Tesi sul tema "Apprentissage – Pédagogie"
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Bru, Marc. "Vers une théorie du système enseignement-apprentissage : de la pratique aux modèles". Toulouse 2, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987TOU20079.
Testo completoSeparately considered, teached knowledges, teaching methods and learning behaviors can't account for the specificity and the complexity of the pedagogic situations, built up on scientific and too punctual data base or inversly on too general paradigms, available theories don't arrive to remove a double confusion : confusion among theorization levels, confusion among normative prescriptive function and descriptive explanatory function of the research. Reflexion-controlled on a singular itinerary linking the practice to the research, a critical review from works realized by different authors shows it's necessary to give itself new theorectic means. If the didactic research is interested in the study of teaching act in its relation to the learning act, a theory of teaching learning must be built up. Then the proposition of a systemic model is formulated. This theoretic support notably imposes the renunciation of the teaching method notion for the benefit of the one of didactic variety. The latter allows to study how teaching can be an answer to subjective and objective needs of students
Taurisson, Alain. "La pédagogie de l'activité, un nouveau paradigme ? : de l'intention à la réalisation pédagogique". Lyon 2, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005LYO20082.
Testo completoWe will first offer an analysis, from a basis of "management of plans" stemming from artificial intelligence, of what we call "interactive teaching". This modelling process allows us to interpret the rather unchanging aspect which seems to characterize interactive teaching to be the result from its very structure. Then, we focused our attention on "the theory of activity" as Y. Engerström words it (Center for Activity Theory and Developmental Work Research, Helsinki) which integrates Vygotski's works, as well as those of Leontiev and Luria. From these works a systemic model comes out, what is called "activity". Learning is a human activity. A such it should be possible to analyse it using the same criteria as we would for any other human activity. Furthermore, learning practice has its own specifications which make it impossible to simply and strictly apply the general theory of activity. As a result, a pedagogy of activity can hold only if it defines concepts of its own. In this respect we will offer conceptual elements which state learning practice within a theory of human activity. Such an approach would somehow change the place of the teacher's role : it would set him free from their immediate managing of his class and it would provide him with a range of offer of mediations more in keeping with the true difficulties his students may meet while learning. Could it possibly create a new paradigm? The pedagogy of activity, so it seems, can offer a frame for both practice and research. Whether this frame will be accepted or not is another matter
Gaté, Jean-Pierre. "Gestion mentale et apprentissage du lire- écrire vers une pédagogie phénoménologique". Lyon 2, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993LYO20009.
Testo completoKrouri, Malika. "Pédagogie interculturelle et apprentissage de la lecture : étude dans deux cours préparatoires". Toulouse 2, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988TOU20051.
Testo completoThe results of the valuation of crosscultural education experimented in second and third level preschool, have incited us to continu our research. We think that crosscultural education win over behaviours in the pupils which can aid the reading's learning. To value the crosscultural's part, we study for one year two groups of first grade pupils of primary school. This study reflects better results in the group who has benefited of the crosscultural education. We find this superiority in the calculated results and in the relations in the group. We think that the learner arrives in a state of "well being" that has positive consequences in the apprehension reading. The conclusion is that the pupil's level can be increased and improved by a crosscultural intervention
Wittmann, Hélène. "Théorie et pratiques de la pédagogie de soutien". Rouen, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995ROUEL208.
Testo completoThis research aims at describing a specific pedagogy : the remedial strategies. From a theoretical point of view, the study of official programmes published by the ministry of the education enables us to define the remedial strategies and to create a grid of analysis which be used as leading thread throughout the study. Besides, other means of helping pupils in diffioulty have bean created by the ministry, aiming at the same purpose. In the official texts three pedagogical trends appear (the activity method, the behavioural objectioves method, the differentiation pedagogy). Thus the twentytwo measures completing or including the remedial strategies have to be studied, as well as the six pedagiogies (the three above-mentioned and the non directive pedagogy, the traditional pedagogy, the mastery learming). Two series of interviews deal with the practical probles : headmasters and teachers have been asked questions on this suject so as to prove the "life" or "death" of the remedical strategies, analyse where they are applied, how they work. Finally, a practical experience which launched the argument is analysed at the end of the study to situate our own attempts in a classroom, in comparison with the theoretical reflexions, to inderstand and to give our own definition of the remedial strategies
Sébastien, Georges. "Apprentissage collectif à distance, SPLACH : un environnement informatique support d'une pédagogie de projet". Phd thesis, Université du Maine, 2001. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/edutice-00000207.
Testo completoGeorge, Sébastien. "Apprentissage collectif à distance : splash : un environnement informatique support d'une pédagogie de projet". Le Mans, 2001. http://cyberdoc.univ-lemans.fr/theses/2001/2001LEMA1016.pdf.
Testo completoDel'Guidice, Jacques. "Evaluation-régulation et apprentissage de transferts : construction de situations d'apprentissage à l'école élémentaire". Aix-Marseille 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996AIX10100.
Testo completoThe aim of the present work is to show how pupils can appropriate, activate and re-use their school-knowledge in their last year of the primary school (formerly known as CM2). Through the theoretical work three major concepts have appeared : learning, evaluation and transfer, as well as their interrelation in a practical prospect of learning-teaching projects. An experiment in the classes was then organized to test in pedagogic sequences, hypotheses on learning of transfer, starting from an evaluation-regulation approach. To tackle the complexity of the field and infer the processes of the pupils'learning from the observation of their strategies, we have resorted to a mixed methodology, keeping in mind the necessity of having a wide range of points of view : qualitative analyses through the sequences, quantitative analyses of the final results, clinical analytic work on six pupils. Once synthesized, the results enable us : - to suggest a new organisation of the concept-field related to the re-use of knowledge : transfer becomes a process both of conveying knowledge and generating new learning skills ; - to point out a few practical references for the teacher ; - to raise new questions, new tracks for further research
Pillot, Jacqueline. "Informatique et premiers apprentissages". Paris 5, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA05H041.
Testo completoThis work is a contribution to a better knowledge of the computer help for very young children education. The study relates to anticipation, logical sequences, action planning and clue location. Being a mediation tool, computer allows varying situations with well defined constants and persistent problem type. Experiments have been carried out during 3 years with 352 children using 3 specific programs. Each class is divided in two groups: the experimental one uses computer while the check sample one have traditional courses. Various tests are used on the way to evaluate the children capacities. Computer appears like a complementary tool which is accepted by most children. Watching attitudes, anticipation behaviour, plan drawing-up are observed while children of these ages naturally have a trial error behaviour. Fonctionnal speech promote acting and rationality. Exchange and interaction between children are made easier by the didactic situation isolation. Statistic analysis of recorded data and children look out prove ability transfert to non-informatic activities. Computer activities are set up like the educator's pedagogical mind and appears as a complementary tool for children educational process
Brassat, Emmanuel. "Education, apprentissage et connaissance : la formation des idées pédagogiques". Thesis, Paris 10, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA100030/document.
