Letteratura scientifica selezionata sul tema "Aluminum mines and mining"

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Articoli di riviste sul tema "Aluminum mines and mining"

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Jorgenson, Mica, e John Sandlos. "Dust versus Dust: Aluminum Therapy and Silicosis in the Canadian and Global Mining Industries". Canadian Historical Review 102, n. 1 (marzo 2021): 1–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/chr-2019-0049.

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By the 1930s, silicosis – a debilitating lung disease caused by the inhalation of silica dust – had reached epidemic proportions among miners in the gold-producing Porcupine region of northern Ontario. In response, industrial doctors at the McIntyre Mine began to test aluminum powder as a possible prophylactic against the effects of silica dust. In 1944, the newly created McIntyre Research Foundation began distributing aluminum powder throughout Canada and exported this new therapy to mines across the globe. The practice continued until the 1980s despite a failure to replicate preventative effects of silicosis and emerging evidence of adverse neurological impacts among long-time recipients of aluminum therapy. Situated at the intersection of labour, health, science, and environmental histories, this article argues that aluminum therapy represents an extreme and important example where industry and health researchers collaborated on quick-fix “miracle cures” rather than the systemic (and more expensive) changes to the underground environment necessary to reduce the risk of silicosis.
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Dehnert, Jörg, Jens Stopp, Peter Windisch e Bernd Schönherrt. "Quick-Erect Stopping System for Radiation Protection and Mine Rescue in Small-scale Mining". Mining, Metallurgy & Exploration 37, n. 6 (23 luglio 2020): 1807–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s42461-020-00261-2.

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AbstractThe Quick-Erect Stopping System (QESS) offers a new way of reducing the radon exposures of miners in Germany, especially during remediation work in old mines. The QESS is a light-weight, modular, and reusable construction kit of interlocking telescopic aluminum tubes, radon-proof foil, and expanding foam. It is designed to seal off radon-rich parts of galleries within only a few minutes. Originally, the QESS was developed to protect miners against radon exposures. Then, the QESS found the attention of several mine rescue teams at a German mining conference. The Student Mine Rescue of the Technical University Bergakademie Freiberg and the Wismut Mine Rescue carried out first mine rescue drills in Freiberg and Schlema. Additionally, a mine rescue drill was carried out by the Front Range Mine Rescue in the Edgar Experimental Mine of the Colorado School of Mines. These drills helped to improve the system and highlighted its potential for mine rescue operations. Now, the QESS is well-suited for small-scale mining. The QESS can be used to seal off galleries in only a few minutes to both protect miners from radon exposures and to support mine rescue operations. Moreover, the QESS was also successfully used in ventilation experiments.
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Evans, Michael J., Kathryn Kay, Chelsea Proctor, Christian J. Thomas e Jacob W. Malcom. "Linking mountaintop removal mining to water quality for imperiled species using satellite data". PLOS ONE 16, n. 11 (4 novembre 2021): e0239691. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0239691.

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Environmental laws need sound data to protect species and ecosystems. In 1996, a proliferation of mountaintop removal coal mines in a region home to over 50 federally protected species was approved under the Endangered Species Act. Although this type of mining can degrade terrestrial and aquatic habitats, the available data and tools limited the ability to analyze spatially extensive, aggregate effects of such a program. We used two large, public datasets to quantify the relationship between mountaintop removal coal mining and water quality measures important to the survival of imperiled species at a landscape scale across Kentucky, Tennessee, Virginia, and West Virginia. We combined an annual map of the extent of surface mines in this region from 1985 to 2015 generated from Landsat satellite imagery with public water quality data collected over the same time period from 4,260 monitoring stations within the same area. The water quality data show that chronic and acute thresholds for levels of aluminum, arsenic, cadmium, conductivity, copper, lead, manganese, mercury, pH, selenium, and zinc safe for aquatic life were exceeded thousands of times between 1985 and 2015 in streams that are important to the survival and recovery of species on the Endangered Species List. Linear mixed models showed that levels of manganese, sulfate, sulfur, total dissolved solids, total suspended solids, and zinc increased by 6.73E+01 to 6.87E+05 μg/L and conductivity by 3.30E+06 μS /cm for one percent increase in the mined proportion of the area draining into a monitoring station. The proportion of a drainage area that was mined also increased the likelihood that chronic thresholds for copper, lead, and zinc required to sustain aquatic life were exceeded. Finally, the proportion of a watershed that was mined was positively related to the likelihood that a waterway would be designated as impaired under the Clean Water Act. Together these results demonstrate that the extent of mountaintop removal mining, which can be derived from public satellite data, is predictive of water quality measures important to imperiled species—effects that must be considered under environmental law. These findings and the public data used in our analyses are pertinent to ongoing re-evaluations of the effects of current mine permitting regulations to the recovery and survival of federally protected species.
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Zhou, Xue Lian. "Development and Utilization of Circular Economy and Urban Mining - Chengdu City Based Renewable Resource Industry Survey". Applied Mechanics and Materials 768 (giugno 2015): 644–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.768.644.

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Along with the process of economic growth and urbanization, China has entered a peak period of electronic appliances and automotive industry products obsolescence. On one hand, municipal waste disposal is increasing and causing environmental pollution and damage; on the other hand, native mineral resources’ exhaustion has increased year by year along with exploitation difficulty and mineral resources import growth. Meanwhile, urban industrial scrap, aka "urban mines", does contain abundant of renewable resources, such as copper, iron, and aluminum. Therefore, based on the theory of circular economy, the exploitation of these "urban mines" is the key strategic industry of China’s "12th five-year plan". This paper is based on the survey of Chengdu city regeneration resources industry situation. We analyzed the current status of regeneration resources recycling industry in Chengdu city, finding problems such as the number of existing garbage collection stations inadequate for renewable resources, and processing technology out of date. Generally speaking, the renewable resources industry in Chengdu is under developed.
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Sheka, I., e Ye Tsivka. "Substantination of carbon fiber as an innovative materials for fistening of mining workings of coal mines". Collection of Research Papers of the National Mining University 64 (2021): 112–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.33271/crpnmu/64.112.

