk e Iryna Iachniuk. "Carrying out specialties of aqua aerobics lessons and its varieties". Scientific Journal of National Pedagogical Dragomanov University Series 15 Scientific and pedagogical problems of physical culture (physical culture and sports), n. 1(129) (27 gennaio 2021): 131–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.31392/npu-nc.series15.2021.1(129).28.

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The modern problems solution, impairment population’s health, through involvement of its wide miles in active leisure and improvement is closely connected both with development of improving recreation. This is due to the expansion of the content of health and recreational activities, rethinking the role of its individual types and areas of health fitness programs. The article considers the increasing role of aquatic types of physical culture and sports and the role of aqua aerobics, as one of the types of recreational and health technologies, and their impact on the female body. Aqua aerobics it is a complex of physical exercises in water with elements of swimming, gymnastics, stretching and strength exercises. Aqua aerobics has a healing effect on the whole body. It promotes good posture, removes tension in osteochondrosis, has a positive effect on the cardiovascular system, normalizes blood pressure, strengthens the skeleton total muscles, increases the body's defenses, removes stress, nervous excitability, improves psycho-emotional state, burns calories well which leads to weight loss. Aqua aerobics improves strength, endurance, flexibility and agility, as well as improve the functional state of the body. Water training gives a feeling of lightness and muscle relaxation. Water is a wonderful natural masseur. Exercises in water improve the condition of the skin and blood circulation. It is recommended to do different types of aqua fitness in swimming pools under the guidance of a trainer-instructor. Only in this case, exercise will be most beneficial to health.

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Tang, Beddu, e Asmidar Asmidar. "FITNESS AND CARRYING CAPACITY OF RECREATION CATEGORY TOURISM BEACH IN TETE BEACH, VILLAGE BONEPUTE, BONE REGENCY". Journal of Aquatropica Asia 5, n. 1 (3 luglio 2020): 26–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.33019/aquatropica.v5i1.1832.

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This study aims to determine the suitability and carrying capacity of the Tete Beach tourism area in Bonepute Village, Tonra District, Bone Regency, as a recreational beach category tourism. The study was conducted in October 2019 to March 2020. The method used was a survey method with primary and secondary data collection through observation techniques. Primary data include data on the aquatic environment, the physical environment of the coast, the area of the area used for beach tourism activities, and the time used by tourists in the coastal zone. Data analysis uses the tourism suitability index and the carrying capacity of the coastal area. The suitability value of Tete beach tourism based on the analysis results obtained on average is 95% (very appropriate / S1). The carrying capacity of the area obtained is 300 people/day for recreational tourism activities, and 450 people/day for beach sports activities. Based on this value, the Tete coastal area has a large capacity for recreational activities and beach sports.

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