Letteratura scientifica selezionata sul tema "Agglomeration kernel"

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Articoli di riviste sul tema "Agglomeration kernel":

1

Li, Qiang, Xin Yuan, Meng Zhang, Weiwei Xu, Liming Huo e Qingkai Mu. "A modified agglomeration kernel model used for particle agglomeration". Advanced Powder Technology 33, n. 1 (gennaio 2022): 103349. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apt.2021.11.001.

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Cronin, Kevin, e Francisco Javier Gutiérrez Ortiz. "The Evolution of Variance and Entropy of the Granule Size Distribution in Fluidized Bed Agglomeration". Processes 11, n. 8 (26 luglio 2023): 2247. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr11082247.

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Abstract (sommario):
The evolution of the variance and entropy of granule size in the fluidized bed agglomeration process using two different aggregation kernels is examined. The first is a constant kernel (aggregation is independent of both time and granule size) and permits the most unconstrained agglomeration process that can occur where granules in any size class (up to a maximum size) can be formed at any point in time. This gives the fastest and largest increase in the variance and entropy of the resulting granule size distribution. The second kernel is a mechanistic kernel including a granule growth-limiting mechanism, in this case implemented by the consideration that not all collisions result in coalescence. This markedly changes the evolution of the variance and entropy of the distribution and reduces both significantly. Quantifying the entropy of the distribution provides another perspective on the change in the size distribution in an agglomeration process. It is shown that entropy can provide a better measure of size evolution than variance in that it represents the changing shape of the distribution more closely.
3

Liu, Zhonglan, e Yuanyuan Bao. "Spatial and Temporal Divergence of Water Resource Carrying Capacity in Hubei Province, China, from the Perspective of Three Major Urban Agglomerations". Sustainability 16, n. 12 (14 giugno 2024): 5059. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su16125059.

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Water resource carrying capacity is indispensable for sustainable development, acting as a crucial determinant for harmonizing ecological preservation with socio-economic development. This study centers on Hubei Province, which is an important water conservation area in the Yangtze River Basin and is one of the core water source areas for the South-to-North Water Diversion Project, and evaluates the water resource carrying capacity of the three major urban agglomerations in Hubei Province from 2005 to 2020 based on the four dimensions of water resources, economics, society, and ecology, using the entropy weighting method and the TOPSIS model to construct an evaluation index system. We then employ the kernel density estimation method, ArcGIS visualization, and the Dagum Gini coefficient method to perform a comprehensive analysis of spatial and temporal differences, dynamic evolution, and contribution sources. The results show that (1) the water resource carrying capacity of Hubei Province as a whole increased from a severe overload to overload level during the study period. The water resource carrying capacity of the three major urban agglomerations shows a regional distribution pattern where the Yi-Jing-Jing-En agglomeration’s capacity surpasses that of the Wuhan urban agglomeration, which is bigger than Xiang-Shi-Sui-Shen urban agglomeration. A lower ecological water use rate primarily constrains the enhancement of the carrying capacity of water resources in Hubei Province. (2) The kernel density estimation reveals an increase in the overall water resource carrying capacity across Hubei Province’s three major urban agglomerations during the study period, alongside a pronounced trend towards polarization. (3) While the overall Gini coefficient, indicating an imbalance in water resource carrying capacity in Hubei Province, remains high, it demonstrates a declining trend, suggesting a growing disparity in water resource carrying capacity across the province’s three major urban agglomerations. Hubei Province’s water resource carrying capacity faces challenges of an overall imbalance and localized vulnerability. Strategies should aim to enhance synergy, address these deficiencies directly, and devise targeted measures tailored to the distinct features of various urban clusters.
4

Lu, Hao, e Jie Bao. "Spatial Differentiation Effect of Rural Logistics in Urban Agglomerations in China Based on the Fuzzy Neural Network". Sustainability 14, n. 15 (28 luglio 2022): 9268. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14159268.