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Purpose. To analyze composite materials and prospects of their use as fastening materials for mining of coal mines.Perform a comparative analysis of the physical and mechanical properties of the innovative material carbon fiber and metallic materials, as well as compare their features. To determine the possibility of using carbon fiber as a fastening material for mining of coal mines. Research methodology. The generalization of physical and mechanical properties of carbon fiber on the basis of its analysis is performed. The features of mechanical properties of carbon fiber, steel and aluminum are compared, which showed that this composite material has the best physical and mechanical properties and it is expedient to use it in the fastening elements of mine workings. Research results. The areas of use of composite materials in industry are analyzed and generalized, and it is concluded that it is better to use carbon fiber as a fastening material for coal mine workings. A comparative analysis of the physical and mechanical properties of carbon fiber and steel is performed, which shows that this composite material has identical (and sometimes even better) properties as metallic materials. The advantages and disadvantages of carbon fiber as a fastening material for mining of coal mines are estimated. It is specified that the restraining factor, today, is the cost of carbon fiber, and later their price will decrease and demand will increase. It is concluded that when using this composite material in the fasteners of mine workings, it is possible to increase the pace of their implementation, reduce the complexity of the work performed and improve working conditions while facilitating the design. Scientific novelty. It is established that carbon fiber as a composite material can be used in the fastening elements of the preparatory workings of coal mines. Practical value. According to the results of the analysis, it is established that carbon plastics can be used in the fastening elements of mine workings, which will promote the development of underground coal mining.
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MURAO, S., K. NAITO, S. HAMASAKI, S. H. SIE e G. DEJIDMAA. "BISMUTH CONTENT OF ELECTRUM FROM MONGOLIAN ARTISANAL/SMALL-SCALE MINING SITES". International Journal of PIXE 16, n. 01n02 (gennaio 2006): 145–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0129083506000903.

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Bismuth ( Bi ) content of electrum from Mongolian artisanal/small-scale mining sites was determined by micro-PIXE at CSIRO. This is to provide artisanal/small-scale miners information on the valuable trace element in electrum which they recover from quartz veins. The analysis was done using a 3 MeV micro-beam (30 micrometer in diameter) with an aluminum filter of 125 micrometer thickness. The result showed that electrum grains from the study area contains Bi with a range from 0 to 2,530 ppm.
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Martell, Janice, e Tee Guidotti. "Breathe Deep, Boys: Voices of the McIntyre Powder Project Miners". NEW SOLUTIONS: A Journal of Environmental and Occupational Health Policy 32, n. 1 (9 febbraio 2022): 48–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/10482911221079056.

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Northern Ontario gold and uranium miners represent the largest cohort of industrial laborers who were historically exposed to daily nonconsensual industrial medical treatments involving the inhalation of finely ground aluminum dust known as McIntyre Powder. The daughter of one of those miners founded the McIntyre Powder Project in 2015 to document health issues in exposed miners, in an effort to determine whether her father's Parkinson's was related to aluminum inhalation. In response, 553 miners registered with the McIntyre Powder Project between 2015 and 2021 either directly or by their next-of-kin. This paper compiles their lived experiences of being subjected to McIntyre Powder, which contrasts starkly with the official narrative of the northern Ontario mining industry, which licensed its use globally. Additionally, this paper illuminates concerning industrial practices that emerged from the miners’ disclosures, involving incentivized claims suppression, and raising serious questions about the effectiveness of medical screening and regulatory enforcement.
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Thevi, T., e A. L. Abas. "Effects of Bauxite and Alumina Exposure on Incidence of Cancer - Meta-analysis". Kathmandu University Medical Journal 18, n. 4 (31 dicembre 2020): 414–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/kumj.v18i4.49256.

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Bauxite is an ore from which Aluminium is produced. Malaysia, once the leading producer of bauxite has reduced production as mining activity has caused community outrage. Due to concerns about health concerns, rising pollution and environmental hazards, the government has revoked the licenses of bauxite miners. We therefore did a meta-analysis to assess the relationship between exposure to Bauxite and Alumina with incidence of various types of cancers. Bauxite mines and alumina refineries. Individuals of all ages exposed to Bauxite and Alumina. Exposure to bauxite and alumina. Incidence due to overall cancers and specific types of cancers. Exposure to bauxite and alumina did not cause variations in incidence of overall cancer and specific types of cancer such as cancer of lip, cancer of the oral cavity and pharynx, cancer of digestive organs and others. We conclude that there is no evidence that bauxite or alumina exposure cause increase incidence of cancer but due to the small number of studies included in this review, we recommend more cohort studies to be done in future.
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Mudd, Gavin M. "Assessing the Availability of Global Metals and Minerals for the Sustainable Century: From Aluminium to Zirconium". Sustainability 13, n. 19 (29 settembre 2021): 10855. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su131910855.

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Mining supplies metals and minerals to meet the material and energy needs of the modern world. Typically, mineral resources are widely considered to be ‘finite’ in nature, yet, paradoxically, global production and reported reserves and resources continue to grow. This paper synthesizes an extensive array of data on the long-term trends in cumulative mine production, reserves and resources at a global level as well detailed case studies of Australia, a global leader in many sectors of mining, and lithium, a new metal with rapidly growing demand. Overall, the paper shows that growing mine production has been clearly matched by growing reserves and resources, although there are numerous complex social, environmental and governance factors which are already affecting mines and are expected to increasingly affect mining into the future. Thus it is not possible at present to determine the ‘ultimately recoverable resource’, especially as this is a dynamic quantity dependent on a variety of inter-related factors (e.g., exploration, social issues, technology, market dynamics, environmental risks, governance aspects, etc.). This finding reinforces the need for continuing detailed studies of all metals and minerals to understand their individual supply and use dynamics to help modern society meet its needs and sustainable development goals.
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Proenza, Joaquín A., Lisard Torró e Carl E. Nelson. "Mineral deposits of Latin America and the Caribbean. Preface". Boletín de la Sociedad Geológica Mexicana 72, n. 3 (28 novembre 2020): A250820. http://dx.doi.org/10.18268/bsgm2020v72n3a250820.

