Bibliografie tematiche / Agroecosystem

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Letteratura scientifica selezionata sul tema "Agroecosystem"

Autore: Grafiati
Pubblicato: 4 giugno 2021
Ultima modifica: 9 marzo 2023

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Articoli di riviste sul tema "Agroecosystem"

1

Srivastava, Rajani, e K. P. Singh. "Diversity in Weed Phenological Pattern and Seed Rain in Dryland and Irrigated Agroecosystems of Indian Dry Tropics". INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PLANT AND ENVIRONMENT 4, n. 01 (31 gennaio 2018): 10–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.18811/ijpen.v4i01.11610.

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Abstract (sommario):
This study was carried out to compare the diversity in weed phenological events, seed production and seed rain in a dryland and an irrigated agroecosystems of Indian dry tropics. Diverse weed phenological patterns were noted in dryland and irrigated agroecosystems. During winter season, in dryland agroecosystem, dominant weeds like Anagallis arvensis, Chenopodium album and Phalaris minor showed approximately one month early germination and vegetative stage compared to irrigated agroecosystem for same species. The annual flower, fruit and seed production were higher in the dryland agroecosystem (344-351, 219-238 and 365-397 x 103 m-2, respectively) compared to irrigated agroecosystem (211-237, 132-142 and 252-261 x 103 m-2, respectively). The estimated annual seed rain by all species in the dryland agroecosystem (102-112 × 103 m−2) significantly exceeded (P less than 0.05) the seed rain in the irrigated agroecosystem (73−80 × 103 m−2) during both annual cycles. The difference was more marked during the winter season, when more than 3 fold the number of seeds were collected in seed rain during the dryland agroecosystem. There was strong positive correlation between seed production and seed rain, showing the dependency of seed rain (mostly dominated by annual species) on seed production in agroecosystems. Two different agricultural practices that continued for more 50 years on same type of land have cause changes in weed phenological pattern. Greater seed production, seed rain, and longer seed formation period indicate an adaptive mechanism of weed seeds in the dryland agroecosystem.
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Tkachuk, Oleksandr, e Sergiy Vdovenko. "WATER CONSUMPTION BY AGROECOSYSTEMS OF LEGUMINOUS PERENNIAL GRASSES DEPENDING ON VEGETATION YEARS". Agriculture and Forestry, n. 1 (23 marzo 2021): 195–210. http://dx.doi.org/10.37128/2707-5826-2021-15.

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At the end of the growing season of the first year of life of perennial legumes, the highest soil moisture - 27.45% was observed in the agroecosystem of alfalfa, and the lowest - 24.14% - in the agroecosystem of the horned lily. The coefficient of water use by agroecosystems of legumes of perennial grasses in the first year of their growing season was 455.1-1738.0. The smallest coefficient of water use was in the agroecosystem of the white melilot, and the highest in the eastern goat's rue. At the end of the growing season of perennial legumes of the second year of life, soil moisture in agroecosystems was 11.67-17.00%. It was the largest in the agroecosystem of white melilot, which forms only one cut in the middle of summer in the second year of its life and then dies off, and the smallest in the agroecosystem of sandy sainfoin. The coefficient of water use by agroecosystems of perennial legumes in the second year of vegetation was 429.2-696.7. It was the smallest in the agroecosystem of white melilot, and in perennial legumes that grow by autumn - in the agroecosystem of sandy sainfoin, and the highest was in horned beetle. By the end of the third year of the growing season of perennial legumes, soil moisture had been 18.00-23.11%. It was the largest in the agroecosystem of sandy sainfoin, and the smallest in the horned sainfoin. The coefficient of water use by agroecosystems of leguminous perennial grasses for the third year of growing season was 484.0-619.6. The smallest was in the agroecosystem of the sandy sainfoin, and the largest was the horned sainfoin. At the end of the fourth year of the growing season of perennial legumes, soil moisture was valued in 22.60-25.07%. It was the largest in the agroecosystem of sandy sainfoin, and the smallest in alfalfa. The coefficient of water use by agroecosystems of perennial legumes in the fourth year of their growing season was 489.3-1130.7. Less moisture is used for the formation of a unit of dry matter by the agroecosystems of sainfoin, the coefficient of water use of the agroecosystem of alfalfa is higher by 13.4%. The agroecosystem of Lyadvenets horned had the highest coefficient of water use - 2.3 times more than in the agroecosystem of sainfoin. In conditions of the greenhouse effect, in particular, with an increase in air temperature, an increase in moisture evaporation from the soil and a decrease in the amount of atmospheric precipitation, it is necessary to grow herbs that consume moisture most economically and have the lowest water consumption coefficient: the first year of growing season - white melilot - 455.1; second year - white sweet clover - 429.2 and sandy sainfoin - 472.1; the third year - sandy sainfoin - 484.0 and alfalfa - 510.3; the fourth year - sandy sainfoin - 489.3. When using perennial legumes as precursors of winter crops, it is necessary to use those species that leave behind the largest reserve of moisture in the soil: in the second year of growing season - white sweet clover - 57.6 mm in a 30-cm soil layer; the third year - sandy sainfoin - 81.1 mm; the fourth year - sandy sainfoin - 88.7 mm in a 30-cm soil layer and eastern goat's rue - 84.8 mm.
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Augstburger, Horacio, Johanna Jacobi, Gudrun Schwilch e Stephan Rist. "Agroecosystem Service Capacity Index – A methodological approach". Landscape Online 64 (31 dicembre 2018): 1–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.3097/lo.201864.

