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Articoli di riviste sul tema "Alpha-information"

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Autore: Grafiati

Pubblicato: 1 giugno 2024

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1

Pardo, M. C., e J. A. Pardo. "Statistical applications of order $\alpha$-$\beta$ weighted information energy". Applications of Mathematics 40, n. 4 (1995): 305–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.21136/am.1995.134296.

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&NA;. "Alpha-interferons: safety information updated". Reactions Weekly &NA;, n. 894 (marzo 2002): 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00128415-200208940-00005.

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3

Cho, Ji-Ho, Remo Ziegler, Markus Gross e Kwan H. Lee. "Improving alpha matte with depth information". IEICE Electronics Express 6, n. 22 (2009): 1602–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1587/elex.6.1602.

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4

Qian, Edward, Eric H. Sorensen e Ronald Hua. "Information Horizon, Portfolio Turnover, and Optimal Alpha Models". Journal of Portfolio Management 34, n. 1 (31 ottobre 2007): 27–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.3905/jpm.2007.698030.

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5

Noguchi, Mitsunori. "Alpha cores of games with nonatomic asymmetric information". Journal of Mathematical Economics 75 (marzo 2018): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmateco.2017.12.005.

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6

Yao, Yanqing. "A Generalized Constraint of Privacy: $\alpha$ -Mutual Information Security". IEEE Access 7 (2019): 36122–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2905278.

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7

Manza, P., C. L. V. Hau e H. C. Leung. "Alpha Power Gates Relevant Information during Working Memory Updating". Journal of Neuroscience 34, n. 17 (23 aprile 2014): 5998–6002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1523/jneurosci.4641-13.2014.

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8

Kumar, Satish. "Some more results on R-norm information measure". Tamkang Journal of Mathematics 40, n. 1 (31 marzo 2009): 41–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.5556/j.tkjm.40.2009.35.

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Abstract (sommario):

n the present communication, I have defined the new information measure called '' $ \alpha $-R-norm information measure ''. It has been characterized using infimum oiperation in Section 2 and axiomatically in Section 3. Its properties have been studied in Section 4, joint and conditional $ \alpha $-R-norm information measure are studied in Section 5.

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Payne, Lisa, Sylvia Guillory e Robert Sekuler. "Attention-modulated Alpha-band Oscillations Protect against Intrusion of Irrelevant Information". Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 25, n. 9 (settembre 2013): 1463–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jocn_a_00395.

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Combining high-density scalp EEG recordings with a sensitive analog measure of STM's fidelity, we characterized the temporal dynamics of intentional ignoring and related those dynamics to the intrusion of task-irrelevant information. On each trial of the task, two study Gabors were briefly presented in succession. A green or red disc preceding each Gabor signified whether that Gabor should be remembered or ignored, respectively. With cue–stimulus intervals of 300, 600, or 900 msec presented in separate sessions, we found that the onset of posterior, prestimulus alpha oscillations varied with the length of the interval. Although stimulus onset time was entirely predictable, the longer the cue–stimulus interval, the earlier the increase in prestimulus alpha power. However, the alpha-band modulation was not simply locked to the cue offset. The temporal envelopes of posterior alpha-band modulation were strikingly similar for both cued attending and cued ignoring and differed only in magnitude. This similarity suggests that cued attending includes suppression of task-irrelevant, spatial processing. Supporting the view that alpha-band oscillations represent inhibition, our graded measure of recall revealed that, when the stimulus to be ignored appears second in the sequence, peristimulus alpha power predicted the degree to which that irrelevant stimulus distorted subsequent recall of the stimulus that was to be remembered. These results demonstrate that timely deployment of attention-related alpha-band oscillations can aid STM by filtering out task-irrelevant information.

10

Ichihara-Takeda, Satoe, Shogo Yazawa, Takashi Murahara, Takanobu Toyoshima, Jun Shinozaki, Masanori Ishiguro, Hideaki Shiraishi et al. "Modulation of Alpha Activity in the Parieto-occipital Area by Distractors during a Visuospatial Working Memory Task: A Magnetoencephalographic Study". Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 27, n. 3 (marzo 2015): 453–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jocn_a_00718.

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Oscillatory brain activity is known to play an essential role in information processing in working memory. Recent studies have indicated that alpha activity (8–13 Hz) in the parieto-occipital area is strongly modulated in working memory tasks. However, the function of alpha activity in working memory is open to several interpretations, such that alpha activity may be a direct neural correlate of information processing in working memory or may reflect disengagement from information processing in other brain areas. To examine the functional contribution of alpha activity to visuospatial working memory, we introduced visuospatial distractors during a delay period and examined neural activity from the whole brain using magnetoencephalography. The strength of event-related alpha activity was estimated using the temporal spectral evolution (TSE) method. The results were as follows: (1) an increase of alpha activity during the delay period as indicated by elevated TSE curves was observed in parieto-occipital sensors in both the working memory task and a control task that did not require working memory; and (2) an increase of alpha activity during the delay period was not observed when distractors were presented, although TSE curves were constructed only from correct trials. These results indicate that the increase of alpha activity is not directly related to information processing in working memory but rather reflects the disengagement of attention from the visuospatial input.

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Giacinti, Laura, Pier Paolo Claudio, Massimo Lopez e Antonio Giordano. "Epigenetic Information and Estrogen Receptor Alpha Expression in Breast Cancer". Oncologist 11, n. 1 (gennaio 2006): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1634/theoncologist.11-1-1.

