Tesi sul tema "Amérique du Sud – 2000-"
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San, Martin Rodrigo. "Fires, land use, and forest loss in the South American Chaco : understanding the links between fires, climate, ecosystems, and human activity through remote sensing". Electronic Thesis or Diss., université Paris-Saclay, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024UPASJ034.
Testo completoThis thesis investigates the fire dynamics of the South American Chaco region, focusing on recent changes and potential links to deforestation and land use changes. Covering about 1,100,000 km², the Chaco has a wet eastern subregion and a dry western subregion, encompassing the Gran Chaco dry tropical forest and the Esteros del Ibera wetlands. Historically affected by fires, the region's fire regimes have recently changed due to human activities and climate change.This thesis aims to answer the following scientific questions: (1) What was the temporal and spatial distribution of fires in the South American Chaco over the last two decades? (2) How are fire regimes linked to changes in land cover and land use changes, such as deforestation and agricultural expansion? (3) What role do meteorological and climatic factors play in the fire regimes of the Chaco? (4) What are the links between biomass production, fuel flammability, and precipitation? How does this relationship vary across the precipitation gradient? (5) What are the main causes of fires in the area, especially considering the impact of human activities and climate?Chapter 1 introduces the research context and objectives. In Chapters 2 and 3, we focus on understanding the temporal and spatial distribution of fires between 2001 and 2020, and their links to land cover, land use, and meteorological factors, addressing the first four scientific questions. More precisely, Chapter 2 presents the datasets and methods we used, while Chapter 3 presents our main results, most of which were published in “Fire Ecology”.Our findings show differing fire dynamics between Wet and Dry Chaco. The Dry Chaco experiences fires mainly in the dry season (May to September), while the Wet Chaco has fires in both the dry and wet seasons (May to September and October to April, respectively). In the Dry Chaco, where dry tropical forests prevail, fires are closely linked to deforestation, whereas the land cover in the Wet Chaco remains relatively constant. Also, along the humidity gradient, precipitation affects fires differently: positively correlated in dry areas and negatively in wet areas.Chapters 4 and 5 explore fire drivers to answer the fifth question. First, in Chapter 4, we detail the products and methodologies employed, including the use of machine learning algorithms to investigate the fire drivers at the fire scale, while in Chapter 5, we present and discuss the findings from these analyses. We observed varying fire sizes and influences of human activities and climate. A Fire Weather Index (FWI) was developed to study fire weather changes, links to burned areas, and relationships with the El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO). Our findings indicate that La Niña events tend to have a relatively positive impact on the extent of the area burned in the region.Random forest algorithms showed that fire size is influenced by elevation, wind speed, and vegetation type, highlighting topography and meteorology as key drivers. Human factors like population and road densities varied, but fires were generally larger in less populated areas. We also highlighted the region's vulnerability to climate variability, as evidenced by extreme fire events in 2019 and 2020, driven by intense droughts.Finally, Chapter 6 synthesizes our findings and suggests future research directions.Overall, by examining fires at different scales through remote sensing and considering both environmental and human factors, we have described the fire ecology and the evolution of fires in the South American Chaco over the past two decades at a regional level for the first time. The study can serve as an example for similar research in other fire-prone regions worldwide, especially those affected by deforestation and major land use changes
Pinto, Jaime. "L'UNASUR : la nouvelle voie d'intégration régionale sud-américaine sous l'hégémonie du Brésil". Thesis, Paris Est, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PESC0062/document.
Testo completoIn an international context where the American superpower relative weakness has allowed new state actors to emerge and modify the western world order, the integration processes such as the ones occurring in South-America can be interpreted as a way of becoming independent before the world powers. But until now, the countries efforts to fit in have been unsuccessful. Differences of opinion between regional governments, as well as a lack of real political will of sovereignty cession to supranational organizations, challenged the feasibility of existing organizations such as Mercosur or Andean Community. However, despite various failures of regional integration in South America, the emerging countries increased power in the current unimultipolar world, which makes possible a new regionalization process under Brazilian hegemony. This hegemony is actually creating a new geopolitical configuration in South America, through the Unasur. That regional organism reflects the Brazil's desire to integrate itself in the international system in a completely autonomous way by creating, progressively, one of the determining power poles of this new century
Lefranc, Sandrine. "Politique du pardon : amnistie et transitions démocratiques : une approche comparative". Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000IEPP0033.
Testo completoAngo-Obiang, Nadège Noële. "Mondialisation et inégalités (salaires/revenus, emploi) dans les pays du Sud". Lille 1, 2007. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/2007/50374-2007-Ango.pdf.
Testo completoFavier, Irène. "La convoitise des confins : luttes foncières et redéfinition du national dans le Haut Marañón péruvien (1946-2009)". Thesis, Paris 8, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA080031/document.
Testo completoAs an overlooked piece of Peru’s nation building process, the High Marañón region was mainly populated by indigenous, Awajún and Wampís populations until it was designated a Christian mission land in the middle of the XXth century. This Amazonian territory, located on the northeastern part of the country on the border with Ecuador, has been in diplomatic dispute since the early republican era. As a result, it became the focus of projects whose aim was to integrate the High Marañón into the nation and whose outcome was a number of new phenomena such as a process of “internal colonization” by peasants of mixed race, a series of subsoil explorations for mining extraction, and the institutionalization of activities related to education and health. From a forlorn land made invisible by the limitations of peruvian state apparatus, the High Marañón region became a battleground in the progression of global dynamics. This research aims to narrate the history of the “encounter” of two cultural areas, the indigenous one and the global one, from the arrival of the Jesuit mission in 1946 to the Baguazo event, so-Named after a bloody conflict between indigenous activists and police forces in the city of Bagua which took place in 2009. This research demonstrates that far from limiting itself to a mere absorption of a margin by a nation, this encounter has aroused the interest of Peruvian civil society, and partially called into question the historical nation-Building paradigm, in which socio-Racially biased logics have thusfar prevailed
Dugain, Nazhia. "L'évolution des politiques d'aide internationale du Groupe de la Banque Mondiale lors des crises économiques : le cas de l'Argentine et de l'Uruguay". Thesis, Université Laval, 2010. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2010/26991/26991.pdf.
Testo completoSosa, Andrea Patricia. "El papel de las megaempresas agropecuarias en la financiarización del régimen alimentario global : los casos del Grupo Los Grobo y El Tejar en Argentina y en Brasil (1996-2015)". Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017TOU20085.
