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Agustiani, Tia, Asep Saefumillah e Hanies Ambarsari. "Studi Pemanfaatan Limbah Biomassa sebagai Raw Material Adsorben SiC dalam Penurunan Konsentrasi Amonia sebagai Parameter Bau dalam Air Limbah". Jurnal Teknologi Lingkungan 22, n. 2 (31 luglio 2021): 190–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.29122/jtl.v22i2.4838.
Abstract (sommario):
ABSTRACT Biomass as raw material is one solution that can be developed in the management of agricultural, plantation, and industrial waste. The utilization of biomass-derived from waste can help reduce pollution and environmental pollution. This research was conducted to make Silicon Carbide (SiC) adsorbent from wood biomass using Sengon sawdust as a source of carbon and non-wood biomass, namely coconut husk, as a source of silica. SiC adsorbent is applied for ammonium adsorption, which has implications on reducing ammonia gas from wastewater, reducing odor. The research methods included isolation of silica and carbon, the production of SiC adsorbent by magnesiothermic reduction, and the characterization of SiC adsorbents with XRD and SEM-EDX. Adsorption capacities of SiC to ammonium were determined according to SiO2:C adsorbent ratios (1:3 and 5:3), adsorbent mass variations, and ammonium concentrations in simulated wastewater using the spectrophotometric method. The results showed that SiC could be used as an adsorbent because there are pores on the surface structure. The optimum SiO2:C adsorbent ratio in adsorbing ammonium was 1:3 (SiC 136) with 45% adsorbed ammonium and an adsorption capacity of 0.47 mg/g. The optimum adsorbent mass in adsorbing ammonium was 0.1 g with 41.77% adsorbed ammonium. The optimum concentration of ammonium in simulated wastewater for ammonium adsorption was 20 mg/L with 46.25% adsorbed ammonium. The adsorption isotherm pattern during the ammonium adsorption process follows the Freundlich isotherm, which means that the adsorption process occurs physically. Keywords: adsorbent, adsorption, ammonia, biomass, coconut husk, SiC ABSTRAK Biomassa sebagai raw material merupakan salah satu solusi yang dapat dikembangkan dalam pengelolaan limbah hasil pertanian, perkebunan, dan industri. Pemanfaatan biomassa yang berasal dari limbah dapat membantu mengurangi tingkat polusi dan pencemaran lingkungan. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk membuat adsorben Silikon Carbida (SiC) dari biomassa kayu yaitu memanfaatkan serbuk gergaji kayu Sengon sebagai sumber karbon dan biomassa non kayu yaitu sabut kelapa sebagai sumber silika. Adsorben SiC diaplikasikan dalam penjerapan amonium yang berimplikasi pada potensi penurunan gas amonia dari air limbah sehingga adsorben SiC berpotensi mengurangi bau dalam air limbah. Metode penelitian meliputi isolasi silika, isolasi karbon, pembuatan adsorben SiC secara reduksi magnesiotermik dan karakterisasi adsorben SiC dengan XRD dan SEM-EDX. Penentuan daya adsorpsi SiC sebagai adsorben terhadap variasi rasio adsorben SiO2:C (1:3 dan 5:3), variasi massa adsorben, variasi konsentrasi limbah simulasi menggunakan metode spektrofotometri. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa SiC dapat digunakan sebagai adsorben karena terdapat pori-pori pada struktur permukaan. Variasi rasio adsorben SiO2:C optimum dalam mengadsorpsi amonium ialah SiC 136 dengan amonium teradsorpsi sebanyak 45% dan kapasitas adsorpsi sebesar 0,47 mg/g. Massa adsorben optimum dalam mengadsorpsi amonium ialah 0,1 g dengan amonium teradsorpsi 41,77%. Konsentrasi optimum limbah simulasi dalam adsorpsi amonium 20 mg/L dengan amonium teradsorpsi 46,25%. Pola isoterm adsorpsi selama proses adsorpsi amonium mengikuti isoterm Freundlich, yang berarti proses adsorpsi cenderung terjadi secara fisika. Kata kunci: adsorben, adsorpsi, amonia, biomassa, sabut kelapa, SiC
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Rybarchuk, O. V., V. I. Dudarev e G. N. Dudareva. "Adsorptive extraction of chromium (VI) ions from corrosive aqueous solutions". Proceedings of Universities. Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology 11, n. 1 (6 aprile 2021): 159–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.21285/2227-2925-2021-11-1-159-164.
Abstract (sommario):
Chromium is one of the most effective metals used for protection and decorative coating of various products. However, chrome plating typically occurs in a strongly acid medium, thus involving the formation of dangerous and corrosive solutions. In this article, we investigate the possibility of removing chromium from such solutions using carbon adsorbents, which allow for almost complete extraction of the metal from production solutions up to a residual content of no more than 0.05 mg/dm3. A significant advantage of carbon adsorbents is their ability to extract chromium (VI) ions without chromium reduction to the trivalent state. It was established that the sorbent under study exhibits the maximum sorption capacity in a strongly acidic medium at pH = 1.2–2.5. This medium causes the formation of a Cr2O7 2- dimer in the solution, which is an adsorbed ion. A scheme of a production unit for chromium adsorption from solutions of electrochemical production was proposed. The choice of an adsorber with a fluidized bed was determined by the maximal interaction of the flow with the adsorbent in such reactors. The adsorber design in the form of a cylindrical column with tapered upper and lower parts assumes installation of distribution grids inside the apparatus. It is proposed to forward the chromium-containing solution of electrochemical production remained after the averaging tank directly to the adsorber with the loading of the carbon adsorbent. In order to ensure the continuity of the extraction mode, it is necessary to apply two parallel working adsorbers, whose technical parameters were calculated to be as follows: the diameter of 1.2 m; the height of 7.5 m; the loading volume of 5.9 m3; and the loading height of 6 m. The calculated process parameters were determined: the linear flow rate along the walls of the adsorber – 12.75 m/h; the duration of the apparatus operation before coal regeneration – 21 days. The proposed scheme can be recommended for recycling water supply.
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Titova, Liubov Mikhailovna, e Diana Zamerovna Naurzgalieva. "Improving the design of devices with random packing due to the uniform distribution of the gas flow". Oil and gas technologies and environmental safety 2023, n. 4 (4 dicembre 2023): 540–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.24143/1812-9498-2023-4-54-61.
Abstract (sommario):
The modern technical level of solving the problem of efficient operation of adsorbers due to the uniform distri-bution of gas inside the apparatus is considered in detail and ways to improve the adsorbers are proposed. The disadvantages of modern designs of adsorbers and the areas of their use are noted. A brief critical analysis of the designs of devices for uniform loading of adsorbent is given. Based on the analysis and experimental studies, the design of the apparatus has been developed, which ensures a uniform distribution of gas flows inside the apparatus. The objective of the experimental studies was to evaluate the characteristics of the developed design of the apparatus for gas adsorption from gas mixtures. Simplicity of dense uniform loading of adsorbent, increase of process efficiency, low hydraulic resistance of the device are provided. To solve these tasks, an experimental setup has been developed to study the efficiency of the adsorption process using the example of adsorption silica gel of water vapor from a mixture with air. It has been experimentally confirmed that the device has competitive advantages. The design provides a tightly packed adsorbent layer, without voids, which means that the uniformity of the load layer in terms of wear and moisture is ensured. In the design of the adsorber, the possibility of entrainment of adsorbent particles during reverse purging is excluded. The design allows you to flexibly change the performance. The total cross-sectional area of the adsorbent increases in proportion to the vertically number of adsorption baskets. An increase in the number of cycles of the adsorption process will entail an increase in the adsorption capacity of the adsorbent. The design of the device helps to reduce energy consumption, reduce capital costs and increase the productivity of the adsorption plant. The introduction of the adsorber into the technology will ensure reliable operation, energy efficiency and high quality of the process.
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Al-Hemiri, Adil A., Mohammed A. Atiya e Farkad A. Lattieff. "Study of Dynamic Sorption in Adsorption Refrigeration Cycle". Journal of Engineering 20, n. 07 (19 giugno 2023): 158–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.31026/j.eng.2014.07.11.
Abstract (sommario):
This paper shows the characteristics of temperature and adsorbed (water vapor) mass rate distribution in the adsorber unit which is the key part to any adsorption refrigeration system. The temperature profiles of adsorption/desorption phases (Dynamic Sorption) are measured experimentally under the operating conditions of 90oC hot water temperature, 30oC cooling water temperature, 35oC adsorption temperature and cycle time of 40 min. Based on the temperature profiles, The mass transfer equations for the annulus adsorbent bed are solved to obtain the distribution of adsorption velocity and adsorbate concentration using non-equilibriummodel. The relation between the adsorption velocity with time is investigated during the process of adsorption. The practical cycles of adsorption and desorption were stated dependent on the variables obtained from the experiment and equations calculations.The results show that the adsorption velocity is diminished after a period of 20 min. The maximum value of the adsorbed water vapor concentration on silica gel is 0.12 kg water/kg adsorbent (adsorption phase) and the minimum value of the water content into silica gel is 0.04 kg water/kg adsorbent (desorption phase) producing a dynamic sorption of kg water/kg adsorbent.
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Strizhenov, Evgeny M., Sergey S. Chugaev, Ilya E. Men’shchikov, Andrey V. Shkolin e Anatoly A. Zherdev. "Heat and Mass Transfer in an Adsorbed Natural Gas Storage System Filled with Monolithic Carbon Adsorbent during Circulating Gas Charging". Nanomaterials 11, n. 12 (2 dicembre 2021): 3274. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano11123274.
Abstract (sommario):
Adsorbed natural gas (ANG) technology is a promising alternative to traditional compressed (CNG) and liquefied (LNG) natural gas systems. Nevertheless, the energy efficiency and storage capacity of an ANG system strongly depends on the thermal management of its inner volume because of significant heat effects occurring during adsorption/desorption processes. In the present work, a prototype of a circulating charging system for an ANG storage tank filled with a monolithic nanoporous carbon adsorbent was studied experimentally under isobaric conditions (0.5–3.5 MPa) at a constant volumetric flow rate (8–18 m3/h) or flow mode (Reynolds number at the adsorber inlet from 100,000 to 220,000). The study of the thermal state of the monolithic adsorbent layer and internal heat exchange processes during the circulating charging of an adsorbed natural gas storage system was carried out. The correlation between the gas flow mode, the dynamic gas flow temperature, and the heat transfer coefficient between the gas and adsorbent was determined. A one-dimensional mathematical model of the circulating low-temperature charging process was developed, the results of which correspond to the experimental measurements.
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Nour, A., H. Tazerouti e Y. Ouragh. "Identification of Parameters W0, n, and D of the Dubinin–Radushkevich Equation". International Journal of Mechanical Engineering Education 31, n. 3 (luglio 2003): 245–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.7227/ijmee.31.3.6.
Abstract (sommario):
This paper considers a cooling system for a thermal engine using heat from exhaust gas. This system uses a physical adsorption process of solid—gas (active carbon and ammonia). An adsorber tubular element of real scale is submitted to heat flux by electrical air heating, simulating exhaust gas. Temperatures and adsorbed mass are measured. Desorption and adsorption phenomena are described by the Dubinin—Radushkevich model equation, m = W0ρ( T) exp[– D( TIn( Ps( T)/ P)) n], where W0, n, and D are parameters characterising the adsorbent—adsorbate couple. These three parameters can be identified from a simple mite method (using data and models) characterising the adsorbent—adsorbate couple chosen.
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Rokhati, Nur, Aji Prasetyaningrum, Nur ‘Aini Hamada, Adi Lamda Cahyo Utomo, Hery Budiarto Kurniawan e Imam Husnan Nugroho. "PEMANFAATAN TONGKOL JAGUNG SEBAGAI ADSORBEN LIMBAH LOGAM BERAT". Jurnal Inovasi Teknik Kimia 6, n. 2 (29 ottobre 2021): 89. http://dx.doi.org/10.31942/inteka.v6i2.5508.
