Bibliografie tematiche / Antibiotics

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Letteratura scientifica selezionata sul tema "Antibiotics"

Autore: Grafiati
Pubblicato: 4 giugno 2021
Ultima modifica: 30 luglio 2024

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Articoli di riviste sul tema "Antibiotics"

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Hochvaldová, Lucie, Renata Večeřová, Milan Kolář, Robert Prucek, Libor Kvítek, Lubomír Lapčík e Aleš Panáček. "Antibacterial nanomaterials: Upcoming hope to overcome antibiotic resistance crisis". Nanotechnology Reviews 11, n. 1 (1 gennaio 2022): 1115–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ntrev-2022-0059.

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Abstract When combined with nanomaterials, antibiotics show antibacterial activity against susceptible and resistant bacterial strains at significantly lower concentrations. Unfortunately, to date, no research study has examined the effect of the antibiotic mode of action and mechanism of bacterial resistance on the effectiveness of combined antibacterial treatment with nanomaterials. Therefore, in this review, we performed a thorough analysis and critical evaluation of previously published data related to the combined antibacterial effect of antibiotics with nanostructured materials with a targeted focus on relationships between antibiotic’s modes of action and bacterial resistance mechanisms for relevant nanomaterials and their impact on the resulting synergistic effects. Following thorough data analysis and critical discussion, we have discovered and are the first who present that antibiotic’s mode of action and bacterial resistance mechanism determine the final effectiveness of combined antibacterial treatment with nanomaterials. We therefore conclude that only certain combinations of nanomaterials with antibiotics can lead to the enhancement and restoration of the antibacterial effectiveness of antibiotics against certain resistant bacteria. Moreover, the recently occurring development of bacterial resistance towards nanomaterials is also discussed together with a possibility of how to prevent it. All discovered findings provide a new view and perspective on this issue helping to navigate further approaches to combat the antibiotic crisis.
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Sembiring, Pintata, Masria Sianipar, Sri Sudewi Pratiwi Sitio, Yunita Syahputri Damanik e Efrata Sembiring. "EDUKASI PENGGUNAAN ANTIBIOTIK PADA SISWA/SISWI SMA NEGERI 1 STM HILIR, JLN. PENDIDIKAN DUSUN I TALUN KENAS, KEC. SINEMBAH TANJUNG MUDA HILIR, KAB. DELI SERDANG, SUMATERA UTARA". Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Putri Hijau 3, n. 3 (2 luglio 2023): 29–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.36656/jpmph.v3i3.1342.

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Overuse of antibiotics has the potentiall for irrational use. This is one of the factorss that cause resistances. WHO in the field of antimicrobial resistance:According to the Global Surveillance Report, Southeast Asia has the highest level of antimicrobial resistance in the world, especially against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (Ministry of Health, 2015). Results of the AMRIN (Antimicrobial Resistance in Indonesia) study conducted from 2000 to 2005 showed that approximately 43% of E. coli are resistant to various types of antibiotics, including: ampicillin (34%), co-trimoxazole (29%), chloramphenicol (25%) (Minister of Health of the Republic, 2015). Irrational use is a major factor in high antibiotic resistance rates. Lack off publicc knowledges about antibiotics can affect attitudes and healths behaviorss, including irrationall use of antibiotics. Knowledge plays an important rolee in shaping beliefs and attitudess about certain behaviors, such as behavior when taking antibioticss. Education level is thought to have a significant impact on this behavior (Ivoryanto, 2017). Keywords : antibiotics, resistance, student
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Sterling, Stephanie, Arnold Decano e Evelyn Fabian. "1098. Perioperative Antibiotic Stewardship for Interventional Radiology Cases Improves Antibiotic Decision-Making". Open Forum Infectious Diseases 6, Supplement_2 (ottobre 2019): S390. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofz360.962.

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Abstract Background Appropriate periprocedural antibiotic prophylaxis is critical to optimize in order to reduce excessive antibiotics exposure for patients and to minimize the risk for procedure-related infection. Wrong antibiotic or excess antibiotics increase the risk for development of antimicrobial resistance, Clostridium difficile infection, adverse side effects. Incorrect or missed antibiotic can put the patient at risk for an infection. Methods Interventions included education of vascular and interventional radiology (IR) consult RN and physicians regarding updated institutional antimicrobial prophylaxis guidelines for vascular and IR procedures, creation of a consulting template that incorporated ongoing antibiotics. Review of recent cultures was incorporated into workflow and consult evaluation. Handoff between the IR RN and IR attendings was expanded to include a review of antimicrobials. Results All IR cases were reviewed for antibiotic administration for 3 months pre- and post-intervention. In the pre-intervention timeframe, 23 of 290 procedures (7.9%) were associated with inappropriate antibiotic administration, further delineated as 6 cases where no antibiotics were given, 7 cases of inappropriate antibiotics administered, and 10 cases where extraneous antibiotics were administered. Of the 39 total procedures where antibiotics were indicated, 17 (43.6%) were associated with antibiotic errors. In the post-intervention period, only 9 of 309 total procedures (10.3%) were associated with inappropriate antibiotic administration: missed antibiotics in 3 cases, inappropriate antibiotics in 4 cases, and unnecessary antibiotics in 2 cases. Of the 32 cases where antibiotics were indicated, only 7 (21.9%) were associated with antibiotic errors. Conclusion Incorporating current antibiotics and review of culture data in a preoperative review and template for patients who need a surgical procedure helps guide appropriate antibiotic decision-making and greatly decreases administration of unnecessary antibiotics. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.
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Danielewski, Maciej, Dorota Ksiądzyna e Adam Szeląg. "NON-ANTIBIOTIC USE OF ANTIBIOTICS". Postępy Mikrobiologii - Advancements of Microbiology 57, n. 4 (2019): 301–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.21307/pm-2018.57.4.301.

