Articoli di riviste: "Anorexia nervosa in adolescents"

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Neale, Josephine, e Lee D. Hudson. "Anorexia nervosa in adolescents". British Journal of Hospital Medicine 81, n. 6 (2 giugno 2020): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/hmed.2020.0099.

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Anorexia nervosa is an eating disorder with peak onset in adolescence, which carries the highest mortality rate of all psychiatric illnesses. It is commonly comorbid with other physical and mental health problems, yet training on management of people with eating disorders and working knowledge of clinicians working with underweight adolescents is inconsistent. This review of anorexia nervosa in adolescents provides an overview of the presentation, aetiology and treatment of this disorder, with a particular focus on the assessment and management of physical health risks, including refeeding syndrome.

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Tonhajzerova, Ingrid, Andrea Mestanikova, Alexander Jurko, Marian Grendar, Peter Langer, Igor Ondrejka, Tomas Jurko, Igor Hrtanek, Dana Cesnekova e Michal Mestanik. "Arterial stiffness and haemodynamic regulation in adolescent anorexia nervosa versus obesity". Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism 45, n. 1 (gennaio 2020): 81–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/apnm-2018-0867.

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Cardiovascular complications contribute to higher morbidity and mortality in patients with anorexia nervosa. We aimed to study biomarkers of cardiovascular risk in anorexic, normal-weight, and obese adolescents with focus on complex cardiovascular autonomic regulation and early arteriosclerotic damage. We examined 20 adolescent girls with anorexia nervosa, 20 obese girls, and 20 healthy normal-weight controls. Collected data: body composition analysis, 5 min recordings of R–R intervals and beat-to-beat blood pressure (BP), and arterial stiffness evaluated using cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI). Evaluated parameters: beat-to-beat heart rate and BP variability, haemodynamic parameters (total peripheral resistance (TPR) cardiac output), CAVI, and anthropometric indices, including novel body roundness index (BRI). Adolescents with anorexia nervosa had increased CAVI associated with lower arterial constriction indexed by low-frequency band of BP variability compared with normal-weight peers (p = 0.03, p = 0.04, respectively) and obese adolescents (p < 0.01, p = 0.01, respectively). After normalization of CAVI and TPR by BRI, the relationship between CAVI and TPR was significant for all groups with the highest slope in the anorexia nervosa group (R2 = 0.724, p < 0.01). This is the first study revealing early arteriosclerotic damage in anorexic girls with increased CAVI. Complex analysis of cardiovascular autonomic regulation, and early arteriosclerotic, hemodynamic, and anthropometric changes in spectrum anorexia nervosa, normal weight, and obesity could help to understand the mechanisms of increased cardiovascular risk in malnutrition. Novelty Girls with anorexia nervosa showed signs of early arteriosclerotic damage indexed by CAVI. Insufficient sympathetic cardiovascular control was found already in adolescents with anorexia nervosa. The effect of body composition on CAVI was best predicted by novel body roundness index.

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Csordas, Michele Casser, e Carolina Panceri. "Supervised physical exercise in adolescents with anorexia nervosa: systematic review". Revista Debates em Psiquiatria Ano 7 (18 aprile 2017): 16–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.25118/2236-918x-7-1-2.

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Diversos estudos abordam a prática da atividade física supervisionada em tratamento de anorexia nervosa, porém divergem em relação aos possíveis benefícios/prejuízos. Nosso objetivo foi revisar sistematicamente os efeitos do exercício físico supervisionado sobre o índice de massa corporal (IMC) em adolescentes durante o tratamento para anorexia nervosa. Foram consultadas as bases de dados: PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane e SCOPUS. Os termos de busca utilizados foram: exercise, anorexia e adolescente, sendo selecionados artigos baseados nos desfechos de interesse de IMC. Foi encontrado um total de 591 artigos. Destes, foram selecionados três, que analisaram os efeitos do exercício físico supervisionado sobre o IMC em adolescentes durante o tratamento para anorexia nervosa. Não houve prejuízos em relação ao peso das pacientes, porém os ganhos não foram tão evidentes por marcadores clínicos ou biológicos. Há uma carência de estudos que avaliem a validade de atividade física durante o tratamento de anorexia em adolescentes.

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Pászthy, Bea. "Medical complications in children and adolescents with anorexia nervosa". Orvosi Hetilap 148, n. 9 (1 marzo 2007): 405–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/oh.2007.27945.

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A gyermek- és serdülőkorban kezdődő anorexia nervosa súlyos, potenciálisan életveszélyes betegség, mely korai halálozáshoz, valamint élethosszig tartó szomatikus és pszichoszociális megbetegedésekhez vezethet. Az állapot jelentős testi szövődményeket okoz a növekvő és fejlődő szervezet csaknem minden szervrendszerében. Bár ezek az eltérések a betegség gyógyulásával, a táplálkozási/táplálási rehabilitációval túlnyomó részben javulnak, némely elváltozás irreverzíbilis marad.A közlemény az elmúlt két évtized idevágó közleményeinek áttekintése alapján összefoglalja a gyermek- és serdülőkorban kezdődő anorexia nervosa szomatikus szövődményeinek evidenciákon alapuló szakirodalmát. Tárgyalja az akut tüneteket, kiemelten foglalkozik a só–víz háztartás zavaraival és az újratáplálási szindrómával, valamint részletezi a kardiovaszkuláris komplikációkat. Összefoglalja a gyermek- és serdülőkori anorexiára speciálisan jellemző elváltozásokat: a csont ásványianyag-tartalom csökkenését és az osteopenia lehetséges terápiás lehetőségeit, valamint a hossznövekedésbeni elmaradást.A szakirodalom áttekintése alapján megállapítható, hogy a gyermek- és serdülőkori anorexia nervosa szomatikus szövődményei különböznek a felnőttek megbetegedéseitől. A sajátságos klinikai megjelenés, a korai kezdet és a hosszú távú következmények ismeretének hiánya miatt szükséges külön tárgyalni a gyermek- és serdülőkori anorexia nervosát a felnőttekétől és felhívni a figyelmet a betegség minél korábbi felismerésének és hatékony terápiájának szükségességére. Egyre nő azon evidenciák száma, melyek az anorexia nervosa felismerésében és kezelésében hangsúlyozzák és elengedhetetlenné teszik a multidiszciplináris szakembercsoportok szerepét.