Abstract (sommario):
Logam berat adalah istilah untuk logam-logam seperti Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb, dan Zn yang sering berhubungan dengan polusi dan toksisitas. Adsorpsi merupakan metode yang paling sering digunakan untuk menghilangkan ion logam. Tongkol jagung berpotensi menjadi adsorben karena kadar selulosanya yang tinggi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji performa tongkol jagung sebagai adsorben ion Cr(VI) dan Cd(II). Penelitian dimulai dengan perlakuan awal adsorben dan dilanjutkan dengan proses adsorbsi. Kadar logam berat dihitung dengan metode spektrofotometri. Nilai efisiensi penyerapan Cd(II) meningkat dengan adanya perlakuan awal menggunakan suhu tinggi. Jumlah logam yang terserap semakin banyak seiring dengan lamanya waktu adsorpsi dengan efisiensi penyerapan sebesar 94,76% untuk Cr(VI) dan 83,96% untuk Cd(II). Penambahan jumlah adsorben tongkol jagung juga meningkatkan efisiensi penyerapan logam kromium hingga 82,33% dan kadmium sebesar 83,98%. Sedangkan jumlah ion Cr(VI) yang terserap tidak linear dengan penambahan kecepatan pengadukan. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, dapat disimpulkan bahwa tongkol jagung berpotensi digunakan sebagai adsorben ion logam berat dengan efisiensi di atas 80%. Kata kunci: adsorpsi, kadmium, kromium, tongkol jagung AbstractHeavy metal is a term for metals such as Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb, and Zn, often associated with pollution and toxicity. Adsorption is the most commonly used method to remove metal ions. Corncob have the potential to be an adsorbent because of their high cellulose content. This study aimed to examine the performance of corncob as an adsorbent of Cr(VI) and Cd(II) ions. The study began with the pretreatment of the adsorbent and continued with the adsorption process. Heavy metal concentration was calculated by the spectrophotometric method. The value of the absorption efficiency of Cd(II) increased with the pretreatment using high temperature. The amount of metal adsorbed increased with the length of adsorption time with the absorption efficiency of 94.76% for Cr(VI) and 83.96% for Cd(II). The addition of corncob adsorbent also increased the efficiency of chromium metal absorption up to 82.33% and cadmium by 83.98%. Meanwhile, the amount of Cr(VI) ion adsorbed was not linear with increasing stirring speed. Based on the results, it can be concluded that corncob could be used as heavy metal ion adsorbents with an efficiency above 80%. Keywords: adsorption, cadmium, chromium, corn cob
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Irdhawati, Irdhawati, Alling Andini e Made Arsa. "DAYA SERAP KULIT KACANG TANAH TERAKTIVASI ASAM BASA DALAM MENYERAP ION FOSFAT SECARA BATH DENGAN METODE BATH". Jurnal Kimia Riset 1, n. 1 (29 agosto 2016): 52. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/jkr.v1i1.2443.
Abstract (sommario):
AbstrakKulit kacang tanah digunakan sebagai adsorben untuk menyerap ion fosfat dalam larutan. Sebelum digunakan sebagai adsorben, kulit kacang tanah dicuci, dikeringkan, dihaluskan menggunakan blender dan diayak dengan ukuran partikel ≤ 100 mesh. Serbuk halus diaktifkan dengan asam (H2SO4) dan basa (NaOH) pada berbagai konsentrasi. Selanjutnya, adsorben dengan dan tanpa aktivasi digunakan untuk menentukan kadar fosfat yang terserap secara optimum. Parameter adsorpsi yang digunakan adalah waktu kontak dan kapasitas adsorpsi. Kapasitas adsorpsi diukur dengan mereaksikan ion fosfat dengan adsorben, dan sisa analit dalam larutan ditambahkan dengan amonium molibdat membentuk senyawa kompleks amonium fosfomolibdat berwarna biru dalam larutan asam. Konsentrasi senyawa kompleks ditentukan dengan metode spektrofotometri UV-Visible.Hasil dalam proses aktivasi menunjukkan konsentrasi optimum asam adalah 0,05 M, dan basa sebesar 0,5 M. Waktu kontak optimum diperoleh 45 menit untuk adsorben tanpa aktivasi dan aktivasi basa, sedangkan untuk aktivasi asam 30 menit. Kapasitas adsorpsi optimum berturut-turut adalah 8,5 mg/g; 8,8 mg/g, dan 10,4 mg/g menggunakan adsorben tanpa aktivasi, teraktivasi asam dan teraktivasi basa. Adsorben teraktivasi basa memiliki kapasitas adsorpsi tertinggi dibandingkan adsorben tanpa aktivasi dan teraktivasi asam. Kata kunci: kulit kacang tanah, ion fosfat, adsorpsi, amonium fosfomolibdat AbstractPeanut shell was used as adsorbent to adsorb phosphate ion in solution. Before using as adsorbent, the peanut shell was washed, dried, mashed and sifted with particle size <100 mesh. The fine powder was activated by acid (H2SO4) and base (NaOH) with various concentrations. Furthermore, the adsorbent with and without activation was used to determine the optimum phosphate concentration that can be adsorbed. The parameters adsorption such as contact time and adsorption capacity, were examined. The adsorption capacity was measured by reacting the phosphate ion with adsorbent, and the rest of analyte in the solution reacted with ammonium molybdate formed ammonium phospho molybdate complex compound whose blue color in acidic solution. The concentration of complex compound can be determined by UV-Visible spectrophotometry method. The results in activation process showed the optimum concentration of acid is 0.05 M, and base is 0.5 M. The optimum contact time obtained 45 minutes for adsorbent without and base activated, while 30 minutes for acid activated. The optimum adsorption capacity is 8.5 mg/g, 8.8 mg/g, and 10.4 mg/g using adsorbent without, acid, and base activated, respectively. Adsorbent in base activated has the highest adsorption capacity compared with no and acid activated. Keywords: peanut shell, phosphate ion, adsorption, ammonium phospho molybdate
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Amne, Dinda Prihatini Fitri, Hery Gunawan Togatorop, Putri Sintiani e Lisnawaty Simatupang. "Penjernihan Minyak Jelantah menggunakan Adsorben Kulit Durian (Durio zibethinus) Teraktivasi Kalium Hidroksida". Jurnal Sains dan Terapan Kimia 14, n. 1 (2 febbraio 2020): 29. http://dx.doi.org/10.20527/jstk.v14i1.6626.
Abstract (sommario):
Minyak jelantah merupakan sisa penggunaan bahan pangan, jika di konsumsi akan berbahaya bagi kesehatan. Kegiatan penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjernihkan minyak jelantah menggunakan adsorben kitozenus yaitu dari limbah kulit durian. Metode penelitian secara laboratorium dengan metode fisika dan kimia. Hasil penelitian dilihat dari kualitas minyak jelantah setelah dijernihkan, yaitu dengan mengetahui bilangan iod dan perubahan warna. Proses pembuatan adsorben kitozenus menggunakan limbah kulit durian dengan diaktivasi KOH variasi konsentrasi 25%, 27% dan 30%. Yang sebelumnya adsorben melalui tahap karbonisasi dan setelahnya dilanjutkan dengan tahap kalsinasi pada suhu 900oC. Adsorben kitozenus yang telah diperoleh kemudian dikarakterisasi dengan uji FTIR, SEM dan XRD. Hasil FTIR menunjukkan pada sampel adsorben Kitozenus dapat diketahui bahwa pada adsorben Kitozenus tampak pola yang hampir sama, diperoleh dengan variasi konsentrasi 30% puncak serapan pada bilangan gelombang 1033,85 cm-1 yang merupakan vibrasi ulur asimetri dari gugus Si-O pada gugus siloksan (Si-O-Si). Variasi konsentrasi alkalis (KOH) 25%, 27%, dan 30% untuk aktivasi adsorben kitozenus menunjukkan semakin tinggi konsentrasi KOH (Alkalis) maka puncak serapan untuk Si-O pada adsorben semakin rendah. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa semakin banyak silaka yang lepas dari adsorben (proses desilikalisasi). Hasil uji SEM menunjukkan dengan konsentrasi 30% lebih baik diantara semua variasi yaitu terlihat bahwa adsorben kitozenus memiliki rongga-rongga pori yang banyak dan tampak lebih jelas. Hasil bilangan iod yang diperoleh dari ketiga variasi yaitu 6,143 (25%), 5,314 (27%) dan 7,906 (30%). dan menunjukkan perubahan warna setelah penjernihan menggunakan adsorben kitozenus.Kata Kunci: adsorben, bilangan iod, minyak jelantah.Used cooking oil is the rest of the use of food, if consumed will be harmful to health. The purpose of this research is to purify used cooking oil using adsorbent kitozenus, which is from durian skin waste. Laboratory research methods using physical and chemical methods. The results of the study are seen from the quality of used cooking oil after being cleared, namely by knowing iodine numbers and color changes. The process of making kitozenus adsorbent uses durian skin waste by activating KOH variations in concentrations of 25%, 27% and 30%. The previous one was adsorbed through the carbonization stage and after that it was continued with the calcination stage at 900oC. The obtained kitozenus adsorbent was then characterized by FTIR, SEM and XRD tests. FTIR results showed that in the Kitozenus adsorbent sample it can be seen that on the Kitozenus adsorbent there was a similar pattern, obtained by varying the concentration of 30% absorption peak at wave number 1033.85 cm-1 which is the asymmetric stretching vibration of the Si-O group in the siloxane group ( Si-O-Si). The variations in alkaline concentration (KOH) of 25%, 27%, and 30% for activation of the kitozenus adsorbent showed that the higher the concentration of KOH (Alkalis), the higher the absorption peak for Si-O on the adsorbent. This shows that more and more silaka are separated from the adsorbent (desilicalization process). The SEM test results showed that with a concentration of 30% better among all variations, it was seen that the adsorbent kitozenus had many pores. The iodine numbers obtained from the three variations were 6,143 (25%), 5,314 (27%) and 7,906 (30%) and showed color changes after purification using the kitozenus adsorbent.Keywords: adsorbent, iodine number, used cooking oil
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Allouache, Nadia, Rachid Bennacer, Salahs Chikh, A. Al Mers e N. Mimouni. "Modeling of Heat and Mass Transfer in an Annular Adsorber for Solar Cooling Machine: Performance Coefficients". Defect and Diffusion Forum 312-315 (aprile 2011): 641–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ddf.312-315.641.
Abstract (sommario):
The primary aim of this study is to simulate numerically the heat and mass transfer characteristics in the annular adsorber that is the most important component of the solar cooling machine, and to evaluate the solar and thermal coefficients of performance as an optimisation criterion of the system, for different adsorbent/adsorbate pairs. The porous medium constituted of the adsorbent/adsorbate is contained in the annular space and it is heated by solar energy. A general model equation is used for modeling the transient heat and mass transfer. The adsorption phenomenon is described by using different models of solid-adsorbate equilibrium. Effects of the key parameters on the adsorbed quantity, the generating temperature, the performance coefficients and thus on the system performances are investigated.
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Yang, Xiong, Haoyu Wang, Jiangwei Chen, Ziyi Li, Yingshu Liu, Chuanzhao Zhang e Yi Xing. "Two-Dimensional Modeling of Pressure Swing Adsorption (PSA) Oxygen Generation with Radial-Flow Adsorber". Applied Sciences 9, n. 6 (19 marzo 2019): 1153. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9061153.
Abstract (sommario):
Radial flow is an important type of flow direction for large-scale pressure swing adsorption (PSA) oxygen generation systems. In this study, a numerical simulation of a PSA oxygen generation process based on radial-flow adsorbers was performed with two-dimensional CFD modeling. The gas distribution, the maldistribution factor and the pressure difference were comparatively investigated at each flow type of the radial-flow adsorber. Considering the gas adsorption performance, the results indicated that the centripetal π-flow radial adsorber has the best flow characteristics for the PSA process. The oxygen purity distribution within the adsorption bed was studied to compare centripetal and centrifugal π-flows, and the former was shown to perform better on oxygen enrichment and adsorbent desorption. The steady state was achieved after eight cycles for the centripetal-π adsorber and each of the four steps of the PSA process was explored in detail to show the advantageous properties for oxygen generation in terms of adsorption and desorption. The relationships between the product flow rate and the oxygen purity and recovery were further investigated.
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Hilbrandt, Inga, Aki Sebastian Ruhl e Martin Jekel. "Testing monolithic activated carbon adsorbers for in-line removal of organic micropollutants". Water Supply 16, n. 6 (1 giugno 2016): 1693–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/ws.2016.094.