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Abstract (sommario):
ustainable food systems (FS) require providing food and other goods and services to humans satisfying food security, right to food, income, social justice and resilience, without degrading human health and hiving high environmental performance. The environmental performance of FS can be evaluated using Life Cycle Assessment. However, research on the impact that FS activities, e.g. crop production have on the capacity of farm-based agroecosystems to provide goods and services to humans is still incipient. Our underlying aim was to understand how FS impact on the provision of agroecosystem services and how this relates to the environmental performance of FS, as a basis for supporting decision-making on how to make FS more sustainable. We propose the Agroecosystem Service Capacity (ASC) as a method for assessing farmbased agroecosystem services, it builds on the Ecosystem Service Matrix by Burkhard et al. (2009) and assesses land cover classes against 20 agroecosystem services. The method was applied to eighteen farmbased agroecosystems in Bolivia and Kenya. Here we present two examples for exploring its potentials and limitations. The ASC operates on the basis of land cover class units and permits the calculation of an aggregate ASC-index for farm-based agroecosystems forming part of a specific FS.
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Wang, Gang, Dongsheng Guan, Qiuping Zhang, Mervin Richard Peart, Xiao Ling, Yujuan Chen e Zhu Yuanwei. "Assessment of Changes in Agroecosystem Health in Guangzhou, China". Journal of Environmental Science and Management 22, n. 1 (25 settembre 2019): 20–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.47125/jesam/2019_1/03.

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Abstract (sommario):
Agroecosystem health refers to the extent to which a healthy agroecosystem can meet socioeconomic and biophysical needs of all residents over time. According to the attempts at assessing agroecosystem health, agroecosystem health depends on both functional and structural characteristics at regional level. However, both functional and structural characteristics have been altered from their natural state by industrialization and urbanization. Thus, this study reports a system-based assessment index to evaluate the health statue of agroecosystem in Guangzhou, South China. Agroecosystem health index (AHI) of Guangzhou decreased from 0.78 in 2000 to 0.71 in 2010. It indicated that this agroecosystem was at relatively healthy state. However, functions of both cultural service and economic sustainable development were not successful as they represented ‘worst’ and ‘sub-healthy’, respectively. With the decreased values between 0.7 and 0.9, the other indices also revealed the need for caution. Particularly, both habitat structure index and provisioning service index exhibited well defined declines during this study period. This study suggests that AHI can be potentially employed to monitor the temporal change in agroecosystem health status, although AHI has some certain limitations and needs further improvement for the complexity of agroecosystems.
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Prawito, Priyono, Impetus Hasada Windu Sitorus, Zainal Muktamar, Bandi Hermawan e Welly Herman. "Soil Properties Variability Under Various Agroecosystems In Ultisols Of Bengkulu". TERRA : Journal of Land Restoration 4, n. 2 (18 dicembre 2021): 53–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.31186/terra.4.2.53-59.

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Understanding the relation of agroecosystem types, ages, and soil properties are vital in maintaining good quality soil. This study aims to explore the variation of selected soil properties with agroecosystem types and ages. The research has been conducted in North Bengkulu, Indonesia. Soil properties on agroecosystems of 5-yr, 10-yr, 15-yr oil palm plantation, 5-yr, 10-yr, 15-yr rubber plantation, food cropland, and scrubland were evaluated. The study found that soil in oil palm and rubber plantations of any age have a similar texture, bulk density (BD), and actual soil moisture (ASM). All plantation agroecosystems and scrubland have higher clay and lower silt content than that in food cropland. In addition, the scrubland has the highest ASM content among the agroecosystems. On the other hand, both agroecosystems enhances soil chemical properties than food cropland and scrubland as indicated by the improvement of organic-C, total-N, available P, exchangeable K and CEC of Ultisols. Older plantation also provides higher soil chemical improvement than younger one. This finding is significant for management of sub optimal soil mainly Ultisols for oil palm and rubber plantation.
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Wittwer, Raphaël A., S. Franz Bender, Kyle Hartman, Sofia Hydbom, Ruy A. A. Lima, Viviana Loaiza, Thomas Nemecek et al. "Organic and conservation agriculture promote ecosystem multifunctionality". Science Advances 7, n. 34 (agosto 2021): eabg6995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abg6995.

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Ecosystems provide multiple services to humans. However, agricultural systems are usually evaluated on their productivity and economic performance, and a systematic and quantitative assessment of the multifunctionality of agroecosystems including environmental services is missing. Using a long-term farming system experiment, we evaluated and compared the agronomic, economic, and ecological performance of the most widespread arable cropping systems in Europe: organic, conservation, and conventional agriculture. We analyzed 43 agroecosystem properties and determined overall agroecosystem multifunctionality. We show that organic and conservation agriculture promoted ecosystem multifunctionality, especially by enhancing regulating and supporting services, including biodiversity preservation, soil and water quality, and climate mitigation. In contrast, conventional cropping showed reduced multifunctionality but delivered highest yield. Organic production resulted in higher economic performance, thanks to higher product prices and additional support payments. Our results demonstrate that different cropping systems provide opposing services, enforcing the productivity–environmental protection dilemma for agroecosystem functioning.
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Barberi, Paolo. "Functional Biodiversity in Organic Systems: The Way Forward?" Sustainable Agriculture Research 4, n. 3 (18 giugno 2015): 26. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/sar.v4n3p26.

