Tesi sul tema "Approches spatiales"
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Tarabalka, Yuliya. "Approches spectro-spatiales pour la classification d'images hyperspectrales". Phd thesis, Grenoble INPG, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010INPG0049.
Testo completoLn this thesis, we propose and develop novel spectral-spatial methods and algorithms for classification of hyperspectral data. First, the integration of the Support Vector Machines technique within a Markov Random Fields framework is investigated. Ln. A second step, we propose classification methods using adaptive spatial neighborhoods derived from region segmentation results. Different segmentation techniques are investigated and extended to the case of hyperspectral images. We also propose approaches to reduce oversegmentation in an image, which is achieved by automatically marking the spatial structures before performing a marker-controlled segmentation. Our proposai is to analyze probabilistic classification results for selecting the most reliably classified pixels as markers of spatial regions. Then, different approaches for marker-controlled region growing are developed. The new techniques improve classification results when compared to previously proposed methods
Tarabalka, Yuliya. "Approches spectro-spatiales pour la classification d'images hyperspectrales". Phd thesis, Grenoble INPG, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00557734.
Testo completoCrawshaw, Alexis Story. "La musique électro-Somesthésique : approches spatiales, théorisation et expérimentations créatives". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 8, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022PA080074.
Testo completoThis work of research proposes the idea of electro-somaesthetic music (ESM). We define it as a computer music that targets somatosensation for artistic and musical ends. ESM engages the non-cochlear somatic senses sensitive to mechanical waves. We propose that the somatosensory experience of space is qualitatively distinct from other senses. These sensations operate at high resolution within our intimate space: across our bodily threshold and even within the interior space of our bodies. These subtleties offer a novel artistic terrain for exploration. However, its potential spatial considerations are complex, and these can lend themselves to confusion. As such, to better appreciate their relationships and experiment with compositional ideas, we advance some theoretical considerations with several technical and artistic proofs of concept. In the first part, we address the conceptual space of ESM spatial expression. We examine the relationships among the levels of the perceiver, the content, and the environment. In the second part, we elaborate upon the matrix of possibilities regarding computational spatial rendering: three principal paradigms of spatial manipulation—physical (via acoustics), virtual (via computation), perceptual (via non-evident spatial illusions)—that transpire through two lenses: where sonic events are relative to the level of the body (egocentric) or where they are relative to the environment external to the body (allocentric). Together, these theoretical cells form a promising creative space and our practical experimentations explore paths forward toward future investigations
Heredia, Manuel. "Méthodologies d’analyse environnementale des filières bioénergie : approches par analyse de cycle de vie et nouvelles approches spatiales". Thesis, Bordeaux 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012BOR14551/document.
Testo completoThis work aims to provide informations and tools that are currently lacking in the environmental analysis of biofuels, especially in the life cycle analysis (LCA). This work includes two complementary parts. The first part focuses on biofuels supply chains at international scale. A descriptive study allows us to define the PEC system (Production, Elaboration, Consumption) to represent these supply chains. A tool is developed to describe and quantify PEC entities from biofuel consumption to areas of primary crops production. This tool is applied to biodiesel consumption in the EU using bioproducts flows data taken from international trade databases. It shows that biodiesel consumption involves a rapidly growing contribution of crop areas outside the EU (Non-EU), increasing from 28% in 2004 to 76% in 2009. Non-EU crop areas are indeed simultaneously mobilised through imports of bioproducts (22-46%) and through direct imports of biodiesel (0-40%). This tool eventually produces allocation matrices, based on national consumption, which are useful for LCA. The second part focuses on primary crops areas by considering a local level in order to integrate their spatial heterogeneities and territorial specificities. Primary crop areas in major producing countries supplying EU's biofuel consumptions are localised. Examination of the production situation in important countries allows to identify the nature of in situ local impacts and to study criticality of impacts in the national and territorial context. Then, spatial approaches based on Geographic Information Systems (GIS) are applied to bioethanol industries in Brazil. In this approach, about 620 ethanol plants in Brazil are localised using GIS and their supply areas are characterised. This leads to the measurement of specific indicators, such as spatiotemporal patterns of sugarcane expansion. These results are a contribution to the understanding of the structure and interactions among supply chains and to a better consideration of the spatial aspects in environmental analysis and LCA studies of biofuels consumed in Europe
Heredia, Manuel. "Méthodologies d’analyse environnementale des filières bioénergie : approches par analyse de cycle de vie et nouvelles approches spatiales". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Bordeaux 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012BOR14551.
Testo completoThis work aims to provide informations and tools that are currently lacking in the environmental analysis of biofuels, especially in the life cycle analysis (LCA). This work includes two complementary parts. The first part focuses on biofuels supply chains at international scale. A descriptive study allows us to define the PEC system (Production, Elaboration, Consumption) to represent these supply chains. A tool is developed to describe and quantify PEC entities from biofuel consumption to areas of primary crops production. This tool is applied to biodiesel consumption in the EU using bioproducts flows data taken from international trade databases. It shows that biodiesel consumption involves a rapidly growing contribution of crop areas outside the EU (Non-EU), increasing from 28% in 2004 to 76% in 2009. Non-EU crop areas are indeed simultaneously mobilised through imports of bioproducts (22-46%) and through direct imports of biodiesel (0-40%). This tool eventually produces allocation matrices, based on national consumption, which are useful for LCA. The second part focuses on primary crops areas by considering a local level in order to integrate their spatial heterogeneities and territorial specificities. Primary crop areas in major producing countries supplying EU's biofuel consumptions are localised. Examination of the production situation in important countries allows to identify the nature of in situ local impacts and to study criticality of impacts in the national and territorial context. Then, spatial approaches based on Geographic Information Systems (GIS) are applied to bioethanol industries in Brazil. In this approach, about 620 ethanol plants in Brazil are localised using GIS and their supply areas are characterised. This leads to the measurement of specific indicators, such as spatiotemporal patterns of sugarcane expansion. These results are a contribution to the understanding of the structure and interactions among supply chains and to a better consideration of the spatial aspects in environmental analysis and LCA studies of biofuels consumed in Europe
Granier, Anne. "La Zone et les zoniers de Paris, approches spatiales d'une marge urbaine (1912-1946)". Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSEN078.
