Tesi sul tema "Âge de pierre tardif"
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Endalew, Behailu. "Later Stone Age lithic technological behavior in the Main Ethiopian Rift". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Toulouse 2, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020TOU20052.
Studies of Later Stone Age (LSA) lithic technologies in Ethiopia are meager, and only a handful of sites were previously investigated during the 1970s. Most of the previous LSA studies were concentrated on the Main Ethiopian Rift (MER), but the recovered materials have rarely been reexamined afterward and have never been compared with new data from the region. This dissertation, therefore, presents lithic technological analysis from five LSA sites of MER: two sites from old excavations and three sites from recent excavations, covering the last ca. 31 ka cal BP __ albeit with major occupational hiatus__ and attempts to characterize technical behaviors through lithic analysis and in a comparative perspective. As a result, this study tentatively organizes the studied LSA sites into five chrono-cultural phases: Formative (ca. 31-27 ka), Evolved (ca. 27-22 ka), Refugia? (ca. 22-15 ka), Developed (ca. 14-13 ka) and Specialized (after ca. 13 ka), each phase can be distinguished by the presence and prominence of certain lithic techno-typological features. The most important conclusion regarding this framework are: (1) Combined technological features of MSA and LSA were common in MER sites at least between ca.31-27 ka cal BP. (2) abandonment of MSA toolkits might be more gradual than abrupt in this part of the region (as shown by the presence of few Points in Evolved stage); (3) MSA toolkits totally disappeared in the Developed stage (4) Geometric backed pieces became more ubiquitous in Specialized stages heralding new socio-economic changes during the Holocene period
Morleghem, Daniel. "Production et diffusion des sarcophages de pierre de l'Antiquité tardive et du haut Moyen Age dans le Sud du Bassin parisien". Thesis, Tours, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016TOUR2017.
The sarcophagi production is, between the end of the fifth century to the ninth century, an artisanal and economic activity of major importance, witness of economic networks and local and regional cultural area. The inventory and study of sarcophagi in funerary context allowed us to establish a detailed typology founded on morphological, decorative and technological criteria. On some 2500 sarcophagi studied, only a few are well dated. A relative typo-chronology has been established, based on best datations and on the evolution of shapes and decorative models. From the study of production sites, including four quarrying center were studied, we can observe an important expertise and a very rational organization of production. The confrontation of study data from sarcophagi and quarries has allowed us to restitute several diffusion areas: micro-local (Civaux or Chauvigny), local (Panzoult, valley of the Manse or red sandstone of Loir valley) or regional (Bourbonnais or Nivernais productions, outside our study area)
Dor, Anne. "Tours et maisons de notables des villages du nord-est de la Corse (Moyen Âge tardif)". Corte, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012CORT0006.
By the end of the Middle Ages, the island chroniclers and a few archive sources already mention the names of villages which were linked with a number of prominent rural figures who had recently emerged in the history of Corsica. Up till now, there has been no complete account in situ of the material traces of their presence - sometimes tyransitory - in the north-east of the island. Are there sufficient remains still visible in the villages to allow us to understand the characteristics and functions of the civil constructions which were built by the notable rural individuals, because of their wealth, power, influence or pride? The following topographic inventory attemps to answer this first point. It also opens many avenues for futher monographs and for archival research to deepen our understanding of a habitat which has been previously overlooked and of the history of a social stratum which was closely involved in village and island life at the beginning of the modern era
Morel, David. "Tailleurs de pierre, sculpteurs et maîtres d'oeuvre dans le Massif Central". Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009CLF20008.
Alberton, Lorenzo. "Organisation spatiale des activités techniques sur un campement du prédorsétien tardif (2900-2500 AA)". Thesis, Université Laval, 2006. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2006/23989/23989.pdf.
Tumoine, Pascale. "L'église Saint-Pierre et Saint-Paul de Bazouges-La-Pérouse : étude monographique". Rennes 2, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987REN20004.
Before the gothic church - built between the 12th and the 16th centuries - was two pre-Romans buildings situated side by side. Artificially reunified, this construction was astonishing. It structure was composed of six irregulars parallels parts, which had different heights, and four longitudinal steps in the middle; the belfry wasn't in the center. This church was spacious and dark. It was damaged during the revolution and the edifice was built again - almost completely - during the 19th century. Then, it was been turned to the west side, broadly open on the city; the principal front is over hanged by a neogothic belfry. The church has some gothic vestiges (vault, columns) and beautiful stained glass window
Bussière, Roselyne. "L'Abbaye de Lagny au Moyen âge : histoire et architecture". Paris 4, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA040397.