Testo completoSince the beginning of human sciences at the end of the eighteenth century, scientific pedagogy and psychology were founded conjointly around questions of the development and learning activity in childhood. The ideas of activity, development and learning have allowed to establish the empiricist hypothesis of a psychogenesis of mental faculties that would be proven naturally by the successive phases of childhood. The movements of New Education, stemming from the philosophical and pedagogical theses expounded in Rousseau’s Emile in 1762 have provided the ideal of a negative education founded on the activity of the child as spontaneous expression of his vital and spiritual forces with its practical dimension. It is in the intertwinent of a metaphysics of activity, a liberal and humanist conception of education, an emancipatory rationality, and pedagogical psycho-physiological perpectives marked increasingly by evolutionism and utilitarianism, that the principal paradigms of contemporary pedagogies were born : sensualist, vitalist, pragmatic, functionalist, and finaly constructivist. In the vein of M. Foucault this thesis proposes an archeological and genealogical analysis of the philosophical and epistemological apparatus or ”dispositives” that, converging and diverging, made the formation of these pedagogies possible. It seems that Rousseau did not only write the program of their deployment, but also anticipated the contradictions that the latter would encounter during the subsequent institutional crisis of modernity
Aumont, Bernadette, e Pierre-Marie Mesnier. "Entreprendre, chercher, conditions de l'acte d'apprendre". Paris 5, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA05H034.
Testo completoWhat is necessary in order to establish a relationship between a "learner" and an object to be learned about, so that for the learner, it becomes an object of knowledge? Learning is a process, the efficiency of which depends upon two dimensions : "enterprise" and "research". Enterprise gives the learner the possibility to think of and to carry out, in an autonomous fashion, a finalized project with concrete objectives, and research is the free activity of exploration, contemplation and construction, which results in an object of knowledge. A series of meetings with 21 researchers and business professionals, has enabled us, through their expert discussions, to identify the determining elements of the processes which they employ and their intensive learning effects. The discovery of strong relationships between the three processes of enterprise, research, and learning, allows us to draw from this inter-relationship a pedagogical model which is verified elsewhere in three current training mechanisms. What we perceive at the beginning as being a contradiction between the two poles of enterprise and research, institutes in the learner, a stimulating dialectic between practice and theory
Leclercq, Patrick. "Prospective pour une pédagogie de l'enseignement du vécu sensoriel manuel". Rouen, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ROUEL015.
Testo completoRouaud, Tanguy. "Didactique et non-philosophie". Paris 10, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA100044.
Testo completoThe teaching and learning of philosophy are hindered by its self-referential structure. Even when it strives to think of external, marginal or other matters, it cannot help asserting its identity though it only grasps it by distinguishing it from what surrounds and rivals it. Most of the time, it mixes up identity and singularity, which is why it has always singled out as its theme the surroundings it is supposed to emerge from, and in return, it can only apprehend its source and outcome, that is to say reality, in so far as it dwells in it and even occupies it. Philosophy cannot exist without this preliminary circularity which at the same time is only an appearance, the substance and inescapability of which exist only in philosophy. In other words, even that very circle can only be imagined because the authority of philosophy is asserted from the start. Learning to philosophize means admitting from the start that pre- and extra- philosophical concepts can already be structured philosophically, that is to say determined according to the future achievement of philosophy. It is not a mere retrospective illusion, but a crucial and functional characteristic of thinking intended both as a precise and particular practice and beyond any particular practice. It is the case when philosophy claims to be ethical, political, dialogical – but it also concerns didactics as soon as it claims to define a particular skill while more or less explicitly laying down the rules of the other forms of knowledge. This trait is especially exacerbated in the teaching of philosophy. The “non-philosophie” developed by François Laruelle provides the opportunity to rethink the identity of philosophy without linking it with that of other subjects and simultaneously to restore the autonomy of each practice, including didactics which can then be considered apart from the epistemological, communicational and pedagogical schemata philosophy imposes from the start
Deloffre, Guy. "Pédagogie de la Négociation Commerciale : Etude des représentations chez les étudiants et propositions pour une rénovation pédagogique". Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LORR0048/document.
Testo completoTeaching business negotiation is a relatively recent activity. Research about this activity study the methods used, the contents transmitted, student activities, the role of the teacher ; research about students knowledge as one of the variables of the process are scarce.The work presented in this thesis studies the representations of negotiation among students. Its goal is to identify implicit knowledge and previous representations, in order to make proposals for some improvement in a negotiation module : what do students know when they know nothing ?Public studied are freshmen and last year students from a business school, and adults with a professional experience. The method used for the study is the written story-telling, and the content of the stories is analyzed using the Alceste software (qualitative analysis).Between 2008 and 2011, 301 stories from freshmen, 31 stories of third-year students and 52 stories of adults were collected and analyzed with Alceste. The Alceste analysis reveals seven different classes of representations for the students and three classes for adults. We have grouped these collective representations into three conceptual sets in for the students, and three different sets for the adults.Analysis of stories and corresponding representations between the first year and third year shows an increase in reflexivity of students, more than improvement of their performance in negotiation.Following this analysis, we propose several course scenarios (in business negotiations) ; we organize the knowledge units to be transmitted and the methods to do so, by using previous representations of students and adults.When previous knowledge is partially present, self-learning or a simple recall can be used. When previous knowledge is missing or incomplete, a more complex approach, made of formal contributions, practical exercises, individual or group work allowing learning outside the classroom must be used.In all cases, strong emphasis is put on the student's reflexivity about his own thinking and practices. This work also leads to some reflections about a complete curriculum of business education in a business school : several courses (sales, negotiation, etc.) delivered by several teachers, can then be organized together in order to build coherence in teaching business
Assaad, Manal. "Le rôle culturel de la publicité dans l’enseignement/apprentissage du français langue étrangère". Rennes 2, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005REN20016.
