Articoli di riviste: "Agricultural valorization"

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Nacua, Zhylannie, e Gina Lacang. "Valorization of Agricultural Wastes to Offset Greenhouse Gases (GHGs) Emissions: An Insight in Southeast Asia". Journal of Environmental & Earth Sciences 6, n. 2 (19 giugno 2024): 87–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.30564/jees.v6i2.6562.

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This paper aims to review and synthesize the existing literature on agricultural waste valorization in the Southeast Asian (SEA) region, with a focus on its potential to offset greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. The SEA region generates abundant agricultural wastes from major commodity crops, such as: rice, palm oil, sugarcane, coconut, and corn, which present opportunities for valorization. The review found that countries like Indonesia, Malaysia, and Thailand have conducted several studies on agricultural waste valorization, exploring pathways such as bioenergy, value-added products, and soil amendments. However, only a few studies exist for some countries with high residue valorization potential, such as Vietnam and the Philippines. The reviewed literature showed a relationship between agricultural waste valorization and emissions that could contribute to air pollution, but no direct association was established with the associated GHG emissions. The abundance of agricultural residues across SEA presents opportunities for valorization to offset GHG emissions. However, effective valorization is hindered by challenges like open burning practices, logistical issues, and a lack of sustainable waste management strategies. This review highlights the need for further research to establish the direct relationship between agricultural waste valorization and GHG emissions reduction in the SEA region.

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Andreu-Rodriguez, Javier, Eva Medina, M. Teresa Ferrandez-Garcia, Manuel Ferrandez-Villena, Clara Eugenia Ferrandez-Garcia, Concepción Paredes, M. Angeles Bustamante e Joaquín Moreno-Caselles. "Agricultural and Industrial Valorization ofArundo donaxL." Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis 44, n. 1-4 (gennaio 2013): 598–609. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00103624.2013.745363.

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Gancone, Agita, Jelena Pubule e Dagnija Blumberga. "Valorization Methodology for Agriculture Sector Climate Change Mitigation Measures". Environmental and Climate Technologies 25, n. 1 (1 gennaio 2021): 944–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/rtuect-2021-0071.

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Abstract Agriculture sector holds an essential role in Latvia’s economy and play significant role in keeping rural areas as a habitable environment (approximately 32 % of the population lives in rural areas). The agricultural sector is responsible for 28.5 % (2018) of total non-European Union Emissions Trading System (non – EU ETS) greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in Latvia. The largest part of emissions is related to agricultural soils (59.3 %) and enteric fermentation 32.6 % (mainly dairy and beef cattle). The GHG emissions trend of recent years shows a gradual and steady increase in GHG emissions for example between 2005 and 2018 +12.5 % and during the period 2013–2018 emissions increased by 2.12 %. According to Latvia’s National Energy and Climate Plan 2021–2030 (NECP), total GHG emissions in the agricultural sector are expected to increase in the period from 2020 to 2030, mainly in the enteric fermentation and agricultural soil categories. To achieve determined targets for Latvia’s non-EU ETS sector in 2030 and be on track to reach climate neutrality in 2050, the agricultural sector has to contribute to GHG emission mitigation. For the agricultural sector, improved food security and climate smart activities will be necessary to achieve GHG emission reduction. Existing policies and measures (WEM) as well as those which are included in the NECP as additional measures (WAM) were used to assess more suitable measures to move on climate smart agriculture (CSA), that could help to decrease GHG emissions at the farm and state level as well as is expected to contribute towards achieving the commitments in the plan. To achieve the aim of the study, a combination of the Delphi method together with multi-criteria analysis (MCA) is utilized to find a set of top GHG mitigation measures in the future. Results show that, in the future, the measure support the development of innovative technologies and solutions to promote resource efficiency in agriculture is essential to move on climate smart agriculture.

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Puglia, Debora, Daniela Pezzolla, Giovanni Gigliotti, Luigi Torre, Maria Luce Bartucca e Daniele Del Buono. "The Opportunity of Valorizing Agricultural Waste, Through Its Conversion into Biostimulants, Biofertilizers, and Biopolymers". Sustainability 13, n. 5 (3 marzo 2021): 2710. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13052710.

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The problems arising from the limited availability of natural resources and the impact of certain anthropogenic activities on the environment must be addressed as soon as possible. To meet this challenge, it is necessary, among other things, to reconsider and redesign agricultural systems to find more sustainable and environmentally friendly solutions, paying specific attention to waste from agriculture. Indeed, the transition to a more sustainable and circular economy should also involve the effective valorization of agricultural waste, which should be seen as an excellent opportunity to obtain valuable materials. For the reasons mentioned above, this review reports and discusses updated studies dealing with the valorization of agricultural waste, through its conversion into materials to be applied to crops and soil. In particular, this review highlights the opportunity to obtain plant biostimulants, biofertilizers, and biopolymers from agricultural waste. This approach can decrease the impact of waste on the environment, allow the replacement and reduction in the use of synthetic compounds in agriculture, and facilitate the transition to a sustainable circular economy.

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G, Ginni, Kavitha S, Yukesh Kannah R, Shashi Kant Bhatia, Adish Kumar S, Rajkumar M, Gopalakrishnan Kumar, Arivalagan Pugazhendhi, Nguyen Thuy Lan Chi e Rajesh Banu J. "Valorization of agricultural residues: Different biorefinery routes". Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering 9, n. 4 (agosto 2021): 105435. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jece.2021.105435.

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Awogbemi, Omojola, e Daramy Vandi Von Kallon. "Valorization of agricultural wastes for biofuel applications". Heliyon 8, n. 10 (ottobre 2022): e11117. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e11117.

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Meisel, Kathleen, Andreas Clemens, Christoph Fühner, Marc Breulmann, Stefan Majer e Daniela Thrän. "Comparative Life Cycle Assessment of HTC Concepts Valorizing Sewage Sludge for Energetic and Agricultural Use". Energies 12, n. 5 (26 febbraio 2019): 786. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12050786.

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In many countries, sewage sludge is directly used for energy and agricultural purposes after dewatering or digestion and dewatering. In recent years, there has been a growing interest in additional upstream hydrothermal carbonization (HTC), which could lead to higher yields in the energetic and agricultural use. Twelve energetic and agricultural valorization concepts of sewage sludge are defined and assessed for Germany to investigate whether the integration of HTC will have a positive effect on the greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. The study shows that the higher expenses within the HTC process cannot be compensated by additional energy production and agricultural yields. However, the optimization of the HTC process chain through integrated sewage sludge digestion and process water recirculation leads to significant reductions in GHG emissions of the HTC concepts. Subsequently, nearly the same results can be achieved when compared to the direct energetic use of sewage sludge; in the agricultural valorization, the optimized HTC concept would be even the best concept if the direct use of sewage sludge will no longer be permitted in Germany from 2029/2032. Nevertheless, the agricultural valorization concepts are not generally advantageous when compared to the energetic valorization concepts, as it is shown for two concepts.