Founded by st fursy around 650, wrecked by the Vikings, then restored by earl "Herbert de Champagne" around 1000, Lagny's abbey was once more helped by the family of champagne, when "Henri le liberal" and abbot Hugues, his brother, rebuilt the monastery, repaired the ancient nave and erected a new choir after a fire broke out in 1157. But a new fire in 1184 slowed the works and abbot Jean Britel, taking advantage of the abbey's prosperity, especially due to the fairs in Champagne, began to build a new and vast sanctuary. First and fare most, the radiant chapels were built and the lady axial chapel was dedicated in 1206. In the following decade, the lower level of the choir was finished. But the decline of the fairs, the end of privileged links with the earls of Champagne become the beginning of a very difficult period; the triforium was built around 1250 but the choir was never vaulted. The hundred years' war and the wars of religion increased difficulties and st Pierre abbey had to enter the st Maur congregation in the XVIIth century. The community disappeared during revolution
Grappe, Yann D. "La culture du vin dans la littérature italienne du Moyen Âge tardif au début des Temps Modernes: critères de qualité, systèmes de représentation et identités". Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210252.
À quoi tient la qualité d'un vin ?Cette question simple présente l'avantage d'ouvrir une large perspective de recherche historique et anthropologique. Pister les critères de qualité d'un vin pour les hommes d'une autre culture et d'un autre temps c'est aussi comprendre la manière dont ils ont cherché à représenter cet objet. Ce système de représentation révèle la pensée et l'imaginaire des hommes, en même temps qu'il dévoile les valeurs, les identités et les structures socio-économiques d'une société.
Doctorat en Histoire, art et archéologie
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Calma, Monica, e Pierre d' Ailly. "Evidences, doute et tromperie divine : édition critique du Livre I, Question I des Sentences de Pierre d'Ailly". Paris, EPHE, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008EPHE5015.
This work presents, on the one hand, a critical edition of the prologue of the Sentences of Pierre d'Ailly (1350-1420) carried out on the collation of the three manuscripts Paris, Mazarine 934, 935; Sorbonne 194. Furthermore, it contains a philosophical interpretation of this text on the subject of degrees of evidence] Pierre d’Ailly attests to the existence of an absolute evidence, namely the evidence of the principle of non-contradiction, the evidence of contingent propositions such as ego cogito, ego vivo, and the existence of a relative evidence (secundum quid), manifest in the case of sensitive knowledge. Evidence is also defined as opposition to error. The main cause of deception is, according to Pierre d'Ailly, God's intervention in the process of our knowledge. To understand the position of Pierre d'Ailly the author undertakes an investigation into the problem of evidence in Duns Scotus, William of Ockham, Crathorn, Walter Chatton, Adam Wodeham, Jean Buridan and Jean Mirecourt. Also under examination here is Pierre d'Auriol's doctrine of intuition of the non-existent object as a source for Pierre d’Ailly's conception of evidentia secundum quid. This study demonstrates that much of the thinking of Pierre d'Ailly is ensured by arguments copied verbatim from Jean Mirecourt, and his plagiarism is classified into three categories: plagiarism of expression, polemical plagiarism and plagiarism simpliciter
Foucher, Marion. "La pierre et les hommes en Bourgogne : archéologie et histoire d'une ressource en oeuvre du Moyen-Âge à l'époque moderne". Thesis, Dijon, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014DIJOL034/document.
In order to go further limits inherent to subject disjunction, or those imposed by sources, periods or sites, this thesis emphasises a multidisciplinary and diachronic approach of stone supply on medieval and modern building sites. Thanks to the confrontation of buildings with different origins and functions, this work tries to dissect process of choices and stone supply network. It finally considers connection between people and a natural ressource
Morero, Élise. "Artisanat lapidaire en Crète minoenne : les techniques de fabrication des vases de pierre". Paris 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA010600.
Vaschalde, Christophe. "L’art de cuire la pierre en France méditerranéenne à la fin du Moyen Âge : Approche interdisciplinaire d’un artisanat méconnu : la chaufournerie". Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013AIXM3075.