Testo completoOmnipresent in our daily environments, publicity is full of cultural references alluding to diverse aspects of the given society. As a means of communication, publicity offers a multidimensional support that is purposely in concordance with its time period. Regarding the institutional field of schools, it genders teaching/learning methods that allow pedagogical experiments and innovations. As a means of cultural communication, publicity also seems to be a limitless reservoir of creative linguistic and para-linguistics formulas which allow realistic contact with current cultural habits and contexts. The first part offers a browse of the main issues linked to the teaching of French as a foreign language, thereby setting a coherent didactic framework. The latter efficiently allows us to base a second part on the analysis of advertising communication with its characteristics in order to prepare its pedagogical integration. The objective of the third part is then to study the cultural innuendos in order to optimise the understanding of Others, along with an opening towards otherness
Mbaissatar, Laoukoura Jacques. "L'enseignement/apprentissage de l'histoire dans un contexte sans manuel : cas de la classe de seconde au Tchad". Grenoble 2, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008GRE29010.
Testo completoThe title of this thesis is: "teaching and learning history in the context without handbook: the case of fifth grade". First, we look at the history of handbook. We study also the Chadian context; this context shows malfunctioning; for this, we have this working hypothesis: in the context without handbook, pupils wait for the teacher's lessons before learning. We analyse some theoretical elements (readability, glossary, and so one) of handbook because they facilitate teaching and learning. We take into account the forward planification, the historical epistemology, and pedagogical strategies. After the empirical study, our results seam to confirm the working hypothesis
Cobo, Dorado Karina. "Les processus d’enseignement-apprentissage de la clarinette dans le cadre spécialisé en France : vers une pédagogie de groupe ?" Thesis, Paris 4, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA040247.
Testo completoThe purpose of this research is to better understand the impact of teaching/learning clarinet-playing in small groups in the perspective of individual progress situations validated by the history of instrument pedagogy in French “conservatoires”. It would seem however that group work would better serve the development of learning modes as it expands the learning processes involved in the traditional one-to-one approach. Group work would change the learner’s position as he/she acquires the various (technical, cognitive, esthetic, expressive, declarative, etc.), skills involved in playing a musical instrument. In a context in which the asymmetrical teacher/student relationship often sets the teacher as the sole expert, the group appears as a pedagogical means to establish some balance and better define each person’s role. An array of activities requiring all forms of interaction will encourage collaboration and develop an aptitude to resolve socio-cognitive conflicts, the group thus becomes the place where musical skills are mutually acquired and structured. This analysis is based on authentic teaching of musical instruments and is supported by the analysis of socio-constructivist work carried out in schools. This study therefore combines both the theoretical field of research and the practical experience of teaching, which is fundamental when dealing with the evolution of both pedagogy and the teaching of musical instruments
Pinot, Bénédicte. "Vie quotidienne au travail et apprentissage dans les communautés professionnelles : l'exemple du réseau des « Ateliers de Pédagogie Personnalisée »". Thesis, Paris Est, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PESC0028.
Testo completoThe « Ateliers de Pédagogie Personnalisée » or APP network, celebrating its 30th anniversary in 2015, provides an « informal » dynamic of collective training. That training framework, founded by stakeholders in lifelong guidance, professional insertion and training, to answer to the malaise of the angry youth, has been gradually extended to the national territory. Fed from self-expression among stakeholders in the APP network of Upper Normandy, this inductive research brings a new perception of this professional group.We have highlighted a connection between the form of the APP collective and the role of the shared vision, called « APP spirit ». The reason of this connection would be an informal learning process, with on one side a buddy system ; on the other side « autoformation sociale existentielle » of the collective. We have seen how the idea emerges of an informal « professional community » APP in which a rhizome would develop, i.e. an underground configuration of « social privacy spaces » seen as local learning places. This community » would be a group with a cultural history, core values, a collective identity and a specific professional nature due to its professional « practices ». The sustainability of the APP network could be mainly linked to this specific form of learning
Dworczak, Fabien. "L'apport des neurosciences à l'étude des processus d'apprentissage". Lyon 2, 2000. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/documents/lyon2/2000/dworczak_f.
Testo completoLee, Young-ok. "L'impact de la formation à la médiation cognitive sur la posture des enseignants et des formateurs en région parisienne". Paris 12, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA120085.
Testo completoIn this doctor's thesis we have analyzed the discourse about the practice teachers and instructors who were trained in the field of the cognitive mediation in junior high schools, and the general adult education of promgrams of Life Long Education in Ile-de-France. On the basis of this theory we focused on conceptions of Vygotski about the role of social interaction of children's development and learning and the cognitive mediation of Brunet about a tutor, and the works of the mediation of Feuerstein and of Britt-Mari Barth, which help us organize action guides as a mediator to be adapted better according to the need of educational situations or objects. To be conscious of the posture of a mediator who studies the cognitive function supposes the postulate of the cognitive educability which allowed us to analyze The Evaluation of the Method of Cognitive Education, the research of Huteau and his party. Differently from authors who simply insist the effect on the method itself, what tried to find out in this thesis is things which happened through the training of teachers and the impact of the educational practice. That verified hypotheses of this thesis. In short this thesis experientially shows the posture of mediators caused by the transformation which they used in training through the methods and the tools while they were trained
Joma, Salem. "Enseignement / apprentissage du FLE en Libye : méthodes utilisées et perspectives interculturelles". Besançon, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009BESA1018.
Testo completoThis research, entitled Teaching/ learning of the French (FLE) in Libya, methods currently used and intercultural perspective, suggests studying, from a cultural contents point of view, the methods used at present in Libya, and experimenting a methodological approach of an intercultural inspiration. The general problematic is based on the choice which we have to operate as for the cultural contents of a foreign language method, the treatment which is necessary to run at the level of the previous cultural experiences of the learner and the way these can be put in the service of the new learning apprenticeship. We arise two questionings: what obstacles are raised while mother and foreign language-culture are confronting and on what base one could rely to choose cultural contents of a method of FLE. Our methodological step consists of an analysis of the cultural contents of the methods of FLE and a survey with the Libyan teachers of French. The results which we reached indicate that the methods in question are in favor of a learning/acquisition of the linguistic elements without taking into account the socio-cultural reality of the learner. It is this reality which sometimes pushes the learner into a kind of resistance, of feeling bad or even of refusal of what is proposed. The questioned teachers approve a method of foreign language-culture which would take into account the socio-cultural reality of the learner. The intercultural approach which we propose is favorable for the presence of the culture of the learner, while learning of a foreign language-culture that could be a pleasing factor and inciting to comparison and to discovery: this can only facilitate the new learning because the learner leans on a reference frame which is proper and familiar to him. These conclusions led us to emit didactic propositions susceptible to concretize the methodological steps which we laud for the implementation of a method of FLE
Bou-serdane, Ismail. "Conceptions d’enseignants du primaire marocain au regard des démarches d’enseignement-apprentissage à mettre en place pour l’opérationnalisation de la pédagogie de l’intégration". Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2014. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/132.
