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Letteratura scientifica selezionata sul tema "Allergy"

Autore: Grafiati

Pubblicato: 4 giugno 2021

Ultima modifica: 21 settembre 2024

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Articoli di riviste sul tema "Allergy"

Norbäck, Dan, e Gunilla Wieslander. "A Review on Epidemiological and Clinical Studies on Buckwheat Allergy". Plants 10, n. 3 (23 marzo 2021): 607. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants10030607.

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Background: Cultivated buckwheat include two species originating from China: common buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum) and tartary buckwheat (Fagopyrum tartaricum). Buckwheat can cause IgE-mediated allergy, including severe allergic reactions and anaphylaxis. Exposure can occure when eating buckwheat food (food allergen), when producing or handling buckwheat food (occupational exposure) or when sleeping on buckwheat husk pillows (houeshold environmental exposure). Methods: A search on buckwheat allergy in the medical datbase PubMed from 1970–2020. Result: A number of allergenic proteins have been identified in common buckwheat (e.g., Fag e 1, Fag e 2 and Fag e 3) and in tartary buckwheat (e.g., Fag t 1, Fag t 2, Fag t 3). Clinically relevant cross-reactivity has been described between buckwheat and peanut, latex, coconut, quinoa, and poppy seed. The prevalence of buckwheat allergy in the population can be estimated as 0.1–0.4% in Japan, Korea and buckwheat consuming areas of China. Among patients in allergy clinics in different countries, 2–7% has confirmed buckwheat allergy. School studies from Japan and Korea found 4–60 cases of buckwheat-related anaphylaxis per 100,000 school children. The incidence of severe allergic reactions to buckwheat, including anaphylaxis, can be estimated as 0.1–0.01 cases per 100,000 person-years. Conclusions: Buckwheat allergy is a neglected allegy deserving further attention but severe allergic reactions are rare.

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Brand, Paul L. P., Richard M. Brohet, Olof Schwantje e Lambert D. Dikkeschei. "Association between allergen component sensitisation and clinical allergic disease in children". Allergologia et Immunopathologia 50, n. 2 (1 marzo 2022): 131–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.15586/aei.v50i2.598.

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Background: Allergen component sensitisation testing is becoming increasingly important in the diagnosis of peanut allergy. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the relationship between sensitisation and symptoms of allergic disease in children by testing a large panel of inhalants, food allergens, and allergen components. Methods: For 287 children visiting our laboratory for allergy testing, symptoms of allergic disease were recorded by standardised validated questionnaires. Specific IgE to 11 whole allergens was assessed by ImmunoCAP, and to 112 allergen components by ISAC ImmunoCAP assay. We used latent class analysis (LCA) to distinguish clinical phenotypes. Results: Inhalant and food allergen sensitisation was common, irrespective of the children’s allergic symptom type. Less than 10% of the variance in symptom scores was explained by variations in the number of allergens (components) that the child was sensitised to. In LCA, 135 children (50.2%) had mild allergy, with few symptoms and sensitisation to no or few allergens, 74 children (27.5%) had more symptoms and sensitisation to inhalant allergens (respiratory allergy) and 60 children (22.3%) showed polysensitisation to a median of six allergens and had more severe symptoms of different organ systems. Adding allergen component test results to LCA failed to result in identifiable classes of allergic disease in children. Conclusions: In this group of children with allergic symptoms, referred for allergy testing by their physician, broad screening for allergen component sensitisation did not contribute to distinguishing phenotypes of allergic disease.

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Lunhui, Huang, Shao Yanhong, Li Shaoshen, Bao Huijing, Liu Yunde e Li Huiqiang. "Component resolved diagnosis of egg yolk is an indispensable part of egg allergy". Allergologia et Immunopathologia 49, n. 2 (1 marzo 2021): 6–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.15586/aei.v49i2.31.

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Introduction and objectives: It was urgent to explain the role of egg yolk allergen sensitization to the egg allergic population and we would evaluate the diagnostic value of allergen components in whole eggs, including egg white and egg yolk.Materials and methods: Firstly, we collected 99 positive and 21 negative sera against egg allergy. Then we used modified enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to survey specific IgE (sIgE) to all-proven and single component in eggs, Ovomucoid (Gal d 1), Ovalbumin (Gal d 2), Ovotransferrin (Gal d 3), Lysozyme C (Gal d 4), Serum Albumin (Gal d 5), and YGP42(Gal d 6) in allergic and non-allergic populations. Last but not least, we studied the sIgE reactivities to egg allergen components by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis.Results: Among egg-allergic individuals, nearly 10% were sensitized to five of six egg allergen components, and the cross-reaction frequency between two egg yolk allergens with Gal d 1 was about 30% in the groups diagnosed with egg allergy or non-allergy. The best component-combination diagnosis in egg allergy of Gal d 1+ Gal d 6 demonstrated the largest area under curve (AUC) of 0.994.Conclusions: Our results suggested that there were individual differences in allergenicity of different egg allergen components, especially in the samples negative to egg allergy diagnosed but sensitive to egg yolk components. It was indicated that component resolved diagnosis of egg yolk improved the value for egg allergy management indispensably.

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Yu, Esther Dawen, Eric Wang, Aaron Sutherland, Luise Westernberg, April Frazier, Bjoern Peters, Alessandro Sette e Ricardo da Silva Antunes. "Functional characterization of gamma-delta (γδ) T cells in allergy". Journal of Immunology 206, n. 1_Supplement (1 maggio 2021): 23.02. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.206.supp.23.02.