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<p>Trends in EU agricultural policies recognize an increasingly important role to biodiversity conservation and use in agroecosystems, including organic ones. However, along with their economic success, organic systems are facing a risk of ‘conventionalization’, i.e. the prevalence of input substitution over agroecologically-based crop management. Understanding what is functional agrobiodiversity and when it can be successfully applied in organics may help strengthen the recognition of organic farming as the reference management system for agricultural sustainability. Here functional agrobiodiversity is defined as a subset of total biodiversity identified at the gene, species or habitat level able to deliver a given agroecosystem service, which extent increases with diversity in the functional group. Different functional agrobiodiversity categories are identified, compared to biofunctionality, and used to illustrate the mechanisms through which they can support agroecosystem services and consequently sustainability. Three case studies taken from the author’s own research are used as examples to illustrate functional agrobiodiversity’s potential in organic systems as well as open questions. Results show that (i) functional agrobiodiversity has potential to support agroecosystem services but it is not possible to generalize the effects; (ii) a given functional biodiversity element may create conflicts between different target agroecosystem services. In those cases, prioritization of services is required.</p>
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Riwukore, Jefirstson Richset, Asnath Maria Fuah, Luki Abdullah, Rudy Priyanto, Ahmad Yani, Bagus Priyo Purwanto e Fellyanus Habaora. "Profile of Farmers Based Feed Management and Animal Health of Bali Cattle in Agroecosystem Variation at Timor Island". Buletin Peternakan 45, n. 2 (31 maggio 2021): 129. http://dx.doi.org/10.21059/buletinpeternak.v45i2.49417.

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The research objective was to determine the profile of smallholder farms based on the aspects of feed management and animal health in different agro-ecosystems on Timor Island. The research was carried out for 6 months, from June to December 2018. The research location was determined by purposive sampling, namely (1) pasture agroecosystem in District of Belu, Malaka, and Timor Tengah Utara, (2) agricultural agroecosystem in Kupang Regency and Kupang City, (3) plantation agroecosystems in Kupang Regency, and (4) forest agroecosystems in District of Timor Tengah Selatan. The purposive stratified proportional sampling method was used to determine the number of samples according to the Slovin formula at an error probability of 0.05 (5%) so that the sampling of respondents was 436 people. Types of data used are primary and secondary data with data methods by observation, interviews (questionnaires), and documentation. Descriptive quantitative data analysis described in a narrative manner. The results showed that for the aspect of feed management, feed preservation was only done by some farmers, with the highest to lowest percentage of actors being plantation agroecosystems (12.8%), agriculture, (5.9%), pasture (1.6%) and forest (0%). Whereas in the aspect of livestock health, the highest to lowest vaccination implementers were carried out in agricultural agroecosystems (98.0%) followed by plantations (92.2%), pasture (66.9%) and forests (44.8%).
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Marnisah, Luis, Jefirstson Richset Riwukore, Fellyanus Habaora, Asnath Maria Fuah, Luki Abdullah, Rudy Priyanto, Ahmad Yani e Bagus Priyo Purwanto. "Perception of Bali cattle farmers on the performance of Extensionist based on agroecosystems at Timor Island". Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Peternakan 32, n. 2 (1 agosto 2022): 218–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.21776/ub.jiip.2022.032.02.08.

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This research aims to determine the perception of farmers on the performance of Extensionist in the agroecosystems of pasture, agriculture, plantation, and forest at Timor Island, so that it can be information for improving the performance of extension workers who have an impact on repair the welfare of farmers. This research was conducted from January to December 2018. The research location was determined purposively representing the agroecosystem of pasture, agriculture, plantation and forest. The determination of respondents are 5-10% of the number of farmers in each agroecosystem that has > 10 Bali cattle. Data collection methods are done through observation, interviews, and documentation. Data processing method uses a Likert Scale, then analyzed decriptivelly. Indicators to measure the performance of livestock Extensionist based on Extensionist profile, materials and methods, procurement of activities, availability of teaching aids, and intensity of extension activities. The results showed that farmers' perceptions at agroecosystems of pasture, agriculture, plantation, and forest toward livestock extensionist in the category agreed that the existence of extensionist could be said well in aspects of Extensionist profile, materials and methods, and procurement of activities. This condition explains that Extensionist in carrying out his duties and functions in the field in accordance with existing standards, namely as a mediator, motivator, educator, communicator, facilitator, and assistance/visits. Nevertheless, it is very necessary to improve and repair the role of Extensionist related to competence so that it can influence farmers to be more productive in developing Bali cattle farming business them. Then Bali cattle farmers in the pasture agroecosystem with the highest value of the use of teaching aids by extensionist were 2 kinds (44,0%). Then the average farmers in agricultural agroecosystems with the highest value of the use of teaching aids by extensionist is 1 kind (40,2%). Next, the average of farmers in plantation agroecosystems with the highest value of using teaching aids by Extensionist are > 2 kinds (47,9%). While the average farmers in forest agroecosystems with the highest value of the use of teaching aids by Extensionist is 1 kind (>77,3%). While the intensity of extension activities during the past year shows that the average farmers in agroecosystems of pasture (70,7%), agriculture (59,8%), plantations (50,0%), and forests (68,2%) said more from 1 time.
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Hoy, Casey W. "Agroecosystem health, agroecosystem resilience, and food security". Journal of Environmental Studies and Sciences 5, n. 4 (23 settembre 2015): 623–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13412-015-0322-0.