Testo completoKerkalli, Huang Meng-Lan. "Réflexions et propositions pour une pédagogie des temps verbaux du français adaptée aux étudiants de Taiwan". Université Stendhal (Grenoble ; 1970-2015), 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993GRE39017.
Testo completoThis dissertation includes three parts, each of two chapters. In part one, chapiter one deals with the relation between linguistics and language teaching. In chapiter two, we consider the connexion between thses two fields in a more pratical approach, that is to say: how to use linguistics while working in the field of language teaching. In part two, which title is "a la rencontre d'une autre langue", chapter three is a confrontation of chinese and french. First, we explain our own conception of language, underlining how the enunciative perspective can be fruitful for linguistics as well as for language teaching. Then, chapiter four offers a contrastive analysis of the chinese and french verbal systems. In part three, we present (chapter five) the situation of french teaching in taiwan and we rise some cross-cultural issues in language teaching. Finally, chapter six makes some proposals for a pedagogy of the french verb system adapted to the chinese students in taiwan. For this, we present some facts about how chinese students learn the french tenses. Then we make a comment of how 4 grammar books and 5 textbooks (book one) explain the use of these tenses. Last, we suggest a pedagogical process composed of two steps (explinations and exercises) which is expected to be a pratical fool. All together there are 8 tools. Moreover, there is also a corpus composed of 28 annexes and refering to chapter six
Subervielle, Daniel. "Contribution à l'étude de l'influence de variables contextuelles sur les apprentissages des élèves au cycle des approfondissements : approche longitudinale des effets liés au style pédagogique des enseignants du cycle et à l'organisation pédagogique retenue sur l'évolution des performances des élèves aux évaluations nationales diagnostiques". Toulouse 2, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006TOU20094.
Testo completoThe school success's conditions of pupils like so much to some of the factors of their school environment than as personal parameters. The determining character of the teaching and learning contexts is widely recognized today. It is in the effect of the professional practices of the teachers and the educational organizations they conceive that this research is dedicated. In the current of a socio-constructivist learning conception, the effects of these contextual variables are analyzed by the evolution of the school acquisitions, in French language and in mathematics, of pupils during their third cycle of basic education. It is so a question of appreciating the effect of the context of learning (the teacher effect and the school effect) on the progress of these acquisitions. Compared with the transmissifs teachers practice, the constructivists ones contribute to a better equity between pupils by making more progress the more fragile of them, and it is in the multigrade classes that takes place the most significant progress. Their self-esteem, their autonomy and thier mental flexibility are also strengthhened
Wargnier, Patrick. "Contribution à l'étude de l'influence de variables contextuelles sur les apprentissages des élèves au cycle des approfondissements : approche longitudinale des effets liés au style pédagogique des enseignants du cycle et à l'organisation pédagogique retenue sur l'évolution du degré de maîtrise des compétences transversales des élèves". Toulouse 2, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006TOU20095.
Testo completoThe school success's of pupils like so much to some of the factors of their school environment than as personal parameters. The determining character of the teaching and learning contexts is widely recognized today. It is in the effect of the professional practices of the teachers and the educational organizations they conceive that this research is dedicated. In the current of a socio-constructivist learning conception, the effects of these contextual variables are analyzed by the evolution pupils' transversal abilities during their third cycle of basic education. It is so a question of appreciating the effect of the context of learning (the teacher effect and the school effect) on the master's degree of these abilities. Compared with the transmissifs teachers practice, the constructivists ones contribute to a better efficiency between pupils by making more progress the more fragile of them, and it is in the multigrade classes that takes place the most significant progress. Their self-esteem, their autonomy and thier mental flexibility are also strengthhened
Guay, Anik. "La controverse structurée comme stratégie d'enseignement-apprentissage pour caractériser l'argumentation auprès d'élèves québécois du secondaire". Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/27453.
Testo completoThis thesis characterizes how students argue when faced with a structured controversy in a classroom. This learning-teaching strategy will allow us to elaborate a grid to guide students and teachers for the construction or their arguments. Our text shows the importance of argumentation in a school context when exploring an socioscientific question in order to promote the development of a scientific and technological literacy. This interventionist research was inspired by the Developmental Work Research (DWR) approach, rooted in the sociocultural theoretical framework that is the third generation of activity theory. Working from the epistemological principle of the double stimulation, our research analyzes the way in which the students get out of the problematic situation posed by argumentation in a school setting. The data collection was performed with a group of high school students in Quebec, Canada. The argumentation takes place within an interdisciplinary project entitled Scientific idol, within the Science and technology and French classes. Our analysis identifies various interactions between a student and his, as well as a few recurrent tensions. Also, the characteristics of the arguments used by the students were identified and contributed to the development of our grid. This grid wants to help students overcome problematic situations in a school environment by promoting the sharing of ideas within a team and helping students formulate their arguments. The analysis also brought forward that, to improve argumentation in schools, a more flexible argumentation structure and a greater involvement of students in the choice of the socioscientific question could to be considered. In particular, we have identified the individual/collective dialectic that was present while the student is acting on his environment. This is the originality of our contribution beyong our grid. Key words : Argumentation, structured controversy, socioscientific issues, scientific and technological literacy, activity theory, double stimulation, construction of arguments
Derrar, Amina Nouha. "Appropriation et usages des technologies numériques dans la pédagogie universitaire : cas de l'université algérienne". Thesis, Université Côte d'Azur, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020COAZ2016.