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Simonson, William. "Antibiotic stewardship: Revisiting quinolone antibiotics". Geriatric Nursing 38, n. 2 (marzo 2017): 152–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gerinurse.2017.03.008.

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Heinemann, Jack A. "How antibiotics cause antibiotic resistance". Drug Discovery Today 4, n. 2 (febbraio 1999): 72–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1359-6446(98)01294-x.

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Heinemann, Jack A., Robert G. Ankenbauer e Carlos F. Amábile-Cuevas. "Do antibiotics maintain antibiotic resistance?" Drug Discovery Today 5, n. 5 (maggio 2000): 195–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1359-6446(00)01483-5.

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Patel, Payal K., Naoyuki Satoh, Masashi Narita, Yoshiaki Cho, Yusuke Oshiro, Tomoharu Suzuki, Karen E. Fowler, M. Todd Greene, Yasuharu Tokuda e Keith S. Kaye. "172. Inpatient Antibiotic Prescribing Patterns Using the WHO Access Watch and Reserve (AWaRe) Classification in Okinawa, Japan: A Point Prevalence Survey". Open Forum Infectious Diseases 8, Supplement_1 (1 novembre 2021): S195—S196. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofab466.374.

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Abstract Background Few studies have been done on inpatient antibiotic use in Japan and antibiotic stewardship programs with dedicated full-time equivalents are rare. We sought to better understand inpatient antibiotic use in Okinawa, Japan. We applied the World Health Organization (WHO) Access, Watch and Reserve (AWaRe) Classification to compare our findings to international literature. Access antibiotics are common front-line antibiotics, Watch antibiotics are high-priority antibiotics with toxicity or resistance concerns, and Reserve antibiotics are last-line treatments for multi-drug resistant infections. Methods A point prevalence study was conducted in five hospitals in Okinawa, Japan on Oct 1, 2020. Physicians conducted chart reviews of all patients receiving intravenous antibiotics. Type of antibiotic, reason for use, duration, and microbiologic data was collected. The primary aim was to evaluate the proportion of patients who received antibiotics on the assessment date; secondary aims were to categorize antibiotics according to indication, class and AWaRe classification. Descriptive statistics were used to derive the distribution of AWaRe Classifications and drug class. Results 1,728 unique patients were included and 504 (29%) received ≥1 antibiotic on the assessment date. A total of 559 antibiotics were used for 504 patients and 22.0% (n=123) were for prophylaxis. Of those receiving antibiotics for treatment (N=436), 385 (88.3%) patients had a documented infection source. The most common indications for antibiotic use were pneumonia (24.2% n=93), urinary tract infection (19.7% n=76), and intraabdominal (17.9% n=69). Overall, 43.1% (n=241) of the antibiotics were categorized Access and 54.4% (n=304) Watch [Figure 1]. Cephalosporins were the most common antibiotic class (56% n=313), followed by β-lactam inhibitors (18% n=106) and narrow penicillins (8.2% n=46) [Figure 2]. Conclusion 29% of inpatients in these 5 Okinawan hospitals were prescribed an antibiotic on the survey date. A majority of antibiotics used fall under the WHO AWaRe Watch classification which are antibiotics that may be more likely to cause resistance. Understanding appropriateness of antibiotics used in this population could inform antibiotic stewardship strategies and reduce antibiotic resistance. Figure 1. Antibiotic Distribution According to World Health Organization (WHO) Access, Watch and Reserve (AWaRe) Classification Figure 2. Antibiotic Distribution by Class in Okinawan Hospitals Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures
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Miller, Benjamin, Kathryn Carson, Sujay Pathak e Sara C. Keller. "1978. Statements about Antibiotic Side-Effects and Patient Desire for Unnecessary Antibiotics". Open Forum Infectious Diseases 6, Supplement_2 (ottobre 2019): S662. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofz360.1658.

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Abstract Background Antibiotic resistance is a global health emergency fueled in part by non-indicated use of antibiotics. Current public education campaigns primarily focus on the risks of global antibiotic resistance or society-wide adverse impacts of antibiotic misuse. There has been little research into what messages have the greatest impact on patient requests for non-indicated antibiotics. Methods We administered a survey at a primary care clinic in August 2018. Participants rated 18 statements about potential harm from antibiotics on how that statement changed their likelihood to request antibiotics for an upper respiratory tract infection (URI) on an 11-point Likert scale. These included 8 statements about potential harm to the individual, 4 statements about potential harm to contacts of the individual, and 6 statements about resistance or the societal impact of antibiotic misuse. Before and after the survey, participants rated how likely they were to request antibiotics for a URI. Results Of 1150 adult patients in clinic over the 6 days of the survey, 250 completed the survey. Statements about potential harm to the individual decreased patient likelihood to request antibiotics more than statements about societal impacts of antibiotic misuse. (P < 0.001). Statements about potential harm to contacts of the patient also decreased patient likelihood to request antibiotics more than statements about resistance or societal impacts of antibiotic misuse (P < 0.001). Statements discussing antibiotic resistance were less likely to impact patient likelihood to request antibiotics than statements not mentioning antibiotic resistance (P < 0.001). All statements decreased patient likelihood to request antibiotics. Overall likelihood to request antibiotics decreased after the survey (from 5.3 pre- to 3.1 post-survey, P < 0.001). Conclusion Statements about how potential harm of antibiotics to the individual had a greater impact than statements about resistance or societal impact of antibiotics. Our results suggest that when dissuading patients from requesting non-indicated antibiotics, providers and public health campaigns focus on the potential harm of antibiotics to the individual patient rather than on antibiotic resistance or societal impacts. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.
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Ahmed, Iftekhar, Md Bodiuzzaman Rabbi, Marufa Rahman, Rehnuma Tanjin, Sharmin Jahan, Md Abu Adnan Khan e Sakina Sultana. "Knowledge of antibiotics and antibiotic usage behavior among the people of Dhaka, Bangladesh". Asian Journal of Medical and Biological Research 6, n. 3 (17 ottobre 2020): 519–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/ajmbr.v6i3.49803.