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Abstract Despite a growing consensus on the involvement of γδ T cells in allergy and other human immunological disorders, the detailed mechanisms remain hypothetical due to lack of investigative tools. Herein, we sought to develop functional assays to study the role of γδ T cells in allergy. Using an Activation-Induced Marker (AIM) assay, based on the upregulation of 4-1BB (CD137) and CD69, we were able to detect ex vivo allergen-specific responses from γδ T cells to multiple allergen extracts in human PBMCs, including mouse, cockroach (CR), house dust mite (HDM) and timothy grass (TG) allergens, which were reproducible and observed in multiple allergic cohorts. The magnitude of allergen-reactive γδ T cells differed between allergic and non-allergic cohorts with HDM and TG allergy, but not mouse or CR allergy. Further characterization showed that the γδ T cells reactive to mouse allergen were mostly the Vδ2 subset and from effector memory (Tem and Temra) compartments. Interestingly, in mouse-specific allergic donors we found differential polarized responses for γδ and ab T cells, with a Th1 and Th2 pattern, respectively. Using a complementary AIM assay for CD40L (CD154) combined with intracellular staining (ICS), we observed that Th1 polarization (INFg and TNFa) in responses to mouse extract was also common in non-allergic donors. Conversely, In the case of CR responses, Th1 polarization of Vδ2 T cells was only observed in the allergic cohort. Overall, these results suggest that allergen-specific Vδ2 T cells are potential to skew dysregulated cytokine responses in immunotherapy. In conclusion, we developed new functional assays that serve as tools for in-depth characterization and deciphering the roles of γδ T cells in allergy.

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Callery, Emma L., Catherine Keymer, Nicholas A. Barnes e Anthony W. Rowbottom. "Component-resolved diagnostics in the clinical and laboratory investigation of allergy". Annals of Clinical Biochemistry: International Journal of Laboratory Medicine 57, n. 1 (1 ottobre 2019): 26–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0004563219877434.

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The diagnosis and management of allergy is complex; the clinical symptoms associated with allergic reactions span a broad spectrum of severity, from mild hay fever-type symptoms through to life-threatening anaphylaxis. Obtaining an allergy-focused clinical history is therefore vital for identifying possible allergic triggers and directing testing. However, this focus could be changing as scientific and technological advances have paved the way for developments within in vitro testing for allergy. With knowledge of allergens at the molecular level expanding, there are now the facilities to characterize the sensitization profiles of allergy sufferers and determine the specific molecules (or components) against which the allergen-inducing immunoglobulin type E proteins have been produced. This technology is termed component-resolved diagnostics. We know that accurate identification of immunoglobulin type E specificity, the source of the causative allergen, and knowledge of potential allergic cross-reactivities are required for optimal clinical management of allergy patients. These factors can make allergy a diagnostic challenge outside of a specialist centre, and contribute to the difficulties associated with requesting and interpreting allergy tests. The incorporation of component-resolved diagnostics into current practice has provided a platform for patient-tailored risk stratification and improved the application of allergen-specific immunotherapy, revolutionizing specialist management of these patients. This review discusses the roles of each type of testing in allergy management and predictions for future pathways.

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Lohonková, A., O. Novotná, P. Petrásková, K. Boráková, L. Prokešová e Jiří Hrdý. "Maternal Allergy Status Has No Impact on Neonatal Immune Responses to Allergen Stimuli". Folia Biologica 65, n. 5-6 (2019): 221–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.14712/fb2019065050221.

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Due to the increasing incidence of allergic diseases, there is a strong need to identify a prognostic marker pointing to increased risk of allergy development allowing introduction of early preventive measures. Cord blood seems to be a good source for searching for such marker. The capacity of cord blood cells to respond to common allergens could point to increased predisposition to later allergy development. In our study, cytokines typical of Th1 (IFN-γ), Th2 (IL-5, IL-13) and Treg (IL-10) immune responses were followed at both the level of gene expression and cytokine secretion in cord blood cells of newborns of healthy mothers (children with relatively low risk of allergy development) and allergic mothers (children with relatively high risk of allergy development) stimulated by allergens (pollen from birch and timothy grass, house dust mite, ovalbumin). We have not observed any difference in the response of cord blood cells of neonates of healthy and allergic mothers to allergen in vitro. Both gene expression and secretion of cytokines in response to allergen stimulation were comparable with the unstimulated controls. It seems that early postnatal events will be more decisive for future allergy development than prenatal sensitization of the foetal immune system with allergen in utero in allergic mothers.

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Choina, Magdalena, Weronika Gromek, Klaudia Wilk, Magdalena Marzęda e Roman Pukaliak. "The molecular diagnosis of house dust mite allergy: a short review". Journal of Education, Health and Sport 12, n. 8 (22 agosto 2022): 707–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.12775/jehs.2022.12.08.071.

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Introduction: House dust mite (HDM) allergens are considered among the most essential elicitors of allergic rhinitis and asthma worldwide [1]. How can we determine the individual sensitization profile of a patient? Is there a way to monitor the development of allergic symptoms? Is it possible to tailor different forms of therapy based on the individual sensitization profile of a patient? Purpose: The study aims to show the benefits of molecular diagnostics of allergies based on the example of HDM allergy. Description of the state of knowledge: Clinical manifestation is the most important aspect of diagnosing HDM allergy. The determination of allergen specific immunoglobulins E (asIgE) against HDM extracts may be helpful in the identification of the cause of allergy symptoms. However, the diagnosis using allergen extracts cannot be established in all cases. What revolutionised the diagnosing process of HDM allergy is the molecular diagnostics of allergy. Based on the presence of asIgE against allergen molecules it is possible to identify the allergen responsible for the sensitisation as well as personalise the therapeutic recommendations. Summary: The molecular diagnostics of allergy significantly improved the specificity and sensitivity of HDM allergy diagnostics. Molecular diagnostics in individuals with HDM allergy make it possible to establish the individual patient’s allergy profile, and consequently personalise therapeutic recommendations. It is especially important regarding the selection of patients who may benefit from immunotherapy. The component-resolved diagnostics in allergology is a step toward personalised medicine.