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Torralba Cuello, Mireia, Alice Drew, Alba Sabaté San José, Luis Morís Fernández e Salvador Soto-Faraco. "Alpha fluctuations regulate the accrual of visual information to awareness". Cortex 147 (febbraio 2022): 58–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cortex.2021.11.017.

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13

Klimesch, W., M. Doppelmayr, H. Schimke e T. Pachinger. "Alpha Frequency, Reaction Time, and the Speed of Processing Information". Journal of Clinical Neurophysiology 13, n. 6 (novembre 1996): 511–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00004691-199611000-00006.

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Klimesch, Wolfgang. "Alpha-band oscillations, attention, and controlled access to stored information". Trends in Cognitive Sciences 16, n. 12 (dicembre 2012): 606–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2012.10.007.

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15

Romeiser, Jamie L., Nicole Jusko e Augusta A. Williams. "Emerging Trends in Information-Seeking Behavior for Alpha-Gal Syndrome: Infodemiology Study Using Time Series and Content Analysis". Journal of Medical Internet Research 26 (8 maggio 2024): e49928. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/49928.

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Background Alpha-gal syndrome is an emerging allergy characterized by an immune reaction to the carbohydrate molecule alpha-gal found in red meat. This unique food allergy is likely triggered by a tick bite. Cases of the allergy are on the rise, but prevalence estimates do not currently exist. Furthermore, varying symptoms and limited awareness of the allergy among health care providers contribute to delayed diagnosis, leading individuals to seek out their own information and potentially self-diagnose. Objective The study aimed to (1) describe the volume and patterns of information-seeking related to alpha-gal, (2) explore correlations between alpha-gal and lone star ticks, and (3) identify specific areas of interest that individuals are searching for in relation to alpha-gal. Methods Google Trends Supercharged-Glimpse, a new extension of Google Trends, provides estimates of the absolute volume of searches and related search queries. This extension was used to assess trends in searches for alpha-gal and lone star ticks (lone star tick, alpha gal, and meat allergy, as well as food allergy for comparison) in the United States. Time series analyses were used to examine search volume trends over time, and Spearman correlation matrices and choropleth maps were used to explore geographic and temporal correlations between alpha-gal and lone star tick searches. Content analysis was performed on related search queries to identify themes and subcategories that are of interest to information seekers. Results Time series analysis revealed a rapidly increasing trend in search volumes for alpha-gal beginning in 2015. After adjusting for long-term trends, seasonal trends, and media coverage, from 2015 to 2022, the predicted adjusted average annual percent change in search volume for alpha-gal was 33.78%. The estimated overall change in average search volume was 627%. In comparison, the average annual percent change was 9.23% for lone star tick, 7.34% for meat allergy, and 2.45% for food allergy during this time. Geographic analysis showed strong significant correlations between alpha-gal and lone star tick searches especially in recent years (ρ=0.80; P<.001), with primary overlap and highest search rates found in the southeastern region of the United States. Content analysis identified 10 themes of primary interest: diet, diagnosis or testing, treatment, medications or contraindications of medications, symptoms, tick related, specific sources of information and locations, general education information, alternative words for alpha-gal, and unrelated or other. Conclusions The study provides insights into the changing information-seeking patterns for alpha-gal, indicating growing awareness and interest. Alpha-gal search volume is increasing at a rapid rate. Understanding specific questions and concerns can help health care providers and public health educators to tailor communication strategies. The Google Trends Supercharged-Glimpse tool offers enhanced features for analyzing information-seeking behavior and can be valuable for infodemiology research. Further research is needed to explore the evolving prevalence and impact of alpha-gal syndrome.

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Rusmiatiningsih, Rusmiatiningsih, e Okky Rizkyantha. "Analisis Karakteristik Literasi Generasi Alpha Dan Implikasinya Terhadap Layanan Perpustakaan". Tik Ilmeu : Jurnal Ilmu Perpustakaan dan Informasi 6, n. 2 (29 dicembre 2022): 295. http://dx.doi.org/10.29240/tik.v6i2.5134.

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The alpha generation has creative, passionate, dynamic, leadership, and confident characters in making future career decisions, inseparable from technology in completing their work. Technological developments and pandemic conditions drastically changed the values and concepts of the line of education in carrying out teaching and learning activities and in the transfer of information. In library services, for example, major changes are needed in managing and disseminating information to respond to these conditions. This is to provide a balance in adjusting the style and character of the alpha generation in obtaining information. The purpose of this study is to analyze the character of the alpha generation so as to find patterns of information needs. In addition, it aims to determine the implications for library services. In this study, the study used was a literature study. From the description of the analysis that has been carried out, it can be concluded that the alpha generation is a multitasking generation, digital native, does not like rules, is creative, and flexible, connects, and collaborates as well as practicum. While the context of the information needs of the alpha generation tends towards information in digital formats and direct, applicable and easy information to be directly shared through social media. The implications of library services are expected to adjust the pattern of service performance to meet the information needs of the alpha generation including: changes in expectations of access to library information services that focus on idealistic and fast and sophisticated personal convenience, readiness for data appearance that is ready to share or share data directly, use of social media for promotion and communication lines across generations, the competence of librarians as professional data analysts is not only managing and maintaining but also participating in generating and repackaging information.

