Articoli di riviste: "And Products of Ireland (1852"

1

Bottomley, Sean. "Patenting in England, Scotland and Ireland during the Industrial Revolution, 1700–1852". Explorations in Economic History 54 (ottobre 2014): 48–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eeh.2014.08.002.

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Akenson, Donald Harman, e Donal A. Kerr. ""A Nation of Beggars"? Priests, People, and Politics in Famine Ireland, 1846-1852." American Historical Review 101, n. 4 (ottobre 1996): 1216. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2169711.

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Engler, S., F. Mauelshagen, J. Werner e J. Luterbacher. "The Irish famine of 1740–1741: famine vulnerability and "climate migration"". Climate of the Past 9, n. 3 (28 maggio 2013): 1161–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/cp-9-1161-2013.

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Abstract. The "Great Frost" of 1740 was one of the coldest winters of the eighteenth century and impacted many countries all over Europe. The years 1740–1741 have long been known as a period of general crisis caused by harvest failures, high prices for staple foods, and excess mortality. Vulnerabilities, coping capacities and adaptation processes varied considerably among different countries. This paper investigates the famine of 1740–1741 in Ireland applying a multi-indicator model developed specifically for the integration of an analysis of pre-famine vulnerability, the Famine Vulnerability Analysis Model (FVAM). Our focus is on Ireland, because famine has played a more outstanding role in Irish national history than in any other European country, due to the "Great Famine" of 1845–1852 and its long-term demographic effects. Our analysis shows that Ireland was already particularly vulnerable to famine in the first half of the eighteenth century. During and after the experience of hardship in 1740–1741, many Irish moved within Ireland or left the country entirely. We regard migration as a form of adaptation and argue that Irish migration in 1740–1741 should be considered as a case of climate-induced migration.

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Sullivan, Richard J. "Estimates of the Value of Patent Rights in Great Britain and Ireland, 1852- 1876". Economica 61, n. 241 (febbraio 1994): 37. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2555048.

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Nicolás Vázquez, María Inés, Maricarmen Hernández Rodríguez, Joel Omar Martínez, David Morales Morales, José Francisco Cortés-Ruiz Velasco e René Miranda-Ruvalcaba. "Resumen Histórico sobre la perezona, 1852-2022". TECNOCIENCIA Chihuahua 16, n. 3 (19 ottobre 2022): e1012. http://dx.doi.org/10.54167/tch.v16i3.1012.

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En este informe, se presenta una versión resumida sobre la historia de la perezona, molécula considerada como el primer metabolito secundario aislado en estado cristalino en el Nuevo-Mundo (hoy Continente Américano); es importante resaltar, que el manuscrito aquí exhibido es una adaptación resumida y actualizada, al año 2022, de un capítulo divulgado por nuestro grupo académico Laboratorio de Estudios sobre Química Verde, en el libro Progress in the Chemistry of Organic Natural Products (2021), en el cual se cubrió toda la información referente a la perezona para el periodo 1852-2020. DOI: https://doi.org/10.54167/tch.v16i3.1012

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Kennedy, Seán. "Edmund Spenser, Famine Memory and the Discontents of Humanism in". Samuel Beckett Today / Aujourd'hui 24, n. 1 (1 dicembre 2012): 105–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18757405-024001007.

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Theodor Adorno's post-humanist account of has established the aftermath of World War Two as a preeminent context for interpreting the play, but the violent origins of Ireland's Protestant Ascendancy, as foreshadowed in Spenser's (1596), provide equally compelling evidence of the intimate relationship between civilizing pretension and barbaric practice. By way of a betrayal of W. B. Yeats's suppression of the darker aspects of the Ascendancy's Irish history, in particular the Irish Famine of 1845-1852, can be seen to interrogate the discontents of humanism in both Ireland and on the Continent.

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Maggs, Duncan. "Lost & Found: 245. Fossil Fish from the Lower Carboniferous of Armagh, Ireland". Geological Curator 6, n. 7 (aprile 1997): 275. http://dx.doi.org/10.55468/gc532.

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Mags Duncan (Department of Geology, Trinity College, Dublin 2, Ireland [e-mail: mduncan(a)tcd.ie]) would be interested to know of museums and institutions holding Lower Carboniferous fish material from Armagh, and for any information on Admiral Jones, who presented specimens to the Geological Society of London between 1841 and 1852 (CLEEVELY). In the last century many Lower Carboniferous fish teeth were collected from Armagh and most ended up in the collections of the Earl of Enniskillen, Philip Egerton, and Admiral Jones. Frederick M'Coy described several species in 1848 (Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 2) 2) based on the collections, among others, of Admiral Jones. J.W. Davis described and revised many species in his 1883 monograph...

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Dahlquist, Andreea. "Economic relations between Sweden and Romania during the Second World War". Romanian Journal for Baltic and Nordic Studies 12, n. 1 (15 agosto 2020): 81–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.53604/rjbns.v12i1_6.

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The growth of Swedish-Romanian trade increased after Sweden opened its first diplomatic representation on Romanian soil in Galați (1851), Brăila (1852), Bucharest (1852), and Constanța (1880). In 1922, Sweden and Romania signed the first convention that regulated commerce. Later, in 1929, Romania took a loan of 30 million dollars from a Swedish concern in what proved to be a significant moment in the history of Swedish-Romanian economic relations.During the Second World War, both countries faced difficulties maintaining stable trade as a result of economic pressure from Germany and, eventually, the Soviet Union. Despite the challenges, Sweden succeeded in importing Romanian oil products, fodder, and grains – essential products for their economy – while Romania purchased Swedish agricultural machinery and other technologies.By the end of the war, several Swedish companies had established operations in Romania; among them, internationally recognized companies such as Swedish Matches, Kullager, Elektrolux, L.M. Ericsson, and Elektro-Invest.