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Tesi sul tema "Agroecosystem"

1

Belcher, Kenneth Ward. "Agroecosystem sustainability, an integrated modeling approach". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape7/PQDD_0023/NQ37872.pdf.

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Šarapatka, Bořivoj. "Phosphatase activities (ACP, ALP) in agroecosystem soils /". Uppsala : Dept. of Ecology and Crop Production Science, Swedish Univ. of Agricultural Sciences, 2003. http://epsilon.slu.se/a396.pdf.

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Seman-Varner, Rachel Nicole. "The role of cover crops in agroecosystem functioning". Diss., Virginia Tech, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/83232.

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Abstract (sommario):
Current interest in cover cropping is focused on enhancing ecosystem services beyond soil conservation. Cover crop (CC) species function uniquely in their effects on ecosystem services when grown in monoculture or mixtures. This research integrated field experiments and a literature synthesis to evaluate the role of cover crops in improving nitrogen (N) management and simultaneously providing multiple ecosystem services. Legume CC fertilized with poultry litter (PL) could replace 101 to 117 kg N ha-1 of fertilizer in corn (Zea mays L.) production. Rye (Secale cereale L.) CC fertilized with PL had a negligible effect on corn production. Biculture fertilizer equivalence ranged between -12 to +75 kg N ha-1. Fertilizer equivalence of legume-containing treatments increased across time. Without CC, fall-applied PL failed to supply N to corn. Ecosystem services of CC and PL illustrate complex species functions. Bicultures produced more total biomass than monocultures in year 1 but less than rye in year 2. Bicultures were as effective in suppressing weeds as rye, produced corn yield similar to legume, and by the second year had similar amounts of available soil N as the legume. Poultry litter effects and interspecific effects cover crop species biomass differed. Rye yield increased, while legume yield decreased slightly in biculture. Poultry litter increased legume N content and a decrease in legume C:N, while rye N content and C:N were unaffected. The synthesis corroborates that mixed and biculture cover crops yield more than the individual component species. Overyielding was transgressive in 60% of cases studied. Mixture effects varied by species: rye and brassica yield increased, while legume decreased in mixtures. The effect of mixed CC on crop yields varied by crop species and management practices, though generally crops increased 8 to 18% overall. This work can be applied to the design of complex CC and PL systems that optimize individual species functions to enhance ecosystem services.
Ph. D.
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Xu, Wei. "Agricultural land use change in relation to agroecosystem health". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/nq27473.pdf.

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Paisley-Jones, Claire E. "Monitoring Agroecosystem Biodiversity Using Bioacoustics and Remote Recording Units". The Ohio State University, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1316534540.

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Okey, Brian W. "Toward agroecosystem health, assessment of biodiversity in contrasting agricultural landscapes". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/NQ35808.pdf.

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MacLean, Richard Havelock. "The effect of alley cropping on an upland rice agroecosystem". Thesis, McGill University, 1992. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=41035.

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If upland rice production is to be sustained on sloping land, soil erosion and fertility decline must be addressed. Where soil profiles are deep, hedgerows of Gliricidia sepium and Cassia spectabilis, planted on the contour, reduce soil erosion by promoting terrace formation and overcome fertility depletion by providing nutrient rich biomass. G. sepium and C. spectabilis established by seed survived better than by cuttings. Although increased hedgerow biomass was initially obtained when both species were intercropped, intense competition was observed in established hedgerows. Consequently, mixing both species at high planting density is not recommended as C. spectabilis, a non-fixing legume, may deplete soil-N reserves. In acid soils, biomass production of G. sepium was significantly increased when lime (6 t/ha) was applied. On 18 to 30% slopes, upland rice and maize production improved along fertility and moisture gradients. Rice yields were increased when biomass of G. sepium was incorporated into the soil, up to an optimum level equivalent to 40 kg N/ha. Mulching C. spectabilis increased maize productivity during the drought prone second season. Competition was observed at the hedgerow-crop interface particularly at the upper one as a result of terracing. Although green manuring increased crop yield, broadleaf weeds, seedling maggot, stemborer and blast also increased. Strategies to manage hedgerow biomass that minimize these problems need to be developed.
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Romo, Cecilia Marie. "Climate-induced changes to multi-trophic interactions in an agroecosystem". Thesis, University of Canterbury. Biological Sciences, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/6937.