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Vogelsang, David A., Matthias Gruber, Zara M. Bergström, Charan Ranganath e Jon S. Simons. "Alpha Oscillations during Incidental Encoding Predict Subsequent Memory for New “Foil” Information". Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 30, n. 5 (maggio 2018): 667–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jocn_a_01234.

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People can employ adaptive strategies to increase the likelihood that previously encoded information will be successfully retrieved. One such strategy is to constrain retrieval toward relevant information by reimplementing the neurocognitive processes that were engaged during encoding. Using EEG, we examined the temporal dynamics with which constraining retrieval toward semantic versus nonsemantic information affects the processing of new “foil” information encountered during a memory test. Time–frequency analysis of EEG data acquired during an initial study phase revealed that semantic compared with nonsemantic processing was associated with alpha decreases in a left frontal electrode cluster from around 600 msec after stimulus onset. Successful encoding of semantic versus nonsemantic foils during a subsequent memory test was related to decreases in alpha oscillatory activity in the same left frontal electrode cluster, which emerged relatively late in the trial at around 1000–1600 msec after stimulus onset. Across participants, left frontal alpha power elicited by semantic processing during the study phase correlated significantly with left frontal alpha power associated with semantic foil encoding during the memory test. Furthermore, larger left frontal alpha power decreases elicited by semantic foil encoding during the memory test predicted better subsequent semantic foil recognition in an additional surprise foil memory test, although this effect did not reach significance. These findings indicate that constraining retrieval toward semantic information involves reimplementing semantic encoding operations that are mediated by alpha oscillations and that such reimplementation occurs at a late stage of memory retrieval, perhaps reflecting additional monitoring processes.

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Cocnata, Christina L. "Use of Prostaglandin F2 Alpha for Cyclophosphamide-Induced Hemorrhagic Cystitis". Journal of Pharmacy Technology 10, n. 5 (settembre 1994): 204–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/875512259401000504.

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Objective: To examine the use of prostaglandin F2 alpha in treating cyclophosphamide-induced hemorrhagic cystitis. Data Sources: An English language literature search using MEDLINE 1982–1993 and bibliographic reviews of related textbooks and review articles. Study Selection: Articles containing pertinent information regarding the therapeutic use and effects of prostaglandin F2 alpha as a treatment for cyclophosphamide-induced hemorrhagic cystitis in humans. Data Extraction: Resources were evaluated and information was extracted independently. Data Synthesis: A review of human cases suggests that intravesical administration of prostaglandin F2 alpha may be an effective bedside therapy for cyclophosphamide-induced hemorrhagic cystitis. Adverse reactions are limited primarily to local effects. The optimal dosage regimen of intravesical prostaglandin F2 alpha is not clearly established. Conclusions: Patients with intractable vesical hemorrhage secondary to cyclophosphamide administration may benefit from bedside intravesical instillation of prostaglandin F2 alpha. Information in the literature regarding prostaglandin bladder irrigation is scarce, and confined to case reports. Clinical studies are needed to endorse and/or refute the efficacy of intravesical instillation of prostaglandin F2 alpha as a treatment modality for hemorrhagic cystitis.

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Hu, Zhenhong, Christopher M. Barkley, Susan E. Marino, Chao Wang, Abhijit Rajan, Ke Bo, Immanuel Babu Henry Samuel e Mingzhou Ding. "Working Memory Capacity Is Negatively Associated with Memory Load Modulation of Alpha Oscillations in Retention of Verbal Working Memory". Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 31, n. 12 (dicembre 2019): 1933–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jocn_a_01461.

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Working memory capacity (WMC) measures the amount of information that can be maintained online in the face of distraction. Past work has shown that the efficiency with which the frontostriatal circuit filters out task-irrelevant distracting information is positively correlated with WMC. Recent work has demonstrated a role of posterior alpha oscillations (8–13 Hz) in providing a sensory gating mechanism. We investigated the relationship between memory load modulation of alpha power and WMC in two verbal working memory experiments. In both experiments, we found that posterior alpha power increased with memory load during memory, in agreement with previous reports. Across individuals, the degree of alpha power modulation by memory load was negatively associated with WMC, namely, the higher the WMC, the less alpha power was modulated by memory load. After the administration of topiramate, a drug known to affect alpha oscillations and have a negative impact on working memory function, the negative correlation between memory load modulation of alpha power and WMC was no longer statistically significant but still somewhat detectable. These results suggest that (1) individuals with low WMC demonstrate stronger alpha power modulation by memory load, reflecting possibly an increased reliance on sensory gating to suppress task-irrelevant information in these individuals, in contrast to their high WMC counterparts who rely more on frontal areas to perform this function and (2) this negative association between memory load modulation of alpha oscillations and WMC is vulnerable to drug-related cognitive disruption.

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Tao, Andi. "Lyman-Alpha Forest: Features, Detection Scenarios and Simulations". Highlights in Science, Engineering and Technology 38 (16 marzo 2023): 829–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/hset.v38i.5966.

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The Epoch of Reionization (Eop) is a very important period which helps understand the evolution and formation of our universe. The Lyman alpha emission from the highly red shift quasars provides us information of the universe during the Epoch of Reionization. The Lyman alpha forest is the spectra of the Lyman alpha emission in the spectra of quasars with high red-shift. Intergalactic medium (IGM) causes the absorption lines in the spectra. The study of Lyman-alpha forest and the Epoch of Reionization has been an been a important topic in cosmology since Gun and Peterson first detected the absorb line in the spectra of quasars. This passage wil first discuss about the formation of Lyman-alpha forest and discusses the features Lyman alpha forest and the information indicated by these features about the universe during the Eop. In the last part, this paper summarizes the detection approach of Lyman alpha forest and the simulation of IGM in EoP. These results shed light on guiding further exploration of Lyman Alpha Forest.