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COVACI, Brîndușa, Marian CONSTANTIN, Radu BREJEA e Mihai COVACI. "STATISTICAL ANALYSIS ON VALORIZATION THE ROMANIAN LIVESTOCK FROM THE MOUNTAIN REGIONS". Annals of the Academy of Romanian Scientists Series on Agriculture Silviculture and Veterinary Medicine 11, n. 2 (2022): 43–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.56082/annalsarsciagr.2022.2.43.

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The paper develops a descriptive analysis (ANOVA) and forecasting regarding cattle, sheep, goats and pigs in Romania. The data simulated in SPSS, taken from Eurostat, show that these numbers will continue to decrease considerably, both in the Bucharest-Ilfov region and in the Romanian mountain regions. The general situation of mountain agriculture shows similar trends to Romanian agriculture. At the national level, the arable surface has been reduced in stages in the last three decades, a decrease mainly due to the change of extensive agricultural methods (grazing, spontaneous flora) with intensive ones (stable, controlled flora). Following the national agricultural trend, mountain agriculture after 1990 changed its structure and dimensions (such as cattle, production and mountain producers, mountain entrepreneurship, etc.). Some aspects remained quantitatively unchanged, such as the large number of individual holdings and the high share of agricultural land use. In this context, public and private entities must act jointly for the valorization of mountain ecosystems by controlling the pollution caused by the numerous individual exploitations. The mountain ecosystems in the Romanian area influence the national agricultural productivity, valuing the mountain product at the highest levels. Whether it is alpine meadow ecosystems, including coniferous forests and interpenetration zones between high and mid-mountains, low-mountain ecosystems, or high- and mid-hill ecosystems, the ultimate goal of pollution reduction research and action must be the same, respectively protecting the mountain area.

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Blasi, Alessandro, Alessandra Verardi, Catia Giovanna Lopresto, Sarah Siciliano e Paola Sangiorgio. "Lignocellulosic Agricultural Waste Valorization to Obtain Valuable Products: An Overview". Recycling 8, n. 4 (20 luglio 2023): 61. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/recycling8040061.

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The sustainable management of lignocellulosic agricultural waste has gained significant attention due to its potential for the production of valuable products. This paper provides an extensive overview of the valorization strategies employed to convert lignocellulosic agricultural waste into economically and environmentally valuable products. The manuscript examines the conversion routes employed for the production of valuable products from lignocellulosic agricultural waste. These include the production of biofuels, such as bioethanol and biodiesel, via biochemical and thermochemical processes. Additionally, the synthesis of platform chemicals, such as furfural, levulinic acid, and xylose, is explored, which serve as building blocks for the manufacturing of polymers, resins, and other high-value chemicals. Moreover, this overview highlights the potential of lignocellulosic agricultural waste in generating bio-based materials, including bio-based composites, bio-based plastics, and bio-based adsorbents. The utilization of lignocellulosic waste as feedstock for the production of enzymes, organic acids, and bioactive compounds is also discussed. The challenges and opportunities associated with lignocellulosic agricultural waste valorization are addressed, encompassing technological, economic, and environmental aspects. Overall, this paper provides a comprehensive overview of the valorization potential of lignocellulosic agricultural waste, highlighting its significance in transitioning towards a sustainable and circular bioeconomy. The insights presented here aim to inspire further research and development in the field of lignocellulosic waste valorization, fostering innovative approaches and promoting the utilization of this abundant resource for the production of valuable products.

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Ranaivoson S. L. O., Rakotomamonjy P., Razafindramanga A. W, Razafimahefa M.V, Razafindrakoto N.R.F., Letsara R., Andriatsilavo M.H., Koto-te-Nyiwa Ngbolua e Robijaona Rahelivololoniaina B. "Valorization of Agricultural Waste into Ecological Coal in the Region of Vakinankaratra". Britain International of Exact Sciences (BIoEx) Journal 5, n. 2 (19 aprile 2023): 89–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.33258/bioex.v5i2.879.

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Ecological charcoal is coal produced from biodegradable residues rich in carbon, mainly from agricultural residues. This charcoal has been obtained with different operations such as carbonization, molding and compacting to obtain briquettes. To ensure the quality of the coal, several analyses were carried out in the laboratories. The physicochemical characteristics such as moisture content, ash content, fixed carbon content; volatile matter index and lower calorific value are analyzed to better exploit their uses. Its exploitation has many advantages especially in the field of health and environment, especially for the reduction of deforestation and air pollution. This research gives 5 varieties of ecological coal obtained by the valorization of agricultural waste in the region of Vakinankaratra, a region located in the highlands of Madagascar and known for its high potentiality in agriculture and livestock. It is about the valorization of rice straw, rice husk, corn straw, banana peelings, and soybean stalks.

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Filipe, Susana, Paulo Mira Mourão, Nazaré Couto e Davide Tranchida. "Towards a Sustainable Future: Advancing an Integrated Approach for the Recycling and Valorization of Agricultural Plastics". Polymers 15, n. 23 (25 novembre 2023): 4529. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym15234529.

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Plastic pollution has become a pressing environmental issue. The agricultural sector, in particular, is a significant contributor to this problem, given the widespread use of plastics in farming practices and a lack of and/or use of inefficient approaches for the recycling and valorization of agricultural plastic waste. This has resulted in the accumulation of these residues in landfills and/or their improper disposal, which has exacerbated their environmental impact, leading to negative consequences on soil, water, and ecosystems. This work provides an overview on the current methodologies available to address the challenges associated with inadequate management of agricultural plastics and highlights the need for a comprehensive and systematic methodology, involving material development, polymer processing, waste collection, sorting, and valorization. It emphasizes the importance of collaboration between polymer producers, polymer manufacturers, farmers, policymakers, waste management companies, and recyclers to develop effective, technical, and economically viable recycling and valorization schemes. This paper addresses gaps and provides guidance on possible solutions, specifically polymer development, policy instruments, regulatory frameworks, collection schemes, and the technical approaches required for the adequate valorization of agricultural plastic waste. Furthermore, it highlights the associated barriers and benefits of the different presented approaches. It also aims to promote awareness on agricultural plastic waste and provide guidance on the best approaches to reduce its environmental impact.

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Chen, Huayi, Shuang Gao, Yongtao Li, Hui-Juan Xu, Wenyan Li, Jinjin Wang e Yulong Zhang. "Valorization of Livestock Keratin Waste: Application in Agricultural Fields". International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, n. 11 (30 maggio 2022): 6681. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19116681.

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Livestock keratin waste is a rich source of protein. However, the unique structure of livestock keratin waste makes its valorization a great challenge. This paper reviews the main methods for the valorization of livestock keratin waste, which include chemical, biological, and other novel methods, and summarizes the main agricultural applications of keratin-based material. Livestock keratin waste is mainly used as animal feed and fertilizer. However, it has promising potential for biosorbents and in other fields. In the future, researchers should focus on the biological extraction and carbonization methods of processing and keratin-based biosorbents for the soil remediation of farmland.