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Ní Dhubháin, Áine, Ray Gallagher, Andy Whelton e Sean Wiley. "Ireland". Acta Silvatica et Lignaria Hungarica 1, Special Edition 1 (1 febbraio 2005): 347–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.37045/aslh-2005-0020.

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Just over 50% of the productive forest estate in Ireland is less than 25 years of age. The private component of this estate is even younger. Substantial Government and EU grant-aid has been the primary driver to the establishment of private forests. The major factor affecting the competitiveness of the forest – wood / non-wood / services – consumer chain in Ireland therefore is the limited current supply of raw material and the uncertainty about the future supply of roundwood from private forests. Most of these forests are less than 10 hectares in size and are located in inaccessible areas. There are concerns that, due to the lack of economies of scale, harvesting will not take place. The lack of silvicultural skills combined with the absence of an organisational structure among the majority of forest owners makes the economic harvesting and marketing of the timber output from the forests more unlikely. Species distributions of state and private forests are dominated by Picea sitchensis. While the species is suitable for a range of end-uses the opportunities to add value are limited. This is a barrier to the development of value-added enterprises. The development of enterprises using species other than Picea sitchensis is difficult due to the limited and irregular supply. The range of non-wood products and services that can be produced within Picea sitchensis forests is limited. The main problem and research question for enterprise development in the forest sector is to identify the appropriate organisational structure that will facilitate the economic harvesting and marketing of the timber output from small-scale forests. If this structure is in place a key barrier to enterprise development in the forestry sector will be removed. Research and development into value-added applications of Irish grown timber, in particular Picea sitchensis timber, is required to expand the market for that timber. Markets for a range of non-wood products and services need to be investigated further.

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Walker-Dunseith, Holly May. "Revivalist: Medical Herbs and Rejuvenation in the Works of Lady Augusta Gregory". Estudios Irlandeses, n. 18 (17 marzo 2023): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.24162/ei2023-11431.

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When Lady Augusta Gregory (1852-1932) effected her famous mid-life self-reinvention from Anglo-Irish landlady to revivalist dramatist, healing women from her locality provided significant guides and models for her new life and work. This article will discuss what Gregory learned from the lore of a local healer, the shadowy Bridget Ruane (who died c.1899). It will analyse how Gregory worked Ruane’s folk medical knowledge into her prose writings and plays, including The Pot of Broth (1904). In restoring the name of this non-elite woman from the west of Ireland, this article suggests the benefits of casting the net more widely for names to stand alongside Gregory’s as creators of Revival-era culture.

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&NA;. "Marketing of nimesulide oral products suspended in Ireland". Reactions Weekly &NA;, n. 1153 (maggio 2007): 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00128415-200711530-00006.

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&NA;. "Marketing of nimesulide oral products suspended in Ireland". Inpharma Weekly &NA;, n. 1589 (maggio 2007): 21. http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00128413-200715890-00060.

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13

Miller, David W. ""A Nation of Beggars"? Priests, People, and Politics in Famine Ireland, 1846-1852 by Donal A. Kerr." Catholic Historical Review 82, n. 4 (1996): 729–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/cat.1996.0183.

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Fidanza, Michael, Stanley Kostka e Cale Bigelow. "Communication of soil water repellency causes, problems, and solutions of intensively managed amenity turf from 2000 to 2020". Journal of Hydrology and Hydromechanics 68, n. 4 (1 dicembre 2020): 306–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/johh-2020-0032.

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AbstractResearch and investigations of soil water repellency in turfgrass science is a relatively recent endeavor, with most notable progress beginning in the late 1990s and early 2000s and continuing into the present. The objectives of this review were to determine the extent of publications from 2000 to the present on the topic of soil water repellency in turfgrass science, and to assemble a list of soil surfactant product formulations currently available for the amenity turf industry in the USA and United Kingdom/Republic of Ireland in 2019. From 1 January 2000 through 1 June 2020, cumulative number of referred or peer-reviewed research journal articles was 64, the number of abstracts, reports, and proceedings was 87, and the number of professional and trade journal articles was 86. Published works in all categories represented a linear increase over time, and is indicative of increased research activity into this critical area of study. Soil surfactant products and formulations in the USA totaled 192, with 65 in UK/Ireland. The nonionic soil surfactant chemical category is the largest, representing 74% of products in the USA, and 66% of products in UK/Ireland. With formulation category, block copolymers and formulations that contain block copolymers or structurally modified block copolymers as a formulation component comprise the largest group with 58% of products in the USA, and 49% of products in UK/Ireland. Also by formulation category, 25% of USA products and 23% of UK/Ireland products are comprised of anionic and anionic blends and other formulations. Of note, 17% of products in the USA and 28% of products in UK/Ireland do not disclose their formulation.Dr. Louis Dekker’s pioneering insight and advances in soil water repellency has provided turfgrass scientists with a firm foundation and guidance with which to pursue research into the causes, problems, and amelioration of soil water repellency in turfgrass ecosystems. The global amenity turf industry remains the segment where Dr. Dekker’s research has had the most influence and impact to both scientists and turf practitioners.

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GEBER, JONNY. "Mortality among institutionalised children during the Great Famine in Ireland: bioarchaeological contextualisation of non-adult mortality rates in the Kilkenny Union Workhouse, 1846–1851". Continuity and Change 31, n. 1 (maggio 2016): 101–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0268416016000096.

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ABSTRACTOver half of all victims of the Great Irish Famine (1845–1852) were children. Many of these deaths took place in the union workhouses: institutions of government poor relief which for many were the last resort in a desperate struggle to survive famine-induced conditions such as starvation and infectious disease. Archaeological excavations of a mass burial ground dating to 1847–1851 at the former workhouse in Kilkenny City have provided the opportunity to undertake a detailed interdisciplinary exploration of non-adult mortality in an Irish workhouse during the height of the Famine.