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Zhang, Wei, Wenchao Li, Jianming Zhang e Ning Wang. "Data Integration of Hybrid Microarray and Single Cell Expression Data to Enhance Gene Network Inference". Current Bioinformatics 14, n. 3 (7 marzo 2019): 255–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1574893614666190104142228.

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Background: Gene Regulatory Network (GRN) inference algorithms aim to explore casual interactions between genes and transcriptional factors. High-throughput transcriptomics data including DNA microarray and single cell expression data contain complementary information in network inference. Objective: To enhance GRN inference, data integration across various types of expression data becomes an economic and efficient solution. Method: In this paper, a novel E-alpha integration rule-based ensemble inference algorithm is proposed to merge complementary information from microarray and single cell expression data. This paper implements a Gradient Boosting Tree (GBT) inference algorithm to compute importance scores for candidate gene-gene pairs. The proposed E-alpha rule quantitatively evaluates the credibility levels of each information source and determines the final ranked list. Results: Two groups of in silico gene networks are applied to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed E-alpha integration. Experimental outcomes with size50 and size100 in silico gene networks suggest that the proposed E-alpha rule significantly improves performance metrics compared with single information source. Conclusion: In GRN inference, the integration of hybrid expression data using E-alpha rule provides a feasible and efficient way to enhance performance metrics than solely increasing sample sizes.

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Flaherty, Mary Grace, Megan Threats e Samantha J. Kaplan. "Patients’ Health Information Practices and Perceptions of Provider Knowledge in the Case of the Newly Discovered Alpha-gal Food Allergy". Journal of Patient Experience 7, n. 1 (23 ottobre 2018): 132–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2374373518808310.

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Background: Alpha-gal food allergy is a life-threatening, newly discovered condition with limited presence in authoritative information sources. Sufferers seeking diagnosis are likely to encounter clinicians unfamiliar with the condition. Objective: To understand information practices of individuals diagnosed with alpha-gal allergy, how they obtained diagnosis, and their perceptions of health-care providers’ awareness of the condition. Methods: Semistructured interviews with open- and closed-ended questions were completed with a chronological systematic sample of 28 adults (11% of alpha-gal clinic patients at the time) diagnosed with alpha-gal allergy and treated at University of North Carolina Allergy and Immunology Clinic. Results: The majority of patients determined they had alpha-gal allergy through nontraditional health information channels. Three-quarters of patients rated their primary care provider as having little to no knowledge. In 25 specialists’ encounters, 23 were rated as having little to no knowledge. Conclusion: With new conditions, information is often available through informal networks before appearing in the vetted medical literature. In this study, social connections were the primary pathway to successful diagnosis. Health practitioners need to develop mechanisms to understand that process.

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Jokonowo, Bambang, Miskah Alfiyyah Kulsum e Nita Komala. "Perbandingan Model Proses Algoritma Alpha dan Alpha++ Pada Aplikasi E-commerce". Jurnal RESTI (Rekayasa Sistem dan Teknologi Informasi) 6, n. 1 (27 febbraio 2022): 123–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.29207/resti.v6i1.3732.

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Utilization of information technology is currently growing rapidly in helping activities especially in storing an event log. The activity which is behavior of the user can be analyzed using process mining. The process mining purpose to extract information from event logs on business processes that working. Discovery technique is used in this research. The purpose of this study is to compare two algorithms applied by creating an e-commerce application that is aware of the processes. E-commerce applications require event logs to read the behavior of visitor activities against the application. This research method starts from understanding the business processes that working, then designing a website by creating the application used. Furthermore, data collection through applications that are promoted through social media. The application will be recorded user activity and formed an event log. The event log that formed then discovered using alpha and alpha++ algorithms by utilizing the ProM Lite 1.2 tools. The evaluation results show that the alpha algorithm has shortcomings, namely length one loop, length two loop and non-free choice. And the alpha++ algorithm fixed this deficiency.

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Kizuk, Sayeed A. D., e Kyle E. Mathewson. "Power and Phase of Alpha Oscillations Reveal an Interaction between Spatial and Temporal Visual Attention". Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 29, n. 3 (marzo 2017): 480–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jocn_a_01058.

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Oscillatory brain rhythms can bias attention via phase and amplitude changes, which modulate sensory activity, biasing information to be processed or ignored. Alpha band (7–14 Hz) oscillations lateralize with spatial attention and rhythmically inhibit visual activity and awareness through pulses of inhibition. Here we show that human observers' awareness of spatially unattended targets is dependent on both alpha power and alpha phase at target onset. Following a predictive directional cue, alpha oscillations were entrained bilaterally using repetitive visual stimuli. Subsequently, we presented either spatially cued or uncued targets at SOAs either validly or invalidly predicted in time by the entrainers. Temporal validity maximally modulated perceptual performance outside the spatial focus of attention and was associated with both increased alpha power and increased neural entrainment of phase in the hemisphere processing spatially unattended information. The results demonstrate that alpha oscillations represent a pulsating inhibition, which impedes visual processing for unattended space.

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Lv, Yue Jin, e Wu Song Yang. "An Alpha-Dominance Relation in Disjunctive Set-Valued Ordered Information Systems". Advanced Materials Research 532-533 (giugno 2012): 969–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.532-533.969.

