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Autore: Grafiati

Pubblicato: 4 giugno 2021

Ultima modifica: 19 febbraio 2022

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1

Liu, Shen-Ing, e Andrew T. A. Cheng. "Alcohol use disorders among the Yami aborigines in Taiwan". British Journal of Psychiatry 172, n. 2 (febbraio 1998): 168–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.172.2.168.

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BackgroundAlcohol use disorders (AUDs) among the Yami aborigines in Taiwan were investigated and compared with four other Taiwanese aboriginal groups.MethodA sample survey was conducted using a semi-structured clinical interview for AUDs among 252 subjects, aged 15 and above, from two Yami villages on Orchid Island.ResultsThe prevalences of DSM–III–R and DSM–IV alcohol use disorders were 13.1% and 10.3% by one year, and 17.5% and 15.2% by lifetime, respectively with a male excess. The risk for AUDs in Yami men was significantly associated with a lower educational level, a non-married status, and the length of stay in mainland Taiwan. A protective effect of Christian belief was evident for lifetime risk for AUDs.ConclusionsThe lower prevalences of AUDs in Yami than in other aboriginal groups in Taiwan might be explained by social isolation of the former, and differences in drinking tradition, availability of alcohol, biological vulnerability, and the extent of acculturation between these groups.

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BLIGNAULT, ILSE, e CLIVE RYDER. "Abstinence and alcohol use among urban Aborigines in Western Australia". Drug and Alcohol Review 16, n. 4 (dicembre 1997): 365–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09595239700186751.

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Rashid, R. A., W. A. Irnee, A. Jazaeri, R. Abdul Kadir e H. Habil. "P-79 - Alcohol use and psychosocial correlates among aborigines in Malaysia". European Psychiatry 27 (gennaio 2012): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0924-9338(12)74246-3.

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Hall, Wayne, Ernest Hunter e Randolph Spargo. "Alcohol Use and Incarceration in a Police Lockup among Aboriginals in the Kimberley Region of Western Australia". Australian & New Zealand Journal of Criminology 27, n. 1 (giugno 1994): 57–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000486589402700109.

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Data from a general population survey of a stratified random sample of 516 Aboriginal men and women over the age of 15 years in the Kimberley region of Western Australia were used to estimate patterns of incarceration in police lockups and their relationship to self-reported alcohol consumption. Participants in the survey were asked about their lifetime experience of incarceration in police cells, and about their frequency and quantity of alcohol consumption. Estimates of the population risk of incarceration indicated that 81% of Kimberley Aboriginal men, and 37% of Kimberley Aboriginal women have been locked up in police cells. Alcohol use was strongly related to the risk of being locked up in police cells, and the risk was higher among current drinkers who were of full rather than mixed Aboriginal descent. Urgent action is required to reduce rates of incarceration in police cells among Kimberley Aboriginals. In addition to the decriminalisation of public drunkenness, action needs to be taken to reduce the prevalence of heavy alcohol use, and to improve the social and economic conditions in which Kimberley Aboriginals live.

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5

Yang, M. S., M. H. Wang, C. Y. Lai e C. F. Yen. "494 – Gender difference in harmful alcohol use and adverse drinking consequences among taiwanese aborigines". European Psychiatry 28 (gennaio 2013): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0924-9338(13)75811-5.

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6

Currie, Cheryl L., T. Cameron Wild, Donald P. Schopflocher, Lory Laing, Paul J. Veugelers, Brenda Parlee e Daniel W. McKennitt. "Enculturation and Alcohol Use Problems among Aboriginal University Students". Canadian Journal of Psychiatry 56, n. 12 (dicembre 2011): 735–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/070674371105601205.

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7

Wang, Mei-Hua, Chien-Hung Lee, Chien-Yu Lai, Ke-Hsin Chueh, Cheng-Fang Yen e Mei-Sang Yang. "Harmful Alcohol Use Among Aboriginal People in Southern Taiwan". Journal of Addictions Nursing 25, n. 1 (2014): 41–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/jan.0000000000000021.

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8

Rawana, Jennine S., e Megan E. Ames. "Protective Predictors of Alcohol Use Trajectories Among Canadian Aboriginal Youth". Journal of Youth and Adolescence 41, n. 2 (4 ottobre 2011): 229–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10964-011-9716-9.

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9

Rashid, R., M. Munir, H. Habil, R. Abd Kadir, N. Md Haris Robson, A. H. Sulaiman, M. Ahmad Zahari, A. S. Amer Nordin e W. A. I. Wan Husin. "2678 – Alcohol use and psychosocial correlates among aborigine in central malaysia". European Psychiatry 28 (gennaio 2013): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0924-9338(13)77298-5.

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10

Chueh, Ke-Hsin, Mei-Sang Yang, Cheng-Sheng Chen e Shyam-Min Chiou. "Poor sleep quality and alcohol use problems among elderly Taiwanese aboriginal women". International Psychogeriatrics 21, n. 03 (27 marzo 2009): 593. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1041610209008850.

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11

BRADY, MAGGIE, SHARON DAWE e ROBYN RICHMOND. "Expanding knowledge among Aboriginal service providers on treatment options for excessive alcohol use". Drug and Alcohol Review 17, n. 1 (marzo 1998): 69–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09595239800187611.

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12

Williams, Robyn, Chris Lawrence, Edward Wilkes, Maurice Shipp, Barbara Henry, Sandra Eades, Bradley Mathers, John Kaldor, Lisa Maher e Dennis Gray. "Sexual behaviour, drug use and health service use by young Noongar people in Western Australia: a snapshot". Sexual Health 12, n. 3 (2015): 188. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sh14038.