Abstract (sommario):
Anthropogenic organic micropollutants (OMP) occur along the whole urban water cycle including drinking water. Various OMP can be efficiently adsorbed onto activated carbon. In the present study a commercial monolithic adsorber (MA), originally developed for gas treatment, was examined for the removal of OMP from drinking water. As a promising advantage, the adsorber can be introduced into existing pipes without causing substantial pressure losses. The MA was first characterized with scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. Weight loss during incineration at 550 °C indicated an activated carbon content of around 25%. Adsorption isotherms were recorded with milled material of the MA to estimate the capacity of the embedded adsorbent. Long-term flow-through experiments with two different flow rates were conducted to estimate the in-line removal efficiency. At low flow rates removals of 60% benzotriazole, 40% carbamazepine and 30% diclofenac were observed initially followed by a linear increase of effluent concentrations. Calculated loadings after 60 days of operation were e.g. 30 μg benzotriazole per g adsorber or 110 μg benzotriazole per g activated carbon as constituent of the adsorber. For specific applications, MA might be useful for the in-line elimination of OMP within drinking water distribution systems.
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Amran, Fadina, Nur Fatiah Zainuddin e Muhammad Abbas Ahmad Zaini. "Two-Stage Adsorber Design for Methylene Blue Removal by Coconut Shell Activated Carbon". Malaysian Journal of Fundamental and Applied Sciences 17, n. 6 (31 dicembre 2021): 768–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.11113/mjfas.v17n6.2303.
Abstract (sommario):
The present work was aimed at evaluating the performance of two-stage adsorber for methylene blue removal by coconut shell activated carbon in minimizing the adsorbent mass and contact time. The Langmuir constants were used to evaluate the optimum mass, while the pseudo-second-order constants for contact time. Results show that the adsorbent mass can only be minimized by 0.01 % due to the high adsorbent affinity towards methylene blue, while the contact time has been optimized to 12.2 min at the studied conditions. The effect of adsorbent affinity in two-stage adsorber was analyzed to shed some light about its importance in the design of two-stage adsorber. The performance evaluation was also discussed to bring insight into wastewater treatment applications.
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Satayev, Marat, Abdugani Azimov, Gani Iztleuov e Lazzat Satayeva. "Modeling the Structure and Diffusion of Porous Layers". Water 16, n. 1 (2 gennaio 2024): 172. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w16010172.
Abstract (sommario):
The aim of this work is to develop an adsorber with a fixed bed of adsorbent and a mathematical model of the adsorption bed. On the basis of the theory of fractal clusters, an equation for calculating the layer porosity that takes into account the average cluster radius, the fractal dimension of the cluster structure and the anisotropy index of the adsorbent layer is proposed. The adsorption mechanism in the layer was established, and the proportionality coefficients were estimated based on the tetrahedral packing of grains in the layer. Based on the analysis of the movement of the carrier through the adsorption layer and its deformation, an equation that describes the change in the porosity of the granular layer when the water flow moves through it, depending on the proportionality coefficients, is proposed. An equation that made it possible to calculate the change in the porosity of the layer in comparison with the porosity of the stationary stacking was obtained. An effective design for the adsorber that made it possible to increase the efficiency of using the structure of porous adsorption layers was developed. Equations of the heat and mass transfer taking into account the granule shape coefficient, effective diffusion coefficient and mass transfer coefficient were derived. These equations establish the relationship between the average distance between active centers on the adsorption surface and the degree of filling of the adsorption surface with the adsorbed component.
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Mohammed, Sawsan A. M., Sarmad Foad e Haider Abbas Shanshool. "TREATMENT OF A HIGH STRENGTH ACIDIC INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL WASTEWATER USING EXPANDED BED ADSORBER". Journal of Engineering 17, n. 1 (1 gennaio 2011): 103–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.31026/j.eng.2011.01.08.
Abstract (sommario):
Treatment of a high strength acidic industrial wastewater was attempted by activated carbonadsorption to evaluate the feasibility of yielding effluents of reusable qualities. The experimentalmethods which were employed in this investigation included batch and column studies. Theformer was used to evaluate the rate and equilibrium of carbon adsorption, while the latter wasused to determine treatment efficiencies and performance characteristics. Fixed bed and expandedbed adsorbers were constructed in the column studies. In this study, the adsorption behavior of acetic acid onto activated carbon was examined as a function of the concentration of the adsorbate, contact time and adsorbent dosage. The adsorption data was modeled with Freundlich and Langmuir adsorption isotherms.The amount of acetic acid adsorbed increased with the decrease in initial concentration of acetic acid and increased with the increase in contact time and adsorbent dose. The effects of variousimportant and influencing parameters such as flow rate, bed height, inlet adsorbate concentrationon breakthrough curve are studied in details in the column studies.
16
Irabor E. E. I, Okunseri N. A. e Unuigbe C. A. "Adsorption of heavy metals (lead and chromium) by Calliandra surinamensis chaff". GSC Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences 23, n. 2 (30 maggio 2023): 091–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/gscbps.2023.23.2.0172.
Abstract (sommario):
Adsorption is one of the most effective ways of removing heavy metals such as Cu, Zn, Pb etc from media. This research work investigated the adsorption efficiency of Calliandra surinamensis pod chaff (Powder Puff flower) for the removal of heavy metals from their aqueous solutions using its chaff as the absorbent. C. surinamensis chaff was activated using ZnCl2 solution in water. The activated carbon obtained was characterized in terms of functional groups present in the carbon using FTIR which gave the infrared spectra of the activated carbon of the sample material. The impact of varying adsorption parameters such as pH of the solution, adsorbent dosage, particle size of the adsorbent and contact time on the amounts of lead and chromium removed from their solutions were evaluated to determine the maximum amounts of the metals adsorbed by changing the initial concentrations of the metals from 10 to 50 mg/l in solution. Analysis of variance was also done to determine the effects of varying process variables on the amounts of metals adsorbed. Increase in the process variables considered, pH, adsorbent dosage, particle size and contact time led to a corresponding increase in the amounts of lead and chromium adsorbed according to the order 10<20<30<40<50 mg/l. However, chromium was more adsorbed than lead as pH, adsorbent dosage and contact time increased while lead was more adsorbed with increasing particle size. Analysis of variance showed a p-value > 0.05 for pH and >0.10 for contact time showed that the variation in pH and contact time were not significant on the amounts of lead adsorbed by the adsorbent. While the p-value <0.005 for pH and adsorbent dosage and <0.05 for particle size showed that variations in adsorbent dosage and particle size are significant on the amounts of lead adsorbed. Also, for chromium, a p-value of 0.0145, 0.0001 and 0.0034 for pH, adsorbent dosage and particle size respectively showed that variations in pH, adsorbent dosage and particle size were significant on the amounts of chromium adsorbed by the adsorbent, while a p-value of 0.1679 for contact time showed that variation in contact time has no significant effect on the amount of chromium adsorbed by the adsorbent. In conclusion, C. surinamensis activated carbon is a promising and environmental friendly adsorbent for the treatment of aqueous solutions laden with heavy metals of lead and chromium.
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Ugale, Vinayak D., e Amol D. Pitale. "A Review on Working Pair Used in Adsorption Cooling System". International Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration 23, n. 02 (27 maggio 2015): 1530001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2010132515300013.
Abstract (sommario):
Adsorption cooling system find its application in refrigeration, air conditioning, chiller, Ice making, etc. It uses thermal energy as driving force. Adsorption systems are environmental friendly (zero global warming potential and ozone depleting potential) and also eliminates use of compressor and minimize vibration problem. So it can be used as substitute for conventional vapor compression refrigeration system or vapor absorption system. The adsorption generally classified in two types as physical adsorption (due to weak van der waal forces) and chemical adsorption (chemical reaction between adsorbent and adsorbate form new molecules). The working pair of adsorber and adsorbate play vital role in the performance of adsorption system. Activated carbon, zeolite, silica gel are commonly used adsorber and water, ammonia, methanol and ethanol can be used as adsorbate. The poor heat and mass transfer performance of adsorption is major challenge for researchers. The heat transfer performance of adsorption system can be increased by increasing heat transfer area of adsorber bed i.e., design of new adsorber bed, while mass transfer performance is improved by use of new adsorbent with higher sorption rate. Composite adsorber solve the problem of heat and mass transfer performance of chemical adsorbents and adsorption quantity of physical adsorbents by combination of chemical and physical adsorbent but it can add some limitation with it. In this paper, various adsorption pair, their selection, design of adsorber bed, methods to improve thermal performance of adsorber bed is reviewed with their properties, advantages and limitations.
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Afrianita, Reri, e Yommi Dewilda. "EFISIENSI DAN KAPASITAS PENYERAPAN FLY ASH SEBAGAI ADSORBEN DALAM PENYISIHAN LOGAM TIMBAL (Pb) LIMBAH CAIR INDUSTRI PERCETAKAN DI KOTA PADANG". Jurnal Dampak 10, n. 1 (1 gennaio 2013): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.25077/dampak.10.1.1-10.2013.
Abstract (sommario):
ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan kondisi optimum fly ash sebagai adsorben dalam menyisihan logam timbal (Pb). Penelitian adsorpsi dilakukan secara batch dengan menggunakan larutan artifisial Pb dengan variasi diameter adsorben, berat adsorben, waktu kontak dan kecepatan pengadukan. Hasil penelitian diperoleh kondisi optimum untuk setiap variasi parameter adalah diameter adsorben 0,075-0,14 mm, berat adsorben 1 gam, pH adsorbat 4, waktu kontak 60 menit, dan kecepatan pengadukan 120 rpm. Dapat disimpulkan makin kecil adsorben, maka semakin luas permukaan aktif pada adsorben serta kecepatan pengadukan yang rendah menyebabkan kurang efektifnya tumbukan yang terjadi antar adsorben dan adsorbat.Kata kunci: adsorpsi, fly ash, logam timbal (Pb), kondisi optimum.ABSTRACTThe aim of this research is to determine optimum conditionof fly ash as the adsorbent in the removal of lead (Pb) in water. The research was conducted in a batch method by using artificial Pb with different adsorbent diameters, contact times and mixing rates. Result showed the optimum condition of adsorbent diameter was 0.075-0.14 mm with weight of 1 gram, adsorbate pH of 4, contact time of 60 minutes, and the mixing rate of 120 rpm. From this research, it can be concluded that the less of adsorbent size will lead to the larger active surface area and the slower mixing rate will cause to the less effectiveness of adsorbent and adsorbate collision in water.Keywords:adsorption, fly ash, lead (Pb), optimum condition
19
HR, Yuliani, Elizabet Alwina, Isma Ayu Ningsih Putri Zainal, Ida Adriani Idris, Haera Setiadi e Andi Musfira Adhar. "Methylene Blue Adsorption With KOH Activated Carbon From Kluwak Shell". Jurnal Kimia dan Rekayasa 2, n. 1 (20 luglio 2021): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.31001/jkireka.v2i1.20.
Abstract (sommario):
Kluwak is a plant whose meat is used as the main ingredient in making rawon. The flesh is located in the seed which taken of meat, leaves only the shell that has not been utilized and becomes waste. The use of kluwak shell directly as an adsorbent has not been maximized so that it is carbonized and activated using KOH. This study aims to utilize kluwak shell carbon without activation and KOH activation as adsorbent. Adsorption was carried out on methylene blue adsorption with 5 variations of concentration. Variations in KOH concentrations of 0, 1, 3 and 5 M and concentrations of methylene blue 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100 ppm. The study that was reviewed was how the effect of activation on the performance of the adsorbent by determining the Ce value using UV-Vis at a wavelength of 662 nm, calculating the % absorption, and maximum capacity (qm) using the Langmuir equation for each variable. Adsorption took place in a batch system for 90 minutes at a shaker speed of 300 rpm and the weight of kluwak shell carbon without activation (KTKTA) and Activation (KTKA) was 0.15 g. The results showed that the activation can improve the performance of the adsorbent. The average percent adsorbed for 0.15 g of adsorbent, 53.88% KTKTA and 99.96% KTKA. The maximum adsorption capacity (qm) for KTKTA was 15.86 mg/g and 36.19 mg/g for KTKA on 5M KOH activation.