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Massari, Saverio Francesco. "Agribusinesses and Agroenergy: A Model of Change in Agriculture". EU agrarian Law 3, n. 1 (8 luglio 2014): 4–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/eual-2014-0001.

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Abstract (EN) Energy production through biomass valorization seems to find favor with the most recent energy policies: in order to reach a sustainable balance between production and energy use the agriculture seems to play an important role. The use of biomass for energy valorization, indeed, could be further increased and meets different needs: it alleviates energy dependence, propels the technological innovation of companies and rural areas, and promotes the multifunctional nature of modern agriculture. Nevertheless these dynamics generate a debate about the use of agricultural lands and crops for energy purpose and, finally, the same concept of agribusiness seem to be under evolution: a summary about the Italian legislative scenario on the agribusiness's concept shows how relations between energy and agriculture is extending the traditional scope and definitions of agribusiness and possible criticisms arising.

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Reay, Brendon. "Agriculture, Writing, and Cato's Aristocratic Self-Fashioning". Classical Antiquity 24, n. 2 (1 ottobre 2005): 331–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/ca.2005.24.2.331.

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Abstract This article investigates the interplay of agriculture and writing in the elder Cato's aristocratic self-fashioning (both his individual self-representation, that is, and his construction of aristocracy more broadly). I argue that the De Agricultura represents Cato and his contemporaries as individual, small-plot farmers by making explicit the agricultural inflection of a more general masterly extensibility, i.e., that slaves were prosthetic tools with which owners accomplished various tasks, a move that in turn reveals the ubiquitous, assiduous ““labor”” of the individual owner. The preface's valorization of small-plot farmers, past and present, contextualizes the owner's ““labor”” both culturally and historically (the one by means of the other), and thereby seeks to bridge the agricultural and temporal divide that separates Cato and his contemporaries from their esteemed predecessors.

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Banhoro, Abdoulazize, Rasmata Nana, Mahamadi Hamed Ouedraogo e Mahamadou Sawadogo. "Valorization of Research and Scientific Innovation Results as Factor of Sustainable Development of African Agriculture: the Example of Burkina Faso". Afrika Focus 32, n. 2 (27 febbraio 2019): 7–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/2031356x-03202002.

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During the 1980s, many development partners in Africa were preoccupied by the application of research results to agricultural development. In Burkina Faso, this awareness led to set structures and mechanisms for the promotion of research results. From the synthesis of critical analyses of the valorization system, it appears that the valorization concept is polysemous. In addition, there has been strong evolution in the mechanisms for promoting research results, development has also been hampered by certain shortcomings. Thus we propose, as a main track for a successful valorization policy, the creation of start-ups constituted of young professionals who possess skills that are specific and complementary. Young university-educated professionals are equipped to understand the new technologies of production and agricultural transformation. With an effective management plan the start-ups they represent could foster an effective application of research results, to improve food security and enhance the competitiveness of Burkina’s agricultural products on international markets.

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Tropea, Alessia. "Food Waste Valorization". Fermentation 8, n. 4 (6 aprile 2022): 168. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fermentation8040168.

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During the industrial processing of agricultural or animal products, large amounts of waste are produced. These wastes, generated in large amounts throughout the seasons of the year, can be considered the most abundant renewable resources on earth. Due to the large availability and richness in components of these raw materials, there is a great interest in their reuse, both from an economical and environmental point of view. This economical interest is based on the fact that a high quantity of such wastes could be used as low-cost raw materials for the production of new value-added compounds, with a further production cost reduction. The environmental concern is derived from their composition, especially the agro-industrial wastes that can contain potentially toxic compounds, which may cause deterioration of the environment when uncontrolled wastes are either burned, left on the soil to decay naturally, or buried underground. Moreover, these materials exhibit both high biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) values and give rise to serious pollution problems if not properly discarded. Recycling and transformation of food wastes represent a great opportunity in supporting sustainable development by their conversion into value-added products through the fermentation process.

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Jiménez, Luis, e Alejandro Rodríguez. "Valorization of Agricultural Residues by Fractionation of their Components". Open Agriculture Journal 4, n. 1 (31 dicembre 2010): 125–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874331501004010125.

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The combined production of the most abundant agricultural residues in Spain (viz. cereal straw, sunflower stalks, vine shoots, cotton stalks, olive, orange and peach tree prunings, and horticultural and related residues) amounts to over 50 million tons per year, more than 20% of which is generated by Andalusia alone. Agricultural residues must be disposed of for various reasons including the facts that they promote contamination and pest growth, occupy large expanses of land and hinder agricultural work. Ideally, the disposal method used should allow their major components (cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin) or their chemical potential energy to be exploited. Agricultural residues can be valorized by converting their components jointly (combustion, pyrolysis, gasification, liquefaction) or separately (fractionation). The most useful method for exploiting such components separately involves isolating cellulose fibres for papermaking purposes. In recent times, this valorization method has led to the development of the biorefining concept. Biorefining involves the fractionation or separation of the different lignocellulosic components of agricultural residues with a view to their integral exploitation rather than the mere use of cellulose fibre to obtain paper products. Biorefining replaces the classical pulping methods based on Kraft, sulphite and soda reagents with a hydrothermal treatment followed by organosolv pulping. The hydrothermal treatment provides a liquid phase containing hemicellulose decomposition products [both oligomers and monomers (glucose, xylose, arabinose)] and a solid phase rich in cellulose and lignin. By contrast, the organosolv process gives a solid fraction (pulp) and a residual liquid fraction containing lignin and other useful substances for various purposes.

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Rajović, Goran. "Morphology and Opportunities Agricultural Valorization: The Case Northeastern Montenegro". International Letters of Social and Humanistic Sciences 11 (settembre 2013): 35–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.18052/www.scipress.com/ilshs.11.35.

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Morphology northeastern Montenegro in terms of agricultural valuation is not wells understood. Therefore, the paper discusses the morph metric analysis of the relief: hypsometric structure, the structure of the slope and exposure. Based on morphological characteristics of relief, we selected the observed geographic space, morphological entities with different benefits and limitations for agricultural development.

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Piras, Francesco, Yulian Pan, Antonio Santoro, Beatrice Fiore, Qingwen Min, Xuan Guo e Mauro Agnoletti. "Agro-Silvo-Pastoral Heritage Conservation and Valorization—A Comparative Analysis of the Chinese Nationally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems and of the Italian Register of Historical Rural Landscapes". Land 13, n. 7 (4 luglio 2024): 988. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land13070988.