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Rural logistics is particularly important for the sustainable development of Chinese urban agglomeration, which features the coexistence of urban circles and vast countryside. However, the existing literature generally focuses on urban logistics while ignoring rural logistics. Taking the Chengdu-Chongqing agglomeration as an example, this study constructed a rural logistics index system and proposed a new dynamic assessment model for rural logistics development using a fuzzy neural network, Moran index, and Kernel density estimation. The results are as follows: the development of rural logistics has been enhanced, and gaps among cities have gradually narrowed over the past decade. In particular, the spatial distribution of rural logistics showcases a dual-core structure in the Chengdu-Chongqing agglomeration, which is different from the unipolar structure manifested in other urban agglomerations. Because of administrative barriers, the impact from the dual-core cities is very different: Chengdu has a significant spillover effect on its surrounding cities, which is not the case for Chongqing. The findings are of great significance for local governments to provide decision-making support for the sustainable development of urban agglomerations.
5

Wang, Yi. "The Spatiotemporal Evolution and Influencing Factors of Urban Economic Resilience in the Yangtze River Delta Urban Agglomeration". Frontiers in Business, Economics and Management 5, n. 3 (19 ottobre 2022): 293–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/fbem.v5i3.2039.

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Urban agglomerations are the highest form of spatial organization in the mature stage of urban development, and will be impacted by external risks during the development process. How to enhance the urban economic resilience of urban agglomerations plays an important role in the sustainable development of urban agglomerations. Based on resilience theory and taking the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration as the research object, this paper explores the spatiotemporal characteristics, influencing factors and predictions of urban economic resilience in the future. The study found: (1) Based on the kernel density estimation, the economic resilience of the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration has significant spatial non-equilibrium characteristics; (2) Based on the correlation analysis, the degree of industrial structure optimization, government financial support, degree of opening to the outside world, innovation investment, Financial development level, urbanization level and ecological level are positively correlated with urban economic resilience; based on principal component analysis, government financial support is a key factor affecting urban economic resilience, with a weight of 17%; (3) Based on the grayscale prediction model, GM(1,1) can better fit the overall urban economic resilience of the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration from 2011 to 2020, and the overall urban economic resilience of the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration is at a high level from 2021 to 2025, but there is a downward trend . This research has important guiding significance for understanding the urban economic resilience of urban agglomerations and how to improve the urban economic resilience of urban agglomerations and promote regional coordinated development.
6

Golovin, Ievgen, Gerd Strenzke, Robert Dürr, Stefan Palis, Andreas Bück, Evangelos Tsotsas e Achim Kienle. "Parameter Identification For Continuous Fluidized Bed Spray Agglomeration". Processes 6, n. 12 (30 novembre 2018): 246. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr6120246.

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Agglomeration represents an important particle formation process used in many industries. One particularly attractive process setup is continuous fluidized bed spray agglomeration, which features good mixing as well as high heat and mass transfer on the one hand and constant product throughput with constant quality as well as high flow rates compared to batch mode on the other hand. Particle properties such as agglomerate size or porosity significantly affect overall product properties such as re-hydration behavior and dissolubility. These can be influenced by different operating parameters. In this manuscript, a population balance model for a continuous fluidized bed spray agglomeration is presented and adapted to experimental data. Focus is on the description of the dynamic behavior in continuous operation mode in a certain neighborhood around steady-state. Different kernel candidates are evaluated and it is shown that none of the kernels are able to match the first six minutes with time independent parameters. Afterwards, a good fit can be obtained, where the Brownian and the volume independent kernel models match best with the experimental data. Model fit is improved for identification on a shifted time domain neglecting the initial start-up phase. Here, model identifiability is shown and parameter confidence intervals are computed via parametric bootstrap.
7

Otto, Eric, Anton Maksakov, Robert Diirr, Stefan Palis e Achim Kienle. "Direct Discretized Kernel Identification for Continuous Agglomeration Processes". IFAC-PapersOnLine 55, n. 7 (2022): 260–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ifacol.2022.07.454.

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8

Zhong, Yang, Aiwen Lin, Chiwei Xiao e Zhigao Zhou. "Research on the Spatio-Temporal Dynamic Evolution Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Electrical Power Consumption in Three Urban Agglomerations of Yangtze River Economic Belt, China Based on DMSP/OLS Night Light Data". Remote Sensing 13, n. 6 (17 marzo 2021): 1150. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs13061150.