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Bangladesh is a developing country with a very high prevalence of antibiotic resistance where irrational use of antibiotics is very common. This cross-sectional survey was conducted to assess the knowledge of antibiotics and antibiotic usage behavior (Antibiotic use, self-medication, adherence to therapy) among the people of Bangladesh. The association between participants’ knowledge of antibiotics and their antibiotic usage behavior was also analyzed. A cross-sectional survey based on a structured questionnaire was conducted in the Dhaka district. The questionnaire included questions about demographic information, participants’ knowledge of antibiotics, and their recent antibiotic usage. The data analysis involved the use of descriptive statistics and multivariable logistic regression. Very few participants knew that antibiotics are not effective against most common colds (16.8%), viruses (22.5%), and pains (41.7%). Most respondents (>75%) knew that excessive use of antibiotics and failing to complete a course may render antibiotics less effective in the future. However, only 56.1% were aware of antibiotic resistance. About half (46.6%) of the participants took antibiotics in the last six months, 20.5% of whom resorted to self-medication and 23.1% reported non-adherence to therapy. Greater knowledge of antibiotics was significantly associated with lower rates of self-medication (p=0.037). Misconceptions about antibiotics and antibiotic misuse are very common in Bangladesh. The findings suggest that misconceptions about antibiotics and antibiotic misuse are very common in Bangladesh. To mitigate these problems, interventions comprised of educational campaigns and redesigning of the healthcare system and policies should be undertaken. Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. September 2020, 6(3): 519-524
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Più fonti

Tesi sul tema "Antibiotics"

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Dodgen, Taylor L. "Escherichia coli and Antibiotic Resistance to Tetracycline Antibiotics". Lynchburg, Va. : Liberty University, 2008. http://digitalcommons.liberty.edu.

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Lee, Henry Hung-Yi. "A systems approach to the evolution of antibiotic resistance". Thesis, Boston University, 2012. https://hdl.handle.net/2144/31582.

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Thesis (Ph.D.)--Boston University
PLEASE NOTE: Boston University Libraries did not receive an Authorization To Manage form for this thesis or dissertation. It is therefore not openly accessible, though it may be available by request. If you are the author or principal advisor of this work and would like to request open access for it, please contact us at open-help@bu.edu. Thank you.
Antibiotic-resistant bacterial strains continually arise and their increasing prevalence poses significant clinical and societal challenges. Functional analyses of resistant mutants and the study of general stress responses perturbed by antibiotic treatment have yielded valuable insights into how resistance arises through mutations. However, less is known about the population dynamics and communal interactions that underlie the development of resistance through mutations. In this work, we utilize systems approaches to study the functional dynamics of bacterial populations evolving antibiotic resistance. We follow a continuous culture of Escherichia coli facing increasing levels of antibiotic and show that the vast majority of isolates are less resistant than the population as a whole. We find that the few highly resistant mutants improve the survival of the populations less resistant constituents, in part, by producing indole, a signaling molecule generated by actively growing and unstressed cells. We show, through transcriptional profiling, that indole serves to turn on drug efflux pumps and oxidative stress protective mechanisms. The indole production comes at a fitness cost to the highly resistant isolates, and wholegenome sequencing reveals that this bacterial altruism is enabled by drug-resistance mutations unrelated to indole production. This work establishes a population-based resistance mechanism constituting a form of kin selection whereby a small number of resistant mutants can, at some cost to themselves, provide protection to other more vulnerable cells, enhancing the survival capacity of the overall population in stressful environments. Deeper studies into cooperative strategies bacteria use to evade antibiotics may prove critical for the rational design of more effective antimicrobial interventions.
2031-01-01
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Meng, Li. "Development of one-step strip test for rapid detection of antibiotic residues in animal body fluid and food animal products /". View abstract or full-text, 2006. http://library.ust.hk/cgi/db/thesis.pl?BIEN%202006%20MENG.

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Millar, Michael. "Antibiotics and antibiotic resistance : what do we owe to each other?" Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2014. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/4780/.

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There is a tension between the need to use antibiotics to prevent adverse outcomes from infection, and a consequence of their use, which is antibiotic (treatment) resistant infection. Actions taken to control the spread of antibiotic resistant microbes, and constraints on the use of antibiotics both give rise to ethical tensions. I consider the evaluative framework and the principles that might be used to decide a just distribution of burdens and benefits associated with the use of antibiotics. Nussbaum specifies a list of capabilities. A minimum sufficiency of each capability is required for a life of human dignity. Nussbaum’s approach provides a richer framework for the evaluation of the distribution of burdens and benefits associated with the use of antibiotics than prevailing health economic, or prevalence of disease measures. There are contexts in which we cannot assure a sufficiency of capabilities. I consider the potential for Scanlon’s contractualism to provide principles for deciding the distribution of burdens and benefits associated with the use of antibiotics under differing levels of resource constraint. Finally I consider the influence of metaphor and analogy in the context of the human relationship with microbes.
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Wolken, Kathryn, e Velliyur Viswesh. "The Appropriateness of Antibiotic Therapy in Patients Initiated on Meropenem in a University-Affiliated Hospital". The University of Arizona, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/623557.