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Simbirtsev, A. S. "Cytokines and their role in immune pathogenesis of allergy". Russian Medical Inquiry 5, n. 1 (2021): 32–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.32364/2587-6821-2021-5-1-32-37.

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Allergy is characterized by inadequate hyperimmune response to one or several antigens with the properties of allergens. A specific pattern of abnormal synthesis of some cytokines (principal molecular mediators of the initiation, development, and regulation of allergic inflammation) has an important pathogenic role in allergy. In recent years, it is generally accepted that allergic disorders are accounted for by impaired immune regulation resulting from increased imbalanced activation of allergen-specific T helper 2 cell clones. Allergic type of immune response is currently referred to as type 2 immune response which normally provides humoral immunity, anthelmintic protection etc. However, pathological response results in allergy. Studies on immune pathogenesis of allergic disorders have improved our understanding of the role of altered synthesis of some cytokines (key mediators of allergic inflammation). Cytokines involved in the initiation and regulation of allergy are produced by epithelial cells, various subsets of leukocytes, innate lymphoid cells, and allergen-activated T helper cell clones. Analysis of the associations of the changes in immune reactivity and clinical manifestations has established pathogenic heterogeneity and identified asthma phenotypes and endotypes. These findings have provided a basis for more reasonable, successful, and personalized approach to biological anti-cytokine treatment for allergic disorders. KEYWORDS: allergy, cytokines, T helper cell clones, phenotype, asthma, anti-cytokine therapy. FOR CITATION: Simbirtsev A.S. Cytokines and their role in immune pathogenesis of allergy. Russian Medical Inquiry. 2021;5(1):32–37. DOI: 10.32364/2587-6821-2021-5-1-32-37.

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Foong, Ru-Xin, e Alexandra F. Santos. "Oral Tolerance Induction—Opportunities and Mechanisms". Foods 11, n. 21 (27 ottobre 2022): 3386. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods11213386.

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Oral tolerance is the active absence of response to food allergens, which involves complex mechanisms in the gut-associated lymphoid tissue. Food allergy results from the disruption of such tolerance or the absence of its establishment in the first place. It follows allergic sensitization with the production of allergen-specific IgE and results from the degranulation of basophils and mast cells on subsequent exposure to the allergen. Oral tolerance induction has been explored in the contexts of prevention and treatment of food allergy. Early introduction of allergenic foods (i.e., egg and peanut) in the diet of infants, before allergic sensitization occurs (i.e., via inflamed skin affected with eczema) has shown to be beneficial. Guidelines have changed to recommend the introduction of these allergenic foods by 6 months of age. For food allergic individuals, oral tolerance induction has been attempted using allergen-specific immunotherapy, which involves the administration of an allergen, modified or not, through various possible routes, including oral, sublingual, epicutaneous, and subcutaneous, with or without concomitant administration of antibody-based biologics. Further research into the immune mechanisms of food allergy and oral tolerance can lead to the identification of novel targets to suppress the food allergic response and reverse the current food allergy epidemic.

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Bloodworth, Jeffrey C., Aki Hoji e Joan Cook-Mills. "Lung microbial dysbiosis during early life promotes predisposition to allergic asthma." Journal of Immunology 210, n. 1_Supplement (1 maggio 2023): 67.26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.210.supp.67.26.

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Abstract Background: Allergic asthma is associated with lung microbial dysbiosis. We hypothesized that the microbiome from the lungs of allergy-predisposed mouse pups is sufficient to predispose pups to development of allergy. Allergic inflammation in pups of allergic dams is blocked by α-tocopherol supplementation of the dam during gestation and nursing, but it is unknown whether α-tocopherol alters microbial composition of the lung. Methodology: Mouse pups were predisposed to allergy by inducing allergy in the mothers. Microbiome was separated from the bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) of pups of allergic and non-allergic mothers and transferred intranasally at postnatal day 4. 16S rRNA sequencing was performed on the Illumina MiSeq platform. Results: Compared to pups born to non-allergic dams and dams administered with a-tocopherol supplementation, mouse pups born to allergic dams had elevated abundance of several genera of the γ-Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, and Verrucomicrobia (p<0.05). There was decreased abundance of genera from Bacteroides, Firmicutes, and α-Proteobacteria (p<0.05). Transfer of lung microbiome from neonates of allergic dams to neonates of non-allergic dams was sufficient to confer responsiveness to allergen in the recipient pups. Neonates of allergic dams were not protected from development of allergy by transfer of donor lung microbiome from neonates of non-allergic dams or neonates of αT-supplemented allergic dams. The donor microbiome from pups of allergic mothers colonized the pup lung, suggesting that early life detrimental bacterial species persists. Conclusion: The lung microbiome from allergy-predisposed pups is dominant and sufficient for enhanced neonate responsiveness to allergen. Supported by grants from NIH (R01AI127695)

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Più fonti

Tesi sul tema "Allergy"

Karlander, Rasmus. "Allergi - en påminnelse om vårt ursprung : en kvantitativ enkätundersökning över förekomsten avallergier bland studenterna på Gymnastik & idrottshögskolan i Stockholm". Thesis, Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan, GIH, Institutionen för idrotts- och hälsovetenskap, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:gih:diva-3147.