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Agricultural heritage systems are receiving increasing attention due to their multifunctional role, their capability to provide ecosystem services, and for representing sustainable development models for rural areas. At the international level, the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of the United Nations launched in 2002 the Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems (GIAHS) Program to identify and safeguard traditional agro-silvo-pastoral systems that are the result of the adaptation of rural communities to the surrounding environments. Following this approach, similar national programs have been developed, among which the Italian National Register of Historical Rural Landscapes and the China Nationally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems (China-NIAHS) initiative stand out. This research compares the China-NIAHS initiative and the Italian Register of Historical Rural Landscapes, highlighting similarities and differences and identifying strengths and weaknesses, to contribute to the development of proper tools for the conservation and valorization of agricultural heritage systems. Both initiatives were established in 2012 and share similar aims and inscription criteria, including historical and current significance, knowledge system and social structure, economic and productive framework, and causes of vulnerability. The main differences are related to the delimitation of the boundaries of the proposed sites and to the inscription process; in addition, while for the Italian National Register spatial analyses of land-use changes and landscape structure are mandatory according to a precise methodology, for the China-NIAHS no specific landscape analyses are required. The main critical issues are the lack of public participation and the lack of a monitoring plan after the inscription. The absence of monitoring is also the main vulnerability of the FAO GIAHS Programme. This research can offer important information for different stakeholders at the international, national, and local levels dealing with agricultural heritage conservation and valorization. In particular, it highlights the need of developing a multidisciplinary monitoring system with a standard methodology based on different indicators that can contribute to maximizing the impact of these initiatives. This research also provides useful information for the countries that are interested in developing a national initiative for agricultural heritage systems’ identification and valorization/conservation or for countries that intend to improve their national programs.

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Sahraoui, Afaf, Adil Sahraoui, Fatima-Zahra Mekaoui e Mohammed Ouhssine. "Heavy metal characterization of dewatered sludge from the Kenitra wastewater treatment plant (Morocco) for agricultural use". E3S Web of Conferences 489 (2024): 03001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202448903001.

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The wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) of the city of Kenitra treats urban wastewater, this said treatment produces significant quantities of dehydrated sludge which are then placed in the public dump. The valorization of the dehydrated sludge of the WWTP-Kenitra became a priority, seen the enormous quantities produced of their complex and heterogeneous composition. Objective: It is in this present work which aims at following the fate of the dehydrated sludge of the WWTP-Kenitra after their dehydration as well as their characterization by the analysis of the heavy metals in order to study the possibility of their valorization with one of the dies answering the protection of the environment. Results: The results of the analyses of the composition of the dehydrated sludge in Metallic Traces Element is in conformity with the standards AFNOR and the directive 86/278/CEE of the European Commission and does not reflect any danger in their use for the agriculture. Conclusion: The valorization of the sludge of the WWTP of the city of Kenitra is encouraged.

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Izydorczyk, Grzegorz, Katarzyna Mikula, Dawid Skrzypczak, Krzystof Trzaska, Konstantinos Moustakas, Anna Witek-Krowiak e Katarzyna Chojnacka. "Agricultural and non-agricultural directions of bio-based sewage sludge valorization by chemical conditioning". Environmental Science and Pollution Research 28, n. 35 (19 luglio 2021): 47725–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-15293-4.

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AbstractThis literature review outlines the most important—agricultural and non-agricultural—types of sewage sludge management. The potential of waste sludge protein hydrolysates obtained by chemical sludge conditioning was reported. The discussed areas include acidic and alkaline hydrolysis, lime conditioning, polyelectrolyte dewatering and other supporting techniques such as ultrasounds, microwave or thermal methods. The legislative aspects related to the indication of the development method and admission to various applications based on specified criteria were discussed. Particular attention was devoted to the legally regulated content of toxic elements: cadmium, lead, nickel, mercury, chromium and microelements that may be toxic: copper and zinc. Various methods of extracting valuable proteins from sewage sludge have been proposed: chemical, physical and enzymatic. While developing the process concept, you need to consider extraction efficiency (time, temperature, humidity, pH), drainage efficiency of post-extraction residues and directions of their management. The final process optimization is crucial. Despite the development of assumptions for various technologies, excess sewage sludge remains a big problem for sewage treatment plants. The high costs of enzymatic hydrolysis, thermal hydrolysis and ultrasonic methods and the need for a neutralizing agent in acid solubilization limit the rapid implementation of these processes in industrial practice. Graphical abstract

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Monlau, F., C. Sambusiti, E. Ficara, A. Aboulkas, A. Barakat e H. Carrère. "New opportunities for agricultural digestate valorization: current situation and perspectives". Energy & Environmental Science 8, n. 9 (2015): 2600–2621. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5ee01633a.

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In the agricultural sector of many European countries, biogas production through anaerobic digestion (AD) is becoming a very fast-growing market necessitating to find novel valorizations routes for digestate.

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del Río, José C. "Editorial- Valorization of Agroforest Crops for Biomass Utilization". Open Agriculture Journal 4, n. 1 (31 dicembre 2010): 85–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874331501004010085.