Testo completoThe Paris Zone was a 250m wide piece of land surrounding the capital where no one could live. Almost since 1850, this interdiction was not respected. In 1912, two agreements between Paris and the French State were signed. A law followed on the 19 april 1919 which proclaimed the reclassification of the zone, its transfer to Paris and the maintenance of an interdiction to build (« servitude non aedificandi ») because of health. Paris had to expropriate the zone. This thesis studies the history of the parisian ownership of the zone with the help of various materials (maps, census, aerial photographs etc.), most often studied in a geographical information system (GIS). The reclassification argument and the history of the zone construction are studied first, then the expropriation texts and procedures are considered. Far from the dream of a neutral space which ran through the Parisian administration, the expropriation process discriminated between people and places. The zone was not monotonous and its uses were varied (though or precarious building, industries, storage zones, vegetable gardens etc.). If the thesis aims to find some great logics of organization, often linked with the « banlieue » urbanization, other criterions can explain the destiny of a piece of land. The attractivity of the zone for its inhabitants is especially studied since the zone enabled very modest people to become owner of their house and to gain access to a form of spaciousness. Zone and Zoniers were necessarily on the margins, the very expropriation process leading to great insecurity and an accelerated decay of the constructions, especially during the few months before the evacuation. If this disqualification was original because of the interdiction to build and implied a forced precariousness, both material and temporal, it grew during the interwar. Indeed, the population changed. « Newcomers » did not motivate the same discourses of protection than the « petits zoniers », at the beginning of the century. Besides, the development nearby, in the HBM of the fortification, of a planned and controled urbanity, contrasted deeply with the zoniers' way of life, judged non-urban or mis-urban. Thus, almost every rehousing policy, an essential problematic in the slums resorption, was abandonned because of the so-called inadequation of the zoniers to the city and to urban values, but also because of the financial cost
Tardieu, Claire. "Espaces de vie et identité au néolithique : approches spatiales des communautés lacustres du domaine circum-alpin". Paris 1, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA010701.
Testo completoRoufai, Mohamed Chakirou. "Environnement, santé publique et risques sanitaires liés à l’eau à Cotonou au Bénin : approches par modélisation et analyse spatiales". Thesis, Paris 4, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA040095.
Testo completoOur Ph.D. dissertation contributes to the analysis of the management of health risks associated with water in Cotonou, Benin through the implementation of a Geographic Information System (GIS). Pertaining to both physical and human geography, the topic of this dissertation is an integrated approach of nature and society interfaces. Going beyond the differences and dualistic approaches this dissertation has highlighted the interdependence between lifestyle and health. To achieve that objective, we put in context the dynamics of the changes in the biophysical environment of our study area (the city of Cotonou), we study its progression and regression over time, and assess the phenomena through several spatial and temporal perspectives.On the methodological level, Data Model based on the theories of the hypergraphs (Hypergraph Based Data Structure) and the sets methods are the most efficient ones for assessing spatial phenomena. GIS are compatible with that approach as they make it possible to map geographically data of different types and sources. Our contribution consists of two complementary research axes that are modeling and spatial analyses.The spatial modelling materializes in through of a conceptual model of the hypergraphs and the sets data adapted to the problem. The inclusion of spatial analysis in health studies is an emerging approach that allows for a comprehensive monitoring of the environment in order to fight against diseases. It also makes it possible to provide corrective changes related to epidemiological cycles. The distribution of diseases and health outcomes obtained through this exercise is greatly affected by where people live.We use space remote sensing to achieve our objectives. The data obtained from GIS brought new and interesting insights. Remote sensing has delineated the areas relevant to our research, to identify habitats for the development of parasites, and their development environments, infrastructure, etc.GIS has also made it possible to use data from observation tools to analyze the space changes taking place in the coastal town of Cotonou, to reflect the operation of systems using the space by the city dwellers. The facts and health risk areas were located and their spatial organization, detected through GIS technologies. The search for health-risk areas was conducted at multiple scales and the accuracy of the results depends strongly on the quality of data used
Guillon, Élodie. "Les arrière-pays des cités phéniciennes à l'époque héllénistique, IVe siècle - IIe siècle ap. J.-C : approches historiques et spatiales d'une aire géoculturelle". Phd thesis, Université Toulouse le Mirail - Toulouse II, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00991865.
Testo completoAnjum, Adeel. "Publication de données qui préserve la vie privée pour des données continues et dynamiques: Les approches d'indexation spatiales et de bucketization". Phd thesis, Université de Nantes, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00960547.
Testo completoGoval, Emilie. "Définitions, analyses et caractérisations des territoires des Néandertaliens au Weichsélien ancien en Franceseptentrionale (Approches technologiques et spatiales, élargissement au Nord-Ouest de l'Europe)". Phd thesis, Université des Sciences et Technologie de Lille - Lille I, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00387035.
Testo completoGoval, Émilie. "Définitions, analyses et caractérisations des territoires des Néandertaliens au Weichselien ancien en France septentrionale : (approches technologiques et spatiales des industries lithiques, élargissement au Nord-Ouest de l'Europe)". Thesis, Lille 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008LIL10103/document.
Testo completoThe settlement dynamics by the Neanderthal is beyond doubt one of the great topics of this decade. But once we start to talk of territory rather than modalities of occupation we open up such a vast field that we are at once confronted with the semantic vagueness of the word itself. lndeed the studies dealing with this subject matter have greatly widened over the last few years, if the number of works, conferences and books on the subject is anything to go by. Nevertheless, in the current state of research, the reconstruction of geographical spaces and their management by prehistoric man is still too often merely the result of analysis of the origin of the raw materials used. ln such studies, the framework fixed by the limits of the sites guiding choices of progression and itineraries for the Neanderthal seems to condition the territory. While in certain regions with varied materials a partial retracing of the arteries of communication and travel can be envisaged, the same cannot be said for the North of France. This study mainly tackles notions of territory, of modalities of occupation and of geographical spaces through human
Patin, Jérémy. "Approches de modélisation pour la partition ruissellement-infiltration à différentes échelles spatiales et temporelles : cas de la parcelle de Thies (Sénégal) et du bassin versant de Houay Pano (Laos)". Thesis, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011INPL033N/document.