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Aim - To investigate the prevalence of allergies among students at The Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences (GIH) in Stockholm and relate it to factors that previous research in this area found to influence the risk of developing allergic diseases. - Can Hygiene Hypothesis or more specifically the relationships of family structure, socioeconomic status and the degree of overcrowding explain the existence of allergies among students at GIH? - Can the prevalence of allergies among students at GIH be explained by any of the known relationship for the prevalence of allergic diseases this study has taken into account? Method - Quantitative survey of students at GIH in the fall of 2013. Results - 214 students from The Swedish School of Sport and Health Science participated in the study, with representation from the first - and last - year students of all educational programs. More than twice the proportion of those diagnosed respondents said that their mother smoked during pregnancy or while they were breast-fed compared with the same group of respondents with no allergic diagnosis. The correlation is not statistically significant (p -value: 0.054). The majority of respondents with an allergic diagnosis indicated that their home mopped once a week or more for most of their childhood, while the majority of respondents with no allergic diagnosis stated that their home mopped less often. The correlation is not statistically significant (p -value: 0.055). Almost twice the proportion of respondents with an allergic diagnosis indicated that they spent most of their childhood in a major city. Similarly, nearly double the proportion of respondents with no allergic diagnosis indicated that they spent most of their childhood in the country (p -value: 0.06). The majority of respondents with an allergic diagnosis had a younger mother at birth in comparison with respondents without any allergic diagnosis. The mean maternal age at birth was 28.3 years for respondents with an allergic diagnosis and 29.9 years for respondents with no diagnosis. Difference in mean age between the two groups is statistically significant (p-value: 0.038). Conclusions - None of the related factors the study took into account, for which earlier studies in the area shown to affect the incidence of allergic diseases could provide a convincing explanation for the prevalence of allergies among students at The Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences. The resulting trend for the majority of the studied factors are in line with previous research. An elderly mother was found to be significantly associated with a decreased risk of having an allergic diagnosis. The result finds no support in previous research and should be investigated more thoroughly.
Syfte - Att undersöka förekomsten av allergier bland studenterna på Gymnastik & idrottshögskolan i Stockholm och relatera det till faktorer som tidigare forskning på området visat påverka risken att utveckla allergiska sjukdomar. Frågeställningar - Kan hygienhypotesen eller närmare bestämt sambanden för familjestrukturen, den socioekonomiska statusen och graden av trångboddhet förklara förekomsten av allergier bland studenterna på Gymnastik & idrottshögskolan? - Kan förekomsten av allergier bland studenterna på Gymnastik & idrottshögskolan förklaras utifrån något av de tidigare kända sambanden för förekomsten av allergiska sjukdomar denna studie tagit i beaktande? Metod - Kvantitativ enkätundersökning av studenterna på Gymnastik & idrottshögskolan under hösten 2013. Resultat – 214 studenter från Gymnastik & idrottshögskolan deltog i studien med representation från första- och sista års- elever från samtliga utbildningsprogram. Mer än dubbelt så stor andel av de diagnosticerade respondenterna svarade att deras mor rökte under graviditeten eller under tiden de ammades i jämförelse med motsvarande grupp respondenter utan någon allergisk diagnos. Sam-bandet är inte statistiskt säkerställt (p-värde: 0,054). Majoriteten av respondenterna med en allergisk diagnos angav att deras hem våttorkades en gång i veckan eller oftare under större delen av deras barndom medan majoriteten av respondenterna utan någon allergisk diagnos uppgav att deras hem våttorkades mer sällan. Sambandet är inte statistiskt säkerställt (p-värde: 0,055). Nästan dubbelt så stor andel av respondenterna med en allergisk diagnos har angett att de spenderat större delen av sin barndom i en större stad. På motsvarande sätt har närmare den dubbla andelen av respondenterna utan någon allergisk diagnos uppgett att de spenderat merparten av sin barndom på landet (p-värde: 0,06). Majoriteten av respondenterna med en allergisk diagnos hade en yngre mor då de föddes i jämförelsen med respondenterna utan någon allergisk diagnos. Medelvärdet för mödrarnas ålder vid födseln var 28,3 år för respondenterna med en allergisk diagnos respektive 29,9 år för responden-terna utan någon diagnos. Skillnad i medelålder mellan de båda grupperna är signifikant (p-värde: 0,038). Slutsats – Inget av de samband studien tagit i beaktande för vilka tidigare studier på området visat sig påverka förekomsten av allergiska sjukdomar kunde ge en övertygande förklaring till förekomsten av allergier bland studenterna på Gymnastik & idrottshögskolan. Den resultatmässiga trenden för merparten av de studerade sambanden är dock i linje med tidigare forskning. En äldre mor visade sig vara signifikant associerad med en minskad risk att ha en allergisk diagnos. Resultatet finner inget stöd i tidigare forskning och bör utredas mer grundligt.

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Moreira, Sara Rios. "O paciente alérgico no consultório de medicina dentária". Master's thesis, [s.n.], 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10284/4393.