Testo completoI study the role of agricultural mega-companies of Argentinean origin in the financialization of agriculture, a process that characterizes the transition period opened at the end of the second food regime in the 1970s. The analysis focuses on the practices of these companies, which are central actors in the financialization of agriculture at a regional level since 1) they are a vehicle for national and international financial capital in agricultural production and 2) they adopt financialized behaviors that transform the organization of work and production. I call direct and reverse financialization to these two dimensions. Both have an impact on agrarian change dynamics that reflect (and at the same time help shape) the logic of financial expansion in the agricultural sector. I analyze the effects of these two facets of financialization in the processes of concentration of land and production, as well as specialization and fragmentation of work. Finally, I study the transformations in productive organization that these companies introduce and/or spread during their crossborder expansion and the implications of these dynamics of accumulation for the agrarian question of the XXIst century. This thesis shows the centrality, in these processes, of the so-called "network model" deployed by the mega-companies under study. In Argentina, this model has given flexibility to the production process and provided legitimacy to forms of accumulation that combine productive and financial logics. It has attracted national and international financial capital that facilitated the expansion of mega-companies to other Latin-American countries, and deepened the process of concentration at the top (of land and production) and fragmentation at the bottom (of labor) through mechanisms combining dispossession and productivity
En esta tesis estudio el papel de las megaempresas agropecuarias de origen argentino en el proceso de financiarización de la agricultura que caracteriza el período de transición abierto con el fin del segundo régimen alimentario en la década de 1970. El análisis se sitúa en el nivel de las prácticas de estos actores, elemento implícito en la bibliografía pero que hasta el momento no mereció suficiente tratamiento. Mi hipótesis principal es que tales empresas son centrales para comprender la financiarización del sector agroalimentario regional en tanto 1) vehiculizan el ingreso de agentes financieros nacionales e internacionales en la producción agropecuaria y 2) adoptan comportamientos financieros que transforman la organización del trabajo y la producción. Denomino respectivamente financiarización directa y financiarización inversa a estas dos dimensiones. Ambas tienen impactos en las dinámicas de cambio agrario –y a su vez contribuyen a moldear– las lógicas de la expansión financiera en el agro. En ese marco, me preocupo por los efectos de estas dos facetas de la financiarización en los procesos de concentración de tierras y de la producción, así como de especialización y fragmentación del trabajo. Por último, doy cuenta de las transformaciones en las formas de organización productiva que introducen y/o difunden estas empresas en su proceso de expansión transfronteras impulsado por capitales financieros, y las implicancias de estas dinámicas de acumulación para la cuestión agraria del siglo XXI. Esta tesis muestra la centralidad del llamado “modelo en red” desplegado por las megaempresas estudiadas en estos procesos. En Argentina, este dispositivo permitió, por un lado, dar flexibilidad al proceso productivo y, por el otro, dotar de legitimación a formas de acumulación que combinan lógicas productivas y financieras. Además, funcionó como un modelo de negocios atractivo para capitales financieros nacionales e internacionales, que facilitaron su expansión translatina. El “modelo en red” facilitó la profundización de los procesos de concentración por arriba (de la tierra y el capital) y fragmentación por abajo (del trabajo) a través de mecanismos renovados que combinan desposesión con productividad
Lemoine, Anne. "Grands séismes intraplaques en Amérique du Sud et en Amérique Centrale". Paris 11, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA112315.
Testo completoSeveral Mw > 6 intraplate intermediate depth earthquakes occurred in Salvador and in the shallow dipping subduction zones of Chile, Peru and Mexico. Events were either compressionnal or tensional. The aim of this work was to understand in which context do these earthquakes took place using body-waveform inversions and relative relocation. The objective of this work was to determine which phenomenon influence predominantly intraplate intermediate depth earthquakes: stress transfert with the thrust zone during the earthquake cycle or static stress field within the subducted slab. An intermediate depth event occurred in Salvador on January 13, 2001 (Mw = 7. 7) inside the downgoing Cocos plate. Its tensional mechanism can be explained by the tensional stress field within the upper part of the bending lithosphere. It can also have been favored by an highly coupled subduction zone. Three compressional intermediate depth earthquakes occurred in central Chile on October 15, 1997 (Mw = 7. 1) and in Peru in 1991 (Mw = 6. 3 and 5. 9). They took place on the upper part of the unbending oceanic lithosphere, just before the flat segments of the slab which are well known in central Chile and central Peru. None of these events can be linked to a previous large interplate thrust eartquake. Between 1994 and 1999, three intermediate depth compressional events took place next to three extensional ones. Extensional events occurred deeper and more inland than the compressional ones, they were all located next to the western boundary of the flat segment of central Mexico. These two kinds of intermediate depth earthquakes closely related in space and time can not be linked to large thrust events that took place between 1979 and 1985. Intraplate intermediate depth seismicity we observed seems to be strongly influenced by stress field heterogeneities linked to dip variations of the oceanic subducted slab
Miranda, Samir Perrone de. "A integração da América do Sul no discurso da política externa brasileira (1992-2010)". reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/90183.
Testo completoEsta tese aborda a construção do discurso da política externa brasileira acerca da integração da América do Sul, particularmente a partir da década de 1990. Através da perspectiva de estudos da Análise de Política Externa e com relevantes contribuições do campo da Análise do Discurso, este trabalho enfoca o desenvolvimento desta noção de integração sul-americana ao longo dos governos de Itamar Franco, Fernando Henrique Cardoso e Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva. Assim, a pesquisa apresenta uma discussão teórica acerca do estatuto do discurso na área de política externa, seguida por um levantamento do histórico de aproximação entre o Brasil e seus vizinhos da América do Sul. Com base nestes elementos, o trabalho examina as características institucionais e os principais agentes envolvidos no processo de construção do discurso da política externa brasileira para a integração regional. A seguir, a análise se volta para os aspectos discursivos, com ênfase nos pronunciamentos dos chanceleres e dos presidentes brasileiros, para compreender suas condições de emergência e existência, bem como verificar as continuidades e rupturas no desenvolvimento desta “nova” noção de região. O objetivo desta análise consiste em identificar os principais elementos políticos, sociais e simbólicos mobilizados na articulação deste discurso da política externa para a integração da América do Sul.