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In this paper, based on electrical power consumption (EPC) data extracted from DMSP/OLS night light data, we select three national-level urban agglomerations in China’s Yangtze River Economic Belt(YREB), includes Yangtze River Delta urban agglomerations(YRDUA), urban agglomeration in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River(UAMRYR), and Chengdu-Chongqing urban agglomeration(CCUA) as the research objects. In addition, the coefficient of variation (CV), kernel density analysis, cold hot spot analysis, trend analysis, standard deviation ellipse and Moran’s I Index were used to analyze the Spatio-temporal Dynamic Evolution Characteristics of EPC in the three urban agglomerations of the YREB. In addition, we also use geographically weighted regression (GWR) model and random forest algorithm to analyze the influencing factors of EPC in the three major urban agglomerations in YREB. The results of this study show that from 1992 to 2013, the CV of the EPC in the three urban agglomerations of YREB has been declining at the overall level. At the same time, the highest EPC value is in YRDUA, followed by UAMRYR and CCUA. In addition, with the increase of time, the high-value areas of EPC hot spots are basically distributed in YRDUA. The standard deviation ellipses of the EPC of the three urban agglomerations of YREB clearly show the characteristics of “east-west” spatial distribution. With the increase of time, the correlations and the agglomeration of the EPC in the three urban agglomerations of the YREB were both become more and more obvious. In terms of influencing factor analysis, by using GWR model, we found that the five influencing factors we selected basically have a positive impact on the EPC of the YREB. By using the Random forest algorithm, we found that the three main influencing factors of EPC in the three major urban agglomerations in the YREB are the proportion of secondary industry in GDP, Per capita disposable income of urban residents, and Urbanization rate.
9

Moseley, James L. "The discrete agglomeration model with a time-varying kernel". Nonlinear Analysis: Real World Applications 8, n. 2 (aprile 2007): 405–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nonrwa.2005.12.001.

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10

Liu, Fei, Genyu Zhang, Chenghao Li, Tao Ren e Donato Masi. "Analysis of the Temporal and Spatial Pattern and Convergence Characteristics of High-Quality Sustainable Economic Development of Urban Agglomeration". Sustainability 15, n. 20 (12 ottobre 2023): 14807. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su152014807.

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Based on the sample data of 149 cities in ten major urban agglomerations from 2004 to 2019, the entropy method, Dagum Gini coefficient, and three-dimensional kernel density estimation method are used to calculate and describe the spatial pattern of the high-quality, sustainable economic development of these ten major urban agglomerations. We then use the spatial econometric model to estimate the β convergence trend within the urban agglomerations and among the urban agglomerations at different levels. Our main findings include the following: First, the urban agglomeration tends to develop a high-quality economy, but the gap between the urban agglomerations can be large. Second, although the gap within the overall group of urban agglomerations is expanding, the gap between high-quality individuals and the average is constantly shrinking; the gap between groups is still the leading cause of the spatial gap, with a contribution rate of 70.51%. Third, all urban agglomerations have an absolute and conditional β convergence trend, and the convergence speed presents the characteristics of “high level slow, low level fast”. Government intervention, financial development, urbanization, and human capital contribute to the high-quality, sustainable economic development of each urban agglomeration. There is a heterogeneous influence; there is also absolute and conditional β convergence among urban agglomerations at all levels, and the convergence rate presents a gradient characteristic of “third level > second level > first level”, and by balancing the financial relationships between city groups within each level, development differences can promote the dynamic coordination of high-quality, sustainable economic development rates.

Tesi sul tema "Agglomeration kernel":

1

ACCETTURO, ANTONIO. "Saggi su geografia e crescita". Doctoral thesis, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10280/110.

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Si presentano un saggio empirico e due modelli teorici originali sul rapporto tra geografia economica e crescita. Nel saggio empirico si presentano alcuni fatti stilizzati sull'evoluzione della concentrazione spaziale delle attività innovative in Italia nel periodo 1971-2001. Si mostra, con metodologie non-parametriche su base markoviana, come la concentrazione spaziale sia diminuita nel tempo, con una persistenza del Core di regioni specializzate. Nel primo saggio teorico si propone un modello di crescita romeriana e localizzazione caratterizzato da costi di congestione. È possibile, in questo caso, un processo di divergenza e agglomerazione non permanente. Nel secondo saggio teorico si mostra come le predizioni principali dei modelli di geografia e crescita si estendano anche ad un modello di crescita schumpeteriana.
I present one empirical and two theoretical models on the relationship between geography and growth. in the empirical paper, I present some stylized facts on the evolution of the spatial concentration of innovative activities in Italy in the period 1971-2001. Using markov-based non parametric techniques, I show that spatial concentration decreased but regional specialization is highly persistent. in the first theoretical paper, I present a model of romerian growth and industrial location characterized by congestion costs. I show how a process of agglomeration and divergence might be reverted once trade integration deepens. in the second theoretical paper, I show how usual predictions of the geography and growth models apply to a Schumpeterian growth model.
2