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Background This study aimed to describe sexual health behaviour, alcohol and other drug use, and health service use among young Noongar people in the south-west of Western Australia. Method: A cross-sectional survey was undertaken among a sample of 244 Noongar people aged 16−30 years. Results: The sample was more disadvantaged than the wider Noongar population. Sexual activity was initiated at a young age, 18% had two or more casual sex partners in the previous 12 months, with men more likely to have done so than women (23% vs 14%). Condoms were always or often carried by 57% of men and 37% of women, and 36% of men and 23% of women reported condom use at last sex with a casual partner. Lifetime sexually transmissible infection diagnosis was 14%. Forty percent currently smoked tobacco and 25% reported risky alcohol consumption on a weekly and 7% on an almost daily basis. Cannabis was used by 37%, 12% used drugs in addition to cannabis and 11% reported recently injecting drugs. In the previous 12 months, 66% had a health check and 31% were tested for HIV or sexually transmissible infections. Additionally, 25% sought advice or assistance for mental health or alcohol and other drug issues. Discussion: Although some respondents engaged in risky sexual behaviour, alcohol and other drug use or both, most did not. Particularly encouraging was the engagement of respondents with the health care system, especially among those engaging in risky behaviours. The results confound negative stereotypes of Aboriginal people and demonstrate a level of resilience among respondents.

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Field, Courtney. "Hazardous alcohol consumption in non-aboriginal male inmates in New South Wales". International Journal of Prisoner Health 14, n. 1 (12 marzo 2018): 46–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijph-11-2016-0068.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine correlates and predictors of hazardous drinking behaviour, that may be considered evidence of generalised strain, in a sample of incarcerated non-Aboriginal males in New South Wales, Australia. Design/methodology/approach Data were collected from 283 non-Aboriginal male inmates as part of a larger epidemiological survey of inmates in NSW undertaken in 2015 by the Justice Health and Forensic Mental Health Network. Data relating to a range of social factors were selected with reference to relevant literature and assessed with regards their predictive value for scores from the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT). To facilitate regression analysis, variables were logically organised into historical factors or adult factors. Findings Almost all participants reported some history of alcohol consumption. Hazardous drinking was common among participants. While parental alcohol problems and adult drug use were the only correlates of AUDIT scores, parental misuse of alcohol was shown to be an important predictor of AUDIT scores in regression analysis. The role of parent gender was inconclusive. Previous incarceration as an adult, employment status, and drug use as an adult also predicted AUDIT scores. Originality/value Alcohol abuse is common among inmates and the use of alcohol is implicated in the commission of many offences. A better understanding of its genesis may inspire novel approaches to treatment, leading to improved health outcomes for inmates.

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Lovett, Ray, Phyll Dance, Jill Guthrie, Roxie Brown e Julie Tongs. "Walan Girri: developing a culturally mediated case management model for problematic alcohol use among urban Indigenous people". Australian Health Review 38, n. 4 (2014): 440. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ah13148.

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Objective To describe the design and implementation of a culturally mediated case management model at Winnunga Nimmityjah Aboriginal Health Service (Winnunga) for Indigenous clients who consume alcohol at problematic levels. Methods Our research took place from March 2008 to March 2010 in the Australian Capital Territory and built on previous research partnerships between Winnunga and The Australian National University’s National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health. We conducted a review of existing models to determine elements for consideration in the community controlled setting, and conducted staff surveys to assess current levels of skill and confidence around alcohol screening, brief intervention and care planning. Using the information from the review and staff surveys, we then undertook staff capacity building to build confidence and skills in conducting alcohol screening, brief intervention and care planning. This process was driven by Winnunga’s social health team. To meet Medicare benefits schedule requirements, and frame the study within the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Chronic Disease Package framework, we included team care arrangements, care planning and health checks. Results Elements of case management were suggested by staff and incorporated into the final model. Forty staff in the health service participated in identifying training needs for the development of the case management model and undertook a range of training before the model was implemented. Staff working within the social health team decided that the focus of the case management was to build a stronger future for their clients, hence the name of the case management model ‘Walan Girri’ (Wiradjuri language for strong future). The model included a package of screening instruments and brief intervention, related polices and discussion of ‘mob’ and ‘country.’ Changes in Winnunga management and staff, the composition of the research team and the way Walan Girri evolved led to protracted development and implementation. Conclusions This project highlights considerations for implementing a case management model in a dynamic health service environment. Capacity building for Winnunga staff and for an Indigenous PhD scholar were part of the process and were integral in maintaining momentum in the project. What is known about the topic? Case management for chronic disease and other health conditions is currently recommended in assisting to resolve those issues. Case management aims to involve a range of healthcare practitioners (general practitioners, nurses and Aboriginal health workers) and providers in conjunction with the client to improve their health status. Currently, there is limited description of how case management models are used within the Aboriginal community controlled context. What does this paper add? This paper adds to the knowledge base in this field by describing the results of a method of case management driven by the community controlled health sector. It also introduces a simple approach that may be useful in a range of contexts in the health setting in building trust and rapport with clients, while engaging the healthcare practitioner in the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander cultural contexts of relationships to country and family (mob). What are the implications for practitioners? The implication may be that healthcare practitioners working in Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander Health Services adopt Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander cultural protocols, such as talking with clients about ‘mob’ and ‘country’, to build trust and rapport.

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Brady, Maggie. "Ethnography and Understandings of Aboriginal Drinking". Journal of Drug Issues 22, n. 3 (luglio 1992): 699–712. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002204269202200316.

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Qualitative and ethnographic accounts of Aboriginal drinking tend to focus on the social meanings and uses of alcohol within particular groups. Such studies avoid a preoccupation with ‘causes' and instead examine the social milieu within which, sometimes excessive, drinking occurs without disapprobation. This article outlines the work of Australian social analysts of Aboriginal drinking who have documented the process of learning how to drink, the uses of drinking as a marker of equality, sociability and in exchanges, and the beliefs and meanings attached to alcohol use among Aboriginal people. Through such approaches, we can “make sense” of the persistence of what often seem to be dysfunctional styles of drinking among certain groups.

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Withrow, DR, A. Amartey e LD Marrett. "Cancer risk factors and screening in the off-reserve First Nations, Métis and non-Aboriginal populations of Ontario". Chronic Diseases and Injuries in Canada 34, n. 2/3 (luglio 2014): 103–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.24095/hpcdp.34.2/3.05.