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By defining the degree of dominance between two sets with respect to a certain criterion, a new alpha-dominance relation is proposed in this paper. And then a rough set approach based on this relation in disjunctive set-valued ordered information systems is presented. After that, a ranking method for all objects is introduced to the disjunctive set-valued ordered information systems, and a numerical example is illustrated to demonstrate the validity of this ranking method.

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Riding, Richard J., Alan Glass, Stuart R. Butler e Christopher W. Pleydell‐Pearce. "Cognitive Style and Individual Differences in EEG Alpha During Information Processing". Educational Psychology 17, n. 1-2 (marzo 1997): 219–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0144341970170117.

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Källne, Jan, e Giuseppe Gorini. "Alpha-Particle Information on Burning Deuterium-Tritium Plasmas from Neutron Measurements". Fusion Technology 22, n. 4 (dicembre 1992): 439–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.13182/fst92-a30079.

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Белышев, Дмитрий Владимирович. "Import Substitution Experience in the Interin PROMIS Alpha Healthcare Information System". Program Systems: Theory and Applications 13, n. 4 (1 dicembre 2022): 93–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.25209/2079-3316-2022-13-4-93-109.

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Импортозамещение в части систем управления базами данных является насущной задачей, стоящей перед многими производителями информационных систем. В нашей работе мы рассматриваем опыт миграции медицинской информационной системы Интерин PROMIS из технологий Windows/Oracle в технологии на основе Linux/PostgreSQL, рекомендуемые Реестром отечественного ПО. Дается оценка двух подходов к миграции модулей информационной системы: на основе перепроектирования с использованием инструментов платформы Интерин Alpha PG и на основе автоматической конвертации собственными инструментальными средствами.

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Ikkai, Akiko, Kara J. Blacker, Balaji M. Lakshmanan, Joshua B. Ewen e Susan M. Courtney. "Maintenance of relational information in working memory leads to suppression of the sensory cortex". Journal of Neurophysiology 112, n. 8 (15 ottobre 2014): 1903–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00134.2014.

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Working memory (WM) for sensory-based information about individual objects and their locations appears to involve interactions between lateral prefrontal and sensory cortexes. The mechanisms and representations for maintenance of more abstract, nonsensory information in WM are unknown, particularly whether such actively maintained information can become independent of the sensory information from which it was derived. Previous studies of WM for individual visual items found increased electroencephalogram (EEG) alpha (8–13 Hz) power over posterior electrode sites, which appears to correspond to the suppression of cortical areas that represent irrelevant sensory information. Here, we recorded EEG while participants performed a visual WM task that involved maintaining either concrete spatial coordinates or abstract relational information. Maintenance of relational information resulted in higher alpha power in posterior electrodes. Furthermore, lateralization of alpha power due to a covert shift of attention to one visual hemifield was marginally weaker during storage of relational information than during storage of concrete information. These results suggest that abstract relational information is maintained in WM differently from concrete, sensory representations and that during maintenance of abstract information, posterior sensory regions become task irrelevant and are thus suppressed.

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Pardo, Rosa, e Arturo Sanjuan. "Asymptotic behavior of positive radial solutions to elliptic equations approaching critical growth". Electronic Journal of Differential Equations 2020, n. 01-132 (18 novembre 2020): 114. http://dx.doi.org/10.58997/ejde.2020.114.

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We study the asymptotic behavior of radially symmetric solutions to the subcritical semilinear elliptic problem $$\displaylines{ -\Delta u = u^{\frac{N+2}{N-2}}/[\log(e+u)]^{\alpha}\quad \text{in } \Omega=B_R(0)\subset\mathbb{R}^N,\cr u>0,\quad \text{in } \Omega,\cr u=0,\quad \text{on } \partial \Omega, }$$ as \(\alpha\to 0^+\). Using asymptotic estimates, we prove that there exists an explicitly defined constant L(N,R)>0, only depending on N and R, such that $$ \limsup_{\alpha\to0^+} \frac{\alpha u_\alpha (0)^2} {[\log(e+u_\alpha (0))]^{1+\frac{\alpha(N+2)}{2}}} \leq L(N,R) \le 2^*\liminf_{\alpha\to0^+}\frac{\alpha u_\alpha (0)^2} {[\log(e+u_\alpha (0))]^{\frac{\alpha(N-4)}2}}. $$ For more information see https://ejde.math.txstate.edu/Volumes/2020/114/abstr.html

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Cohen, Michael X., Nikolai Axmacher, Doris Lenartz, Christian E. Elger, Volker Sturm e Thomas E. Schlaepfer. "Good Vibrations: Cross-frequency Coupling in the Human Nucleus Accumbens during Reward Processing". Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 21, n. 5 (maggio 2009): 875–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jocn.2009.21062.

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The nucleus accumbens is critical for reward-guided learning and decision-making. It is thought to “gate” the flow of a diverse range of information (e.g., rewarding, aversive, and novel events) from limbic afferents to basal ganglia outputs. Gating and information encoding may be achieved via cross-frequency coupling, in which bursts of high-frequency activity occur preferentially during specific phases of slower oscillations. We examined whether the human nucleus accumbens engages such a mechanism by recording electrophysiological activity directly from the accumbens of human patients undergoing deep brain stimulation surgery. Oscillatory activity in the gamma (40–80 Hz) frequency range was synchronized with the phase of simultaneous alpha (8–12 Hz) waves. Further, losing and winning small amounts of money elicited relatively increased gamma oscillation power prior to and following alpha troughs, respectively. Gamma–alpha synchronization may reflect an electrophysiological gating mechanism in the human nucleus accumbens, and the phase differences in gamma–alpha coupling may reflect a reward information coding scheme similar to phase coding.

