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1

Nyeck, Simon, Sylvie Paradis, Jean-Marc Xuereb e Jean-Charles Chebat. "Standardisation ou adaptation des échelles de mesure à travers différents contextes nationaux: L'exemple d'une échelle de mesure de l'innovativité". Recherche et Applications en Marketing (French Edition) 11, n. 3 (settembre 1996): 57–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/076737019601100304.

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Cet article évalue l'adaptabilité inter-pays d'une échelle de mesure de l'innovativité des consommateurs pouvant s'appliquer à divers domaines spécifiques de la consommation (Goldsmith et Hofacker, 1991). Cette échelle a été développée, testée et validée aux Etats-Unis uniquement. L'adaptabilité de l'instrument à d'autres contextes est évaluée dans le domaine spécifique du cinéma, à travers l'étude de ses propriétés psychométriques dans trois pays (Canada, France et Israël). Les implications théoriques, méthodologiques et managériales de cette évaluation sont discutées.
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Lemire, Colombe, Carmen Dionne e Suzie McKinnon. "Accord interjuges des nouveaux domaines, la littératie et la numératie, de l’AEPS/EIS". Revue de psychoéducation 44, n. 1 (3 aprile 2017): 63–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1039271ar.

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Cet article présente les degrés d’accord interjuges entre deux évaluateurs pour les nouveaux domaines, la littératie et la numératie, du Programme EIS Évaluation Intervention Suivi, une adaptation francophone de l’Assessment, Evaluation, and Programming System (AEPS). Depuis plusieurs années, les tests d’évaluation conventionnels du développement sont source d’insatisfaction pour les intervenants oeuvrant auprès d’enfants présentant des incapacités, en raison des protocoles d’administration rigides et des exercices d’évaluation éloignés des comportements naturels de l’enfant, ce que pallie l’AEPS/EIS. Ce dernier, un outil d’évaluation du développement de l’enfant, vise dans sa nouvelle édition l’introduction des domaines de la littératie et de la numératie. Les questions de recherche de la présente étude concernent les degrés d’accord interjuges entre deux évaluateurs pour chacun des deux domaines et pour chacun des buts qui les composent. L’échantillon est constitué de 32 enfants, évalués dans leur milieu de vie. Les résultats montrent un degré d’accord excellent pour la littératie et substantiel pour la numératie. Seul un but en littératie présente un degré d’accord faible. De même, seule une absence d’accord est notée pour un but de la numératie. En conclusion, les nouveaux domaines présentent des qualités psychométriques intéressantes sur le plan de la fidélité. Cette étude est un apport au processus d’élaboration des domaines de la littératie et de la numératie de l’AEPS/EIS. Néanmoins, la poursuite de la validation de l’ensemble de la nouvelle édition demeure incontournable.
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Desseilles, Martin. "Adaptation et neurosciences I : craintes, société, méthodologie, finalité". Mosaïque 40, n. 3 (29 gennaio 2016): 209–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1034919ar.

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Cet article est le premier de deux articles explorant les liens bidirectionnels entre le concept d’adaptation et celui de neurosciences. Nous verrons tout d’abord dans cet article que les neurosciences peuvent être perçues comme ambitieuses et toutes-puissantes oscillant entre un danger réductionniste et déshumanisant ou bien cristallisant certains fantasmes de maîtrise. Nous verrons ensuite que la société s’adapte aux neurosciences en intégrant certaines méthodologies et certaines découvertes dans des domaines très variés, au point que nous pouvons nous questionner sur la neurosociété de demain. Ensuite nous verrons que la méthodologie des neurosciences est elle-même fréquemment remise en question et nécessite que chacun en connaisse les limites sans s’en tenir aux seules promesses. Après cela, nous verrons que l’adaptation vue comme une promesse d’un but déterminé et fini peut s’avérer rassurante mais est surtout improbable.
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Donon, Marlène. "Stabilité, changements et rythmes d’innovation du latin au français". SHS Web of Conferences 191 (2024): 03007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/202419103007.