Testo completoThis work deals with distributed modeling of runoff-infiltration processes in a natural environment. The response of complex natural systems is studied from local measurements, numerical investigations and distributed models. Experiments held in Thies, Senegal, on a 40m2 plot show that the heterogeneity of the surface put in the wrong classical friction laws (Manning, Darcy-Weisbach) of runoff models, because they underestimate high velocities. Two laws, taking physically or empirically into account the submersion of rugosity, are tested. In the Houay Pano catchment, we highlight from simulated rainfall experiments on 1m2 plots the effects of heterogeneities, mainly due to soil crusting and vegetation, on the spatially integrated runoff. We observed that the mean infiltration rate is dependent of the rainfall intensity and studied the effects of a statistical distribution of infiltrabilities on permanent and non-permanent infiltration. The exponential distribution of infiltrabilities appeared to be the best suited distribution. It is used to analyze spatial and temporal variability of runoff production in the catchment under natural rainfall, in order to obtain a per land use characterization of infiltration. Eventually, this simple but accurate model at the meter scale is implemented as a base pixel into a runoff-infiltration model at the sub-catchment scale (0.5 ha)
Lavoir, Anne-Violette. "Effet de la limitation en eau sur les émissions de composés organiques volatils chez le chêne vert (Quercus ilex) : approches expérimentales et modélisatrices à différentes échelles spatiales et temporelles". Montpellier 2, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008MON20070.
Testo completoBiogenic Volatile Organic Compounds (BVOC) are primarily emitted from plants and consist mainly of isoprenoid compounds. They influence the oxidative capacity and the radiative properties of the troposphere. BVOC emissions are diffuse (sources are represented by all natural landscapes), and variable because of the numerous environmental factors, particularly light and temperature that modulate the emission source strength. In Mediterranean regions, water availability represents a major environmental constraint for vegetation, which causes severe drought during summer and determines the annual pattern of the plant activity together with light and temperature. The objective of this thesis was to characterise the effect of water limitations on biogenic emissions at various temporal and spatial scales on the model species Quercus ilex. In an experimental approach, a strong decrease of the foliar emissions was observed during drought events, in association with dissociation of the temperature and light control on the emissions. The up-scaling of the experimental approach with modelling tools allowed to integrate this negative effect at larger spatial scales (namely canopy and region). As a result, emissions were largely overestimated if the water stress effect was not taken into account. The simulation obtained at regional scale is explicit and quantitative, thus could be used to predict biogenic emissions in the on-going global change context
Fillon, Romain. "Incertitudes climatiques". Electronic Thesis or Diss., université Paris-Saclay, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024UPASI014.
Testo completoI study climate uncertainties and their economic impacts. In the first chapter, we discuss the limitations and alternatives to the standard criteria for intertemporal social choice. While these criteria are well-suited for standard risks, their use should be reconsidered in the presence of irreversible regime-shift risks, such as climate tipping points, where the aggregate risk to the welfare of present and future generations is significant. Indeed, these models assume that the planner is risk-neutral regarding this aggregate risk. In contrast, we show that introducing risk aversion over time significantly increases the social cost of carbon (SCC) in the presence of irreversible catastrophic tipping-point risks. In the second chapter, we decompose the climate module of economic models to analyze and quantify how the dynamic interactions between global climate risk and climate subsystems affect global climate policy and the regional management of these subsystems. We apply our theoretical framework to the controversial fate of the Amazon rainforest. Our approach yields two key methodological insights. First, the SCC should include the impact that a marginal increase in cumulative global emissions has on the dynamics of the Amazon rain-forest. This includes scaling current policies to account for carbon emissions from the Amazon under a changing climate, as well as an insurance channel—the "Amazonian beta"—as the social value of carbon emissions varies according to the states of the world in which they occur. Second, the social value of the Amazon rainforest as a carbon stock cannot be reduced to the quantity of carbon it contains; the social cost of the dynamic system is also crucial, that is, the cost of a marginal decline in the state of the subsys-tem that reduces its capacity to persist. In the third chapter, we quantify the extent to which the spatial and temporal aggregation of temperature data in climate impact projections might obscure scientific uncertainties between climate projections and underestimate future climate damages. In the fourth chapter, I quantify the impact of biophysical channels (albedo, evapotranspiration, roughness) on the distribution and aggregate impacts of climate change on welfare along the Shared Concentration Pathway SSP2-4.5 at a global scale and at 1° resolution. These channels are endogenous to regional economic activities due to land-use changes from agriculture and urbanization, and they interact with adaptation strategies such as migration or structural change. Thus, my dissertation follows three directions: documenting the economic consequences of climate uncertainties, contributing methodologically to the study of uncertainty at the interface of human and natural systems, and enriching the literature on intertemporal normative social choice through numerical models used for quantification
Richez, Aurélien. "Perception spatiale et compétences motrice : approche développement et neuropsychologique". Thesis, Lille 3, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LIL30054/document.
Testo completoSpatial perception and motor skills : a developmental approach
Belarbi, Yacine. "Convergence régionale de l'emploi et dépendances spatiales : le cas de l'Algérie : approche par l'économétrie spatiale". Saint-Etienne, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009STETT094.
Testo completoIn the eighties, the failure of Algerian industrial development strategy generated a high level of industrial unemployment. The Algerian authorities then remodeled their economic strategy. They tried to promote private investment and to counterbalance inequalities between regions in order to reduce unemployment. The analysis of this thesis on determinants of industrial employment growth in a framework that includes a spatial dependency effect led us to question the efficiency of Algeria's economic policy during the period studied. The results of this thesis demonstrate that there is no convergence process between the Algerian regions. Nonetheless, a convergence club gathering the wilayates of Bordi-Bou-Arrerridj, M'Sila and Biskra appears when spatial heterogeneity of industrial employment growth is considered. Furthermore, the results of this thesis demonstrates that the hydrocarbon and the construction and public works sectors do not have externality effects on the dynamics of the local economy, particularly on local industrial employment growth
Bailleux, Christine. "Identification de formes ambigue͏̈s : approche différentielle des référentiels spatiaux d'orientation". Grenoble 2, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995GRE29022.