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Antonov, A. N., P. E. Hodgson, G. A. Lalazissis, E. N. Nikolov e I. Zh Petkov. "ALPHA PARTICLE MOMENTUM DISTRIBUTION IN NUCLEI WITHIN THE COHERENT DENSITY FLUCTUATION MODEL". HNPS Proceedings 2 (18 febbraio 2020): 397. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/hnps.2866.

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The alpha particle centre of mass momentum distribution in nuclei is determined on the basis of the four-body density matrix obtained within the coherent density fluctuation model. The calculations are carried out for a number of nuclei. The results are compared with those deduced from analyses of experimental data on alpha-particle knockout reactions induced by electrons,protons and alpha-particles which provide information on the alpha-particle momentum distribution.

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Arutiunian, Vardan, Giorgio Arcara, Irina Buyanova, Olga Buivolova, Elizaveta Davydova, Darya Pereverzeva, Alexander Sorokin et al. "Event-Related Desynchronization of MEG Alpha-Band Oscillations during Simultaneous Presentation of Audio and Visual Stimuli in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder". Brain Sciences 13, n. 9 (13 settembre 2023): 1313. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci13091313.

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Alpha-band (8–12 Hz) event-related desynchronization (ERD) or a decrease in alpha power in electro- and magnetoencephalography (EEG and MEG) reflects the involvement of a neural tissue in information processing. It is known that most children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have difficulties in information processing, and, thus, investigation of alpha oscillations is of particular interest in this population. Previous studies have demonstrated alterations in this neural activity in individuals with ASD; however, little is known about alpha ERD during simultaneous presentation of auditory and visual stimuli in children with and without ASD. As alpha oscillations are intimately related to attention, and attention deficit is one of the common co-occurring conditions of ASD, we predict that children with ASD can have altered alpha ERD in one of the sensory domains. In the present study, we used MEG to investigate alpha ERD in groups of 20 children with ASD and 20 age-matched typically developing controls. Simple amplitude-modulated tones were presented together with a fixation cross appearing on the screen. The results showed that children with ASD had a bilateral reduction in alpha-band ERD in the auditory but not visual cortex. Moreover, alterations in the auditory cortex were associated with a higher presence of autistic traits measured in behavioral assessment.

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Hayat, Bahrul. "Meta-Analysis of Coefficient Alpha: Empirical Demonstration Using English Language Teaching Reflection Inventory". Journal of Curriculum and Teaching 13, n. 2 (16 maggio 2024): 231. http://dx.doi.org/10.5430/jct.v13n2p231.

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Cronbach’s alpha is a reliability coefficient commonly reported in second language (L2) and English language teaching (ELT) studies. The alpha coefficient provides information on the internal consistency of a measuring instrument. The reported alpha coefficients are obtained from, and apply only to, the research sample. However, the estimation of the alpha coefficient for the population has not received the attention of L2 and ELT researchers. This study aims to provide an overview of the alpha coefficient estimation procedure of a measuring instrument for a population with the reliability generalization method, commonly known as alpha coefficient meta-analysis. An example alpha coefficient meta-analysis study—using empirical data of the 29-item English Language Teaching Reflection Inventory (ELTRI) from 27 independent study samples—was conducted to provide an overview of the procedure for applying the method and the information that needs to be reported from the results of the analysis. The results of the study using a random-effect model show that the population alpha of ELTRI was 0.872, indicating excellent reliability; this is followed by application of a mixed-effect model that shows that article type and means of teaching experience significantly impacted ELTRI reliability. Implications for future research are discussed.

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Oikonomou, F. D., e A. De Sanctis. "Using the Alpha Geodesic Distance in Shapes K-Means Clustering". Nonlinear Phenomena in Complex Systems 23, n. 2 (9 luglio 2020): 251–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.33581/1561-4085-2020-23-2-251-253.

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This paper is based mainly on the relevant work [1]. In that paper the authors studied the problem of clustering of different shapes using Information Geometry tools including, among others, the Fisher Information and the resulting distance. Here we are using the same methods but for the geodesics of the alpha connection for three different values of the alpha parameter.

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Chen, Riqing, Jun Wang, Ruiquan Lin e Xiangning Zhao. "Spectrum Sensing Based on Nonparametric Autocorrelation in Wireless Communication Systems under Alpha Stable Noise". Mobile Information Systems 2016 (2016): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/6753830.

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Cognitive radio is regarded as a core technology to support wireless information systems. Spectrum sensing is one of the key steps to achieve cognitive radio technology. To address this problem in the presence of Alpha stable noise in wireless communication systems, we propose a nonparametric autocorrelation method, which takes advantages of the characteristics of signal autocorrelation and noise nonstationarity. The autocorrelated signal is distinguished from Alpha stable noise. As a result, the proposed method is immune from noise uncertainty. Simulation results show the validity of the proposed method under Alpha stable noise, for example, impulsive noise in wireless information systems.

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Schroeder, Svea C. Y., David Aagten-Murphy e Niko A. Busch. "Contralateral delay activity, but not alpha lateralization, indexes prioritization of information for working memory storage". Attention, Perception, & Psychophysics 85, n. 3 (14 marzo 2023): 718–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.3758/s13414-023-02681-w.