Lime burning is a section of handmade production interfacing with construction and uses of fire. With pluridisciplinary approach, a statement of this unwell known craft was exposed. During the second Middle Age, making lime technics used in the Mediterranean north-occidental areas are plural. Natural environment makes a great influence on the used technics and also on the ways to organize this craft. Before cooking the lime, lime burners are using intricated technic process in collecting and transforming materials for kilns use. The limestone must be extracted, crushed then charged up. Several “chaînes opératoires” are involved in making the lime. This multiplicity is not only a technic one but a social translation also. If the cooking section is indeed leaded by professionals handworkers, other technic sections can be consigned by other kind of workers even sometimes for just only one section. The handworkers expertise appears to be resulting material and technic restraints, but also social ones. Lime burning hold a special position in both society and economy in the end of the Middle Age. Despite the essential use of lime production in some particular industry, lime burners – not numerous - are only holding a secondary position in the medieval society
Alves, De Lira Larissa. "Pierre Monbeig et la formation de la géographie brésilienne : une science dans le contexte du capitalisme tardif (1925-1957). Érosion des valeurs littéraires, tentation de l’action et systématisation de la méthode". Thesis, Paris, EHESS, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017EHES0005/document.
This thesis aims at investigating the emergence of a Brazilian school of Geography whose foundation was built by the French geographer Pierre Monbeig. His years studying at Sorbonne, his yeas spent in Brazil, and even the year in which he published his first contributions on this country (1925-1957) define the period in which Brazilian geography came to be, under his leadership; this was, at the same time, a material and a symbolic process. This research used a geohistory of knowledge that analyses the spheres of slowness, circulation, and ruptures to study a trajectory that is influenced by deep movements of the constitution of the sciences, as well as circumstances of the sciences that eclipse the long-lasting tendencies in the first half of the twentieth century. These long-lasting movements are characterized here as: erosion of literary values, which dominated French sciences in the end of the nineteenth century; temptation to action and engagement, in the form of a tendency towards a growing application of sciences; and a progressive clarification of the scientific method. In face of the situation and of Brazil-specific determinisms, the formation of the national State, the crises of oligarchies, and the advancement of late capitalism, the answers of a science in context of recovering its inheritances, but also of displacement, to these trends are singular and the transformations that Pierre Monbeig's geography goes through in this space are institutional, theoretical and temporally specific to that time. Thereby, Monbeig elaborates reasonings that, without denying latent heritage and tension, are direct results of understanding geographical processes of modernization and of the spacial logic of underdevelopment in territories in process of colonization, and by indirect results of a geographical theory adapted to the conditions of Brazilian capitalism, which we denominate a geohistory of the peripheral capitalism based on systemic reasoning. Finally, it is important to point out that these epistemological contributions were not announced as a break with the French geography the author adopts; they constitute, to the humanities, a critical source of information for Geography as it was developed in Brazil, which gets little recognition in historiographic debates
Aubry, Marianne. "Etude paléo-odontologique de populations préhistoriques et historiques de Provence : l'hypogée chalcolithique de Roaix (Vaucluse) et le cimetière médiéval de Saint-Pierre de l'Almanarre (Var)". Aix-Marseille 2, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003AIX20666.
Boisset, Thermes Sandrine. "La sculpture en Savoie : ateliers, artistes et commanditaires à Chambéry et dans sa région : vers 1480 - vers 1530". Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015GREAH006.
Despite the paucity of documentary evidence arguing in favour of the existence of much sculpting activity in and near Chambéry, the criteria needed to establish the presence of an artistic hub in the town and its vicinity at the turn of the XV and XVI centuries can be shown. The existence of a large body of sculptures, consistent both in style and iconography, produced over a few decades between 1480 and 1530, is testament to the activity of sculptors in the region. An analysis has led to identifying the activity of various artists' workshops, and to understanding of the way in which these works were produced. Many opportunities for contact between the art worlds of Chambéry, Geneva and Northern countries can also be identified. Within this space, a varied clientele as well as a dynamic religious context have supported the development of an original local artistic production
Griveau-Genest, Viviane. "L’esthétique du faire croire : étude littéraire des sermons français et latins de Jean Gerson". Thesis, Paris 10, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA100064/document.
In spite of a wide range of studies, the chancellor of the university of Paris Jean Gerson (1363-1429) remains quite unknow as a litterary author and his texts are mainly read in a theological or historical way. Thus, this study will focuse on a rhetorical and stylistic approach of the texts so that they can be understood in a litterary frame. Allegorical devices, images but also auctorial strategies are some of the elements that show the integration of court culture in the homely. In the same time, we will try to consider in a new way Jean Gerson’s role and place in the intellectual context of late Middle Ages
Angotti, Claire. "Lectiones sententiarum : étude de manuscrits de la bibliothèque du collège de Sorbonne : la formation des étudiants en théologie à l'université de Paris à partir des annotations et des commentaires sur le Livre des Sentences de Pierre Lombard (XIIIe - XVe siècles)". Paris, EPHE, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008EPHE4012.