Testo completoThe aim of this work is to propose a new point of view of the reference frame theory. Cognitive psychologists and differential psychologists were interested in spatial reference frames but their points of view were rarely associated. This work tried to bring together reference frame theory and cognitive style of field-dependence-independence (fdi). The emphasis was placed on the necessity to take into account orientation and identification processing and individual differences in identification of ambiguous shapes. The general hypothesis was that the cognitive style influence the resolution of identification task when ambiguity was due ambiguous orientation. Field dependent subjects were dependent to visual reference both in identification and orientation tasks. The empirical results were analysed in two directions: the influence of visual context and the effect of modulation of postural balance. Results were congruent with theoretical hypotheses but a last research , concerned pop-out treisman's paradigm, led to re-analyse all the results in terms of visual-spatial attention theory and differential attentional demands
Didelon, Clarisse. "Le Monde comme territoire ; pour une approche renouvelée du Monde en géographie". Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université de Rouen, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00871654.
Testo completoBourdin, Jean-Philippe. "Approche numérique pour la conception de structures spatiales obtenues par formage revenu". Compiègne, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999COMP1219.
Testo completoHazem, Mohamed. "Disparités, interactions et convergence régionale en Inde : une approche par l'économétrie spatiale". Thesis, Aix-Marseille 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010AIX24016.
Testo completoIn this thesis, we have developed an algorithm for determining a new form of the spatial weight matrix that takes into account both the effects of spatial proximity and the idiosyncratic criteria of regional units. Thus, we propose a new approach for determining a stationary form of the Moran scatter plot in which we highlight the forms of steady state spatial associations and the conformity that can exist between the results arising out of this method and those obtained from the model of absolute convergence in a spatial framework. In another part of the thesis, we propose two new methods of determining the spatial regimes in the form of polarization and stratification. A new approach to the specification of spatial models which is based on the robustness of the Moran test in the detection of global spatial autocorrelation and the proper choice of the spatial weight matrix has also been proposed. We used the approach of Exploratory Spatial Data Analysis, Spatial Econometrics approach and methods we developed to explain the different forms of disparities, spatial interaction and regional convergence in India in terms of literacy rate at the national level for the entire population (Male and Female) and rural and urban level for all districts over the period 1991-2001. In the last part of the work, we develop a theoretical model of the determinants of literacy in India
Edoh-Alove, Djogbénuyè Akpé. "Proposition d'une nouvelle méthode de conception de cubes SOLAP exploitant des données spatiales vagues". Thesis, Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015CLF22566/document.
Testo completoSOLAP (Spatial On-Line Analytical Processing) systems support the online multi-dimensional analysis of a very large volume of data with a spatial reference. In these systems, the spatial vagueness is usually not taken into account, which can lead to errors in the SOLAP datacubes analyzes and interpretations end-users make. Although there are ad-hoc models of vague objects to manage the spatial vagueness, the implementation of these models in SOLAP systems is still in an embryonal state. In addition, the introduction of such models in SOLAP systems increases the complexity of the analysis at the expense of usability in many application contexts. In this thesis we propose to investigate the trail of a new approach that makes an appropriate compromise between the theoretical accuracy of the response to the spatial vagueness, the ease of implementation in existing SOLAP systems and the usability of datacubes provided to end users.The objectives of this thesis are to lay the foundations of a SOLAP datacube design approach where spatial vagueness management in itself is replaced by the management of risks of misinterpretations induced by the vagueness, to define the principles of a practical implementation of the approach and to demonstrate its benefits.The results of this thesis consist of a SOLAP datacube design approach where the risks of misinterpretation are considered and managed in an iterative manner and in line with the end users tolerance levels regarding those risks; formal tools namely a suitable UML (Unified Modeling Language) profile, multidimensional schemas transformation functions to help tailored the datacubes to end-users tolerance levels, and a formal process guiding such schemas transformation; verifying the feasibility of our approach in a computing context with the implementation of the approach in a CASE (Computed Aided Software Engineering) tool. Finally, we were able to validate that the approach provides SOLAP datacubes that are not only as comprehensible and thus usable as conventional datacubes but also datacubes where the spatial vagueness is not left out, with no effort to mitigate its impacts on analysis and decision making for end users
Papaconstantinou, Georgios. "Approches théoriques des modes d'organisation spatiale des architectures multimédias". Thesis, Paris 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA010657/document.
Testo completoThrough our personal involvement in the design of cultural multimedia projects we have developed a special interest in multimedia architectures, which are the subject of this text. The term “multimedia architectures” denotes three different axes: spatial architecture of screens and interfaces, architecture of the content organisation and the architecture of programming and navigation design. Analogies and relations can be established between the spatial organization and the program structure of the architectural project and the corresponding properties of a multimedia work. The cultural multimedia of the period 1990-2005 have been analysed with the aim of discovering innovative elements in the design of the graphical and interactive interface. These innovations represent new artistic programs and have contributed to the gradual emergence of a new language, specific to the digital space of interactive multimedia. A new habitus of artistic production has developed on the legacy of the old means of expression and on the assimilation of new media
Vernier, Marie-Pierre. "Traitement des relations spatiales catégorielles et coordonnées : approche neuropsychologique". Lyon 2, 2000. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/documents/lyon2/2000/vernier_mp.
Testo completoKosslyn (1987) hypothesized that coordinate and categorical visual spatial relations are computed by distinct subsystems. One deals with the relative positions between two elements such as above or below whereas the other deals with the metric distance between two elements. Several studies have provided evidence for this distinction by showing a left-hemisphere advantage (LH-A) for the processing of categorical spatial relations and a right-hemisphere advantage (RH-A) for the processing of coordinate spatial relations. However, some issues remained unresolved such as: 1) the cerebral localization of these subsystems; 2) the origin of the practice effect found in coordinate tasks demonstrated by the quick disappearance of the RH-A during the course of the experiment; and 3) the contribution of factors such as stimulus identification of the cerebral hemisphere asymmetry found for categorical and coordinate processing. To answer these questions, we conducted eight experiments: one of them used the functional magnetic resonance imaging method and the others the divided visual field method. Our results provided evidence that 1) categorical and coordinate spatial relations are encoded by two distinct subsystems, which are sustained by the left and the right angular gyrus, respectively; 2) the disappearance of the RH-A in coordinate tasks is probably due to the ability of the LH to divide the space into categorical sub-regions, which allows the LH to perform coordinate tasks as well as the RH; and 3) although stimulus identification is more important for categorical processing than for coordinate processing, it is not responsible alone for the cerebral hemisphere asymmetry found for categorical and coordinate processing
Brakchi, Souad. "Disparités socio-spatiales en Algérie : approche statistique et catographique". Aix-Marseille 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006AIX10019.