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AbstractWorking memory is inherently limited, which makes it important to select and maintain only task-relevant information and to protect it from distraction. Previous research has suggested the contralateral delay activity (CDA) and lateralized alpha oscillations as neural candidates for such a prioritization process. While most of this work focused on distraction during encoding, we examined the effect of external distraction presented during memory maintenance. Participants memorized the orientations of three lateralized objects. After an initial distraction-free maintenance interval, distractors appeared in the same location as the targets or in the opposite hemifield. This distraction was followed by another distraction-free interval. Our results show that CDA amplitudes were stronger in the interval before compared with the interval after the distraction (i.e., CDA amplitudes were stronger in response to targets compared with distractors). This amplitude reduction in response to distractors was more pronounced in participants with higher memory accuracy, indicating prioritization and maintenance of relevant over irrelevant information. In contrast, alpha lateralization did not change from the interval before distraction compared with the interval after distraction, and we found no correlation between alpha lateralization and memory accuracy. These results suggest that alpha lateralization plays no direct role in either selective maintenance of task-relevant information or inhibition of distractors. Instead, alpha lateralization reflects the current allocation of spatial attention to the most salient information regardless of task-relevance. In contrast, CDA indicates flexible allocation of working memory resources depending on task-relevance.

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WOLDEMUSSIE, ELIZABETH, MERCY WIJONO e DAVID POW. "Localization of alpha 2 receptors in ocular tissues". Visual Neuroscience 24, n. 5 (settembre 2007): 745–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0952523807070605.

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Alpha 2 adrenergic agonists are used for controlling intraocular pressure (IOP) in the treatment of glaucoma. They have also been shown to be neuroprotective to retinal cells in a variety of injury models. Despite this significance, the localization of the three known alpha 2 adrenergic receptors has not been unequivocally established. The aim of this study was to determine the location of the three alpha 2 adrenergic receptors in ocular tissues using immunohistochemical techniques. New antibodies were generated and their specificity was determined using Western blotting and preadsorption. In the anterior segment of the eye alpha 2A immunoreactivity was located in the nonpigmented ciliary epithelium, corneal, and conjunctival epithelia. Alpha 2B staining was not apparent in these tissues. Alpha 2C immunostaining was present in the membrane of pigmented ciliary epithelium and corneal and conjunctival epithelial cells. In the rat retina, all three receptor subtypes were present but were differentially localized. Alpha 2A was present in the somata of ganglion cell layer and inner nuclear layer somas, alpha 2B was located in the dendrites and axons of most of the neurons as well as glia, while alpha 2C was present in the somata and inner segment of the photoreceptors. In human and monkey retinas, similar pattern of labeling for alpha 2A and 2B receptors were observed, while alpha 2B was additionally present in the membranes of many cell somata in addition to dendrites and axons. Alpha 2C labeling was much weaker but exhibited similar pattern to that observed in the rat. These data provide additional information on the location of the alpha 2 receptors in the anterior portion of the eye and present new information on their specific location in the retina. This offers insights into possible targets for adrenergic agonists in a therapeutic context.

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Hales, K. "Insurance – Piper Alpha “et al”". Energy Exploration & Exploitation 13, n. 2-3 (maggio 1995): 253–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0144598795013002-314.

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Abstract (sommario):

This paper opens with some brief information about the Piper Alpha loss, how the loss was handled and its final cost. More importantly, it discusses the effect of the Piper Alpha loss on the world insurance market including the oil insurance captives such as O.I.L Limited. Finally the insurance market current status and prognosis for the future are considered.

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Pinzuti, Edoardo, Patricia Wollstadt, Oliver Tüscher e Michael Wibral. "Information theoretic evidence for layer- and frequency-specific changes in cortical information processing under anesthesia". PLOS Computational Biology 19, n. 1 (26 gennaio 2023): e1010380. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1010380.

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Abstract (sommario):

Nature relies on highly distributed computation for the processing of information in nervous systems across the entire animal kingdom. Such distributed computation can be more easily understood if decomposed into the three elementary components of information processing, i.e. storage, transfer and modification, and rigorous information theoretic measures for these components exist. However, the distributed computation is often also linked to neural dynamics exhibiting distinct rhythms. Thus, it would be beneficial to associate the above components of information processing with distinct rhythmic processes where possible. Here we focus on the storage of information in neural dynamics and introduce a novel spectrally-resolved measure of active information storage (AIS). Drawing on intracortical recordings of neural activity in ferrets under anesthesia before and after loss of consciousness (LOC) we show that anesthesia- related modulation of AIS is highly specific to different frequency bands and that these frequency-specific effects differ across cortical layers and brain regions. We found that in the high/low gamma band the effects of anesthesia result in AIS modulation only in the supergranular layers, while in the alpha/beta band the strongest decrease in AIS can be seen at infragranular layers. Finally, we show that the increase of spectral power at multiple frequencies, in particular at alpha and delta bands in frontal areas, that is often observed during LOC (’anteriorization’) also impacts local information processing—but in a frequency specific way: Increases in isoflurane concentration induced a decrease in AIS in the alpha frequencies, while they increased AIS in the delta frequency range < 2Hz. Thus, the analysis of spectrally-resolved AIS provides valuable additional insights into changes in cortical information processing under anaesthesia.