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The region that encompasses Latin America and the Caribbean is a preferential destination for mining and mineral exploration, according to the Mineral Commodity Summaries 2020 of the US Geological Survey (https://www.usgs.gov/centers/nmic/). The region contains important resources of copper, gold, silver, nickel, cobalt, iron, niobium, aluminum, zinc, lead, tin, lithium, chromium, and other metals. For example, Chile is the world’s largest copper producer and the second largest lithium producer. Brazil is the world’s leading niobium producer, the second largest producer of iron ore, and the third-ranked producer of tantalum. Cuba contains some of the largest reserves of nickel and cobalt in the world, associated with lateritic Ni-Co deposits. Mexico is traditionally the largest silver producer and contains the two largest mines in this commodity and, along with Peru, Chile, Bolivia and Argentina, accounts for more than half of the total amount of global silver production. The region also hosts several world-class gold mines (e.g., Pueblo Viejo in the Dominican Republic, Paracotu in Brazil, Veladero in Argentina, and Yanacocha in Peru). Also, Bolivia and Brazil are among the world’s leading producers of tin. The region hosts a variety of deposit types, among which the most outstanding are porphyry copper and epithermal precious metal, bauxite and lateritic nickel, lateritic iron ore from banded iron-formation, iron-oxide-copper-gold (IOCG), sulfide skarn, volcanogenic massive sulfide (VMS), Mississippi Valley type (MVT), primary and weathering-related Nb-bearing minerals associated with alkaline–carbonatite complexes, tin–antimony polymetallic veins, and ophiolitic chromite. This special issue on Mineral Deposits of Latin America and the Caribbean in the Boletín de la Sociedad Geológica Mexicana contains nineteen papers. Contributions describe mineral deposits from Mexico, Panama, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Colombia, Venezuela, Ecuador, Chile, and Argentina. This volume of papers covers four mineral systems (mafic-ultramafic orthomagmatic mineral systems, porphyry-skarn-epithermal mineral systems, iron oxide copper-gold mineral systems, and surficial mineral systems). This special issue also includes papers on industrial minerals, techniques for ore discovery (predictive modelling of mineral exploration using GIS), regional metallogeny and mining history.
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Tesi sul tema "Aluminum mines and mining"

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Anderson, Jonathan D. "Impacts of amending bauxite residue sands with residue fines for the establishment of vegetation on residue disposal areas /". Murdoch University Digital Theses Program, 2009. http://wwwlib.murdoch.edu.au/adt/browse/view/adt-MU20090831.155453.

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Kopittke, Peter Martin. "Limitations to plant root growth in highly saline and alkaline bauxite residue /". [St. Lucia, Qld.], 2004. http://adt.library.uq.edu.au/public/adt-QU20040913.094109/index.html.

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Mengler, Faron. "Gully erosion on rehabilitated bauxite mines". University of Western Australia. School of Earth and Geographical Sciences, 2008. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2008.0176.

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[Truncated abstract] Landforms rehabilitated after bauxite mining can be vulnerable to soil loss by water erosion processes. On most rehabilitated sites, management controls such as deep ripping, contour mounding and landscaped sub-catchments limit erosion. Despite these measures, severe gully erosion that is anecdotally associated with steep slopes can damage rehabilitated areas and affect downstream drinking water resources. A review of erosion dynamics reveals that gullies develop episodically and in a non-linear manner. They often initiated as a near surface process and are influenced by natural climatic drivers. Despite this, local site characteristics including soil and landform can predispose an area to gully erosion. Moreover, erosion models, becoming more-widely utilized within the mining industry, may provide useful tools with which to measure, analyse, and manage gully erosion. One of these models, SIBERIA was tested to determine its suitability for application a tool to help manage erosion risk. We first surveyed 26 eroding and erosion-prone rehabilitated hillslopes to determine the common form and setting for gully erosion on these rehabilitated bauxite mines. A conceptual model was developed to include and explore the interplay between the common causes of the gullies surveyed. The conceptual model accounts for slope steepness but suggests that additionally, certain triggers and threshold effects operating under different site conditions are as influential (or even more influential) than slope steepness as determinants of gully erosion occurrence and severity. ... Soil properties and soil erodibility had some subtle influence on landform stability and erosion risk. The most-erodible media occurred where either: mine floor material was mixed with topsoil/ overburden; and/or the topsoil/overburden layer was thin or its coverage is patchy resulting in slaking subsoil, hardsetting soil and surface crusts. When erodible surface media were combined with steeper (>8[degrees]) or longer (>50 m) slopes or with any major erosion trigger, rill and gully development was greatly intensified. The SIBERIA simulation model was calibrated and its simulated outputs were compared to known locations of gully erosion on a steep, rehabilitated pit from the Willowdale mine. At a resolution of one metre, SIBERIA was able to simulate the approximate dimensions of gullies. However, SIBERIA could not simulate the exact location of individual gully headcuts. Additionally, SIBERA was able to simulate the effect of different microtopographic surface treatments but this was only achieved by increasing the grid resolution to 25 cm and reducing the size of the area simulated due to model constraints. Locations of gully headcuts were overlain onto a grid-based, Digital Elevation Model (DEM) using a Geographic Information System (GIS). The spatial distribution of gully headcut locations was compared to DEM derivatives such as slope and flow accumulation. Positive, and predictive relationships allow between the steepness of the slope of the pre-mining landform and the cell count of the area contributing to flow (catchment), as determined by GIS, may allow a mine scale indication of erosion risk using simple GIS desktop analysis.
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Dias, Fabiana Ferrari. "Percepção da população em relação as empresas de lavra e beneficiamento de Bauxita no municipio de Poços de Caldas, MG". [s.n.], 2007. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/287123.