AbstrakKluwak merupakan tumbuhan yang dagingnya dimanfaatkan bahan utama dalam pembuatan rawon. Daging terletak dalam biji yang jika diambil isinya maka tertinggal hanyalah tempurung yang belum dimanfaatkan dan menjadi limbah. Penggunaan tempurung kluwak secara langsung sebagai bahan penjerap belum maksimal sehingga dikarbonkan dan diaktivasi menggunakan KOH. Penelitian ini bertujuan memanfaatkan karbon tempurung kluwak tanpa aktivasi dan aktivasi KOH sebagai adsorben. Adsorpsi dilakukan pada penjerapan metilen biru dengan 5 variasi konsentrasi. Variasi konsentrasi KOH 0, 1, 3 dan 5 M dan konsentrasi metilen biru 20, 40, 60, 80 dan 100 ppm. Kajian yang ditinjau yaitu bagaimana pengaruh aktivasi terhadap kinerja adsorben dengan menentukan nilai Ce menggunakan UV-Vis pada Panjang gelombang 662 nm, menghitung % penjeran, dan kapasitas maksimum (qm) menggunakan persamaan Langmuir pada tiap variabel. Adsorpsi berlangsung dengan system batch selama 90 menit pada kecepatan shaker 300 rpm dan berat karbon tempurung kluwak tanpa aktivasi (KTKTA) dan Aktivasi (KTKA) sebanyak 0.15 g. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa aktivasi dapat meningkatkan kinerja adsorben. Rata rata persen terjerap untuk 0.15 g adsorben, KTKTA 53.88 % dan KTKA sebesar 99.96%. Kapasitas adsorpsi maksimum (qm) untuk KTKTA sebesar 15.86 mg/g dan 36.19 mg/g untuk KTKA pada aktivasi KOH 5M.
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Priadi, Cindy Rianti, Anita Anita, Putri Nilam Sari e Setyo Sarwanto Moersidik. "ADSORPSI LOGAM SENG (Zn) DAN TIMBAL (Pb) PADA LIMBAH CAIR INDUSTRI KERAMIK OLEH TANAH LIAT". Reaktor 15, n. 1 (6 aprile 2014): 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/reaktor.15.1.10-19.
Abstract (sommario):
ADSORPTION OF ZINC AND LEAD FROM CERAMIC WASTEWATER USING CLAY. Ceramic industry generates glaze wastewater and clay waste. Glaze wastewater contains heavy metal from ceramic painting process which can potentially cause severe pollution problem. Glaze wastewater from PT.X typically contains Cd (0.013 mg/L); Cu (0.033 mg/L); Pb (1.20 mg/L); and Zn (7.00 mg/L). Clay waste used as adsorbent to reduce heavy metal amount in glaze wastewater. The present study investigates in bench scale and uses batch adsorption method to determine effective adsorbent amount and contact time in removing heavy metals in glaze wastewater in order to fulfill the discharge requirement based on regulation of Minister of Environment No.16/2008concerning effluent water standard for ceramic industries. The results showed that the effective adsorbent amount and contact time respectively are 5 g/L and 15 minutes with pH 8 and stirring speed of 150 rpm. Concentration of heavy metal adsorbed are 0,614 mg/L and 2,07 mg/L for lead (Pb) and zinc (Zn) with removal efficiency up to 61.0% for Pb and 9.8% for Zn.From this study clay waste could be potentially used as an adsorbent to reduce heavy metal amount in glaze wastewater. Keywords: adsorption, clay waste, heavy metals Abstrak Industri keramik menghasilkan limbah glasir dan limbah tanah liat. Limbah glasir mengandung logam berat yang berasal dari proses pewarnaan keramik dan berpotensi mencemari lingkungan. Kandungan logam berat pada limbah glasir PT.X yaitu Cd (0,013 mg/L); Cu (0,033 mg/L); Pb (1,20 mg/L); dan Zn (7,00 mg/L). Limbah tanah liat digunakan sebagai adsorben yang berguna mengurangi kadar logam berat pada limbah glasir.Penelitian ini dilakukan dalam skala laboratorium menggunakan metode batch adsorpsi untuk menentukan dosis adsorben dan waktu kontak yang efektif dalam mengolah limbah glasir agar memenuhi persyaratan Peraturan Menteri Negara Lingkungan Hidup Nomor 16 Tahun 2008 tentang baku mutu air limbah bagi usaha dan/atau kegiatan industri keramik. Hasil penelitian menunjukan dosis efektif adsorben sebesar 5 g/L dan waktu kontak 15 menit dengan kondisi pH 8 dan kecepatan pengadukan 150 rpm. Kadar logam setelah diadsorpsi telah mencapai baku mutu yaitu sebesar 0,614 mg/L dan 2,07 mg/L untuk Pb dan Zn dengan efisiensi pengurangan kadar logam Pb sebesar 61% dan Zn sebesar 9,8%. Dari hasil penelitian didapatkan data bahwa limbah tanah liat berpotensi dijadikan adsorben untuk mengurangi kandungan logam pada limbah cair industri keramik.
21
Mo, Wei, Shao Jian Ma, Qin Deng, Mei Qun Lin e Gui Fang Wang. "Experimental Study on the Desorption and Regeneration of a Novel Granular Bentonite Composite Adsorbent". Advanced Materials Research 158 (novembre 2010): 81–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.158.81.
Abstract (sommario):
The desorption and regeneration of a novel granular bentonite composite adsorbent were investigated in this paper. Copper ions were adsorbed onto the composite adsorbent firstly, then the effects of reagent categories, reagent concentration, desorption time, adsorbed copper ion amount, and temperature on the desorption and regeneration of the adsorbent were studied. The results show that the desorption and regeneration of the composite adsorbent adsorbed copper ions can be carried out by acids, alkalis, or salts. The desorption and regeneration efficiency are closely connected with the experimental conditions and the categories of chemical reagents. Acids have the desorption capacity for composite adsorbent after adsorbing, but they need to be regenerated by other methods. Salts have both desorption and regeneration capacity. Alkalis show the strongest desorption and regeneration capacity.
22
Piskovatska, Veronika, Alexander Navarrete Santos, Katrin Kalies, Edina Korca, Markus Stiller, Gábor Szabó, Andreas Simm e Kristin Wächter. "Proteins Adsorbed during Intraoperative Hemoadsorption and Their In Vitro Effects on Endothelium". Healthcare 11, n. 3 (19 gennaio 2023): 310. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/healthcare11030310.
Abstract (sommario):
(1) Background: Hemoadsorption is a method of blood purification with a wide spectrum of indications. Pre-emptive use of hemoadsorption in patients undergoing heart surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass is considered to reduce the risk of postoperative systemic inflammatory response syndrome. The current study aimed to identify the spectrum of blood proteins adsorbed on the polymer matrix of the CytoSorb hemoadsorption system and to investigate their influence on cultured endothelial cells in vitro. (2) Methods: Adsorbers used for intraoperative hemoadsorption were obtained from patients undergoing on-pump valve surgery in acute endocarditis. Proteins were extracted from the adsorbers, purified, identified with mass-spectrometry and applied to cultured human aortic endothelial cells. (3) Results: A broad range of blood proteins were identified in the material eluted from the CytoSorb adsorber. When added to cultured ECs, these protein extracts caused severe reduction in cell viability and migration. After 24 h exposure, transcriptional changes with up-regulation of multiple metabolic regulators were observed and verified on the protein level. Genes responsible for control of mitosis were significantly down-regulated. (4) Conclusions: In summary, our data reveal that intraoperative hemoadsorption allows broad spectrum removal of a wide range of molecules eliciting endothelial damage.
23
Yusda, Sari. "PERMURNIAN MINYAK KEMIRI DENGAN ADSORBSI BENTONIT UNTUK MERUBAH KARAKTERISTIK MUTU". JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING, MANUFACTURES, MATERIALS AND ENERGY 1, n. 2 (29 giugno 2018): 76. http://dx.doi.org/10.31289/jmemme.v1i2.1194.
Abstract (sommario):
<em>Perencanaan alat pemurnian ini merupakan teknologi alternatif untuk memurnikan minyak kemiri dengan memanfaatkan bentonit alam sebagai adsorben. Jenis alat adsorpsi adalah type fixed bed coloums (silinder tegak), dimana kolom dilengkapi unggun adsorben bentonit. Alat pemurnian minyak kemiri ini dirancang dengan kapasitas 5 liter. Bahan rancangan menggunakan pipa PVC setinggi 160 cm, sedangkan untuk media kolom adsorber terbuat dari bahan acrylic 2 inc setinggi 30 cm yang berdiameter rata-rata 50 mm, Bentonit sebagai adsorben diisi kedalam kolom setinggi 80 cm. Adsorber juga dilengkapi dengan media filter halus dibagian atas dan dibagian bawah. Untuk mensirkulasi minyak kemiri secara kontinyu adsorber dilengkapi dengan pompa tekanan rendah. Ukuran bentonit 10 mesh, 20 mesh dan 30 mesh dibakar dalam furnace mencapai suhu 300<sup> 0</sup>C selanjutnya diaktifasi dengan H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> 1 M dengan cara perendaman. Setelah pembilasan dengan aquadest bentonit dikeringkan dalam oven pada suhu 110<sup>o</sup>C. Untuk menganalisa kinerja adsorber dilakukan pengoperasian peralatan dengan menganalisa sampel pada waktu sirkulasi 15, dan 30 menit. Dari hasil penelitian semakin lama waktu sirkulasi (30 menit) dan ukuran partikel bentonit sebagai adsorben semakin mengecil (30 mesh), minyak kemiri yang dihasilkan semakin murni. Indek bias sebesar 1,475, Bobot jenis 0,92895 dan nilai kalor 33486. Hasil permunian minyak kemiri menggunakan adsorben bentonit alam sesuai dengan standar mutu SNI 01-4462-1998.</em>
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A. M. Mohammed, Sawsan, Ibtihage Faisal e Maha M. Alwan. "Oily Wastewater Treatment Using Expanded Beds of Activated Carbon and Zeolite". Iraqi Journal of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering 12, n. 1 (30 marzo 2011): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.31699/ijcpe.2011.1.1.
Abstract (sommario):
Two types of adsorbents were used to treat oily wastewater, activated carbon and zeolite. The removal efficiencies of these materials were compared to each other. The results showed that activated carbon performed some better properties in removal of oil. The experimental methods which were employed in this investigation included batch and column studies. The former was used to evaluate the rate and equilibrium of carbon and zeolie adsorption, while the latter was used to determine treatment efficiencies and performance characteristics. Expanded bed adsorber was constructed in the column studies. In this study, the adsorption behavior of vegetable oil (corn oil) onto activated carbon and zeolite was examined as a function of the concentration of the adsorbate, contact time, adsorbent dosage and amount of coagulant salt(calcium sulphate) added . The adsorption data was modeled with Freundlich and Langmuir adsorption isotherms. and it was found that the adsorption process on activated carbon and zeolite fit the Freundlich isotherm model. The amount of oil adsorbed increased with increasing the contact time, but longer mixing duration did not increase residual oil removal from wastewater due to the coverage of the adsorbent surface with oil molecules. It was found that as the dosage of adsorbent increased, the percentage of residual oil removal also increased. The effects of adsorbent type and amount of coagulant salt(calcium sulphate) added on the breakthrough curve were studied in details in the column studies. Expanded bed behavior was modeled using the Richardson-Zaki correlation between the superficial velocity of the feed stream and the void fraction of the bed at moderate Reynolds number.
25
Sarawanan, Tivya, Sirajo Lawal e Muhammad Abbas Ahmad Zaini. "Malachite green adsorption by calcium-rich crab shell char via two-stage adsorber design". Ovidius University Annals of Chemistry 33, n. 1 (1 gennaio 2022): 36–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/auoc-2022-0005.
Abstract (sommario):
Abstract The present work was aimed to evaluate the optimum mass of crab shell biochar and adsorption contact time in a two-stage adsorber design for malachite green. The model was developed to predict optimum adsorbent mass and adsorption profiles at specified volumes and concentrations of dye effluent. Results show that the adsorbent mass can only be reduced by 1.91 % because of the adsorbent’s strong affinity towards malachite green. Accordingly, the adsorption contact time to achieve equilibrium has dramatically reduced from 150 min to 31 min. In the performance evaluation, the adsorbent mass in stage-1 is always higher than that in stage-2 to subside the adsorbent load in achieving the target removal at optimum dosage. From the response surface methodology, the most significant parameters in two-stage adsorber design are adsorption time at stage-2 and malachite green concentration. The predicted values of adsorbent mass and time are essential in designing the cost-competitive two-stage adsorption process for industrial wastewater treatment.