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Cet article se propose de caractériser les principaux types d’innovation, mais aussi la constance lexicale du latin au français, à partir d’une liste représentative de vocabulaire à haute fréquence d’usage dans ces deux langues. L’étude vise d’abord à dresser un bilan quantitatif des changements stratiques, morphologiques et sémantiques, puis à identifier les domaines cognitifs les plus importants et les mécanismes de changement les plus productifs au sein de cet échantillon. La nomenclature est issue, après adaptation, des deux publications de référence d’Arnulf Stefenelli (1981 ; 1992) sur les vocabulaires français et latin à haute fréquence.
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Boutard, Guillaume. "À propos du Centre interdisciplinaire de recherche en musique, médias et technologie (cirmmt) : entretien avec Marcelo Wanderley". Circuit 24, n. 2 (13 agosto 2014): 31–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1026182ar.

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Le Centre interdisciplinaire de recherche en musique, médias et technologie (cirmmt) a été créé en 2000. Marcelo Wanderley, son directeur actuel, nous présente les enjeux de cette institution. À travers différents projets, il nous décrit les différents axes de recherche du cirmmt, et sa structure en adaptation constante aux évolutions des domaines et des structures académiques. Dans un contexte foncièrement interdisciplinaire soutenu par cette mobilité et ce dynamisme, les projets évoqués nous entraînent vers les terrains des nouveaux instruments, de la recherche d’information musicale, de la cognition et de la perception, de la pédagogie et des pratiques musicales étendues.
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Ngom, Papa Ibrahima, Pascaline Attebi, Joseph Samba Diouf, Khady Diop Ba, Alpha Badiane e Falou Diagne. "Traduction et adaptation culturelle en français d’un indicateur de qualité de vie liée aux dysmorphoses orthodontiques : le PIDAQ". L'Orthodontie Française 84, n. 4 (27 novembre 2013): 319–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/orthodfr/2013066.

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Le PIDAQ (Psychosocial Impact of Dental Aesthetics Questionnaire) est un instrument qui a été mis au point pour évaluer l’impact des dysmorphoses orthodontiques sur la qualité de vie. L’objectif de cette étude était d’adapter en langue française le questionnaire PIDAQ. Secondairement, une évaluation de ses propriétés psychométriques et de sa validité a été mise en œuvre. Les recommandations de Guillemin, et al. (1993) ont servi de base dans cette perspective. En particulier, les quatre étapes suivantes sont rigoureusement suivies : étape préparatoire, réunion d’expert, rétro-traduction et harmonisation. La version en français obtenue à la fin du processus d’adaptation, que nous avons convenu de nommer QIPEO, est testée sur un échantillon de 42 sujets (33 femmes et 9 hommes) âgés de 24,60 ± 8,66 ans. Les résultats montrent une excellente fiabilité du PIDAQ avec une cohérence interne des items qui constituent chacun des domaines variant de 0,67 pour les « préoccupations esthétiques » à 0,87 pour l’« impact social ». La reproductibilité des réponses données par 14 patients à deux évaluations différentes séparées de 15 jours est bonne pour les quatre domaines avec un coefficient intra-classe allant de 0,72 pour l’« impact social » à 0,90 pour la « perception esthétique ». Cette étude révèle aussi que le PIDAQ a un certain degré de validité pour cette population, les scores étant, d’une part, associés de façon significative à la perception qu’ont les patients de l’alignement de leurs dents et, d’autre part, avec la composante de santé dentaire de l’IOTN (Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need). Une étude de validation sur un échantillon plus grand et plus variée de sujets issus d’une population française est recommandée ainsi qu’une analyse de sa réactivité aux changements (traitement, récidives, etc.).
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Schmitt, Olivier. "La France : une puissance militaire à l’heure des choix". Questions internationales 119-120, n. 3 (19 ottobre 2023): 30–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/quin.119.0030.