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Orientador: Rachel Negrão Cavalcanti
Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Geociencias
Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-09T15:11:01Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dias_FabianaFerrari_D.pdf: 11281113 bytes, checksum: 92b77a510956fc2cc26128258cf02bf2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007
Resumo: Intensas atividades de mineração na região de Poços de Caldas se tornaram o objeto de sérias discussões. O alumínio é extraído da bauxita encontrada em áreas próximas à malha urbana. A população está ciente de tais atividades de mineração, entretanto, não há um claro entendimento sobre impactos sociais e ambientais. Questionários cuidadosamente preparados foram submetidos aos representantes da população, aos membros voluntários das ONGs locais e aos governantes pertinentes. Bancos de dados federais foram utilizados para reunir informações sobre áreas locais de concessões de mineração. Resultados georeferenciados indicaram que a população possui uma percepção positiva sobre as atividades de mineração e está ciente da sua importância. Entretanto, o estudo foi capaz de identificar algumas deficiências nas estratégias de comunicação empregadas pelas empresas de mineração. Esta Tese é uma fonte de dados para a percepção da população em relação às atividades de mineração e foi empregada para criar um banco de dados GIS. Em adição, apontou estratégias modernas que podem ajudar a melhorar o relacionamento entre as empresas de mineração e a população local e direcionar outros projetos similares envolvendo variadas atividades de mineração próximas às áreas urbanas
Abstract: Intense mining activities in the region of Poços de Caldas have become the object of serious discussion. Aluminum is extracted from bauxite ore found in areas near urban developments. The population is aware of such mining activities, however, there is no clear understanding regarding social and environmental impacts. Carefully prepared questionnaires were submitted to representatives from the general population, to volunteer members of local NGOs, and government authorities. Available government databases were employed to gather information about local mining concession areas. Georeferenced results indicated that the population perception towards mining activities is positive and the population is aware of its importance. However, the study was able to identify some deficiencies in communication strategies employed by the mining companies. This thesis is a source of data for population perception regarding mining activities and was employed to create a GIS database. In addition, it pointed out modern strategies that can help to improve the relation between mining companies and the local population and guide other similar projects involving diverse mining activities near urban areas
Doutorado
Administração e Politica de Recursos Minerais
Doutor em Ciências
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Prananto, Agnes Kristina. "The use of remotely sensed data to analyse spatial and temporal trends in vegetation patchiness within rehabilitated bauxite mines in the Darling Range, W.A. /". Connect to this title, 2005. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2006.0012.

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Collins, Margaret Thora. "Factors affecting the recovery of orchids in a post-mining landscape". University of Western Australia. School of Earth and Geographical Sciences, 2008. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2008.0022.

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[Truncated abstract] Currently, Alcoa World Alumina Australia (Alcoa) mines and undertakes procedures to rehabilitate approximately 550 ha of jarrah forest each year at two open-cut bauxite mines in South-West Western Australia. Alcoa aims to establish a self-sustaining jarrah forest ecosystem that maintains the functions of the landscape prior to mining, including biodiversity, on areas that have been mined for bauxite. Indigenous terrestrial orchids form a significant proportion of the indigenous geophytic plant species that either fail to colonise rehabilitated areas or do so very slowly. Terrestrial orchids are considered to be particularly sensitive to competition from weeds and disturbance, which combined with the obligate nature of the orchid-mycorrhizal fungus association suggests that orchids would colonise rehabilitation areas only when both microhabitat sites and soil microflora have established. Occurrence of certain orchids may therefore be expected to be useful as indicators of ecosystem health, the success of vegetation establishment and the recovery of edaphic conditions suitable for orchid mycorrhizal fungi. Vegetation surveys were undertaken to compare orchid species richness and population size of a chrono-sequence of rehabilitation areas with adjacent unmined forest. ... Orchid taxa present in each vegetation assemblage were generally not exclusive to these assemblages, with the following broad exclusions: D. bracteata was found only in species assemblages associated with rehabilitation areas; and Eriochilus sp. and T. crinita were found only in species assemblages associated with unmined forest. No single orchid species appears to be an indicator of ecosystem recovery. However, the presence of populations of C. flava, P. sp. crinkled leaf (G.J.Keighery 13426) or P. recurva in combination with the absence of the disturbance opportunist orchid taxa D. bracteata and M. media appears to be a measure of the maturity of the rehabilitation vegetation. Orchid species richness and clonal orchid population size were correlated with changes in vegetation structure, but apart from the absence of orchids in 1 year old rehabilitation areas, these orchid population characteristics did not show any direct relationship with rehabilitation age or vegetation maturity. Only two orchid taxa appeared to have potential as indicators of vegetation characteristics: T. crinita as an indicator of undisturbed jarrah forest; and D. bracteata as an indicator of disturbed ecosystems. The results of this study suggest that most jarrah forest orchid taxa will readily colonise the post bauxite mining landscape, but that the unassisted colonisation by recalcitrant orchid taxa may be a prolonged process. It is recommended that field-based transplantation and/or seeding trials be undertaken with these recalcitrant taxa to determine if these procedures will enhance recruitment. The results of this work have applications not only in the management of post-mining landscapes but also in vegetation monitoring and conservation work in Western Australia and elsewhere.
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Hellyer, William N. "Assessment of Benthic Macroinvertebrate Community Impairment from High-Aluminum Acid Mine Drainage in Middleton Run, Ohio, USA and the Impact of Ingested Aluminum on Crayfish Growth". Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1399465953.