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Griffiths, Benjamin J., George Parish, Frederic Roux, Sebastian Michelmann, Mircea van der Plas, Luca D. Kolibius, Ramesh Chelvarajah et al. "Directional coupling of slow and fast hippocampal gamma with neocortical alpha/beta oscillations in human episodic memory". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 116, n. 43 (9 ottobre 2019): 21834–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1914180116.

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Abstract (sommario):

Episodic memories hinge upon our ability to process a wide range of multisensory information and bind this information into a coherent, memorable representation. On a neural level, these 2 processes are thought to be supported by neocortical alpha/beta desynchronization and hippocampal theta/gamma synchronization, respectively. Intuitively, these 2 processes should couple to successfully create and retrieve episodic memories, yet this hypothesis has not been tested empirically. We address this by analyzing human intracranial electroencephalogram data recorded during 2 associative memory tasks. We find that neocortical alpha/beta (8 to 20 Hz) power decreases reliably precede and predict hippocampal “fast” gamma (60 to 80 Hz) power increases during episodic memory formation; during episodic memory retrieval, however, hippocampal “slow” gamma (40 to 50 Hz) power increases reliably precede and predict later neocortical alpha/beta power decreases. We speculate that this coupling reflects the flow of information from the neocortex to the hippocampus during memory formation, and hippocampal pattern completion inducing information reinstatement in the neocortex during memory retrieval.

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Eliseeva, E. V., E. S. Maneeva, V. V. Gribova, D. B. Okun e D. V. Savitskaya. "The role of information service in rational pharmacotherapy with thioctic acid in patients in Preferential Medicinal Providing". Kachestvennaya Klinicheskaya Praktika = Good Clinical Practice 20, n. 1 (24 aprile 2021): 85–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.37489/2588-0519-2021-1-85-93.

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Rational pharmacotherapy in the Program of Preferential Medicinal Providing can be implemented subject to high-quality information support from healthcare professionals. Thioctic (Alpha-lipoic) Acid preparations are widely used in the preferential segment, their appointment is not always advisable due to the frequent use «off-label», which leads to ineffective treatment and unreasonable economic costs. Aim. Conduct an information search and filling the electronic service «Database of Clinical Trials of Medicines» for medicinal products containing Thioctic (Alpha-lipoic) Acid and provide author’s recommendations for rational pharmacotherapy. Materials and methods. The search and analysis of the results of clinical trials, systematic reviews and meta-analysis in international and Russian Databases — PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Collaboration, e-Library, «Cyberlininka» for medicines of metabolic action — Thioctic (Alpha-lipoic) Acid with their subsequent introduction into the Information Service «Database of Clinical Trials of Medicines». Results. Thioctic (Alpha-lipoic) Acid has a positive effect in the form of improvement of the clinical condition of patients and indicators of neurological scales in diabetic and alcoholic polyneuropathy without affecting the «hard» endpoints (decrease in the number of fatal complications and mortality). Conclusion. Service «Database of Clinical Trials of Medicines» for use by health care professionals and the author’s recommendations for the use of Thioctic (Alpha-lipoic) Acid can be used for the rational prescription of this medicines in Preferential Medicinal Providing.

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Noguchi, Mitsunori. "Essential stability of the alpha cores of finite games with incomplete information". Mathematical Social Sciences 110 (marzo 2021): 34–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mathsocsci.2021.01.003.

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Gorman, Larry R., Steven G. Sapra e Robert A. Weigand. "The Cross-Sectional Dispersion of Stock Returns, Alpha, and the Information Ratio". Journal of Investing 19, n. 3 (31 agosto 2010): 113–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.3905/joi.2010.19.3.113.

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Kumar, Vikas, Rekha Rani e Nirdesh Singh. "Quantile Approach of Generalized Cumulative Residual Information Measure of Order $(alpha,beta)$". Journal of the Iranian Statistical Society 19, n. 2 (1 dicembre 2020): 67–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.52547/jirss.19.2.67.

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Wang, Wei, Deliang Xiang, Jun Zhang e Jianwei Wan. "Integrating Contextual Information With ${H}/{\bar {\alpha }}$ Decomposition for PolSAR Data Classification". IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters 13, n. 12 (dicembre 2016): 2034–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/lgrs.2016.2622250.

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Zhang, Fode, Yimin Shi, Hon Keung Tony Ng e Ruibing Wang. "Information Geometry of Generalized Bayesian Prediction Using $\alpha$ -Divergences as Loss Functions". IEEE Transactions on Information Theory 64, n. 3 (marzo 2018): 1812–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tit.2017.2774820.

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Fokoué, E., e N. Gündüz. "An Information-Theoretic Alternative to the Cronbach's Alpha Coefficient of Item Reliability". British Journal of Mathematics & Computer Science 15, n. 1 (10 gennaio 2016): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/bjmcs/2016/23944.

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Yordanova, Juliana, e Vasil Kolev. "Event-related alpha oscillations are functionally associated with P300 during information processing". NeuroReport 9, n. 14 (ottobre 1998): 3159–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00001756-199810050-00007.

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Yanagisawa, Takufumi, Okito Yamashita, Masayuki Hirata, Haruhiko Kishima, Youichi Saitoh, Tetsu Goto, Toshiki Yoshimine e Yukiyasu Kamitani. "Gamma amplitude coupled with alpha phase represents motor information before actual movements". Neuroscience Research 71 (settembre 2011): e98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neures.2011.07.419.

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