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HURLEY, DANIEL, LAURA LUQUE-SASTRE, NIALL DeLAPPE, JOHN E. MOORE, MARTIN CORMICAN, KIERAN N. JORDAN, SÉAMUS FANNING e EDWARD M. FOX. "Comparison of Listeria monocytogenes Isolates across the Island of Ireland". Journal of Food Protection 77, n. 8 (1 agosto 2014): 1402–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-14-026.

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Building a comprehensive knowledge base of the association of Listeria monocytogenes isolates across national food chains, clinical cases, and environments can play a key role in helping control the incidence of listeriosis. Today, many food chains cross national borders and are often shared by neighboring countries. This study characterized L. monocytogenes isolated from food samples in Northern Ireland and investigated whether similarities in the population and associations of L. monocytogenes strains exist in the neighboring countries of Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland, which together constitute the island of Ireland. Listeria monocytogenes isolates were characterized using serotyping and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis subtyping. This data was then interrogated against existing data for the Republic of Ireland, to identify any shared trends in the ecology and contamination patterns of L. monocytogenes strains. The results of this study indicated that contaminated food products often shared L. monocytogenes strains with other products. A total of six different strain subtypes were identified among 18 contaminated products. Overall strain diversity in positive samples was low, with no sample yielding more than one L. monocytogenes strain, as determined by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis subtyping. When comparisons against an Irish strain database were performed, many related strain subtypes were also shared by a variety of sources in the Republic of Ireland. This study highlights the potential benefits that a whole-island surveillance approach may present to food safety and public health in both Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland.

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Keogh, Richard A. "“Nothing is so bad for the Irish as Ireland alone”: William Keogh and Catholic loyalty". Irish Historical Studies 38, n. 150 (novembre 2012): 230–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021121400001103.

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William Nicholas Keogh (1817–1878) has long been remembered as the placehunting lawyer who betrayed his country and wrecked the political fortunes of Irish constitutional nationalism for a generation. As a member of the fifty-strong Irish Independent Party of the early 1850s, Keogh pledged himself to independent opposition, only to accept ministerial office in 1852 as solicitor-general for Ireland. For this act Keogh has long been represented as a man who succumbed to personal ambition at the expense of a popular cause, which he allegedly supported with the sole objective of extracting political capital. Such was the ignominy with which he came to be regarded in later years that his name became a byword for betrayal, as evidenced by the fact that members of John Redmond’s Edwardian Irish Parliamentary Party were characterised as the Keoghs and Sadleirs of their day. Keogh’s infamy was exacerbated further by the inflammatory judgment he issued when presiding over the Galway election petition of 1872, for which he would be labelled ‘villifier-in-ordinary of the Irish priests’.

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Jiménez, A., E. Cano e M. E. Ocete. "Mortality and Survival of Procambarus clarkii Girard, 1852 upon Exposure to Different Insecticide Products". Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 70, n. 1 (1 gennaio 2003): 131–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00128-002-0166-7.

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Wells, John SG, Michael Bergin, Marie-Claire Van Hout, Pádraig McGuinness, Jaco De Pleissisc, Eileen Rich, Siphokazi Dada, Richard Wells e Martina Ann Gooney. "Purchasing Over The Counter (OTC) Medicinal Products Containing Codeine - Easy Access, Advertising, Misuse and Perceptions of Medicinal Risk". Journal of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences 21 (16 luglio 2018): 286–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.18433/jpps30049.

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Purpose. Codeine containing medicines can carry a number of health risks associated with the increase in reported misuse and dependence, however they are still readily available over the counter (OTC) in many countries. The aim of this novel study was to report on the results of a survey of customers purchasing OTC codeine containing medicinal products at pharmacies in Ireland, South Africa and England; exploring use, sources of knowledge and perception of risks. Methods. The study design was an exploratory cross sectional survey. It involved a customer self-administered questionnaire at the point of purchase (n=1230). Relationships between categorical variables were analysed using Pearson chi-square for bivariate analysis. Continuous scale variables were analysed using one way analysis of variance. Results. In Ireland 6% stated they purchased codeine containing products weekly, in South Africa 13% and in England 16%. In Ireland and England women are more likely to view codeine containing products as harmful. In England older adults are more likely to perceive codeine containing products as harmful. A higher proportion of customers in South Africa opposed restricting codeine containing products to prescription only when compared with people in Ireland and England. Conclusions. Codeine containing products are widely purchased and used in all three jurisdictions. Whilst the majority of customers appear to have some awareness and knowledge of risks, it does not materially impact on their purchasing behaviour with a substantial minority purchasing/using such products on a weekly basis. This regularity of purchase whilst indicative of the popularity of such products, may also be a potential indicator of misuse. Future research is needed in relation to cultural and gendered differences and targeted information giving and harm reduction initiatives for safe usage of these medicinal products.

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Khan, Khuram H., e Helen Walker. "TWINNING PROJECT: SIR COWASJEE JEHANGIR INSTITUTE OF PSYCHIATRY/BEHAVIOURAL SCIENCES PAKISTAN & THE STATE HOSPITAL CARSTAIRS SCOTLAND". Journal of Pakistan Psychiatric Society 20, n. 01 (3 marzo 2023): 40–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.63050/jpps.20.01.234.

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Sir Cowasjee Jehangir Institute of Psychiatry Jehangir Institute of Psychiatry is a hospital located in Latifabad suburb of the city of Hyderabad, in Sindh, Pakistan. It was established in 1852 during the British Raj and was named after Jehangir Cowasji Jehangir Readymoney. It is the largest psychiatric hospital in Pakistan. It is locally known as Giddu Bandar Mental Hospital. The State Hospital Scotland is a psychiatric hospital near the village of Carstairs Junction, in South Lanarkshire, Scotland. It provides care and treatment in conditions of high security for around 140 patients from Scotland and Northern Ireland. The hospital is managed by the State Hospitals Board for Scotland which is a public body accountable to the First Minister of Scotland through the Scottish Government Health and Social Care Directorates. It is a Special Health Board, part of the NHS Scotland and the only hospital of its kind within Scotland.