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There is a growing need to consider alternative agricultural strategies that move an agricultural industry focused on food production to one that also supplies the needs of other industrial sectors, such as paper, textiles, biofuels or added-value chemicals, in the context of the so-called lignocellulose biorefinery. Biorefineries use renewable raw materials to produce energy together with a wide range of everyday commodities in an economic manner. Decreasing our dependency on fossil fuel reserves and boosting rural development are important goals of modern society. Biorefineries are therefore seen as a very promising route to meeting our aims for sustained prosperity and preserving the environment. Renewable sources of energy and products are required for sustainable development of our society in the near future. Plant biomass is the main source of renewable materials in Earth and represents a potential source of renewable energy and biobased products. Biomass is available in high amounts at very low cost (as forest, agricultural or industrial lignocellulosic wastes and cultures) and could be a widely available and inexpensive source for biofuels and bioproducts in the near future. This special issue of The Open Agriculture Journal is devoted to the “Valorization of agroforest crops for biomass utilization” and provides a comprehensive description of the current state-of-the-art in the whole fields of lignocellulose biorefineries, including studies on different feedstocks (plant biomass, agro-industrial residues, energy crops or new industrial crops), technologies for biomass deconstruction and fractionation (i.e. alkaline pulping, organosolv fractionation), and products (i.e. biofuels, composite building materials, lignin, paper pulp and other industrial products). Different papers by internationally recognized experts have been collected for this special issue and report various aspects of biomass utilization and valorization. Among them, the paper by Díaz et al. evaluates different fast-growing species (paulownia, tagasaste, giant reed, leucaena and sesbania) according to their biomass productivity, chemical composition and the chemical characteristics of the liquids obtained after an autohydrolysis treatment. The study confirms the feasibility of the nonisothermal autohydrolysis treatment process for the selected species to yield sugar oligomers and hemicellulosic sugar. The paper by Marques et al., on the other hand, reported the detailed chemical composition of several non-woody plant fibers (bast fibers from flax, hemp, kenaf, jute; leaf fibers from sisal, abaca and curaua; and giant reed), which are used as raw materials for pulp and papermaking, with especial emphasis in the chemistry of lipids and lignin and their fate during alkaline pulping. This study offers valuable information that will lead to a better industrial utilization of these non-woody plant species of high socioeconomic interest. Likewise, the paper by Villaverde et al. provided a review of the chemistry of another interesting crop, Miscanthus x giganteus, as a source of biobased products (i.e. paper pulp) through organosolv fractionation. Organosolv processes have demonstrated their effectiveness as fractionation treatments, therefore special emphasis was placed by the authors on these systems and, in particular, in those using carboxylic acids, such as the Acetosolv, Formosolv and Milox processes. Similarly, the paper by Gullón et al. provided an excellent review of selected process alternatives for biomass refining. Special attention was devoted to biorefinery schemes dealing with the fractionation of lignocellulosic raw materials by chemical treatments. The potential of hydrothermal treatments as the first stage of future biorefineries is discussed. Special attention was also paid to the low-volume, high-added value products that can be solubilized by this type of technology. In the same way, the paper by da Silva and Curvelo reported the acetone-water delignification of Eucalyptus urograndis, a process that also fits perfectly with the biomass biorefinery approach, and obtained high selectivity at the beginning of the pulping process. On the other hand, agricultural residues, which are usually disposed, have major components (cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin) that can also be exploited for production of bioenergy or bioproducts. In this sense, the paper by Jiménez and Rodríguez studied the valorization of agricultural residues by fractionation of their components. The authors review the different possibilities of biomass fractionation by hydrothermal treatments as well as by organosolv delignification. Alternative and novel uses of biomass products are also reported in this special issue. Although an excellent bio-fuel, however, new uses of lignin in more high-value-added products might be more attractive and profitable. Thus, the paper by Gellerstedt et al. focused on the production of carbon fibers from lignin into the wood-based biorefinery concept. Lignin-based carbon fiber is the most value-added product from a wood-based biorefinery. The replacement of construction steel in cars and trucks with a much lighter carbon fiber-based composite will ultimately result in more fuel-efficient vehicles. Various attempts to make carbon fiber from lignins are discussed in this interesting paper. Finally, the paper by Tiilikkala et al. also reports a novel use of another biomass product, wood pyrolysis liquids (so-called wood vinegar), as biocide and plant protection product. Wood vinegar and other slow pyrolysis liquids are produced as a by-product of charcoal production. The aim of this review was to clarify the potential of slow pyrolysis liquids in agricultural use, in particular, in pesticide applications. The main challenges in developing novel bio control technologies are discussed in this paper and the barriers in the commercialization of biological control agents are revealed. In conclusion, all the studies reported in the papers presented in this special issue are intended to get a wider and more rational use of agro-forest resources as is the cultivated plant biomass used as raw material for the manufacturing of bio-fuels and bio-products in the context of the biorefinery approach. As the Guest Editor of this special issue, I wish to thank all the contributing authors and reviewers for their efforts to put forth this collection of papers, that I am sure will be of high interest for the readers of The Open Agriculture Journal.

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Ufitikirezi, Jean de Dieu Marcel, Martin Filip, Mohammad Ghorbani, Tomáš Zoubek, Pavel Olšan, Roman Bumbálek, Miroslav Strob et al. "Agricultural Waste Valorization: Exploring Environmentally Friendly Approaches to Bioenergy Conversion". Sustainability 16, n. 9 (26 aprile 2024): 3617. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su16093617.

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The pursuit of sustainable energy production through the conversion of agricultural waste into different bioenergy resources is of paramount importance given its potential to mitigate environmental impact while meeting energy demands. In this review, a comprehensive overview of the technologies for the biochemical and thermochemical conversion of agricultural waste into bioenergy is provided. A summary of the process of its conversion into different bioenergy products such as biogas, bio-oil, and biofuel is provided, in addition to the potential advantages and challenges faced using different biomass conversion technologies. The review highlights the potential of agricultural waste valorization to address the current energy demand while at the same time contributing to environmental benefits and greenhouse gas emission reductions. Moreover, this review highlights some significant gaps for improvement. These include the challenges in the pretreatment of agricultural waste biomass in optimizing the conversion rates and lowering the required energy consumption throughout the process while enhancing both the quantity and quality of the output. Some recommendations are proposed to address the identified challenges. These include the need for further studies for a thorough assessment to evaluate the efficacity and sustainability of agricultural waste valorization technologies. Assessment methods such as life cycle assessment (LCA), life cycle analysis (LCA), net energy ratio (NER) calculations, life cycle costing (LCC), as well as techno-economic assessment (TEA), are recommended, together with collaboration among governments, farmers, and researchers, as well as the integration of cutting-edge technologies to enhance various aspects of agricultural waste, optimizing the conversion process, cost efficiency, time management, and labor requirements, consequently boosting the conversion efficiency and product quality.

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Martínez, Javier, Felipe de la Cruz-Martínez, Marc Martínez de Sarasa Buchaca, María P. Caballero, Rosa M. Ojeda-Amador, María D. Salvador, Giuseppe Fregapane, Juan Tejeda, José A. Castro-Osma e Agustín Lara-Sánchez. "Valorization of agricultural waste and CO2 into bioderived cyclic carbonates". Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering 9, n. 4 (agosto 2021): 105464. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jece.2021.105464.

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Uzelac, Ozren, Marijana Dukić-Mijatović e Mario Lukinović. "The role of branding agricultural products in better market valorization". Ekonomika poljoprivrede 69, n. 2 (2022): 613–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/ekopolj2202613u.

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The purpose of this paper is to consider role of branding agricultural products in better market valorization. The benefit of branding is especially significant for rural and insufficiently developed environment. The problems of rural environments are multidimensional, but revitalization and improvement of development leads to strengthening competitiveness of these areas. The higher price of products enables the increase of income of agricultural workers, as well as diversification of the rural economy and creation of conditions of better socioeconomic aspects in rural environments. Creation of a more desirable image of an agricultural product most often has a strong reflection on the area of origin, as well as on reformation of the social attitude towards that environment. Branded products and services have a higher market value, due to which legal aspects enabling not only branding, but maintenance of a brand as well, are of special significance.

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Skrzypczak, Dawid, Katarzyna Mikula, Grzegorz Izydorczyk, Anna Dawiec-Liśniewska, Konstantinos Moustakas, Katarzyna Chojnacka e Anna Witek-Krowiak. "New directions for agricultural wastes valorization as hydrogel biocomposite fertilizers". Journal of Environmental Management 299 (dicembre 2021): 113480. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.113480.

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28

Khnaijer, Btissam, Anass Qoutbane, Essediya Cherkaoui, Mohamed Khamar e Abderrahman Nounah. "Agricultural valorization of sludge from the Jerada sewage treatment plant". International Journal of ADVANCED AND APPLIED SCIENCES 10, n. 1 (gennaio 2023): 34–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.21833/ijaas.2023.01.005.