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Bleby, Timothy Michael. "Water use, ecophysiology and hydraulic architecture of Eucalyptus marginata (jarrah) growing on mine rehabilitation sites in the jarrah forest of south-western Australia". University of Western Australia. School of Plant Biology, 2003. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2004.0004.

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[Truncated abstract. Please see the pdf format for the complete text. Also, formulae and special characters can only be approximated here. Please see the pdf version for an accurate reproduction.] This thesis examines the water use, ecophysiology and hydraulic architecture of Eucalyptus marginata (jarrah) growing on bauxite mine rehabilitation sites in the jarrah forest of south-western Australia. The principal objective was to characterise the key environment and plant-based influences on tree water use, and to better understand the dynamics of water use over a range of spatial and temporal scales in this drought-prone ecosystem. A novel sap flow measurement system (based on the use of the heat pulse method) was developed so that a large number of trees could be monitored concurrently in the field. A validation experiment using potted jarrah saplings showed that rates of sap flow (transpiration) obtained using this system agreed with those obtained gravimetrically. Notably, diurnal patterns of transpiration were measured accurately and with precision using the newly developed heat ratio method. Field studies showed that water stress and water use by jarrah saplings on rehabilitation sites were strongly seasonal: being greatest in summer when it was warm and dry, and least in winter when it was cool and wet. At different times, water use was influenced by soil water availability, vapour pressure deficit (VPD) and plant hydraulic conductance. In some areas, there was evidence of a rapid decline in transpiration in response to dry soil conditions. At the end of summer, most saplings on rehabilitation sites were not water stressed, whereas water status in the forest was poor for small saplings but improved with increasing size. It has been recognised that mature jarrah trees avoid drought by having deep root systems, however, it appears that saplings on rehabilitation sites may have not yet developed functional deep roots, and as such, they may be heavily reliant on moisture stored in surface soil horizons. Simple predictive models of tree water use revealed that stand water use was 74 % of annual rainfall at a high density (leaf area index, LAI = 3.1), high rainfall (1200 mm yr-1) site, and 12 % of rainfall at a low density (LAI = 0.4), low rainfall (600 mm yr-1) site, and that water use increased with stand growth. A controlled field experiment confirmed that: (1) sapling transpiration was restricted as root-zone water availability declined, irrespective of VPD; (2) transpiration was correlated with VPD when water was abundant; and (3) transpiration was limited by soil-to-leaf hydraulic conductance when water was abundant and VPD was high (> 2 kPa). Specifically, transpiration was regulated by stomatal conductance. Large stomatal apertures could sustain high transpiration rates, but stomata were sensitive to hydraulic perturbations caused by soil water deficits and/or high evaporative demand. No other physiological mechanisms conferred immediate resistance to drought. Empirical observations were agreeably linked with a current theory suggesting that stomata regulate transpiration and plant water potential in order to prevent hydraulic dysfunction following a reduction in soil-to-leaf hydraulic conductance. Moreover, it was clear that plant hydraulic capacity determined the pattern and extent of stomatal regulation. Differences in hydraulic capacity across a gradient in water availability were a reflection of differences in root-to-leaf hydraulic conductance, and were possibly related to differences in xylem structure. Saplings on rehabilitation sites had greater hydraulic conductance (by 50 %) and greater leaf-specific rates of transpiration at the high rainfall site (1.5 kg m-2 day1) than at the low rainfall site (0.8 kg m-2 day1) under near optimal conditions. Also, rehabilitation-grown saplings had significantly greater leaf area, leaf area to sapwood area ratios and hydraulic conductance (by 30-50 %) compared to forest-grown saplings, a strong indication that soils in rehabilitation sites contained more water than soils in the forest. Results suggested that: (1) the hydraulic structure and function of saplings growing under the same climatic conditions was determined by soil water availability; (2) drought reduced stomatal conductance and transpiration by reducing whole-tree hydraulic conductance; and (3) saplings growing on open rehabilitation sites utilised more abundant water, light and nutrients than saplings growing in the forest understorey. These findings support a paradigm that trees evolve hydraulic equipment and physiological characteristics suited to the most efficient use of water from a particular spatial and temporal niche in the soil environment.
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Lalor, Briony Maree. "An assessment of the recovery of the microbial community in jarrah forest soils after bauxite mining and prescription burning". University of Western Australia. School of Earth and Geographical Sciences, 2009. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2010.0037.

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[Truncated abstract] Recovery of soil nutrients, microbial populations and carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) cycling processes are critical to the success of rehabilitation following major ecosystem disturbance. Bauxite mining represents a major ecosystem disturbance to the jarrah (Eucalyptus marginata) forest in the south-west of Western Australia. Mining has created a mosaic of mined areas in various stages of succession surrounded by non-mined forest areas. Initial site preparations within rehabilitation areas such as contour ripping alter soil structure (creation of mound and furrows) and over time also influence the distribution of vegetation and litter. Current performance criteria developed by industry, government and other stakeholders have determined that before post-bauxite mined areas of jarrah forest can be integrated back into normal forest management practises they should be functional and demonstrate resilience to normal forest disturbances such as fire. Furthermore, resilience should be of a manner comparable to non-mined analogue forest sites. Currently little is known of the resilience of microbial communities and C and N cycling in rehabilitation sites to normal forest disturbances such as prescription burning. As such, before rehabilitated jarrah forests can be successfully integrated into broad scale forest management regimes, a more thorough knowledge of the potential impacts of burning practises on the soil microbial community and C and N cycling processes in these systems is required. ... While there are similar rates of C and N cycling the underlying microbial community structure was distinctly different; implying a high degree of functional redundancy with respect to C and N cycling. Differences in the C and N cycling and structure of the microbial communities were likely to be due to differences in soil environmental conditions (i.e. soil alkalinity/acidity, soil moisture) and C substrate availability which influence the physiological status of the microbial community and in turn are related to successional age of the forests. Results also suggest that the measurement of CLPP can be a useful approach for assessment of changes in the functional ability of microbial communities. However, the interpretation of how well these rehabilitation forests have recovered heterotrophic abilities was greatly affected by the methodological approach used (e.g. MicroRespTM or Degens and Harris, 1997). Importantly, results from Chapter 4 and 5 suggested that the effects of a moderate prescription fire on C and N processes, CLPP and microbial community structure of 18 year old rehabilitation forests are likely to be short-lived (< 2 years). Furthermore, the effects of the moderate spring prescription fire were not large enough to decouple C and N cycling processes over the short-term (< 1 years) which suggests that by 18 years of age rehabilitation forests demonstrate comparable functional resilience to a moderate prescription burn.
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Prananto, Agnes Kristina. "The use of remotely sensed data to analyse spatial and temporal trends in vegetation patchiness within rehabilitated bauxite mines in the Darling Range, W.A". University of Western Australia. School of Earth and Geographical Sciences, 2006. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2006.0012.