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Projeto de Pós-Graduação/Dissertação apresentado à Universidade Fernando Pessoa como parte dos requisitos para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Medicina Dentária
Introdução: A alergia é uma reação do sistema imunológico a uma série de substâncias como o pólen, o leite, o chocolate, a lã, o nylon, medicamentos e anestésicos. Afeta essencialmente indivíduos atópicos com predisposição genética. A prevalência de alergias tem vindo a aumentar na última década, estima-se que 25% da população europeia apresenta algum tipo de alergia. No consultório dentário, apesar das hipersensibilidades aos materiais dentários serem escassas, as hipersensibilidades mais comuns são as do tipo I e do tipo IV. Objetivos: Quantificar a prevalência de alergias nos pacientes atendidos na Consulta de Medicina Dentária das Clínicas Pedagógicas da Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde da Universidade Fernando Pessoa; caracterizar as alergias mais frequentes; verificar a existência de alguma relação entre a prevalência de alergias com a variável sexo e a variável idade. Metodologia: O presente estudo epidemiológico consistiu na aplicação de um inquérito como instrumento de recolha de dados quantitativos. Obteve-se uma amostra de 190 indivíduos com idade superior a 18 anos, selecionados de forma aleatória e que se dirigiram à Clinica Pedagógica de Medicina Dentária da Universidade Fernando Pessoa no ano letivo de 2013/2014. Os dados resultantes do estudo foram armazenados no programa Microsoft Excel 2010. Os procedimentos de análise estatística descritiva foram realizados utilizando o programa informático IBM SPSS Statistics. Resultados: A prevalência de alergias na população em estudo foi de 29%. A prevalência de alergias é maior no sexo feminino sendo a probabilidade (OR) de cerca de 1.89 vezes superior no sexo feminino do que no sexo masculino. No teste de correlação de Pearson, o valor observado foi de 0.302 assim não se verificou correlação entre o aumento da idade com o aumento ou diminuição das alergias. As alergias mais frequentes foi a do tipo respiratória 60%, medicamentosas 16%, doenças alérgicas com alergénios positivos 11%, do tipo cutâneas 9% e do tipo alimentares 4%. Nas alergias do tipo respiratórias observa-se uma maior percentagem na rinite alérgica com 36.40%. Relativamente às alergias do tipo medicamentosas, a penicilina apresenta 10.60%. Conclusão: A prevalência de alergias nesta população assemelha-se à de outros países Europeus. Tal como noutros países a alergia mais comum é a rinite alérgica. A análise dos resultados deste estudo pode conduzir a uma reflexão acerca do aumento da prevalência de alergias pelo que é crucial que todos os médicos dentistas tenham um cuidado extra ao abordarem os seus pacientes no sentido de diagnosticar qualquer uma das mais variadas alergias abordadas no presente trabalho. Introduction: Allergy is a reaction of the immune system to a variety of substances such as pollen, milk, chocolate, wool, nylon, drugs and anesthetics. Affects mainly atopic individuals with a genetic predisposition. The prevalence of allergies has increased in the last decade, it is estimated that 25% of the population has some type of allergy. In dental surgery, despite hypersensitivity to dental materials are rare, the most common are the hypersensitivity type I and type IV. Aims: Quantify the prevalence of allergies in patients attending at the dental medicine services of pedagogical practice in Faculdade Fernando Pessoa; characterize the most common allergies; verify the existence of any relationship between the prevalence of allergies with the gender variable and the variable age. Methodology: This epidemiological study consisted in application of a survey as a tool for collecting quantitative data. Obtained a sample of 190 individuals aged over 18 years, randomly selected and who applied to the Pedagogical Clinic of Dental Medicine, University Fernando Pessoa in the academic year 2013/2014. The data resulting from the study were stored in Microsoft Excel 2010 program. Procedures descriptive statistics were performed using the computer program SPSS Statistics. Results: The prevalence of allergies in the study population was 29%. The prevalence of allergies is higher in females and the likelihood (OR) of about 1.89 times higher in females than in males. In Pearson correlation test, the observed value was 0.302 so there was no correlation between age increase with the increase or decrease of allergies. The most common allergies of the respiratory type was 60%, 16% drug, with positive allergens allergic diseases 11%, the type Skin 9% and 4% of the food type. In the respiratory type allergies observe a higher percentage in allergic rhinitis with 36.40%. Regarding allergies drug type, penicillin has 10.60%. Conclusions: The prevalence of allergies in this population is similar to other European countries. As in other countries the most common allergy is allergic rhinitis. The results of this study may lead to a reflection on the increasing prevalence of allergies so it is crucial that all dentists take extra care when approaching their patients in order to diagnose any of the various allergies addressed in this work.

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Slovak, Andrej Jan Michal. "Laboratory animal allergy". Thesis, University College London (University of London), 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.338450.

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Oldfield, William Laurence George. "Allergen-derived T cell peptides in the treatment of cat allergy". Thesis, Imperial College London, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.398029.

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Beuraud, Chloé. "Identification et caractérisation d'une population de cellules lymphoïdes innées de type 2 (ILC2) associée à la sévérité de la rhinite allergique et de l'asthme". Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016SACLS475.