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The reinforcement of the infrastructure in Morocco is accompanied by the setting up of several wastewater treatment plants which produce on the one hand purified water, but on the other hand, large quantities of sludge, are considered waste. Our work focused first on the physicochemical and bacteriological characterization of the sludge from the Jerada wastewater treatment plant (WWTP), which showed that all the parameters analyzed are more significant than those of other sludge studied, whether Moroccan or foreign. The richness of the residual sludge of the Jerada WWTP in fertilizing elements encourages its use as a soil amendment, germination tests of lentils and watercress were carried out for different percentages of sludge, for lentils, these tests showed that the sludge can be considered as a fertilizer at a concentration of 25%. In comparison with the results of the germination of lentils by olive pomace, the germination rate of the seeds decreases when the concentration of olive pomace increases. Then, a trial of sludge valorization in bean culture was carried out in the laboratory in order to study the impact of sludge amendment on plant growth (Bean), the monitoring of the parameters: Stem size, number of leaves, and leaf area showed that the sowing of bean in different concentrations of sludge and soil leads to a positive effect on bean yield on the three parameters, for concentrations of 5% and 10% sludge.

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Wang, Wei, Jo-Shu Chang e Duu-Jong Lee. "Anaerobic digestate valorization beyond agricultural application: Current status and prospects". Bioresource Technology 373 (aprile 2023): 128742. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2023.128742.

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Bala, Saroj, Diksha Garg, Kandi Sridhar, Baskaran Stephen Inbaraj, Ranjan Singh, Srinivasulu Kamma, Manikant Tripathi e Minaxi Sharma. "Transformation of Agro-Waste into Value-Added Bioproducts and Bioactive Compounds: Micro/Nano Formulations and Application in the Agri-Food-Pharma Sector". Bioengineering 10, n. 2 (23 gennaio 2023): 152. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering10020152.

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The agricultural sector generates a significant amount of waste, the majority of which is not productively used and is becoming a danger to both world health and the environment. Because of the promising relevance of agro-residues in the agri-food-pharma sectors, various bioproducts and novel biologically active molecules are produced through valorization techniques. Valorization of agro-wastes involves physical, chemical, and biological, including green, pretreatment methods. Bioactives and bioproducts development from agro-wastes has been widely researched in recent years. Nanocapsules are now used to increase the efficacy of bioactive molecules in food applications. This review addresses various agri-waste valorization methods, value-added bioproducts, the recovery of bioactive compounds, and their uses. Moreover, it also covers the present status of bioactive micro- and nanoencapsulation strategies and their applications.

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Santolini, Enrica, Marco Bovo, Alberto Barbaresi, Daniele Torreggiani e Patrizia Tassinari. "Turning Agricultural Wastes into Biomaterials: Assessing the Sustainability of Scenarios of Circular Valorization of Corn Cob in a Life-Cycle Perspective". Applied Sciences 11, n. 14 (7 luglio 2021): 6281. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11146281.

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Circular economy plays a key role in increasing the sustainability of the agricultural sector, given the countless possibilities of transforming crop residues and recycling precious resources. The maize cultivation process produces a significant amount of residual organic materials, commonly left on the field, as a soil conditioner and source of nutrients even if some parts, such as the cob, play a minor role in these actions. The solutions for the valorization of this remnant depend on economic and environmental factors and the evaluation of the environmental performances of the processes in a life-cycle perspective is important to compare the overall sustainability of the valorization alternatives, maximizing their environmental added value. This work reports the results of Life Cycle Analysis, from cradle-to-gate of corn cob valorized as a raw material in two scenarios: corn cob pellet and corn cob abrasive grits to use as blasting or finishing media. A comparative study has been performed with two products available on the market and with the same functions. The results show that cob-based products have lower impact than those currently used. The work provides indication for evaluating the benefits of turning agricultural wastes in natural-based materials and intends to promote circular economy processes in agriculture production.

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Putra, Nicky Rahmana, Dwila Nur Rizkiyah, Mohd Azizi Che Yunus, Ahmad Hazim Abdul Aziz, Ahmad Shah Hizam Md Yasir, Irianto Irianto, Jumakir Jumakir, Waluyo Waluyo, Suparwoto Suparwoto e Lailatul Qomariyah. "Valorization of Peanut Skin as Agricultural Waste Using Various Extraction Methods: A Review". Molecules 28, n. 11 (25 maggio 2023): 4325. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules28114325.

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Peanuts (Arachis hypogea) can be made into various products, from oil to butter to roasted snack peanuts and candies, all from the kernels. However, the skin is usually thrown away, used as cheap animal feed, or as one of the ingredients in plant fertilizer due to its little value on the market. For the past ten years, studies have been conducted to determine the full extent of the skin’s bioactive substance repertoire and its powerful antioxidant potential. Alternatively, researchers reported that peanut skin could be used and be profitable in a less-intensive extraction technique. Therefore, this review explores the conventional and green extraction of peanut oil, peanut production, peanut physicochemical characteristics, antioxidant activity, and the prospects of valorization of peanut skin. The significance of the valorization of peanut skin is that it contains high antioxidant capacity, catechin, epicatechin resveratrol, and procyanidins, which are also advantageous. It could be exploited in sustainable extraction, notably in the pharmaceutical industries.

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Frómeta, Yokasta García, Francisco Ramírez Rivera, Víctor González Holguín e Jesús Cuadrado. "Experimental Investigation of Thermal Conductivity from Insulation Based on Rice Hulks: Guarded and Calibrated Hot Box Method". Materials Science Forum 1046 (22 settembre 2021): 71–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.1046.71.

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In developing countries, large quantities of agricultural residues associated with harvests are generated, given that agriculture is one of the most important economic activities. The valorization of these residues for the construction sector could contribute to the improvement of energy efficiency in buildings. Through passive techniques, the construction of insulating thermal-acoustics panels, blocks, and aggregate for reinforced concrete can improve the energy efficiency. In this study, an experiment was performed to measure thermal conductivity of the Agricultural-Thermal Insulation Panel (ATIP) based on rice hulks. These Agricultural-Thermal Insulation Panels were elaborated follow a standard process to compaction of the rice hulks to be employed as insulation material with a panel dimension of 200x200x34.5(mm3). A “Hot Box” configuration was used to obtain the thermal conductivity of the panels, using different temperature gradients between hot and cold chambers.

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Udrea, Lavinia, e Maria Teodora Pituru. "Salmonide Growth - A Sustainable and Viable Alternative for the Valorization of Unproductive Agricultural Land". Annals of "Valahia" University of Târgovişte. Agriculture 14, n. 1 (1 aprile 2022): 37–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/agr-2022-0009.

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Abstract Salmon farming includes concerns about artificially growing and improving the populations of Salmonidae species on specialized trout farms. Due to the improvement of salmonid species, today productions are obtained throughout the year, in a relatively short time and at increasing densities. Thus, in order to obtain high and quality yields, the crop areas are incomparably smaller than those intended for other crop species, being used impracticable lands for agriculture or low yield lands. The study brings to the fore the parameters that must be taken into account, in the project phase, before setting up a farm specialized in trout farming: geotechnical study, water source, physics-chemical parameters and growth basins. The growth of trout is related to the agricultural sector and the technique of the agricultural production process, because knowing the soil and its properties, we can improve the action of bacteria and benthic flora and fauna, important links of the food chain in the ecosystem. The trout farm is a profitable alternative to the traditional farm, because the area needed to set up the fish farm is much smaller.