26
Bobok, Daniel, e Elemír Kossaczký. "Some Problems of the Laboratory Modelling of Non-Isothermal Adsorption in a Fixed Bed of Adsorbent". Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications 57, n. 6 (1992): 1237–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1135/cccc19921237.
Abstract (sommario):
The course of non-isothermal adsorption of carbon dioxide from nitrogen stream in laboratory glass adsorbers with a polyurethane insulation, without insulation, with a vacuum silvered jacket and with a vacuum jacket with radiation curtain of aluminium sheet was investigated from the point of view of the possibility to employ a one-dimensional model to describe the adsorption course. The assumptions of the one-dimensional model are fulfilled, from the adsorbers investigated, by the adsorber with vacuum silvered jacket and the adsorber with vacuum jacket with radiation curtain.
27
Alwathan, Alwathan, Mustafa Mustafa e Ramli Thahir. "PENGURANGAN KADAR H2S DARI BIOGAS LIMBAH CAIR RUMAH SAKIT DENGAN METODE ADSORPSI". Konversi 2, n. 1 (1 aprile 2013): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.20527/k.v2i1.112.
Abstract (sommario):
Biogas sebelum digunakan harus dimurnikan terlebih dahulu dari kandungan asam sulfida (H2S) yang meskipun jumlahnya kecil namun menimbulkan kerugian karena menimbulkan korosi pada logam atau apabila dibakar akan membentuk SO2 atau SO3 yang dikenal dengan SOx yang menyebabkan terjadinya hujan asam. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mencari waktu jenuh adsorben dalam menjerap H2S, mengetahui kemampuan adsorben karbon aktif dalam menyerap dan mencari konstanta persamaan adsorpsi isotherm Freundlich pada variasi ukuran karbon aktif yang digunakan dalam menghitung waktu tinggal adsorpsi. Bahan yang digunakan adalah sludge dari hasil pengolahan limbah cair rumah sakit. Metode yang dilakukan dalam penelitian ini yaitu mengukur kandungan H2S dalam biogas sebelum melalui adsorber disusun secara seri ukuran tinggi kolom 70 cm, diameter ½ inch, tinggi isian 64 cm bahan isian karbon aktif dengan ukuran 4, 7, 10, 12, 14 mesh kecepatan biogas 0.5 liter/menit diperoleh hasil karbon aktif paling cepat mengalami kejenuhan ukuran 4 mesh yaitu 60 menit, H2S yang terjerap 202.42 unit dari effisiensi kejenuhan 9.76% sedangkan waktu jenuh paling lama 90 menit ukuran karbon aktif 14 mesh H2S yang terjerap 368.65 unit effisiensi kejenuhan 9.79%. Karbon aktif yang optimal digunakan yaitu 12 mesh waktu jenuh 80 menit, effisiensi kejenuhan 9.82% dengan waktu tinggal 127.927 detik sedangkan waktu tinggal paling singkat terjadi pada ukuran adsorben 4 mesh, yaitu waktu tinggal 73.855 detik. Keywords: limbah, biogas, adsorpsi, asam sulfida, karbon aktif Biogas is purified before being used in from the acid content of sulfide (H2S), although the numbers are small, but the resulting loss due to corrode metal or when burned to form SO2 or SO3, known as SOx that cause acid rain. The purpose of this study to find time in the saturated adsorbent adsorb H2S, the ability of the activated carbon adsorbent adsorb adsorption equation and find the constants in the Freundlich isotherm variations in the size of activated carbon for in calculating the residence time of adsorption. The materials used are the sludge from the hospital wastewater treatment. The method was performed in this study for measure the content of H2S in the biogas before passed through to the third adsorber column 70 cm height, ½ inch diameter, 64 cm high filling packing material of activated carbon with a size of 4, 7, 10, 12, 14 mesh velocity biogas 0 , 5 litre. / min obtained results most rapidly activated carbon burnout mesh size of 4 is 60 minutes, H2S is adsorption 202.42 mg of 9.76% while the efficiency of saturation saturation time exceeding 90 minutes 14 mesh size activated carbon is adsorption H2S 368.65 mg 9.79% saturation efficiency. Optimal use of activated carbon which is 12 mesh saturated 80-minute time, efficiency saturated 9.82% with a residence time of 127.927 seconds while the shortest residence time occurs on the mesh size of adsorbent 4, the residence time of 73.855 seconds. Keywords: waste , biogas, adsorption, acid sulfide, activated carbon
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Gandhi, Khushi. "Adsorption of Phenol and Resorcinol on Parthenium Based Activated Carbon (Pac) in Basal Salt Medium: Equilibrium and Kinetics". Bioscience Biotechnology Research Communications 16, n. 2 (25 giugno 2023): 84–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.21786/bbrc/16.2.4.
Abstract (sommario):
The adsorption studies were carried out for the removal of Phenol and Resorcinol on Parthenium Based Activated Carbon (PAC) at 301 K and neutral pH ~7. To determine the adsorption equilibrium isotherms, the experiments were performed at the initial concentration of adsorbates with adsorbent doses from 1 g/l to 10 g/l. The experimental data were fitted to six isothermal models, and a nonlinear least square method has been used to estimate model parameters. It has been observed that for adsorption on PAC, Freundlich model was best fitted for the study and data was more closely related for the removal of both the pollutants from industrial wastewater. In this study, the adsorption kinetics were also studied in three distinct phases-rapid, medium & amp: slow for the time period till 12 hours. The parameter values found in this study shall be useful in designing and activated carbon adsorber for treatment of industrial wastewater at large scale. The present work shows that Parthenium based activated carbon (PAC) was an effective method for the adsorption of phenol and resorcinol and p-cresol from aqueous solution. The adsorption of phenol and its derivatives are in the following order: Phenol is adsorbed in maximum amount Resorcinol is comparatively adsorbed lesser than phenol.
29
Hasanah, Ulfa Imroathul, Budi Utami e Endang Susilowati. "Combination of Corn Waste and Egg Shell as Zn Metal Adsorbent with Batch System". JKPK (Jurnal Kimia dan Pendidikan Kimia) 7, n. 2 (30 agosto 2022): 223. http://dx.doi.org/10.20961/jkpk.v7i2.55440.
Abstract (sommario):
<p>This study aims to determine: the ability of corn cobs and eggshells as Zn metal adsorbents, functional groups of corn cobs and eggshells adsorbent, what isotherm patterns occur in the adsorbent corn cobs and eggshells in adsorbing Zn metal, the optimum ratio and optimum mass of the adsorbent composition of corn cobs and eggshells in Zn metal adsorption, the optimum contact time for adsorbent corn cobs and eggshell in adsorbing Zn metal, the optimum concentration of adsorbate to be adsorbed by corn cobs and eggshell adsorbents. This study used an experimental method in the laboratory. characterization includes functional groups using FTIR, and test the effectiveness of adsorbents using the AAS instrument. Kinetic analysis of adsorbent by adsorption isotherm with Langmuir isotherm, Freundlich isotherm, Temkin isotherm, and dubinin-radushkevivh isotherm. The results showed that: Corn cobs and eggshells can be used as zinc metal adsorbents; in the corn cobs adsorbent, there is a functional group -OH at wave number 3415,15 cm<sup>-1</sup> and in the eggshell, there is a bent vibration of calcium carbonate at wave number 3400,65 cm<sup>-1</sup>, the adsorption process of Zn metal by adsorbent corn cobs and egg shells follows the Langmuir isotherm pattern (chemical adsorption), the comparison of the optimum composition and mass of the adsorbent corn cobs and eggshells in Zn metal adsorption are 1:2 and 0,15 grams with Zn metal adsorbed by 80,4571%, the optimum contact time for the adsorbent corn cobs and eggshells in adsorbing Zn metal is 90 minutes with the percentage of absorbed Zn metal concentration is 75,5957%, and the optimum concentration of adsorbate for adsorbed by corn cob and eggshell adsorbents is 1 mg/L with adsorbed Zn percentage of 82,8377%.</p>
30
Donatus Setyawan Purwo Handoko, R. Yuni Ristanti e Wuryanti Handayani. "Improvement the Quality of Fish Oil from Waste Flouring Using Adsorbent Zeolit H5-NZA". Formosa Journal of Sustainable Research 2, n. 5 (30 maggio 2023): 1109–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.55927/fjsr.v2i5.4083.
Abstract (sommario):
Flouring process produces fish oil fractions colored dark brown and has a free fatty acid levels are high. This causes the oil fraction can be easily damaged and rancid. This problem can be overcome by purification by means of degumming first and then the fish oil the gross adsorbed using adsorbents natural zeolite (NZ) and H5-NZA with the composition of the adsorbent 10%, 15%, 20%, and 25% (w / w fish oil ) on the adsorption process temperature of 50 ° C, 70 ° C, 90 ° C. Adsorbent characterization results indicate that an increase in acidity and Si / Al ratio of zeolites that have been activated are H5-NZA. Increased acidity of 0.291 mmol / gram to 3,570 mmol / gram, while increasing the ratio of Si / Al of 4.373 into 6.398. The quality of fish oil before and after the adsorbed adsorbed using adsorbents also increased. H5-NZA adsorbent provides enhanced quality greater than the natural zeolite adsorbent. Improved quality is shown with increasing adsorbent composition. Adsorbent composition that provides improved quality of most good is a composition of 25%, while the adsorption process temperature optimum at 70 ° C
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Wuntu, Audy D., Harry S. J. Koleangan e Norrytha L. Wuntu. "Adsorpsi Metilen Biru Pada Hidroksiapatit Dari Tulang Ikan Kakap Merah". JURNAL ILMIAH SAINS 20, n. 1 (5 gennaio 2020): 6. http://dx.doi.org/10.35799/jis.20.1.2020.25758.
Abstract (sommario):
Adsorpsi Metilen Biru Pada Hidroksiapatit Dari Tulang Ikan Kakap MerahABSTRAKPenelitian yang bertujuan untuk mempelajari adsorpsi metilen biru pada hidroksiapatit yang diperoleh dari tulang ikan kakap merah (Lutjanus sp.) telah dilakukan. Tulang dikalsinasi dalam tanur pada 600, 800, dan 1000 oC, digerus, dan diayak dengan ayakan 100 mesh. Material tersebut selanjutnya digunakan dalam eksperimen adsorpsi dan data yang diperoleh dianalisis menggunakan model isoterm adsorpsi Langmuir, Freundlich, dan Dubinin-Raduskevich. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa semakin tinggi suhu kalsinasi, semakin rendah kapasitas adsorben untuk mengadsorpsi metilen biru. Energi adsorpsi yang dihitung berada dalam kisaran 0,84-1,14 kJ mol-1 yang mengindikasikan bahwa metilen biru teradsorpsi secara fisik pada adsorben dan adsorpsi cenderung mengikuti model isoterm adsorpsi Freundlich.Kata kunci: kakap merah, hidroksiapatit, metilen biru, adsorpsi Adsorption of Methylene Blue on Hydroxyapatite from Red Snapper Fish Bones ABSTRACTA research aimed to study the adsorption of methylene blue on hydroxyapatite obtained from red snapper fish bones (Lutjanus sp.) was performed. The bones were calcined in a furnace at 600, 800, and 1000 oC and ground to pass a 100 mesh sieve. The materials were used in the adsorption experiment and the data obtained were analyzed using Langmuir, Freundlich, and Dubinin-Raduskevich adsorption isotherm models. The results showed that the higher the calcination temperature, the lower the capacity of the adsorbent to adsorb methylene blue. Calculated adsorption energy which was in a range of 0.84-1.14 kJ mol-1 indicated that the dye was adsorbed physically on the adsorbent and the adsorption could be well described by Freundlich adsorption isotherm model.Keywords: red snapper, hydroxyapatite, methylene blue, adsorption
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Dhidan, Samar K. "REMOVAL OF PHENOLIC COMPUNDS FROM AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS BY ADSOPTION ONTO ACTIVTED CARBONS PREPARED FROM DATE STONES BY CHEMICAL ACTIVATION WITH FeCl3". Journal of Engineering 18, n. 1 (10 maggio 2023): 64–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.31026/j.eng.2012.01.05.