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Our earth is currently undergoing unprecedented human induced climate change, which is expected to drive widespread changes in species distributions and abundances that will affect natural pest suppression. Recent studies have suggested that climate change may cause changes to predator and herbivore assemblages in ways that alter multi-trophic food webs and affect the stability of ecosystems. Moreover, higher temperatures and increased climatic variability are expected to induce differential responses from predators and their prey that will undoubtedly disrupt species interactions. This thesis aims to test how climate change will impact the ability of natural enemies to continue to control pests in agroecosystems, and how they will continue to survive and function. In a field experiment using 13 farm sites across a natural temperature gradient, I found that temperature had direct positive effects on the abundances of the dominant parasitoid (an aphid specialist) and hyperparasitoid species, highlighting the importance of specific species responses in shaping larger communities. I also found that overall community composition was affected by temperature, with composition in warmer sites changing more throughout the season than cooler sites. In a future of inevitable climatic changes this result tells us we can expect arthropod community structure to change, which will have questionable impacts on overall population dynamics. To build on the field experiments, I used laboratory experiments to test differential responses of species to both drought and temperature and found that natural enemies responded to drought and temperature in a non-additive way, suggesting that the interaction between various climate change drivers is more important than their singular effect. Also, different species of natural enemies responded differently to abiotic factors, highlighting the importance of conserving natural enemies that can maintain important functional attributes in the face of climate change. Although biodiversity can be important for ensuring ecosystem functioning, response diversity, rather than species richness, may better promote ecosystem resilience, especially in the face of changing climate. The mechanisms underlying biodiversity effects are often difficult to disentangle, however, by manipulating the diversity of climate responses exhibited by ecosystem service providers, I tested how the rates and stability of prey suppression by predators are affected by climate warming and drought. I found that predator combinations with different individual responses to climate change maintained greater and less variable (i.e. more stable) prey suppression, compared with single predator species or combinations of predators with similar climate responses. This response complementarity became strongest through time and under drought or high temperature treatments. I suggest that response complementarity provides ‘insurance’ effects, which may be more important than previously envisaged for maintaining ecosystem functions such as biological control under global environmental change. Overall, the non-additive effects of different climate drivers, combined with differing responses across trophic levels, suggests that predicting future pest outbreaks will be more challenging than previously imagined.
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LANDINEZ, TORRES ANGELA YANETH. "Soil mycobiota in agroecosystem: influence of land use and management". Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Pavia, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11571/1214841.

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The present work investigated the biodiversity of soil fungi of agricultural areas differently managed by means of new generation sequencing technologies – NGS. The main object of this research was the analysis of the fungal biota in the Colombian soils, especially that of the upper Andean agro-environment. The study area was located in the region of Boyacá between 2800 and 3200 m asl. and characterized by different form of soil appropriation (apple and peach orchards, 10-year-old wood, and uncultivated grass field). Moreover, a case study has been analysed in Italy where metagenomic of soil micobiota was pictured in a production farm, in three plots differently managed in terms of fertilization, pesticide and tillage application: conventional, organic, no-tillage. Chapter I represents the general introduction of the thesis. Chapter II focuses on the practices of soil appropriation in the indigenous and urban Colombian contexts, both from biologically and socio-culturally point of view. The southern region of Colombian Amazon was taken into consideration, since this region constitutes an important model for the traditional utilization of natural resources and a fundamental basis for the definition of strategies for ecosystem management. In Chapter III the focus is on the mycological knowledge of Colombian soils based on data published in scientific research papers. Published data on diversity of native soil microfungi reported for the different natural regions of Colombia were analysed and compared. Some of the most relevant aspects of the country's mycological diversity are discussed and the most frequently registered species and genera, as well as the references for each of them, are presented. In Chapter IV the soil mycobiota in the Colombian High-Andean agro-environment is assessed through high-throughput sequencing technology. The chapter depicts the entire soil fungal community from qualitative and quantitative point of view in areas with different land use. The bootstrap-based clustering analysis highlighted that different land use strongly influences the soil mycobiota: the uncultivated and cultivated areas are characterized by abundant presence of some exclusive species. Differences in fungal species composition is consistent with the clustering analysis on higher taxonomic hierarchical level composition. Chapter V reports data collected in a case study planned in the Italian agro-environment context. The results showed that various agricultural management practices and seasonality influence the composition of the soil mycological community in agroecosystems, through a metagenomic picture. Metagenomic analyses show that the highest richness indices correspond to soils under organic production systems, while the non-tillage system showed the most divergent communities, with their own composition, prevalence and seasonal trends. Finally, the Chapter VI represents a sort of perspective for those areas subjected to conventional management and strongly polluted by pesticides that could be remediated and led towards a sustainable agriculture. The usefulness of soil fungi as key tools for the sustainable bioremediation of chemical pesticides in the soil is discussed as a strategy for the recovery of the quality of degraded agricultural soils. The results of this study provide insight into the complexity of micobiota of managed soils under different farming systems, with the ultimate goal of better understanding the multiple mechanisms governing soil quality and to develop an environmentally sound management that improves production, allowing the maintenance of ecosystem diversity and the wellness of human communities linked.
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Kiem, Rita. "Characterization of refractory soil organic matter in long-term agroecosystem experiments". [S.l. : s.n.], 2002. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=967132630.

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Libri sul tema "Agroecosystem"

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Kumar, Vivek, Manoj Kumar, Shivesh Sharma e Ram Prasad, a cura di. Probiotics in Agroecosystem. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-4059-7.

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Westfall, Dwayne G. Sustainable dryland agroecosystem management. Fort Collins, Colo.]: Colorado State University, Agriculture Experiment Station, Dept. of Soil and Crop Sciences, 2004.

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Velu, Rajesh Kannan, a cura di. Microbiological Research In Agroecosystem Management. India: Springer India, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-1087-0.

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Maheshwari, Dinesh K., a cura di. Bacterial Metabolites in Sustainable Agroecosystem. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-24654-3.

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Agroecosystem sustainability: Developing practical strategies. Boca Raton, Fla: CRC Press, 2001.

