Bibliografie tematiche / Aquaculture impacts

Letteratura scientifica selezionata sul tema "Aquaculture impacts"

Autore: Grafiati

Pubblicato: 25 maggio 2024

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Articoli di riviste sul tema "Aquaculture impacts":

Spencer, B. E. "Environmental impacts of aquaculture". Aquaculture 203, n. 3-4 (gennaio 2002): 397–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0044-8486(01)00633-0.

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Martinez-Porchas, Marcel, e Luis R. Martinez-Cordova. "World Aquaculture: Environmental Impacts and Troubleshooting Alternatives". Scientific World Journal 2012 (2012): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1100/2012/389623.

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Aquaculture has been considered as an option to cope with the world food demand. However, criticisms have arisen around aquaculture, most of them related to the destruction of ecosystems such as mangrove forest to construct aquaculture farms, as well as the environmental impacts of the effluents on the receiving ecosystems. The inherent benefits of aquaculture such as massive food production and economical profits have led the scientific community to seek for diverse strategies to minimize the negative impacts, rather than just prohibiting the activity. Aquaculture is a possible panacea, but at present is also responsible for diverse problems related with the environmental health; however the new strategies proposed during the last decade have proven that it is possible to achieve a sustainable aquaculture, but such strategies should be supported and proclaimed by the different federal environmental agencies from all countries. Additionally there is an urgent need to improve legislation and regulation for aquaculture. Only under such scenario, aquaculture will be a sustainable practice.

Sherry, Jesse, e Jennifer Koester. "Life Cycle Assessment of Aquaculture Stewardship Council Certified Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar)". Sustainability 12, n. 15 (29 luglio 2020): 6079. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12156079.

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Salmon aquaculture has grown rapidly and is expected to continue to grow to meet consumer demand. Due to concerns about the environmental impacts associated with salmon aquaculture, eco-labeling groups have developed standards intended to hold salmon producers accountable and provide a more sustainable option to consumers. This study utilized life cycle assessment (LCA) to quantify the environmental impacts of salmon raised to Aquaculture Stewardship Council (ASC) certification standards in order to determine if ASC certification achieves the intended reductions in impact. We find that environmental impacts, such as global warming potential, do not decrease with certification. We also find that salmon feed, in contrast to the on-site aquaculture practices, dominates the environmental impacts of salmon aquaculture and contributes to over 80% of impacts in ozone depletion, global warming potential, acidification, and ecotoxicity. Based on these findings, we recommend that eco-labeling groups prioritize reducing the environmental impacts of the feed supply chain.

Osmaleli, Osmaleli. "Economic Impact of the Eel. Eel (Anguilla Bicolor) Aquaculture on Local Communities in Banyuwangi Regency". Jurnal Pengelolaan Sumberdaya Alam dan Lingkungan (Journal of Natural Resources and Environmental Management) 13, n. 1 (10 marzo 2023): 114–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.29244/jpsl.13.1.114-121.

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Aquaculture in Indonesia has several superior commodities, one of which is eel. Eel (Anguilla bicolor) is a fish with high economic value and a type of fish that is an export commodity (Japan, Hong Kong, Germany, Italy, and several other countries). This condition is inversely proportional to the level of domestic eel consumption which is still relatively low. Aquaculture activities provide direct and indirect impacts on the local society, one of them is the economic impact of the existence of giant mottled eel aquaculture in the Banyuwangi District. The research aimed to analyze the economic impact of giant mottled eel aquaculture activities. The Survey research method was used and data were analyzed using descriptive and multiplier effect analysis. The research result of the economic impacts of giant mottled eel aquaculture that provides a positive economic impact on local society is indicated by the development of giant mottled eel aquaculture activities and the other sectors. Keynesian Local Income Multiplier value was 2.65. Type I Multiplier Income Ratio was 1.16 and Type II Multiplier Income Ratio was 1.6.

Slater, Matthew J. "Societal and Economic Impacts of Aquaculture". Journal of the World Aquaculture Society 48, n. 4 (19 giugno 2017): 539–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jwas.12445.

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Tiutiunnyk, Hanna. "AQUACULTURE INNOVATION AND MULTIFUNCTIONAL CENTERS: ENHANCING AQUACULTURE MARKET DEVELOPMENT". Grail of Science, n. 29 (18 luglio 2023): 32–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.36074/grail-of-science.07.07.2023.002.

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Aquaculture activities are conducted worldwide primarily to provide food for the population. However, this industry also holds significant potential for recreation and conservation of natural resources, including biodiversity protection. The modern world is increasingly recognizing the importance of preserving natural resources and shifting from a purely commercial approach to a broader social perspective, aligning with the principles of Sustainable Development Goals. Effective aquaculture management should consider the potential impacts on the ecosystem and local communities. These impacts may vary and encompass factors such as water and habitat quality, carbon footprint, recreational opportunities, cultural preservation, and social aspects. It is crucial to ensure a balance in the use of water resources, considering the benefits and costs associated with their utilization for present and future generations. Aquaculture can contribute significantly to the development of both urban and rural areas, making it essential to promote its sustainable practices for economic resource generation.

Evans, Keith S., Xuan Chen e Christina A. Robichaud. "A Hedonic Analysis of the Impact of Marine Aquaculture on Coastal Housing Prices in Maine". Agricultural and Resource Economics Review 46, n. 2 (25 luglio 2017): 242–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/age.2017.19.

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Converting coastal waters to farmed production of seafood may generate conflicts with other resource users. This study explores the impact of marine aquaculture development on coastal homeowners. Using single-family home sales from 2012–2014 and spatial data on coastal aquaculture activity, we employ hedonics to assess the impacts of mariculture development in three study areas of Maine, USA. Our results suggest modest impacts on residential property values with significant spatial variation across study areas. This spatial variation represents a challenge for managers and highlights the potential benefits from coordinating the development of aquaculture to balance resource users' objectives with industry growth.

Anderson, James L., Frank Asche e Taryn Garlock. "Economics of Aquaculture Policy and Regulation". Annual Review of Resource Economics 11, n. 1 (5 ottobre 2019): 101–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-resource-100518-093750.

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Since the Blue Revolution began in the late 1960s, global aquaculture production has grown rapidly. Aquaculture now accounts for over half of the world's fish for direct human consumption and is expected to approach two-thirds by 2030. With aquaculture's growth, a number of high-profile concerns have arisen, including pollution, feeding practices, disease management and antibiotic use, habitat use, non-native species, food safety, fraud, animal welfare, impacts on traditional wild fisheries, access to water and space, market competition, and genetics. Managing these concerns requires thoughtful and well-designed policies and regulations. This manuscript reviews the contributions natural resource economics has made to evaluating aquaculture policy and regulation. Despite their valuable contributions, however, economists have been largely underrepresented in the debate. The primary influencers of aquaculture policies and regulations have been traditional fisheries managers, environmental groups, and natural scientists. We identify many important areas that should be more thoroughly addressed by economists.