Testo completoVernier, Marie-Pierre Koenig Olivier. "Traitement des relations spatiales catégorielles et coordonnées approche neuropsychologique /". [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2000. http://demeter.univ-lyon2.fr/sdx/theses/lyon2/2000/vernier_mp.
Testo completoPapaïx, Julien. "Structure du paysage agricole et risque épidémique, une approche démo-génétique". Thesis, Paris, AgroParisTech, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011AGPT0056/document.
Testo completoAgriculture intensification has improved food production impressively in the past 50 years but this came with an increasing impact on the environment. In particular, modern agriculture has led to the simplification of the environmental structure over vast areas. As a consequence, agro-ecosystems are particularly susceptible to epidemics. The increase of crop genetic diversity is a promising way for reducing the risk of occurrence and development of diseases in crops but the technical and organisational conditions required to manage the genetic resources at this scale have not been established yet. This will require shifting the scale of crop protection investigations from the field to the agricultural landscape. In this PhD thesis we focus on landscape-scale processes and on the potential role of functional diversity in cultivated landscapes to better control plant diseases. We identified three questions: how does a pathogen population spread over a heterogeneous host landscape? How do pathogen genotypes compete in a diversified host population? And, in a longer term, how do pathogen populations evolve in response to host landscape structure? Each of these questions is investigated through the analysis of real data and the development of theoretical approaches. We demonstrate that the composition and the spatial structure of the host landscape greatly influence the pathogen population dynamics and evolution. The recommendations that this work could provide in order to practically manage the genetic resources will depend on the desired aim and will request further collaborative work withthe professional operators
Bernard, Arnaud. "Ondes de plaques guidées : approche temporelle et spatiale". Bordeaux 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000BOR12279.
Testo completoDucret, Raphaëlle. "Nouvelles organisations de la distribution urbaine des colis sur le dernier kilomètre : innover par une approche spatiale". Thesis, Paris, ENMP, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014ENMP0028/document.
Testo completoWith the spread of new technologies and the advent of economic and social changes, the volume of parcels has grown in France. Parcel deliveries in cities have similarly experienced an important increase. Deliveries have become more and more complex because of changing client patterns, urban constraints and cities' concerns for sustainability. The growing complexity of the ‘last mile' delivery poses economic, organizational, environmental and political challenges to parcel providers. Putting the spatial organization of cities back at the heart of the creation of new logistics organizations and integrating spatial studies to urban logistics techniques and tools, in particular in modelling, can be means of innovation. Until now spatial studies have been largely under-used in UF. This study will provide an in-depth analysis of the relationships between urban spatial organization, urban form and UF. Based on those results, the thesis provides the first elements of a spatial urban freight modelling approach. The modelling approach will enable the creation of a decision support tool able to identify homogeneous urban zones based on urban form, economic and political characteristics in order to offer the most suitable delivery solution to each zone of a city
Domingo, Mathieu. "Modélisation de structures habitées à partir d'une approche de graphe". Thesis, Brest, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016BRES0121/document.
Testo completoUnderstanding the spatial organization of a given territory generates a wide range of urban planning and research issues such as the distribution and properties of buildings, parcels and roads, and the relevance of it in terms of uses. The research developed by this thesis model the structuring of space, this being one of the first steps towards a better characterization, study, interpretation and simulation of the evolution of such objects.The structuring of space relies on the characterization of the spatial relationships between remarkable elements: buildings, parcels and road networks. Since existing models do not combine these elements, this thesis proposes a graph model that integrates all of them. The nodes represent buildings, parcels, and roads respectively, and the arcs correspond to the topological connection relationships, adjacency or intersection, of these elements.In order to quantify the properties that emerges from a given territory, a building centrality measure, a building local connectivity measure, a building density measure and a road network compactness measure have been proposed and formalized. These measures adapt to the rural, peri-urban and urban contexts thanks to the parameters that allow to adjust, scale of observation, and analysis. The model and measures proposed are implemented in the relational database management system PostgreSQL with PostGIS extension. The application on a case study, the village of Guisseny, makes the proposed graph model operational and allows to examine the spatial structuring analytical capacities of each measure
Rey, Benjamin. "Résilience systémique d’un territoire composé d’activités essentielles suite à une perturbation majeure – Approches systémique et spatiale". Thesis, Saint-Etienne, EMSE, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015EMSE0781/document.
Testo completoToo many dramatic events occurred over the last ten years have demonstrated the severity and extent of impacts that territories may be confronted with. Damages to critical infrastructures may have a variety of downfall disturbing effects, which can lead territories and society into a huge crisis. Interdependency between these essential activities on the one hand, and between these activities and the population on the other hand, increases their vulnerability. This thesis presents a methodology to better assess direct and indirect impacts of a major disturbance. The issue is addressed from a multi-activity perspective, to take into account territories complexity.In the first stage, a territory is modeled using existing interdependency links between essential activities and the population. The methodology then identifies, based on a defined initial event, possible propagation scenarios and their consequences on services “users”. Finally, this simulation gives an assessment of the territory stakes resilience. This works provides a decision-making tool for the development of activity continuity plans, or risk assessment and mitigation policies
Juhel, Jacques. "Traitement de l'information visuelle et aptitudes spatiales : approche cognitive et différentielle". Rennes 2, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988REN20012.
Testo completoIn the first part of this work, we draw the typical stages of the visual information processing and try to show the part of the "encoding opportunities" in the visualization of the corresponding mental representation. We therefore examine the limited capacity of short term visual memory and visual code's sensitivity to presentation's type (successive vs simultaneous). A set of experimental studies using the visual comparison's paradigm are described in the second chapter; they inspect independence and complementarity of internal codes, activated in the post-iconic processing of information. We develop the problem of knowledge representation (propositional vs analogic) and study it experimentally by means of different paradigm (visual synthesis and mental transformation). In the third chapter of this thesis we make out the assessment of the factorial studies on spatial abilities: promising prospects of cognitive and differential approach are recalled. In this context, the last experiment try to understand the differences between individual performance measured by psychometric tests and the one reflected by visual memory tasks
Juhel, Jacques. "Traitement de l'information visuelle et aptitudes spatiales approche cognitive et différentielle /". Lille 3 : ANRT, 1988. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37614580d.