This thesis focuses on the construction of the Brazilian foreign policy discourse concerning the South America integration, particularly from the 1990s. Through the perspective of studies of Foreign Policy Analysis and relevant contributions of the Analysis of Discourse field, this work focuses on the development of this notion of South American integration throughout the governments of Itamar Franco, Fernando Henrique Cardoso, and Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva. Thus, the study presents a theoretical discussion concerning the status of the discourse in foreign policy field, followed for a review of the historical rapprochement between Brazil and its neighbors in South America. On this basis, the work examines the institutional characteristics and the major agents involved in the construction processes of the discourse of Brazilian foreign policy towards regional integration. Then the analysis turns to the discursive aspects, with emphasis on pronouncements of chancellors and presidents of Brazil, to understand their conditions of emergence and existence, as well as verify the continuities and ruptures in the development of this “new” concept of region. The objective of this analysis consists in identifying the main political, social and symbolic elements mobilized in the articulation of this foreign policy discourse to the South America integration.
Ramirez, de Arellano José. "Politique linguistique et enseignement de langues étrangères au "Cono Sur"". Thesis, Université de Paris (2019-....), 2019. https://theses.md.univ-paris-diderot.fr/RAMIREZ_DE_ARELLANO_Jose_va.pdf.
Testo completoThis thesis focuses on changes that took place in the teaching of Spanish and Portuguese as foreign languages in the education systems of Brazil, Argentina and Uruguay during the so-called Golden Decade spanning approximately from 2003 to 2012. Measures like the Law 11.161/2005 in Brazil, which compelled high schools to offer Spanish as an optional subject; the Law 26.468/2009 in Argentina, which established the same requirement for Portuguese; and the Law 18.437/2008 in Uruguay, which recognises Portuguese-based dialects spoken in the north of the country, imply a historical transformation of the relationship between these two Iberian languages, which had thus far been characterised by mutual marginality in school systems. However, the projects embodied in these laws clash with several budgetary, logistic, ideological and geopolitical realities which compromise their final achievement. Throughout this work we will try to identify which actors, forces and obstacles align around these languages in these three countries. Based on standard theoretical schemes integrating the notion of Language Planning, we propose a three-plane model where corpus, status and gravitation will allow us to apprehend the specificities of this case study: No other pair of languages in the world presents this level of both intelligibility and sociolinguistic importance, and never before had a generalised reciprocal teaching of them been so seriously attempted. Therefore this inquiry will focus on : (1) How does the fact that they are closely related languages determine determine their glottopolitical relationship and their insertion into education systems; (2) Which discourses accompany these and other foreign languages taught in schools and which political projects do they represent; (3) What are their internal gravitational characteristics, their projection and for which languages do they show preference in their translation flows. We thus hope to draw valid conclusions on gravitational vicissitudes of Spanish and Portuguese, as well as to shed some light on the challenges faced and resources found by supercentral languages in their quest for international spaces.This analysis shoud allow a better characterisation of the dichotomy between two models of linguistic globalisation: hypercentralist and supercentralist. One is unipolar, with English as the hegemonic language and supercentral languages relegated to local levels; the other is pluripolar, with these languages sharing their international presence under a prevailing glottopolitical horizontality
Hubert, Nicolas. "Evolution de l'Ichtyofaune en Amérique du Sud : Biogéographie des Characiformes et phylogéographie des piranhas Serrasalmus Lacépède, 1803 et Pygocentrus Müller et Troschel". Paris, Muséum national d'histoire naturelle, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005MNHN0036.
Testo completoRivers and lakes of South and Central America host 6000 fish species, nearly 40% of the world's freshwater fish species. Together with a great variety of biological strategies, this diversity has thus far fascinated the community of evolutionary biologists. However, the biogeography of the Amazonian fishes remain poorly explored by contrast with the great amount of information available for south american terrestrial biotas for which several hypothesis of diversification by allopatric speciation have been developed. They include: the gradient hypothesis (steep environmental gradient), the paleogeography hypothesis (geological changes due to the Andean foreland dynamic), the river hypothesis (fragmentation of terrestrial biota following the final establishment of the Amazon drainage), the disturbance-vicariance hypothesis and the refuge hypothesis (climatological fluctuations of the Pleistocene leading to habitat fragmentation), the museum hypothesis (marine incursion during the Miocene leading to fragmentation of the emerged land) and the hydrogeological hypothesis (temporary contact between rivers leading to post-dispersal speciation). In the present study, these hypotheses have been addressed through a combined used of biogeographic, phylogenetic, phylogeographic and populations genetic approaches. The results obtained indicate: the presence of 8 freshwater refuges during the major marine incursion of the Miocene, cladogenetic events during allopatric stages across several orogenetic arches , 7 dispersal routes across the major south american watersheds, the lower course of the Amazon acted as a semi-permeable barrier to dispersal for fishes, some Serrasalmus species originated in sympatry, morphologically very similar Serrasalmus species are genetically well differentiated, a new species is discovered in the Madeira and described here as Serrasalmus odyssei and the Pleistocene refuges contributed to the colonization of the lowlands of the Amazon valley. Together these results emphasised that allopatric speciation significantly contributed to the diversification of Piranhas and probably other group of Neotropical fishes. However, that several sympatric lineage duplication events are inferred and a sympatric origin is directly evidenced for a group of sister species of the Bolivian Amazon, hint that sympatric speciation may not be a negligible cause of increasing fish species number in the Amazon
Minvielle, Régis. "Parcours africains en Amérique Latine ou comment s'ébauche un dispositif migratoire transatlantique sud-sud". Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013AIXM3022.
Testo completoAfrican migration in Latin America is part of a process of reconfiguration of global migration. Paths unfold and recompose by the way of not only the history of migration policies, crises and economic opportunities but also by the groups and individuals stories. The rising complexity of the control procedures in the North, joint to the South globalization, results in bursting of destinations. By the 1990s, but especially since the 2000s, especially migrants from West Africa, weave the contours of a transatlantic migration South-South device. In Buenos Aires, the Africans try to be part of the territory in different ways. While the vast majority develops a street trading activity, driven mainly by the Murid Senegalese Community, others try to exploit a desire of Africanness, or maybe to find their way in football and in business. From these multiple origins, cosmopolitan links with the various segments of the host society population are born. These interactions, which can lead to negotiation processes, produce social and identity changes in ethnic, religious or gender dimensions
Las migraciones africanas en América Latina hacen parte de un processo de reconfiguración global del fenómeno migratorio. Los recorridos se despliegan y se recomponenal ritmo, no solo de la historia de las politicas migratorias, las crisis y las oportunidades ecónomicas, sino también en función de las historias de grupos e individuos. Los procedimientos de control cada vez más complejos en los países del Norte y la globalización de los países del Sur generan cierta diversificación en los destinos. Desde la década de los 90, pero especialmente desde al año 2000, los immigrantes procedentes principalmente de Africa occidental,han tejido los contornos de un dispositivo transatlántico de migración Sur-Sur. En Buenos Aires, los Africanos se inscriben sobreel territorio según diversas modalidades. Si bien la gran mayoría desarrolla una actividad de comercia callejero, iniciada principalmentepor la comunidad mora senegalesa, otros tratan de explotar un deseo de africanidad, o aún, forjarse un camino en el fútbol y en los negocios. De estas inscripciones múltiples,nacen vinculos cosmopolitas con diversos segmentos de población de la sociedad de acogidad. Esta interraciones, que pueden dar lugar a procesos de negociación, producen recomposiciones sociales e identitarias de carácter étnico, religioso y hasta de género religioso
Valenzuela, Avaca Eduardo Javier. "Los Angeles Caidos en el Nuevo Mundo : Universalismo y demonologia en la conquista ontologica de los cultos americanos (siglo XVI)". Paris, EHESS, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016EHES0729.