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Identification et caractérisation d'une population d'ILC2 associée à la sévérité de la rhinite allergique et de l'asthmeTrois catégories de cellules lymphoïdes innées (innate lymphoid cells, ILC) ont été décrites récemment sur la base de leurs phénotypes et leurs caractéristiques fonctionnelles : les ILC1, ILC2 et ILC3. Les ILC2 semblent avoir un rôle pro-inflammatoire important dans l’allergie en raison de leur capacité à produire de grandes quantités de cytokines TH2.Pour mieux comprendre le rôle de ces cellules dans l’allergie respiratoire, nous avons comparé les ILC sanguines de patients atteints d’une rhinite allergique associée ou non à un asthme, à celles de sujets non allergiques. Cette étude révèle de multiples différences fonctionnelles entre les ILC circulantes de sujets sains et allergiques. Notamment, la fréquence d’ILC2 exprimant le récepteur aux chimiokines CCR10 est augmentée dans le sang de patients asthmatiques sévères.CCR10 pouvant permettre le recrutement des ILC vers les organes cibles, le rôle des ILC2 CCR10+ dans la physiopathologie de l’asthme a été étudié. Leur présence dans les poumons humains a été observée. Des analyses fonctionnelles et phénotypiques ont révélé que cette sous-population cellulaire était peu activée mais présentait une plasticité leur conférant des caractéristiques proches des ILC1. La déplétion de ces cellules dans un modèle murin d’asthme allergique aggrave l’hyperréactivité bronchique.Les travaux de cette thèse documentent le rôle des ILC dans l’asthme. En particulier, la fréquence sanguine d’ILC2 CCR10+ augmente avec la sévérité de la maladie. Les résultats obtenus dans les modèles animaux suggèrent que ces cellules auraient un rôle bénéfique dans le contrôle de l’asthme. La voie du CCR10 pourrait représenter une nouvelle cible pour le développement de traitements innovants contre l’asthme ou une source prometteuse de biomarqueurs
Identification and characterization of an ILC2 subset linked to allergic rhinitis and asthma severityInnate lymphoid cells (ILCs) have been classified into ILC1, ILC2 and ILC3 subsets based on their respective phenotypes and functions. Considering the strong ability of ILC2s to produce TH2 cytokines, these cells likely play a significant role in allergic diseases.To better understand the role of these cells in respiratory allergies, we compared blood ILCs from allergic patients with or without asthma to non-allergic individuals. Together our results show multiple functional differences between ILC from allergic and healthy subjects. In particular, ILC2s expressing the chemokine receptor CCR10 are specifically enriched in the blood of patients with severe allergic asthma.Considering that CCR10 could allow the recruitment of ILCs to target organs, the role of CCR10+ ILC2s in asthma physiopathology has been studied. This ILC2 subtype is present in human lungs. Functional and phenotypic analyses revealed that these cells are less activated than other ILC2s and show ILC1-like properties. CCR10+ ILC2s depletion in a mouse model of allergic asthma exacerbate airway hyperreactivity.Together, this work documents the role of ILCs in asthma. Specifically, circulating CCR10+ ILC2 frequency increases with asthma severity. The results obtained in mouse models suggest that these cells could have a beneficial role in asthma control. CCR10 pathway could represent a new target to elaborate breakthrough treatments against asthma or a source of promising biomarkers

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Soulsby, William Daniel III. "Greetings from the Peanut (Allergy) Gallery: Novel Treatments of Peanut Allergy". Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/244785.

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Peanut allergy is among the most prevalent and dangerous forms of allergy in today’s society. Although the physiological mechanism of peanut allergy is well understood as an IgE-mediated immunologic disorder, reasons for unbalanced proportions of this allergy across the world are not completely known. With increasing rates of peanut allergy across the world, especially in the United States, a focus on more effective treatments is essential. Currently, the two most widely used methods of treatment of peanut allergy are injectable epinephrine (EpiPen) in preventing anaphylaxis and over-the-counter antihistamines (i.e. Benadryl). However, neither of these medications is completely effective for treating the wide range of symptoms that allergic patients suffer from. Perhaps, more effective treatments can be found in novel realms, including oral immunotherapy and plasmid DNA immunization, to increase a patient’s tolerance to peanut in cases of accidental ingestion of allergen. Anti-IgE therapy is a new treatment aimed at blocking the ability of IgE to bind to mast cells, stopping IgE from mediating the release of the chemotactic and inflammatory factors that initiate the allergic reaction. Finally, new research in combined therapies for treating anaphylaxis and Chinese herbal medicines may create a new way to target a broader range of symptoms that peanut allergic patients experience during an allergic reaction.

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Gunnarsson, Nina Veetnisha. "Parenting Children with Allergy". Doctoral thesis, Hälsohögskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, HHJ. Forskningsplattformen socialt arbete, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-21104.

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Mackay, Judith A. "Allergy and the neutrophil". Thesis, Imperial College London, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/47550.

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Ferrell, Melissa Leann. "Sublingual Immunotherapy". Diss., The University of Arizona, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/565918.

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One of the most common reasons people seek primary care and emergency care is to reduce the symptoms of allergies, such as hay fever. To meet this high demand, several recent FDA-approved methods for treating seasonal and perennial allergies have been developed, including sublingual immunotherapy tablets. Furthermore, no longer must a patient endure allergy shots; this can now be delivered sublingually. Although this method has been shown to have high safety and efficacy, very few clinicians actually utilize this form of therapy. The purpose of this paper is describe the use of sublingual immunotherapy among Nurse Practitioners (NPs) and discuss barriers that may prevent its use. Nurse Practitioners working in primary care settings were surveyed regarding their use of sublingual immunotherapy. Although many nurse practitioners treat patients with allergic disease, not one participant reported using sublingual immunotherapy. This discussion outlines some of the reasons NPs are not currently utilizing this method of allergy treatment and the findings are compared with the extant literature. This paper culminates in an evidence-based algorithm to outline best practices for utilizing sublingual immunotherapy to reduce allergy symptoms.

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Rees, Shiona Rachel. "Allergy and oral mucosal disease". Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.368579.

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Libri sul tema "Allergy"

Kay, A. Barry, Allen P. Kaplan, Jean Bousquet e Patrick G. Holt, a cura di. Allergy and Allergic Diseases. Oxford, UK: Wiley-Blackwell, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781444300918.

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Denburg, Judah A., a cura di. Allergy and Allergic Diseases. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-2776-0.

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B, Kay A., a cura di. Allergy and allergic diseases. Malden, MA: Distributor, Blackwell Science, 1997.

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B, Kay A., a cura di. Allergy and allergic diseases. 2^a ed. Malden, Mass: Blackwell, 2008.

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Lympany, Penny, e Meinir G. Jones, a cura di. Allergy. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-9591-2.

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P, Kaplan Allen, a cura di. Allergy. New York: Churchill Livingstone, 1985.