Testo completoRedon, Mathilde. "Biodiversité potentielle dans les forêts du Vercors : une approche hiérarchique pour la conservation des espaces forestiers". Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00682041.
Testo completoDrevon, Guillaume. "Mobilité quotidienne et stratégies d’adaptation spatio-temporelles des ménages : une approche comparée des espaces transfrontaliers et non frontaliers des métropoles luxembourgeoises et grenobloises". Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016GREAH011/document.
Testo completoThe dominant residential model frequently implies living at a distance from the workplace. Economists, geographers and sociologists have shown the consequences of such a residential choice in terms of economic costs, modal choice, environmental impacts and the socio-spatial distribution of populations. The spatial-temporal approach presented here, which has been relatively little studied until now, aims to put into perspective the different ways in which long daily journey-to-work movements are managed, notably through programming activities. It examines the spatial-temporal equation of families who have to reconcile and articulate the different spheres of daily life (work, family, journeys) in situations where time-budgets are under severe strain due to the distances involved. This research is based on the gene- ral hypothesis that the solution to this equation requires putting into place social-spatial strategies and regular adjustments, both within households and within the close social and spatial environment. The daily mobility of Luxembourg’s frontier workers, characterised by long journey-to-work movements and the crossing of a state border, represents a relevant case for analysis, where the separation between places of work and residence takes on particular and accentuated forms. Although frontiers are tending to disappear within the Schengen area, the research hypothesises that borders retain an organisational influence on the daily routines of frontier workers. The heuristic analysis grid is based on the link between experiences and perceptions from which spatial-temporal associations emerge and correspond with particular spatial life-styles. The first level of analysis which considers spatial behaviour of all Luxem- bourg frontier workers, shows strong links with the place of residence and the constrained organisation of activities based on short distances. A comparison with the spatial-temporal behaviour patterns of non-frontier workers at Voiron (part of the Grenoble metropolitan area) confirms these results and demonstrates that the activities of frontier workers take place to a greater extent around the home. The qualitative analysis points to a particularly difficult lifestyle with tensions between family and professional lives. The time-distance involved can be supported if it is associated with other forms of proximity (spatial, social or family-related). Faced with such a lifestyle, differentiated strategies of adaptation are implemented by house- holds, based on temporal, economic and social resources in association with the neighbouring environment. In these spatially determined metropolitan life patterns, the associations between social proximity and work distances create a system. Borders remain a major organisational element in daily patterns of life due to the importance of the distance between places of work and residence and the persistence of complex perceptions of neighbouring country
Grison, Elise. "Planifier et choisir un itinéraire en milieu urbain : approches plurielles d'un problème cognitif". Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015USPCB200/document.
Testo completoRoute planning is an everyday task performed when we want to travel. Even though it is a routine task, researches in problem-solving and spatial cognition domains have revealed that various strategies and cognitive resources are involved (e.g. working memory, spatial abilities, and executives' functions). Some models have been proposed to explain the formation of travel plans. They usually describe the planning process into different stages with or without competition between strategies (Gärling, Säisä, Böök & Lindberg, 1986, Cuntini, Di Fernando, Basso, Bisiacchi & Zorzi, 2008). More ecological studies, i.e. in real situations, have shown the implication of additional factors such as selection criteria, personal and contextual variables. To date however, few studies have taken an interest on the route planning using public transport, even though promote these modes is necessary considering environmental concerns and saturation of traffic in large cities. A question is whether planning and choice processes are modified due to special features of public transports (various modes and changes of modes) and which are the cognitive, psycho-social and contextual factors involved. To answer this question, we conducted four studies to investigate different dimensions of public transport planning activity using various methodologies and paradigms as eye-tracking (study 1), interview (study 2), two alternatives forced-choice (study 3) and virtual reality (study 4). The outcomes of these studies are that the route planning from a network map is a two-step process which becomes more complex with the number of changes of lines (study 1). The analyses of users' experience (study 2) and of different simulations (studies 3 and 4) show that the route choice depends both on the context and the user's profile (spatial abilities, preferences, attitudes, etc.). Results allow us to propose recommendation to better adapt assistance depending on various users profiles, in order to favour the use of public transports. Finally, on the theoretical side, our studies highlight that taking into account only the cognitive facet to build route-planning models is not sufficient, while considering different users' profiles provides a more complete picture of the processes involved
Frémond, Maxime. "Une approche normative de l'aménagement au Luxembourg : évaluation par la simulation". Thesis, Besançon, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015BESA1025/document.
Testo completoIn Luxembourg, daily mobility patterns of both cross-border workers and residents lead to a strong car dependance. This process encourages urban sprawl. Meanwhile the country is faced to increasing housing needs but has to reduce land consumption. Within this context, the main objective of this thesis is to throw light about the relation between residential growth patterns and daily mobility behaviors. In this way, a normative planning approach has been adopted. This approach proposes new planning norms for achieving a series of planning objectives. Quantitative rules are the tools used to apply the norms.Three steps has been done: i) conception of residential growth scenarios for 2030. By applying a fractal rule, we obtain realistic residential development patterns ; ii) spatial simulation of residential growth scenarios, with the MUP-City platform and iii) assessment of simulated spatial con¬gurations regarding both the spatial accessibility to rural and urban amenities (GIS calculations) and the sustainability of daily mobility behaviors (simulations with the MobiSim platform).In most of the scenarios, spatial accessibility to a various range of facilities (retails, services, green spaces, leisures and public transport stations) is increased compared to the initial state observed in 2010. Simulated daily mobility, by taking into account individual behaviors of agents in the model, con¬rms the interest of the proposed scenarios. The modal share of car use, which was 70% in 2010, decreases in all cases. It reaches 58% in 2030 for one scenario. Simultaneously, the distances and the time-budget of pedestrians strongly raise.This doctoral research shows the interest of a normative approach applied to spatial planning issues, particularly in terms of residential development. The results obtained also underline the interest of fractals for modelling urban forms, both at local (neighborhood, municipality) and global (urban region) scales
Putois, Benjamin. "L’étude du traitement des relations spatiales visuelles : approche dynamique des capacités cognitives". Thesis, Lyon 2, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009LYO20035/document.