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Margo, J. L. "Anorexia nervosa in adolescents". British Journal of Medical Psychology 58, n. 2 (giugno 1985): 193–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.2044-8341.1985.tb02634.x.

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Peterson, Kathleen, e Rebecca Fuller. "Anorexia nervosa in adolescents". Nursing 49, n. 10 (ottobre 2019): 24–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.nurse.0000580640.43071.15.

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Nicholls, Dasha. "Eating disorders in children and adolescents". Advances in Psychiatric Treatment 5, n. 4 (luglio 1999): 241–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/apt.5.4.241.

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The eating disorders of childhood and adolescence lie in the murky waters between those of adulthood anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa, and the feeding disorders of childhood. Early-onset eating disorders include anorexia nervosa, on which this article will focus. The younger the patient, however, the more likely he or she is to present an ‘atypical’ picture. Anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa have been previously addressed in this journal, by Palmer (1996) and Fairburn (1997). With older adolescents, ideas relevant to adult patients will be appropriate at times. Nevertheless, developmental issues should be borne in mind.

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North, Clive, Simon Gowers e Victoria Byram. "Family Functioning in Adolescent Anorexia Nervosa". British Journal of Psychiatry 167, n. 5 (novembre 1995): 673–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.167.5.673.

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BackgroundDifficulties in family functioning have been noted since early descriptions of anorexia nervosa and may be of importance aetiologically. Previous studies have a number of methodological problems.MethodThirty-five anorexic adolescents were age/sex matched with psychiatric and community controls. A diagnostic interview and a questionnaire, the Family Assessment Device (FAD) were administered to control subjects and their mothers. Anorexic families only received the McMaster Structured Interview of Family Functioning.ResultsMultivariate analyses of FAD scores showed pathological ratings for psychiatric control but not anorexic families, compared with community controls. By contrast objective ratings revealed marked dysfunction in anorexic families (greater in the purging subgroup).ConclusionFamily functioning in anorexic families is normal by self-report but not by an objective measure. Anorexic families in the purging subgroup appear most dysfunctional.

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Fitzpatrick, Kara Kathleen, Ann Moye, Renee Hoste, James Lock e Daniel le Grange. "Adolescent Focused Psychotherapy for Adolescents with Anorexia Nervosa". Journal of Contemporary Psychotherapy 40, n. 1 (26 giugno 2009): 31–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10879-009-9123-7.

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Misra, Madhusmita, e Anne Klibanski. "Anorexia nervosa and bone". Journal of Endocrinology 221, n. 3 (giugno 2014): R163—R176. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/joe-14-0039.

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Anorexia nervosa (AN) is a condition of severe low weight that is associated with low bone mass, impaired bone structure, and reduced bone strength, all of which contribute to increased fracture risk. Adolescents with AN have decreased rates of bone accrual compared with normal-weight controls, raising additional concerns of suboptimal peak bone mass and future bone health in this age group. Changes in lean mass and compartmental fat depots, and hormonal alterations secondary to nutritional factors contribute to impaired bone metabolism in AN. The best strategy to improve bone density is to regain weight and menstrual function. Oral estrogen–progesterone combinations are not effective in increasing bone density in adults or adolescents with AN, and transdermal testosterone replacement is not effective in increasing bone density in adult women with AN. However, physiological estrogen replacement as transdermal estradiol with cyclic progesterone does increase bone accrual rates in adolescents with AN to approximate that in normal-weight controls, leading to a maintenance of bone densityZ-scores. A recent study has shown that risedronate increases bone density at the spine and hip in adult women with AN. However, bisphosphonates should be used with great caution in women of reproductive age, given their long half-life and potential for teratogenicity, and should be considered only in patients with low bone density and clinically significant fractures when non-pharmacological therapies for weight gain are ineffective. Further studies are necessary to determine the best therapeutic strategies for low bone density in AN.

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HARRIS, ROBERT T. "Anorexia Nervosa and Bulimia Nervosa in Female Adolescents". Nutrition Today 26, n. 2 (marzo 1991): 30–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00017285-199103000-00008.

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Sari, Tri Indah, e Rezkiyah Rosyidah. "Pengaruh Body Shaming terhadap Kecenderungan Anorexia Nervosa pada Remaja Perempuan di Surabaya". Personifikasi: Jurnal Ilmu Psikologi 11, n. 2 (27 novembre 2020): 202–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.21107/personifikasi.v11i2.9105.