During the XIIIth century, the Book of Sentences by Peter Lombard, master of schools in Paris in the second half of the XIIth century, was adopted into the program of the theology faculty. Our purpose is to examine the book in the University of Paris by studying copies of Peter Lombard’s Sentences housed in the libraries of the college of the Sorbonne. Their exceptional state of preservation allows a study of not only the annotations but also the procedings of the mise en page. The college’s books must be analyzed in two frameworks : first, the framework of the faculty who try to standardize the lectio Sententiarum in the students’ theologic degree curriculum, and second, the framework of the college library which scientifically describes its books in catalogues and controls access to its collections. The main corpus of this study consists of forty annotated manuscripts of the Book of Sentences. A second corpus of one hundred manuscripts, commentaries of Sentences found in the college’s collections, is used as well. We propose to analyze this topic on three levels. First the construction of academic rule and the introduction of the Sentences’ lectio into the faculty. The second level concerns the college library : specifically, the initial project of Robert of Sorbon and the college’s gradual emergence as an essential member of the theology faculty, particulary thanks to its library, and the third deals with margins : their organization through copyists, their padding through readers. Through this three-level analysis, one can fully grasp the students’ practices and intellectual methods while preparing their lectiones Sententiarum during the XIIIth- XVth centuries
Thornton, Ryan. "Franciscan Poverty and Franciscan Economic Thought : 1209-1444". Thesis, Paris, EHESS, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019EHES0108.
In order to determine whether there was a relationship between Franciscan poverty and the economic thought of the Franciscans, one must begin by defining the first as it had its origin in the life of Francis of Assisi and his creation of a religious order within the Catholic Church in 1209. It then becomes possible to identify the progressive development of this poverty within the Order of Friars Minor through a dialogue with successive popes and over the course of different events involving the Franciscans. At the heart of the inquiry is the discussion of various economic subjects (exchange, contracts, loans, usury, the gift) by the Franciscans Peter of John Olivi, John Duns Scotus, and Gerald Odonis, as their works establish the existence of economic thought among the Friars Minor. By continuing to follow the interaction between the Order and the papacy, one sees important changes in Franciscan poverty and, consequently, a reprise of the economic thought of Olivi, Scotus, and Odonis in the sermons of Bernardine of Sienna, who died in 1444 and provides a terminus for the present study
Chabot, Jacques. "Étude des artéfacts en pierre taillée découverts à tell 'Atij et Tell Gudeda en Mésopotamie septentrionale (Syrie du nord-est, âge du bronze ancien : 3000-2500 av. J.-C.)". Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/28495.
Beyazit, Deniz. "Le décor architectural artuqide en pierre de Mardin placé dans son contexte régional : contribution à l'histoire du décor géométrique et végétal du Proche-Orient des XIIe-XVe siècles". Paris 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA010621.
Brunet, Olivier. "Les éléments de parure en pierre de la péninsule omanaise du 6è au 2è millénaire av. J.-C. : production, circulation, valeurs". Thesis, Paris 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA010689.
In the Oman Peninsula, items of personal ornament are among the most numerous artifacts found at archaeological sites from the Neolithic and Bronze Age. This study focuses on more than 100,000 stone beads (agate, carnelian, lapis lazuli, green softstone, etc.), spanning approximately four millennia, from a morphological, dimensional, and especially technological perspective. Key results include the identification of only two categories of ornamental elements, mainly in the Bronze Age (late 4th-late 2nd millennium BC), one being of substantially higher quality than the other. These two categories reflect the expertise of different workshops located in distinct regions. The majority appears to be of local production, while others, such as some carnelian and lapis lazuli beads, are likely from the Indo-Pakistan region or Iran, respectively. This study permitted the recreation of the main circulation patterns for each mineral material used in the manufacture of beads, both within the Oman Peninsula for those produced locally, and between neighboring regions in the case of imported beads. It is also possible to see the impact of historical context on the circulation of material between the Oman Peninsula and Middle Asia. Elements of personal ornamentation are highly symbolic objects, especially in the Oman Peninsula where these artifacts convey many diverse values: commercial, apotropaic, aesthetic, temporal, sexual, hierarchical, or spiritual
Marquer, Julie. "Propagande politique et Islam d’Occident sous le règne de Pierre Ier de Castille (1350-1369)". Thesis, Paris 4, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA040154/document.