Testo completoThe computational-functional conception of high-level processing of vision in Kosslyn and Koenig (1992) relies on dissociation between object recognition and spatial processing. In 1987, Kosslyn postulated that two different processes compute spatial-relations: categorical process computes relative position of objects and coordinate process computes the distance between objects. Some studies indicate a left-hemisphere advantage for processing categorical spatial relations and a right-hemisphere advantage for processing coordinate spatial relations. This hemispheric difference is interpreted as an evidence of a dichotomy between these two processes. A pluridisciplinary review was conducted to assure that single process hypothesis is dismissed out. Some studies showed, in a coordinate task, that practice resulted in a decreased right-hemisphere involvement and a concurrent increase in left-hemisphere involvement (i.e., practice effect). Furthermore, the left-hemisphere advantage in categorical was seldom observed. The theoretical aim of the thesis was based on two questions: (1) Are there single or several processes encoding visual spatial relations? (2) How can we interpret this practice effect ?Five experiments were run to verify possible bias which might explain observed hemispheric differences and practice effect. Our results suggested that hemispheric communication might be an important factor in spatial-relation processing.An theoretical investigation of divided visual field paradigm was led and several interhemispheric models were described. Three experiments were conducted to estimate hemispheric communication in spatial-relation process. In the light of our results, separate categorical-coordinate processes hypothesis were discussed
Chevriaux, Yann. "Une approche qualitative spatiale pour une description sémantique des reliefs". Phd thesis, Université Rennes 1, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00315651.
Testo completoNous cherchons à décrire une silhouette - i.e., une coupe de terrain ou la séparation terre/ciel à l'horizon - selon la perception que peut en avoir un observateur. Nous introduisons un modèle, fondé sur une approche qualitative, qui consiste à décrire une silhouette par une séquence de symboles signifiants. L'utilisateur ayant la possibilité de définir ses propres catégories, le modèle possède la capacité de s'adapter à différents contextes.
L'originalité de notre modèle repose dans la méthode de détection des formes significatives. Nous nous ecartons volontairement des méthodes numériques généralement utilisées dans les systèmes de détection ou de reconnaissance de forme. Nous considérons que la perception d'une forme particulière de relief est contingente de la perception de saillances, définies ici comme des points qualitativement remarquables. La description d'une silhouette inclut les relations topologiques qui relient les formes de relief détectées. Afin de tenir compte de l'imprécision des frontières des formes de relief, nous proposons une extension de la méthode 9-intersection. Les relations méréologiques, quant à elles, nous sont utiles pour dériver des représentations à différents niveaux d'abstraction.
Nous avons implanté le modèle en Java. Le prototype réealisé permet de définir des catégories, d'analyser des silhouettes, de déterminer les relations topologiques qui lient les formes détectées et d'obtenir une description à différents niveaux d'abstraction.
Cette thèse a bénéficié du soutien financier de la Région Bretagne.
Origo, Nadia. "Approche socio-spatiale de la réhabilitation des sites industriels pollués". Thesis, Paris 4, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA040181/document.
Testo completoThe socio-space approach of the rehabilitation of the polluted industrial sites is based on two supports of analysis: environmental components and the executive framework. This study, which relates primarily to France, made it possible to emphasize the major failures of an operation of rehabilitation of site, generally reduced to two factors: costs and techniques of depollution. This approach stresses that there is a dimension of the rehabilitation of the sites, which should be considered. It is a question of considering it, since depollution until the reuse of a site. It led starting from the Total site of Vendin-le-Vieil and other sites taken in example to expose some direct orientations, which would channel the useful and durable reuse of a site from its environmental immediate and of the executive context into force. These orientations led to the development of a model diagram tested on the boubiers of flaring of l’Ile Mandji in Gabon (Central Africa). The objective in the long term is to consider the design of a Socio-space System of Management of the Sites and Sols Polluted
Tientao, Aligui. "Commerce international, innovation et interdépendance : une approche par l'économétrie spatiale". Thesis, Dijon, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015DIJOE003/document.
Testo completoThis thesis studies the consequences for innovation of international trade allowing for spatial interdependence. Indeed, the mechanisms through which international trade affects innovation are based on highlighting factors that, because they are the source of increasing returns, represent real engines of the growth. Yet, the accumulation process of these factors depends on effects which are constraints in space .First, trade flows by which technology is supposed to transmit between countries are interdependent. Second, the results highlighted in existing literature capture only the direct effect of trade on innovation. However, it is possible that a country benefits technology from an another country without any trade between the two countries. It seems convenient to revise the relation between international trade and innovation in the context of spatial interdependence. Based on endogenous growth models, we derive two spatial structural models in order to take into account spatial interdependence. The empirical analysis of spatial models revealed that in addition to traditional variables such as R&D and human capital, externalities contribute strongly to productivity growth and these externalities are especially important for low-income countries. Regarding competition, the effects are mixed. Trade liberalization, by increasing competition, promotes innovation in developped countries. However, it reduces innovation in low-income countries
Bouda, Florence. "Ecarts de performance dans des tâches spatiales de verticale et d'horizontale : Approche développementale". Montpellier 3, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997MON30007.
Testo completoWe have analysed the influence of perceptive, representative and moteur factors in the evaluation of performances in horizontal and vertical spacial tasks (organising and monitoring). The coordination between these factors depends on the type of experimental device and on the children's age. This coordination may originate differences in performance. It is known that the fact of changing a number of characteristics in a task, such as the instructions given to the children or the materials tends to alter the results (performances) of the children. Based on the previous studies of piaget and inhelder (1947) on the horizontal and vertical tasks, we have carried out experiences with two types of devices : a "concrete" device, with real bowls and a mountain model : and a graphic one (drawing representing the real bowls and the mountain model). By changing the conditions in which these exercices took place (with and without a blinfold), we have analysed the part played by some factors in the children's performance. In our analysis, we concentrated on the representation of the task (in the determination of the performance). Results show that both the type of device and the conditions in which these exercises took place have an effect on the representation of the representation of the task and entail difference in performance. The performances from the concrete experience are globally better than those of drawing one. Differences in performance are more significant with children aged 7 to 8. An analysis of the properties of these differences allows to distinguish differences due to the characteristics of the structure - children manage to forget about these effects - and "real" differences - children cannot avoid these effects. These results show the significance of visual datas for the monotoring of the results. Without visual datas, ie. With a blindfold, the children's performances improve. As a conclusion, the results are discussed considering the different conditions and factors (perceptive, representative and motor) which influence the execution of the tasks. Key words : differences in performance, perception, representation, space, development
Melo, De Lima Christelle. "Développement d'une approche markovienne pour l'analyse de l'organisation spatiale des génomes". Phd thesis, Université Claude Bernard - Lyon I, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00011674.