Testo completoLess evident than the imposition of institutions, languages, or technologies, and less perceptible than the processes of substitution of epistemological models, the transformation of ontological pronciples is paradoxically invisible by the magnitude and, at the same time, simplicity of its predicament: of these parameters depends our way of decoding the world, identifying the existing ones and builfding our links with the nonhumans. This transformation of the ontologicalparameters of a culture is not only expressed passively in the form of a border coexistence, as anthropology has contributed to evidence. Some especially massive and dramatic transformations - such as the experience in this research or the establishment of modernity itself - have taken place in contexts of colonial expansion, and masked in the body of project based on a civilizing rheoric. In these cases, the adoption of new ontological parameters takes place in a context where the pre-existing realities are declared incompatible with the truths announced, and the fracture of the old schemas is induced through hermeneutical resources destined to the dissolution of the lacal schemas. In this research it is proposed a reinterpretation of the First Evangelization of America in the light of the missionary nature of Christianity and the consequences of this mandate; to develop a reflection on the resources and instruments used by evangelisers in their first contacts with American communities and, above all, to disclosure the hermeneutical potentials containbed in the Christian preaching against the idolatry
Trigui, Jamel. "Les grandes orientations du commerce"Sud/sud" de la Tunisie après 1993 : Amérique latine ou Asie du Sud-Est ?" Paris 3, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA030141.
Testo completoTunisian foreign exchanges are mainly oriented to north countries : most of them are originating from european firms delocalizated in tunisia ; they are also concentrated in the cloth industry. On january 1st, 1993, the extended european market was created. On one hand the tunisian authorities feared some barriers could limit their export potentialities (quota on olive oil, on citrus fruits, on tomatoes,. . . ). On the other hand, european investments in tunisia did not decrease. Tunisian commercial exchanges with south countries, latin america and south-east asia are not very developed for the following reasons : distance, transport cost, no trade agreement. Anyway south countries remain the only segment with growth potential for tunisian agricultural products. The objective of our thesis is to make tunisian operators aware of the interest : - to increase south-south exchanges, - balance the foreign trade between north and south, - use tunisian own resourses to support authentic development. Many actions need to be assessed theoritically in order to guide the tunisian policy. Actually tunisian policy is hesitating on how develop new trade relations with new industrialized countries from south
Fornaguera, Santiago. "L'industrie automobile française en Amérique du Sud : bilan et perspectives". Paris 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA010025.
Testo completoIn the late fifties most of the countries in South America were engaged in a policy of industrialization of their economies until then concentrated in the exploitation of primary resources. The economic authorities were foreseeing a high increase of the regional automotive industries based on the hypothesis of a rapid industrialization of the economies, of the progressive substitution of the importations and a sensible increase of the purchasing power of the middle classes. The progress reached by the world-wide automotive industry since the fifties have deeply modified the structure of the markets. Among the French constructors settled in South America, Renault alone maintains significant activities nowadays. The American and European automakers present today in the region have to face four essential elements of evolution : 1- Reduction of the costs of production on the international ground thanks to savings on a large scale and to technological advance. 2- Stagnation of the markets. 3- Increasing complexity of the products and process of production. 4- Arrival of the competitors from south east Asia
Maudet, Jean-Baptiste. "Le taureau marque son territoire : espaces et territoires des pratiques tauromachiques du Sud-Ouest européen à l'Amérique". Paris 4, 2007. http://books.openedition.org/cvz/7680.
Testo completoOften reduced to the better-known corrida de toros or bullfighting, tauromachy includes a great diversity of practices in Southwestern Europe and Latin America. Whatever are the tauromachy practices under consideration, professional or not, festivals and bulls are always associated in the stages of the regions. This systematic relation, which requires a cautious examination, can be interpreted as the tauromachy's adaptation to the stakes and functioning of contemporary societies. Moreover, on every stage tauromachy practices find a way to define and differentiate itself from the others. Tauromachy then acts as a powerful territorial marker on various scales and contributes to identify, delimit and differentiate a cultural area under Hispanic influence. The chosen approach to study this phenomenon can be seen as being part of a more general investigation on territoriality
La tauromaquia suele ser confundida con la sola corrida de toros mientras que abarca en realidad una gran variedad de prácticas que se desarrollan en el Sur de Europa como en Latinoamerica. Tener en cuenta al mismo tiempo la totalidad del espacio taurino y el conjunto de sus prácticas permite subrayar las interacciones entre las distintas culturas taurinas. Las prácticas taurinas forman un sistema tal y como las identidades sociales y territoriales que expresan. A partir de ahí podemos estudiar el papel y la importancia que tiene la tauromaquía en la construcción de las identidades locales, regionales, y/o nacionales de las sociedades aficionadas y sobre todo podemos entender las relaciones que existen o no entre estos distintos niveles de identificación. Este analisis sale de una pregunta : ¿ cuales son los mecanismos sociales y espaciales que hacen de la tauromaquía un potente medio de construcción identitaria y territorial ? Dicha pregunta se situa en una reflexión general sobre el funcionamiento de la territorialidad
Lortie, Johanne. "Le transfert de la technologie des communications en Amérique du Sud". Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/5745.
Testo completoBrito, Vásquez Lucrecia. "Folklore mythique religieux sur le plateau du Collao (Amérique du sud)". Paris 10, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA100128.
Testo completoLacombe, Jean-Paul. "Les hommes de Paijan (Pérou) dans le contexte précéramique archai͏̈que et paléoindien de l'Amérique du Sud". Bordeaux 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000BOR10533.