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Class of 2011 Abstract
OBJECTIVES: To determine the appropriateness of antimicrobial therapy in patients initiated on empiric meropenem therapy. METHODS: Adult patients prescribed empiric meropenem therapy between January 1, 2010 and March 31, 2010 at a tertiary care, academic medical center were included. Data collected included site of infection, culture and susceptibility data, risk factors for multi-drug resistant organisms, and changes in antimicrobial therapy during the first seven days after meropenem therapy was initiated. Demographic variables included age, sex, weight, and race. RESULTS: RESULTS: A total of 89 patients were included in the study analysis. Initial culture(s) was obtained before administration of antibiotics in only 58% of patients. During the first 24 hours of admission, four or more different antibiotics were prescribed in 26% of patients often with overlapping spectrums of activity. The majority of patients received meropenem for either less than 1 day or greater than 4 days. CONCLUSION: The primary issues identified with appropriate antibiotic prescribing involved the timing of cultures, and multiple changes in antibiotic therapy without culture-driven reasoning.
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Silva, Niléia Cristina da [UNESP]. "Remoção de antibióticos da água por meio do processo de adsorção em carvão ativado". Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/97882.

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Este trabalho trata da remoção de fármacos da água por meio do processo de adsorção, utili- zando como adsorvente o carvão ativado obtido da casca de coco da baía. Os fármacos utili- zados foram os antibióticos Amoxicilina, Ampicilina, Cefalexina e Ciprofloxacina. O adsor- vente de carvão ativado foi caracterizado por análise textural, determinação dos grupos funci- onais da superfície pelo método de titulação de Boehm e por FTIR e determinação do pH de ponto de carga zero (pHPCZ). Foi observado que o carvão apresenta uma área superficial de 745,38 m2/g , é constituído principalmente por microporos, é levemente alcalino (pHPCZ: 7,58) e possui tanto grupos funcionais ácidos como básicos em sua superfície. Os resultados mos- traram que a eficiência de remoção não sofre influência significativa do pH na faixa de 2 a 10. Os experimentos de adsorção foram realizados pelo processo de batelada, onde soluções aquosas de cada antibiótico foram colocadas em contato com diferentes dosagens de carvão ativado (0,05 a 2 g) a temperatura ambiente. As concentrações dos fármacos foram determi- nadas por cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência (HPLC), usando como fases móveis água e metanol em sistema de bombeamento gradiente. Os resultados de exatidão (repetibilidade), dos limites de detecção e de quantificação da técnica analítica demonstraram a aplicabilidade do método. A eficiência de remoção foi superior a 90% para todos os antibióticos. O equilí- brio de adsorção dos antibióticos foi alcançado após 4h e foi expresso por meio de isotermas de adsorção de acordo com os modelos de Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin e D-R. A isoterma de Langmuir foi a que melhor representou os dados experimentais da adsorção dos antibióti- cos em carvão ativado. A cinética de adsorção dos fármacos foi discutida...
This report is about medicine removal from water by using adsorption process, employing activated carbon as absorvent obtained from baía coconut nutshell. The medicines used were the antibiotics Amoxillin, Ampicillin, Cephalexin and Ciprofloxacin. The activated carbon adsorbent was characterized by textural analysis, surface functional group determination by Boehm and FTIR titration method and the pH of point of zero charge (pHpzc) determination. It was observed that carbon presents a 745,38 m2/g superficial area, its essentially composed by micropores, its slightly alkaline (pHpzc: 7,58) and owns either acidy or basic functional groups on its surface. The results showed that removal performance does not suffered signifi- cant influence from pH on a group from 2 to 10. The adsorption experiments were accom- plished by batch process, where watery solutions from each antibiotic were in touch with dif- ferent activated carbon doses (0,05 to 2 g) and environmental temperature. The medicine con- centrations were determined by high performance liquid chromatgraphy (HPLC), employing water as moving phases and gradient methanol pump system. The accuracy results (repeata- bily), detection limits and quantification of analytic technique presented the aplicability of the method. The removal performance was higher thn 90% to all antibiotic. The adsorption bal- ance of antibiotics was reached after 4 hours and it was expressed by adsorption isotherms according to Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin and D-R models. Langmuir isotherm best repre- sented experimental data of antibiotic adsorption on activated carbon. The adsorption kinec- tics of medicines was discussed employing pseudo first and second order kinetic models, by Elovich and intraparticle difussion. The kinectic model of pseudo second order can better de- scribe medicine... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
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Batista, Ana Paula dos Santos [UNESP]. "Degradação de antibióticos sulfonamidas por processo foto-Feton: identificação de intermediários". Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/105698.

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A degradação foto-Fenton dos antibióticos sulfonamidas sulfadiazina (SDZ) e sulfatiazol (STZ) mediados por Fe(III)-oxalato foi estudada nesse trabalho. A influência da complexação de íons ferro, a concentração de H2O2 e o pH na velocidade inicial de degradação dos antibióticos foi avaliada. A degradação de SDZ e STZ foi melhorada na presença de Fe(III)-oxalato em comparação a Fe(NO3)3, alcançando completa degradação após 8 minutos de irradiação em pH 2,5 na presença de 5 mM H2O2 (equivalente a [H2O2]/[antibiótico] = 50). Também foi possível estender a faixa de pH do processo foto-Fenton na presença de Fe(III)-oxalato alcançando mais de 69% de degradação em pH 6, embora sem significante mineralização. A comparação da cinética de degradação dos antibióticos indicou que a STZ é mais recalcitrante provavelmente devido à baixa densidade eletrônica do seu anel tiazol em relação ao anel pirimidínico na SDZ. Experimentos de fotodegradação das sulfonamidas por irradiação gama da água na presença de N2O foram executados e seus produtos de degradação, identificados por análise LC/MS, foram comparados àqueles formados por processo foto-Fenton. Os intermediários de degradação formados são compostos hidroxilados após entrada de grupos hidroxilas no anel benzênico assim como no anel pirimidínico na molécula da SDZ e no anel tiazol na molécula da STZ, seguido por abertura dos anéis durante processo de descarbonilação
The photo-Fenton degradation of the sulfonamide antibiotics sulfadiazine (SDZ) and sulfathiazole (STZ) mediated by Fe(III)-oxalate was studied in this work. The influence of iron complexation, H2O2 concentration and pH on the initial SDZ and STZ degradation rate was evaluated. Degradation of both antibiotics is improved in the presence of Fe(III)-oxalate in comparison to free iron, achieving complete degradation after 8 min irradiation at pH 2.5 in the presence of 5 mM H2O2 (equivalent to H2O2/antibiotic = 50). It was also possible to extend pH range of the photo-Fenton reaction by the use of Fe(III)-oxalate reaching more the 69% degradation at pH 6, however without significant mineralization. Comparison of the degradation kinetics of both sulfonamides indicated higher recalcitrance of STZ due to the lower electron density of its thiazol ring in relation to pyrimidine ring in SDZ. The sulfonamides photodegradation experiments by water gamma-irradiation in presence of N2O were also executed and their by-products, identified by LC/MS analysis, were compared to that formed from photo-Fenton process. The intermediates of degradation formed are hydroxylated compounds with entrance of hydroxyl group in the benzenic ring as well as in both pyrimidine ring in the SDZ molecule and thiazole group in the STZ ring, followed by rings opening during decarbonylation process
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Fisher, Morgane, (Dennison) Jaime Thomas e Danielle Weimann. "Effects of an Educational Intervention on Parental Knowledge Regarding Antibiotic Resistance". The University of Arizona, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/624276.