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[Truncated abstract] The assessment of rehabilitation success is time consuming and costly for bauxite miners because large areas of land (~550 ha per year) are involved. In some cases, rehabilitation results in patches of bare or sparsely vegetated soil. This study uses remote sensing imagery to evaluate the growth of vegetation in rehabilitated bauxite mines in the Darling Range, W.A. This work has five aims, which are to (1) compare vegetation biomass within rehabilitated areas and nearby native forest; (2) analyse temporal changes in vegetation growth within the selected rehabilitated areas, in particular rehabilitated areas with patches of bare soil; (3) compare vegetation growth pre- and post- mining; (4) identify the best type of remotely sensed data for this particular study area, and (5) develop an index, which can classify the degree of vegetation patchiness within rehabilitated mine sites. This information will enable rehabilitation workers to identify patches in rehabilitated areas that may require further remediation. The study used RADARSAT, nine years of Normalised Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) maps (extracted from LANDSAT TM multivariate imagery and Quickbird imagery) and aerial photographs to evaluate forty-seven ~1 ha study sites. Image and map analyses were conducted mainly using ESRI’s software ArcGIS 8.3 and ER Mapper 6.4. Ground truthing was carried out to confirm and recognise the causes of bare patches within the rehabilitated mine sites ... The results indicate that differences in rehabilitation management do not affect this index but the extent of bare patches does. Due to the sensitivity of radar imagery to surface roughness, rehabilitated areas cannot be distinguished from the native forest using radar images. A building (crusher) appears to be the same as mature vegetation. Knowledge of the features in an area is therefore crucial when utilising RADARSAT. The beam elevation angle and profile of the RADARSAT image used, made superimposition of radar and optical imageries impossible. Speckle noise in RADARSAT images made it impossible to detect relatively small bare patches. In addition, the many cloud free days in Western Australia make optical imaging possible so that the ability of radar imagery to penetrate cloud is redundant for this type of study.
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Libri sul tema "Aluminum mines and mining"

1

Sehnke, Errol D. Bauxite mines worldwide. Washington, D.C: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Bureau of Mines, 1995.

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Sukharina, A. N. Istorii͡a︡ poiskov, razvedki i osvoenii͡a︡ mestorozhdeniĭ ali͡u︡minievogo syrʹi͡a︡ v Zapadnoĭ Sibiri. Novisibirsk: BO "Nauka", 1993.

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Ahmad, Zaki. Aluminium. Quetta: Geological Survey of Pakistan, 1991.

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4

Yang hua lü sheng chan li lun yu gong yi. Changsha Shi: Zhong nan da xue chu ban she, 2010.

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5

Mines, Indian Bureau of, a cura di. Monograph on bauxite. Nagpur: Govt. of India, Ministry of Mines, Indian Bureau of Mines, Training, Mining Research and Publication Division, Publication Cell, 1992.

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1947-, Hickman Arthur H., a cura di. Bauxite mineralization in the Darling Range, Western Australia. Perth, W.A: Geological Survey of Western Australia, 1992.

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Kölfen, Hans-Peter. Monetäre Bewertung ökologischer Effekte im Bergbau durch die Zahlungsbereitschaftsmethode. Baden-Baden: Nomos, 2000.

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Austria), AUSTROPLAN (Organization :. Integrated exploitation and processing of Mulanje/Manica bauxite and establishment of alumina/aluminium industry in the SADCC region: Final report. Vienna, Austria: AUSTROPLAN, 1990.

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Maurienne: La vallée de l'aluminium. Les Marches: La Fontaine de Siloé, 1992.

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10

Berg-, und Hüttenmännischer Tag (1984 Freiberg Germany). Beiträge zur chemischen Verarbeitung SiO₂-reicher aluminiumhaltiger Rohstoffe: Vorträge zum Berg- und Hüttenmännischen Tag 1984 in Freiberg : mit 37 Bildern und 12 Tabellen sowie mit englischen und russischen Beitragszusammenfassungen. Leipzig: VEB Deutscher Verlag für Grundstoffindustrie, 1985.

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Capitoli di libri sul tema "Aluminum mines and mining"

1

Kuhnt, W., P. Knoll, H. Grosser e H. J. Behrens. "Seismological Models for Mining-Induced Seismic Events". In Seismicity in Mines, 513–21. Basel: Birkhäuser Basel, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-9270-4_14.

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Ali Elbeblawi, Mostafa Mohamed, Hassan Ali Abdelhak Elsaghier, Mostafa Tantawy Mohamed Amin e Wael Rashad Elrawy Abdellah. "Prevention of Slides in Surface Mines". In Surface Mining Technology, 105–32. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-3568-7_4.

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Jech, Jiří. "Seismic Tomography in the Ostrava-Karviná Mining Region". In Seismicity in Mines, 597–608. Basel: Birkhäuser Basel, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-9270-4_19.