Testo completoVieira, Posada Edgar. "Développements régionaux d'espaces sous-nationaux, transfrontaliers et transnationaux : une option pour l'intégration de l'Amérique latine : analyse des possibilités sud-américaines et colombiennes dans le contexte de l'intégration européenne et latino-américaine". Paris 3, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA030124.
Testo completoThis thesis aims to identify the reasons to Latin American difficulties in the process of integrating within a globalized context; and to suggest a new formulation of this integration through a regions’ perspective, with a more active participation of civil society. It has been taken into consideration the circumstances in each states´ period of independence and formation, and the lack of results in the process of integration in the XIX and XX centuries. The previous issues have been analyzed within a framework of various theories that refer to integration processes and to the regional development of the European Union. The configuration of sub-national spaces in Colombia has also been analyzed, as well as the development of regional cross-border spaces with neighboring countries, issues that, accompanied with infrastructural improvement, will result in the construction of new Latin American and South American transnational spaces, supporting the region’s development
Guerrini, Françoise. "Génétique des populations et phylogénie des "Leishmania" du Nouveau Monde". Montpellier 2, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993MON20052.
Testo completoSteiner, Cynthia. "Contribution à l'étude de la phylogéographie et la phylogénie des opossums ("Marsupialia", "Didelphidae") en Amérique du sud". Montpellier 2, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003MON20028.
Testo completoRoucou, Pascal. "Impact des températures de surface océanique d'échelle globale sur la dynamique de l'atmosphère et les précipitations tropicales en Amérique du Sud à l'est des Andes : diagnostic et simulations numériques". Dijon, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997DIJOL025.
Testo completoOceanic variability is described through the main modes of variability. Time evolution of sea surface temperature (sst) show a warmer south Atlantic and a colder north Atlantic during the 70's and the 80's. This is concomitant of a warming of the pacific and Indian ocean and of stronger El Nino/southern oscillation (enso) episods. Rainfall variability in tropical South America (east of Andes) is described with a new dataset based on 186 stations. Rainfall time evolution, between the 50's and the 70's, is associated with the Atlantic sst gradient but is also modulate by enso. During the recent enso episods rainfall deficits are stronger, particularly in nordeste. Numerical experiments realised with the laboratoire de meteorologie dynamique atmospheric model show that, during an enso and when the atlantic gradient is south/north, subsidence anomalies occur on nordeste and equatorial atlantic. Numerical experiments conduct with the arpege-climat atmospheric model forced with idealised surface conditions show that the atlantic thermic gradient emphasizes a meridian circulation cell on nordeste and atlantic. Anomalies of the sea level pression field are associated with ascending and subsiding anomalies. During the 70's and 80's, subsiding anomalies are reinforced on equatorial atlantic and are linked with more important deficits in nordeste
Castillo, Fadic Gabriel. "Identité et altérité dans la musique américaine du XXe siècle au sud du Rio Bravo". Paris 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA010511.
Testo completoThe complex status of American art results from the fact that it represents both a projection of the occident and the scene of all its othernesses. The duality of the social, historical, political and economical plans that it implies shows itself in modalities of unstable compositions because of its submission to a double particularity. On the one hand, they express a tendency to adhere to european writing styles reproduced in local versions which are dissociated from the original contexts and their historic contigency. On the other hand, they prove to be incapable of dealing with the permanent contact with musical systems that stand outside the legitimacy parameters of the learned speech. This double conflict underscores the incomplete character of the aesthetic specification process within the society
Penso, Hillys. "Planifications stratégiques d'aéroports métropolitains en Amérique du Sud et en Europe de l'Ouest". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Chambéry, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021CHAMA019.
Testo completoContemporary urban planning and the evolution of airport infrastructure demonstrate a process of integration ofairports within regions. Theoretical and empirical studies support the airport’s role in the competitiveness of global cities. A historical review of air transport evolution reveals airports as regional development anchors based on commercial and knowledge exchange.A comparative review of South American and Western European airport influence regions (AIRs) and theirfundamental airport planning strategies highlights these new territorial definitions associated with ‘glocal’ airport dynamics. The strategies try to define objectives, orientations and borders created by the territorial configurations of the transport dynamics, economic development and the environmental footprint. The concept of these zones under development is contrasted with the implementation of political and governing structures to develop a coherent constellation of agents and their planning tools, which are often in contradiction.The intensification of economic activities has driven the diversification of airports’ activities towards AIRhybrid-patterns used as urban marketing tools. The vector of regional planning is developed by the treatment ofaccessibility and selective activities that produced the airport city (1977), aerotropolis (2001) and airport corridors (2007). AIR planning evolves as a regulatory/compensatory process of a dynamic footprint. A master plan is not flexible enough to develop airport activity in an uncertain market environment; transport-oriented development (TOD) models lead to multi-scale/multi-layer sectors in dynamic strategic project planning. Further, airport-region models adapt global and local conditions within coordinated governance processes while metropolitan socialecological systems show resilience
Chareille, Samantha. "Aménagement linguistique et constitution d'un ensemble régional : le cas du Mercosur (Argentine, Brésil, Paraguay et Uruguay) et du Chili". Paris 3, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA030055.
Testo completoBeing a new political, economical and professional area, the common Market of the South, is also a new linguistic and cultural area, a place of many references. Defined by is multilingualism and its many cultures, the Mercosur maintains its meaning through its respect of languages and cultures. The idea that the sense of belonging to the common Market is found in embryonic form in each national culture, is pure fiction. Besides, the resurgence of the innermost identities within the member-States proves that the market identity can be neither universal, which would mean denying the differences, nor specific, which would help to exacerbate them. It is obvious that the problem is far from being simple. The outcome of this quest for identity will depend on the ability to carefully handle an area of cultural diversity, a place of common allegiance, without losing the sense of Mercosurian citizenship. Through this research, and taking the case of the Mercosur and Chile, we intend to tackle a group of questions regarding the connection between the national linguistic policies (or visible lack of national linguistic policies) and the macro economical developments against background of community, identity and local assertion on the other hand. From this standpoint, we shall see the Mercosur - not only as it is factually but also as it is represented – constitutes less of a central force than a dynamic boundary of a moving area where it proceeds as a pointer and a catalyst, or even as an instrument to consciousness towards a reflection and initiative concerning the polities of language
Troin, Magali. "Réponse hydrologique du Lac Mar Chiquita (Argentine) aux changements climatiques : approche par modélisation couplée lac - bassin versant - climat". Aix-Marseille 3, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010AIX30035.