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ABSTRACTThere are many dramatic changes in adolescence, one of them is the physical changes in which adolescent girls are less satisfied with their bodies due to increased amount of fat. There is an assumption that having a thin body will be easier to adapt to the social environment, influencing adolescents in making a decision to go on a diet even though it causes a tendency to anorexia nervosa. This research was conducted to knowing the effect of body shaming on the tendency of anorexia nervosa in adolescent girls in Surabaya. This study uses a quantitative approach where the respondents in this study were adolescent girls who experienced the tendency of anorexia nervosa in the city of Surabaya with a total of 349 respondents. The instruments in this study were the body shaming scale and the tendency scale for anorexia nervosa. This study used to simple linear regression test to analyze data (with SPSS 24 for windows program). The results of the study show the value of F = 54.172; P = 0.00, and R = 0.135. This means that there is an effect of body shaming on the tendency of anorexia nervosa in teenage girls in Surabaya. ABSTRAK Banyak perubahan dramatis di usia remaja, salah satunya adalah perubahan fisik dimana remaja perempuan kurang puas dengan tubuhnya terkait dengan meningkatnya jumlah lemak. Adanya anggapan bahwa memiliki tubuh kurus akan lebih mudah beradaptasi dengan lingkungan sosial, mempengaruhi remaja dalam mengambil suatu keputusan untuk melakukan diet meskipun menimbulkan kecenderungan anorexia nervosa. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh body shaming terhadap kecenderungan anorexia nervosa pada remaja perempuan di Surabaya. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dimana responden dalam penelitian ini adalah remaja perempuan yang mengalami kecenderungan anorexia nervosa di kota Surabaya dengan jumlah 349 responden. Instrumen dalam penelitian ini adalah skala body shaming dan skala kecenderungan anorexia nervosa. Analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah uji regresi linier sederhana dengan bantuan program SPSS 24 for windows dimana hasil penelitian menunjukkan nilai F = 54,172; P = 0,00, dan R = 0,135. Artinya terdapat pengaruh body shaming terhadap kecenderungan anorexia nervosa pada remaja perempuan di Surabaya.

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Gowers, Simon G., e Clive North. "Difficulties in family functioning and adolescent anorexia nervosa". British Journal of Psychiatry 174, n. 1 (gennaio 1999): 63–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.174.1.63.

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BackgroundDifficulties in family functioning are often evident when an adolescent has anorexia nervosa, and the possible causative or contributory role of such difficulties in the illness is unclear.AimsTo elucidate the relationship between severity of anorexia nervosa and difficulties in family functioning and whether clinical improvement results in diminution of self-rated family difficulties.MethodThirty-five adolescents with anorexia nervosa and their mothers completed the Family Assessment Device (FAD) while clinicians administered the McMaster's Structured Interview of Family Functioning (McSIFF). Severity of anorexia nervosa was rated at baseline and at one year follow-up using the Morgan–Russell Schedule.ResultsClinicians and patients were more critical of the families' functioning than parents. There was an inverse association between the extent of family difficulties and severity of anorexia nervosa. Over time subjects improved clinically but this was not matched by improvement in family functioning.ConclusionsDifficulties in family functioning do not appear to be directly associated with severity of anorexia nervosa nor do these difficulties reduce with clinical improvement, in the short term.

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Munteanu, Cristina, e Anamaria Ciubara. "ANOREXIA NERVOSA IN ADOLESCENTS — CASE REPORT". Archiv Euromedica 11, n. 5 (17 ottobre 2021): 32–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.35630/2199-885x/2021/11/5.8.

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Although there is no universally recognized protocol for the evaluation of eating disorders, all specialists agree that a broad-spectrum evaluation is needed, given the multidetermined nature of this pathology. Therapeutic intervention, supportive psychotherapy and CBT, have as main objective cognitive restructuring, identifying and addresing psychological causes that cause, precede and trigger eating disorders - anorexia nervosa. Aim: To identify the role of psychotherapy and the entire interdisciplinary team in the treatment of anorexia nervosa. Case description: We present a case report of a 15-yearold girl diagnosed with anorexia nervosa, where I applied CBT. This case confirms by the objectives achieved, that CBT has a primordial role, in interrupting the vicious circle, somatic symptom- psychic-pseudo somatic symptom and to restore the emotional balance of the patient diagnosed with anorexia nervosa. Conclusion: Compliance with psychiatric treatment increases, by addressing psychotherapy, as a clinical intervention, in the treatment of this complex condition.

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Umarani, J., e Anand Amirthraj Annamalai. "Prevalence of anorexia nervosa among adolescent girls". Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science 15, n. 3 (3 novembre 2016): 466–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjms.v15i3.22030.

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Background: Girls tend to be more concerned about their physical appearance than boys during adolescent period. Adolescent girls are more likely to care for losing weight with the fear of being fat. Anorexia nervosa (AN), a form of self-starvation, is an eating disorder characterized by a distorted body image that leads to restricted eating and other behavior that prevents a person from gaining weight. It commonly occurs in teenage girls, although boys are also affected, especially in the prepubertal age group. Hence the researcher would like to assess the prevalence of anorexia nervosa among the adolescent nursing students.Objectives: 1. Determine the prevalence of anorexia nervosa among adolescent girls. 2. Find out the association between prevalence and selected demographic variables.Materials and Methods: The study was conducted among 100 B.Sc Nursing 1st year students at selected nursing colleges of Mangalore. The samples were selected by convenience sampling method. After obtaining informed consent and ethical clearance the data was collected by assessing the baseline proforma and Eating attitude Test.Findings: It was found that 31% of the adolescent girls were having high risk to anorexia nervosa and 69% were of no risk, whereas none of them were found consistent with anorexia nervosa. It was noted that all the 31 high risk girls were hostel residents. There was no association found between the risk of anorexia nervosa and the selected demographic variables.Conclusion: Some perceive anorexia as a simple case of vanity taken too far, but rather it is a complex psychological problem. So it is the responsibility of the teachers to create awareness among students by educating about the ill effects of anorexia nervosa which help us to prevent the incidence of anorexia nervosa and lead to healthy adolescents to the society.Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.15(3) 2016 p.466-470

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De Benedetta, Gabriella, Ida Bolognini, Silvia D'Ovidio e Antonello Pinto. "Cancer and Anorexia Nervosa in the Adolescence: A Family-Based Systemic Intervention". International Journal of Family Medicine 2011 (7 agosto 2011): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/769869.