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1940-, Peterson Gary, Colorado Agricultural Experiment Station, Colorado State University. Dept. of Soil and Crop Sciences., United States. Great Plains Systems Research Unit. e Colorado State University. Dept. of Bioagrocultural Sciences and Pest Management., a cura di. 2001 sustainable dryland agroecosystem management. Fort Collins, Colo: Colorado Agricultural Experiment Station, Dept. of Soil and Crop Sciences, Dept. of Bioagricultural Sciences and Pest Management, Colorado State University, 2001.

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1940-, Peterson Gary, Colorado Agricultural Experiment Station e United States. Great Plains Systems Research Unit., a cura di. 1994 sustainable dryland agroecosystem management. Fort Collins, Colo: Colorado State University, Agriculture Experiment Station, Dept. of Soil and Crop Sciences, 1994.

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Neave, Peter. Agroecosystem biodiversity indicator: Habitat component. Ottawa: Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 1998.

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1940-, Peterson Gary, Colorado Agricultural Experiment Station, Colorado State University. Dept. of Soil and Crop Sciences., United States. Great Plains Systems Research Unit. e Colorado State University. Dept. of Bioagrocultural Sciences and Pest Management., a cura di. 2000 sustainable dryland agroecosystem management. Fort Collins, Colo: Colorado State University, Agriculture Experiment Station, Dept. of Soil and Crop Sciences : Dept. of Bioagricultural Sciences and Pest Management, 2000.

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Campbell, C. L. Agroecosystem pilot field program plan - 1992. Washington, D.C: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, 1994.

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Capitoli di libri sul tema "Agroecosystem"

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Wojtkowski, Paul. "Agroecosystem Design". In Agroecology, 15–31. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-93209-5_2.

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Gliessman, Stephen R., V. Ernesto Méndez, Victor M. Izzo, Eric W. Engles e Andrew Gerlicz. "Agroecosystem diversity". In Agroecology, 183–201. 4a ed. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003304043-16.

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Gliessman, Stephen R., V. Ernesto Méndez, Victor M. Izzo, Eric W. Engles e Andrew Gerlicz. "The agroecosystem concept". In Agroecology, 37–48. 4a ed. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003304043-4.

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Yiridoe, Emmanuel K. "Integrated Agroecosystem Management". In Introduction to Agroecology, 301–11. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-8836-5_21.

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Tamosiune, Inga, Danas Baniulis e Vidmantas Stanys. "Role of Endophytic Bacteria in Stress Tolerance of Agricultural Plants: Diversity of Microorganisms and Molecular Mechanisms". In Probiotics in Agroecosystem, 1–29. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-4059-7_1.

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Varjani, Sunita J., e Khushboo V. Singh. "Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria and Its Role in Sustainable Agriculture". In Probiotics in Agroecosystem, 195–206. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-4059-7_10.

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Aarab, Saida, Francisco Javier Ollero, Manuel Megias, Amin Laglaoui, Mohammed Bakkali e Abdelhay Arakrak. "Simultaneous P-Solubilizing and Biocontrol Activity of Rhizobacteria Isolated from Rice Rhizosphere Soil". In Probiotics in Agroecosystem, 207–15. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-4059-7_11.

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Awodun, Moses, Segun Oladele e Adebayo Adeyemo. "Efficient Nutrient Use and Plant Probiotic Microbes Interaction". In Probiotics in Agroecosystem, 217–32. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-4059-7_12.

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López-Mondéjar, Rubén, Martin Kostovčík, Salvador Lladó, Lorena Carro e Paula García-Fraile. "Exploring the Plant Microbiome Through Multi-omics Approaches". In Probiotics in Agroecosystem, 233–68. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-4059-7_13.

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Gosal, Satwant Kaur, e Jupinder Kaur. "Microbial Inoculants: A Novel Approach for Better Plant Microbiome Interactions". In Probiotics in Agroecosystem, 269–89. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-4059-7_14.

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Atti di convegni sul tema "Agroecosystem"

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Cisková, Petra. "Agroekosystémové služby na Slovensku". In XXIII. mezinárodní kolokvium o regionálních vědách / 23rd International Colloquium on Regional Sciences. Brno: Masaryk University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5817/cz.muni.p210-9610-2020-71.

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There are ecosystems in the soil that provide us with various services and functions that are irreplaceable for the human being. The soil value does not depend only on its economic benefits. The soil provides us with a variety of ecological functions that are essential for the stable environment in which we live. The aim of the paper is to assess the ability of agroecosystems to provide selected ecosystem services in the Slovak Republic. Based on selected indicators, we assess the current level of provisioning, regulating and cultural services provided by agroecosystems. Based on the assessment of the potential of agroecosystem services we create 6 indices. The main result of the paper is that the soil with high quality and potential of provisioning services in Slovakia provides a higher potential of regulating services such as water storage capacity, erosion, soil cleaning. In contrast, soil with a lower quality have a higher cultural and recreational potential.
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Purnawanto, Agus Mulyadi. "The Roles of Earthworms in Agroecosystem". In 2018 3rd International Conference on Education, Sports, Arts and Management Engineering (ICESAME 2018). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/amca-18.2018.194.

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NOVIKOVA, Anastasija, Lucia ROCCHI e Vlada VITUNSKIENĖ. "CONSUMERS’ WILLINGNESS TO PAY FOR AGROECOSYSTEM SERVICES IN LITHUANIA: FIRST RESULTS FROM A CHOICE EXPERIMENT PILOT SURVEY". In Rural Development 2015. Aleksandras Stulginskis University, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.15544/rd.2015.113.

