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Articoli di riviste sul tema "Anthropologie urbaine – Medellín (Colombie)"
Deirdre, Meintel. "Ethnicité". Anthropen, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.17184/eac.anthropen.095.
Testo completoTesi sul tema "Anthropologie urbaine – Medellín (Colombie)"
Joeck, Samantha. "Street Interactions and the Spatial Dynamics of Gender and Social Class in Medellín, Colombia". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris, EHESS, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024EHES0100.
Testo completoThis doctoral dissertation adopts a spatial perspective to explore how gendered street interactions affect the experience of and access to Medellín’s urban public spaces. It is particularly concerned with comments men direct at women in public places (many of which are commonly understood to be “street harassment” and locally referred to as “street compliments”), mobilizing an intersectional approach to analyze how their use, contestation, and regulation are affected by entwined power structures related to gender, class, and race. I examine how these interactions perpetuate racial and class hierarchies rooted in colonial history by upholding gendered polarities that distinguish between “respectable” and “dishonourable” women, a distinction implicit to caste categories in place under colonial rule. I similarly examine the role these interactions play in upholding a corresponding masculine polarity between “protectors” and “aggressors.” The research is based on seven months of immersive ethnographic fieldwork, which included observations of public spaces and over 70 semi-structured interviews in addition to innovative methodologies such as mobile interviews and social cartography. It was conducted in 2018 and 2019, shortly after the signing of peace accords between the Colombian government and the FARC [The Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia] in 2016. Medellín was particularly affected by Colombia’s armed conflict but has recently rebranded as a modern and innovative city on the international stage. This context gives rise to one of the central lines of inquiry in my thesis, which looks at the ways in which both legal and illegal forces of order (Medellín’s municipal government and local paramilitary groups, respectively), alternately condemn or engage in the harassment of women in public spaces as a means to consolidate control over territories and uphold particular economic and social orders
Esta tesis doctoral adopta una perspectiva espacial para explorar cómo las interacciones generizadas en los espacios públicos afectan la estructura, el acceso y la percepción de estos espacios en la ciudad de Medellín. Focaliza particularmente los comentarios masculinos dirigidos hacia mujeres desconocidas en lugares públicos (que son ampliamente comprendidos como “acoso callejero” pero habitualmente llamados “piropos callejeros” a nivel local), adoptando un enfoque interseccional para examinar cómo su utilización, regulación y cuestionamiento son modulados por estructuras de poder interconectadas que están relacionadas con el género, la clase social, y la raza. Examina cómo estas interacciones participan de la reproducción de jerarquías de raza y de clase social arraigadas en la historia colonial a través del mantenimiento de polaridades de género que distinguen entre mujeres “respetables” y “deshonrosas,” una clasificación implícita en las categorías de casta vigentes en la época colonial. También indaga el papel de estas interacciones a la hora de mantener la correspondiente polaridad masculina entre hombres “protectores” y “agresores”. La investigación está basada en siete meses de trabajo de campo etnográfico e inmersivo que incluyó la observación de espacios públicos y más de 70 entrevistas semiestructuradas, además de metodologías innovadoras como entrevistas móviles y cartografía sensible. El trabajo de campo se realizó en 2018 y 2019, poco tiempo después de la firma de los acuerdos de paz entre el gobierno colombiano y el grupo FARC (Fuerzas armadas revolucionarias de Colombia) en 2016. Medellín se vio particularmente afectada por el conflicto armado pero recientemente ha logrado reinventarse como ciudad moderna e innovadora en la escena internacional. Este contexto da lugar a una de las líneas centrales de investigación de la tesis, que analiza cómo distintos organismos de control legales e ilegales (el gobierno municipal y los grupos armados organizados, respectivamente) condenan o participan, alternativamente, en el acoso de mujeres en los espacios públicos como medio para consolidar el control sobre los territorios y mantener determinados órdenes económicos y sociales
Garcia, Quintero Juan de Jesús. "La ségrégation socio-spatiale à Medellin (Colombie) : les ensembles résidentiels fermés". Paris, EHESS, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007EHES0122.