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Introduction This study describes the prevalence of smoking, obesity, sedentary behaviour/physical activity, fruit and vegetable consumption and alcohol use as well as the uptake of breast, cervical and colorectal cancer screening among First Nations and Métis adults in Ontario and compares these to that of the non-Aboriginal population. Methods We used the Canadian Community Health Survey (2007 to 2011 combined) to calculate prevalence estimates for the 3 ethnocultural populations. Results First Nations and Métis adults were significantly more likely than non-Aboriginal adults to self-report smoking and/or to be classified as obese. Alcohol use exceeding cancer prevention recommendations and inadequate fruit and vegetable consumption were more common in First Nations people than in the non-Aboriginal population. First Nations women were more likely to report having had a Fecal Occult Blood Test in the previous 2 years than non-Aboriginal women. No significant differences across the 3 ethnocultural groups were found for breast and cervical screening among women or colorectal screening among men. Conclusion Without intervention, we are likely to continue to see a significant burden of smoking- and obesity-related cancers in Ontario's Aboriginal population.

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Yeh, Mei-Yu, e I.-Chyun Chiang. "Comparison of the predictors of alcohol use and misuse among Han and aboriginal students in Taiwan". Addictive Behaviors 30, n. 5 (giugno 2005): 989–1000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.addbeh.2004.10.003.

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Emden, Carolyn, Inge Kowanko, Charlotte de Crespigny e Helen Murray. "Better medication management for Indigenous Australians: findings from the field". Australian Journal of Primary Health 11, n. 1 (2005): 80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/py05011.

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This paper reports findings from interviews and focus groups conducted within a multi-dimensional action research project concerning medication management among Indigenous Australians. Participants were Aboriginal people with mental health problems, carers and family members, and health and social service workers from different regions in South Australia. A meta-analysis of findings from each regional project component was conducted, and major themes conceptualised and developed into a coherent summary. The findings revealed problems of a magnitude not previously realised - mental health problems (including alcohol and drug problems) and medication management among Aboriginal people clearly are major issues requiring immediate and sustained attention if the health and welfare of the Australian Indigenous population are to be improved. Findings concerned eight major areas: social and emotional wellbeing issues; stressors on Aboriginal health services and providers; training for the Aboriginal health workforce; mainstream health services for Aboriginal people; trust and confidentiality within Aboriginal health services; English language literacy and numeracy skills of Aboriginal clients; remote living arrangements for many Aboriginal people; problems with alcohol use; and institutionalised and individual racism in the community at large.

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Richmond, Robyn L., Devon Indig, Tony G. Butler, Kay A. Wilhelm, Vicki A. Archer e Alex D. Wodak. "Smoking and Other Drug Characteristics of Aboriginal and Non-Aboriginal Prisoners in Australia". Journal of Addiction 2013 (2013): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/516342.

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Introduction and Aim. Although tobacco and alcohol use have declined substantially in the Australian community, substance use among prisoners remains high. The aim was to compare the smoking, drug, and alcohol characteristics, sociodemographic profile, and general health of Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal male prisoners in a smoking cessation intervention.Design and Methods. This study was a descriptive cross-sectional analysis of data from 425 male prisoners who joined a quit smoking trial conducted at 18 correctional centres in NSW and Queensland using data collected by standardised self-report instruments.Results. Average age was 33 years with 15% from Aboriginal descent. Compared to non-Aboriginal prisoners, Aboriginal prisoners were significantly more likely to have left school with no qualifications, to have been institutionalised as a child, to be previously incarcerated, and commenced smoking at a younger age. The tobacco use profile of both groups was similar; most of them had a medium to high level of nicotine dependence, smoked roll your own tobacco, and were “serious” about quitting.Discussion and Conclusion. Despite differences in terms of sociodemographic characteristics and offending history, the smoking characteristics of Aboriginal and non- Aboriginal prisoners were similar. Incarceration offers an opportunity to encourage smoking cessation and reduction of drug use.

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Thomas, David P., Maureen Davey, Anke E. Sterren, Kathryn S. Panaretto e Louise Lyons. "Do stress, life satisfaction, depression and alcohol use predict quitting among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander smokers?" Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health 44, n. 3 (27 maggio 2020): 186–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1753-6405.12993.

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McDermott, Robyn, Sandra Campbell, Ming Li e Brad McCulloch. "The health and nutrition of young indigenous women in north Queensland – intergenerational implications of poor food quality, obesity, diabetes, tobacco smoking and alcohol use". Public Health Nutrition 12, n. 11 (11 giugno 2009): 2143–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980009005783.

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AbstractObjectiveTo document nutritional status and health behaviours of young indigenous women of childbearing age in rural communities in north Queensland.DesignCross-sectional survey of 424 Aboriginal and 232 Torres Strait Islander (TSI) women aged 15–34 years, conducted in twenty-three rural and remote communities of far north Queensland in 1999–2000, with follow-up of a smaller cohort (n132) in 2006–2007.Main outcome measuresWeight, waist circumference, intake of fruit and vegetables, smoking, alcohol intake, fasting blood glucose, blood pressure, HDL cholesterol, γ-glutamyltransferase, red cell folate (RCF), interval weight and waist gain and incidence of diabetes.ResultsForty-one per cent of Aboriginal and 69 % of TSI had central obesity, 62 % were smokers, 71 % drank alcohol regularly and of those, 60 % did so at harmful levels. One third of Aboriginal and 16 % of TSI women had very low RCF levels. In the group followed up, there was a mean annual waist gain of 1·6 cm in Aboriginal women and 1·2 cm in TSI, 0·5 kg/m2in BMI and 1·5 kg in weight. Incidence of new type 2 diabetes mellitus in this cohort was 29·1 per 1000 person-years (py) (95 % CI 14·0, 52·8) in Aboriginal women and 13·9 per 1000 py (95 % CI 5·6, 28·5) among TSI.ConclusionsHigh prevalence and incidence of central obesity and diabetes, poor nutrition, high rates of alcohol use and tobacco smoking together with young maternal age, provide a poor intra-uterine environment for many indigenous Australian babies, and contribute to high perinatal morbidity and future disability. Community level interventions to improve pre-pregnancy nutrition and health behaviours in young women are urgent.