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NINAN, G., J. BINDU e J. JOSEPH. "FROZEN STORAGE STUDIES OF VALUE-ADDED MINCE-BASED PRODUCTS FROM TILAPIA (OREOCHROMIS MOSSAMBICUS, PETERS 1852)". Journal of Food Processing and Preservation 34 (febbraio 2010): 255–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-4549.2009.00379.x.

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Jalarama Reddy, K., K. Jayathilakan e M. C. Pandey. "Olive oil as functional component in meat and meat products: a review". Journal of Food Science and Technology 52, n. 11 (9 maggio 2015): 6870–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13197-015-1852-x.

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Saudemont, Aurore, e J. Alejandro Madrigal. "Immunotherapy after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation using umbilical cord blood-derived products". Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy 66, n. 2 (6 giugno 2016): 215–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00262-016-1852-3.

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Kennedy, Cormac. "OP152 Pharmacoeconomic Assessment And Drug Expenditure Reduction In Ireland". International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care 35, S1 (2019): 34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266462319001739.

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IntroductionAll new products to be reimbursed from the Irish health budget are subject to a rigorous assessment by the National Centre for Pharmacoeconomics (NCPE). Following assessment, a recommendation is made regarding its cost-effectiveness at the submitted price. This may lead a reduction in the drug price. This study aimed to determine the reduction in expenditure due to the pharmacoeconomic assessment process in Ireland.MethodsProduct details, submitted price and gross budget impact were recorded for each NCPE submission from 2012 to 2015. The latter was chosen as reimbursement data are currently available until 2016. A product was included if its assessment suggested price reduction was required and the product was reimbursed under the High-Tech Drug Scheme (HTDS), a scheme for high cost drugs in a primary care setting. The utilization and actual expenditure of each product was extracted from national reimbursement data for the year after approval. The expected expenditure, calculated using the submitted price, was then compared to the actual expenditure.ResultsA total of 162 products were assessed during the study period. There was a potential price reduction for 65 products based on the assessment outcome. Of these, 15 were reimbursed under the HTDS. A reduction in expenditure was evident for eight of the 15 products (53 percent). The average reduction was eight percent of the expected expenditure. All products showed an actual expenditure greater the predicted budget impact submitted by the applicant.ConclusionsTo the authors’ knowledge, this is the first report of expenditure reduction due to a pharmaco-economic assessment process. With the ever-increasing utilization of high cost drugs, the study demonstrates the importance of a process to assess and negotiate cost-effective drug prices. However, the study underestimates reductions, as it is yet to include commercial rebates returned to a central budget. Future research will aim to capture these reductions.

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Herbert, Megan, e Emma Beacom. "Exploring Consumer Acceptance of Insect-based Snack Products in Ireland". Journal of Food Products Marketing 27, n. 6 (24 luglio 2021): 267–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10454446.2021.1994080.

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Donlan, Jennifer, Kenneth Skog e Kenneth A. Byrne. "Carbon storage in harvested wood products for Ireland 1961–2009". Biomass and Bioenergy 46 (novembre 2012): 731–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biombioe.2012.06.018.

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Hemming, Jessica. "Trees of Britain and Ireland: History, Folklore, Products and Ecology". Folklore 123, n. 2 (agosto 2012): 246–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0015587x.2012.683592.

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Helliwell, R. "Trees of Britain and Ireland: History, folklore, products, and ecology". Arboricultural Journal 34, n. 2 (giugno 2012): 116–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03071375.2012.708483.

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Twomey, Lorna, Ambrose Furey, Bernadette O’Brien, Tom P. Beresford, Paula Reid, Martin Danaher, Mary Moloney, Moses Madende e David Gleeson. "Chlorate Levels in Dairy Products Produced and Consumed in Ireland". Foods 12, n. 13 (30 giugno 2023): 2566. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods12132566.

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In recent years, chlorate has become a residue of concern internationally, due to the risk that it poses to thyroid gland function. However, little is known about its occurrence in dairy products of Irish origin. To address this, a study was conducted in which samples of milk (n = 317), cream (n = 199), butter (n = 178), cheese (n = 144) and yoghurt (n = 440) were collected from grocery stores in the Republic of Ireland. Sampling was conducted across spring, summer, autumn and winter of 2021. Samples from multiple manufacturers of each respective dairy product were procured and analysed for chlorate using UPLC-MS/MS. Chlorate was detected in milk, cream, natural, blueberry, strawberry and raspberry yoghurts. Mean chlorate levels detected in these products were 0.0088, 0.0057, 0.055, 0.067, 0.077 and 0.095 mg kg−1, respectively. Chlorate was undetected in butter and cheese (<0.01 mg kg−1). All products sampled, except yoghurt, were found to be compliant with the EU limit for chlorate in milk (0.10 mg kg−1). Some manufacturers produced product with greater incidence and levels of chlorate. Chlorate levels from samples tested at different times of the year did not differ significantly, with the exception of strawberry and raspberry yoghurts which had higher chlorate levels in the winter period.

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Pender, Jenny, Carolyn Read, John Egan e Theo De Waal. "Evaluation of emerging waterborne contaminants in Ireland". Water Supply 15, n. 6 (24 giugno 2015): 1228–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/ws.2015.089.