Abstract (sommario):
Activated carbon prepared from date stones by chemical activation with ferric chloride (FAC) was used an adsorbent to remove phenolic compounds such as phenol (Ph) and p-nitro phenol (PNPh) from aqueous solutions. The influence of process variables represented by solution pH value (2-12), adsorbent to adsorbate weight ratio (0.2-1.8), and contact time (30-150 min) on removal percentage and adsorbed amount of Ph and PNPh onto FAC was studied. For PNPh adsorption,( 97.43 %) maximum removal percentage and (48.71 mg/g) adsorbed amount was achieved at (5) solution pH,( 1) adsorbent to adsorbate weight ratio, and (90 min) contact time. While for Ph adsorption, at (4) solution pH, (1.4) absorbent to adsorbate weight ratio, and (120 min) contact time gave maximum removal percentage( 86.55 %) and (43.27 mg/g) adsorbed amount. Equilibrium adsorption data of PNPh and Ph onto FAC were well represented by Langmuir isotherm model, showing maximum adsorbed amounts of (185.84 mg/g) and (159.27 mg/g) for PNPh and Ph, respectively.
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Ibnu Hajar, Erna Wati, Reny Suryani Sitorus, Novi Mulianingtias e Fransiska Jawa Welan. "EFEKTIVITAS ADSORPSI LOGAM Pb2+ DAN Cd2+ MENGGUNAKAN MEDIA ADSORBEN CANGKANG TELUR AYAM". Konversi 5, n. 1 (28 marzo 2018): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.20527/k.v5i1.4771.
Abstract (sommario):
Abstrak-Cangkang telur merupakan bagian terluar dari telur yang berfungsi memberikan perlindungan bagi komponen-komponen isi telur dari kerusakan secara fisik, kimia maupun mikrobiologis. Setiap cangkang telur memiliki 10.000-20.000 pori-pori sehingga diperkirakan dapat menyerap suatu solute dan dapat digunakan sebagai adsorben untuk menjerap logam seperti Pb2+ dan Cd2+. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui efektivitas cangkang telur ayam sebagai adsorben dengan variasi waktu kontak yaitu 15, 30, 45 menit dan perbedaan massa adsorben yaitu 3, 6, dan 9 gram, serta untuk mengetahui model kinetika adsorpsi yang tepat pada penjerapan logam Pb2+ dan Cd2+. Penelitian ini diawali dengan pengecilan ukuran cangkang telur ayam menjadi 200 mesh, kemudian dilakukan aktivasi kimia dengan merendam cangkang telur ayam dengan larutan HCl 0,1 M. Selanjutnya dilakukan proses adsorpsi dengan mengontakkan adsorben dengan larutan sampel berdasarkan perbedaan waktu dan massa adsorben, konsentrasi larutan hasil adsorpsi kemudian dianalisa dengan menggunakan AAS. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa % efektivitas penjerapan Pb2+ tertinggi yang dapat dihasilkan dari adsorben cangkang telur ayam yaitu 91,1242% pada berat adsorben 9 gram dengan waktu pengontakan 15 menit, sedangkan pada penjerapan Cd2+ yang dapat dihasilkan dari adsorben cangkang telur ayam yaitu 99,9515% pada berat adsorben 9 gram dengan waktu pengontakan 15 menit. Kinetika adsorpsi penjerapan Pb2+ pada 3, 6, dan 9 gram mengikuti model kinetika orde 2, sedangkan kinetika adsorpsi penjerapan Cd2+ pada 3 gram mengikuti model kinetika orde 0. Kata kunci: Cangkang Telur Ayam, Efektivitas, Kinetika Adsorpsi Abstract-An egg shells is the part of the egg which serves to provide protection for the components of the egg contents from damage because of physical, chemical and microbiological activity. Egg shells has 10,000-20,000 pores that are expected to absorb a solute and can be used as adsorbent to adsorb metals ion such as Pb2+ and Cd2+. The aims of this study were to examine the effectivity of chicken egg shells as adsorbent by variation of contacting time ie 15, 30, 45 mins and the difference in mass of adsorbent which are 3, 6 and 9 grams, as well as to determine the kinetics model of adsorption on metal ion of Pb2+ and Cd2+. This study begins with downsizing the size of chicken egg shells become to 200 mesh, then was performed a chemical activation by soaking the chicken egg shells with 0.1 M HCl. The adsorption was performed by contacting the adsorbent with a solution of the sample is based on the contacting time and mass of adsorbent, the concentration of the resulting solution adsorption then analyzed by AAS. The results showed that the % effectiveness adsorption of the Pb2+ highest that can be produced from chicken egg shells adsorbent that is 91.1242% by weight of 9 gram adsorbent by contacting time 15 mins, while on the adsorption Cd2+ can be produced from chicken egg shells adsorbent is 99.9515% on the weight of the adsorbent 9 grams with time contacting the 15 minutes. Pb2+ adsorption kinetics at 3, 6 and 9 grams following the second-order kinetic model, whereas the adsorption Cd2+ adsorption kinetics at 3 grams following the model zero-order kinetics. Keywords: Chicken Egg Shells, Effectiveness, Adsorption Kinetics
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Enenebeaku, Conrad Kenechukwu, Nnaemeka John Okorocha, Uchechi E. Enenebeaku e Benedict Ikenna Onyeachu. "Adsorption of Methylene Blue Dye onto Bush Cane Bark Powder". International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy 76 (ottobre 2017): 12–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.18052/www.scipress.com/ilcpa.76.12.
Abstract (sommario):
The adsorption of methylene blue (MB) dye on bush cane bark powder has been studied by analyzing the effect of contact time, initial dye concentration, adsorbent dose, pH, and temperature on the amount of the MB dye adsorbed per unit mass of the bush cane bark powder adsorbent. An optimum adsorption could be achieved during 80 min contact time but, thereafter, decreased with contact time beyond 80 min. The adsorption of the methylene blue dye increased with increasing the initial dye concentration, temperature and pH. However, the amount of methylene blue adsorbed decreased with increasing the dosage of the adsorbent; a phenomenon attributed to a plausible agglomeration of the adsorbent and blocking of the preferred adsorption sites with increasing adsorbent dosage. The adsorption mechanism of the dye obeyed the Freundlich isotherm. Kinetic studies showed that the methylene blue adsorption onto bush cane bark powder adsorbent followed a second order reaction kinetics. The adsorbent was characterized by Fourier transform infra-red spectrophotometer and scanning electron microscope analysis.
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Enenebeaku, Conrad Kenechukwu, Nnaemeka John Okorocha, Uchechi E. Enenebeaku e Benedict Ikenna Onyeachu. "Adsorption of Methylene Blue Dye onto Bush Cane Bark Powder". International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy 76 (26 ottobre 2017): 12–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.56431/p-q37sww.
Abstract (sommario):
The adsorption of methylene blue (MB) dye on bush cane bark powder has been studied by analyzing the effect of contact time, initial dye concentration, adsorbent dose, pH, and temperature on the amount of the MB dye adsorbed per unit mass of the bush cane bark powder adsorbent. An optimum adsorption could be achieved during 80 min contact time but, thereafter, decreased with contact time beyond 80 min. The adsorption of the methylene blue dye increased with increasing the initial dye concentration, temperature and pH. However, the amount of methylene blue adsorbed decreased with increasing the dosage of the adsorbent; a phenomenon attributed to a plausible agglomeration of the adsorbent and blocking of the preferred adsorption sites with increasing adsorbent dosage. The adsorption mechanism of the dye obeyed the Freundlich isotherm. Kinetic studies showed that the methylene blue adsorption onto bush cane bark powder adsorbent followed a second order reaction kinetics. The adsorbent was characterized by Fourier transform infra-red spectrophotometer and scanning electron microscope analysis.
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Bae, Min A., Kyeong Ho Kim e Jae Ho Baek. "Effect of Inorganic Additives and Sintering Temperature on Adsorbents". Korean Journal of Metals and Materials 60, n. 3 (5 marzo 2022): 244–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.3365/kjmm.2022.60.3.244.
Abstract (sommario):
Magnesium silicate is a porous material with a large specific surface area and is easily adsorbed. In particular, it is widely used commercially because it is very effective for adsorbing Na+, K+ ions and other catalysts. However, if the powder is used as an adsorbent as is, there are disadvantages, in that the adsorbed material is easily lost during the adsorption action and becomes difficult to recover. In this study, magnesium silicate was used as an adsorbent to remove pollutants (CO2) from the atmosphere. In addition, in order to overcome the disadvantages of using a powder adsorbent material, an inorganic binder (clay) and a reinforcing agent (glass fiber) were added to prepare a molded article which imparted strength to the adsorbent material. Changes in the properties of the adsorbent were confirmed. Changes in the physicochemical properties of the adsorbed material according to the calcination temperature, from 400 to 800°C, were confirmed. In addition, it was confirmed that a molded body with 15 wt% inorganic binder and 4 wt% reinforcing agent had a specific surface area of about 87 m²/g and a strength of 4.63 N. The prepared molded article could adsorb about 0.41 mmol/g of CO2 at atmospheric pressure, confirming its potential use as a CO2 adsorbent.
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Sangandita, Kharisma Resti Kurnia Diah, e Budi Utami. "Effectiveness of Rice Husk and Bagasse Fly Ash as Adsorbent of Cr Metal on Batch System". JKPK (Jurnal Kimia dan Pendidikan Kimia) 4, n. 2 (31 agosto 2019): 85. http://dx.doi.org/10.20961/jkpk.v4i2.29724.
Abstract (sommario):
<p>This study aimed to utilize rice husk and bagasse fly ash as Cr metal adsorbent. In this study, the adsorption used batch system. The steps of research were preparation of materials, activation of materials with HCl and NaOH solutions, characterization test using SEM, FTIR and AAS. Determination of optimum condition of Cr metal adsorption on variation of adsorbent composition, adsorbent mass, adsorbate concentration and isotherm adsorption study. The result showed that the adsorbent of rice husk and bagasse fly ash can be used as adsorbent because there were pores that is based on SEM analysis, based on FTIR results that there were a –OH (hydroxyl) functional group at wavenumber 3424.76 cm<sup>-1</sup> and Si-O from Si-O-Si (siloxane) functional group at wavenumber 1048.36 cm<sup>-1</sup> in the combination of rice husk and bagasse fly ash adsorbent, based on AAS results it was found that the optimum composition ratio of rice husk and bagasse fly ash adsorbent was 1:2 with the percentage of Cr adsorbed 98.90%, the optimum adsorbent mass at 0.2 g with the percentage of Cr adsorbed 99.77% and the optimum adsorbate concentration at 20.645 mg/L with the percentage of Cr adsorbed 99.63%. The pattern of adsorption isotherm tends followed the Langmuir isotherm which means the adsorption process chemically.</p>
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Brandani, Stefano. "The Rigid Adsorbent Lattice Fluid Model: Thermodynamic Consistency and Relationship to the Real Adsorbed Solution Theory". Membranes 12, n. 10 (18 ottobre 2022): 1009. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/membranes12101009.
Abstract (sommario):
The Rigid Adsorbent Lattice Fluid model has been shown to comply with all the requirements for thermodynamic consistency in the case of an adsorbent that does not undergo structural changes. This is achieved by introducing a correction to the reduced density function that multiplies the combinatorial term. A procedure to calculate the predicted adsorbed mixture activity coefficients has been presented that allows the production of excess Gibbs energy plots at a constant reduced grand potential. The predicted nonideality is structurally consistent with the Non-Ideal Adsorbed Solution Theory of Myers in terms of both its dependence on concentration and reduced grand potential. The ability to generate excess Gibbs energy values allows linking the new Rigid Adsorbent Lattice Fluid model to the traditional Real Adsorbed Solution Theory providing an alternative approach to predicting multicomponent adsorption based solely on pure component data.
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Zahro, Septi Fatimatus, e Sandyanto Adityosulindro. "Literature Review: Penggunaan Bahan Berbasis Limbah Sebagai Adsorben untuk Degradasi Zat Warna pada Air Limbah". Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan Indonesia 22, n. 3 (15 agosto 2023): 359–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/jkli.22.3.359-368.