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Elton-Marshall, T., S. T. Leatherdale e R. Burkhalter. "Tobacco, alcohol and illicit drug use among Aboriginal youth living off-reserve: results from the Youth Smoking Survey". Canadian Medical Association Journal 183, n. 8 (9 maggio 2011): E480—E486. http://dx.doi.org/10.1503/cmaj.101913.

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Pilkington, Albert (Sonny) A. G., Owen B. J. Carter, Alexander S. Cameron e Sandra C. Thompson. "Tobacco control practices among Aboriginal health professionals in Western Australia". Australian Journal of Primary Health 15, n. 2 (2009): 152. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/py08066.

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Smoking among Aboriginal people is extremely widespread (50 v. 17% of the general population). Aboriginal Health Workers (AHW) are at the vanguard of tackling this problem but many themselves smoke and little is known of their knowledge, attitudes and practices regarding smoking cessation. Structured telephone interviews were conducted with 36 AHW, including 31% current smokers, 31% ex-smokers and 38% non-smokers, to assess their current smoking cessation practices and knowledge of health risks, nicotine dependence, cessation strategies and pharmacotherapies. AHW considered diabetes, alcohol use and heart disease more problematic than smoking among Aboriginal people. Fear of appearing hypocritical stopped many who smoke from discussing smoking cessation with clients but also stopped some non-smoking AHW whose colleagues or family smoked. Cultural concerns about telling others ‘what to do’ was also a major impediment. Knowledge of the health effects of smoking was good, but knowledge of appropriate advice around cessation pharmacotherapies was suboptimal. AHW trained in smoking cessation were more knowledgeable and active in smoking cessation, but most AHW had received no training, despite being keen to do so. Specific smoking cessation training is sought and appears needed by AHW, particularly in the areas of brief interventions, motivational interviewing, dependence assessment and pharmacotherapies.

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Hefler, Marita, Vicki Kerrigan, Joanna Henryks, Becky Freeman e David P. Thomas. "Social media and health information sharing among Australian Indigenous people". Health Promotion International 34, n. 4 (17 aprile 2018): 706–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/heapro/day018.

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AbstractDespite the enormous potential of social media for health promotion, there is an inadequate evidence base for how they can be used effectively to influence behaviour. In Australia, research suggests social media use is higher among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people than the general Australian population; however, health promoters need a better understanding of who uses technologies, how and why. This qualitative study investigates what types of health content are being shared among Aboriginal and Torres Strait people through social media networks, as well as how people engage with, and are influenced by, health-related information in their offline life. We present six social media user typologies together with an overview of health content that generated significant interaction. Content ranged from typical health-related issues such as mental health, diet, alcohol, smoking and exercise, through to a range of broader social determinants of health. Social media-based health promotion approaches that build on the social capital generated by supportive online environments may be more likely to generate greater traction than confronting and emotion-inducing approaches used in mass media campaigns for some health topics.

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Doyle, Michael F., Jill Guthrie, Tony Butler, Anthony Shakeshaft, Katherine Conigrave e Megan Williams. "Onset and trajectory of alcohol and other drug use among Aboriginal men entering a prison treatment program: A qualitative study". Drug and Alcohol Review 39, n. 6 (3 agosto 2020): 704–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/dar.13123.

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Laliberté, Arlene, e Michel Tousignant. "Alcohol and Other Contextual Factors of Suicide in Four Aboriginal Communities of Quebec, Canada". Crisis 30, n. 4 (luglio 2009): 215–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/0227-5910.30.4.215.

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Background: Aboriginal populations worldwide face increasing rates of suicide. Despite this recurring observation, little research has emerged from Aboriginal settings. Aims: This paper describes the psychosocial and behavioral characteristics of 30 consecutive adult suicides from four First-Nations communities in Quebec, Canada. Method: Psychological autopsies guided by the LEDS with family members of the deceased. Results: Suicide among this group is overrepresented by young single men. Alcohol intoxication at the time of death was reported for 22 cases in association with rapid acting out after the precipitating event for 20. All but two cases had a history of alcohol abuse, and drug use was also present in 23 cases. In 16 cases there had been a previous suicide attempt, 14 of which occurred during the previous year. The main socio-demographic characteristics of the communities were overcrowded living arrangements and no job status (90%). Seven cases were incarcerated or locked up at the time of death. Clustering of suicide was observed within seven nuclear families including 16 suicides. Conclusion: This study shows that Aboriginal suicide is the result of a complex interweaving of individual, familial, and socio-historical variables. The impact of contemporary social stressors on individual well-being must be addressed to prevent suicide in this community.

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Ward, James, Joanne Bryant, Heather Worth, Peter Hull, Sarina Solar e Sandra Bailey. "Use of health services for sexually transmitted and blood-borne viral infections by young Aboriginal people in New South Wales". Australian Journal of Primary Health 19, n. 1 (2013): 81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/py11032.

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The objective of the present study was to describe use of health services for sexually transmitted infections (STI), blood borne viral infections (BBV) and drug and alcohol issues by young Aboriginal people in New South Wales (NSW). A cross-sectional survey was conducted at two Aboriginal sports and cultural events in NSW, in 2007 and 2008, among Aboriginal people aged 16–30 years to ascertain their knowledge of STI, BBV, associated risk behaviours and health service access in NSW. A total of 293 young Aboriginal people completed the survey; 58% were female, the mean age was 20 years, and almost 70% were single. Just over one-third (34%) of participants had been tested for an STI in the past 12 months, and over half (58%) reported that they had ever had an STI test (including HIV). Of respondents who had had an STI test in the past 12 months, 54.0% had done so at an Aboriginal Community Controlled Health Service (ACCHS) and 29% by a GP. Just over one-third (36%) of participants had ever had a test for hepatitis C, 45% of whom had received their test at an ACCHS. Participants were also asked about the types of services they had used for advice about STI and BBV. Of the 69% who had sought STI advice, ACCHS was the most common clinical location for doing so (36% for STI and 26% for hepatitis C). This study highlights the important role that ACCHS play in the provision of STI and BBV testing care and management for a cohort of young Aboriginal people in NSW.