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Class of 2008 Abstract
Objectives: To evaluate changes in parental knowledge regarding antibiotic use and antibiotic resistance with an educational intervention given at elementary school parent-teacher association (PTA) meetings. Methods: This was an analytical pre-test/post-test study of an educational intervention given at two elementary schools in the Phoenix metro area. The primary dependent variable was a knowledge measure, calculated as a total score. The changes between the pre- and post-test total score means were compared using a dependent t-test. The a-priori alpha level used was 0.05. Results: The study sample consisted of 25 participants. Study data were collected between September 2007 and December 2007. The mean (SD) pre- and post-test scores were 33.7 (4.4) and 40.7 (2.7), respectively (p < 0.05). Conclusions: The educational intervention presented at elementary school PTA meetings resulted in a significant knowledge increase regarding the appropriate use of antibiotics when pre- and post-test scores were compared.
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Starosta, Agata Lucyna. "Antibiotics and translation". Diss., Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 2012. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-170210.

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Tangeman, Lorraine Susan. "Can Antibiotics From Recently Discovered Marine Actinobacteria Slow the Tide of Antibiotic Resistance?" Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1377522942.

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Più fonti

Libri sul tema "Antibiotics"

1

Sköld, Ola. Antibiotics and Antibiotic Resistance. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118075609.

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Sadao, Teshiba, a cura di. Antibiotics.: Antibiotics by fermentation. Yverdon, Switzerland: Gordon and Breach Science Publishers, 1993.

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Hays, Virgil W. Antibiotics for animals: The antibiotic-resistance issue. Ames, Iowa: Council for Agricultural Science and Technology, 1989.

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Sass, Peter, a cura di. Antibiotics. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-6634-9.

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Walsh, Christopher. Antibiotics. A cura di Timothy Wencewicz. Washington, DC, USA: ASM Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/9781555819316.

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Gualerzi, Claudio O., Letizia Brandi, Attilio Fabbretti e Cynthia L. Pon, a cura di. Antibiotics. Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9783527659685.

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Shlaes, David M. Antibiotics. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-9057-7.

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Lancini, Giancarlo, Francesco Parenti e Gian Gualberto Gallo. Antibiotics. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-9200-3.

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Sass, Peter, a cura di. Antibiotics. New York, NY: Springer US, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-2855-3.

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E, Tomlinson, e Regosz A, a cura di. Antibiotics. Oxford [Oxfordshire]: Pergamon Press, 1985.

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Capitoli di libri sul tema "Antibiotics"

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Jeske, Arthur H. "Antibiotics and Antibiotic Prophylaxis". In Contemporary Dental Pharmacology, 39–46. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-99852-7_5.

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Jeske, Arthur H. "Antibiotics and Antibiotic Prophylaxis". In Contemporary Dental Pharmacology, 43–51. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-53954-1_5.

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Millar, Michael. "A Capability Perspective on Antibiotic Resistance, Inequality, and Child Development". In Ethics and Drug Resistance: Collective Responsibility for Global Public Health, 225–42. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-27874-8_14.

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Abstract Nussbaum’s capability theory by drawing attention to multiple determinants of wellbeing provides a rich and relevant evaluative space for framing antibiotic resistance. I consider the implications of antibiotic resistance for child development and adult capabilities. There are common risk factors for childhood growth stunting and the spread of infectious diseases in both antibiotic sensitive and resistant forms. The interaction between infectious diseases, antibiotic resistance and growth stunting illustrates a clustering of disadvantage. The control of antibiotic resistance requires wide-ranging cooperative action. Cooperation is predicated on an expectation of equitable access to effective antibiotics. This expectation is confounded by inequality both in access to antibiotics, and in the risk that available antibiotics will be ineffective. Securing child development (and adult capabilities) requires that inequalities both in access to antibiotics and in risk factors for the dissemination and transmission of antibiotic resistance are addressed. Inequality undermines the cooperative activity that is control of infectious diseases and compounds the threat to the securing of capabilities that arises from antibiotic resistance.
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Özcan, Özal. "Antibiotics". In Musculoskeletal Research and Basic Science, 651–63. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-20777-3_38.

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Surivet, Jean-Philippe, e Philippe Panchaud. "Antibiotics". In Methods and Principles in Medicinal Chemistry, 433–75. Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9783527674381.ch15.

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Mehlhorn, Heinz. "Antibiotics". In Encyclopedia of Parasitology, 1. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-27769-6_217-2.

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Phan, Yih Chyn, e Bob Yang. "Antibiotics". In Female Urinary Tract Infections in Clinical Practice, 29–38. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-27909-7_4.