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Objective. Anorexia nervosa is difficult to diagnose in cancer patients since weight loss, aversion for food, and eating disturbances are frequent in patients undergoing chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Nevertheless, efforts are mandatory to recognize and manage this condition which may occur also in cancer patients with a special regard to adolescents. Methods. Through the clinical history of Anna, a 15-year-old adolescent with advanced cancer, we describe the effectiveness of a family-based systemic intervention to manage anorexia nervosa occurring in concomitance to osteosarcoma. Results. Through a two-year psychotherapy period involving different techniques applied to the whole family such as family genogram, family collage, and sculpture of family time, Anna was relieved from her condition. Conclusions. Upon early diagnosis and appropriate treatment, anorexia nervosa can be effectively approached in adolescent cancer patients. The presence of a life-threatening medical condition such as cancer may provide motivation for a patient to control disordered eating behavior in the context of an appropriate family-based systemic intervention. The general frame of anorexia occurring in cancer-bearing adolescents is reviewed and discussed.

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Patel, Dilip R., Helen D. Pratt e Donald E. Greydanus. "Treatment of Adolescents with Anorexia Nervosa". Journal of Adolescent Research 18, n. 3 (maggio 2003): 244–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0743558403018003004.

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Attia, Evelyn. "Anorexia nervosa in adolescents: challenges remain". Lancet 383, n. 9924 (aprile 2014): 1191–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(13)62550-7.

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Gnanavel, Sundar. "Treatment of adolescents with anorexia nervosa". Lancet 384, n. 9939 (luglio 2014): 229–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(14)61204-6.

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Silber, Tomas Jose. "Anorexia Nervosa Among Children and Adolescents". Advances in Pediatrics 52 (gennaio 2005): 49–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.yapd.2005.03.003.

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Nicolau, I., A. Iotu, M. Leti, L. Andrei, M. Stancu e F. Rad. "Alexithymic traits in adolescents with Anorexia Nervosa". European Psychiatry 65, S1 (giugno 2022): S384. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/j.eurpsy.2022.973.

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Introduction Alexithymia is a construct which has been described in persons under the autistic spectrum. Besides Autistic Spectrum Disorders, alexithymia nowadays is highly correlated with several psychiatric disorders, among them being Eating Disorders. Several studies suggested a “cognitive-affective” division in the inner experience of patients with Anorexia Nervosa, because of their difficulty in describing, identifying and recognising their own emotions as well as others Objectives This study aims to identify how many adolescents diagnosed with Anorexia Nervosa meet the characteristics of alexithymic personality traits and in which domain of these traits they had the most struggles with. Methods The study lot includes 34 adolescents diagnosed with Anorexia Nervosa evaluated by a self report survey: Online Alexithymia Questionnaire-G2 (OAQ-G2). The cut-off scores are: 113 and above - correlated with alexithymia, 95-112 - correlated with possible alexithymia and under 94 - insignificant clinical score. We analyzed the result of every subcategory of the questionnaire in order to determine whether there is an area affected more than others. Results The sample included 34 patients, female to male ratio 31:3, evaluated in the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, “Prof. Dr. Alexandru Obregia” Psychiatry Hospital. 29,41% had clinically semnificative scores for alexithymic traits, while 52,94% scored for possibile alexithymia according to the OAQ-G2. Conclusions In 82,35% of patients from the lot we identified alexithymic personality traits. The F1 subcategory (difficulty identifying feelings) and F5a (problematic interpersonal process) were the ones that distinguished the alexithymic group from the possible alexithymic one. Disclosure No significant relationships.

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Rybakowski, Filip, Agnieszka Slopien, Marzena Zakrzewska, Elzbieta Hornowska e Andrzej Rajewski. "Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI) in adolescents with anorexia nervosa". Acta Neuropsychiatrica 16, n. 3 (giugno 2004): 169–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0924-2708.2004.00073.x.

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Background:Female patients with anorexia nervosa differ significantly from the control women in various dimensions of personality.Objective:To investigate the personality dimensions measured with the Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI) in adolescent patients with restrictive-type and bulimic/purging-type anorexia nervosa (ANR and ANB, respectively), and contrast them with the results of control females.Methods:Sixty-one patients with anorexia nervosa (36 ANR and 25 ANB) and 60 controls were tested with the TCI. A concomitant assessment of depression, body mass index and age was made to evaluate the possible correlation with personality dimensions.Results:Adolescent ANR patients scored higher in persistence, harm avoidance and cooperativeness, and lower in novelty seeking and self-transcendence than control women. ANB patients scored in the middle between ANR and control females, but differences did not reach the significance level with either group, except for the self-transcendence dimension where they scored significantly higher than those with ANR.Conclusions:The deviations in temperamental profile of adolescent ANR are similar to those reported in adult patients. The ANB adolescent patients with anorexia nervosa show less prominent deviations from the personality of control women. With regard to the character dimension of cooperativeness, adolescents with ANR scored higher than controls, in contrast to the observations in adult patients. This may reflect the effect of illness on the development of character.

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Woodside, Blake D. "Anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa in children and adolescents". Journal of Pediatrics 5, n. 4 (1993): 415–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00008480-199308000-00006.