Testo completoThis thesis is concerned with the study of urban fragmentation, caused by the ambient and omnipresent fear of violence in society. The study specifically focuses on Medellin in Colombia, which proves an interesting case due to its title as "The most dangerous city in the world". The phenomenon of enclosed or private neighbourhoods appears in part to be a consequence of the fragmentation of society, caused by a need for enhanced security. Beyond the enclosed or private neighbourhoods, violence has resulted in the closure of whole city zones. This partition has not been as a result of concrete walls, but through the fear of the population of armed protagonists in a complex environment of violence. This work aims to understand the fragmentation process in relation to socio-spatial segregation. The study is limited to an area of 105m² of the urban zone and is divided into three parts, namely 1) Possible social mixtures, 2) the socio-spatial segregation of Medellin, urban textures and social identities, and 3) the internal borders
Londoño, Catalina. "Les Nouvelles formes de violence urbaine en Colombie : les déplacements forcés à Medellín et Barrancabermeja". Paris 12, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA123012.
Testo completoForced displacement is an issue which has affected Colombia for a long time, but which only drew the attention of the State in the 1990's. Although Colombian public opinion considers that cities are secluded from the actions of armed groups, both official and unofficial, and that combats between said groups belong exclusively to rural areas, the current dynamic of the conflict calls for us to study forced displacement inside urban areas. The presence of armed illegal groups in urban areas, their cooperation and clashes with several delinquency groups and their confrontations with the National Army and Police have produced the involuntary displacement of people within diverse districts of a same city. Taking into account the above, our research proposal is to describe and analyze intra-urban displacement as a new form of urban violence, a direct consequence of internal conflict. We have as case studies the cities of Medellín and Barrancabermeja
Lopez, Pelaez Juanita. "La construction sociale du risque à Medellin (Colombie) : gouvernance locale et représentations". Paris, EHESS, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008EHES0071.
Testo completoThis work analyses the process of social construction of risk in Medellin. Since the middle of the 20th century "natural" disaster due to landslides, floods and flashfloods has caused over 1,000 deaths, affecting over 50,000 people and destroying over 5,000 homes. Although the city itself has been marked by a great catastrophe, understood in its classic sense, such as Villatina in 1987, disasters are mostly "small disasters" that affect the daily lives of informal settlement inhabitants. Nevertheless, their accumulated "major effects" in time and space have historically been brushed aside by the affected people themselves as well as by local authorities. The pattern of disasters shows the way in which social segmentations have taken place resulting in particular from a heterogeneous distribution of public utilities, leading to the accelerated degradation of a geographically constraining site. This context is common to other Andean cities as well as, in general, to aIl developing cities. The main interest of this case study is that a lot of resources have been invested in the last three decades in attempting to assess and manage risk. Medellin is also the city where different urban risks at various levels coexist, particularly in regard to the Colombian political conflict, making risk assessment more difficult. Through a large field research, this study looks at the relationships that exist between public policies, actions and social representations of risk and disasters. The dissertation is organized in three main parts: first accumulated effects of disasters are analyzed from a historical point of view and in relation to the underlying causes of "vulnerability as well as the roots of the public debate about risk. Secondly, it analyses the main strategies of risk reduction that have been applied. Finally, it analyses the contradictions between risk governance and disaster response and the difficulties of achieving risk governance from a bottom-up perspective. Instead of being a framework allowing us to understand the complexity of elements that compose risk and to move towards a sustainable urban development, this work brought us to the conclusion that local public risk management policies have been used mainly as a tool to constrain informal urban development. As a consequence, this fragmented vision has inhibited the improvement of a more holistic and multi-hazard approach concerning the conurbation as a whole and, in the other hand, it has aggravated the risk conditions of the most vulnerable groups of the population
Escobar, Villegas Juan Camilo. "Les élites intellectuelles en Euroamérique : imaginaires identitaires, hommes de lettres, arts et sciences à Medellin et en Antioquia (Colombie) : 1830-1920". Paris, EHESS, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004EHES0009.