Zhang, Yadong, Abubakar Shitu, Shengyu Hang, Zhangying Ye, Wen Xu, Hangfang Zhao, Jian Zhao e Songming Zhu. "Assessing the Impacts of Aquaculture Soundscapes on the Growth, Physiology and Behavior of Micropterus salmoides". Fishes 8, n. 7 (21 luglio 2023): 377. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fishes8070377.

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Sound has a potential impact on animal welfare and production, but the impacts of soundscapes on aquaculture species in different aquaculture production systems have been rarely studied. This study investigated the impact of varying aquaculture soundscapes on largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides). Three soundscapes were administered to replicated tanks: Recirculating Aquaculture System (RAS:107.7 dB re 1 Pa RMS), In-Pond Raceway System (IPRS:115.1 dB re 1 Pa RMS), and Ambient (70.4 dB re 1 Pa RMS) as the control. The initial weight of fish in the three groups was 3.59 ± 0.30 g. Following a 50-day experimental period, the average weight of the Ambient group (14.08 ± 0.13 g) was significantly greater than that of the IPRS group (12.79 ± 0.08 g) (p < 0.05). Examination of physiological samples revealed that the soundscape negatively impacted the fish’s immunological, anti-oxidation, and digestive enzymes. Furthermore, the external noise also influenced the locomotive patterns of the fish aggregations. Fish polarity and cohesion were significantly more discrete (p < 0.05) in both the RAS (47.79 ± 2.34° and 98.52 ± 3.22 mm) and IPRS groups (48.04 ± 0.70° and 87.70 ± 7.31 mm) compared to the Ambient group (42.76 ± 1.42° and 85.73 ± 1.57 mm). These results highlight the significant impacts of the aquaculture soundscape on the development, physiological activities, and behavioral traits of largemouth bass. Future research should focus on determining and optimizing the impact of different equipment noise to ensure optimal welfare and production performance in aquaculture systems.

Vásquez-Quispesivana, Wilfredo, Marianela Inga e Indira Betalleluz-Pallardel. "Artificial intelligence in aquaculture: basis, applications, and future perspectives". Scientia Agropecuaria 13, n. 1 (28 marzo 2022): 79–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.17268/sci.agropecu.2022.008.

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Advances in data management technologies are being adapted to resolve difficulties and impacts that aquaculture manifests, some aspects that over the years have not been fully managed, are now more feasible to solve, such as the optimization of variables that intervene in the growth and increase of biomass, the prediction of water quality parameters to manage and make decisions during farming fish, the evaluation of the aquaculture environment and the impact generated by aquaculture, the diagnosis of diseases in aquaculture fish to determine more specific treatments, handling, management and closure of aquaculture farms. The objective of this article was to review within the last 20 years the various techniques, methodologies, models, algorithms, software, and devices that are used within artificial intelligence, machine learning and deep learning systems, to solve in a simpler way, quickly and precisely the difficulties and impacts that aquaculture manifests. In addition, the fundamentals of artificial intelligence, automatic learning and deep learning are explained, as well as the recommendations for future study on areas of interest in aquaculture, such as the reduction of production costs through the optimization of feeding based on good aquaculture practices and parameters of water quality, the identification of sex in fish that do not present sexual dimorphism, the determination of quality attributes such as the degree of pigmentation in salmon and trout.

Più fonti

Tesi sul tema "Aquaculture impacts":

Giles, Hilke. "Dispersal and remineralisation of biodeposits : ecosystem impacts of mussel aquaculture/". The University of Waikato, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10289/2548.

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Suspension-feeding bivalves produce biodeposits (faeces and pseudofaeces) that have much higher sinking velocities than their constituent particles. Consequently they cause sedimentation of material that might otherwise not be deposited. The benthic remineralisation of biodeposits increases sediment oxygen demand and nutrient regeneration, thus enhancing the benthic-pelagic coupling of nearshore ecosystems. In New Zealand the mussel Perna canaliculus has a high natural abundance and is also intensively cultured. This thesis examines the dispersal and remineralisation characteristics of mussel P. canaliculus biodeposits and the impacts of sedimentation from a mussel farm in the Firth of Thames on sediment biogeochemistry by combining laboratory, field and modelling studies. Dispersal characteristics were examined in the laboratory by measuring sinking velocities and erosion thresholds of biodeposits produced by mussels of a wide size range fed three experimental diets. The results show that biodeposit dispersal is a function of mussel diet and size and thus could differ significantly between locations and seasons. Estimates of dispersal distances based on these results demonstrated that the initial dispersal of biodeposits produced by cultured mussels is not far. Depending on the hydrodynamic conditions, secondary dispersal via resuspension potentially plays a more important role in the dispersal of biodeposits from mussel farms than initial dispersal and almost certainly serves as the major means of transport of biodeposits from natural mussel beds. Biodeposit mineralisation was studied by incubating coastal sediments with added biodeposits and measuring oxygen and nutrient fluxes as well as sediment characteristics over an 11 d period. Sediment oxygen consumption and ammonium release increased immediately after biodeposit addition and remained elevated compared to control cores without additions for the incubation period. A biodeposit decay rate (0.16 d-1) was calculated by fitting a first-order G model to the observed increase in oxygen consumption. This rate is 1 - 2 orders of magnitude higher than published decay rates of coastal sediments without organic enrichment or plant material. Nutrient fluxes during the incubation period illustrated that biodeposit remineralisation alters the stoichiometry of the nutrients released from the sediments which may potentially be more significant than the changes of the individual fluxes. To determine the impact of a mussel farm in the Firth of Thames I measured sediment oxygen and nutrient fluxes by deploying benthic chambers, sediment characteristics by collecting sediment cores and sedimentation rates by deploying sediment traps in four seasons. Oxygen consumption and sediment nutrient release rates were generally higher under the farm compared to a reference site, demonstrating the typical response to increased organic input. Unusually low nitrogen release rates measured in summer may indicate enhanced denitrification under the farm. A simple budget demonstrated the importance of benthic nutrient regeneration in maintaining primary production in this region and that mussel culture can lead to a redistribution of nutrients. This study showed that site-specific hydrodynamic and biogeochemical conditions have to be taken into account when planning new mussel farms to prevent excessive modifications of nutrient dynamics. Results of the laboratory and field studies conducted in this thesis were used to parameterise, calibrate and validate models of mussel biodeposit dispersal and remineralisation. A particle tracking model showed that the maximum initial dispersal of faecal pellets from the mussel farm is approximately 300 m and that pellets can be transported several times this distance via resuspension. The remineralisation model was able to simulate the increased nitrogen fluxes from the sediments well and highlighted the need for thorough calibration and parameterisation of the model. This thesis contributed to the current understanding of the ecosystem impacts of mussel culture and provided numerical models and model parameters that will assist in the assessment of mussel culture sustainability and the contribution of mussels to the nutrient cycling in nearshore ecosystems.