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Wahyuni, Diona. "THE PREVALENCE OF BODY DYSMORPHIC DISORDER WITH A TENDENCY TO ANOREXIA NERVOSA IN ADOLESCENTS". Journal of Psychiatry Psychology and Behavioral Research 1, n. 1 (31 marzo 2021): 12–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.21776/ub.jppbr.2021.001.01.4.

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Background: Anorexia nervosa (AN) and body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) are severe body image disorders that severely interfere with the daily functioning of the individual. They are separate but overlapping nosologically entities. There is a study on the tendency of wrong eating behaviour in adolescents with specifications for anorexia nervosa in Jakarta 11.6% and there is also a study at High School in Jakarta 88.5% of adolescents experience wrong eating behaviour with the specifications of anorexia nervosa. And the two largest epidemiological surveys regarding BDD, there were 2.5% women and 2.2% men. With a fairly high number of these two events, this has the potential to have a negative impact on someone’s health. This study aims to discuss the impact of anorexia nervosa. Methods: The researcher used several literature and scientific journals, which was based on 15 journals and literature, discussing a tendency to anorexia nervosa with the incidence of Body Dysmorphic Disorder and its medical emergencies. Conclusion: There is a correlation of anorexia nervosa among teenager especially girl teenage

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Wahyuni, Diona. "THE PREVALENCE OF BODY DYSMORPHIC DISORDER WITH A TENDENCY TO ANOREXIA NERVOSA IN ADOLESCENTS". Journal of Psychiatry Psychology and Behavioral Research 2, n. 1 (31 marzo 2021): 12–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.21776/ub.jppbr.2021.002.01.4.

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Abstract (sommario):

Background: Anorexia nervosa (AN) and body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) are severe body image disorders that severely interfere with the daily functioning of the individual. They are separate but overlapping nosologically entities. There is a study on the tendency of wrong eating behaviour in adolescents with specifications for anorexia nervosa in Jakarta 11.6% and there is also a study at High School in Jakarta 88.5% of adolescents experience wrong eating behaviour with the specifications of anorexia nervosa. And the two largest epidemiological surveys regarding BDD, there were 2.5% women and 2.2% men. With a fairly high number of these two events, this has the potential to have a negative impact on someone’s health. This study aims to discuss the impact of anorexia nervosa. Methods: The researcher used several literature and scientific journals, which was based on 15 journals and literature, discussing a tendency to anorexia nervosa with the incidence of Body Dysmorphic Disorder and its medical emergencies. Conclusion: There is a correlation of anorexia nervosa among teenager especially girl teenage.

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Mykhailova, I., D. Mitelov, T. Matkovska e O. Mayorov. "Model of therapeutic intervention in anorexia nervosa of adolescents with depressive behavioral disorders". European Psychiatry 64, S1 (aprile 2021): S225. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/j.eurpsy.2021.601.

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IntroductionAnorexia nervosa is often associated with the development of depressive disorders.ObjectivesSkillful dissimulation of the true causes of fasting in adolescents leads to diagnostic errors and delayed adequate therapy.MethodsThe study design includes clinical psychopathological, somatic-neurological, and psychological methods for examination of 54 adolescent girls aged 12-14, with a recurrent depression, and factors determine disorders in alimentary behavior (anorexia nervosa) in teen-agers. The following psychological tests were performed: Children’s Depression Rating Scale Revised, Columbia - Suicide Severity Rating Scale, Mendelevitch - Yakhin Scale to establish a neurotic state.Resultsin all adolescent girls with anorexia nervosa depressive disorders were present in prepuberty. Behavioral syndrome and aggressive vulnerability prevailed in the structure of depression. Cognitive component was represented in the form of unstable type of poor memory and decreased rate of sensorimotor reactions with episodic recurrent attacks of bulimia. Our model of therapeutic intervention included: behavioral intervention, intravenous administration of Cerebrolysin 10,0 with 0,9 % Sodium chloride 200,0 (No.15). Therapeutic neuroplasticity, multimodal effect, and a disease - modifying therapy effects in short terms provide regression of emotional-cognitivity.ConclusionsIn adolescent girls with a recurrent depression anorexia nervosa has specific features that require early differentiation, neurotropic and neurodegenerative therapy.

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Dalle Grave, Riccardo, Simona Calugi, Massimiliano Sartirana, Selvaggia Sermattei e Maddalena Conti. "Enhanced cognitive behaviour therapy for adolescents with eating disorders: A systematic review of current status and future perspectives". IJEDO 3 (3 febbraio 2021): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.32044/ijedo.2021.01.

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This systematic review analysed published data on the effectiveness of enhanced cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT-E) for adolescents with eating disorders. Of the 28 papers retrieved, eight (6 case series, 1 prospective cohort study, and 1 non-randomized effectiveness trial) met the inclusion criteria and revealed the following five findings. First, outpatient CBT-E is well accepted by adolescent patients with anorexia nervosa; it is completed by about two-thirds of participants, and produces improvements in eating-disorder and general psychopathology. Remission from anorexia nervosa is achieved by about 50% of patients at 12-month follow-up. Second, outpatient CBT-E seems more effective for adolescents than adults. Third, inpatient CBT-E for adolescents with anorexia nervosa seems particularly effective — about 80% of patients achieve normal weight by 12-month follow-up. Fourth, CBT-E also seems promising for adolescents who are not underweight. Fifth, CBT-E appears to yield similar outcomes to FBT in terms of weight regain and eating-disorder and general psychopathology improvements at 6- and 12-month follow-up. The fourth and fifth findings derive from a single study and require confirmation. In conclusion, CBT-E is a viable and promising treatment for adolescents with eating disorders.