ACCETTURO, ANTONIO. "Saggi su geografia e crescita". Doctoral thesis, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10280/110.

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Si presentano un saggio empirico e due modelli teorici originali sul rapporto tra geografia economica e crescita. Nel saggio empirico si presentano alcuni fatti stilizzati sull'evoluzione della concentrazione spaziale delle attività innovative in Italia nel periodo 1971-2001. Si mostra, con metodologie non-parametriche su base markoviana, come la concentrazione spaziale sia diminuita nel tempo, con una persistenza del Core di regioni specializzate. Nel primo saggio teorico si propone un modello di crescita romeriana e localizzazione caratterizzato da costi di congestione. È possibile, in questo caso, un processo di divergenza e agglomerazione non permanente. Nel secondo saggio teorico si mostra come le predizioni principali dei modelli di geografia e crescita si estendano anche ad un modello di crescita schumpeteriana.
I present one empirical and two theoretical models on the relationship between geography and growth. in the empirical paper, I present some stylized facts on the evolution of the spatial concentration of innovative activities in Italy in the period 1971-2001. Using markov-based non parametric techniques, I show that spatial concentration decreased but regional specialization is highly persistent. in the first theoretical paper, I present a model of romerian growth and industrial location characterized by congestion costs. I show how a process of agglomeration and divergence might be reverted once trade integration deepens. in the second theoretical paper, I show how usual predictions of the geography and growth models apply to a Schumpeterian growth model.
3

Lalleman, Sophie. "Étude cinétique et physico-chimique des phénomènes d’agglomération en vue de la modélisation de la précipitation oxalique dans l’industrie nucléaire". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LORR0426.

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Au cours de la précipitation oxalique, trois mécanismes majeurs ont lieu : la nucléation, la croissance cristalline et l’agglomération. Après l’acquisition des lois cinétiques de nucléation et croissance des oxalates de néodyme III et d’uranium IV par Andrieu (1999), l’objectif de cette étude est d’acquérir la loi d’agglomération des cristaux. L’acquisition de cette loi consiste plus précisément en la détermination d’une grandeur appelée noyau d’agglomération. Ce noyau est une mesure de la fréquence des collisions et de leur efficacité. Le mécanisme d’agglomération est complexe car soumis à de nombreuses influences. L’objectif est de déterminer une loi faisant apparaître de manière explicite les paramètres influençant le mécanisme d’agglomération. Les méthodes expérimentales et mathématiques sont préalablement mises au point sur un simulant inactif (néodyme III) puis appliquées en actif sur l’uranium IV, simulant du plutonium IV. Les expériences sont menées dans un réacteur continu de type parfaitement agité, dans des conditions opératoires similaires aux conditions industrielles. Une méthode mathématique originale est également développée afin de résoudre le bilan de population. Pour obtenir un modèle cinétique prédictif, il est essentiel de tenir compte des effets de milieu pour le calcul de la sursaturation, au travers des coefficients d’activité. L’étude thermodynamique menée en parallèle des expérimentations nous a conduits à retenir le modèle de Bromley (1973) pour déterminer les coefficients d’activité. Le traitement global des données permet aujourd’hui de proposer une loi d’agglomération pour l’oxalate de néodyme et l’oxalate d’uranium IV sur un large domaine de conditions opératoires
During oxalic precipitation, three major mechanisms take place: nucleation, crystal growth and agglomeration. After the acquisition of the kinetic laws of nucleation and growth of neodymium oxalate and uranium oxalate by Andrieu (1999), the objective of this study is to determine the respective agglomeration kinetic laws. Determining the agglomeration kinetic law consists more specifically in determining a quantity called agglomeration kernel. This kernel is a measure of the frequency and efficiency of the collisions which occur between particles in the reactor. The agglomeration mechanism is complex as it is sensible to many parameters. The objective is to determine a kinetic law showing explicitly the parameters influencing the mechanism of agglomeration. Mathematical and experimental methods are firstly developed on an inactive compound (neodymium III) and then applied on uranium IV, a simulant of plutonium IV. Experiments are conducted in a perfectly mixed reactor, under operating conditions similar to the industrial ones. An original mathematical method is also developed to solve the population balance. To obtain a predictive kinetic model, it is essential to consider deviation from ideality for the calculation of supersaturation, through activity coefficients. After a thermodynamic study, the Bromley model (1973) is finally chosen to evaluate activity coefficients. The overall processing of our experimental data leads to the agglomeration kinetic laws of neodymium oxalate crystals and oxalate uranium IV over a wide range of operating conditions
4