Testo completoThis research takes place in the context of the knowledge society and the nowadays need for lifelong learning and professional development. It deals with the different effects and uses of ICT in university pedagogy in general and the Algerian University in particular.Indeed, the Algerian higher education is undergoing an unprecedented modernization process with two important reforms : on the one hand, the implementation of the 2004 Bologna process and on the other hand, the challenge of the traditional practices’ evolution towards the use of digital technologies. The challenge for Algeria to strengthen its higher education system using these technologies to meet the triple challenge: respond to the annual increase of student enrolment, consolidate the professional training of the teachers, and finally, facilitate access to distance learning in particular for people living remotely from academic institutions.After a literature review of the Algerian education system and the different perceptions of digital technologies in sociology and pedagogy, we tried to understand and analyse the place of such tools in the Algerian university. This exploratory research aims at describing, How the use of digital technologies achieve the pedagogic innovation in Algerian universities? In order to address this problematic, we opted for the qualitative method through an inductive approach. We focused on the interpretation of the actors involved in the process of educational innovation in Algerian universities. To this end, we have conducted through a four years period from 2015 to 2019, semi-structured interviews of the main actors in the field, project promoters and senior managers.The study shows a low use of digital technologies for learning purposes, due to the lack of involvement on the one hand, and on the other hand, to the resistance to change among some teachers. At the same time, our results reveal the effect of the pilot digital training adapted to newly recruited teachers for pedagogical innovation and the availability of higher level of technological infrastructures at the academic institutions.Our research aims at shedding light on the pedagogic innovation and the strategic choice in the organization of the digital scheme for learning in Algerian universities, despite the difficulties of adoption and use of digital technologies
Raynaud, Serra Patrice. "L'imagination au cœur de l'apprendre : interprétations de textes pédagogiques et philosophiques pour l’imagination couplées avec des savoirs en psychologie cognitive". Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017AIXM0394.
Testo completoThis work opens up with directive interviews of and questionnaires for secondary school teachers in order to find out if they perceive a link between imagination and learning. It is then devoted to studying and analysing official texts and syllabuses related to Mathematics and French. It proceeds with the interpretation of pedagogic writings thar refer to imagination. Based on the observation that imagination is polysemic and even polymorphic, this work interprets some pedagogic and philosophic theories on the theme of imagination. However this research remains motivated by the aim of finding out if imagination allows one to learn.This thesis is centered on the theory of schematism as described by Kant. Schematism is produced by presentative imagination which, in the analogical configuration of experience, reveals the expectation of a term, an object ; an object to seize, ʺto ap-prehendʺ, so that a link can be established, then two links be compared. Thanks to this approach by Kant we are in a position to conclude that imagination is at the heart of learning because learning is the extension of analogical experience, the outcome of presentaive imagination
Aghaeilindi, Somayé. "La pédagogie de l'erreur en production écrite dans l'apprentissage du français langue étrangère, chez les étudiants persanophones". Phd thesis, Université Toulouse le Mirail - Toulouse II, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00973497.
Testo completoBilodeau, Karina. "Pratiques pédagogiques et développement de savoirs signifiants en formation à l'exercice d'un métier semi-spécialisé". Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/28004.
Testo completoRoots-Buck, Jennifer. "Le scénario comme démarche d'apprentissage et mode d'évaluation". Nantes, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005NANT3035.
Testo completoTwo questions triggered the present research and are inseparable. Which teaching technique is the most suited to the teaching of a language to specialists in other fields and which assessment procedure is best adapted to these students' needs? If the scenario is chosen for the forthcoming CLES, the French university diploma in language skills, as it has been for other diplomas such as the DCL, then a research into teaching techniques that help students to prepare for this kind of assessment is necessary. The scenario is therefore experimented in various forms both as a teaching technique and as an assessment procedure. Through an analysis of student reactions to this technique and the results it gives, as well as an experimentation of the material required for it, some conclusions can be drawn as to its usefulness
Herbert, Jean-Marie. "Effet du PEI (Programme d'Enrichissement Instrumental de Feuerstein) sur la capacité de la mémoire de travail estimée à partir des activités de lecture". Lille 3, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999LIL30007.
Testo completoJardel, Bernard. "Apprentissage de l'élève et initiative de l'enseignant : approche systémique d'une structure de formation, le collège". Grenoble 2, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992GRE29065.
Testo completoWhy does a change in secondary school appears necessary in the eighties, yet difficult, even impossible, to implement? we started from a double observation: 1- the attempt at an institutional reform of the "college" nowadays seems to have come to a standstill. Why can't the state take up the challenge of a qualitative democracy and get pupils to succeed in the new middle school which constitutes the "college?" 2- however the new knowledge stemming from research and innovation enables us to define a new theory and practice of teaching based on the learning methods of the pupil. The result of this double observation is an unavoidable requirement : to deal with complexity and to implement change, the teacher has to be an actor in the change foster. We have therefore built a prospective model of a "teacher-actor" by using the crossing point of different theorical and practical fields. Our analysis was organised into 3 poles : the teacher's will, power, know how to change, so as to affect the dynamic process of motivation. Our conclusion : for all pupils to leran, the teacher has to learn in an organization which itself learns
Ouari, Karima. "Vers une pédagogie transculturelle des langues-cultures : l'émergence d'une parole qui fait sens pour les adolescents". Thesis, Cergy-Pontoise, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015CERG0749/document.
Testo completoThis thesis questions the contribution of the school system to adolescent identity formation. Language is at the heart of this construction. However, in the French school landscape, the boundaries between the language of schooling, language families, the ELF and LVE are near hermetic and contribute to the fragmentation of identity. Compartmentalized teaching induces many dissociations (language and culture, body and mind) that hinder the development of ties between students and their environment. Vulnerable pupils accumulate difficulties and school becomes a place of social exclusion.Faced with the necessity of thinking pedagogy for pupils to experiencelinguistic and cultural otherness in terms of interrelatedness, this thesis proposes an analysis of the impact of artistic scenarios in English class. These scenarios were designed for students in a secondary school in Bobigny and they are based on their intercultural, transcultural and multilingual experiences and their interpretations of the world. They are built on co-reflection, co-writing, co- creation and co-feeling through dance and drama and open onto a space that offers the opportunity to verbalize their emotions. The analysis of pedagogical-artistic scenarios that are the subject of this work is based on a triple settings: ethnopsychological (transcultural psychotherapy, MR. Moro) psychological (creating a reassuring atmosphere which makes adolescents feel secure, B. Cyrulnik and cooperative learning, D. Johnson and R. Johnson) and pedagogical (incorporated learning, J. Aden). This triple setting offers a transcultural mediation as a method, to use the potential of artistic expression and creativity of adolescents. These three disciplines are complementary and the scenarios are designed among other things to restore a link between cognitive and emotional processes.A transcultural pedagogy allows us to rethink the class into an experiential community (interpretative and cooperative community, and a community of practice) while respecting and valuing the uniqueness of each pupil. At the heart of this pedagogy, the notion of shared experience and speech is central. The device is analyzed at the interface of collective and singular aesthetic experience and allows a shift in perspective on: self-representation, the representation of the other, the relationship between self and other, the relationship between oneself and his or her environment, the relationship between the others and their environment and in fine the awareness of self within the social matrix.This thesis is based on a mixed methodology and is at the interface of transcultural clinic, psychology and teaching of languages and cultures. It analyzes the impact of cross-cultural education through the voices of students collected during the project and in the longer term, three years after the experiment. The corpus is composed of class interactions in English and French, plays in English written and performed by students at the end of the year of the experimentation and qualitative interviews conducted afterwards
Laplante, Lise. "Étude du processus d'apprentissage avec logo chez des enfants du primaire et relation avec la pédagogie ouverte". Master's thesis, Université Laval, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/29133.