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Bhadrinath, B. R. "Anorexia Nervosa in Adolescents of Asian Extraction". British Journal of Psychiatry 156, n. 4 (aprile 1990): 565–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.156.4.565.

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Case reports of anorexia nervosa in subjects of Asian (Indian subcontinental) extraction have been rare. Three Asian adolescents with anorexia nervosa are described, one of whom is male. The impact of the Muslim festival of Ramadan is described in the two Muslim cases. There is a need for better understanding of attitudes towards body shape and food within the subculture.

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Fichter, M. M., e C. Daser. "Symptomatology, psychosexual development and gender identity in 42 anorexic males". Psychological Medicine 17, n. 2 (maggio 1987): 409–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s003329170002496x.

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SynopsisForty-two male patients with an anorexic syndrome were assessed. Twenty-nine of them had a primary anorexia nervosa (most of them also had bulimic symptoms). They were compared with a series of 23 female anorexia nervosa patients. The males scored more highly than female patients on a number of symptoms, but generally more similarities than differences in symptomatology were apparent. Male patients with primary anorexia nervosa also showed several signs of a disturbed psychosexual and gender identity development. The data support the hypothesis that males with atypical gender role behaviour have an increased risk for developing anorexia nervosa or bulimia in adolescence.

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Manley, Ronald S., e Pierre Leichner. "Anguish and Despair in Adolescents with Eating Disorders". Crisis 24, n. 1 (gennaio 2003): 32–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027//0227-5910.24.1.32.

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Summary: Adolescents struggling against anorexia nervosa or bulimia nervosa often experience self-punishing thoughts and behaviors, including self-mutilation, and suicidal ideation and attempts. These arise out of the profound anguish and despair frequently experienced by these young people. This paper outlines four particularly salient clinical themes underlying this despair that have significant implications for treatment. A practice perspective is discussed which emphasizes empathic listening and the development of a strong therapeutic alliance with the adolescent. Treatment recommendations draw from narrative theory and practice, and from feminist perspectives. The paper also draws on cognitive therapy and on recent developments in the areas of spirituality and motivational enhancement. Involving the distressed adolescent's family is also addressed.

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García-Alba, Carmen. "Anorexia and Depression: Depressive Comorbidity in Anorexic Adolescents". Spanish Journal of Psychology 7, n. 1 (maggio 2004): 40–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s113874160000473x.

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Frequently, depression is a concomitant pathology in anorexia nervosa. To verify this, we carried out a comparative case/control study with 50 anorexic patients, restricting-type (ANP), 50 depressed patients (DP) and 50 non-patients (NP), aged between 13 and 16. We used the Rorschach Test and the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) and compared the results to parent's observations collected from the Achenbach Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL). Results showed two clearly different groups among participants: ANP with depression (36%) and ANP without depression (64%). This seems to indicate that depression is not a core element in anorexic disorders. However, we also observed a significant increase in the MMPI scale 2, which was probably related to starvation and weight loss. We confirmed the absence of general anxiety in the ANP group and obtained differences between depressive symptoms and those derived from coping deficit disorders. The discussion emphasizes the importance of using several tests to reduce bias in results and conclusions.

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Gowers, Simon G., Andrew Clark, Chris Roberts, Alison Griffiths, Vanessa Edwards, Claudine Bryan, Nicola Smethurst, Sarah Byford e Barbara Barrett. "Clinical effectiveness of treatments for anorexia nervosa in adolescents". British Journal of Psychiatry 191, n. 5 (novembre 2007): 427–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.bp.107.036764.

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BackgroundTreatment guidelines identify few adequately powered trials to guide recommendations for anorexia nervosa.AimsTo evaluate the effectiveness of three readily available National Health Service treatments for adolescents (aged 12–18 years) with anorexia nervosa.MethodMulticentre randomised controlled trial of 167 young people comparing in-patient, specialist out-patient and general child and adolescent mental health service (CAMHS) treatment.ResultsEach group made considerable progress at 1 year, with further improvement by 2 years. Full recovery rates were poor (33% at 2 years, 27% still with anorexia nervosa). Adherence to in-patient treatment was only 50%. Neither in-patient nor specialist out-patient therapy demonstrated advantages over general CAMHS treatment by intention to treat, although some CAMHS out-patients were subsequently admitted on clinical grounds. In-patient treatment (randomised or after out-patient transfer) predicted poor outcomes.ConclusionsFirst-line in-patient psychiatric treatment does not provide advantages over out-patient management. Out-patient treatment failures do very poorly on transfer to in-patient facilities.

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Jaite, Charlotte, Katharina Bühren, Brigitte Dahmen, Astrid Dempfle, Katja Becker, Christoph U. Correll, Karin M. Egberts et al. "Clinical Characteristics of Inpatients with Childhood vs. Adolescent Anorexia Nervosa". Nutrients 11, n. 11 (28 ottobre 2019): 2593. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu11112593.

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We aimed to compare the clinical data at first presentation to inpatient treatment of children (<14 years) vs. adolescents (≥14 years) with anorexia nervosa (AN), focusing on duration of illness before hospital admission and body mass index (BMI) at admission and discharge, proven predictors of the outcomes of adolescent AN. Clinical data at first admission and at discharge in 289 inpatients with AN (children: n = 72; adolescents: n = 217) from a German multicenter, web-based registry for consecutively enrolled patients with childhood and adolescent AN were analyzed. Inclusion criteria were a maximum age of 18 years, first inpatient treatment due to AN, and a BMI <10th BMI percentile at admission. Compared to adolescents, children with AN had a shorter duration of illness before admission (median: 6.0 months vs. 8.0 months, p = 0.004) and higher BMI percentiles at admission (median: 0.7 vs. 0.2, p = 0.004) as well as at discharge (median: 19.3 vs. 15.1, p = 0.011). Thus, in our study, children with AN exhibited clinical characteristics that have been associated with better outcomes, including higher admission and discharge BMI percentile. Future studies should examine whether these factors are actually associated with positive long-term outcomes in children.