Testo completoThis research deals with the history of imaginaires identitaires in Colombia, particulary in the Antioquia region as seen though the texts and images that the intellectual elites, mostly located in Medellin, produced between 1830 and 1920. We have discovered the constant presence of an identity discourse which strongly emphasized "the Antioqueña race". We propose a research which does not overlook the relationship between the local, global, regional, national and international dimensions. That is why we have focused on the intellectual formation of the elites taught us that the idea of nation was not overwhelmingly present. They led us to think that the idea of region may sometimes be more powerful. In fact, the cities appear as the concrete worlds in the name of which men and women build their history. Therefore, we came to the conclusion that, for the elites of the nineteenth century, the material "progress" of the cities and the "civilizing processes" of everyday life were more important than the formation of what was known as national states. Consequently, a certain common structure linked the cities concerned to the "civilizing project". But one can also speak a long history of exchanged glances and contacts which developed according to the comings and goings of tastes, practices, ideas and of the people of Euroamerica who were attached to the great ideal of the nineteenth century : having a powerful imaginaire identitaire, which is one of the most crucial components of this idea of "progress and civilisation"
Reiss, Camille. "Imaginaire et futur de la mobilité dans les quartiers informels d'Amérique du Sud. Rio de Janeiro (Brésil) et Medellín (Colombie)". Thesis, Paris Est, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020PESC1022.
Testo completoIn the 1990s, informal settlements in South America are officially recognized as constitutive entities of the city. A series of public transport infrastructures is then implanted to integrate these enclaved settlements with the rest of the city. The implementation of conventional systems having been prevented by the strong declivity of the sites, innovative solutions like cable car, funicular, elevator and escalators are imagined. Connecting these territories to the city's public transport network and reducing internal travel times, the Medellín Metrocable (2004) and the Alemão Complex cable car in Rio de Janeiro (2011) improve (in part) the mobility conditions of the inhabitants. However, we note that the many expropriations and relocations that these state projects generate, lead some of the population to oppose the realization of other projects of the same type. So, can we consider that the establishment of this type of infrastructure ensures a more equal access to the city?The persistence of informal transport to operate in the Alemão Complex, despite the existence of the cable car, seems to run counter to this first hypothesis. Operated by motorcycle taxi and vehicles adapted to the transport of passengers (Van and Kombi type), this network is characterized by its ability to infiltrate the urban microscale, while relaying mass transport. This principle of complementarity irrigates homogeneously the global and local scales of the city. However, is the rhizomic irrigation of the territory in transport a condition inherent to the right to mobility and the right to the city? Does it effectively fight sociospatial fragmentation and segregation? Does it define an urban strategy contributing to a more sustainable development of cities?The research assumes that the recognition of the informal neighborhoods as constitutive entities of the city would not be realized by a traditional urbanization process for their integration, but rather by the preservation of their specific urban condition and the self-organizational systems which govern them. The fight against social segregation would not necessarily involve the fight against spatial fragmentation, in that the diversity of the disparate entities that constitute contemporary cities can be considered as a necessary added value in order to imagine their futures. The study of the south american context revealed in this sense that the reinforcement of a certain degree of autonomy of these neighborhoods, in economic, cultural, educational, and other terms, was an additional way to act in favor of their integration, without imposing a top-down vision that is not adapted to the local context
Sierra, Cristancho Gina Paola. "Vivre en « Mode Bogotá » : pratiques et représentations dans une ville sous tension". Thesis, Paris, EHESS, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020EHES0118.
Testo completoThis doctoral thesis proposes to widen the question of urban practices and urban representations of security on the basis of the study of three different zones of Bogotá (Colombia): la Candelaria, La Macarena and Usaquén, between 2000 and 2018. The effects of insecurity and violence have been analysed in relation to the social use of public spaces and the town's politics related to these issues. This study is based on the urban experiences of citizens, their living spaces and the ways in which their every-day mobility has been shaped in these central zones of the Colombian capital city.This ethnographic study is also based on the choice of a dialogue between different methods and diverse sources, from semi-directed interviews, to mind maps and institutional documents, but also of representations that are implicit in certain literary works. This approach brings to light the existence of citizens’ skills specific to the Colombian metropolis: a "singular behaviour” in Bogotá that is conveyed through strategies and manoeuvres developed by citizens in order to face tense situations and different types of constraints. The practices and representations of the city are shaped into navigation charts and maps, created by the inhabitants of the studied zones, that condense the deep knowledge of the rhythms, the dynamics and the frontiers of the Bogotano territories.These practices reveal a set of shared codes, recognized and rooted in the urban society, that allow the solving of every-day problems linked to security. This citizen behaviour entails basic skills that have become, over time, a “shared common sense” that an inhabitant of Bogotá must possess in order to master the city in its material dimensions, especially in the territorial ones, but also in the symbolic or immaterial dimensions. This knowledge reveals a distinctive wisdom of the capital-city territory
Jiménez, Marzo Marc. "El Indigenismo como construcción epistemológica de dominación dentro del sistema-mundo moderno/colonial: el caso de los indígenas que viven en contexto urbano en la ciudad de Medellín, Colombia". Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/398709.