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Les forces armées françaises sont aujourd’hui probablement les plus performantes en Europe. Avec le Royaume-Uni, la France est actuellement la seule puissance européenne capable d’intervenir sur tout le spectre d’intensité des opérations – y compris nucléaire –, et dans tous les domaines – terrestre, naval, aérien, cyber et spatial. Toutefois, les armées françaises sont actuellement à la fin d’un cycle opérationnel caractérisé par trente ans « d’opérations extérieures », et doivent désormais se recentrer sur le haut du spectre des opérations. Cette adaptation, liée à l’évolution du contexte stratégique international marqué notamment par la fin de l’unipolarité américaine, contraint la France à hiérarchiser ses intérêts et théâtres d’engagement, avec des conséquences importantes pour les missions et le format des forces armées.
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Paulet Dubois, Françoise. "extrême dans "La maison" de Julien Gracq, une lettre de Mme de Sévigné, un extrait de "Don Quijote" de Cervantès et de son adaptation par Florian". Cuadernos de Investigación Filológica 55 (30 luglio 2024): 77–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.18172/cif.6069.

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À une époque comme la nôtre, où l’hyperbole règne dans des domaines aussi variés que la politique, le sport ou la mode, j’ai choisi d’examiner, par une approche morphosyntaxique, lexicale et stylistique, l’emploi du superlatif dans un récit de Julien Gracq publié par Corti en avril 2023, La Maison, et dans quelques pages choisies de deux textes célèbres, la Lettre de Madame de Sévigné à Monsieur de Coulanges du 15 décembre 1670 et Don Quijote de la Mancha de Cervantès, et de l’équivalent en français de ce dernier, Don Quichotte de Florian.
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Lareau, André. "Réflexions fiscales sur la famille". Les Cahiers de droit 34, n. 4 (12 aprile 2005): 1205–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/043249ar.

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Le budget du 25 février 1992 a énoncé des modifications à la Loi de l'impôt sur le revenu qui représentent une adaptation au mode de vie actuel des citoyens du Canada. En effet, la définition du terme « conjoint » a été élargie afin d'englober les conjoints de fait en vue de mettre fin à une disparité fiscale existant entre les personnes mariées et celles qui vivent en union de fait. Dans le présent texte, l'auteur compare la notion de conjoint telle qu'on la connaissait avant le 1erjanvier 1993 à celle qui prévaut depuis cette date et il soulève aussi les difficultés d'application susceptibles d'être causées par les nouvelles dispositions. Par ailleurs, il est question des problèmes engendrés par la notion de conjoint notamment en matière de déductibilité des frais de garde d'enfants ainsi que des solutions apportées à cet égard par les nouvelles mesures de même que des lacunes qui subsisteraient. Enfin, l'auteur conclut que même si les nouvelles dispositions permettant un élargissement de la notion de conjoint constituent un pas dans la bonne direction, il faudrait s'attaquer au texte même de la législation et repenser le système afin de redéfinir des règles claires et plus objectives dans tous les domaines de la fiscalité familiale.
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STAVILA AMARANDEI, R., S. MAHUT, P. SIXOU e A. JAMI. "Le patient, le médecin et la confiance : traduction, adaptation culturelle et validation de l'échelle de confiance de Wake Forest". EXERCER 32, n. 176 (1 ottobre 2021): 359–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.56746/exercer.2021.176.359.

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Introduction. La confiance est essentielle à la relation médecin-malade. Compte tenu de son impact sur la prise en charge des patients, et en l’absence d’outil validé en français pour pouvoir l’évaluer, il était justifié de traduire, d’adapter à la culture française et de valider une échelle anglo-saxonne existante. L’échelle de Wake Forest a été choisie car c’est une échelle de référence. Objectifs. Traduire et valider en français l’échelle de Wake Forest. Méthode. Pour la traduction et l’adaptation culturelle, les étapes ont été incluses : la préparation, la traduction de l’échelle en français, l’harmonisation des trois traductions par quatre traducteurs (première commission), la rétrotraduction, l’analyse de la rétrotraduction et l’harmonisation (deuxième commission), l’application du prétest, l’élaboration de la version définitive du test (troisième commission). La validation a été réalisée sur 100 patients consultant en cabinet de médecine générale : la qualité des items et l’a de Cronbach ont été analysés. Dans un second temps, l’analyse de la fidélité temporelle a été effectuée par la réalisation d’un test-retest. Résultats. Les difficultés rencontrées pour l’analyse et la traduction des différents items étaient hétérogènes et ont été résolues au cours des commissions. À la fin du processus et après relecture, la version finale de l’échelle de Wake Forest a été proposée. L’analyse de la qualité des items a été satisfaisante. Le coefficient a de Cronbach était à 0,89. Le test-retest était stable dans le temps. Conclusion. La traduction a été menée à bien. Aucun outil de mesure de la confiance n’avait encore été construit en France. La qualité de l’échelle produite était comparable aux traductions réalisées en Chine et aux Pays-Bas ainsi qu’à des travaux de traduction réalisés dans d’autres domaines. La procédure de traduction qui a été utilisée a été rigoureuse et a suivi de manière exhaustive les recommandations disponibles. Les traducteurs, même s’ils étaient bilingues, n’étaient pas des professionnels de la traduction. Ce travail permet de disposer, en France, d’un instrument pour évaluer la confiance des patients en leur médecin.
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Magnat, Emilie, e Nicolas Guichon. "International Students’ Smartphone Usage During the First COVID-19 Lockdown". Frontiers: The Interdisciplinary Journal of Study Abroad 35, n. 1 (10 aprile 2023): 392–416. http://dx.doi.org/10.36366/frontiers.v35i1.620.