Tew, Kwee Siong. "The impacts of algal control in catfish and percid aquaculture ponds". Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2003. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1062103252.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Ohio State University, 2003.
Title from first page of PDF file. Document formatted into pages; contains xvii, 114 p.; also includes graphics. Includes abstract and vita. Advisor: David A. Culver, Dept. of Evolution, Ecology, and Organismal Biology. Includes bibliographical references (p. 103-114).

Quinlan, Roberto. "Fossil chironomids as indicators of water quality impacts from aquaculture activities". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/NQ56097.pdf.

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Clerk, Saloni. "Fossil chironomids as indicators of water quality impacts from aquaculture activities". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2002. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/MQ65611.pdf.

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Haque, Mohammad Mahfujul. "Decentralised fish seed networks in Northwest Bangladesh : impacts on rural livelihoods". Thesis, University of Stirling, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/301.

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Ricefield based fish seed production (RBFSP) in irrigated spring (boro) ricefields after initial introductions by external promoters has spread among farmers in parts of Northwest Bangladesh. This approach to producing juvenile fish, rather than by specialised geographically clustered hatchery and nursery enterprises, has been recognised as a strategy for decentralised production that makes large high quality seed available locally and supports food fish production. RBFSP has been promoted by the international NGO CARE as part of a process to improve rice-based livelihoods of farming households using a farmer field school (FFS) approach in two consecutive projects between 1993 and 2005. The approach is technically simple and is based on the stocking of common carp (Cyprinus carpio) eggs and Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) broodfish in ricefields. As a new approach to farmer level fish seed production, its livelihood impacts on the farming households as well as associated actors; its adoption, adaptation and rejection process in farming households; and its cost-effectives for dissemination at farmer level were not well understood. This thesis mainly applies the concept of the sustainable livelihood approach (SLA) using tools and processes of the growing family of participatory research. A systems approach was used to ensure that the key stakeholders including households, community and extension organizations were included. The study was initiated with a well-being analysis of community households to identify poorer households before exploring impacts of RBFSP on poorer producing households (RF) compared to non-producing (NRF) households based on one-off and longitudinal surveys. Livelihoods impacts on other actors linked directly and indirectly with RBFSP were also investigated. The adoption process of RBFSP at the household level and the cost-effectiveness of its promotion were assessed. Impact studies at the household level showed that RF households were significantly larger and had lower levels of formal education than NRF. Adoption of RBFSP had improved practical skills and hence substantially improved human capital in RF households. RF households tended to have more of their ricefish plots located adjacent to their households. Poor and intermediate adopters had smaller riceplots than better-off households but higher seed production efficiencies (poor-315.1 kg fingerlings/ha; intermediate-419.1 kg fingerlings/ha) than better-off households (294.6 kg fingerlings/ha). In addition to direct consumption of large fingerlings, RF households restocked them for further growth in their household ponds in doing so increasing yields by 60%. Fish consumption increased substantially in RF households based on their own production reducing their dependency on purchase from markets. The year round longitudinal survey revealed that activities for RBFSP were compatible with their existing rice-based agriculture activities for household members including men, women and children. The relatively limited income from fingerling production improved cash flow in the low income months. Consumption of large size fingerlings from ricefields provided nutrient dense food in the ‘hungry gap’ months when supplies of wild fish were poor, smoothing consumption. Apart from RF households, RBFSP extended its livelihoods impacts to a wide range of actors in and around the seed producing community. Poor fry traders were found to be key actors in the spread and support of RBFSP. On average fry traders supplied fingerlings to 35 foodfish producers within a mean distance of 5 Km from producing households in a community where RBFSP was well established. The end users (foodfish producers) included households with their own ponds, ponds with multiple ownership and larger waterbodies leased by small groups. Locally available RFBSP juveniles were attractive to each of these groups, supplementing hatchery derived seed. A large number of complex socio-cultural and technical factors were related to household level adoption of RBFSP. The major factors included use of cash generated to prevent distress sales of rice; lack of requirement to use pesticide in ricefields; meeting the household consumption demand; capacity to restock fingerlings in ponds; lack of any negative effects on rice production; increased non-stocked fish production in riceplots; simplicity of the technology; ease of fish harvest from riceplots; increased ability to gift fingerlings/foodfish to relatives and neighbours; more efficient use of both riceplot and irrigation pumps. The most important reasons for households not attempting or quickly rejecting RBFSP were labour conflicts with other activities. However, lost access to the riceplots through changes in tenure was the most common cause of late rejection by households who had practiced RBFSP for several years after withdrawal of CARE support. Location of fish seed producing plots close to the homesteads facilitated household women to contribute to seed production activities through feeding and looking after fish. Women were able to decide and control resources generated from fingerling sales as well as choosing to gift fingerlings to their relatives. Informal transfer of fingerlings in this way stimulated spread of RBFSP. Decentralised fish seed production was promoted through FFS very cost effectively. The introduction of an improved strain of Nile tilapia (GIFT) broodfish greatly enhanced the returns from decentralised seed production based on common carp alone. High levels of secondary adoption improved benefits from promoting RBFSP. The major benefit derived from the improved returns to food fish farmers using locally produced seed. Higher levels of net present value (NPV) and benefit cost ratio (BCR) were achieved based on promotion of mixed-sex tilapia in RBFSP than mono-sex tilapia produced in a large scale central hatchery. Cost-effectiveness in terms of multiplier development impacts on ramification of secondary adopters and, income of fry traders and foodfish producers, RBFSP also showed better performance than a mono-sex tilapia hatchery.

Liu, Yajie. "An analysis of the management and economics of salmon aquaculture". Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/323.