Testo completoIn Medellin, Colombia, there are indigenous migrated from thier communities who have built a multi-ethnic cabildo, the urban cabildo Chibcariwak, and they claim that can be indigenous living in the city. On the other hand, both the indigenous organization of the region, the Indigenous Organization of Antioquia – OIA – such as the Colombian State identity question the "authenticity" of these indigenous people living in urban context by the fact that do not comply with a series of features – living in contact with Nature, to practice own rituals, etc. –. In this paper, the indigenous discourse that forces these people to behave in a certain way if they want to "preserve" the identity is questioned, determining what is the locus enuntiationis from which it is built, and also the logic behind this discourse is questioned, that what, in the final analysis, is to reproduce in a epistemic level the domain and exploitation relations of coloniality. In short, this study seeks to determine whether the current indigenous movement is in this region of Colombia represents an alternative, or acts as an agent more of the modern/colonial world- system.
Arango, Luisa. "Ethnographies de la gestion de l'eau à Tuti (Khartoum, Soudan) et Cano de Loro (Carthagène, Colombie) : histoire, localité et politique dans une perspective d'anthropologie urbaine comparée". Thesis, Paris 8, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA080043/document.
Testo completoAt the turn of the twentieth century, numerous cities such as Cartagena (Colombia) and Khartoum (Sudan), adopted a centralized technical and administrative model for the management of drinking water. Associated since its construction to planned urban development projects, the water network constitutes a political technology and becomes a landmark of urban spatiality, for politicians as well as for technicians and urban dwellers. The compared analysis of access strategies, daily usage, and the role of water in the imagination of two populations with an ambiguous urban status – Caño de Loro (Cartagena) and Tuti (Khartoum) – allows us to approach the social complexity of contemporary cities in the South. The comparison supposes a reflexive orientation that leads us, over and beyond the socio-political dynamics of each context, to critically consider our categories of analysis. In the first part the water network is contextualized in the history of each city, where its recent apparition and setting up rests upon the reinforcement or creation of dense power relations, as well as a new conception of nature, particularly of water. Such relational and political features lead to, in the second part, an understanding of how the materiality of water and its sharing produces particular localities within the urban space. Therefore, the analysis of relations between public and private spheres through everyday water exchanges lets us discuss the relevance of the notion of “collective management” of resources in Cartagena and Khartoum. The third part considers the mechanisms draw on by different actors within the particular context of urban planning to negotiate their margin of action on land and water. It highlights the political dimension of identity categories as well as the transformative power of individual and collective actions in situations where resource management is crossed with individual, local, national, and global logics at the same time
Sanchez, Silva Luisa Fernanda. ""De totumas y Estantillos". Procesos migratorios, dinámicas de pertenencia y de diferenciación entre la Gente de Centro (Amazonia colombiana)". Thesis, Paris 3, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA030179/document.
Testo completoDuring the years 80, Colombian government returns the Predio Putumayo to its early inhabitants, The People of the Center, giving form to the biggest indigenous reservation of the country. This crucial act was not only the end of a long dispute between the indigenous people, the extractive enterprises and the state. It was also interpreted as a revolution in the traditional citizenship representations. However, if we look carefully to this process of territorial and politic recognition we will notice a simultaneous reality: the migration of hundreds of women to the cities of the country. This was a non-return trip from the little towns of the rain-forest‘s rivers to the unknown national cities. The experience of these pioneers‘ women built the bases of a solid migration network that today spreads out to the main cities of Colombia. Why did they leave their territory now that she counted –at least formally- with a political and cultural autonomy? Was their migratory decision a renunciation to the ―generalized difference‖ proclaimed by the multicultural discourse? The migrations project of those who left their region in that first time is it similar from the one of those who leaves today? This dissertation tries to answer to these questions through a reconstruction of the migration processes of The People of the Center to Leticia and Bogotá during the last 30 years. Then, it analyses the different strategies of migrant‘s urban insertion in the context of multiculturalism as the privileged administration mode between the indigenous people and the societies of departure and destination