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Sundararaghavan, Sreekanthan, Tanya Y. Pitts, William A. Suarez e Christine Johnstone. "Chest Pain Among Adolescents With Anorexia Nervosa". Pediatric Emergency Care 21, n. 9 (settembre 2005): 603–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.pec.0000177202.14150.81.

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Robarts, Jacqueline Z. "Music Therapy and Adolescents with Anorexia Nervosa". Norsk Tidsskrift for Musikkterapi 9, n. 1 (gennaio 2000): 3–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08098130009477981.

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Berghold, Karena M., e James Lock. "Assessing Guilt in Adolescents with Anorexia Nervosa". American Journal of Psychotherapy 56, n. 3 (luglio 2002): 378–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1176/appi.psychotherapy.2002.56.3.378.

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Lock, James, e Simon Gowers. "Effective interventions for adolescents with anorexia nervosa". Journal of Mental Health 14, n. 6 (gennaio 2005): 599–610. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09638230500400324.

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Gazzillo, Francesco, Vittorio Lingiardi, Anna Peloso, Silvia Giordani, Serena Vesco, Valeria Zanna, Ludovica Filippucci e Stefano Vicari. "Personality subtypes in adolescents with anorexia nervosa". Comprehensive Psychiatry 54, n. 6 (agosto 2013): 702–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.comppsych.2013.03.006.

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Kerruish, Kate P., Janice O'Connor, Ian RJ Humphries, Michael R. Kohn, Simon D. Clarke, Julie N. Briody, Emma J. Thomson, Katharine A. Wright, Kevin J. Gaskin e Louise A. Baur. "Body composition in adolescents with anorexia nervosa". American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 75, n. 1 (1 gennaio 2002): 31–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/75.1.31.

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O’Connor, Graeme, e Dasha Nicholls. "Refeeding Hypophosphatemia in Adolescents With Anorexia Nervosa". Nutrition in Clinical Practice 28, n. 3 (4 marzo 2013): 358–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0884533613476892.

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WITT, ELLEN D., CHRISTOPHER RYAN e L. K. GEORGE HSU. "Learning Deficits in Adolescents with Anorexia Nervosa". Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease 173, n. 3 (marzo 1985): 182–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00005053-198503000-00009.

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Fitzpatrick, Kathleen Kara, Alison Darcy, Danielle Colborn, Caroline Gudorf e James Lock. "Set-shifting among adolescents with anorexia nervosa". International Journal of Eating Disorders 45, n. 7 (12 giugno 2012): 909–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/eat.22027.

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Misra, M., e A. Klibanski. "Bone metabolism in adolescents with anorexia nervosa". Journal of Endocrinological Investigation 34, n. 4 (7 febbraio 2011): 324–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf03347094.

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Fichter, M. M., M. Elton, L. Sourdi, S. Weyerer e G. Koptagel-Ilal. "Anorexia nervosa in Greek and Turkish adolescents". European Archives of Psychiatry and Neurological Sciences 237, n. 4 (giugno 1988): 200–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00449908.

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Nicholls, Dasha, e Elizabeth Barrett. "Eating disorders in children and adolescents". BJPsych Advances 21, n. 3 (maggio 2015): 206–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/apt.bp.114.014068.

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SummaryThis article provides an overview of classification and outcome of eating disorders, before focusing on current evidence-based treatment for the two main disorders of anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa.

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Aptikieva, L. R. "MODERN METHODS OF WORKING WITH ADOLESCENTS WITH EATING DISORDERS". Vestnik Orenburgskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta 225 (2020): 6–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.25198/1814-6457-225-6.

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The growth of addictive behavior in the teenage environment is caused by a number of reasons (economic, political, demographic, social stability). One of the groups of addictive behavior is eating disorders of adolescents: anorexia nervosa and bulimia. The problem of eating disorders in adolescence is gaining worldwide scope because it leads to impaired health, death, which necessitates a comprehensive study of it and the search for modern, effective methods of work in this direction, which is the aim of the study. My theoretical research allowed me to identify modern, effective methods of working with adolescents with eating disorders (group therapy, family, rational, behavioral, hypnosis); identify risk factors for eating disorders of adolescents (genetic, family, biological, age, personality, cultural, factors of stressful events); consider types of food addictions in adolescents (anorexia nervosa and bulimia). A common symptom for adolescents with food addiction is dysmorphomania; loss of perception of hunger and satiety; low self-esteem; decrease in the circle of interests; violation or loss of social ties; the predominance of depressed, depressive mood; the appearance of obsessive thoughts on food and calories; decreased interest in the opposite sex and sexual sphere. Types of food addiction in adolescents are: anorexia nervosa and bulimia – a common concern is the control of one’s body weight, a distortion of his image, a change in nutritional value in the hierarchy of values, the formation of a stable vomiting reflex, irritability of the intestines, and nervousness. Difference: anorexia leads to severe weight loss; represents a complete rejection of food (bulimia – a constant desire to consume food); is deadly. Prevention of addiction is early prevention; effective working methods: group therapy, family, rational, behavioral, hypnosis.

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Aptikieva, L. R. "MODERN METHODS OF WORKING WITH ADOLESCENTS WITH EATING DISORDERS". Vestnik Orenburgskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta 225 (2020): 6–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.25198/1814-6457-223-6.