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P, Kaplan Allen, a cura di. Allergy. 2^a ed. Philadelphia: Saunders, 1997.

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Maberly, Jonathan. Allergy. Marlborough: Crowood, 1989.

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T, Holgate S., e Church Martin 1942-, a cura di. Allergy. London: Gower Medical Pub., 1993.

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1942-, Church Martin, Holgate S. T e Lichtenstein Lawrence M, a cura di. Allergy. 2^a ed. London: Mosby, 2001.

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Capitoli di libri sul tema "Allergy"

Taylor, Robert B., Alan K. David, Thomas A. Johnson, D. Melessa Phillips e Joseph E. Scherger. "Allergy". In Taylor’s Family Medicine Review, 92–94. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-2152-4_9.

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Tiwari, Jawahar L., e Paul I. Terasaki. "Allergy". In HLA and Disease Associations, 322–34. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-8545-5_13.

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Jensen-Jarolim, Erika, Sophia N. Karagiannis e Michelle C. Turner. "Allergy". In Encyclopedia of Cancer, 1–4. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-27841-9_192-5.

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Mehlhorn, Heinz. "Allergy". In Encyclopedia of Parasitology, 1. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-27769-6_109-2.

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Böning, Dieter, Michael I. Lindinger, Damian M. Bailey, Istvan Berczi, Kameljit Kalsi, José González-Alonso, David J. Dyck et al. "Allergy". In Encyclopedia of Exercise Medicine in Health and Disease, 52. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-29807-6_2063.

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Mehlhorn, Heinz. "Allergy". In Encyclopedia of Parasitology, 93. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-43978-4_109.

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Jensen-Jarolim, Erika, Sophia N. Karagiannis e Michelle C. Turner. "Allergy". In Encyclopedia of Cancer, 184–86. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-46875-3_192.

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Turner, Michelle C. "Allergy". In Encyclopedia of Cancer, 138. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-16483-5_192.

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Wagner, Bettina. "Allergy". In Equine Clinical Immunology, 39–46. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119086512.ch05.

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Gooch, Jan W. "Allergy". In Encyclopedic Dictionary of Polymers, 873. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6247-8_13093.

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Atti di convegni sul tema "Allergy"

Khor, Pei Lin, e Wong Jee Keen Raymond. "Food Allergen Detection in Malaysian Food Using Convolutional Neural Networks". In International Technical Postgraduate Conference 2022. AIJR Publisher, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21467/proceedings.141.15.

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Food allergy is a rising, global epidemic. Some Malaysian cooking contains food-allergic-reaction-causing ingredients that may cause severe allergic reactions. A food allergen detection system in Malaysian food is proposed for tourists with food allergies who are unfamiliar with the wide variety of Malaysian dishes to prevent severe allergic reactions. This work focuses on three major food allergens, which include peanuts, cow’s milk, and shellfish. A new Malaysian food image dataset was prepared, and transfer learning on the custom dataset was done via fine-tuning and feature extraction techniques. Comparisons on the ResNet50, InceptionV3, and VGG16 architectures are done based on the accuracy of each model on the testing data. The VGG16 architecture is concluded as the most suitable neural network model for food allergen detection in Malaysian food. The proposed classifier achieved an accuracy of 80.56% on the test samples. The final model is loaded into a Graphical User Interface (GUI) application to demonstrate the results of the Malaysian food classification model.

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Mitkovskaya, O. A. "Hepatitis and allergic process – immune interaction". In General question of world science. НИЦ "LJournal", 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.18411/gqws-10-2023-04.

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Studies of the interaction effect in patients with infectious hepatitis, other infections with subsequent development of allergic inflammation (allergic nosological entities, atopic form of bronchial asthma) were going for several years. In clinical and epidemiological studies, two types of the effect of infection on immunity were studied: inhibition of the development of allergic diseases or enhancement of the mechanism of allergy progression. An inverse correlation was revealed between bacterial infections and atopic mechanisms of development of allergic diseases and bronchial asthma

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Wang, Gou-Jen, Yi-Fen Liu e Chia-Che Wu. "In-Vitro Allergy Detection Using a Silver Nanoparticle Modified Nanostructured Biosensor". In ASME 2012 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2012-70299.

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IgE (Immunoglobulin E) in the serum of an asthma patient is a useful index for allergy diseases. In this study, a nanostructured biosensor having uniformly deposited gold nanoparticles (GNPs) as the sensing electrode was used for fast and low serum consuming detection of the IgE in allergy patients’ serum. To enhance the charge transferring efficiency of the biosensor, silver nanoparticles (SNPs) were deposited on the GNP layer. The group 2 allergen, Der p2, was used as the probe to detect IgE. To ensure the specificity of detection, the affinity purified goat anti-Human IgE antibody was further immobilized to the IgE. After immobilizing the anti-IgE on the sensor, the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) analysis was implemented to examine the concentration of the target IgE in terms of a Nyquist plot. Blood serum samples with known allergy levels detected by the commercially available ImmunoCAP were used for the verification of the sensor. It is observed that the difference of the charge transfer resistance (ΔRet) between the Der p2 immobilized electrode and the anti-IgE bonded electrode for each individual serum sample closely correlates to its ImmunoCAP class. The blood serum detection results indicate that the presented nanostructured biosensor is able to detect a patient’s allergy level with low sample consumption, short sample preparation time, and quick processing.

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Maduemem, Kene, Eliza Magnusen, Umair Khan e Tom Beattie. "1043 Suboptimal allergy knowledge reinforces penicillin allergy labels in children". In Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health, Abstracts of the RCPCH Conference–Online, 15 June 2021–17 June 2021. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2021-rcpch.356.