Exploring the place of Islam in the political propagandas during the reign of Peter of Castile (1350-1369) leads to questioning the paradoxical and ambiguous aspects of an approach to Otherness. Islam here refers to various items: the political and military power of the Nasrids and the Merinids, as well as a religious and cultural body. The instrumentalization of these items through various forms of propaganda, either textual or architectural, aims at reinforcing the power of their initiator(s). Bringing out the various modalities of this instrumentalization will allow us to question and reconsider the political, religious and cultural frontier in the 14th century Iberian Peninsula. The example of the reign of Peter of Castile shows how shifting and ephemeral the frontier with Otherness can be, and its strengthening or its dwindling depends on the political interests at stake, the balance of power, the motivation of the protagonists as well as the different types of convergence which have allowed the integration and the assimilation of artistic, political and literary patterns and concepts. By confronting the various types of sources and points of view, it will be easier to fully understand, in its entirety and complexity, the either excluding or including relationship that the Christians have with Islam, both in their political practices and in their symbolic representations. Indeed, Islam is utilized as a form of otherness which is sometimes positive, sometimes negative, but it also occasionally ceases being viewed as such. This dialectical connection is closely linked to the part that Islam has played in the formation of Castilian culture as well as in the construction of Modern State
Moulis, Cédric. "Bâtir en Lorraine méridionale (XIe-XIIe siècles) : chantier et mise en œuvre des matériaux". Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LORR0184/document.
Thanks to steps forward on art history regarding the Romanesque architecture in the Lorraine region, this thesis revisits a number of sites in terms of archaeological issues related to the art of building. Fourteen monographs of churches, abbeys or castles, plus a hundred or so sites explored in the ancient diocese of Toul, make it possible to understand the use of building materials, primarily stone and wood. This can be done along nine themes related to construction: how to define location, proportionate, extract, cut, assemble, build, vault, scaffold, cover. This work highlights the know-how of architects, quarrymen, stonecutters, masons or carpenters involved in projects that have been neglected as they are often too modest to attract the attention of researchers.In fact, this topic has not been so far the subject of substantial studies for the geographical area and the chronological period involved. We have highlighted buildings for which plan and volume vary from one place to the other, although they all fit well with the known Romanesque canons. Specificities are prevalent in the Toul area, the Saintois or the Vallage. They are distinguished first by the density of remains in comparison with the rest of the Lorraine. This testifies to the vitality of these three entities during the 12th century in particular. It seems also related to the lithic resources available in these sectors.Examination of the materials and locations of available resources in the area highlights an economy based on short distribution channels, whereas materials rarely come from more than five kilometers away from the construction site, with the possible exception of pine wood and mortar. Physico-chemical analyzes have completed the research. They have often made it possible to reconsider the datings proposed by art historians, aging the buildings by several tens of years.On the sites themselves, we often provide the first observations in the archeology of buildings carried out so far, especially for rural buildings of low volume or for parts of buildings which are difficult to access, either in ruin or still in use. In light of these explorations, a new field of research is emerging and has to extended: the use of wood in the masonry and the carpentry. More traces remain than thought of at the beginning of the investigation. In a more general way, we notice an evolution in the technicality of the building sites, and their rationalization, which encompasses first the religious buildings at the end of the 11th century, before extending to the castle construction during the 12th century, and later to the small country churches. From a similar perspective, we demonstrate that local know-how is more often used than grand architectural concepts developed on more prestigious buildings and in regions of more political importance.We have also taken special care to put the Man and his gesture back in the center of the construction process. Most of the time, studies in this area are concerned with motivations and consequences of an action, be it political, artistic or editorial. We have focused more on technicality. How to go from motivation (the will to build) to realization (reception of the finished work) ? More than the point of arrival, it is the process that has been at the center of our concerns. Thus, we can imagine the position of the stonecutter in front of his stone, the position of his hand, the movement he infuses to the tool. How to organize the facings and how to differentiate the first stone laid from the last? How to respond to architectural constraints ? How to develop the scaffolding ? Here again, certain local peculiarities have appeared, probably showing a movement of workers to the various sites according to the opening of the construction works. Finally, our work brings new heuristic tools to the attention of researchers making the reading of the wall facings less tedious and more rational
Chabot, Jacques. "Étude des artefacts en pierre taillée découverts à Tell 'Atij et Tell Gudeda en Mésopotamie septentrionale, Syrie du Nort-Est, Âge du bronze ancien, 3000-2500 av. J.-C". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp02/NQ39342.pdf.
Shirazi, Rouhollah. "Études typologiques et comparatives des représentations humaines en terre crue, en terre cuite et en pierre de l'Asie centrale et de l'Iran oriental du chalcolithique à l'âge du bronze (4000-1800 av. J. -C. )". Paris 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA010561.
Giraud, Cédric. "Per verba magistri : Anselme de Laon, son école et le mouvement théologique du XIIe s". Paris 4, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA040145.