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Salmon aquaculture can be a potential solution to bridge the gap between declining capture fisheries and increasing seafood demand. However, the environmental impacts it creates have generated criticism. The overall objectives of this dissertation are to examine the economic consequences of environmental issues associated with salmon aquaculture, and to explore policy implications and recommendations for reducing environmental impacts. These objectives are addressed in five main analyses. The growth of salmon aquaculture is analyzed based on farmed salmon production in the four leading producing countries and the sector as a whole. Analyses indicate that salmon aquaculture is unlikely to continue to grow at its current pace. A joint production function approach is used to estimate pollution abatement costs for the salmon aquaculture industry. Results reveal that pollution abatement costs vary among observations and models. On average, pollution abatement cost is estimated at 3.5% in terms of total farmed salmon production, and 6.5% in terms of total revenue of farmed salmon. The ecological and economic impacts of sea lice from salmon farms on wild salmon population and fisheries are also studied. Analyses suggest that these effects are minor when the sea lice induced mortality rate is below 20%, while they can be severe if the mortality is greater than 30%. Sea lice have greater ecological and economic impacts on pink salmon than on chum salmon. These effects are greater under a fixed exploitation rate than under a target escapement policy. The economic performance of open netcage and sea-bag production systems for salmon aquaculture is compared. Netcage systems appear to be more economically profitable than sea-bag systems when environmental costs are either not or only partially included. Sea-bag systems can be financially profitable only when the salmon they produce can achieve a price premium. Finally, policy implications are explored and recommendations are made for sustaining salmon aquaculture in a holistic manner based on the results from previous chapters. Technologies, economic-based instruments and more stringent environmental policies can be employed to reduce environmental impacts. However, there is no single solution to solve these environmental impacts, and a combination of policy options is needed.

Fu, Jing. "Environmental Impacts of Aquaculture Ponds on Coastal Wetlands in the Yellow River Estuary". Kyoto University, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/225949.

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Faruque, Golam. "An exploration of impacts of aquaculture production and marketing on rural livelihoods in three regions in Bangladesh". Thesis, University of Stirling, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/253.

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Increased domestic and international demand for aquatic foods have greatly enhanced aquaculture practices and production in Bangladesh, which is reflected in the national economy. However, the impacts of a fast growing aquaculture sector through the involvement of stakeholders, poorer sections throughout the value chain and broader rural livelihoods are largely underdeveloped and have frequently been ignored. The present study explores the impacts of dynamic aquaculture sector on stakeholders at production level and supply chain and test the hypothesis that aquaculture is enhancing rural livelihoods and benefiting the poor. Three aquaculture production systems in three areas of Bangladesh were selected for the study. These were prawn production in gher system in Jessore, pond fish culture in Mymensingh and rice-fish farming in Dinajpur. This selection allowed analysis both the impacts of domestic and export marketing of aquaculture products. Participatory research data collection tools; focus group discussions and participatory mapping were commonly used along with questionnaire surveys to ensure participation of stakeholders. Aquaculture, in general, found to have had significant impacts on rural livelihoods. The greatest effect of aquaculture on farming households were observed in income and consumption. Integrated aquaculture systems were the regular source of fish and vegetables and constitute more than half of the fish and vegetables consumed by farming households. While income from aquaculture was the highest among the several household income sources, the main cash crop differed between the systems studied. Prawn, fish and rice was the main cash earning crops for gher farming, fish farming and rice-fish farming respectively. Qualitative investigation suggested that aquaculture not only increased income through greater production volume, but also improved farmers’ assets through income diversification to farm and non-farm sources. The other important outcomes of aquaculture were the enhancement of social safety nets through increased sharing of inputs and labour among farmers. Commonly the aquaculture systems were found to be more intensive with an increasingly commercial attitude over the last ten years, which affected the intra-household labour distribution leading to a greater role for women in production management. While the three activities; fish feed preparation, feeding and growing vegetables performed by vast majority of women could be attributed to their inherent involvement with agriculture, hard physical work like harvesting ponds and pond construction were mostly carried out by the women from poor households as a strategy to reduce hired labour cost. The women’s’ increased involvement in aquaculture not only increased their overall workload, but also empowered them in household decision making to some extend. However, involvement in decision making was related to the level of involvement in production activities. The impacts of aquaculture spread beyond the farming households to the broader rural livelihoods. Wage labourers and fishers (harvesting teams) two of the poorest groups of people directly involved were benefited most over the last ten years. Intensification of aquaculture increased the demand for hired labour leading to a structural shift in the agricultural wage labour market in farming communities. About half of the agricultural labourers were found part-time employed in aquaculture activities in Jessore and Mymensingh. In Dinajpur intensification of rice cultivation had a much higher effect on the demand for labour than aquaculture. Increased employment in rural areas increased real labour wages by about one fifth over the last ten years and subsequently improved livelihood outcomes. Declining fish catch due to both decreased natural fish stocks and more restricted property rights, professional fishers benefited by diversifying their livelihoods into the aquaculture sector. While, many of the fishers permanently changed their profession to prawn marketing in Jessore, the rest were full-time or part-time employed in harvesting ponds and/or retailing fish in markets. Such diversification of income greatly reduced seasonal vulnerability and improved livelihood outcomes. The role of fish marketing, which is a critical institution in rural livelihoods, was found to facilitate the growth of the aquaculture sector. High demand of aquatic products and the diverse options of marketing fisheries enabled farmers to meet their initial requirements. More commercial operations of aquaculture increased farmers’ awareness and linkages to markets. However, typically the worse-off farmers were the slowest to capture new market opportunities, often due to their poor resources and human capital. Fish marketing was found to be run by the private sector and government provided the infrastructure facilities, except prawn processing plants, which were developed by private sector. While the fish market transactions were fairly efficient, markets facilities and infrastructure were commonly poor and need of government investment for improvement. A gradual growth of fish and markets in the rural areas was observed in the study; this was driven by the increased demand for fish through increased population and supply from aquaculture. The marketing intermediaries provided important services despite their small share of consumers’ price and ensured a fair share for farmers. The auctioneers provided a vital role in running the supply chain with investment and credits, which ensured fair competition in the pricing process. Marketing of aquatic products was not only a mechanism of product transaction, but also provided critical livelihoods for rural poor. On average about one hundred people, including retailers were involved in auction markets and eight people in prawn depots. Importantly the number of people in marketing was found to have increase over the years. Access for different groups of poor people to marketing jobs was found to be significant in rural livelihoods. The asset base and daily earning indicates that more than three quarters of the marketing intermediaries were poor; some of them were from poorest and low cast Hindu society. Greater flexibility of entry and exit to the jobs enabled the poorer sections to diversify their livelihoods, which enabled to cope with seasonal variability of opportunities and stable income. The marketing employment provided then increased livelihood welfare and social security. Finally, it can be concluded that the promotion of aquaculture not only increased much needed food availability but also generated critical livelihoods and marketing is not just a mechanism of product flow, but also providing livelihoods welfare to poorest sections of the society. The micro level findings of the study regarding impacts of aquaculture indicate that aquaculture production and marketing have significant impacts on enhancing rural livelihoods in Bangladesh.

Chamberlain, Jon. "Modelling the environmental impacts of suspended mussel (Mytilus edulis L.) farming". Thesis, Edinburgh Napier University, 2002. http://researchrepository.napier.ac.uk/Output/5595.