Testo completoPoulet, Célia. "L'apprentissage d'une pratique démocratique : l'exemple de la prise de parole en franc-maçonnerie". Thesis, Aix-Marseille 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011AIX10159.
Testo completoAt the crossroad between sociology of knowledge, sociology of education and political sociology, this thesis examines certain social practices of collective work by public speaking of members, described as democratic. In this study, Freemasonry constitutes a revealing field of research. Historically characterised by a very elitist recruitment mode, Freemasonry has gone through a process of democratisation during the last century. As a result, Freemasonry shows much more social heterogeneity then before.. Considering Freemasonry as tacit pedagogic device, this research examines the sociological processes at work in the social appropriation of a practice based on abstraction and transferability of symbolic relations. The data analysis (interviews, written productions of masons, official texts) allows highlighting some specificities of this apprenticeship: election, déprofanation and improvement, which are built through the cumulativity of collective work and the possibility of revision. As a matter of fact, the interest of this study goes far beyond the Masonic lodges themselves. Using the concept of a tacit pedagogy, what is at stake is apprenticeship as production and reproduction of knowledge, including the fundamental issues of the right to improve within pedagogic structures and the elaboration of a collective normativity
Dupays, Aurore. "Apprentissage en résolution de problèmes : influence du mode d'instruction". Phd thesis, Université de Franche-Comté, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00718869.
Testo completoRousseaux, Francis. "Une contribution de l'intelligence artificielle et de l'apprentissage symbolique automatique à l'élaboration d'un modèle d'enseignement de l'écoute musicale". Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 1990. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00417579.
Testo completoC'est ainsi que ce thème devient un objectif d'études et de recherches : mais dans cette optique, il est nécessaire de prendre en compte l'état de l'art en informatique musicale, et d'écouter les besoins manifestés par les musiciens, afin de prendre pied sur une réelle communauté d'intérêts entre les deux disciplines.
En toute hypothèse, la musique est un objet abstrait dont il existe plusieurs représentations, aucune n'étant complète ni générale, et chacune possédant des propriétés spécifiques. Qui plus est, ces représentations ont tendance à évoluer, naître et mourir au gré des besoins des musiciens, même si la représentation sonore reste essentielle et par définition indissociable de l'objet abstrait : mais il faut bien admettre que le son musical n'est pas seul à évoquer la musique, et que si l'homme éprouve le besoin d'inventer des représentations pour mieux s'approprier le phénomène musical, il peut être enrichissant d'examiner la transposition de ce comportement aux machines.
On peut certes isoler une de ces représentations, la traduire informatiquement et lui dédier des outils : c'est ainsi que de nombreux systèmes informatiques abordent la musique. Mais il existe une approche plus typique de l'intelligence artificielle, qui consiste à chercher à atteindre l'objet abstrait à travers l'ensemble de ses représentations et de leurs relations : pour un système informatique, faire preuve d'intelligence dans ce contexte, c'est utiliser cette diversité et cette multiplicité de représentation; c'est savoir s'appuyer sur une réalité mouvante et se déplacer dans un univers d'abstractions.
Mais les représentations ne prennent leur sens qu'avec ceux qui communiquent à travers elles, qu'avec les activités qu'elles engendrent. On peut alors imaginer un système qui constituerait un véritable lieu de rencontre, de réflexion, de création, en un mot de communication : car la musique est avant tout un médium de communication. Mais quelle est la nature de ce qu'on pourra communiquer à travers un tel système ? Par exemple, on pourra s'exercer aux pratiques musicales, expérimenter de nouveaux rapports entre les représentations, en un mot s'approprier le médium musical lui-même.
Mais alors, on a besoin d'un système qui sache témoigner de ces rencontres, plus précisément qui apprenne à en témoigner; c'est là notre définition de l'apprentissage dans le contexte : on dira qu'un système apprend s'il témoigne, et éventuellement s'adapte à un univers de communication musicale. Sans cette exigence, la valeur de la communication est perdue : en effet les parties prenantes quittent le système avec leur nouvelle richesse, quelle que soit la réussite de la médiation. Aussi, l'enjeu pour un système apprenti consiste à retourner un témoignage aux musiciens, aux pédagogues et aux informaticiens, afin qu'ils puissent en tirer profit : bien entendu, on exigera de ce témoignage qu'il produise de la connaissance utile, sans se contenter de cumuls d'événements ou de faits ordonnés historiquement.
Ainsi, à travers un enseignement ouvert, il s'agira pour des élèves d'appréhender et d'expérimenter le médium musical, d'enrichir leurs connaissances et d'obtenir des explications. Pour des enseignants, il s'agira de créer et d'organiser cette médiation, et de rendre des oracles pédagogiques au système. Mais l'intelligence artificielle et l'apprentissage symbolique automatique sont les sciences de l'explication : il faut mettre en jeu la dimension cognitive qui permettra d'expertiser l'adéquation du lieu de rencontre; il faut se placer au cœur des besoins et des préoccupations des enseignants et des élèves, en tentant de formaliser les théories cognitives de la musique. On pourra même inventer des représentations à vocations cognitive et explicative : à terme, un système construit sur un tel modèle pourrait bien être capable de faire lui-même des découvertes dans ce domaine.
Richard, Gilbert. "A qui profite la médiation éducative ? : étude d'une évaluation diagnostique au cycle 3 de l'école élémentaire". Lyon 2, 2001. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/documents/lyon2/2001/richard_g.
Testo completoAlbert, Cécile. "Pour quoi pratique-t-on les techniques Freinet, la Gestion mentale ou le PEI ? : les facteurs d'un choix". Lyon 2, 2001. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/sdx/theses/lyon2/2001/laniesse_c.
Testo completoThis dissertation shows that, in spite of the sometimes radical differences between the various types of innovative pedagogy, the teachers who use them all share a common vision which constitutes their commitment This vision issues from their reference to personnal value which is the fundamental basis of the hard work and persevereace they show in their career. This analysis includes 30 interviews with teachers who use the Freinet techniques, Mental management and PEI (Instrumental Enrichment)
Saint-Jacques, Annie, e Annie Saint-Jacques. "Pédagogie efficiente vers l'implantation d'une communauté d'apprentissage dans un séminaire d'études supérieures virtuel en mode synchrone : une analyse de cas". Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/23715.