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Stark, Astrid M., e Alex Hope. "Aboriginal women's stories of sexually transmissible infection transmission and condom use in remote central Australia". Sexual Health 4, n. 4 (2007): 237. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sh07009.

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Background: Sexually transmissible infection (STI) rates are persistently high in central Australia, creating conditions for a potential HIV pandemic in the area. There is a shortage of qualitative research examining the underlying factors affecting STI transmission in this region. The present study investigates Aboriginal women’s current levels of knowledge regarding STI and their transmission, perception of risk for STI, patterns of condom use, access to condoms and experiences of condom negotiation with their partners. It also explores the sociocultural context of their sexual health. Methods: The present study used qualitative methods with a semistructured questionnaire. Twenty-four women aged 18–35 years from one remote central-Australian Aboriginal community were recruited. Results: The results revealed poor understandings of STI transmission, limited access to condoms and low levels of condom use despite a high perception of risk to STI. They also identified specific issues facing these women regarding the sociocultural context of their condom use, their access to condoms and the transmission of STI. The perceived effects of alcohol abuse, infidelity, sexual assault and shame on the acquisition of STI were significant issues for the women. Conclusion: This research has identified an urgent need for further qualitative research into the sociocultural factors that facilitate the spread of STI among Aboriginal people of remote central Australia. Implications include the need to increase their knowledge regarding STI and STI transmission, to increase women’s access to condoms and to incorporate the teaching of skills to deal with sexual assault and violence into sexual-health education.

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Snijder, Mieke, Briana Lees, Annalee Stearne, James Ward, Sophia Garlick Bock, Nicola Newton e Lexine Stapinski. "An ecological model of drug and alcohol use and related harms among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Australians: A systematic review of the literature". Preventive Medicine Reports 21 (marzo 2021): 101277. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pmedr.2020.101277.

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McNamara, Bridgette, Lina Gubhaju, Louisa Jorm, David Preen, Jocelyn Jones, Grace Joshy, Carrington Shepherd, Daniel McAullay e Sandra Eades. "Exploring factors impacting early childhood health among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander families and communities: protocol for a population-based cohort study using data linkage (the ‘Defying the Odds’ study)". BMJ Open 8, n. 3 (marzo 2018): e021236. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2017-021236.

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IntroductionEmpirical evidence on family and community risk and protective factors influencing the comparatively high rates of potentially preventable hospitalisations and deaths among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander infants and children is limited. As is evidence on geographical variation in these risks. The ‘Defying the Odds’ study aims to explore the impact of perinatal outcomes, maternal social and health outcomes and level of culturally secure service availability on the health outcomes of Western Australian (WA) Aboriginal infants and children aged 0–5 years.Methods and analysisThe study combines a retrospective cohort study that uses state-wide linked health and administrative data from 12 data sources for multiple generations within Aboriginal families in WA, with specifically collected survey data from health and social services supporting Aboriginal families in regions of WA. Data sources include perinatal/birth registration, hospital, emergency department, mental health services, drug and alcohol service use, mortality, infectious disease notifications, and child protection and family services. Multilevel regression models will be used to examine the intensity of admissions and presentations, mortality, intensity of long stays and morbidity-free survival (no admissions) for Aboriginal children born in WA in 2000–2013. Relationships between maternal (and grand-maternal) health and social factors and child health outcomes will be quantified. Community-level variation in outcomes for Aboriginal children and factors contributing to this variation will be examined, including the availability of culturally secure services. Online surveys were sent to staff members at relevant services to explore the scope, reach and cultural security of services available to support Aboriginal families across selected regions of WA.Ethics and disseminationEthics approvals have been granted for the study. Interpretation and dissemination are guided by the study team’s Aboriginal leadership and reference groups. Dissemination will be through direct feedback and reports to health services in the study and via scientific publications and policy recommendations.

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Charlson, Fiona, Bruce Gynther, Karin Obrecht, Ed Heffernan, Michael David, Jesse T. Young e Ernest Hunter. "Incarceration among adults living with psychosis in Indigenous populations in Cape York and the Torres Strait". Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 55, n. 7 (21 gennaio 2021): 678–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0004867420985247.

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Objective: The relationship between psychosis and contact with the criminal justice system for Indigenous people living in rural and remote areas is not well understood. In this study, the authors examine patterns of incarceration among Indigenous people living with psychosis in Cape York and the Torres Strait over two decades. Methods: Data were collated from a clinical database of complete psychiatric records from 1992 to 2015, extracted for all Indigenous patients with a psychotic disorder from the Remote Area Mental Health Service, and linked to the Queensland Corrections Service database. Descriptive statistics were calculated to compare characteristics between those incarcerated and those not incarcerated during the study period and to quantify patterns of incarceration including types of offences, time spent in custody and frequency of incarceration. Multivariate Cox regression analysis was used to assess associations between reported variables and ‘first incarceration’. Results: Forty-five percent of Aboriginal patients ( n = 116) were incarcerated compared with 31% of Torres Strait Islanders ( n = 41) ( p = 0.008), and the proportion of males incarcerated (51%, n = 141) was approximately twice that of females (24%, n = 35; p = 0.001). A cluster of first incarcerations were observed in close time proximity to diagnosis of psychosis. Individuals who had a history of both alcohol and cannabis use had approximately two times higher risk of being incarcerated following positive diagnosis compared to those without a history of substance use (hazard ratio = 1.85; 95% confidence interval: [1.08, 3.17]; p = 0.028). Males accounted for approximately 85% ( n = 328) of sentences. The most common most serious offence was causing physical harm to others (assault – n = 122, 31%). Conclusion: Our study found that for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people with a psychotic disorder in North Queensland, criminal justice responses with resultant incarceration occurs frequently. Access to appropriate mental health services and diversion options for Indigenous Australians with psychosis should be a key public health and justice priority.