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A group of potential emerging contaminants in two Irish drinking water supplies were investigated. The aim was to investigate the presence of emerging contaminants which are not currently routinely monitored or regulated as part of the European Communities Drinking Water Regulations SI 278 of 2007 but are known or anticipated to occur in drinking water supplies. A monthly sampling and analysis programme was carried out to examine the presence of seven groups of potential emerging contaminants in two Irish drinking water supplies. The seven groups selected were: herbicides, molluscides, endocrine disrupters, perfluorinated chemicals, disinfection by-products, personal care products, and heavy metals. The investigation showed that the majority of the seven selected groups of contaminants were not detected at either drinking water site. Results from the first site (water treatment plant (WTP) 1) showed elevated levels of musk xylenes, a member of the personal care products suite of tests. The specific compound detected was galaxolide, a polycyclic musk found in perfumes, soaps, cosmetics and detergents. Results from the second site (WTP 2) showed elevated levels of oestrone, a member of endocrine disrupter steroid suite of tests. Oestrone is one of three types of oestrogen made by the body and is produced by the ovaries as well as by adipose tissue and the adrenal glands. Results from both sites showed that of the seven groups of contaminants chosen for examination most were not detected. The musk xylene compound galaxolide was detected on one occasion at a level just above the guideline limit and oestrone a component of the endocrine disrupting chemicals steroid suite of tests was found on two occasions throughout the study.

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Bagla, Ashutosh, e David Stead. "BioGreen: A bioeconomy for Ireland". Journal of Student Research 7, n. 1 (31 gennaio 2019): 35–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.47611/jsr.v7i1.373.

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The project has been named BioGreen because it develops a new method to assesses the potential of the bioeconomy in contribution to Ireland’s sustainability goals. Bioeconomy refers to those parts of the economy that use renewable biological resources (biomass) from land and sea such as crops, forests, fish, animals, micro-organisms, and organic waste and residue to produce food, feed, materials, chemicals, fuels and energy (Potocnik, 2015; as cited in Devaney, 2017). The research is critical because we live in a world with increasingly limited resources. Ireland enjoys a marketing advantage for its domestic consumer food products due to its sustainable production practices. Development of a robust bioeconomy sector would further consolidate the country’s position as a world leader in sustainability (Devaney and Henchion, forthcoming 2017).

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Radmilo Derado, Sanja. "MERGING SOCIAL CRITICISM WITH IRISH CULTURAL HERITAGE IN THE SHORT STORY COLLECTION THE UNTILLED FIELD BY GEORGE MOORE". Folia linguistica et litteraria X, n. 32 (2020): 43–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.31902/fll.32.2020.3.

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The paper analyses the short story collection The Untilled Field by the Irish writer George Moore (1852-1933) with the aim of establishing the subversive potential of these stories in the context of the criticism of the overpowering dogmas within the Irish society at the beginning of the 20th century. With this long neglected short story collection, George Moore reveals a darker, silenced side of Ireland, hidden from the public discourse of the socio-political mainstream of the period. His social criticism is primarily focused on some neuralgic aspects of the Irish society of the time, namely on the dominant influence of the Irish Catholic church on the collective ethos of the nation and, subsequently, on the spiritual and moral paralysis of the Irish people as well as on mass emigrations of the Irish to America. By pinpointing these, in his view, destructive social forces and the complex sociopolitical situation in Ireland during the formation of the modern Irish state, George Moore identifies a state of collective moral lethargy characterised by total absence of any possibility of individual affirmation through artistic agency. The importance of this short story collection, from the point of view of scientific research, lies in the foregrounding motivation behind it. In other words, in George Moore´s intention to dig deep into the relentless existence of the Irish people at one stage in the country´s history and to re-shape the well- established colonial representations which favoured falsely pastoral visions of Ireland. It was not until the second half of the 20th century that the stigma of ´un-patriotic´ and ´subversive´ was lifted from this short story collection giving it, though still limited, well-deserved attention and recognising its literary and artistic importance for Irish national culture and for its literature.

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Dai, Yongli. "Digital Art Into the Design of Cultural and Creative Products". Journal of Physics: Conference Series 1852, n. 3 (1 aprile 2021): 032042. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1852/3/032042.

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Geber, Jonny. "‘Children in a Ragged State’: Seeking a Biocultural Narrative of a Workhouse Childhood in Ireland during the Great Famine (1845–1852)". Childhood in the Past 9, n. 2 (2 luglio 2016): 120–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17585716.2016.1205344.

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McKernan, David, e Olivia McDermott. "The Evolution of Ireland’s Medical Device Cluster and Its Future Direction". Sustainability 14, n. 16 (16 agosto 2022): 10166. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su141610166.

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Ireland has developed a highly successful medical device cluster. Most of the industry started from USA multinationals that moved to Ireland in the 1990s. An ecosystem has now developed with strong linkages between universities, start-ups, multinationals, venture capital, suppliers, and supporting industries. This paper explores the Medical Device cluster in Ireland. It characterizes the industry through the companies, innovation, products, markets, and regulatory framework. It concludes that the Irish MedTech industry is successful but has been highly dependent on USA multinationals that established themselves here in the 1990s. Based on this, we summarize the opportunities and threats the industry now faces. This is one of the first studies that categorized the MedTech industry in Ireland. This study will provide valuable insights to aid government policy to sustain the medical device cluster in Ireland as well as provide insights into other countries.

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McGowan, MJ, KE Harrington, M. Kiely, PJ Robson, MBE Livingstone e MJ Gibney. "An evaluation of energy intakes and the ratio of energy intake to estimated basal metabolic rate (EI/BMRest) in the North/South Ireland Food Consumption Survey". Public Health Nutrition 4, n. 5a (ottobre 2001): 1043–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/phn2001185.