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The potential impacts of marine aquaculture operations on the environment are reviewed. The reported effects of suspended mussel farms on the benthic environment are examined and the potential impacts discussed. A framework to assess the impacts of suspended mussel farms is presented. The use of simulation models to predict the impact of fish farm wastes on the benthic environment is discussed and the mathematical theory supporting such models is presented. The applicability of these models to mussel farming is discussed and the data required to undertake such modelling identified. The effect of increased sedimentation on the macrobenthic community, physical structure and biogeochemistry of the surficial sediment around three suspended mussel farms are examined. At one site, the benthic community was subjected to bulk sedimentation, organic enrichment and reduced macrobenthic infaunal diversity. Elevated levels of organic carbon were recorded close to the farm. At the remaining two sites, benthic impacts were less clear and not demonstrably due to the mussel farms. The settling velocity of mussel faeces and pseudofaeces was required to enable modelling of particles ejected from the farm sites. An experiment was devised to measure this parameter.- The settling velocity of mussel faeces (~0.5 cms-I ) was less than pseudofaeces (~1 cms-I ). Differences in these settling velocities were attributed to the organic content and particle size of the excreted matter. The particle tracking model DEPOMOD (Cromey et at., 2000a) was used as a platform from which to develop a simulation model predicting the benthic impact of suspended mussel farms. Parameters within the model were modified to be represent a mussel farming scenario. Data from the three sites surveyed were applied to the model. Although the model results compared favourably with the field data, the model tended to overestimate the benthic impact as measured by the Infaunal Trophic Index. The results of the model are discussed and improvements and further experiments are identified.

Koranteng, Kwame Abu. "The impacts of environmental forcing on the dynamics of demersal fishery resources of Ghana". Thesis, University of Warwick, 1998. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/34664/.

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The dynamics of demersal fish species assemblages and stocks on the continental shelf of Ghana, West Africa were investigated using data from trawl surveys conducted between 1963 and 1990, and in relation to marine environmental and nearshore forcing factors. Time series analysis was used to examine the dynamics of the marine environment. Classification and ordination methods were used to identify fish assemblages and to identify factors that determine assemblage formation and dynamics. The response of the identified assemblages to changes in the Ghanaian shelf ecosystem were assessed. Between 1964 and 1992, three distinct environmental time blocks (ETBs) in the continental shelf ecosystem off Ghana were recognised. In the first ETB (i. e. before 1972) sea surface and bottom temperatures were relatively high and salinity was low. The second ETB (1972 - 1982) was characterised by low temperatures, high but stable salinity, reduced rainfall and freshwater input into the sea. In the third ETB (1982 - 1992), the system bore a resemblance to the first block with rising temperatures and decreasing salinity. Six fish species assemblages were identified, namely the supra-thermocline sciaenid and lutjanid assemblages, two sparid assemblages (shallow and deep elements), the deep shelf assemblage and the upper slope assemblage. During ETB I and ETB3, the assemblages were easier to identify using ordination techniques, than during ETB2. Species diversity also decreased during ETB2 especially in waters between 10 and 50 m deep. This behaviour of the assemblagesis attributed to the increase in abundance of Balistes capriscus, a species that dominated the ecosystem for nearly 20 years from about 1971, and the observed environmental changes. The estimated density of demersal fish was higher in the upwelling season than in the thermocline season and decreased from 50 kg ha-1 in 1963-64 to 32.4 kg ha-1 in 1990. The density reached its lowest value of 22.5 kg ha-1 in the period between 1973 and 1977. The potential yield of the total demersal biomass (excluding triggerfish) is estimated to be 36,000 - 55,000 mt per annum. With landed catches exceeding 60,000 mt in some years, it is apparent that the resource is over-exploited. A number of policy options are discussed and recommendations for the management of the fishery are made.

Più fonti

Libri sul tema "Aquaculture impacts":

Dicks, Michael R. Economy-wide impacts of U.S. aquaculture. [Stillwater]: Oklahoma Agricultural Experiment Station, Div. of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Oklahoma State University, 1996.

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IMO/FAO/Unesco/WMO/WHO/IAEA/UN/UNEP Joint Group of Experts on the Scientific Aspects of Marine Pollution, GESAMP., a cura di. Reducing environmental impacts of coastal aquaculture. Rome: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, 1991.

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Phillips, Bruce F., e Mónica Pérez-Ramírez, a cura di. Climate Change Impacts on Fisheries and Aquaculture. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119154051.

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1926-, Manna G. K., Jana B. B, University of Kalyani e National Symposium on Environmental Impacts on Animals and Aquaculture (1988 : University of Kalyani), a cura di. Impacts of environment on animals and aquaculture. Kalyani, West Bengal, India: University of Kalyani, 1990.

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Mischke, Charles C. Aquaculture pond fertilization: Impacts of nutrient input on production. Ames, Iowa: Wiley-Blackwell, 2012.

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United States. National Marine Fisheries Service. Aquaculture and capture fisheries: Impacts in U.S. seafood markets. Washington, D.C: U.S. Department of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Marine Fisheries Service, 1988.

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Canada - Norway Workshop on Environmental Impacts of Aquaculture (1993 Bergen, Norway). Proceedings of the Canada - Norway Workshop on Environmental Impacts of Aquaculture. Bergen, Norway: Havforskningsinstituttet, 1994.

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Barry, Hargrave, a cura di. Modelling benthic impacts of organic enrichment from marine aquaculture. Dartmouth, Novia Scotia: Biological Sciences Branch, Scotia-Fundy Region, Dept. of Fisheries and Oceans, Bedford Institute of Oceanography, 1994.

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United States. National Marine Fisheries Service., a cura di. Aquaculture and capture fisheries: Impacts in U.S. seafood markets. Washington, D.C: U.S. Dept. of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Marine Fisheries Service, 1988.

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(Philippines), PHILMINAQ Project. Managing aquaculture and its impacts: A guidebook for local governments. Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines: Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources-PHILMINAQ Project, 2007.

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Capitoli di libri sul tema "Aquaculture impacts":

Holmer, Marianne, Pia Kupka Hansen, Ioannis Karakassis, Joseph A. Borg e Patrick J. Schembri. "Monitoring of Environmental Impacts of Marine Aquaculture". In Aquaculture in the Ecosystem, 47–85. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-6810-2_2.

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Lusher, Amy L., e Natalie A. C. Welden. "Microplastic Impacts in Fisheries and Aquaculture". In Handbook of Microplastics in the Environment, 1–28. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-10618-8_30-1.

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Lusher, Amy L., e Natalie A. C. Welden. "Microplastic Impacts in Fisheries and Aquaculture". In Handbook of Microplastics in the Environment, 977–1004. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-39041-9_30.

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Moreau, Darek T. R., e Ian A. Fleming. "The Potential Ecological and Genetic Impacts of Aquaculture Biotechnologies: Eco-Evolutionary Considerations for Managing the Blue Revolution". In Aquaculture Biotechnology, 319–42. Oxford, UK: Wiley-Blackwell, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470963159.ch21.