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Hutchesson, Melinda J., Mitch J. Duncan, Stina Oftedal, Lee M. Ashton, Christopher Oldmeadow, Frances Kay-Lambkin e Megan C. Whatnall. "Latent Class Analysis of Multiple Health Risk Behaviors among Australian University Students and Associations with Psychological Distress". Nutrients 13, n. 2 (28 gennaio 2021): 425. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13020425.

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University students have high rates of health risk behaviors and psychological distress. This study explores patterns of health behaviors among a sample of Australian university students, and determines whether patterns of health behaviors are associated with psychological distress and demographic characteristics. Cross-sectional data from the University of Newcastle Student Healthy Lifestyle Survey 2019 were analyzed. Fruit and vegetable intake, sugar-sweetened beverage intake, physical activity, sitting time, smoking, alcohol intake, drug use, sleep and psychological distress were assessed. Latent class analysis (LCA) was used to identify patterns of health risk behaviors, and latent class regression to explore associations between psychological distress and demographic characteristics with health behavior classes. Analysis included 1965 students (mean age 25.8 ± 8.6 years, 70.7% female). Three patterns of health behaviors were identified: healthier (48.6%), moderate (40.2%) and unhealthy (11.2%) lifestyle classes. Students in the moderate and unhealthy lifestyle classes had higher odds of moderate (OR 1.43 and 2.37) and high/very high psychological distress risk (OR 2.71 and 11.69). Students in the unhealthy and moderate lifestyle classes had a higher odds of being male, younger, enrolled in transition to university and English language courses, Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander descent and to report some financial difficulty. Study findings may be used to inform the design of mental health interventions for university students that target key health risk behaviors.

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Hocking, Bruce, Michael Lowe, Tricia Nagel, Caroline Phillips, Melissa Lindeman, Annie Farthing, Heather Jensen, Alan Cass e Kylie Dingwall. "Dementia in Aboriginal people in Residential Aged Care Facilities in Alice Springs: A Descriptive Study". Brain Impairment 20, n. 2 (settembre 2019): 171–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/brimp.2019.23.

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AbstractBackground:A high prevalence of dementia among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islanders has been reported but knowledge of underlying causes and associations remains limited.Objective:To identify the prevalence of factors that may be associated with the categories of Major neurocognitive disorders (Major NCDs) in Aboriginal people living in residential aged care facilities in Alice Springs in the Northern Territory (NT).Design and Setting:This descriptive cross-sectional study analysed clinical file and cognitive assessment data of participants who were identified as having cognitive impairment between January and June 2016.Method:Screening for the presence of cognitive impairment using the Kimberley Indigenous Cognitive Assessment (KICA) was undertaken and 58 of 84 Aboriginal people were admitted to the study. Using a clinical file audit, diagnoses of Major NCDs consistent with the DSM-5 classification were made and the prevalence of factors possibly associated with these diagnoses described.Results:Fifty of the 58 participants were diagnosed with a Major NCD. The most frequent diagnoses were Major NCD due to vascular disease (30%), Major NCD due to Alzheimer’s Disease (26%) and Major NCD due to brain injury (20%). Hypertension, Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and alcohol misuse were commonly reported together with hypothyroidism, hypoglycaemia and vitamin D deficiency.Conclusion(s):This study identified possible associations with Major NCDs in this population as well as a different spread of Major NCD diagnoses to previous studies in Aboriginal populations. There is a need for further research to understand the causes of dementia in Australian Aboriginal people and to use this information to appropriately tailor treatment and prevention programmes.

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Jackson, Melissa A., Amanda L. Brown, Amanda L. Baker, Gillian S. Gould e Adrian J. Dunlop. "The Incentives to Quit tobacco in Pregnancy (IQuiP) protocol: piloting a financial incentive-based smoking treatment for women attending substance use in pregnancy antenatal services". BMJ Open 9, n. 11 (novembre 2019): e032330. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2019-032330.

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IntroductionWhile tobacco smoking prevalence is falling in many western societies, it remains elevated among high-priority cohorts. Rates up to 95% have been reported in women whose pregnancy is complicated by other substance use. In this group, the potential for poor pregnancy outcomes and adverse physical and neurobiological fetal development are elevated by tobacco smoking. Unfortunately, few targeted and effective tobacco dependence treatments exist to assist cessation in this population. The study will trial an evidence-based, multicomponent tobacco smoking treatment tailored to pregnant women who use other substances. The intervention comprises financial incentives for biochemically verified abstinence, psychotherapy delivered by drug and alcohol counsellors, and nicotine replacement therapy. It will be piloted at three government-based, primary healthcare facilities in New South Wales (NSW) and Victoria, Australia. The study will assess the feasibility and acceptability of the treatment when integrated into routine antenatal care offered by substance use in pregnancy antenatal services.Methods and analysisThe study will use a single-arm design with pre–post comparisons. One hundred clients will be recruited from antenatal clinics with a substance use in pregnancy service. Women must be <33 weeks’ gestation, ≥16 years old and a current tobacco smoker. The primary outcomes are feasibility, assessed by recruitment and retention and the acceptability of addressing smoking among this population. Secondary outcomes include changes in smoking behaviours, the comparison of adverse maternal outcomes and neonatal characteristics to those of a historical control group, and a cost-consequence analysis of the intervention implementation.Ethics and disseminationProtocol approval was granted by Hunter New England Human Research Ethics Committee (Reference 17/04/12/4.05), with additional ethical approval sought from the Aboriginal Health and Medical Research Council of NSW (Reference 1249/17). Findings will be disseminated via academic conferences, peer-reviewed publications and social media.Trial registration numberAustralia New Zealand Clinical Trial Registry (Ref: ACTRN12618000576224).

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Chao, Jian-Kang, Mi-Chia Ma, Yen-Chin Lin, Han-Sun Chiang e Thomas I.-Sheng Hwang. "Study on Alcohol Dependence and Factors Related to Erectile Dysfunction Among Aborigines in Taiwan". American Journal of Men's Health 9, n. 3 (24 luglio 2014): 247–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1557988314543657.