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The paper focuses on the presentation of the construction of the research path for eliciting willingness to pay for agroecosystem services through choice experiments in Lithuania. This paper reports on use of a survey-based choice modelling method where repetitive choice situations about alternatives of agri-environmental schemes are created, for revealing how inhabitants of Lithuania value public goods, created in agroecosystems (wildlife populations, quality of drinking water and the formation and improvement of agricultural landscape); the attitudes of the residents of Lithuania concerning the maintenance of these environmental services in the countryside; to elicit Lithuanian households' WTP and the demand for abovementioned services. Two pilot surveys were implemented between 2015 June – July in order to test and improve the choice experiment questionnaire. The result of these surveys showed that the questionnaire is accepted and well understood by the respondents. The results of the modelling shows that all the attribute coefficients are significant and the signs are as expected, positive for the environmental attributes and negative for the price attribute; moreover the model fits well and could be used for the massive survey.
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GOLUB, Gennadii, Savelii KUKHARETS, Yaroslav YAROSH e Oksana ZAVADSKA. "DIVERSIFIED PRODUCTION AND BIOENERGY CONVERSION FOR RURAL DEVELOPMENT". In RURAL DEVELOPMENT. Aleksandras Stulginskis University, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.15544/rd.2017.186.

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The mechanical and technological grounds for the formalization of agroecosystem structure have been substantiated in the research. The paper presents the simulation model of an agroecosystem functioning based on growing of winter wheat, maize for silage as well as of grain, winter rape, oats, sugar beets and perennial herbs. The model anticipates the production of pork, beef, fish, chicken, milk, eggs, oil, sugar and honey as well as growing of mushrooms and production of compost. Besides, the given model anticipates the production of diesel biofuel and bioethanol in the amount necessary for providing mobile machines with power, as well as the production of biogas for receiving heat and electricity. The model suggests using the updated equipment for the production of bioenergy resources.
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Bo Li, Hualin Xie, Jianzhai Wu, Rui Hong, Jie Chong e Chuangsheng Wang. "Study on the agroecosystem health assessment in Western China". In 2007 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium. IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/igarss.2007.4422921.

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Baker, Kathleen M., e Ricardo Nogueira. "Climate variability and the daily agroecosystem forecasting accuracy plateau". In 2012 First International Conference on Agro-Geoinformatics. IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/agro-geoinformatics.2012.6311677.

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Rosada, Ida, Nurliani e Farizah Dhaifina Amran. "Local Wisdom in Supporting Food Security of Coastal Agroecosystem". In International Conference on Engineering, Technology and Social Science (ICONETOS 2020). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.210421.006.

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Fatkullin, Rinat R., Evgeniya M. Ermolova, Vladimir I. Kosilov, Yuliya V. Matrosova e Svetlana A. Chulichkova. "Biochemical Status of Animal Organism Under Conditions of Technogenic Agroecosystem". In International scientific and practical conference "AgroSMART - Smart solutions for agriculture" (AgroSMART 2018). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/agrosmart-18.2018.35.

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Pavuk, Daniel M. "Influences of agroecosystem edge plant communities on insect community structure". In 2016 International Congress of Entomology. Entomological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/ice.2016.114946.

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Yang, Rong, e Yongzhong Su. "Groundwater Nitrate Contamination in an Agroecosystem in Zhangye Oasis, Northwest China". In 2009 3rd International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedical Engineering (iCBBE 2009). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icbbe.2009.5162894.

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Rapporti di organizzazioni sul tema "Agroecosystem"

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Olson, G., R. Breckenridge e G. Wiersma. Assessment of federal databases to evaluate agroecosystem productivity. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), febbraio 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/7025760.

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DeLucia, Evan, H. Genomic Regulation of the Response of an Agroecosystem to Elements of Global Change. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), giugno 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1015619.

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Timothy J. Griffis e John M. Baker. Technical Report: Impacts of Land Management and Climate on Agroecosystem Greenhouse Gas Exchange in the Upper Midwest United States. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), luglio 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/953624.

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Castellano, Mike J., Abraham G. Shaviv, Raphael Linker e Matt Liebman. Improving nitrogen availability indicators by emphasizing correlations between gross nitrogen mineralization and the quality and quantity of labile soil organic matter fractions. United States Department of Agriculture, gennaio 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2012.7597926.bard.