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Popella, Peter. "Antibiotics". In The Palgrave Encyclopedia of Global Security Studies, 1–5. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-74336-3_516-1.

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Schaub, Günter. "Antibiotics". In Encyclopedia of Parasitology, 157–60. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-43978-4_217.

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Marik, Paul Ellis. "Antibiotics". In Handbook of Evidence-Based Critical Care, 123–31. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-5923-2_12.

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Atti di convegni sul tema "Antibiotics"

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Khudadad, Hanan, e Lukman Thalib. "Antibiotics Prescription Patterns in Primary Health Care in Qatar – A Population based study from 2017 to 2018". In Qatar University Annual Research Forum & Exhibition. Qatar University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.29117/quarfe.2020.0169.

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Background: Antibiotics are antimicrobial drugs used in the treatment and prevention of bacterial infections. They played a pivotal role in achieving major advances in medicine and surgery (1). Yet, due to increased and inappropriate use of antibiotics, antibiotic resistance (AR) has become a growing public health problem. Information on antibiotic prescription patterns are vital in developing a constructive approach to deal with growing antibiotic resistance (2). The study aims to describe the population based antibiotic prescriptions among patients attending primary care centers in Qatar. Methodology: A population based observational study of all medications prescribed in the all Primary Health Care Centers during the period of 2017-2018 in Qatar. Records with all medication prescriptions were extracted and linked to medical diagnosis. Antibiotics prescriptions records were compared to non- antibiotics records using logistic regression model in identifying the potential predictors for antibiotic prescriptions. Results: A total of 11,069,439 medication prescriptions given over a period of two-years, we found about 12.1% (n= 726,667) antibiotics prescriptions were antibiotics, and 65% of antibiotics are prescribed and received by the patients at the first visits. Paracetamol (22.3%) was the first highest medication prescribed followed by antibiotics (12.1 %) and vitamin D2 (10.2 %). More than half of all antibiotics prescribed during the period of January 2017 to December 2018 were Penicillin (56.9%). We found that half of the antibiotics (49.3 %) have been prescribed for the respiratory system comparing to the other body system. We found that males were 29% more likely be given an antibiotic compared to females (OR=1.29, 95% CI= 1.24- 1.33). Implications: The study provides a baseline data to enable PHCC management to design effective intervention program to address the problem of antibiotics resistance. Furthermore, it will help the policymakers to comprehend the size of the issue and develop a system to manage the antibiotics therapy. Conclusion: Antibiotics was the second highest medication prescribed in the Primary Health Care Centers in Qatar after paracetamol and most of the patients received it at the first visit. Most of the prescriptions in Primary Health Care Centers in Qatar were for the respiratory system, and Penicillin was the highest class prescribed. Male visitors were prescribed antibiotics more than female visitors.
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Vasić, Katja, Mateja Primožič, Mislav Trbušić, Viktor Goričan, Marko Jesenik, Anton Hamler, Željko Knez, Yilmaz Yürekli e Maja Leitgeb. "Magnetic Field as a Tool for Enhancing β -Lactamase Activity". In International Conference on Technologies & Business Models for Circular Economy. University of Maribor Press, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.18690/um.fkkt.1.2024.11.

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β-Lactam antibiotics have been extensively employed in bacterial treatment ever since penicillin's groundbreaking discovery. Despite the proliferation of antibiotics in the pharmaceutical sector today, bacteria often evolve defense mechanisms. Chief among these is the production of β-lactamase enzymes, which degrade β-lactam antibiotics, representing a prevalent form of antibiotic resistance. Additionally, these antibiotics exhibit limited biodegradability, with only 20% breaking down naturally. Hence, finding effective methods to mitigate the presence of β-lactam antibiotics is crucial in combating antibiotic pollution.
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V.E., Kuskaeva. "ANTIBIOTICS IN AGRICULTURE". In OF THE ANNIVERSARY Х INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC AND PRACTICAL CONFERENCE «INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGIES IN SCIENCE AND EDUCATION» («ITSE 2022» CONFERENCE). DSTU-Print, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.23947/itse.2022.103-106.

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In recent years, the problem of antibiotic resistance has become more and more relevant. The trend of development of this problem is gaining momentum due to many different factors, but it is difficult to imagine life without antibiotics today. We need to learn how to use antibiotics properly to avoid further problems.
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Niyonshuti, Eric, Zacharia Waithaka Ng’ang’a, Özer Hakan Bayraktar e Figen Kırkpınar. "Antibiotic Free Poultry Production-Focus on Antimicrobial Resistance, Challenges, and Alternatives". In 6th International Students Science Congress. Izmir International Guest Student Association, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.52460/issc.2022.008.

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Antibiotics play a huge role in poultry production as they are used to treat clinical diseases, to prevent and control common diseases and to enhance animal growth. However, misuse of antibiotics over time has led to the development of antimicrobial resistance in both animals and humans. Therefore, antibiotic free production of poultry has been on an increase in line with consumers’ preference for the same. However, a ban on antibiotics places a heavy burden on disease control and production costs of poultry. It also creates a need for alternatives whereby major companies have developed products like probiotics and essential oils in order to reduce the need for antibiotics in poultry production. The aim of this review is to highlight the journey towards antibiotic-free poultry production, role of antibiotics in the development of resistance, challenges encountered and alternatives used in antibiotic free production. In conclusion, this article recommends that antibiotics should not be completely banned due to poultry welfare issues. However, antibiotics should be used by trained personnel to only treat and control diseases.
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Malancea, Nicolae, e Nicolae Starciuc. "Date statistice privind consumul de antibiotice utilizate în creșterea păsărilor din Republica Moldova". In Scientific and practical conference with international participation: "Management of the genetic fund of animals – problems, solutions, outlooks". Scientific Practical Institute of Biotechnologies in Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.61562/mgfa2023.56.