Anselm of Laon was one of the major teachers in the first half of the 12th century. The example of Anselm of Laon made it possible to consider the way medieval masters in theology reached an authority. Thanks to his career, his theological sentences and treatises connected with his teaching, we can see how a theological school grew. This new authority appeared clearly around 1130-1140 : the diffusion of the anselmian sentences and the writing of the treatises took place during these years
Yordanova, Lilyana. "Commande et donation pieuses en Bulgarie médiévale (XIIe-XVe siècles) : arts, économie et société". Thesis, Université Paris sciences et lettres, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UPSLP008.
Commissions and donations of goods and property to the Church are at the core of medieval society. Through a holistic and interdisciplinary approach, this dissertation aims to provide the first global study of the practice, mechanisms and role of pious patronage within Bulgarian society during the 12th-15th century. From the re-foundation of the Bulgarian Empire in 1185, through the intermediate periods of conflict with Byzantium, Serbia and the Latin States, until the establishment of the Ottomans in 1396 but also beyond, pious donations have been used to define territory, negotiate power and maintain the cohesion of social groups. The identification of new forms of generosity and the re-examination of artworks, narrative and legal sources, some of which hitherto neglected, lead to elaborate a new model of horizontal and vertical social patronage and shed new light for the study of this complex social phenomenon on the broader scale of the medieval world
Téotonio, Charles André. "Le "Livre des revenus et dépenses" : constitution d'une comptabilité référentielle clunisienne au XIVe siècle". Thesis, Université Laval, 2013. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2013/30311/30311.pdf.
Bryant, Simon. "Construire au Moyen-Age en région Centre : économie de la pierre et techniques de construction en région Centre du XIIe au XVIe siècle : l'apport des chantiers d'archéologie préventive". Thesis, Paris 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA010584.
This thesis may be considered from two angles: that of a retrospective look at the professional framework and the practices of buildings archaeology within the sphere of architectural heritage management and that of an appraisal of the archaeological data gathered during field work in this particular context. Before being considered as “heritage”, standing buildings of any form are archaeological remains. The first part of this work examines the legal and institutional framework which conditions just how and when archaeologists may get to study and record these remains in a context where the legislation concerning the protection and management of the architectural heritage is juxtaposed rather than integrated with that governing archaeological research. Within this framework, archaeological field work usually has to satisfy the needs of the institutions responsible for the management and restoration of architectural heritage. In so doing, it also produces considerable amounts of “secondary” data which are rarely published or even used, despite their potential interest for archaeological research on the history of building. The second part of this thesis consists of a critique of the archaeological methods used during the field work and its’ effects on the quality and the quantity of the data produced. It was thus possible to make a thematic assessment of the state of archaeological research in the Centre region over the last two decades and to draw up a corpus of sites which form the basis for the third part of the thesis. This corpus consists of forty-one buildings of various types which have been directly studied by the author during archaeological field work. They cover the period from the middle of the 11th century to the start of the 17th century. Another thirty-nine buildings situated in the Berry in the southern part of the region were also selected as comparative sites. This rather heterogeneous sample offered the advantage of not being bound by the usual typological categories. By comparing very different types of construction, it is possible to observe the relations between the possibilities offered by the geological environment and the limits imposed by each architectural program. Although a close link may be established between the geological context and the buildings, the variety of solutions applied to produce the different types of constructions, the former was never an obstacle to the builder. Analysis of the archaeological data allows us to evaluate the levels of competence and ability of the builders throughout the given time frame. Above all, we may retrace the construction processes from the transformation and preparation of the raw materials, notably stone, up until the finished building. It is the possible to assess the surroundings that these constructions offered to their occupants. By recording and analyzing the physical evidence of the building site written into the fabric of each site, archaeology offers a history of construction methods which is often very different from that given by the historical data. Exploiting these otherwise dormant data has shown that buildings archaeology can make a valuable contribution not only to the needs of heritage management but also to scientific research. The thesis is brought to a conclusion by underlining the advantages of professional research based archaeology and by proposing some measures which may improve the integration of archaeology as a distinct discipline within the framework of architectural heritage management and restoration
Lefebvre, Ariane. "« en la ramembrance de la haute renommee du bon roi Artu » : un faux départ arthurien ? Étude des noms propres et des désignations dans Artus de Bretagne". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Rennes 2, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023REN20046.