Testo completoMolero, Rodenas Beatriz Molero. "Différence d'échelle spatiale entre les mesures satellitaires et in situ d'humidité du sol : analyse par des approches spatio-temporelles". Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017TOU30264/document.
Testo completoSoil moisture is an essential climate variable that is globally monitored with the help of satellite borne microwave instruments. The accuracy of satellite soil moisture estimations is assessed by direct comparison to in situ measurements. While satellite estimates have a resolution ranging between 30 and 100 km, in situ sensors typically measure over an area of a few centimetres (point resolution). This spatial scale mismatch between satellite and in situ soil moisture estimates impairs the validation process and the respective summary statistics to an extent that is not currently known. This thesis aims at improving the knowledge of the spatial scale mismatch, as well as providing methods for its assessment applicable to any validation area. To this end, the connection between the SM spatial and time scales was investigated. Modelled and measured soil moisture series at different regions of the globe were decomposed into time scales ranging from 0.5 to 128 days, using wavelet transforms. The spatial representativeness of the point measurements was then assessed, on a per time scale basis, with 4 different approaches: temporal stability analysis, triple collocation, the percentage of correlated areas (CArea) and a new approach that uses wavelet- based correlations (WCor). Moreover, one of the components of the mismatch, the sampling uncertainty, has been assessed separately with bootstrap and Monte Carlo simulations of point-support series. It was found that the average of the spatial representativeness values tends to increase with the time scales but so does their dispersion. This implies that some stations had large representativeness areas at seasonal scales, while others do not. At sub-weekly scales, all stations exhibited very small representativeness areas. Finally, the sampling uncertainty has been observed to have a considerable impact on satellite validation statistics
Alvernhe, Alice. "Codage de la topologie de l'espace dans l'hippocampe : approches comportementale et électrophysiologique". Aix-Marseille 1, 2010. http://theses.univ-amu.fr.lama.univ-amu.fr/2010AIX11019.pdf.
Testo completoMuÑoz-Meléndez, Angélica. "Coopération située : une approche constructiviste de la conception de colonies de robots". Paris 6, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA066460.
Testo completoDe, Lima Gomes Rodrigues Wirla Branca. "La représentation spatiale en portugais et dans les langues romanes : étude contrastive des démonstratifs et adverbes de lieu afférents : approches diachronique, synchronique et comparative". Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016AIXM3090/document.
Testo completoPortuguese grammars set as a ternary system of demonstratives, but in the effective use of language we observe a tendency to install a binary system in both European and Brazilian Portuguese. The forms of 1st and 2nd person are neutralized in opposition to the forms of 3rd person, in the paradigm of determinants as well as in the paradigm of pronouns. In this study, we analyze the use of demonstratives and adverbs of place in a corpus of graphic novels of Brazilian Portuguese and European Portuguese. Our main objective is to verify if there are different forms of coding the dimensions of space and person in these two varieties. This work is aligned with Guillaume's psychosystématique concerning the representation of space and the formal differences in the manner how speakers represent themselves as persons. Our main hypothesis is that possible differences in the use of demonstrative forms reflect different orientation of mental operations adopted by Portuguese and Brazilian speakers. The two varieties represented oral Portuguese have neutralizations compromising the distinction among three referential domains: the 1st person, the 2nd person and the 3rd person. However, this trend appears differently in each variety especially in relation to the determinant demonstratives. While Brazilian Portuguese generalizes the form of second person esse, European Portuguese generalizes the 1st person form este. Furthermore, we show that the referential strengthening through reinforced sequences with adverbials of place, more frequent in Brazilian Portuguese, creates discursive oppositions that go beyond the reconstruction of a ternary division of geographical space
Sol, Puig Francisca. "Le morphème spatial "y" en espagnol ancien : approche sémantique". Thesis, Paris 3, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA030082/document.
Testo completoThe adverbial pronoun y vanished from Old Spanish at the end of the XVth century. It survived, however, in the signs hay, soy, estoy, doy et voy. The purpose of the present doctoral dissertation is to explain why the pronoun as such disappeared , in the first place, and why, on the other hand, it did survive in the five above-mentioned verbal forms. The present work is comprised of two sections. The first one analyses the stematic morpheme y, a task which implies studying the system of spatial representations. The second one deals with the verbal forms containing this same morpheme in astematic form and this in turn implies a semantic approach of existential verbs. Every language generates its own system of spatial representation, depending on how its users perceive the world. In Spanish, two different systems were available to the medieval speakers: one represented by the anaphoric elements y and ende, the other one represented by the deictic words aquí, acá, ahí, allí, allá, acullá, aquende and allende. These two systems were harbouring two different conceptualizations of space. In the first system, y signifies space as a whole. The second one, on the contrary, splits the space in relation to the EGO as SPEAKER and to the locus of that EGO. The semiology of the five verbal forms delineates a specific set of elements, the signifiers of which are marked by -y and whose general consistency is based on the semantesis of existential verbs. The hypothesis presented in the present work runs contrary to the subduction theory, advocated in particular by Maurice Molho, which explains the coalescence in the first four verbal forms through an analogy with hay
Petit, Mathieu. "Approche spatiale pour la caractérisation du contexte d'exécution d'un système d'information ubiquitaire". Phd thesis, Paris, ENSAM, 2010. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00511919.
Testo completoLe, Gallo Julie. "Disparités géographiques et convergence des régions européennes : une approche par l'économétrie spatiale". Phd thesis, Université de Bourgogne, 2002. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00006432.
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