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The development of antimicrobial resistance is closely related to the consumption of antibiotics in poultry, with the increase in the use of antibiotics, the incidence of antimicrobial resistance also increases, therefore it is important to monitor and verify the effectiveness of the antibiotics used in poultry farming. The probability of antibiotic treatment failure rises as a result of the transfer of resistance genes from poultry to people. Both human and animal welfare have benefited from the usage of antibiotics. However, improper use of antibiotics in any sector leads to the emergence of antibiotic-resistant pathogenic microorganisms that have negative health effects on both people and animals. It is well known that more than 50% of all antibiotics produced globally are used in animal production, both therapeutically and non-therapeutically. This study documents antibiotic usage in poultry farming with specific focus on the role of poultry production in the development of antimicrobial resistance pathogens. The market of veterinary medicines, including antibiotics, in the Republic of Moldova is mainly covered by imports. Thus, about 87% of the antibiotics that can be used in poultry farming are imported and only 13% from local production. Another important aspect with reference to antibiotics used in poultry farming is the fact that about 21% of antibiotics are part of category B (the group of antibiotics that are of critical importance in human medicine), according to the classification of AntiMicrobial Expert Group. Therefore inappropriate use of antibiotics from this category represent an increased risk to human health.
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Pečan, Luka Irenej, Francisco-Righoberto Barrios e Jeran Marko. "Cannabinoid Molecules from Cannabis Sativa L. as a Promissing Solution for Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus (MRSA)". In Socratic Lectures 8. University of Lubljana Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.55295/psl.2023.i15.

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Scientists are working to develop new types of antibiotics to combat the growing problem of antibiotic resistance in bacteria. One potential source of these new drugs is the plant Cannabis sativa L., which has been used for medical purposes for centuries. The beneficial properties of this plant are mainly due to the presence of compounds called cannabinoids. Researchers are currently exploring the use of cannabinoids to treat various infections, although they are mainly known for their psychoactive effects. Some studies have shown that certain cannabinoids can be effective against harmful bacteria including those that are resistant to common antibiotics. In addition, a combination of different antibiotics has been shown to be more effective than a single antibiotic. Keywords: Cannabis sativa L.; Cannabinoids; Methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA); Antibiotics; Bacteria; Biological activity
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Kumalasari, Yeni Indra, Agung Dian Kharisma e Sri Yuwantiningsih. "Potential of Karimunjawa Island’s Plants as Antibiotic-Producing Endophytic Bacteria Sources". In The 2nd International Conference on Technology for Sustainable Development. Switzerland: Trans Tech Publications Ltd, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/p-kv25ou.

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Endophytic bacteria have a great potential to be applied as biofertilizers and biopesticides, but their information as a source of antibiotics still needs to be developed and explored. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential sources of antibiotics in endophytic bacteria isolated from the stems of Setigi, Wahong, Bongko, Kalimosodo, Dewandaru, and Legundi plants on Karimunjawa Island. Molecular approaches were performed to isolate, characterize, and identify bacterial endophytes as potential antibiotic sources by plate assay and 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. Dewandaru isolate was identified as gram-negative bacteria, whereas; gram-positive bacteria were detected in other isolates. Moreover, Setigi and Dewandaru isolates showed the highest level to inhibit the growth of Fusarium sp and displayed 99% similarity with antibiotic-producing bacteria, namely Bacillus pumilus and Bacillus cereus, respectively. These results indicate the possibility of antibiotic activities by Setigi and Dewandaru isolated. Therefore, it is assumed that both Setigi and Dewandaru isolates potentially appeared as new antibiotics sources from local plants. This study provides novel insight into the future production of novel antibiotics derived from plant-associated endophytic bacterial as a strategy for increasing the application of natural compounds to control plant diseases in agriculture.
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Trentin, Kamila Mesacasa, e Jane Dagmar Pollo Renne. "Antimicrobial prescription errors and the impact on the patient's hospitalization in the ICU". In III SEVEN INTERNATIONAL MULTIDISCIPLINARY CONGRESS. Seven Congress, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.56238/seveniiimulti2023-180.

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Introduction: Patients hospitalized in Intensive Care Units (ICU) have a more complex clinic and are more susceptible to polypharmacy with antibiotics, and this factor can compromise the care with safe patient care. Objective: To verify patient safety in the prescription of antibiotics in the ICU and its relationship with the length of stay in a large hospital located in the north of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Methodology: Cross-sectional study in which electronic medical records of patients admitted to the ICU, from February to May 2019, using antibiotics and hospitalization longer than 48 hours, were analyzed. The following variables were considered: age, gender, underlying disease, comorbidities, length of ICU stay, clinical outcome, antibiotic prescribed, and antibiotic prescription errors. For statistical analysis, SPSS 2.5 statistical program was used. Approval CAAE 99487118.5.0000.5343. Findings: 238 patients admitted to the ICU were prescribed antibiotics, with a prevalence of males (54.6%) and 51.3% as the main clinical outcome were discharged. The main underlying diseases were neurological (21%), cardiac (19.7%) and infectious (16.8%). The most prescribed antibiotics, vancomycin 500mg (31.5%), ceftriaxone 1g (31.1%) and meropenem 1g (30.7%). The presence of comorbidities such as acute renal 1.77 (1.11-2.81), hepatic 1.78 (1.05-3.02) and immunodeficiency 1.78 (1.27-2.49) presented a significant prevalence ratio for length of hospital stay. It was observed that regardless of the age of the patients, with each prescription error, the more antibiotics are prescribed, and according to the comorbidities, approximately 7, 3.4 and 2 days of hospitalization are prolonged, respectively. Conclusion: Patient safety is directly impaired with each antibiotic prescription error and the greater the number of these drugs prescribed to ICU patients, the higher the prevalence of length of stay.
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Maia, Lucas Henrique, Thaís Galdino Diniz, Vitor Carvalho Caetano, Marina Gomes Diniz, Pedro Lucas Bessa dos Reis, Gabriela Vieira Marques da Costa Leão, Vitor Moreira Nunes e Helton José dos Reis. "Antibiotic therapy as a risk factor in Parkinson’s disease". In XIII Congresso Paulista de Neurologia. Zeppelini Editorial e Comunicação, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5327/1516-3180.521.