Testo completoThe subtropical latitudes of South America have been experiencing a major hydroclimatic change since the early 1970’s that has had a major societal impact affecting the local economy of one of the most densely populated regions. This change resulted in an abrupt increase in lake levels including Laguna Mar Chiquita, a lake which now covers 6000 km2, while the sedimentary records over the last millennium show a long drying trend. In order to gain a better understanding of the relation between lake level fluctuations and the climate variability in this region, this work aims to simulate the hydrological behaviour of Laguna Mar Chiquita and the relationship with its catchment. The implementation of the lake water balance indicates that lake fluctuations at the beginning of the 1970’s were in direct response to increased runoff in its northern sub-basin, suggesting a tropical climate influence. The coupling of the lake water balance with a hydrological watershed model has led to simulate lake level variations in relation with the climate of the northern sub-basin, highlighting the minor human impact in the recent hydroclimatic transition. For the first time, an integrated basin-lake model in link to global climate is presented combining the results of hydrological basin-lake modelling with the outputs of the climate LMDZ model through a statistical downscaling approach. This novel approach allows to explore the ability of global climate models to accurately represent the regional climate. In addition, it confirms the tropical influence on forcing of recent hydrological variabilities in this region of South America
Albujar, Carbajal Sergio. "Le "système de coopération" entre les collectivités locales sud-américaines : un modèle en construction au service de l'intégration régionale". Thesis, Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSE2081.
Testo completoThroughout South America, a political and legal system that recognizes local governments as actors of regional integration is under construction. This system mainly emerges from a spontaneous and coordinated convergence. Decentralization processes allow local governments to act externally, internationally. Inter-States integration initiatives support the cooperation between local authorities. Norms and rules for decentralization and for South American integration converge to set a minimum framework for the collaboration between local governments of different countries.An increase in decentralised cooperation is thus observed. Exchanges between local authorities have become natural on the political level, and legitimate on the legal level. Thanks to a circular dynamic, local governments adapt their administrations to the « territorial cooperation system » designed by States, and at the same time perfect it through their practices. At least two consequences flow from the system. Local authorities have the jurisdiction to free associationthroughout South America. They support the emergence or consolidation of transnational spaces. Then, a new territorial division emerges. Bi-oceanic and cross-border spaces coexist with more traditional territories, such as municipalities, regions or States. Therefore local authorities contribute to the regional integration in South America
Rodrigues, Andrew. "Etude phylogénétique des modalités de dispersion des Angiospermes entre l'Afrique et l'Amérique du Sud". Montpellier 2, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009MON20229.
Testo completoThe biotic link between Africa and South America has always fascinated scientists. With the advent of plate tectonics, this link could now be explained via a series of vicariance events i. E. The rupture of continental landmasses. However, molecular data have changed our ideas on the relative role of vicariance. Under a vicariant model, dates for taxon divergence should coincide with geological dates however, in the case of Africa and South America, the incorporation of a time scale in molecular analyses point to another explication. Dispersal, formerly considered a random process not able to produce clear patterns, is now seen as an playing an important role in producing biogeographical disjunctions. The expectation would be that marine and wind currents between Africa and South America have heavily influenced angiosperm biogeography between the two continents. In this thesis, we collate a maximal amount of molecular data for 38 angiosperm famillies with disjunctions between Africa and South America. We then infer from their phylogenies using probabilistic methods, the direction of dispersal events and we evaluate the correlation between the directions and the predominant marine and wind currents. Results are then examined taking into account their ecologies. A prelimanry stusy was also erformed on the order Malpighiales to estimate dates of divergence for several families posessing disjunctions between the two continents. We evaluate the frequency with which dispersal events between the continents have occured during the Tertiary
Maamaatuaiahutapu, Keitapu. "Etude de la circulation dans la région de confluence des courants du Brésil et des Malouines". Toulouse 3, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994TOU30043.
Testo completoSanabria, Sánchez Fabián. "Les apparitions contemporaines de la Vierge en Amérique latine : un exemple des recompositions du croire au coeur de la modernité". Paris, EHESS, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999EHES0060.
Testo completoSilva, Cícero Pereira. "Le Mercosul et l'Union européenne : histoires et relations communes, par voie du Brésil et du Portugal". Nice, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997NICE2006.
Testo completoBrazil's position within the protuguese community and brazilians' investments in the European market and Portugal's position in "Mercosul" (marcosud - southcommon market). It is also the study of idiomatic unification that represents today, a universe with more than 170 million south american lusophones in a continental geografical country. We must refer, the intellectual and cultural agreements and the convention of eguality of rights' and duties, as well as other luso-brazilian treaties. With Portugal's adhesion to the e. E. C. , these agreements have acquired a singular importance, that is why they have been the object of extreme harsh and unjust criticism. When the nationalist movements expelled the protuguese from Angola, mozambique and guinea rissan, the portuguese government was unable to shelter such a large number of citizens in a country that was already going through a complicated political transaction. They ended up turning to the brazilians' to help resolve their problem. The recent flux of brazilian emigration to Portugal is the latest page in history defining this strong bond, which could in itself, erase future assymetric inter-blocks
Mesturini, Silvia. "Espaces chamaniques en mouvement: iItinéraires vécus et géographies multiples entre Europe et Amérique du Sud". Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210077.
Testo completoDoctorat en sciences sociales, Orientation anthropologie
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Cordova, Pozo Kathya. "Le pouvoir des économies de petite taille en Amérique du sud à leur insertion internationale". Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00960626.
Testo completoBlumenthal, Edward. "Exils et constructions nationales en Amérique du sud : proscrits argentins et chiliens au XIXe siècle". Paris 7, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA070085.
Testo completoThis dissertation analyses the role of exile in nation building in Argentina and Chile (1810-1860). Analyzing the correspondence and other writings of mid-century romantic intellectuals as a corpus produced in, and shaped by, exile, it looks at the production, circulation and reception of these texts, and the effects this circulation had on the development of nation building projects in both countries. It also examines the circulation of the exiles themselves in the region and shows how exiles used cross-border networks, based on commercial and family networks that pre-dated independence, to find employment and fight for change at home, as well as working in professions associated with the articulation of nation-building projects. Participation in the host countries' public sphere profoundly shaped both the exiles' political projects as well as debates in the host countries themselves. Argentinians in Chile found a model of stability and ordered progress, which tempered their liberal romanticism, but also affected on political conflict in Chile. Chileans in the Rio de la Plata brought with them a series a representations of exile, developed by Argentinian exiles, which would shape both their view of Chile and their participation in the conflicts between Buenos Aires and the Confederation. Furthermore, the effects of the encounter between Chilean and Argentinian exiles had repercussions in the founding texts, debates and historiography of both countries. Indeed, in part because of exile, the mid-century liberal nation-building projects of both countries were profoundly intertwined
Postic, Sébastien. "Modélisation prospective pour le secteur énergétique en Amérique du Sud - Application aux négociations climatiques internationales". Thesis, Paris, ENMP, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ENMP0048/document.