Li, Na. "MMD and Ward criterion in a RKHS : application to Kernel based hierarchical agglomerative clustering". Thesis, Troyes, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015TROY0033/document.

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La classification non supervisée consiste à regrouper des objets afin de former des groupes homogènes au sens d’une mesure de similitude. C’est un outil utile pour explorer la structure d’un ensemble de données non étiquetées. Par ailleurs, les méthodes à noyau, introduites initialement dans le cadre supervisé, ont démontré leur intérêt par leur capacité à réaliser des traitements non linéaires des données en limitant la complexité algorithmique. En effet, elles permettent de transformer un problème non linéaire en un problème linéaire dans un espace de plus grande dimension. Dans ce travail, nous proposons un algorithme de classification hiérarchique ascendante utilisant le formalisme des méthodes à noyau. Nous avons tout d’abord recherché des mesures de similitude entre des distributions de probabilité aisément calculables à l’aide de noyaux. Parmi celles-ci, la maximum mean discrepancy a retenu notre attention. Afin de pallier les limites inhérentes à son usage, nous avons proposé une modification qui conduit au critère de Ward, bien connu en classification hiérarchique. Nous avons enfin proposé un algorithme itératif de clustering reposant sur la classification hiérarchique à noyau et permettant d’optimiser le noyau et de déterminer le nombre de classes en présence
Clustering, as a useful tool for unsupervised classification, is the task of grouping objects according to some measured or perceived characteristics of them and it has owned great success in exploring the hidden structure of unlabeled data sets. Kernel-based clustering algorithms have shown great prominence. They provide competitive performance compared with conventional methods owing to their ability of transforming nonlinear problem into linear ones in a higher dimensional feature space. In this work, we propose a Kernel-based Hierarchical Agglomerative Clustering algorithms (KHAC) using Ward’s criterion. Our method is induced by a recently arisen criterion called Maximum Mean Discrepancy (MMD). This criterion has firstly been proposed to measure difference between different distributions and can easily be embedded into a RKHS. Close relationships have been proved between MMD and Ward's criterion. In our KHAC method, selection of the kernel parameter and determination of the number of clusters have been studied, which provide satisfactory performance. Finally an iterative KHAC algorithm is proposed which aims at determining the optimal kernel parameter, giving a meaningful number of clusters and partitioning the data set automatically

Capitoli di libri sul tema "Agglomeration kernel":

1

Zhong, Aijia, e Guang Yang. "Research on the Change of Land Use Agglomeration Based on Kernel Density Estimation and Hot Spot Analysis". In Proceedings of the 25th International Symposium on Advancement of Construction Management and Real Estate, 987–1003. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-3587-8_65.

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2

Miyamoto, Sadaaki. "Positive-Definite Kernels in Agglomerative Hierarchical Clustering". In Behaviormetrics: Quantitative Approaches to Human Behavior, 61–68. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-0420-2_4.

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Atti di convegni sul tema "Agglomeration kernel":

1

Strenzke, Gerd, Ievgen Golovin, Maximilian Wegner, Stefan Palis, Andreas Bück, Achim Kienle e Evangelos Tsotsas. "Influence of drying conditions on process properties and parameter identification for continuous fluidized bed spray agglomeration". In 21st International Drying Symposium. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica València, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/ids2018.2018.7319.