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Background: Antibiotics exposure is related to gastrointestinal tract dysbiosis and appearance of systemic repercussions. Due to the correlation between Enteric Nervous System (ENS) and Central Nervous System (CNS), abnormalities in the gut microbiota have been associated with neurological disorders including Parkinson’s Disease (PD). Objectives: Search evidence in the scientific literature relating antibiotic therapy and Parkinson’s disease. Methods: A systematic review has been done using the descriptors “Parkinson’s disease”, “antibiotics” and “gut microbiota” in PubMed’s database. The research was conducted in april 2021, without temporal limitations, in english and portuguese. Results: Studies suggest that PD begins with intestinal inflammation and abnormal alpha-synuclein deposition in the ENS that follows, through nerves, to the CNS. Results show that leaky gut and dysbiosis preceded 5-10 years PD’s initial symptoms, while the intense exposure to antibiotics preceded 10-15 years the diagnostic. On average, PD patients received larger amounts of antibiotics than controls (p=0.021). Dysbiosis post-antibiotics presented reduced diversity of Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes and Prevotellaceae and growthing of Enterobacteriaceae, resulting in higher risk of gastrointestinal infections, higher rates of pro-inflammatory cytokines, increased permeability of gastrointestinal and brain-blood barriers and hyperexpression of the alpha-synuclein protein in the colon. Conclusion: Poorly controlled antibiotic therapy and its subsequent damage to gut microbiota anticipates PD’s early symptoms.
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Tikhomirov, Savva V., e Elena A. Sazonova. "Antibiotics and antibiotic resistance genes in animal products". In Агропромышленный комплекс: проблемы и перспективы развития. Благовещенск: Дальневосточный государственный аграрный университет, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.22450/9785964205494_3_30.

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Rapporti di organizzazioni sul tema "Antibiotics"

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Peñaloza, Blanca. Which interventions can improve antibiotic prescription in ambulatory setting? SUPPORT, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.30846/11080608.

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The unnecessary use of antibiotics in the ambulatory setting can produce increased antimicrobial resistance among bacterial pathogens. This increasing prevalence of antibiotic resistance has led to the use of more expensive and broad spectrum antibiotics, contributing to increasing health care costs. Numerous strategies to reduce inappropriate use of antibiotics have been implemented by investigators and organizations at the clinician, patient and organization level.
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Lilley, Laura Margaret. Radiopharmaceutical Antibiotics. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), luglio 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1458965.

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Naegeli, Hanspeter, Noémie Boillat Blanco, Benedikt Huttner, Mireille Meylan e Vivianne Visschers. Optimized use of antibiotics and behavior changes. Swiss National Science Foundation SNSF, novembre 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.46446/publication_nrp72.2022.4.en.

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The thematic synthesis “Optimized use of antibiotics and behavior changes” summarises the NRP 72 research that developed and tested interventions aimed at reducing and optimising antibiotic usage. It formulates detailed conclusions and recommendations in this area, which have been drafted in collaboration with researchers and numerous stakeholders.
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Wierup, Martin, Helene Wahlström e Björn Bengtsson. How disease control and animal health services can impact antimicrobial resistance. A retrospective country case study of Sweden. O.I.E (World Organisation for Animal Health), aprile 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.20506/bull.2021.nf.3167.

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Data and experiences in Sweden show that it is possible to combine high productivity in animal production with the restricted use of antibiotics. The major key factors that explain Sweden’s success in preventing AMR are: Swedish veterinary practitioners were aware of the risk of AMR as early as the 1950s, and the need for prudent use of antibiotics was already being discussed in the 1960s. Early establishment of health services and health controls to prevent, control and, when possible, eradicate endemic diseases reduced the need for antibiotics. Access to data on antibiotic sales and AMR made it possible to focus on areas of concern. State veterinary leadership provided legal structures and strategies for cooperation between stakeholders and facilitated the establishment of coordinated animal health services that are industry-led, but supported by the State.
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Lopez Bautista, Cesar Augusto, e Sandrasegaram Gnanakaran. Permeation profiles of Antibiotics. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), ottobre 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1398894.

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Ciapponi, Agustín. What is the effectiveness of interventions to improve antibiotic prescribing practices for hospital inpatients? SUPPORT, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.30846/1610132.

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In-hospital infections caused by antibiotic-resistant bacteria and Clostridium difficile are associated with higher rates of death, illness and prolonged hospital stay which is a serious problem for patients and healthcare systems. These infections occur because antibiotics are used too often and incorrectly.
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Helmut, Bürgmann, Adrian Egli, Andreas Endimiani, Roger Stephan, Sarah Tschudin Sutter e Wolf-Dietrich Hardt. Routes and reservoirs of AMR-determinants & One Health AMR-surveillance. Swiss National Science Foundation SNSF, novembre 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.46446/publication_nrp72.2022.2.en.

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Abstract (sommario):
The thematic synthesis “Optimized use of antibiotics and behavior changes” summarises the NRP 72 research that developed and tested interventions aimed at reducing and optimising antibiotic usage. It formulates detailed conclusions and recommendations in this area, which have been drafted in collaboration with researchers and numerous stakeholders.
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Monteiro, Alvaro N. Restoring BRCA1 Function With Antibiotics. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, agosto 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada410655.

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Bienkowski, P. R., C. H. Byers e D. D. Lee. Expedient antibiotics production: Final report. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), maggio 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6917476.

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Monteiro, Alvaro N. Restoring BRCA1 Function With Antibiotics. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, settembre 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada420394.

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