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AbstractObjectiveTo examine energy intakes (El), their ratio to estimated basal metabolic rate (BMRest) and the contribution of food groups to energy intake in the North/South Ireland Food Consumption Survey.Design and settingRandom sample of adults from the populations of Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland. Food intake data were collected using a 7-day food diary. Body weight and height were measured and EI/BMRest was calculated from reported energy intake and estimated basal metabolic rate. Dieting practices were assessed as part of a self-administered questionnaire.ResultsMean energy intake in men was 11.0 MJ and in women was 7.6 MJ, which is comparable to reported energy intakes in Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland over a decade ago. Mean EI/BMRest was 1.38. This increased to 1.42 after the exclusion of dieters and those who were unwell, but still remained less than the established cut-off of 1.53. EI/BMRest was significantly (P < 0.05) higher in men than in women and decreased significantly (P < 0.05) with increasing BMI in both sexes. The four food groups that contributed 50% of energy in men and women were meat and meat products, breads and rolls, potatoes and potato products, and biscuits, cakes, pastries and puddings.ConclusionsEnergy intakes have not changed remarkably in Northern Ireland or the Republic of Ireland in the last 10 years, but the mean EI/BMRest of 1.38 suggests that energy underreporting occurred. EI/BMRest was lower in women and in the overweight/obese. Additional multivariate analysis of the data is needed to identify more clearly subgroups of the population reporting lower than expected energy intakes and to evaluate the effect of low energy reporting on the consumption of various foods and food groups.

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Keaver, Laura, Susannah Gilpin, Joana Caldeira Fernandes da Silva, Claire Buckley e Cliodhna Foley-Nolan. "Energy drinks available in Ireland: a description of caffeine and sugar content". Public Health Nutrition 20, n. 9 (25 aprile 2017): 1534–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980017000362.

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AbstractObjectiveTo describe the caffeine and sugar content of all energy drinks available on the island of Ireland.DesignTwo retail outlets were selected from each of: multinational, convenience and discount stores in Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland, and all available single-serve energy drinks were purchased. The cross-sectional survey was conducted in February 2015 and brand name, price, volume, caffeine and sugar content were recorded for each product. Descriptive analysis was performed.ResultsSeventy-eight products were identified on the island of Ireland (regular, n 59; diet/sugar-free/light, n 19). Caffeine and sugar content was in the range of 14–35 mg and 2·9–15·6 g per 100 ml, respectively. Mean caffeine content of 102·2 mg per serving represents 25·6 % of the maximum intake advised for adults by the European Food Safety Authority. Per serving, mean sugar content of regular energy drinks was 37 g. This exceeds WHO recommendations for maximum daily sugar intake of <5 % of total energy intake (25 g for adults consuming 8368 kJ (2000 kcal) diet). If displaying front-of-pack labelling, fifty-seven of the fifty-nine regular energy drinks would receive a Food Standards Agency ‘red’ colour-coded label for sugar.ConclusionsEnergy drinks are freely available on the island of Ireland and all products surveyed can be defined as highly caffeinated products. This has potential health issues particularly for children and adolescents where safe limits of caffeine have not been determined. Energy drinks surveyed also contained high levels of sugar and could potentially contribute to weight gain and adverse dental health effects.

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Geber, Jonny, Monica Tromp, Ashley Scott, Abigail Bouwman, Paolo Nanni, Jonas Grossmann, Jessica Hendy e Christina Warinner. "Relief food subsistence revealed by microparticle and proteomic analyses of dental calculus from victims of the Great Irish Famine". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 116, n. 39 (9 settembre 2019): 19380–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1908839116.

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Food and diet were class markers in 19th-century Ireland, which became evident as nearly 1 million people, primarily the poor and destitute, died as a consequence of the notorious Great Famine of 1845 to 1852. Famine took hold after a blight (Phytophthora infestans) destroyed virtually the only means of subsistence—the potato crop—for a significant proportion of the population. This study seeks to elucidate the variability of diet in mid–19th-century Ireland through microparticle and proteomic analysis of human dental calculus samples (n = 42) from victims of the famine. The samples derive from remains of people who died between August 1847 and March 1851 while receiving poor relief as inmates in the union workhouse in the city of Kilkenny (52°39′ N, −7°15′ W). The results corroborate the historical accounts of food provisions before and during the famine, with evidence of corn (maize), potato, and cereal starch granules from the microparticle analysis and milk protein from the proteomic analysis. Unexpectedly, there is also evidence of egg protein—a food source generally reserved only for export and the better-off social classes—which highlights the variability of the prefamine experience for those who died. Through historical contextualization, this study shows how the notoriously monotonous potato diet of the poor was opportunistically supplemented by other foodstuffs. While the Great Irish Famine was one of the worst subsistence crises in history, it was foremost a social disaster induced by the lack of access to food and not the lack of food availability.

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O’Malley, Seán, e Cliona Feighery. "H17 Dermatology in times of famine". British Journal of Dermatology 191, Supplement_1 (28 giugno 2024): i172. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bjd/ljae090.365.

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Abstract From the years of 1845 to 1852, the Great Famine (An Gorta Mór) ravaged the island of Ireland. A multitude of factors contributed to the eventual extent of its devastation; however, at its core was the widespread failure of the potato crop. The most destitute year came in 1847, and by 1852 Ireland’s population is estimated to have declined from 8.5 million to 6.5 million, with 1 million having emigrated and another million dead. Starvation was the principal cause of death for some of those who succumbed to the Great Famine, but the majority who died did so as a result of illnesses arising from the crisis, both infectious and nutritional, and not only their toll on physical health but the consequent social ramifications. In this manner, infestations and cutaneous manifestations of illness played a vital role in the eventual morbidity and mortality of the Irish famine. General fever was common, mostly originating from lice infestation of the skin, which flourished in deteriorating conditions in settlements. Two variants developed that broadly separated between social classes: recurrent fever in the poor who had previous exposure, known colloquially as ‘getting the cool’, and the more deadly typhus fever that killed many of the middle and upper classes, in particular those who attempted to help the sick such as doctors and priests [Geary L. Epidemic diseases of the Great Famine. History Ireland. Available at: https://www.historyireland.com/epidemic-diseases-of-the-great-famine/ (last accessed 29 February 2024)]. Smallpox arose in frequent epidemics, and the associated widespread pustular rash, crusting lesions and eventual scabbing offered an obvious visual cue of illness. With limited quality food available, nutritional deficiencies contributed too to the deathly appearance of those afflicted. Lack of vitamin B3 resulted in pellagra, with its associated dermatitis, and a dire lack of vitamin C gave rise to scurvy, whose ecchymosis became known in Irish as ‘cos dubh’ or black leg. With such a constellation of symptoms, it can be appreciated why there was misunderstanding and fear of the sick. This led to division in communities about the construction of fever hospitals. Some pleaded for their establishment to quarantine the sick, while others resisted for fear of contagion and, in instances such as in Fethard, County Tipperary and Belturbet, County Cavan, committed arson attacks against the hospitals. Many who did not succumb were left pauperized and ostracized by their communities, in no small part as a result of their cutaneous manifestations of a multitude of diseases.