As vectors of narrative material, proper names ai·e the first clues to the fact that a work belongs to a fictional world. They determine a horizon of expectation, create in the reader the memory of previous stories, from bath oral and written traditions. If its manuscript witnesses and old editions call it Artus le Restoré or Le Petit Artus de Bretaigne, and if modem critic gives it the title Artus de Bretagne, it is because the late navel ( circa 1300) examined here daims to belong to the Arthurian universe because of names like Arthur, Lancelot and Gauvain. But it is neve1iheless a real fake out : it appears on reading the navel that the characters from the Aiihurian universe do not constitute its main concem, while a variety of anthroponyms and toponyms circulates in the text and announces the presence of other subjects. The proper name therefore o:ffers a rich field of investigation for grasping the poetics of the late Arthurian novel. The latter, far from being limited to a single subject, tradition or influence, deconstructs the borders of fiction, plays on the discrepancies and the limits of reality and organizes a geography that traces ultimately porous borders between each fictional world. These are the particulaii.ties that our thesis explores through the analysis of the di:ff erent modalities of the proper name, its conditions of appearance, and its consequences on the poetics of the navel
Abelard, Karine. "Edition scientifique des Chroniques des rois, ducs et princes de Bretagne de Pierre Le Baud, d’après le manuscrit 941 conservé à la Bibliothèque municipale d’Angers". Thesis, Angers, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ANGE0025/document.
The first version of "Chroniques des rois, ducs et princes de Bretagne" was ordered by Jean de Châteaugiron, lord of Derval and Pierre Le Baud finished writing it in 1480. Only two manuscripts reached us : the original, preserved at the Bibliothèque nationale de France (ms fr.8266),was partially edited in 1907 by Charles de LaLande de Calan, whereas the second, which canbe found at the Bibliothèque municipale d'Angers and is a copy of the first, was never transcripted. This edition transcribes the manuscript 941 in its entirety, meaning all the three books written on over 406 folios. This transcription also analyses the method the chronicler used to compile the text, the linguistic characteristics of the scribe andthe differences with the manuscript 8266 of theBibliothèque nationale de France. A glossary, aswell as an index of persons, an index of locations and an index of sources, will also enlighten the historical, geographical and cultural aspects of this publication
Condello, Celia. "Le château ducal de Moulins (Allier) de Louis II de Bourbon à Anne de France : étude historique et archéologique d'une résidence princière (XIVe - XVIe siècle)". Thesis, Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSE2029.
During his history, the ducal castle of Moulins has been subject to several destructions and improvements. Despite this, it still contains elements that should be studied carefully in order to restore its original state. From written sources, one knows at least two major buildings campaigns. First one was initiated by the third duke of Bourbon, Louis II, in the late fourteenth century. The remaining main tower, known as “Mal-Coiffée” ("Untidy Top"), has been dated by dendrochronology around 1399/1400. A second campaign of expansion and redevelopment begins after 1488, commissioned by the Duke of Bourbon, Pierre de Beaujeu and his wife Anne de France, Charles VIII’s sister. This expansion will be completed in the early sixteenth century with the construction of a renaissance architecture portico, very early in France. This thesis combines both History and art history, starting from an archaeological reflection of the remaining buildings. The aim of this work is to combine and compare these different approaches in order to obtain the most comprehensive and exhaustive study of this forgotten site which play a key role in History
Rollier, Gilles. "Implantation et hydraulique monastiques : le cas de Cluny". Thesis, Lyon 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010LYO20056/document.
In 910, abbot Bernon and duke of Aquitaine, Guillaume le Pieux, implanted the abbey of Cluny, in a valley of Mâconnais, on an alluvial terrace formed in the confluence between Grosne and one of his tributaries. This situation offers important possibilities of use of streams for the diverse needs of the monks. The tributary, which will take in the course of the Middle Ages the suggestive name of Médasson, is used for the fountains of the monastery and for the sewer systems where latrines are installed. The mills, which the monastic mill, are built on arms derived of Grosne.By the choice of a site placed in border of river, the founders of Cluny could have perpetuated the traditions of implantation which we can to perceive from the Carolingian period and which will be followed by the Cistercians.In the environment of this site of confluence, the monks of Cluny are gradually going to develop a hydraulic network the complexity of which is bound at the same time to the needs of an important monastic community, to the successive modifications of the Monastic constructions and to the respect for the limits of the immunity territories of the abbey
Genest, Renée. "Les formes circulaires sculptées : Étude de cas : la frise à médaillons du portail roman de l'église abbatiale de Cluny au XIIe et XIIIe siècles". Thesis, Université Laval, 2011. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2011/28813/28813.pdf.
Thomas, Nathalie. "De la conception à l'utilisation des pierres à aiguiser, polissoirs et autres outils de l'abrasion dans le monde égéen à l'âge du Bronze". Thesis, Paris 1, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA01H136/document.