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Jana, S. "Socioeconomic Impacts and Cost-Benefit Analysis of Wastewater-Fed Aquaculture". In Wastewater Management Through Aquaculture, 269–84. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-7248-2_14.

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Bostick, Katherine. "NGO Approaches to Minimizing the Impacts of Aquaculture: A Review". In Aquaculture in the Ecosystem, 227–49. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-6810-2_7.

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Brander, Keith, Kevern Cochrane, Manuel Barange e Doris Soto. "Climate Change Implications for Fisheries and Aquaculture". In Climate Change Impacts on Fisheries and Aquaculture, 45–62. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119154051.ch3.

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Stokesbury, Kevin D. E., Edward P. Baker, Bradley P. Harris e Robert B. Rheault. "Environmental Impacts Related to Mechanical Harvest of Cultured Shellfish". In Shellfish Aquaculture and the Environment, 319–38. Oxford, UK: Wiley-Blackwell, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470960967.ch11.

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Padilla, Dianna K., Michael J. McCann e Sandra E. Shumway. "Marine Invaders and Bivalve Aquaculture: Sources, Impacts, and Consequences". In Shellfish Aquaculture and the Environment, 395–424. Oxford, UK: Wiley-Blackwell, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470960967.ch14.

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Hoseinifar, Seyed Hossein, Maryam Dadar, Hien Van Doan e Ramasamy Harikrishnan. "Feed Additives Impacts on Shellfish Microbiota, Health, and Development". In Microbial Communities in Aquaculture Ecosystems, 143–63. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-16190-3_7.

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Atti di convegni sul tema "Aquaculture impacts":

Roberts, Sophie, Damon Howe e Jean-Roch Nader. "Performance Feasibility of a Multi-Source Offshore Renewable Energy Platform for Aquaculture". In ASME 2023 42nd International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2023-105346.

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Abstract The global aquaculture industry is facing new challenges as it strives to satisfy the continually growing demand for seafood products. The expanding industry brings with it challenges such as the diminishing availability of suitable coastal zones due to increased competition for marine-use areas, and a responsibility to limit negative impacts to the environment. As a potential solution to the negate environmental impact and continue industry expansion, operations are expected to transition further offshore. Moving aquaculture operations offshore presents several challenges, foremost of which is the provision of energy. This paper explores the feasibility of using a novel multi-source renewable energy platform to overcome the reliance on diesel in the offshore aquaculture industry. Through the development of a numerical model, this solution proposes a scalable renewable energy platform located off the coast of Tasmania utilising solar photovoltaic (PV), wind turbines and wave energy conversion. The feasibility is assessed through a numerical model based on factors such as resource availability, energy demand and conversion system efficiencies to determine how different design and resource variable influence the ability of the platform to meet the energy requirements.

NGUYEN, N. T. T., e M. B. DE VRIES. "PREDICTING TRENDS IN WATER QUALITY IN THE COASTAL ZONE OF TT-HUE, VIETNAM - AN ASSESSMENT OF IMPACTS OF RICE CULTURE AND AQUACULTURE". In Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on APAC 2009. World Scientific Publishing Company, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789814287951_0063.

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Zheng, Yizhe, Yizhe Zheng, Kyohei Hayashi, Kyohei Hayashi, Takumi Matsuno, Takumi Matsuno, Megumu Fujibayashi et al. "INTERACTIONS BETWEEN BIOGEOCHEMICAL ENVIRONMENT AND SUSPENDED OYSTER FARMING IN SHIZUGAWA BAY, JAPAN". In Managing risks to coastal regions and communities in a changing world. Academus Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.31519/conferencearticle_5b1b9392311d49.71091477.

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The impacts of human-induced changes in coastal environments on shellfish farming need to be mitigated. Suspended farming species, such as oysters, greatly impact planktonic communities and benthic environments via filter feeding and bio-deposition. To more effec-tively manage coastal environments and achieve ecologically sustainable shellfish farming, interactions between coastal marine environments and aquaculture activities need to be properly assessed. We examined interactions between coastal biogeochemical environments and suspended oyster farming in Shizugawa Bay of northeastern Japan. We found that particulate organic matter (POM) produced at the oyster farm (e.g., exfoliated periphyton and/or oyster feces) locally increased the concentrations of chlorophyll a and daytime dis-solved oxygen in the bottom layer. Based on the estimated budget of POM at the bay scale, the oyster feeding rate was a couple of orders of magnitude lower than the net primary production and POM inputs at the bay boundaries (e.g., offshore and in rivers). The rela-tively high exposure of the bay and high seawater mixing rate may explain the lack of mac-roscale environmental impacts of oyster cultures at the bay scale. We also found that despite the oligotrophic environment, the oyster growth rate was higher in the bay, compared with previous estimates in other coastal areas. To understand the mechanisms sustaining the production of phytoplankton and oysters, further examinations from the perspective of nu-trient cycling in the bay are required.

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Harrell, Myer, Erin Horn, Adam Koehn, Alex Ianchenko e Gundula Prosksch. "Adaptive Reuse as Carbon Adaptation: Urban Food Production in the Underused Parking Garages of the Future". In 2020 ACSA Fall Conference. ACSA Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.35483/acsa.aia.fallintercarbon.20.33.

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This research collaboration between the Circular City + Living Systems (CCLS) research lab and the architecture practice Weber Thompson addresses the intersection of three critical topics affecting the carbon footprint of the built environment: adaptive reuse of existing buildings, increased availability of electric and autonomous vehicles, and food production in cities. This study measures and compares the relative impact of the operational carbon impact reduction of an eventual transition to electric autonomous vehicles, the embodied carbon reduction of adaptive building reuse, and the potential to sequester carbon as a benefit from living systems in urban aquaponics operations in adapted parking garages. Aquaponics, the combination of aquaculture and hydroponic growing systems, optimizes food, water, energy, and waste flows and reduces the need for resource input through high-efficiency, cyclical exchanges. Integrating and scaling up aquaponic food production systems into cities provides an innovative approach to producing sustainable urban food and mitigating urban environmental challenges. Through case study research, resource and scale analysis, this project leverages collaboration between practice and academia to explore the carbon impact of a promising near-future adaptive reuse of parking garages for urban food production. The relative embodied carbon impacts of adaptive building reuse, operational carbon reduction of transition to autonomous electric vehicles, and sequestration of carbon through urban aquaponics operations are measured and compared to advance and assess the viability of an innovative adaptive reuse concept.

Thodi, Premkumar, Vandad Talimi, Lei Liu, Jan Thijssen, David Gauthier e Mario Paris. "Jellyfish Deflection From Marine Fish Pens Using Bubbler Technology". In ASME 2023 42nd International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2023-101058.