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Agglomeration is a particle formulation process in which at least two primary particles are combined to form a new one. The growth of agglomerates depends on interactions of particles covered with wet spots that generated by depositions of binder droplets. This work experimentally compares the influence of external feed rate and sprayed binder content on product properties and process stability with internal separation at different drying conditions. Due to the identification of parameters a populations balance model (PBM) is developed. The PBM includes the agglomeration kernel function, which characterizes the kinetics, i.e. the rate at which primary particles build agglomerates. Keywords: spray fluidized bed agglomeration; drying; continuous process; internal separation; population balances
2

Qing, X., W. Xin, Y. Yan e W. Long. "The aggregation rate constant of the discrete population balance model in hot melt fluidized bed coating process". In 21st International Drying Symposium. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica València, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/ids2018.2018.7726.

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During hot melt fluidized bed coating, particle agglomeration leads to non-uniform particle size. In this study, Population Balance Model (PBM) is used to establish the conservation of the size of particles in the system. In order to solve the population balance model, it is discretized. The aggregation kernel of the particles can be described by the Equi-partition of Kinetic Energy (EKE) kernel based on the gas dynamics theory. The EKE kernel is incorporated into a discrete population balance (DPB) model, and the effective aggregation rate constant is obtained by fitting with the experimental data. Key words: Hot melt fluidized bed, PBM, DPB, EKE kernel, Aggregation rate constant.
3

Liu, Peng, e Yi Wang. "Analysis of Agglomeration Characteristics of Public Service Facilities in Mountainous Villages and Towns Based on POI Data". In AHFE 2023 Hawaii Edition. AHFE International, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1004325.

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This paper obtains the population data and GDP data of 13 counties in the Aba Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefecture of Sichuan Province, China based on the government statistical data set, obtains the POI data based on the Gaode map, and uses Average Nearest Neigh Index, Kernel Density Analysis, Standard Deviation Ellipse, Pearson Correlation Analysis method to analyze the agglomeration characteristics of public service facilities in each county and its correlation with the level of economic development. The results show that: the public service facilities in the study area as a whole show a spatial pattern of "more in the southeast and less in the northwest"; the spatial agglomeration of various public service facilities is significant, and the degree of agglomeration of tourism-related public service facilities such as catering and shopping is the highest , financial insurance, science, education and other life-related public service facilities have the lowest degree of agglomeration; all kinds of public service facilities are in the direction of "southwest-northeast" as a whole, and public service facilities related to outdoor activities such as sports, leisure and accommodation have the strongest directionality; the research area The spatial agglomeration of public service facilities is affected by factors such as nature and economic development.keywords:POI, mountain villages and towns, public service facilities, agglomeration characteristics
4

Mall, Raghvendra, Rocco Langone e Johan A. K. Suykens. "Agglomerative hierarchical kernel spectral data clustering". In 2014 IEEE Symposium on Computational Intelligence and Data Mining (CIDM). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cidm.2014.7008142.

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"Kernel Hierarchical Agglomerative Clustering - Comparison of Different Gap Statistics to Estimate the Number of Clusters". In International Conference on Pattern Recognition Applications and Methods. SCITEPRESS - Science and and Technology Publications, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.5220/0004828202550262.

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Bove, Stefano, Tron Solberg e Bjo̸rn H. Hjertager. "Evaluation of the Parallel Parent and Daughter Classes Technique (PPDC) for Solving Population Balance Equations by Discretization: Aggregation and Breakage". In ASME 2004 Heat Transfer/Fluids Engineering Summer Conference. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ht-fed2004-56726.

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An evaluation of the parallel parent and daughter classes (PPDC) algorithm for solving population balance equations (PBEs) by discretization is presented. By using this technique, the discretized form of the PBE, accounting for breakage and agglomeration, can easily be split into aggregation and breakage part. Numerical solutions of the PBE on simultaneous aggregation and breakage processes with different kernels, obtained by using the PPDC technique, show good agreement with solutions obtained by standard method of classes, on a linear grid, and by the quadrature method of moments (QMOM). Numerical investigations have shown the ability of the PPDC technique to predict the moments with high accuracy by using only a few classes (2–4 classes). The PPDC technique is then one of the best candidates for CFD applications involving PBEs as polymerization and de-polymerization processes, aerosol dynamics, bubbly flows etc.

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