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Relatively few studies have addressed the risk factors of erectile dysfunction (ED) in Taiwanese— most have described ED and medical problems in the general population. In this study, the cardiovascular risk factors of ED among aborigines in Taiwan were investigated. However, alcohol dependence (AD) was prevalent in Taiwan’s aborigine population. So this study also focused on the relationship among AD, the cardiovascular risk factors and ED. A cross-sectional study was conducted, and data was obtained from a baseline survey of 192 aboriginal adults (35-75 years of age). The participants’ demographic data, AD, markers of endothelial function, serum testosterone, and ED status were assessed. Ninety-four (49%) of the 192 participants had a history of alcoholism and 79 (84%) of those with alcoholism had ED. The study reported that AD and hyperlipidemia, metabolic syndrome (MetS), ED, abnormality of testosterone, and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein are highly prevalent among the aborigines. Factors that may affect ED included age, AD, central obesity, diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia, hypertension, MetS, and testosterone. ED is highly prevalent among aborigines with the risk factors of AD, MetS, old age, and abnormal testosterone serum level. MetS, atherosclerosis, and ED are risk factors for cardiovascular diseases. Hence, an increased focus on Taiwanese aborigines with ED is necessary.

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Chen, Wei J., E. W. Loh, Yun-Pung P. Hsu e Andrew T. A. Cheng. "Alcohol dehydrogenase and aldehyde dehydrogenase genotypes and alcoholism among Taiwanese aborigines". Biological Psychiatry 41, n. 6 (marzo 1997): 703–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0006-3223(96)00072-8.

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Quilty, Simon, Lisa Wood, Sophie Scrimgeour, Geordan Shannon, Elisha Sherman, Bruce Lake, Richard Budd, Paul Lawton e Mary Moloney. "Addressing Profound Disadvantages to Improve Indigenous Health and Reduce Hospitalisation: A Collaborative Community Program in Remote Northern Territory". International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, n. 22 (6 novembre 2019): 4306. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16224306.

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Background: Aboriginal people in rural and remote areas of the Northern Territory of Australia have suffered longstanding issues of homelessness and profound health and social inequities. The town and region of Katherine are particularly impacted by such inequities and have the highest rates of homelessness in Australia, composed almost entirely of Aboriginal people who represent 51% of the total population of 24,000 people. The region is serviced by a 60-bed hospital, and a small cohort of frequent attenders (FAs) represent 11% of the Emergency Department (ED) case load. The vast majority of FAs are Aboriginal and have very high burdens of social inequity and homelessness. FAs are a challenge to efficient and effective use of resources for most hospitals around the world, and investment in programs to address underlying social and chronic health issues contributing to frequent attendance have been demonstrated to be effective. Methods: These are the interim findings of a prospective cohort study using five sources of linked health and related data to evaluate a community-based case management pilot in a culturally competent framework to support frequent attenders to the Katherine Hospital ED. FAs were defined as people with six or more presentations in 12 preceding months. The intervention composed of a community-based case management program with a multi-agency service delivery addressing underlying vulnerabilities contributing to ED presentations. Results: Among this predominantly Aboriginal cohort (91%), there were high rates of homelessness (64%), food insecurity (60%) and alcohol misuse (64%), limited access to transport, and complex comorbidities (average of 2.8 chronic conditions per client). Following intervention, there was a statistically significant reduction in ED presentations (IRR 0.77, 95% CI 0.69–0.85), increased engagement with primary health care (IRR 1.90, 95% CI 1.78–2.03), and ambulance utilisation (IRR 1.21, 95% CI 1.07–1.38). Reductions in hospital admissions (IRR 0.93, 95% CI 0.77–1.10) and aeromedical retrievals (IRR 0.67, 95% CI 0.35–1.20) were not statistically significant. Conclusions: This study demonstrates the short-term impacts of community-led case management extending beyond the hospital setting, to address causes of recurrent ED presentations among people with complex social and medical backgrounds. Improving engagement with primary care is a particularly important outcome given the national impetus to reduce preventable hospital admissions.

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Tu, Hung-Pin, Albert Min-Shan Ko, Shang-Lun Chiang, Su-Shin Lee, Han-Ming Lai, Chia-Min Chung, Chung-Ming Huang et al. "Joint Effects of Alcohol Consumption and ABCG2 Q141K on Chronic Tophaceous Gout Risk". Journal of Rheumatology 41, n. 4 (15 febbraio 2014): 749–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.3899/jrheum.130870.

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Objective.To investigate the joint effects of alcohol consumption and ABCG2 gene variants on tophaceous gout occurrence.Methods.The V12M (rs2231137), Q126X (rs72552713), and Q141K (rs2231142) of the ABCG2 gene were genotyped among controls, nontophaceous, and tophaceous gout cases in Taiwanese Han (n = 446, 77, 177) and Taiwan Aborigines (n = 1105, 203, 330).Results.The missense variations V12M (C) and Q141K (T) significantly associated with tophaceous gout (p trend = 4.08 × 10−2, 9.00 × 10−12 in Han; 1.81 × 10−3, 9.34 × 10−10 in Aborigines). The nonsense variation Q126X (T) exerted a significant effect only in Han (p = 1.10 × 10−2), but not in Aborigines. In the prediction of tophaceous gout, the Q141K (T) OR were 1.51 in Han, 1.50 in Aborigines, and 1.55 (p = 7.84 × 10−5) in pooled analysis when compared to nontophaceous gout. We found the joint effects of alcohol consumption and Q141K (T/T) highly associated with tophaceous gout (adjusted OR ≥ 5.11; p ≤ 7.78 × 10−4); specifically the ever drinkers carrying the Q141K (T/T; adjusted OR 25.05, p = 9.21 × 10−4 in Han; adjusted OR 14.87, p = 1.08 × 10−8 in Aborigines).Conclusion.Our findings showed alcohol consumption and ABCG2 Q141K, independently and jointly, associated with the risk of chronic tophaceous gout.