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Abstract (sommario):

The growth of addictive behavior in the teenage environment is caused by a number of reasons (economic, political, demographic, social stability). One of the groups of addictive behavior is eating disorders of adolescents: anorexia nervosa and bulimia. The problem of eating disorders in adolescence is gaining worldwide scope because it leads to impaired health, death, which necessitates a comprehensive study of it and the search for modern, effective methods of work in this direction, which is the aim of the study. My theoretical research allowed me to identify modern, effective methods of working with adolescents with eating disorders (group therapy, family, rational, behavioral, hypnosis); identify risk factors for eating disorders of adolescents (genetic, family, biological, age, personality, cultural, factors of stressful events); consider types of food addictions in adolescents (anorexia nervosa and bulimia). A common symptom for adolescents with food addiction is dysmorphomania; loss of perception of hunger and satiety; low self-esteem; decrease in the circle of interests; violation or loss of social ties; the predominance of depressed, depressive mood; the appearance of obsessive thoughts on food and calories; decreased interest in the opposite sex and sexual sphere. Types of food addiction in adolescents are: anorexia nervosa and bulimia – a common concern is the control of one’s body weight, a distortion of his image, a change in nutritional value in the hierarchy of values, the formation of a stable vomiting reflex, irritability of the intestines, and nervousness. Difference: anorexia leads to severe weight loss; represents a complete rejection of food (bulimia – a constant desire to consume food); is deadly. Prevention of addiction is early prevention; effective working methods: group therapy, family, rational, behavioral, hypnosis.

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Laporta-Herrero, Isabel, e Patricia Latorre. "Do parents perceive the abnormal eating attitudes of their adolescent children with anorexia nervosa?" Clinical Child Psychology and Psychiatry 25, n. 1 (21 luglio 2019): 5–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1359104519864121.

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Parents are often the first to detect the initial signs of anorexia nervosa (AN) and take necessary measures to ensure that their children receive appropriate treatment. The evaluation of AN in adolescence is complicated by taking into account the tendency to minimize and deny the symptoms by adolescents, and the difficulty of parents in detecting the main symptoms. We compared the adolescent and parent scores on measures of disordered eating at initial presentation. The sample consisted of 62 adolescents diagnosed with AN, who attended an eating disorder children’s unit. Adolescents completed the Eating Attitudes Test (EAT-40) and their parents the Anorectic Behavior Observation Scale (ABOS). The questionnaire data were collected as part of the routine clinical practice and were obtained from clinical notes. The findings indicate no significant correlations between the EAT-40 and ABOS scores, or between AN subtypes according to parent observation of symptoms. There were significant differences between parents, with mothers reporting higher scores than fathers. This study highlights the importance of psychoeducation for parents on the early signs of AN, in order to improve recognition and diagnosis at initial assessment of their adolescent children in the early phases.

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Bachrach, Laura K., David Guido, Debra Katzman, Iris F. Litt e Robert Marcus. "Decreased Bone Density in Adolescent Girls With Anorexia Nervosa". Pediatrics 86, n. 3 (1 settembre 1990): 440–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.86.3.440.

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Osteoporosis develops in women with chronic anorexia nervosa. To determine whether bone mass is reduced in younger patients as well, bone density was studied in a group of adolescent patients with anorexia nervosa. With single- and dual-photon absorptiometry, a comparison was made of bone mineral density of midradius, lumbar spine, and whole body in 18 girls (12 to 20 years of age) with anorexia nervosa and 25 healthy control subjects of comparable age. Patients had significantly lower lumbar vertebral bone density than did control subjects (0.830 ± 0.140 vs 1.054 ± 0.139 g/cm2) and significantly lower whole body bone mass (0.700 ± 0.130 vs 0.955 ± 0.130 g/cm2). Midradius bone density was not significantly reduced. Of 18 patients, 12 had bone density greater than 2 standard deviations less than normal values for age. The diagnosis of anorexia nervosa had been made less than 1 year earlier for half of these girls. Body mass index correlated significantly with bone mass in girls who were not anorexic (P < .05, .005, and .0001 for lumbar, radius, and whole body, respectively). Bone mineral correlated significantly with body mass index in patients with anorexia nervosa as well. In addition, age at onset and duration of anorexia nervosa, but not calcium intake, activity level, or duration of amenorrhea correlated significantly with bone mineral density. It was concluded that important deficits of bone mass occur as a frequent and often early complication of anorexia nervosa in adolescence. Whole body is considerably more sensitive than midradius bone density as a measure of cortical bone loss in this illness. Low body mass index is an important predictor of this reduction in bone mass.

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North, Clive, Simon Gowers e Victoria Byram. "Family functioning and life events in the outcome of adolescent anorexia nervosa". British Journal of Psychiatry 171, n. 6 (dicembre 1997): 545–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.171.6.545.

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BackgroundThis study investigates the outcome of anorexia nervosa in adolescents in relation to precipitating life events and changes in family functioning over time.MethodThirty-five adolescents with anorexia nervosa and their mothers were administered measures of life events and family functioning at initial assessment and 1 and 2 year follow-up, when outcome was also assessed.ResultsFifty-five per cent of patients had a good outcome. Patients from initially well-functioning families or those with precipitating life events improved more in the first year, than those with dysfunctional families or without events. Subjects perceived a deterioration in family functioning at 1 year follow-up but an improvement at 2 years. Mothers reported no changes.ConclusionsApproximately half of a series of early onset cases of anorexia nervosa can be expected to recover by 2 years. Healthy family functioning and presence of a precipitating life event predict good short-term outcome. The relationships between subjects' perceptions of family functioning and their recovery from anorexia nervosa is discussed.

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