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Gutierrez Rivas, Raquel, Juan Jesus Garcia Dominguez, William P. Marnane, Niall Twomey e Andrey Temko. "Real-time allergy detection". In 2013 IEEE International Symposium on Intelligent Signal Processing (WISP). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/wisp.2013.6657476.

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Frey, Remo Manuel, Benjamin Ryder, Klaus Fuchs e Alexander Ilic. "Universal Food Allergy Number". In IoT'16: The 6th International Conference on the Internet of Things. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2991561.2998462.

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Levent, Ayşenur, Cansu Altuntaş, Yelda Türkmenoğlu, Birol Öztürk e Adem Karbuz. "246 Allergy or Anaphylaxis?" In 10th Europaediatrics Congress, Zagreb, Croatia, 7–9 October 2021. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2021-europaediatrics.246.

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Flokstra - De Blok, Bertine, Tina Van Der Velde, Liz Angier, Evangeline Clark, Pascal Demoly, Clara Gaudin, Radek Gawlik et al. "Food allergy logogram to facilitate the diagnosis of food allergy in primary care". In ERS International Congress 2020 abstracts. European Respiratory Society, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/13993003.congress-2020.2682.

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Ranaweera, M., e H. Jones. "G24(P) A salty allergy". In Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health, Abstracts of the Annual Conference, 13–15 March 2018, SEC, Glasgow, Children First – Ethics, Morality and Advocacy in Childhood, The Journal of the Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2018-rcpch.23.

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Grigor'eva, Ellina Valer'evna, Nikolai Leont'evich Grigorenko e Evgenii Nikolaevich Khailov. "Control models of allergy treatment". In International Conference "Optimal Control and Differential Games" dedicated to the 110th anniversary of L. S. Pontryagin. Moscow: Steklov Mathematical Institute, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4213/proc22986.

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Rapporti di organizzazioni sul tema "Allergy"

Arrowsmith, Helen, Lewis Wallis, Christopher James, Nigel Blitz e Ann Wood. International review of the literature and guidance on food allergen cleaning. Food Standards Agency, giugno 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.46756/sci.fsa.tad202.

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People with food allergy must avoid eating the foods they are allergic to as they may react to very small amounts of such foods. Allergenic food left on surfaces or equipment could contaminate another food that is also prepared using the same surface or equipment. Cleaning of surfaces and equipment is therefore one way that businesses try to prevent contamination with food allergens. Food businesses let people know that food could be contaminated with allergens using Precautionary Allergen Labelling (PAL) such as ‘may contain’ statements. Evidence gathered from previous food industry consultations shows that there is uncertainty around the effectiveness of allergen cleaning which is a barrier to effective use of PAL.

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University of Manchester. Patterns and Prevalence of Adult Food Allergy. Food Standards Agency, maggio 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.46756/sci.fsa.ehu454.

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This project has been set up to provide a step-change in our understanding of food allergy in adulthood by determining its prevalence in the adult population. It provided data to allow the trajectories of the condition in relation to both persistent allergy from childhood and adult-onset food allergy to be described, together with adverse reactions to foods that are not mediated by IgE.

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Spergel, Jonathan M. Exploration into the Genetics of Food Allergy. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, ottobre 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada611998.

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Spergel, Jonathan M. Exploration into the Genetics of Food Allergy. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, ottobre 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada576361.

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Zablotsky, Benjamin, Lindsey Black e Lara Akinbami. Diagnosed Allergic Conditions in Children Aged 0–17 Years: United States, 2021. National Center for Health Statistics (U.S.), gennaio 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.15620/cdc:123250.

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Broide, David. Genes Associated with Food Allergy and Eosinophilic Esophagitis. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, novembre 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada601820.

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Chatila, Talal. Mechanisms of Oral Tolerance Breakdown in Food Allergy. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, ottobre 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada602791.

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Jia, Lili, e Steve Evans. Prevent food allergy alerts: an incentive-based approach. Food Standards Agency, febbraio 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.46756/sci.fsa.flm647.

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The majority of UK food recalls are due to allergen mislabelling, misleading allergen claims and/or the unintentional presence of allergens – representing a significant food safety risk and cost to industry. Labelling legislation must be followed to ensure food is safe and what it says it is, and this requires good allergen management and accurate allergen information communication down the supply chain. Distilling this information accurately, to inform labelling and/or communication of allergen information, can be particularly challenging for small to medium food businesses due to the low adoption of advanced labelling technology. In November 2018, a joint FSA/EIT (European Institute of Innovation & Technology) workshop discussed potential solutions to tackling the increase in food allergen mislabelling incidents. It was concluded that the situation could be improved by developing accessible and affordable tools for food businesses, to aid in the automation of food data collection, validation and management. As a result, the FSA are funding this initial development project that aims to develop an online system targeted at small and medium-sized food businesses, to help reduce the number of product recalls due to allergen mislabelling. The tool is also predicted to support more reliable knowledge transfer and incident tracking when things do go wrong.

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Conte, Ianina. Enabling people with the oral allergy syndrome to eat fresh fruit. National Institute for Health Research, maggio 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3310/nihropenres.1115153.1.

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Obbagy, Julie, Laural English, Tricia Psota, Perrine Nadaud, Kirsten Johns, Yat Ping Wong, Nancy Terry et al. Types and Amounts of Complementary Foods and Beverages and Food Allergy, Atopic Dermatitis/Eczema, Asthma, and Allergic Rhinitis: A Systematic Review. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Food and Nutrition Service, Center for Nutrition Policy and Promotion, Nutrition Evidence Systematic Review, aprile 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.52570/nesr.pb242018.sr0304.

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