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Young, R. P., D. A. Hutchins, J. McGaughey, J. Towers, D. Jansen e M. Bostock. "Geotomographic Imaging in the Study of Mining Induced Seismicity". In Seismicity in Mines, 571–96. Basel: Birkhäuser Basel, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-9270-4_18.

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Šilený, Jan. "The Mechanism of Small Mining Tremors from Amplitude Inversion". In Seismicity in Mines, 309–24. Basel: Birkhäuser Basel, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-9270-4_4.

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Unger, Corinne. "Legacy Issues and Abandoned Mines". In Mining in the Asia-Pacific, 333–69. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-61395-6_20.

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Udd, J. E. "Backfill research in Canadian Mines". In Innovations in Mining Backfill Technology, 3–13. London: CRC Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003211488-2.

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Tuttle, Carolyn. "The Mining Industry". In Hard at Work in Factories and Mines, 141–82. New York: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429036989-5.

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Young, R. P., S. Talebi, D. A. Hutchins e T. I. Urbancic. "Analysis of Mining-Induced Microseismic Events at Strathcona Mine, Sudbury, Canada". In Seismicity in Mines, 455–74. Basel: Birkhäuser Basel, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-9270-4_11.

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Young, R. Paul. "Fred Leighton Memorial Workshop on Mining Induced Seismicity August 30, 1987". In Seismicity in Mines, 285–93. Basel: Birkhäuser Basel, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-9270-4_2.

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Atti di convegni sul tema "Aluminum mines and mining"

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Everett, Jim. "An Information System for a Bauxite Mine". In InSITE 2007: Informing Science + IT Education Conference. Informing Science Institute, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.28945/3062.

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Bauxite is mined and transported by conveyor to a processing plant, screened and washed, then placed into blended stockpiles to feed the alumina refinery. While being stacked to the stockpile, the ore is sampled. Completed stockpiles must be acceptably close to target grade (composition), not only in alumina, but also in residual silica, carbon and sodium carbonate. The mine is an open-cut pit. Each day the choice of ore to mine, from multiple locations in the pit, is based upon estimates of grade. Estimated grade, from exploration drilling of the area before mining, has both systematic and random error. This paper describes an information system to guide the daily choice of ore to mine. Continually updating the comparison between forecasts and sampled product, the system provides adjusted forecasts. Ore is selected to bring the exponentially smoothed grade to target, in each of the control minerals.
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Dinu, Laurentiu Razvan, Ioan Balaiu, Ionut Cristea, Viorel Ion Patroescu, Cristiana Cosma, Lucian Alexandru Constantin, Valeriu Robert Badescu e Mihaela Alexie. "TOWARDS MINING THE MINE WATER - RECOVERY OF ALUMINIUM AND MANGANESE". In International Symposium "The Environment and the Industry". National Research and Development Institute for Industrial Ecology, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.21698/simi.2016.0050.

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Brenchley, Paul, Linda Snyman, Jogi Samosir e Bonnie Coxon. "Redevelopment support at Northparkes Mines". In Seventh International Symposium on Ground Support in Mining and Underground Construction. Australian Centre for Geomechanics, Perth, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.36487/acg_rep/1304_30_brenchley.

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Jordaan, Johan. "Determining waste mining capacities for open pit mines". In Fourth International Seminar on Strategic versus Tactical Approaches in Mining. Australian Centre for Geomechanics, Perth, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.36487/acg_rep/1108_27_jordaan.

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Jakubec, Jaroslav, Daniel Lagace, William Boggis, Lyndon Clark e Philip Lewis. "Underground mining at Ekati and Diavik diamond mines". In Fourth International Symposium on Block and Sublevel Caving. Australian Centre for Geomechanics, Perth, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.36487/acg_rep/1815_03_jakubec.

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Dight, Phillip, e Linda Snyman. "Stress measurement for St Barbara Mines Gwalia Deeps project — one of the world’s deepest underground haulage mines". In Fifth International Seminar on Deep and High Stress Mining. Australian Centre for Geomechanics, Perth, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.36487/acg_repo/1074_07.

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Cluff, Daniel, e Patrick Foster. "Advances in cryogenic chilling technology for deep mines". In First International Conference on Underground Mining Technology. Australian Centre for Geomechanics, Perth, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.36487/acg_rep/1710_10_cluff.

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Stepanov, Y. I., e E. S. Bushueva. "Experience in Applying the Natural Field Method in Salt Mines". In Engineering and Mining Geophysics 2020. European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.202051063.

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Potvin, Yves, Johan Wesseloo, Izak Morkel, Stuart Tierney, Kyle Woodward e David Cuello. "Seismic Risk Management practices in metalliferous mines". In Ninth International Conference on Deep and High Stress Mining. The Southern Africa Institute of Mining and Metallurgy, Johannesburg, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.36487/acg_rep/1952_10_potvin.

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Owen, Michelle. "Workforce exposure to rockfalls in underground mines". In First International Seminar on Safe and Rapid Development Mining. Australian Centre for Geomechanics, Perth, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.36487/acg_repo/902_04.

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Rapporti di organizzazioni sul tema "Aluminum mines and mining"

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Udd, J. E., e J. Pathak. Mining automation in Canadian hardrock mines - a progress report. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/328903.

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van Staal, C. R., e W. M. Luff. The Brunswick No. 12 and No. 6 Mines, Brunswick Mining and Smelting Corporation Limited. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/132270.

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Pundt, Heather. Mining Culture in Roman Dacia: Empire, Community, and Identity at the Gold Mines of Alburnus Maior ca.107-270 C.E. Portland State University Library, gennaio 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/etd.800.

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Савосько, Василь Миколайович, Юлія Бєлик e Юрій Васильович Лихолат. Ecological and Geological Determination of the Initial Pedogenesis on Devastated Lands in the Kryvyi Rih Iron Mining & Metallurgical District (Ukraine). Journ. Geol. Geograph. Geoecology, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.31812/123456789/3643.