Testo completoCette recherche doctorale exploratoire de nature qualitative a pour objectif une application novatrice du cadre de la communauté d’apprentissage de cycle supérieur à l’apprentissage en ligne en mode synchrone. Il s’agit de la première étude à rendre compte de stratégies pédagogiques efficientes vers l’implantation d’une communauté d’apprentissage dans le cadre de séminaires d’études supérieures virtuels et de la première étude à explorer cette application concrète du e-learning intégral qu’est le séminaire virtuel. Elle repose sur une étude multi-cas (huit cas) menée en français et en anglais dans cinq universités nord-américaines. La collecte de données est fondée sur 40 heures d’observation post facto de segments d’archives de séminaires, 61 entrevues réalisées avec des professeurs (n=9), des auxiliaires d’enseignement (n=4), des étudiants (n=45) et des conseillers pédagogiques (n=3) et des sondages réalisés auprès des étudiants à la mi-trimestre (n=50) et après la formation (n=32). L’étude confirme l’importance de l’établissement d’une communauté d’apprentissage dans un séminaire d’études supérieures virtuel. Le cadre socioconstructiviste demeure toutefois nébuleux pour plusieurs professeurs et étudiants, d’où l’importance de former à la « culture » collaborative. L’étude démontre que les approches socioconstructivistes soutiennent effectivement l’efficacité de l’apprentissage. Elle cerne 30 attributs du séminaire virtuel et dégage 26 pratiques pédagogiques fructueuses pouvant baliser un apprentissage en ligne de qualité. Enfin, elle met en lumière le rôle crucial des professeurs en tant que facilitateurs d’un dialogue riche et soutenu. L’étude multi-cas rapporte un taux de satisfaction élevé tant de la part des professeurs que des étudiants à l’égard du séminaire d’études supérieures virtuel.
This exploratory qualitative study focuses on the innovative application of the community of inquiry framework to synchronous online learning. This is the first study to report on efficient teaching strategies to foster a learning community in synchronous virtual graduate seminars and to explore this concrete application of blended online learning design. It is based on a multiple-case study (eight cases) that took place in five Francophone and Anglophone North American universities. Data collection consisted of forty hours of post facto observation of archived virtual seminars, sixty-one interviews conducted with faculty (n=9), teaching assistants (n=4), students (n=45) and instructional designers (n=3), as well as mid-term (n=50) and post-term (n=32) student surveys. The study confirms the importance of establishing a community of inquiry within a virtual graduate seminar. However, the socioconstructivist framework remains nebulous for several faculty and students, hence the importance of collaborative “culture” training. The study determines that socioconstructivist approaches contribute to the effectiveness of learning in virtual graduate seminars, identifies 30 attributes of a virtual graduate seminar and reports on 26 effective teaching practices that can be used to inform guidelines for quality online learning. It highlights the crucial role of the faculty member as the facilitator of a rich and ongoing dialogue in the virtual classroom. The multiple-case study reports high satisfaction levels among both faculty and students towards the virtual graduate seminar.
This exploratory qualitative study focuses on the innovative application of the community of inquiry framework to synchronous online learning. This is the first study to report on efficient teaching strategies to foster a learning community in synchronous virtual graduate seminars and to explore this concrete application of blended online learning design. It is based on a multiple-case study (eight cases) that took place in five Francophone and Anglophone North American universities. Data collection consisted of forty hours of post facto observation of archived virtual seminars, sixty-one interviews conducted with faculty (n=9), teaching assistants (n=4), students (n=45) and instructional designers (n=3), as well as mid-term (n=50) and post-term (n=32) student surveys. The study confirms the importance of establishing a community of inquiry within a virtual graduate seminar. However, the socioconstructivist framework remains nebulous for several faculty and students, hence the importance of collaborative “culture” training. The study determines that socioconstructivist approaches contribute to the effectiveness of learning in virtual graduate seminars, identifies 30 attributes of a virtual graduate seminar and reports on 26 effective teaching practices that can be used to inform guidelines for quality online learning. It highlights the crucial role of the faculty member as the facilitator of a rich and ongoing dialogue in the virtual classroom. The multiple-case study reports high satisfaction levels among both faculty and students towards the virtual graduate seminar.
Pléty, Robert. "Ethologie de l'interaction chez des enfants du 1er cycle de l'enseignement secondaire au cours d'un apprentissage des mathématiques en groupes dans la résolution de problèmes". Lyon 1, 1985. https://n2t.net/ark:/47881/m61z43cc.
Testo completoFillet, Dorothée. "Niveau de contrôle par l’apprenant de son épisode d’apprentissage hypermédia : Influences sur son activité métacognitive et ses performances". Rennes 2, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00565852/fr/.
Testo completoA high level of learner control characterizes hypermedia learning environments. However this increased control over access to information is not equally beneficial to all learners depending on interindividual differences. This thesis aims at determining factors influencing the use of control functions in a hypermedia learning environment and understanding how these factors have an impact on both hypermedia use and learning outcomes. The first experiments underlined the importance of prior domain knowledge level. Indeed, low knowledgeable learners adopted inappropriate reading strategy during hypermedia learning (Study 1) However we observed that they had more relevant navigation behaviors and better comprehension outcomes when control was limited (Study 2). They were also more accurate when assessing their understanding of information at the end of the learning session (Study 3) An eye-tracking method and a thinkaloud protocol were jointly used and results indicated that they had a greater metacognitive activity during learning (Study 4) Thus cognitive load linked to hypermedia using activity and relevance of information processing were affected by the level of learner control (Study 5). Once coherence of this serie of experiments has been established (Study 6), outcomes and design issues are discussed
Guibert, Nicolas. "Validation d'une approche basée sur l'exemple pour l'initiation à la programmation". Poitiers, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006POIT2341.
Testo completoAlthough computers and programs have now become essential in experimental sciences as analysis or measurement tools, many students still find learning Computer Science is extremely difficult. Many studies have characterised the errors and difficulties encountered by novice programmers. The environments in use nowadays for learning programming are tools built in the unique perspective of development, and not in a pedagogical perspective. This “industrial” approach is often opposed to a genuine pedagogical approach, where the goal is discovery and acquisition of knowledge, and not the realisation of technical tasks. This thesis explores the use of an alternative interaction paradigm, “programming by examples”, to support the student’s active construction of viable knowledge, by the use of experimental studies led in a concrete environment, with an adapted programming by examples environment, engineered specifically for a pedagogical purpose
Boursier, Leterrier Claire. "Élaboration et analyse d'une démarche pédagogique en éducation physique pour enfants atteints d'autisme". Nancy 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994NAN10382.