Abstract (sommario):
Latar belakang: Penggunaan adsorben bahan limbah dari limbah pertanian, industri maupun bahan alam menjadi alternatif baru dalam pengolahan air limbah yang mengandung zat warna. Limbah ini dapat menyebabkan berbagai masalah kesehatan bagi makhluk hidup mulai dari alergi, cidera permanen, asma, bahkan kanker. Tujuan review artikel ini adalah untuk memberikan informasi tren penelitian penggunaan adsorben dari bahan limbah dalam penyisihan zat warna serta informasi mengenai komposisi bahan, dan pengaplikasiannya sebagai potensi alternatif baru bahan adsorben dalam pengolahan limbah.Metode: Metode dalam penulisan review artikel ini dengan metode PRISMA 2020 menggunakan PRISMA checklist melalui 27 identifikator yang telah disediakan. Seleksi artikel dilakukan dengan beberapa kriteria dari tahun publikasi, kata kunci, klasifikasi bahan adsorben, serta artikel tentang adsorpsi secara umum sebagai pendukung. Artikel jurnal terpilih dan sesuai dengan kebutuhan sebanyak 28 artikel kemudian dilakukan pengkajian serta pembahasan lebih lanjut.Hasil: Hasil review artikel yang dikaji sebanyak 50% artikel yang memanfaatkan limbah pertanian sebagai adsorben, 18% artikel memanfaatkan limbah industri, dan 32% artikel memanfaatkan bahan alam. Pengkajian dilakukan menyeluruh mengenai metode pembuatan adsorben, komposisi bahan adsorben, kemampuan adsorpsi, studi kinetika dan studi isotherm adsorpsi. Hasil kajian menunjukkan kemampuan adsorben bahan limbah sangat baik dengan efisiensi tertinggi hingga 99,95%. Metode pembuatan adsorben yang paling umum digunakan dengan aktivasi fisika. Model isotherm yang digunakan sebagian besar adalah Langmuir dengan kinetika adsorpsi pseudo orde kedua.Simpulan: Potensi pemanfaatan adsorben dari bahan limbah sangat besar, ditinjau dari persentase efisiensinya dan kelimpahan bahan baku. Dalam proses adsorpsinya dipengaruhi oleh kandungan bahan, luas permukaan, dan metode pembuatan adsorben. ABSTRACT Title: Literature Review: The Use of Waste Materials as Adsorbent for Degradation Dyes in WastewaterBackground: Industrial, agricultural, and natural dyes can now be treated with adsorbents. This wastewater can cause allergies, serious wounds, asthma, and cancer. This article review discusses current research trends in using waste materials as dye removal adsorbents and their composition and possible usage as new, alternative adsorbents in the waste treatment sector.Method: This article review used PRISMA 2020 with 27 identifiers and the checklist. Articles were selected by year, keywords, adsorbent material categorization, and adsorption in general. Following 28 article requirements, selected journal articles were researched and discussed.Result: The analysis of the articles found that 32% of the articles used natural materials, 18% of the articles used industrial waste, and 50% of the articles used agricultural waste as an adsorbent. The process for creating adsorbents, the make-up of adsorbent materials, adsorption capacity, kinetic studies, and adsorption isotherm studies were all thoroughly evaluated. The study's findings demonstrate that waste materials have excellent adsorbent properties, with the highest efficiency reaching up to 99.95%. Physical activation is the most widely used adsorbent preparation technique. Most of the isotherm models in use have pseudo-second order adsorption kinetics and are Langmuir.Conclusion: Given the percentage of efficiency and the abundance of raw materials, there is a very large potential for using adsorbents made from waste materials. The adsorbent's surface area, material composition, and manufacturing process all have an impact on the adsorption process.
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Golubyatnikov, Oleg O., Evgeny I. Akulinin e Alexey A. Kolomoets. "CFD MODELING OF FLOW IN A STATIONARY ADSORBENT BED FOR PRESSURE SWING ADSORPTION PROCESS OF HYDROGEN PURIFICATION". Bulletin of the Saint Petersburg State Institute of Technology (Technical University) 61 (2022): 92–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.36807/1998-9849-2022-61-87-92-97.
Abstract (sommario):
The paper presents the results of numerical studies of the aerodynamic structure of the flow in a fixed layer of granular adsorbent in the adsorber of a pressure swing adsorption (PSA) unit for synthesis gas separation and hydrogen purification. Сomputational experiments were conducted in COMSOL Multiphysics software using 1-D and 2-D mathematical models to calculate the velocity field in the bulk layer of the 13X adsorbent for the PSA process of hydrogen purification. When assessing the accuracy of calculating the aerodynamic structure of the gas flow in the adsorbent, it was found that the use of a 2-D mathematical model provides an increase in the accuracy of calculations by an average of ~ 1-2% compared with the 1-D model. It is determined that when using an adsorbent with a particle diameter of more than 2 mm in the PSA unit, the use of 2-D and 3-D mathematical models for calculations is promising at speeds of more than 0.3 m/s, due to an increase in the velocity divergence in the center of the vertical cylindrical adsorber and on its walls
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Bariyah, Khoerul, Nuri Andarwulan e Purwiyatno Hariyadi. "Pengurangan Kadar Digliserida dan Asam Lemak Bebas dalam Minyak Sawit Kasar Menggunakan Adsorben". Agritech 37, n. 1 (10 marzo 2017): 49. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/agritech.17009.
Abstract (sommario):
Indonesia is the world’s largest crude palm oil (CPO) producer and consumer in 2014. Components that affect the quality of CPO are diglycerides (DAGs) and free fatty acids (FFA). DAGs in palm oil are known as the precursor of 3-MCPD esters, while higher content of FFA could influence the oil stability. The contact of CPO with adsorbent could affect the present of DAG and FFA in CPO. The purpose of this study was to determine the best type of adsorbent in reducing DAGs and FFA in CPO with emphasis on the characteristics of the adsorbent and adsorbate. This study was carried out by using three different types of CPO quality and six different types of adsorbent (carbon active, MgO, Magnesol R-60, and 3 types of bleaching earth). The contact process of CPO with different adsorbents were carried out at a temperature of 50-60 °C (without vacuum) for adsorbents selection and 90 °C (under vacuum) for 30 minutes at a dose of adsorbent 1 and 3 %. The contact process of different adsorbents with CPO have not been able to reduce both DAGs and FFA significantly at the non vacuum condition in three differents CPO sample. The combination of MgO and bleaching earth type 1 could reduce FFA up to 70 % reaching the content of 14 % at vacuum conditions, but did not reduce DAGs of CPO. Different CPO quality and adsorbent characteristics will affect the reduction process of FFA and DAGs. ABSTRAKIndonesia merupakan negara produsen sekaligus konsumen minyak sawit kasar (Crude Palm Oil/CPO) terbesar di dunia pada tahun 2014. Salah satu komponen yang mempengaruhi kualitas CPO adalah digliserida (DAG) dan asam lemak bebas (ALB). DAG dalam minyak sawit adalah prekursor pembentuk senyawa karsinogen 3-MCPD ester, sedangkan ALB yang tinggi dapat mempengaruhi stabilitas minyak. Proses kontak adsorben ke dalam CPO akan mempengaruhi keberadaan kedua komponen tersebut. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menentukan jenis adsorben yang paling baik dalam mengadsorp digliserida dan asam lemak bebas dalam CPO dengan menitikberatkan pada karakteristik adsorben dan adsorbat. Penelitian dilakukan terhadap 3 jenis CPO (nilai ALB: 4, 6, dan 14) dan 6 jenis adsorben (arang aktif, MgO, Magnesol R-60, dan 3 jenis bleaching earth). Proses kontak dilakukan pada suhu 50 – 60 °C (tanpa vakum) untuk seleksi adsorben dan 90 °C (dengan vakum) selama 30 menit dengan dosis adsorben 1 dan 3 %. Proses kontak adsorben pada CPO dengan kondisi adsorpsi tanpa vakum belum dapat menurunkan DAG dan ALB secara signifikan terhadap ketiga jenis CPO. Kombinasi antara adsorben bleaching earth tipe 1 dan MgO dapat menurunkan ALB hingga 70 % pada CPO dengan ALB 14 % pada kondisi vakum, tetapi tidak dapat menurunkan DAG. Karakterisitik CPO dan adsorben mempengaruhi proses reduksi ALB dan DAG.
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Bocarov-Stancic, A., M. Adamovic, N. Salma, M. Bodroza-Solarov, J. Vuckovic e V. Pantic. "In vitro efficacy of mycotoxins adsorption by natural mineral adsorbents". Biotehnologija u stocarstvu 27, n. 3 (2011): 1241–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/bah1103241b.
Abstract (sommario):
The paper describes in vitro model for evaluation of natural mineral adsorbents ability to adsorb mycotoxins. Bentonite, diatomite and zeolite were prepared in the Institute for Technology of Nuclear and Other Mineral Raw Materials, Belgrade. A total of six mycotoxins: aflatoxin B1 (AFL), ochratoxin A (OTA), deoxynivalenol (DON), zearalenone (ZON), diacetoxyscirpenol (DAS) and T-2 toxin were tested in vitro. For adsorption experiments crude extracts of mycotoxins, produced in the Department of Microbiology of Bio-ecological Center in Zrenjanin, were used. The ability for binding mycotoxins was evaluated in the electrolyte 0.1 M K2HPO4 which pH value was adjusted to 3.0 and 6.9, respectively. Mass ratio of individual mycotoxin and natural mineral adsorbent was 1:5000. The experimental mixtures were incubated for 1 hour on a rotary shaker (185 rpm) at room temperature (22-25oC). After incubation the extractions of unadsorbed mycotoxins from the filtrates were performed with organic solvents, and their quantifications were done by thin-layer chromatography (TLC). By the use of TLC method it was noted that bentonite, diatomite and zeolite binded more than 95% of applicated AFL. In the case of OTA only diatomite adsorbed that toxin - adsorption index was 66.67%. Binding of DON has been observed only at pH 3.0 of electrolyte. Its adsorption index varied from 25.00 to 50.00% depending on the type of mineral adsorbent. Effect of electrolyte pH value on the binding of ZON was not so expressed. Its adsorption index ranged from 12.20 to 37.00%. In the case of type A trichothecenes (DAS and T-2 toxin) bentonite, diatomite, and zeolite binded only T-2 toxin. The amount of adsorbed T-2 toxin ranged from 16.66 to 33.33%. The obtained results point out the need for activation or processing of natural mineral adsorbens, especially bentonite and zeolite, in order to increase the efficiency of adsorption of the wider spectrum of mycotoxins.
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Hayati, Gusti Indah, Bunga Pertiwi e Yuli Ristianingsih. "PENGARUH VARIASI KONSENTRASI ADSORBEN BIJI TREMBESI TERHADAP PENURUNAN KADAR LOGAM KROMIUM (Cr) TOTAL PADA LIMBAH INDUSTRI SASIRANGAN". Konversi 5, n. 2 (28 marzo 2018): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.20527/k.v5i2.4760.
Abstract (sommario):
Abstrak- Proses pembuatan kain sasirangan menghasilkan limbah cair yang berasal dari proses pewarnaan dan pencelupan kain. Salah satu polutan yang terkandung pada limbah cair industri sasirangan adalah logam Cr. Reduksi logam Cr total limbah cair industri sasirangan dilakukan dengan proses adsorpsi menggunakan adsorben dari biji Trembesi. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh konsentrasi adsorben 1, 2, 3 dan 4% w/v terhadap proses reduksi logam Cr total industri sasirangan. Variasi konsentrasi adsorben yang digunakan sebesar 1 g/100 mL, 2 g/100 mL, 3 g/100 mL dan 4 g/100 mL limbah sasirangan dengan pengadukan selama 30 menit pada 100 rpm suhu 55oC dengan ukuran adsorben 250 mikron. Proses pirolisis berlangsung selama 5 jam dengan suhu operasi 450oC. Adsorben diaktifkan menggunakan HCl 0,1 N yang berlangsung selama 24 jam. Analisa yang dilakukan yaitu ICP (Inductively Coupled Plasma) untuk mengetahui kadar logam yang masih tersisa didalam limbah setelah dilakukannya proses adsorpsi. Semakin banyak jumlah adsorben yang ditambahkan maka penurunan konsentrasi logam Cr dalam air limbah semakin besar. Hasil penelitian diperoleh penurunan konsentrasi logam Cr maksimum sebesar 82,65%. Konsentrasi logam Cr mula-mula pada limbah cair kain sasirangan sebesar 2 ppm dan penurunan konsentrasi logam Cr maksimum pada penambahan adsorben 2 g sebesar 0,347 ppm. Kata kunci: biji Trembesi, logam Cr, pirolisis. Abstract- The production process of sasirangan fabric produced liquid waste from dyeing and coloring process. One of the pollutant that contained in liquid waste was chrom metal. Reduction of Cr metal from sasirangan industrial liquid waste used tamarind (trembesi) seeds as the adsorbent. The purpose of this research was to know the effect of adsorbent concentration 1; 2; 3 and 4 % w/v to reduction of Cr metal in sasirangan industry. Variation of adsorbent concentration that used 1 g/100 ml, 2 g/100 ml, 3 g/100 ml and 4 g/100 ml Sasirangan liquid waste by stirring for 30 minutes in 100 rpm at 55oC and the size of adsorbent was 250 micron. The pyrolisis process had setting at 450oC temperatures for 5 hours operation. Adsorbent was activated by HCl 0.1N for 24 hours. Chrom metal residu which contained in sasirangan waste was analyzed using ICP (inductively coupled plasma). This analysis aims to determine residual chrom metal concentration in sasirangan industries after adsorption process. The greater adsorbent was added at adsorption process, the less residual chrom metal concentration which contained in sasirngan waste. The results of this research showed that adsorbent can decrease Cr metal up to 80.65%. The initial concentration of Cr metal in sasirangan waste was 2 ppm and the decreasing of Cr metal maximum remaining was 0.347 ppm at 2 g adsorbent.Keywords: Tamarind seeds, Cr metal, pyrolisis.