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Abstract Increased jellyfish blooms have been identified as a major cause of caged fish damage in marine aquaculture facilities as well as clogging of seawater intake systems of nuclear power plant cooling stations and desalination plants. Bubbler technology has shown great promise for protecting marine facilities from jellyfish impacts. This paper focuses on the design of apparatus, planning and execution of large scale tests using simulated silicone jellyfish in a controlled environment. The following parameters were varied during testing: water current (0.1–0.6 m/s), bubble curtain angle (5°, 30° and 45°), air flow rate (0.1, 0.3 and 0.6 cfm/ft), number of curtains (1, 2 and 3), jellyfish size (5 and 18 cm diameter), curtain spacing (15, 50, 100 and 400 cm) and jellyfish release methods (surface and subsurface). From the test results, it was concluded that effective deflection of jellyfish in marine environment with currents upto 0.6 m/s was achievable. Also, the curtain angle, number of curtains, larger spacing between curtains and air flow rate through bubbler were observed to have a positive impact on the deflection efficiency for high current speeds. A CFD model developed was used to estimate the deflection efficiency, which provided a good agreement with test results.

Barker, Alexandra. "Crisiscity: Cyborg Infrastructure in the Anthropocene". In 109th ACSA Annual Meeting. ACSA Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.35483/acsa.am.109.18.

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In the Anthropocene thesis, nature is partly a human creation. Human activity has affected all ecologic, geologic and biological systems, eroding the boundary between human and non-human life and between nature and culture, producing catastrophic impacts on the Earth that have brought us to a point of climate crisis. As recent texts have argued, the cur¬rent social and health crises are direct resultants of human actions dating back to the time of Western colonization. Human pollution of the global ecosystem has produced the climate crisis. As the pandemic of COVID-19 continues to show, the health of people, animals, ecosystems and the environment are intimately linked. The health crisis has also exposed weaknesses in our global supply chain network for consumer goods. Localizing food and fuel production and storage for easy distribution is a key approach to addressing issues of food and energy insecurity in this context. This graduate architecture studio project proposes additions to and reuse of existing urban infrastructure to locally situate small-scale food and energy production and storage facilities squarely within the dense urban fabric of major metropolitan areas as a retrofit embedded inside existing building fabric within the public realm. Seafood aquaculture, aquaponics, hydroponics, and algae farming processes produce high yields in relatively compact environments without the necessary access to light and space that typical crops require. Oyster aquaculture can produce food as well as seed for filtering oyster beds that are critical for the cleansing of polluted waterways. These programs also provide a source of jobs locally accessible to urban communities. Our test site for this project is a speculative mixed-use addition and alteration to abandoned industrial buildings in Brooklyn’s industrial waterfronts of Red Hook and Sunset Park proposing light manufacturing in combination with public programs. Anamorphic projection techniques in the design process produce specific orientations toward both human and non-human occupants.

Gansel, Lars C., Per Christian Endresen, Kristine Braaten Steinhovden, Stine Wiborg Dahle, Eirik Svendsen, Silje Forbord e Østen Jensen. "Drag on Nets Fouled With Blue Mussel (Mytilus Edulis) and Sugar Kelp (Saccharina Latissima) and Parameterization of Fouling". In ASME 2017 36th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2017-62030.

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Biofouling is a serious problem in marine finfish aquaculture with a number of negative impacts. Marine growth obstructs net openings, thereby reducing water exchange through the net and affecting fish welfare and health, as well as the spreading of dissolved nutrients, particles and pathogens. Furthermore, additional water blockage leads to increased hydrodynamic forces on fish cages, which potentially threaten the structural integrity of the fish farm. However, detailed knowledge about the effects of biofouling on the flow past, and the resulting forces on fish cages, is limited and systematic investigations of the effects of different types of fouling have been called for. This study investigates the effects of different amounts and sizes of two important fouling organisms in Norwegian aquaculture, blue mussel (Mytilus edulis) and kelp (Saccharina latissima) on the drag on net panels. Drag forces on a number of clean and fouled nets were measured in a flume tank at a flow speed of 0.1 m/s. Net solidity was calculated from images acquired of all nets in the current. The relationship between net solidity and drag was then found for clean nets and for each type of fouling, and biofouling was parameterized by comparing clean and fouled net results: for a given fouled net, a clean net can be found that experiences the same drag. The latter can then be used in numerical models to estimate the effect of fouling on net drag. That means existing models can be used to model the drag effect of fouling. This study found a solidity increase due to mussel and kelp fouling to affect drag roughly at the same rate as an increase in clean net solidity at a flow speed of 0.1 ms−1 and within the tested fouling size range for two net types. Therefore, existing models, describing the relationship between net solidity and drag, can be used directly or with minor alterations (especially at high solidities) to estimate effects of additional mussel and kelp fouling on drag. In contrast, wet weight seems to be unsuitable as a measure to estimate drag on nets fouled with seaweed or mussels. It should be noted that these findings are only valid under similar conditions, and that other fouling types and sizes, as well as test parameters and tank size can affect the relationship between solidity and drag.

Беседина, А. В. "WATER POLLUTION AND ITS IMPACT ON THE CONDITION OF FISH". In DEVELOPMENT AND MODERN PROBLEMS OF AQUACULTURE. ООО "ДГТУ-Принт" Адресс полиграфического предприятия 344003 пл Гагарина, зд. 1, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.23947/aquaculture.2023.27-29.

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This article explores the issue of water pollution and its impact on the quality of fish. The authors draw attention to the level of water pollution due to industrial emissions, agriculture and other anthropogenic factors. They analyze the environment representing the fish ponds and evaluate the levels of various pollutants such as heavy metals, pesticides, plastics and other substances in the water.

Степанова, Ю. В., e А. В. Казарникова. "INVASION OF THE PRUSSIAN CARP CARASSIUS GIBELIO (BLOKH, 1782) BY LERNAEA CYPRINACEA (COPEPODA; LERNAEIDAE) IN THE DON RIVER DELTA AND THE EASTERN PART OF THE TAGANROG BAY". In DEVELOPMENT AND MODERN PROBLEMS OF AQUACULTURE. ООО "ДГТУ-Принт" Адресс полиграфического предприятия 344003 пл Гагарина, зд. 1, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.23947/aquaculture.2023.120-124.

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The data on the infestation of Crucian carp with Lernaea in the Don River delta and the eastern part of the Taganrog Bay are presented. The factors contributing to the development of crayfish, their impact on the health of fish, as well as drugs used to combat the disease are analyzed.

Rapporti di organizzazioni sul tema "Aquaculture impacts":

Rashid, Shahidur, Nicholas Minot e Solomon Lemma. Welfare and poverty impacts of aquaculture growth. Washington, DC: International Food Policy Research Institute, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2499/9780896293618_05.