Testo completoTogether, Central and South America and the Caribbean represent more than 450 million people and 12% of the Earth's total emerged land. The region stands out in the global energy landscape for the outstanding contribution of renewable sources to its energy production. Maintaining this level of renewable energy in the future might prove a challenging task, as ‘historical' energy sources (hydropower, biomass) run into sustainability issues and ‘new' options (wind, solar, geothermal energy) still depend on public support schemes. However, South America's small fossil resource endowment and excellent renewable potential make it the ideal candidate for pioneering a renewable energy transition. The energy sector's contribution in fueling economic growth in a socially and environmentally sustainable way is also an issue that is particularly significant in the developing context on the continent. Climate change is a region-scale concern. The continent's emissions per capita are above the global average, and the region is also likely to be one of the most impacted by climate change. South America's energy sector is vulnerable both on the supply side (hydropower and biomass resources) and the demand side (increased demand for e.g. agriculture and air conditioning). Despite shared regional strengths and concerns, however, South America appears as a highly heterogeneous and fragmented continent. The region's physical layout is a stumbling block for regional integration. Two centuries of regional wars complicate political cooperation at national level, and the historical evolution has created strong disparities between national energy sectors. Various attempts to cooperate on transnational infrastructure have ended up as costly failures in past years.The aim of this PhD work, half of which was conducted in France and half in Chile, was to develop a mathematical model adapted to the study of long-term energy issues, at a regional scale, for South America. This model, TIMES-América Latina y el Caribe, was applied to studying the impact of national climate policies on regional energy, as the world prepares for a global climate agreement at the Paris conference in December 2015.This document is divided in five chapters. Chapter 1 offers a historical overview of South America's history with a focus on the energy sector, followed by a description of the specificities and challenges of South American energy today. Chapter 2 presents the concepts of prospective and scenario modeling, along with a historical overview and a state-of-the-art of energy prospective in South America. Chapter 3 details the model's main features: its ten-region disaggregation, its modeling rules and the structure and main assumptions for supply and demand, including macroeconomic drivers, resource potentials, and extraction costs. Chapter 4 presents the climate change issue and its implications for South America; it also describes the international climate negotiations, from their beginning in 1972 to the current tentative contributions. Finally, chapter 5 analyses the impacts of these pledges on South America's energy sector, and the contribution of the latter to fulfilling these pledges, as a direct application of the model developed in this thesis
Terrier, Laure. "La criminalité environnementale ou l’impossible jouissance des droits de l’homme : le cas de l’exploitation industrielle et commerciale des ressources aurifères et diamantifères en Amérique Latine". Paris 10, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA100194.
Testo completoThis research work focuses on the socio-environmental impacts of industrial gold and diamond mining in Latin America. It analyzes the normative and institutional legal framework, both existing and projected, and its relevance in the pursuit of an ambitious goal: to restore a full and effective implementation of Human Rights. The case study of the open pit mine in Paracatu, Brazil gathers various testimonies and evidence of Human Rights abuses, collected during an investigation and fact-finding trip. The examples of cases in Guatemala, Peru, Argentina, Chile or Salvador bear also testify to serious environmental and Human Rights abuses in the context of industrial and intensive gold and diamond mining. Considering the seriousness of the facts described herein, judiciary mechanisms destined to sentenced environmental crimes will prove to be insufficient and less effective than extra-judiciary ones. A positive prospect is the implementation of standards that frame fairtrade and fairmined gold in a legal framework
Laurelli, Elsa. "Intervention de l'État et transformation du territoire au travers des stratégies de pôles énergétiques-industriels, de relocalisation industrielle et d'intégration régionale : étude à partir de cas latino-américains (Cône Sud, Mexique)". Paris 3, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA030117.
Testo completoThe research developped has as main objective tha analisis, comprehension and isolation of regularities of state's interventions in latin america during tha last thirty years as well as the preview of tha possible scenaries that could result from the xxith century's transformations. This has required the identification of significant periods: the industrial poles stategy of the 70's, the industrial relocalisation in the 80's deceny crise and the recent perod of integration policies. The most significant cases studied are exemples in the south cone and in mexico, where we have studied and worked over the las twenty years: salto grande hidroelectrial projet in argentina, the nuclear and electrical production in atucha i and ii; industrial promotion policies, specialised territories, atlantic-pacific bioceanic strategy. The approach to this subject is centered in the relationship between the power system evolution and space production
Agostinis, Giovanni. "Constructing regionalism from sectoral cooperation: a comparative analysis of the emergence, outcomes, and effects of South American health and defence cooperation within UNASUR". Thesis, IMT Alti Studi Lucca, 2016. http://e-theses.imtlucca.it/196/1/Agostinis_phdthesis.pdf.
Testo completoTapia, Miguel. "Sujet scientifique et connaissance objective dans la littérature hispano-américaine [1940-1965]". Thesis, Paris 3, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA030082.
Testo completoThe objective of this dissertation is to evaluate the influence of scientific thought in the narrative works of five Mexican and Argentinean writers published in the mid twentieth century: Adolfo Bioy Casares, Ernesto Sábato, Jorge Luis Borges, Salvador Elizondo and Juan José Arreola. As they relate to various artistic and intellectual currents, the literary projects of writers from this period produced a rich laboratory of appropriation and reinterpretation of ideas, with scientific knowledge often appearing within a contradictory and ambiguous framework. The present investigation attempts to read these works by analyzing that which we consider to be transposable from scientific thought to literary discourse: a cognitive scientific subjectivity. Understood as a fiction within psychological parameters, this subjectivity —the articulating voice of each narration— is constructed with a certain philosophical attitude and a specific methodology. I argue that through the analysis of the presence of this scientific subjectivity in the narrations it is possible to extract an idea of scientific knowledge. The latter is conceptualized here not as a transmitted knowledge, but as a product of the scientific subjectivity found within the text. This process of production is studied in three parts. The first traces the presence of the scientific subjectivity in discourse, identifying its textual strategies and determining the role that this subjectivity plays in the unfolding of a well-defined cognitive program. In the second part of the investigation I focus on the role played, within the actant configuration of the narrations, by the scientific characters involved in each narration, these understood as the actors through whom scientific subjectivity is made manifest. In the third stage I study the role played by various sets of knowledge produced by the texts within the fictional architecture and within the construction of meaning
Desbordes, Rhoda. "Transnationales de l'information et le Nouveau Monde : quelques aspects de la présence des agences internationales d'information en Amérique du Sud, 1874-1919". Paris 3, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA030112.