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Hunter, Ernest. "Aboriginal Alcohol Use: A Review of Quantitative Studies". Journal of Drug Issues 22, n. 3 (luglio 1992): 713–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002204269202200317.

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In the first of two articles (see Brady in this issue) reviewing the field of Aboriginal alcohol use and misuse, the author describes tenacious stereotypes of Aboriginal drinking, and outlines problems that have until recently prevented the development of quantitative studies. The available research material indicates that while non-drinkers constitute a higher proportion of the surveyed populations, those Aborigines who are drinking are likely to be consuming alcohol at harmful levels. These findings, which are consistent with research on other indigenous groups in the Pacific and North America, are cause for concern, being associated with high levels of morbidity and mortality. The need for more systematic and reliable research, particularly longitudinal studies, is emphasised.

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Cheever, Audrey, e Jie Weiss. "Alcohol Use among Adolescents". Californian Journal of Health Promotion 7, n. 1 (1 settembre 2009): 86–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.32398/cjhp.v7i1.1323.

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Alcohol consumption is a major social problem throughout the US. This study seeks to identify the risk and protective factors associated with adolescent alcohol drinking by examining social psychological variables. Selected items from a baseline questionnaire for a two year drug prevention study were used to conduct bivariate and logistic regression analyses. Respondents (N=2787) were seventh graders in ten middle schools throughout Orange County. The results suggested that individuals with poor academic performance and a sensation seeking personality were the most likely to consume alcohol. Knowing the characteristics of those who are most likely to engage in alcohol use is a necessary step towards developing programs that aim to combat adolescent drinking.

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Gilbert, M. Jean. "Alcohol Use Among Latino Adolescents:". Drugs & Society 3, n. 1-2 (7 giugno 1989): 35–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j023v03n01_02.

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St John, Philip D., Wanda M. Snow e Suzanne L. Tyas. "Alcohol use among older adults". Reviews in Clinical Gerontology 20, n. 1 (febbraio 2010): 56–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0959259810000031.

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SummaryAlcohol use is common in older adults and is associated with numerous health and social problems. Recent evidence suggests that in addition to level of alcohol consumption, drinking pattern may also be important. Moderate alcohol intake may confer some cardiac benefits, while heavy episodic drinking seems particularly problematic. Detecting alcohol misuse in older adults is difficult since clinical acumen is often poor, screening questionnaires have serious limitations and laboratory tests are not diagnostic. Brief alcohol interventions to reduce alcohol consumption appear useful in younger populations, but are less studied in older adults. While there is increasing research into the issue of alcohol use among older adults, clinicians and policy-makers must rely on limited evidence when making clinical decisions.

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Erevik, Eilin K., Ståle Pallesen, Øystein Vedaa, Cecilie S. Andreassen e Torbjørn Torsheim. "Alcohol use among Norwegian students". Nordic Studies on Alcohol and Drugs 34, n. 5 (26 giugno 2017): 415–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1455072517709918.

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Aims: This study investigates demographic, personality, and psychological health correlates of different drinking patterns. Design: Students at the four largest institutions of higher education in Bergen municipality were invited via email to complete an internet-based questionnaire. The final sample size was 11,236 (39.4%), mean age 24.9 years ( SD = 6.5), and 63.3% were women. The survey included the Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test (AUDIT) and questions about demographics, personality traits, and symptoms of depression and anxiety. Binary logistic regressions were used to identify correlates of different drinking patterns. Results: A total of 53.0% of the students had an AUDIT score of or above 8 (i.e., hazardous drinking). Being native Norwegian, male, single, without children, non-religious, extroverted, unconscientious, and less open to experience were associated with higher AUDIT scores, drinking frequently, and binge drinking. Having parents with high alcohol or drug use increased the odds of engaging in binge drinking, but this factor was not associated with frequent drinking. Students scoring higher on neuroticism and openness were less likely to report problematic alcohol usage. Conclusions: A majority of the students reported alcohol habits that are associated with harm if they persist. This emphasises the need to examine the long-term consequences of students’ alcohol use.

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Tarter, Ralph E., Levent Kirisci e Duncan B. Clark. "Alcohol Use Disorder among Adolescents". Alcoholism: Clinical & Experimental Research 21, n. 1 (febbraio 1997): 171. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000374-199702000-00024.

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While, Alison. "Alcohol use among older people". British Journal of Community Nursing 18, n. 9 (settembre 2013): 468. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/bjcn.2013.18.9.468.

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Colon, Edgar. "Alcohol Use Among Latino Males". Alcoholism Treatment Quarterly 16, n. 1-2 (20 febbraio 1998): 147–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j020v16n01_09.

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Sorocco, Kristen H., e Sean W. Ferrell. "Alcohol Use Among Older Adults". Journal of General Psychology 133, n. 4 (ottobre 2006): 453–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.3200/genp.133.4.453-467.

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Colwall, Claira, Maria Morgan e Patricia Ea. "Alcohol use among displaced teenagers". Journal of Adolescent Health 12, n. 2 (marzo 1991): 171. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0197-0070(91)90503-e.

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Martens, Matthew P., Kristen Dams-O'Connor, Christy Duffy-Paiement e Justin T. Gibson. "Perceived alcohol use among friends and alcohol consumption among college athletes." Psychology of Addictive Behaviors 20, n. 2 (2006): 178–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0893-164x.20.2.178.

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Cawte, J. E. "Kava : A Challenge to Alcohol?" Aboriginal Child at School 15, n. 2 (maggio 1987): 41–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0310582200014851.

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Kava has been introduced into Aboriginal communities in Northern Australia. Persons from Yirrkala in North East Arnhem Land visiting the South Pacific region on study tours have been impressed by their welcome in Kava bowl ceremonies, and some of them hoped that the Aborigines might use Kava instead of alcohol.In 1983 many Aboriginal people in Arnhem Land used Kava, and much more was used in 1984. By 1985 it became a social epidemic or ‘craze’ in many communities. Rings of people of both sexes and of all ages often sit together under trees around Kava bowls for many hours. They may drink up to a hundred times the amount normally drunk in the Pacific Islands by the same number of people in the same time.

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