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35

Burgos, Nuria, Arantzazu Valdés e Alfonso Jiménez. "Valorization of Agricultural Wastes for the Production of Protein-Based Biopolymers". Journal of Renewable Materials 4, n. 3 (7 giugno 2016): 165–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.7569/jrm.2016.634108.

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36

Sepúlveda, Luisa A., Fernando A. Cuevas e Elsa G. Contreras. "Valorization of agricultural wastes as dye adsorbents: characterization and adsorption isotherms". Environmental Technology 36, n. 15 (18 marzo 2015): 1913–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09593330.2015.1016119.

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37

Radziemska, Maja, Magdalena Daria Vaverková, Dana Adamcová, Martin Brtnický e Zbigniew Mazur. "Valorization of Fish Waste Compost as a Fertilizer for Agricultural Use". Waste and Biomass Valorization 10, n. 9 (16 aprile 2018): 2537–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12649-018-0288-8.

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Rao, Priyanka, e Virendra Rathod. "Valorization of Food and Agricultural Waste: A Step towards Greener Future". Chemical Record 19, n. 9 (4 dicembre 2018): 1858–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/tcr.201800094.

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39

Miranda, Eduardo Hélio Novais, Diogo Antônio Correa Gomes, Gabriele Melo de Andrade, Lourival Marin Mendes e José Benedito Guimarães Júnior. "Valorization of bean agricultural wastes for the production of polymeric composites". Journal of Engineering Research 4, n. 14 (10 maggio 2024): 2–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.22533/at.ed.3174132429042.

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40

Miranda, Eduardo Hélio Novais, Diogo Antônio Correa Gomes, Gabriele Melo de Andrade, Lourival Marin Mendes e José Benedito Guimarães Júnior. "Valorization of bean agricultural wastes for the production of polymeric composites". Journal of Engineering Research 4, n. 14 (10 maggio 2024): 2–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.22533/at.ed.3174142429042.

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41

Núñez-Sellés, Alberto J., Alejandro J. Abril-González e Marlen Ramil-Mesa. "PROMANCOA Modular Technology for the Valorization of Mango (Mangifera indica L.) and Cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) Agricultural Biowastes". Processes 9, n. 8 (29 luglio 2021): 1312. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr9081312.

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Abstract (sommario):

PROMANCOA modular technology (PMT) aims at the development of modular agricultural biowaste valorization of mango (Mangifera indica L.) and cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) cultivars within the concept of circular economy in agriculture management. The modular design includes four modules: (1) green raw material (GRM) selection and collection, (2) GRM processing, (3) GRM extraction, in order to obtain bioactive green extracts (BGE) and bioactive green ingredients (BGI), and (4) quality control, which lead to formula components for food, feed, nutraceutical and/or cosmeceutical products. PMT was applied to mango stem bark and tree branches, and cocoa pod husk and bean shells, from cultivars of mango and cocoa in provinces of the Dominican Republic (DR). PMT might be applied to other agricultural biowastes, where a potential of value-added BGE/BGI may be present. Alongside the market potential of these bioactive ingredients, the reduction of carbon dioxide and methane emissions of agricultural biowastes would be a significant contribution in order to reduce the greenhouse effect of these residuals.

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Amran, Muhammad Azri, Kishneth Palaniveloo, Rosmadi Fauzi, Nurulhuda Mohd Satar, Taznim Begam Mohd Mohidin, Gokula Mohan, Shariza Abdul Razak, Mirushan Arunasalam, Thilahgavani Nagappan e Jaya Seelan Sathiya Seelan. "Value-Added Metabolites from Agricultural Waste and Application of Green Extraction Techniques". Sustainability 13, n. 20 (16 ottobre 2021): 11432. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su132011432.

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Abstract (sommario):

The agricultural sector generates approximately 1300 million tonnes of waste annually, where up to 50% comprising of raw material are discarded without treatment. Economic development and rising living standards have increased the quantity and complexity of waste generated resulting in environmental, health and economic issues. This calls for a greener waste management system such as valorization or recovery of waste into products. For successful implementation, social acceptance is an essential component with involvement of all local stakeholders including community to learn and understand the process and objective of the implementation. The agricultural waste product manufacturing industry is expected to increase with the growing demand for organic food. Thus, proper livestock and crop waste management is vital for environmental protection. It will be essential to successfully convert waste into a sustainable product that is reusable and circulated in the system in line with the green concept of circular economy. This review identifies the commercially produced crops by-product that have been considered for valorization and implemented green extraction for recovery. We highlight the importance of social acceptance and the economic value to agricultural waste recycling. Successful implementation of these technologies will overcome current waste management problems, reduce environmental impacts of landfills, and sustainability issue for farm owners.

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Lakhal, Dounia, Bouchaib Bahlaouan, Nadia Boutaleb, Mohamed Bennani e Said El Antri. "Agricultural valorization by biotransformation of fish wastes combined with grape marc and molasses". Mediterranean Journal of Chemistry 10, n. 7 (7 agosto 2020): 723. http://dx.doi.org/10.13171/mjc10702008071447nb.

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Abstract (sommario):

Since the advent of agriculture, organic wastes have been used to fertilize agricultural soils. The sustainability of the recovery of these wastes depends on the quality of the products developed in order to meet the expectations of the agricultural profession. The objective of our study was to evaluate the quality of the biotransformation of a ternary mixture of industrial waste: fish waste, molasses, and grape marc. Several balanced mixtures were developed and underwent natural biotransformation for two weeks to produce a fertilizer of good nutritional and microbiological quality. Quality control parameters (pH, conductivity, dry matter, phosphorus, nitrogen, potassium, carbon, etc.) were monitored during the time stipulated for biotransformation.The results showed that the bio-fertilizer generated from the mentioned wastes is characterized by good agronomic quality (rich in phosphorus, nitrogen, and potassium), mature, with a stable pH and had an excellent hygienic condition, due to the absence of spoilage microorganisms, which would constitute a major obstacle to the adoption of this practice.The fertilization test showed that our product is more interesting than commercial fertilizer. Triangular surfaces of iso-responses are established to identify the relevant formulations leading to a product of specific interest to build in practice a predictive operational model for industrial waste management. The biotransformation of a mixture consisting of approximately 50% of fish waste, 12.5% molasses, and 37.50% grape marc is an optimal formulation to generate a product rich in the nutrients essential for optimal growth plants (nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium). The formulas do not integrate the grape marc was the most unfavorable mixtures from their efficacy and/or health safety criteria.

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Kutkowska, Barbara, Tomasz Berbeka e Marek Stachowiak. "THE LEVEL OF SUPPORT FOR AGRICULTURE WITHIN THE COMMON AGRICULTURAL POLICY IN LOWER SILESIAN COMMUNITIES WITH DIFFERENT NATURAL CONDITIONS". Annals of the Polish Association of Agricultural and Agribusiness Economists XX, n. 6 (10 dicembre 2018): 154–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0012.7755.