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Bolton, Laura. Aquaculture and Mangroves. Institute of Development Studies, aprile 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2021.056.

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This report aimed to focus on the impacts of coastal aquaculture on poverty but it was often not distinguished from inland aquaculture in the literature and took extra time to ascertain. Aquaculture reporting was also combined with capture fisheries in some reviews. The initial search aimed to draw on evidence from the past 10 years but key papers emerged that were older and the reviews drew from earlier research. There seemed to be a lack of recent research on the links between poverty and aquaculture. The tension between environmental protection and economic development is present in the literature with different views being presented depending on either the agenda in grey literature or the focus of the publisher. There were data on mangrove loss that did not describe the cause of the loss, data that described human-driven mangrove loss but did not distinguish between different human influences, and a small amount of data that linked aquaculture and mangrove loss directly. Unfortunately, it was not possible to find recent data on aquaculture and mangrove loss to assess the latest trends.

Ragasa, Catherine, Sena Amewu e Seth Asante. Immediate impacts of COVID-19 on the aquaculture value chain in Ghana. Washington, DC: International Food Policy Research Institute, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2499/p15738coll2.134374.

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Engle, Carole R., Jonathan van Senten, Matthew A. Smith, Charles Clark, Shannon Fluharty e Michael H. Schwarz. Impacts of COVID-19 on U.S. aquaculture, aquaponics, and allied businesses located in the USDA Western Aquaculture Region: Quarter 1 Results March 23, 2020 to April 10, 2020. Blacksburg, VA: Virginia Cooperative Extension, gennaio 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21061/aaec-243np.

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Smith, Matthew A., Jonathan van Senten, Carole R. Engle, Charles Clark, Shannon Fluharty e Michael H. Schwarz. Impacts of COVID-19 on U.S. aquaculture, aquaponics, and allied businesses located in the USDA North Central Aquaculture Region: Quarter 1 Results March 23, 2020 to April 10, 2020. Blacksburg, VA: Virginia Cooperative Extension, gennaio 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21061/aaec-238np.

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van Senten, Jonathan, Matthew A. Smith, Carole R. Engle, Charles Clark, Shannon Fluharty e Michael H. Schwarz. Impacts of COVID-19 on U.S. aquaculture, aquaponics, and allied businesses located in the USDA Tropical and Subtropical Aquaculture Region: Quarter 1 Results March 23, 2020 to April 10, 2020. Blacksburg, VA: Virginia Cooperative Extension, gennaio 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21061/aaec-240np.

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Clark, Charles T., Jonathan van Senten, Carole R. Engle, Matthew A. Smith, Shannon Fluharty e Michael H. Schwarz. Impacts of COVID-19 on U.S. aquaculture allied business: Quarter 1 Results March 23, 2020 to April 10, 2020. Blacksburg, VA: Virginia Cooperative Extension, gennaio 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21061/aaec-235np.

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van Senten, Jonathan, Carole R. Engle, Matthew A. Smith, Charles Clark, Shannon Fluharty e Michael H. Schwarz. Impacts of COVID-19 on U.S. aquaculture, aquaponics, and allied businesses: Quarter 1 - March 23, 2020 to April 10, 2020. Blacksburg, VA: Virginia Cooperative Extension, gennaio 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21061/aaec-246np.

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Miller, James E. Muskrats. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, gennaio 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2018.7208744.ws.

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The muskrat (Ondatra zibethicus) is a common, semi-aquatic rodent native to the United States. It spends its life in aquatic habitats and is well adapted for swimming. Although muskrats are an important part of native ecosystems, their burrowing and foraging activities can damage agricultural crops, native marshes and water control systems, such as aquaculture and farm ponds and levees. Such damage can significantly impact agricultural crops like rice that rely on consistent water levels for growth. Laws, regulations, and ordinances regarding the take of muskrats varies by state and province where they are found and regulations on seasons, bag limits, and type of traps or devices that can be used to take them must be carefully followed.

Liu, Zhanjiang John, Rex Dunham e Boaz Moav. Developmental and Evaluation of Advanced Expression Vectors with Both Enhanced Integration and Stable Expression for Transgenic Farmed Fish. United States Department of Agriculture, dicembre 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2001.7585196.bard.

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The objectives of the project were to develop expression vectors using the Sleeping Beauty transposon technology and the genetic border elements to provide both enhanced integration rate and stable transgene expression, and to evaluate the application of such vectors in farmed fish such as catfish and carp. The panel recommended adding the objective of evaluating the endogenous transposable elements, particularly in catfish, in order to evaluate the applicability of the expression vectors while reduc1ng efforts in real production of transgenic fish considering the focus of the project was to develop the vector and evaluation of its applicability, not producing transgenic fish. Efficient production of transgenic farmed fish is hindered by two major problems: mosaicism due to delayed integration after single-cell stage, and silencing of transgene expression. In this project, we proposed to combat these problems by coupling the Sleeping Beauty transposon technology that can enhance integration rate and the border elements that can insulate transgene from position effect. Our major objective was to develop a new generation of expression vector that contains both of these elements. We have developed expression vectors containing both the Sleeping Beauty transposon signals, inverted repeats and direct repeats (IR and DR, respectively), and the border elements, scs and scs'. Growth hormone minigene has been cloned into this vector for applications of such vectors in growth enhancement. Luc reporter gene has been also cloned into this vector cascades for relative easy evaluation of transgene expression. Transgenic fish have been produced using these expression vectors in both catfish (US) and carp (Israel). Much effort was also devoted to evaluation of the endogenous transposable elements in catfish as recommended by the BARD grant panel. Multiple families of Tcl-like transposons were identified from catfish. Surprisingly, many Tc I-related transcripts were identified. Among these transcripts, both the sense and antisense transcripts were present. Some of the transcripts may be useful for development of novel transposase-based technology for aquaculture applications in the future. This project has both scientific and aquaculture implications. First, to develop expression vectors containing both IR/DR and scs/scs' repeated elements have been reported being extremely technically difficult due to excision of the repeated sequences by the E. coli host during cloning processes. We have successfully constructed this advanced vector that contained very complex cascades for both gene integration and gene regulation. We have produced transgenic fish using such vectors. This advanced expression vector should be useful for production of transgenic fish. By simply replacing the growth hormone gene, any gene of interest can be readily inserted in this vector. Thus this vector should provide technological possibility for early integration and stable expression of any economically important genes in aquaculture. We have also evaluated the applications of the Sleeping Beauty-based vectors in terms of the impact of gene size and found that the size of trans gene drastically affects transposition. The system will be only useful for transferring genes smaller than 5.6 kb. We have also identified novel transposase-related transcripts that may be useful for the development of novel transposase-based technologies for general scientific research and for aquaculture applications.