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Yuliana, Y., Veronica J. S e Bambang Gunantara. "Penggunaan adsorben untuk mengurangi kadar free fatty acid, peroxide value dan warna minyak goreng bekas". Jurnal Teknik Kimia Indonesia 4, n. 2 (2 ottobre 2018): 212. http://dx.doi.org/10.5614/jtki.2005.4.2.4.
Abstract (sommario):
This research was carried out to examine the ability of calcium silicate, magnesium silicate, activated carbon and bentonite as adsorbent to decrease the FFA content, PV and dark color intensitv of used frying oil. Adsorbent treatment may improve the quality and extend the frying life of used frying oil. A mixture of used frying oil and certain adsorbent were agitated at constant temperature 150oC for 1 hour Four adsorbents were used at various concentrations. Subsequently, the oil was filtered by vacuum filtration, The changes in FFA content, PV and color intensity were observed. Calcium silicate, magnesium silicate, activated carbon and bentonite could be used as a good adsorbent to reduce the FFA content, PV and dark color intensity of the usedfryng oil. Calcium silicate was more effective than the other adsorbents in reducing the FFA content and PV of the oil. Activated carbon and magnesium silicate showed about the same ability in removing dark color components, and its ability is better than calcium silicate and bentonite. Keywords: Vegetable Oil,Adsorbents, FFA, PV, Color AbstrakPada penelitian ini dipelajari kemampuan kalsium silikat, magnesium silikat, karbon aktif dan bentonit sebagai adsorben untuk menurunkan kadar asam lemak bebas (FFA), bilangan peroksida (PV), dan warna gelap minyak goreng bekas. Pengolahan dengan adsorben ini diharapkan dapat meningkatkan kualitas minyak goreng bekas sehingga umur pemakaian minyak goreng dapat diperpanjang. Minyak goreng bekas dan adsorben diaduk pada suhu konstan I50oC selama 1 jam dengan variasi konsentrasi dan jenis adsorben. Setelah itu minyak goreng disaring dengan vakum dan diamati perubahan kadar FFA, P, V, dan warna yang terjadi. Kalsium silikat, magnesium silikat, karbon aktif dan bentonit dapat berfingsi sebagai adsorben yang baik untuk mengurangi kadar FFA, PV dan warna minyak goreng bekas. Kalsium silikat lebih efektifuntuk penurunan kadar FFA dan PV dari pada ketiga adsorben yang lain. Karbon aktif dan magnesium silikat menunjukkan kemampuan mereduksi warna gelap minyak yang relatif hampir sama, tetapi lebih baik daripada kalsium silikat dan bentonit. Kata Kunci: Minyak Goreng, Adsorben, FFA, PV, Warna
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García-Hernández, Elias, Carlos Gilberto Aguilar-Madera, Erik Cesar Herrera-Hernández, José Valente Flores-Cano, Esther Bailón-García, Ana Teresa Finol González, Angelica Aguilar-Aguilar e Raúl Ocampo-Pérez. "3D Modeling of the Adsorption Rate of Pyridine on Activated Carbon Cloth in a Stirred Tank under Turbulent Conditions". Processes 10, n. 4 (11 aprile 2022): 735. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr10040735.
Abstract (sommario):
The experimental and numerical analysis of pyridine adsorption onto activated carbon cloth in a stirred batch adsorber under transition and turbulent regime is presented in this work. Three-dimensional numerical modeling of the adsorption process was implemented for the identification of local velocity, local concentration, and concentration gradients inside the adsorber. This represents a costly computational effort in comparison with conventional batch adsorption models, as for instance the Langmuir kinetic model. Both types of modeling yield comparable results, but the advantage of the 3D modeling is a more detailed resolution of variables, thus avoiding the perfectly mixed assumption. Varying the agitation rate (30–200 rpm) and pyridine initial concentration (99 to 487 mg/L), several kinetic and transport parameters were reported. Hydrodynamic and mass boundary layers are identified around the activated carbon adsorbent following the trajectory of agitation. Furthermore, the major pyridine mass flux takes place around the adsorbent, mainly in the posterior zone regarding the agitation direction. This information is crucial in searching for and designing more efficient and intensive adsorbent systems.
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Olsen, A., B. S. C. Leadbeater, M. E. Callow, J. B. Holden e J. S. Bale. "The origin and population dynamics of annually re-occurring Paratanytarsus grimmii (Diptera: Chironomidae) colonising granular activated carbon (GAC) adsorbers used in potable water treatment". Bulletin of Entomological Research 99, n. 6 (27 marzo 2009): 643–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007485309006683.
Abstract (sommario):
AbstractVarious sampling techniques were employed to study the population dynamics and identify the origin of annually re-occurring infestations of Paratanytarsus grimmii in granular activated carbon (GAC) adsorbers. Larvae overwintered in all adsorbers studied and are the main source of endemic persistent infestations. Significant differences in larval densities were identified between the down-flow cell (mean of 61 larvae per 0.3 l of GAC) and the up-flow cell (mean of 14 larvae per 0.3 l of GAC) of each adsorber. Larvae were distributed uniformly with no significant difference in density at any depth through the 2-m carbon column. Application of anaerobic treatment as a control measure was ineffective at low temperatures due to a slow down in chironomid metabolism. During summer months, ovipositing females have access to all locations within the GAC adsorber building by flight, leading to immediate re-colonisation of anaerobically-treated adsorbers. Regeneration of GAC in individual cells served only to reduce larval numbers but not remove them completely, particularly when only one of the two cells is regenerated at any one time.
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Levon, Olena, Sergey Kozlov, Sergey Rymar e Nataliya Kuzmenko. "TECHNOLOGY AND EQUIPMENT FOR ACCELERATED REGENERATION OF OIL AND ADSORBENT, USED IN THE POWER INDUSTRY, USING A POWERFUL HF ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELD". Energy saving. Power engineering. Energy audit., n. 1-2(155-156) (23 maggio 2021): 59–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.20998/2313-8890.2021.01.06.
Abstract (sommario):
The article presents the method of drying the adsorbent by an electro-magnetic field. Shown is the technology of the possession for the fast regeneration of naphtha and the adsorbent from the intake of the forced HF electromagnet field. During operation of the transformer, the oil absorbs atmospheric moisture and its dielectric strength decreases. To reduce the water content of the oil, it is pumped through a reservoir containing an adsorbent such as zeolite or silica gel. The adsorbent that has lost its sorption capacity can be restored by removing moisture by heating. The adsorbent can be processed by calcining it on metal sheets or heating it in sealed containers under reduced pressure using heating coils. The use of the first method leads to the destruction of the adsorbent during its transition from the adsorber and vice versa.
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Vidic, R. D., e M. T. Suidan. "Effect of Dissolved Oxygen on Phenols Breakthrough from GAC Adsorbers". Water Science and Technology 26, n. 5-6 (1 settembre 1992): 1185–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1992.0560.
Abstract (sommario):
This study demonstrates that molecular oxygen plays an important role in the adsorption of organic compounds from water by activated carbon. It was determined that the adsorptive capacity of granular activated carbon (GAC) for o-cresol can increase by almost 200% as a result of the presence of molecular oxygen in the test environment (oxic conditions). This increase in adsorptive capacity is not due to biological activity but can be totally attributed to the polymerization of o-cresol on the carbon surface under oxic conditions. The rate of adsorbate polymerization is such that the presence of molecular oxygen does not influence adsorption kinetics during the first 12 hours of adsorbent-adsorbate contact. However, the concentration of dissolved oxygen in the feed to a GAC adsorber can significantly influence the breakthrough of adsorbate. As the concentration of dissolved oxygen increased, more of this increased capacity is utilized during the early phase of breakthrough and, consequently, initial breakthrough is delayed. This phenomenon might completely change the existing procedures for the design and operation of GAC adsorbers in that it provides a competitive edge for adsorption as a treatment technology in water purification.
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Fatoni, Ahmad, Soerja Koesnarpadi e Nurlisa Hidayati. "SYNTHESIS, CHARACTERIZATION AND APPLICATION OF DIATOMACEOUS EARTH – 4,4-DIAMINODIPHENYLETHER-O-HYDROXYBENZALDEHYDE AS AN ADSORBENT OF Ag(I) METAL ION". Indonesian Journal of Chemistry 10, n. 3 (14 dicembre 2010): 315–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/ijc.21436.
Abstract (sommario):
Synthesis, characterization and application of Diatomaceous Earth-4,4-Diamino diphenylether-O-Hydroxybenzaldehyde (diatomaceous earth-DDE-O-Hb) as an adsorbent of Ag(I) metal ion has been done. The aim of the purification of natural diatomaceous earth with KMnO4, H2SO4 and HCl were to obtain pure diatomaceous earth, remove the other compounds and de-alumination, respectively. The adsorbent of diatomaceous earth-DDE-O-Hb was synthesized by reacting pure diatomaceous earth with 3-chloropropyltrimethoxysilane, 4,4-diaminodiphenylether (DDE) and O-hydroxybenzaldehyde (O-Hb). The FTIR spectroscopy was used to identify Schiff base group in diatomaceous earth-DDE-O-Hb adsorbent. The diatomaceous earth-DDE-O-Hb was applied as adsorbent in the adsorption of Ag(I) metal ion. Parameters influencing the interaction such as time, pH and concentration were optimized. The result showed that diatomaceous earth-DDE-O-Hb adsorbent have Schiff base group. The interaction time of 90 min showed that 70.79% of Ag(I) metal ions at the concentration of 100 ppm can be adsorbed by diatomaceous earth-DDE-O-Hb adsorbent. At the pH solution between 2 to 7, the concentration of 100 ppm of Ag(I) metal ion that can adsorbed by diatomaceous earth-DDE-O-Hb adsorbent was up to 98% and at the concentration of 25 ppm Ag(I) metal ion, the adsorption of Ag(I) by diatomaceous earth-DDE-O-Hb adsorbent was near 91%.
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He, Zhao Hong, Hong Yu Huang, Hao Ran Yuan, Noriyuki Kobayashi, Yong Chen, Tao Zeng e Dan Dan Zhao. "Study and Theoretical Calculation on New Type of Adsorption Chiller". Applied Mechanics and Materials 291-294 (febbraio 2013): 1867–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.291-294.1867.
Abstract (sommario):
One of improving refrigeration performance of adsorption chiller methods is optimizing adsorption chiller structure. A new type of adsorption chiller was proposed in this paper, which obtained two adsorbers, evaporator, condenser and vapor valves between adsorber and evaporator and between adsorber and condenser. The vapor valve was the very important component of the adsorption chiller, which was controlled by pressure difference of both sides of vapor valve. Compared with normal adsorption chiller, the vapor valve replaced the tubes and vacuum valves between adsorber and evaporator and between adsorber and condenser. It can reduce the total equipment size, and decrease the pressure loss of refrigerant flowing in the refrigeration system. Working mechanism of vapor valve and working process of adsorption chiller were investigated, and the theoretical calculation of adsorption chiller was carried out. These works were important foundation for design of adsorption chiller.