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A major goal in Israeli and U.S. agroecosystems is to maximize nitrogen availability to crops while minimizing nitrogen losses to air and water resources. This goal has presented a significant challenge to global agronomists and scientists because crops require large inputs of nitrogen (N) fertilizer to maximize yield, but N fertilizers are easily lost to surrounding ecosystems where they contribute to water pollution and greenhouse gas concentrations. Determination of the optimum N fertilizer input is complex because the amount of N produced from soil organic matter varies with time, space and management. Indicators of soil N availability may help to guide requirements for N fertilizer inputs and are increasingly viewed as indicators of soil health To address these challenges and improve N availability indicators, project 4550 “Improving nitrogen availability indicators by emphasizing correlations between gross nitrogen mineralization and the quality and quantity of labile organic matter fractions” addressed the following objectives: Link the quantity and quality of labile soil organic matter fractions to indicators of soil fertility and environmental quality including: i) laboratory potential net N mineralization ii) in situ gross N mineralization iii) in situ N accumulation on ion exchange resins iv) crop uptake of N from mineralized soil organic matter sources (non-fertilizer N), and v) soil nitrate pool size. Evaluate and compare the potential for hot water extractable organic matter (HWEOM) and particulate organic matter quantity and quality to characterize soil N dynamics in biophysically variable Israeli and U.S. agroecosystems that are managed with different N fertility sources. Ultimately, we sought to determine if nitrogen availability indicators are the same for i) gross vs. potential net N mineralization processes, ii) diverse agroecosystems (Israel vs. US) and, iii) management strategies (organic vs. inorganic N fertility sources). Nitrogen availability indicators significantly differed for gross vs. potential N mineralization processes. These results highlight that different mechanisms control each process. Although most research on N availability indicators focuses on potential net N mineralization, new research highlights that gross N mineralization may better reflect plant N availability. Results from this project identify the use of ion exchange resin (IERs) beads as a potential technical advance to improve N mineralization assays and predictors of N availability. The IERs mimic the rhizosphere by protecting mineralized N from loss and immobilization. As a result, the IERs may save time and money by providing a measurement of N mineralization that is more similar to the costly and time consuming measurement of gross N mineralization. In further search of more accurate and cost-effective predictors of N dynamics, Excitation- Emission Matrix (EEM) spectroscopy analysis of HWEOM solution has the potential to provide reliable indicators for changes in HWEOM over time. These results demonstrated that conventional methods of labile soil organic matter quantity (HWEOM) coupled with new analyses (EEM) may be used to obtain more detailed information about N dynamics. Across Israeli and US soils with organic and inorganic based N fertility sources, multiple linear regression models were developed to predict gross and potential N mineralization. The use of N availability indicators is increasing as they are incorporated into soil health assessments and agroecosystem models that guide N inputs. Results from this project suggest that some soil variables can universally predict these important ecosystem process across diverse soils, climate and agronomic management. BARD Report - Project4550 Page 2 of 249
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Suhartono, Suhartono, Agoes Soegianto e Achmad Amzeri. Mapping of land potentially for maize plant in Madura Island-Indonesia using remote sensing data and geographic information systems (GIS). EM International, novembre 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.21107/amzeri.2020.1.

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Maize productivity in Indonesia was still low (5.241 tons/ha) compared to the average of the ten largest maize producing countries in the world (6.179 tons/ha). The potential for maize on the island of Madura is approximately 360,000 hectares. The potential for maize cultivation in Madura continues to decrease in land quality due to improper land clearing and land-use change. The purpose of this research was to make a map of land suitability for maize using Remote Sensing Data and Geographic Information System (GIS). The land suitability method for maize plants used satellite imagery as a data source, supported by fieldwork and secondary data. Data analysis using Geographic Information Systems (GIS). The results of the analysis of land suitability modeling based on agroecosystem potential found that most of the Madura area was suitable for maize cultivation. Madura island had a land area of 456,622.3ha for maize cultivation, where 170.379.5 (15.4%) was very appropriate, 211.412.3 ha (46.3%) was appropriate, 160,098.6 (35.1%) was less appropriate, and 14,732.0 ha (3.2%) was not appropriate.
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Verma, Shashi B., Kenneth G. Cassman, Timothy J. Arkebauer, Kenneth G. Hubbard, Johannes M. Knops e Andrew E. Suyker. Carbon Sequestration in Dryland and Irrigated Agroecosystems: Quantification at Different Scales for Improved Prediction. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), settembre 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1050841.

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Amanor, Kojo, Joseph Yaro e Joseph Teye. Long-Term Change, Commercialisation of Cocoa Farming, and Agroecosystems and Forest Rehabilitation in Ghana. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), febbraio 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/apra.2022.002.

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Cocoa production has a long history in Ghana, originating in the late nineteenth century. Since then, cocoa production has seen significant changes. Originally, cocoa was cultivated in newly cleared forests in which many forest trees were preserved as shade trees. Cocoa is ideally suited to these conditions and produces high yields with minimum investment in labour and inputs. However, over time, as the forest conditions change, the cost of cultivating cocoa has increased and yields have declined. As long as new forest frontiers exist, farmers have continued to move into these areas, which have displaced older areas of cultivation, since the costs of production are significantly lower in the new frontiers. In recent years, however, new forest frontiers have declined and most cocoa farmers have been forced to rehabilitate and replant cocoa in open land. This study examines the rational of frontier development; changes in land relations, labour relations and use of technology; and the impact of these factors on different categories of farmers, including women and youth. This is developed through two comparative case studies drawn from the older cocoa frontier of the Eastern Region, and the more recent frontier of Western North Region.
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Pinder, J. E. III, K. W. McLeod, D. C. Adriano, J. C. Corey e A. L. Boni. Atmospheric deposition, resuspension and root uptake of plutonium in corn and other grain-producing agroecosystems near a nuclear fuel facility. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), gennaio 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/5535542.

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Pinder, J. E. III, K. W. McLeod, D. C. Adriano, J. C. Corey e A. L. Boni. Atmospheric deposition, resuspension and root uptake of plutonium in corn and other grain-producing agroecosystems near a nuclear fuel facility. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), dicembre 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10130673.

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S. W. Leavitt, A. D. Matthias, T. L. Thompson e R. A. Rauschkolb. Soil carbon storage and N{sub 2}O emissions from wheat agroecosystems as affected by free-air CO{sub 2} enrichment (FACE) and nitrogen treatments. Final Report - February 12, 1999. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), febbraio 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/765300.

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