Testo completoWhen information became an important tool for the development of capitalism in the 19th century, international news agencies looked for new territories to expand their business. Through a Joint Purse Agreement, the Reuter’s Telegram Compagny (1851) of London and the Havas Agency (1832) of Paris decided to go together to South America. They were able to accomplish their wishes when the transatlantic cable linking Europe to the South American continent was finally laid down between Brazil and London. As this joint venture ends by 1876, Havas could finally foresee a monopoly of the South American market till the end of the First World War. Based on a thorough research on company and diplomatic archives, this dissertation contributes to the history of news agencies. By dividing the period of study in three phases, each one enhancing one aspect of this information exploitation (the installment strategies, the human components and the rivalry produced by other, local or international, news agencies) this dissertation concludes the partial loss of the French monopoly in the region
Susani, Nadine. "Le système de règlement des différends du Mercosur". Paris 10, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA100062.
Testo completoThe Mercosur is an economic integration organization because its institutional structure is not community-based and this is particularly reflected in the system of settling disputes. The resolution mechanism of the litigations in place have always been adapted to respond to the demands of integration but have always maintained an important anchorage in the most classical of international law. They only use co-operative tools. This research proposes to examine how the objective of economical integration has influenced the conception of the procedures of settling disagreements as well as what these mechanisms, when used effectively by the Mercosur State members, have bought to economical integration. In this sense, the States have tried to resolve their differences by the bias of the consultation mechanism, a process well known to economical International law, and which has revealed itself to be essential to establishing trusting relationships between states. Finally, the appeals to the Mercosur tribunals ad hoc of arbitration the have permitted to reinforce juridicial security and to outline certain important principles for the progress of economical integration
Palomino, Barrios Andres. "Nouveau cinema en amerique du sud vu a travers le miroir de ses films". Toulouse 2, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993TOU20076.
Testo completoLadevèze, Sandrine. "La région auditive des Métathériens (Mammalia, Metatheria) du tertiaire inférieur d'Amérique du sud : Incidence sur l'origine phylogénétique et la systématique des Notometatheria (Métathériens d'Australie et d'Amérique du sud". Paris, Muséum national d'histoire naturelle, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005MNHN0049.
Testo completoPaleocene layers from Tiupampa (Bolivia) and Itaboraí (Brazil) are of a main importance in the understanding of the Notometatheria evolutionary history, since they provide the most abundant and the oldest metatherian assemblage of South America. They have yielded many dental remains as well as skulls and isolated petrosals, which are here described. Morphometric studies show that molars proportions are correlated with that of petrosals; however, the assignation of a petrosal to a dental-based taxon remains difficult. Parsimony analyses were conducted on dental, cranial and petrosal characters. Two hypotheses clash: (i) Notometatheria would have diverged from North American and Asiatic taxa towards the late Cretaceous; (ii) "Notometatheria" would be polyphyletic, and an early differentiation of the paraphyletic "borhyaenoids" would have occurred before the divergence of cretaceous laurasiatic metatherians and the other "notometatherians"
Agostinis, Giovanni. "Constructing regionalism from sectoral cooperation : a comparative analysis of the emergence, outcomes, and effects of South American health and defence cooperation within UNASUR". Thesis, Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016IEPP0034.
Testo completoThis research deals with the emergence, outcomes, and effects of regional cooperation in the fields of public health and defence within the UNASUR institutional framework. By zooming into sector-based cooperation in two diverse, yet equally important policy areas such as health and defence, I try to shed light on the triggers, drivers, institutionalisation patterns, and results of sectoral regionalism in South America. In doing so, the research intends to contribute to the study of UNASUR and South American regionalism, exploring the endogenous logics and dynamics of sector-based cooperation among South American states that have been largely neglected by the area-specific literature. Scholars have predominantly analysed UNASUR either as the result of a structural post-hegemonic and post-liberal shift experienced by the South American region in response to the multipolar reconfiguration of the international system and the world economy or as a regional organisation that suffers from the institutional limitations typical of intergovernmentalism and overlaps ineffectively with other regional organisations. Less attention has been paid to what does actually happen within the UNASUR Sectoral Councils. I posit that in order to grasp the significance of UNASUR and the logics underlying the evolution of South American regionalism, we need to know more about why governments set up a regional institution for pursuing cooperation in a given policy area, what are the characteristics and impact of regional sector-based institutions, and what are the outcomes and effects of sectoral cooperation. This research attempts to fill this gap in the literature on South American regionalism by providing an empirically rich and theoretically grounded analysis of how South American states are constructing regionalism through intergovernmental sectoral cooperation
Delsuc, Frédéric. "Phylogénie moléculaire des xénarthres (tatous, fourmiliers et paresseux) : application des méthodes probabilistes à la reconstruction de leur histoire évolutive au sein des mammifères placentaires". Montpellier 2, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002MON20197.
Testo completoYáñez, Andrade Juan Carlos. "L’OIT et l’Amérique du Sud (1919-1949) : la construction d’un laboratoire social régional". Paris, EHESS, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014EHES0153.
Testo completoThis research is proposed as a central objective the study of the formation of a regional social laboratory in South America, in the context of the internationalization of social produced by the multiplication of the conference, the networking of progressive intellectuals and especially the creation of the first international organizations. The idea is to study the circulation, relationships, transfers and transnational action programs incubated slowly in the early years of the twentieth century around a new institution which has universal social values as a mark of origin: International Labour Organization (ILO). South America is an important region for the study of such experiences. The organization of the thesis is divided into two parts: a) The first part includes the problem of the internationalization of the social, where the importance of South America in the consolidation of the ILO beyond Europe. B) The second part, comprising the last three chapters, analyzes the possibilities that South America offers expertise to the development of the BIT
Fontaine, Guillaume. "Le prix du pétrole : ethnicité et gouvernance des conflits socio-écologiques en Equateur et en Colombie dans les années 1990". Paris 3, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA030081.
Testo completoMédigue, Alice. "Mémoires latino-américaines contre l'oppression : témoignages d'exilés du Cône sud, 1960-2000 /". Paris : Indigo, 2008. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb413145131.
Testo completoGoiffon, Marie. "Le processus de littoralisation dans les départements français d'Amérique et ses modes de gestion territoriale". Aix-Marseille 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005AIX10050.
Testo completo