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contexts during their stay abroad. In this empirical study, we examined how a group of international students (n=10) in France used their smartphones during the eight-week lockdown that imposed on everyone a stay-at-home order and allowed minimal physical contact (April and May 2020). We collected data about students’ use thanks to a self-tracking app and interviews. Drawing on literature from the fields of language education, communication, and psychology, we considered advantages and limitations of smartphone use by international students pertaining to three aspects of their lives: (1) emotional management, (2) language and culture learning, and (3) sociocultural adaptation. Since international students were in the host country, but without the social life on campus that usually makes immersion abroad so special, this study led us to reflections about immersion and inclusion in education abroad. Abstract in French Les smartphones accompagnent les étudiants internationaux dans leur adaptation à différents contextes pendant leur séjour à l'étranger. Dans cette étude empirique, nous avons examiné comment un groupe d'étudiants internationaux (n=10) en France a utilisé leurs smartphones pendant le confinement de 8 semaines qui a imposé à tous de rester à la maison et a engendré un contact physique minimal (avril et mai 2020). Nous avons recueilli des données sur les usages des étudiants grâce à une application d’auto-suivi et des entretiens. En nous appuyant sur la littérature dans les domaines de l'enseignement des langues, de la communication et de la psychologie, nous avons examiné les avantages et les limites de l'utilisation du smartphone par les étudiants internationaux en ce qui concerne trois aspects de leur vie : (1) la gestion des émotions, (2) l'apprentissage de la langue et de la culture, et (3) l'adaptation socioculturelle. Étant donné que les étudiants internationaux se trouvaient dans le pays d'accueil, mais sans la vie sociale sur le campus qui rend habituellement l'immersion à l'étranger si spéciale, cette étude nous a amenés à réfléchir à l'immersion et à l'inclusion dans l'éducation à l'étranger.
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Scocco, Paolo, e Elena Toffol. "Psychothérapie interpersonnelle de groupe : une revue de littérature". Santé mentale au Québec 33, n. 2 (15 gennaio 2009): 105–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/019671ar.

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RésuméLa psychothérapie interpersonnelle (PTI) a d’abord été conçue en tant qu’approche psychothérapeutique pour traiter la dépression, mais on l’a depuis largement utilisée pour traiter plusieurs autres pathologies. Récemment, on a aussi adapté la PTI à un format de groupe, qui comporte à la fois les avantages et les désavantages des autres psychothérapies de groupe. Utilisée pour la première fois par Wilfley et ses collègues, cette adaptation garde les principales caractéristiques de la PTI, c’est-à-dire le rôle central de l’axe interpersonnel et l’identification d’un (ou de deux) des quatre domaines interpersonnels problématiques (le deuil pathologique, la transition de rôle, les conflits de rôles et les déficits interpersonnels). L’adaptation conserve aussi le rôle actif du thérapeute et du patient individuel au sein du groupe. À ce jour, la psychothérapie interpersonnelle adaptée aux groupes (PTI-G) a servi à traiter plusieurs pathologies (les Troubles des conduites alimentaires non spécifiques, la boulimie, les troubles dépressifs et les troubles de stress post-traumatique [TSPT]) et ce, auprès de plusieurs populations (adolescents, aînés, femmes enceintes ou « nouvelles mères », femmes toxicomanes incarcérées). Bien que la qualité générale des études sur les résultats soit à ce jour plutôt pauvre, l’examen de l’état actuel des connaissances indique que la PTI-G peut s’avérer utile et qu’elle peut présenter un certain nombre d’avantages dans le traitement de divers troubles psychiatriques auprès de plusieurs populations de patients.
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Massoubre, C., A. Gay e T. Sigaud. "Le malade complexe en psychiatrie de liaison : aspects thérapeutiques". European Psychiatry 29, S3 (novembre 2014): 588. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2014.09.302.