This research aims at investigating the supplying strategies of raw materials selected for the implementation of lithic tools in the Aegean sea during the Bronze Age. Furthermore, it addresses the possible exchange networks responsible for the wider distribution of abrasive rocks. Particularly, all steps of the operational process (chaîne opératoire) were investigated from the extraction of raw materials to the use of the stone tools. These research objectives were addressed through an interdiscipinary approach, which combines the petrographic, morphological, and use-wear analysis of lithic tool implements based on both macroscopic and microscopic observations. The purpose of the use wear analysis was the identification of the different functions among these tools within their historical and archaeological context. Additionally, this study developed a precise terminology of manual movements and gestures associated with the use of these tools by combining ethnographical and experimental data with archaeological evidence
Pelech, Tomasz. "Shaping the Image of Enemy-Infidel in the Relations of Eyewitnesses and Participants of the First Crusade : The Case of Muslims". Thesis, Université Clermont Auvergne (2017-2020), 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020CLFAL002.
The main aim of the doctoral thesis is the issue of the shaping the image of enemy-infidel in the socio-cultural context of the Latin Middle Ages at the end of the 11th and the beginning of the 12th century. The research area is marked by selected written sources with similar genre characteristics (gesta and historia) written by participants of the First Crusade. The thesis studies anonymous Gesta Francorum, Historia de Hierosolymitano Itinere by Peter Tudebode, the Historia Francorum qui ceperunt Iherusalem by Raymond of Aguilers and Fulcher of Chartres' Historia Hierosolymitana: Gesta Francorum Iherusalem peregrinantium. The selection of these works, similar in form, content and time of creation, allows to narrow down and unify the area of analysis, indicate the earliest stage of the process of shaping the image of the enemy-infidel, and at the same time provides a basis for further comparisons
Raveton, Elsa-Chirine. "L'idée de simplicité divine : une lecture de Bonaventure et Thomas d'Aquin". Thesis, Paris 4, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA040138/document.
This study seeks to contribute to a better understanding and comprehension of the idea of divine simplicity, which means the absence in God of any composition. Cornerstone of medieval theological thinking, divine simplicity was rediscovered 35 years ago by philosophers of analytical leanings, who challenged its coherence. It has since formed the subject of abundant philosophical debate, however, the detour via the history of philosophy is necessary in order to draw out the network of concepts, arguments and issues, from where divine simplicity derives its meaning. After the study of the first development of this idea in ancient and patristic texts, and its treatment by Peter Lombard on the eve of the 4th Council of Lateran in 1215, which integrates for the first time divine simplicity in a genuin profession of faith of the magisterium, we shall focus on the works of Bonaventure of Bagnoregio and Thomas Aquinas, who grant this divine attribute a founding role in the study of the mystery of God. The idea of divine simplicity keeps being comprised in the dialectics of similarity and dissimilarity between Creator and creature. While Aquinas associates in an unilateral way absolute simplicity and transcendence of the uncreated, Bonaventure offers also created resemblances of divine simplicity which favour its intuition. Far from appearing incoherent, the idea of divine simplicity is a powerful means to open our minds to a level of superior reality, indeed mysterious, but nevertheless radiant
Cormier, David C. "Les discours de Pierre Plaoul au Parlement de Paris (1406) : un exemple des rhétoriques française et latine au Moyen Âge tardif". Thèse, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/11695.
On May 27th 1406, the Parisian theologian Pierre Plaoul appeared before the court of the Parliament of Paris as a delegate of the University of Paris. His alma mater was involved against the University of Toulouse in an affair concerning the great schism. Plaoul made a speech in Latin, which the court immediately reproved, intimating him to speak French the next time. He did so on his second appearance on June 7th, but in a speech dramatically different from the first one. The French speech had a different genre and cited different authorities. Both instances are preserved in the X1a4787 register of the Archives nationales de France. The edition of both speeches helps us to understand the motivation behind such dramatic changes in style. But above all, it shows that the French speech was perhaps even more scholarly than the Latin one, and that the orator was not at all hindered by the use of French rather than Latin. Further analysis of the text shows that this instance is totally in line with the actual research’s tendency. Rather than viewing the relation between the vernacular and Latin of the late Middle Ages as being diglossic, current research prefers a dynamic of language contact. This view is supported by the many instances of medieval academics exhibit an excellent mastery of high-level French, be they poets, preachers or practitioners of law. A closer look at the use of the vulgar language by the doctors of theology during the reign of Charles VI also supports the hypothesis according to which late medieval scholars considered French as an apporiate mean of transmission for scholarly culture.
Delorme, Genevyève. "La controverse entourant l'attribution des lettres à Héloïse D'Argenteuil dans la correspondance Historia Calamitatum : bilan critique et nouvelles propositions". Mémoire, 2009. http://www.archipel.uqam.ca/2320/1/M11022.pdf.