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After 2004, income in agricultural farms in Poland was supplemented with a diversified support instruments within the framework of the Common Agricultural Policy. The Lower Silesia region is characterized by favorable natural conditions for conducting agricultural activity - however, they show significant spatial diversity. The study uses ARMA data in Wroclaw Division regarding direct payments and implemented RADP 2014-2020 measures paid to farmers in 2016. The structure of payment of support instruments was analyzed and the correlation ratio between the sum of payments received and the indexation of agricultural production space and between RADP payments and the above index of valorization. The Lorenz concentration ratio indices were used and Lorenz curves were plotted for direct payments and RADP measures depending on the conditions of the agricultural production space. Support for farms under RADP measures is accumulated in municipalities with the weakest natural conditions, whereas direct payments show spatially uniform distribution.

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Marques, Ana P. G. C., Ana Paulo e Nídia S. Caetano. "Assessment of the Potential of Sunflower Grown in Metal-Contaminated Soils for Production of Biofuels". Sustainability 16, n. 5 (23 febbraio 2024): 1829. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su16051829.

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Abstract (sommario):

Environmental biotechnology needs solutions that are associated with a low budget and cleaner remediation, and which are connected to resources and energetic valorization, to be able to encourage a circular bioeconomy. A prospective resolution for heavy-metal-contaminated soils is the application of phytoremediation approaches merged with bioenergy generation using the resulting biomass. Sunflower (Helianthus annuus) has been studied as a feedstock for biodiesel generation, and appears to be very attractive for biogas and bioethanol production. The current study reports an innovative energetic valorization approach of H. annuus biomass derived from the application of a phytoremediation strategy devised to remove Zn and Cd from an industrially contaminated soil (599 mg Zn kg−1 and 1.2 mg Cd kg−1)—and its comparison to the analysis of the same energetic valorization pathway for sunflower plants growing in an agricultural non-contaminated soil. After plant harvesting, bioethanol was produced from the aboveground tissues, and applied in the transesterification of the oil obtained through seed extraction for the generation of biodiesel. Also, biogas production was assessed through the root’s biomass anaerobic digestion. Similar yields of oil extraction—0.32 and 0.28 mL g−1 DW—were obtained when using seeds from H. annuus cultured in contaminated and non-contaminated soils, respectively. The production yield of bioethanol was superior using biomass from the agricultural non-contaminated soil (0.29 mL g−1 DW) when compared to the industrial metal-contaminated soil (0.20 mL g−1 DW). Zinc was measured in minor levels in bioethanol and oil (ca. 1.1 and 1.8 mg mL−1, correspondingly) resulting from the biomass cultivated in the industrialized soil, whereas Cd was not detected. The production yield of biogas was superior when using root biomass from H. annuus cultivated in agricultural non-contaminated soil (VS max. ca. 104 mL g−1) when compared to the one deriving from the industrial contaminated soil (VS max ca. 85 mL g−1). Generally, results demonstrate that substantial production yields of the tested biofuels were attained from biomass resulting from phytoremediation, corroborating this integrated original approach as a valuable alternative for the phytoremediation of HM-polluted soils and as an important strategy for plant biomass valorization.

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Chincoun, Dimitri, Gontrand C. Bagan e Clément Sewadé. "Estimation of Energy Potential by Anaerobic Digestion of Agricultural Residues in Agro-ecological Zone 5 in Benin". Journal of Experimental Agriculture International 45, n. 7 (24 aprile 2023): 26–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/jeai/2023/v45i72129.

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Aims: Evaluate the available dry matter deposit of crop residues and assimilated as well as its methanogenic and energetic potential in the agro-ecological zone 5, in Benin. Place and Duration of Study: Rural Engineering Laboratory, National University of Agriculture, Benin, between October 2021 and October 2022. Methodology: This evaluation was done through a prospective approach based on the Solagro-Indigo method. The potential yield was evaluated using national agricultural statistics and the residue-to-product ratios available in the literature. An exploratory survey was conducted to evaluate the availability of residues in the study area. The methanogenic and energetic potential was determined from the specific bio-methane potentials of each type of residues from previous studies. Results: This study shows that 71% of the total dry matter produced is not valorized. This important deposit represents more than 248 million cubic meters of methane and is equivalent to approximately 210 kilo tons of oil equivalent and more than 100% of the total wood energy needs in the region. Additional studies on the optimal conditions for digestion of the main residues identified could promote initiatives for their valorization. Conclusion: The assessment of agricultural residues potential in the ZAE5 revealed a huge deposit of organic matter that is underpriced and largely abandoned with considerable energy potential. Data are available for each commune and could be used for municipalities development strategies. However, an in-depth study of the optimal methanization conditions and more accurate and precise spatial analyses should be carried out for implementation for energy valorization initiatives.

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Lombardi, Patrizia, e Elena Todella. "Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis to Evaluate Sustainability and Circularity in Agricultural Waste Management". Sustainability 15, n. 20 (14 ottobre 2023): 14878. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su152014878.

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Agriculture is a major contributor to global anthropogenic emissions, such as waste production and greenhouse gases. In order to reduce these negative impacts, a circular economy should be applied to agriculture waste management. Processes for evaluating treatment and valorization options are fundamental to the implementation of long-term, economically viable, ecologically sound, and socially acceptable policies and practices. In this field, multi-criteria decision analysis methods (MCDAs) can offer a holistic perspective on the decision-making processes. This study deeply explores this area of research by conducting an extensive and critical review of the studies that have used MCDA approaches to support agricultural waste management. The aim is to better understand how MCDA methods have been applied (in an integrated manner or as complementary approaches) and how stakeholders have been involved. The research conducted underlines how MCDAs are now widely used to support decision-making in this area, as well as being increasingly applied in multi-methodologies. This study is part of an ongoing Next-Generation-EU-integrated, large-scale, multi-disciplinary research program, The National Research Centre for Agricultural Technologies.

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Moon, Myounghoon, Young Joo Yeon, Hyun June Park, Jisu Park, Gwon Woo Park, Gil-Hwan Kim, Joon-Pyo Lee, Dohoon Lee, Jin-Suk Lee e Kyoungseon Min. "Chemoenzymatic valorization of agricultural wastes into 4-hydroxyvaleric acid via levulinic acid". Bioresource Technology 337 (ottobre 2021): 125479. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2021.125479.

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49

San Miguel, Guillermo, David P. Serrano e José Aguado. "Valorization of Waste Agricultural Polyethylene Film by Sequential Pyrolysis and Catalytic Reforming". Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research 48, n. 18 (16 settembre 2009): 8697–703. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ie900776w.

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50

Riaz, Sana, Abid Aslam Maan, Masood Sadiq Butt e Muhammad Kashif Iqbal Khan. "Valorization of agricultural residues in the development of biodegradable active packaging films". Industrial Crops and Products 215 (settembre 2024): 118587. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2024.118587.

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