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Izhboldina, O. O., I. S. Pishchan, O. M. Khramkova, R. V. Mylostyvyi, V. V. Sapunov e P. O. Korzhenevska. "Early sex detection and physiological stimulation of spawning in the Mozambique tilapia Oreochromis mossambicus (Peters, 1852)". Ukrainian Journal of Ecology 9, n. 4 (31 dicembre 2019): 657–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/2019_805.

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The article presents the results of an experimental study on physiological stimulation of tilapia spawning and methods of early sex detection in juvenile fish. It has been determined that among organic dyes, solution of diamond green has shown the best results in determining the sex of juvenile tilapia. It has been found that the pituitary gland of carp is suitable for stimulation of reproductive products maturation in tilapia and causes spawning behavior in fish. Under controlled conditions, this allows obtaining a constant number of larvae of a certain age and size, which is an essential prerequisite for industrial fish breeding technology.

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MORAN, LYNN, PAM SCATES e ROBERT H. MADDEN. "Prevalence of Campylobacter spp. in Raw Retail Poultry on Sale in Northern Ireland". Journal of Food Protection 72, n. 9 (1 settembre 2009): 1830–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x-72.9.1830.

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A year-long survey of fresh, retail poultry products on sale in Northern Ireland was undertaken to define the prevalence of Campylobacter spp. by using protocols based on ISO (standard) 10272-1:2006. Incubation at 37 and 42°C was undertaken to increase the diversity of isolates obtained. Overall, 652 isolates were identified as Campylobacter spp. by using PCR and amplified fragment length polymorphic typing. Phenotyping wrongly identified 21% of isolates. Prevalences of Campylobacter found were chicken, 91% (n = 336); turkey, 56% (n = 77); and duck, 100% (n = 17). Prevalence rates for chicken produced in Northern Ireland, Scotland, England, and Wales were similar, with a mean value of 91%. The prevalences in product from the latter two countries were much higher than were found in two United Kingdom–wide surveys of chicken. The incubation temperature did not affect the relative proportions of the species isolated (P > 0.05). Campylobacter jejuni composed 64.6% of isolates, Campylobacter coli, 27.4%, and Campylobacter lari, 1%. Most cases of human campylobacteriosis are caused by C. jejuni and C. coli. The overall Campylobacter prevalence results are consistent with Northern Ireland surveys undertaken since 2000, and indicate that United Kingdom strategies to control Campylobacter in chicken have not had a significant effect on the prevalence of this pathogen in retail products on sale in Northern Ireland.

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Harvey, J., e A. Gilmour. "Occurrence ofListeriaspecies in raw milk and dairy products produced in Northern Ireland". Journal of Applied Bacteriology 72, n. 2 (febbraio 1992): 119–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2672.1992.tb01812.x.

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Finnegan, William, Jamie Goggins, Eoghan Clifford e Xinmin Zhan. "Global warming potential associated with dairy products in the Republic of Ireland". Journal of Cleaner Production 163 (ottobre 2017): 262–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2015.08.025.

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GREEN, C., V. AVITABILE, E. FARRELL e K. BYRNE. "Reporting harvested wood products in national greenhouse gas inventories: Implications for Ireland". Biomass and Bioenergy 30, n. 2 (febbraio 2006): 105–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biombioe.2005.11.001.

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O'Dwyer, Laurence, Lorraine Nolan e Caitriona Fisher. "Supporting Innovation through Regulation and Science: Ireland as an Innovation Hub for Health Products". Biomedicine Hub 2, Suppl. 1 (21 novembre 2017): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000481427.

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New technologies and our ever-increasing knowledge provide an exciting potential to develop innovative health products that can address challenges such as chronic diseases and ultimately improve outcomes for patients. Ireland has a strategic focus on supporting innovation and offers an ideal environment for health product innovation. This is due to the expertise and experience that is available within the life sciences sector and an established national infrastructure which supports the translation of research into health products in a collaborative manner. The Health Products Regulatory Authority (HPRA) is committed to supporting innovation for health products. Anyone developing an innovative health product can obtain regulatory guidance via the HPRA's Innovation Office. Scientific advice and a product classification service are also available. The HPRA is actively engaging with innovators through an outreach programme to discuss how regulation can support innovation and to raise awareness of available supports. In order to facilitate the appropriate regulation of innovative therapies, the HPRA is performing horizon scanning to identify innovations at an early stage of development, so that proactive action can be taken to put in place any additional regulatory tools or develop any expertise required to regulate such products and provide safe and timely access for patients.

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Enright, Máiréad, Kathryn McNeilly e Fiona De Londras. "Abortion activism, legal change, and taking feminist law work seriously". Northern Ireland Legal Quarterly 71, n. 3 (23 giugno 2020): OA7—OA33. http://dx.doi.org/10.53386/nilq.v71i3.317.

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Abortion laws in the Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland have recently undergone radical reform. This occurred following a 2018 referendum in the Republic and the passing of the Northern Ireland (Executive Formation etc) Act 2019 in Northern Ireland. In both jurisdictions, these legal changes are the products not only of moments of constitutional and legislative action or of litigation, but of decades of feminist protest and strategising that both generated and exploited moments of legal opportunity. In this article, drawing on a 2018 workshop and qualitative interviews with feminist activists, we focus attention on what we call the ‘feminist law work’ involved in reform, highlighting the role of non-lawyer activists in achieving legal change in instrumental, creative, emotional, and laborious ways. We argue that ‘feminist law work’ should be taken seriously as a highly skilled and indispensable driving force in formal legal change processes.