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In our time, a very urgent problem is the cessation of negative impacts on the environment and the return to the practical use of the territories of devastated lands. In this regard, it is important to find out the basic laws of primary soil formation in the area of these man-made neoplasms. The initial soil formation conditions were analyzed on 19 experimental sites which represent the main varieties of devastated land in the Kryvyi Rih Iron Mining and Metallurgical District (Central Ukraine): (i) waste rock dumps of old iron mines (old name “Forges”), (ii) tailing storage facility of underground iron mines, (iii) waste rock dumps of the Iron Ore Mining and Dressing Plant, (iv) waste rock dumps of the Granite Quarry Plant. It was established that on the devastated lands in Kryvyi Rih District, the initial soil formation occurs in very difficult conditions. Therefore, over 25- 100 years only very primitive soils were formed. The following features are inherent to them: (1) primitive soil profile (thickness 10-100 mm), (2) low levels of soil organic substance content (9.5-11.5 %), (3) alkaline indicators of the soil solution (pHH2O – 8.08-8.92, pHKCl – 7.42-8.23), (4) low levels of cation exchange capacity (6.34-8.47 mMol /100 g). By results of correlation calculations, among the factors of soil formation time (duration of soil formation) and input of plant ash elements’ fall are characterized by the maximum number of statistically significant correlation coefficients and their numerical values. In terms of chemical composition of the technosol, the values of organic matter content and exchangeable acidity (pHKCl) were the most predictable soil formation factors. Generally physical / chemical characteristics of geological rocks (as parent material) and time were the two most important factors in determining the initial pedogenesis on devastated lands in the Kryvyi Rih Iron Mining & Metallurgical District (Ukraine).
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Werdon, M. B., e M. J. Blessington. Analyses of historic U.S. Bureau of Mines samples for geochemical trace-element and rare-earth-element data from the Circle mining district, western Crazy Mountains, and the Lime Peak area of the White Mountains, Circle Quadrangle, east-central Alaska. Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys, giugno 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.14509/27292.

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Werdon, M. B. X-ray fluorescence trace element data of the following U.S. Bureau of Mines hard rock mineral pulp samples from the Colville mining district: West Kivliktort Mountain of Howard Pass Quadrangle; Kady of Killik River Quadrangle, and Story Creek of Howard Pass Quadrangle. Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.14509/19110.

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Mills, Stephanie E., e Bear Jordan. Uranium and Vanadium Resources of Utah: An Update in the Era of Critical Minerals and Carbon Neutrality. Utah Geological Survey, settembre 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.34191/ofr-735.

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Utah is the second largest vanadium producing state and the third largest uranium producing state in the United States. Carnotite, a primary ore mineral for both vanadium and uranium, was first discovered and used by Native Americans as a source of pigment in the Colorado Plateau hysiographic province of eastern Utah. Radioactive deposits have been ommercially mined in Utah since about 1900, starting with radium, followed by vanadium, and thenuranium. In 1952, the discovery of the Mi Vida mine in Utah’s Lisbon Valley mining district in San Juan County kicked off a uranium exploration rush across the Colorado Plateau. As a result, the United States dominated the global uranium market from the early 1950s to late 1970s. In the modern mining era, Utah is an important contributor to the domestic uranium and vanadium markets with the only operating conventional uranium-vanadium mill in the country, multiple uranium-vanadium mines on standby, and active uranium-vanadium exploration. Overall, Utah has produced an estimated 122 million lbs U3O8 and 136 million lbs V2O5 since 1904. Most of this production has been from the sandstone-hosted deposits of the Paradox Basin, with minor production from volcanogenic deposits and as byproducts from other operations across the state
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Bécu, V., A.-A. Sappin e S. Larmagnat. User-friendly toolkits for geoscientists: how to bring geology experts to the public. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/331220.

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A growing number of countries are committed toreduce their carbon emissions and are transitioning towards renewable and clean energy sources, leading to an in crease in demand formetals and minerals. This is especially the case for a short list of what are called "critical minerals" which are considered essential to economic development, including the transition to a low-carbon economy and national security. There liability of their supply chain raises concerns considering geological scarcity, difficulty to extract and/or political factors influencing their availability. At the same time, public awareness and perception of geoscience are eroding and there is more and more reluctance towards mining projects, even from traditionally favourable communities. To face this challenge, promote public interest and outline the contribution of geological science to society, geoscientists of the Geological Survey of Canada (GSC-Québec) have designed and put together a portable display that includes a suite of mineral and metal samples considered critical for the sustainable success of Canada's transition towards a clean and digital economy. The display is a user-friendly toolkit that can be used by any GSC geoscientists during outreach activities, in classrooms as well as during public open houses. It comes with straightforward pedagogic material and content, along with presentation scenarios. To broaden and adapt the workshops to specific expectations, additional toolkits were developed and all are contained within easy to carry travel cases. These cover a variety of topics and can be presented as stand-alone displays or be used complementary to one another. For example, the "Mines and minerals" collection may serve as a supplement to the "Critical minerals" display to present every day objects in which minerals are used as well as ores amples from active mines to illustrate the intertwining between mining activities and our everyday lives. Another display covers the ever-popular fossils thematic with the "Sedimentary rocks and fossils" collection and gives an opportunity to address key geoscience themes such as life evolution and biological crisis along with groundwater reservoirs and resources. The "Magmatic rocks" display touches on the formation of rocks from magmas, the different types and active processes of volcanoes, and discusses the risks and benefits related to volcanic activity. Hopefully, these four ready-to-use portable displays will encourage more GSC geoscientists to engage in public oriented activities to make geosciences more accessible, change perceptions and offer an overall tangible scientific experience for people.
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National survey of the mining population. Part II: mines. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, giugno 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.26616/nioshpub2012153.

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Effects of mining height on injury rates in U.S. underground nonlongwall bituminous coal mines. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, novembre 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.26616/nioshpub98104.

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