Testo completoBudowski, Max. "Apprentissage coopératif et formation des médecins : entre le “formel” et “l’informel”. Expérimentation de trois dispositifs pédagogiques utilisés en sciences médicales". Thesis, Paris Est, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PESC0015/document.
Testo completoThis thesis attempts to offer a model for the acquisition of knowledge and skills amongphysicians. The research undertook to explore the role of professional experiences, dailylife, exchanges between peers, and all other forms of so-called « informal » learning inenhancing the professional skills of medical students and physicians. The author laboredunder the following hypothesis: all learning involves both formal and informal aspects,and the informal aspects can be found in cooperative, experiential and reflexive typepedagogical constructs. Finally, « informal » and « non-formal » learning opportunitiescertainly play a role in the acquisition of knowledge and skills among health care professionals.Three teaching mechanisms frequently used during the 3rd cycle of initial medical trainingas well as in medical continuing education programs were made available to medicalstudents and physicians working in ambulatory setting. These tools, which encourageparticipants to marshal their own experiences, to reflect thoughtfully and to cooperatewith each other, can improve the skills of medical students and physicians.Each of the three teaching mechanisms studied herein, factoring in individual backgroundsand proficiencies, contain both formal and informal knowledge and skills which,as a whole, contributed to the transformation of the participants. However, it is importantto note that the distinction between formal and informal learning is primarily theoretical,and may simply depend on context or location. Therefore, rather than opposethem, it may be more appropriate to consider that these types of learning lie on a continuum
Cordier, Virginie. "Influence de la simulation mentale guidée sur l'apprentissage du mouvement en danse". Thesis, La Réunion, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010LARE0003/document.
Testo completoThis study aims to highlight the effects of mental simulation of guided learning, performance and image of the movement in dance. In the literature review, we present the main theories of cognitive and socio-cognitive, and implementations of learning methods from these two theoretical fields. Then, from the specifics of the dance "didactical" transformations referred by schools and universities, and the place of mental images in dance, we consider the mental simulation guided by rhythmic and metaphorical instructions. Afterwards, we present a preliminary study for the tool construction for assessing performance in dance, and two experimental studies conducted with novice adult subjects on learning tasks during reproduction of form and improvisation-composition. The results in their essence show (1) that mental simulation is a more effective method of learning than observation, from the moment it is guided 2) that the rhythmic instructions are fundamental in dance learning because they help to organize and structure the movement, (3) that the metaphorical instructions seem particularly suited to the expressive and artistic dimensions of dancing. Taken together, these findings emphasize the importance of guided mental simulation with instructions to ensure its effectiveness in learning
El-Soufi, Aïda. "Usages et effets des TIC dans l'enseignement-apprentissage du français langue seconde : Un exemple au Liban". Phd thesis, Université de Strasbourg, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00625218.
Testo completoDemaret-Fouli, Elodie. "La médiation comme facteur de maîtrise intellectuelle et cognitive en cas de déprivation culturelle : étude longitudino-transversale portant sur 66 enfants de 3 à 11 ans". Amiens, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011AMIE0036.
Testo completoThrough the social and human mediation, we receive our modalities of life, thought and learning. Mediation plays an important role in the intellectual development. Indeed, intelligence is built through social and cultural interactions. The culture gives a meaning to the action. When the mediation misses or is insufficient, the subject becomes, in Feuerstein's words, a "culturally deprived" person. Then the child doesn't have the right tools to adapt and deal the information, and thus gain new knowledge which then creates learning difficulties when they are of school age. Our goal is to show the importance of mediation in learning. Mediation which the child is going to find in interactions programmed with expert subjects livened up by specific educational intentions to help him, direct him and accompany him. Our research bears a psycho-pedagogical side of a longitudino-transverse study realized with 66 children from 3 to 11 years old. The used methodology bases on the test retest. The first is a clinical checkup aiming to show that the children have the characteristics of normality, the ability of learning, and the basic references necessary to implement the learnings ; the second is done after the teachers have been trained on mediation for a year ; a final assessment is made to observe the impact and the role of mediation on learnings. The analysis of the results uncorks, on one hand, on global quantitative reports which are of use as indicators to make quantitative and qualitative specific reports, on the other hand, on analyses of individual cases. The made reports show that the variety of the capacities grasped in test phase, by means of the subtests of the ladders of Wechsler, psychomotor assessments and tests of drawing, is not distributed in a always harmonious way at the subjects, during the retest ; those who benefited from cognitive mediation tend more to harmonize their capacities, but also modify their behavior, in particular in the sense of a use of the failures and the errors to succeed in correcting their strategies of reasoning, but also to try better to adapt itself to the changeable realities. The analyses of individual cases allow to emphasize the realization of progress auto-checked (auto-controlled) in the locations of the data of space and of time with regard to one but also by moving away intellectually, what leads the child who benefited from the mediation to go away from a pragmatic concrete thought and to get used to a more abstract symbolic thought
Alkhatib, Amna. "Apprendre l’expression orale par le biais du projet pédagogique artistique : enseignement-apprentissage du français langue étrangère en situation de guerre". Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019MON30022.
Testo completoThis research focuses on the experimentation of a device related to a project-based learning through the mediation of artistic practices of speech. It took place in the French Department at the University of Aleppo, Syria, in order to improve the communicative skills and expression of the subjectivity of the participants. This experiment was conducted in a context which was not only marked by war but also characterized by a less active teaching-learning, that is to say transmissive despite the many educational reforms that have succeeded one another. The analysis of the results of the field surveys confirmed the need to start a project that could meet the needs which were collected and identified by us and expressed by the students. Several questions arose during our research : Was such an approach, in a context of war, feasible? Would this artistic approach allow students to develop oral skills and increase their socio-cultural knowledge of the target culture? Would it finally succeed in motivating students exhausted by the war? If it is worth mentioning that we have carried out four projects in the field, one has been studied in depth, namely « French and Francophonie song in FLE class ». This project involved the realization of various tasks among which the construction of various knowledge in FLE with an active and dynamic approach. It consisted in presenting a singing show in French and producing a project booklet, « singing to travel » to socialize in front of an external public. The results of this experiment show how significant progress was in terms of knowledge, know-how, learning process and social skills of the students. However, it should be noted that the integration of this device a context of war has encountered certain limits and obstacles of material, temporal, educational, technical, security and socio-cultural nature