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Enright, Máiréad, Kathryn McNeilly e Fiona De Londras. "Abortion activism, legal change, and taking feminist law work seriously". Northern Ireland Legal Quarterly 71, n. 3 (5 novembre 2020): 359–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.53386/nilq.v71i3.890.

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Abstract (sommario):

Abortion laws in the Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland have recently undergone radical reform. This occurred following a 2018 referendum in the Republic and the passing of the Northern Ireland (Executive Formation etc) Act 2019 in Northern Ireland. In both jurisdictions, these legal changes are the products not only of moments of constitutional and legislative action or of litigation, but of decades of feminist protest and strategising that both generated and exploited moments of legal opportunity. In this article, drawing on a 2018 workshop and qualitative interviews with feminist activists, we focus attention on what we call the ‘feminist law work’ involved in reform, highlighting the role of non-lawyer activists in achieving legal change in instrumental, creative, emotional, and laborious ways. We argue that ‘feminist law work’ should be taken seriously as a highly skilled and indispensable driving force in formal legal change processes.

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SCULLION, ROISIN, CLARE S. HARRINGTON e ROBERT H. MADDEN. "Prevalence of Arcobacter spp. in Raw Milk and Retail Raw Meats in Northern Ireland". Journal of Food Protection 69, n. 8 (1 agosto 2006): 1986–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x-69.8.1986.

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A 1-year study was undertaken to determine the prevalence of Arcobacter spp. in raw milk and retail raw meats on sale in Northern Ireland. Retail raw poultry samples (n = 94), pork samples (n = 101), and beef samples (n = 108) were obtained from supermarkets in Northern Ireland, and raw milk samples (n = 101) were kindly provided by the Milk Research Laboratory, Department of Agriculture and Rural Development, Belfast, Northern Ireland. Presumptive arcobacters were identified by previously described genus-specific and species-specific PCR assays. Arcobacter spp. were found to be common contaminants of retail raw meats and raw milk in Northern Ireland. Poultry meat (62%) had the highest prevalence, but frequent isolations were made from pork (35%), beef (34%), and raw milk (46%). Arcobacter butzleri was the predominant species isolated from retail raw meats and was the only species isolated from raw milk samples. Arcobacter cryaerophilus was detected less frequently, and Arcobacter skirrowii was detected only as a cocontaminant. To our knowledge, this is the first report of Arcobacter spp. prevalence in a diverse range of products of animal origin in Northern Ireland.

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Watters, Daniel, Alessandro Battaglia, Kamil Mroz e Frédéric Tridon. "Validation of the GPM Version-5 Surface Rainfall Products over Great Britain and Ireland". Journal of Hydrometeorology 19, n. 10 (1 ottobre 2018): 1617–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jhm-d-18-0051.1.

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Abstract Instantaneous surface rain rate estimates from the Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) mission’s Dual-Frequency Precipitation Radar (DPR) and combined DPR and multifrequency microwave imager (CMB) version-5 products are compared to those from the Met Office Radarnet 4 system’s Great Britain and Ireland (GBI) radar composite product. The spaceborne and ground-based rainfall products are collocated spatially and temporally and compared at 5- and 25-km resolutions over GBI during a 3-yr period (from May 2014 to April 2017). The comparison results are evaluated as a function of both the intensity and variability of precipitation within the DPR field of view and are stratified spatially and seasonally. CMB and DPR products underestimate rain rates with respect to the Radarnet product by 21% and 31%, respectively, when considering 25-km resolution data taken within 75 km of a ground-based radar. Large variability in the discrepancies between spaceborne and ground-based rain rate estimates is the result of limitations of both systems and random errors in the collocation of their measurements. The Radarnet retrieval is affected by issues with measuring the vertical extent of precipitation at far ranges, while the GPM system struggles in properly quantifying orographic precipitation. Part of the underestimation by the GPM products appears to be a consequence of an erroneous DPR clutter identification in the presence of low freezing levels. Both products are susceptible to seasonal variations in performance and decreases in precision with increased levels of heterogeneity within the instruments’ field of view.

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Burke, SJ, MJ Gibney, NA O'Dwyer e SN McCarthy. "The influence of cereal and dairy consumption on the Irish diet: implications for developing food-based dietary guidelines". Public Health Nutrition 8, n. 3 (maggio 2005): 227–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/phn2004699.

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AbstractObjectivesTo estimate the intakes of cereal and dairy products and their contribution to nutrient intakes in men and women from the Republic of Ireland with a view to formulating food-based dietary guidelines.DesignThe North/South Ireland Food Consumption Survey established a database of habitual food and drink consumption using a 7-day food diary. From this database all cereal and dairy products from recipes and identifiable sources were identified and a new database was generated from which analysis of the role of cereal and dairy products in the diet was carried out.ResultsAlmost 100% of the population consumed cereal and dairy products over the course of the survey week. In general, men consumed significantly more cereal and dairy products than did women (P<0.05). Cereal products made an important contribution to the mean daily intakes of energy (26%), protein (21%), fat (13%), carbohydrate (41%), fibre (45%), iron (43%) and folate (27%). Dairy products also contributed largely to the mean daily intakes of energy (11%), protein (14%), fat (17%), calcium (48%), phosphorus (24%) and vitamin A (27%). Analysis of nutrient intakes across tertiles of cereal and dairy consumption showed that high consumers of wholemeal bread, breakfast cereals, reduced-fat milk and yoghurt had lower fat and higher carbohydrate, fibre and micronutrient intakes than low consumers of these foods.ConclusionsFindings from the present study could be used to develop effective health strategies to implement changes in cereal and dairy consumption that could alter fat, fibre and micronutrient intakes in the diet.

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