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Il n’existe pas de définition univoque du malade complexe, mais il est souvent porteur de plusieurs pathologies chroniques, est en général âgé, utilise de nombreuses ressources médicales et de soins, est souvent hospitalisé, en général pour des périodes prolongées et nécessite de nombreux médicaments [1]. Par ailleurs l’augmentation constante des maladies complexes à l’étiologie multifactorielle (obésité, diabète, maladies cardiovasculaires, maladies dysimmunitaires…) est un problème central dans l’exercice médical actuel. Une fois hospitalisés, ces patients peuvent présenter des pathologies psychiatriques (troubles de l’humeur, troubles anxieux et parfois psychoses) qui nécessitent de faire appel à l’unité de psychiatrie de liaison.Une réécriture de la clinique psychiatrique est nécessaire ainsi que la prise en compte des difficultés propres du service somatique, ce qui oblige à une adaptation de la prise en charge thérapeutique nécessaire non seulement en fonction des pathologies somatiques présentes, mais aussi en fonction du cadre et de la durée des prises en charge. Les thérapeutiques médicamenteuses sont utiles en respectant les principes scientifiques de la médecine actuelle, mais une approche individualisée faisant appel à d’autres domaines de l’interaction humaine tels que la psychologie, la sociologie, le droit et l’éthique sont souvent nécessaires pour arriver à une gestion coordonnée des soins du patient complexe.Deux vignettes cliniques viendront illustrer la complexité de l’intervention du psychiatre dans son aspect thérapeutique auprès de malades complexes en psychiatrie de liaison.
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Kuncham, Prathyusha, Chandu Khyathi Raghavi, Kovida Nelakuditi e Dipti Misra Sharma. "Domain Adaptation in Morphological Analysis". International Journal of Languages, Literature and Linguistics 1, n. 2 (2015): 127–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.7763/ijlll.2015.v1.25.

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Li Yuenan, 李岳楠, 徐浩宇 Xu Haoyu e 董浩 Dong Hao. "频域内面向目标检测的领域自适应". Infrared and Laser Engineering 51, n. 7 (2022): 20210638. http://dx.doi.org/10.3788/irla20210638.

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Cajolet-Laganière, Hélène. "L’essor d’une norme endogène au Québec : l’exemple du dictionnaire Usito". Gragoatá 26, n. 54 (19 febbraio 2021): 105–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.22409/gragoata.v26i54.46376.

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L’article s’inscrit dans la thématique de la francophonie et l'essor de normes endogènes. Il retrace les différentes étapes qui ont été parcourues au Québec, des quelques dizaines de canadianismes de bon aloi prescrits par l’Office de la langue française (OLF), en 1969, à une description scientifique du français en usage au Québec, explicitée et diffusée dans le dictionnaire en ligne Usito depuis 2014. L’article fait état des diverses études visant à caractériser le français québécois standard, notamment les marques et spécificités linguistiques propres au français québécois standard (particularités orthographiques, typographiques, morphologiques et lexicales dans tous les domaines de la vie courante et professionnelle). Il présente également l’aménagement de la variation linguistique et l’explicitation de la norme endogène dans le dictionnaire en ligne Usito. Il décrit, entre autres éléments, avec exemples tirés du dictionnaire, le traitement de la variation linguistique, la hiérarchisation des usages, dont les marques normatives, et autres éléments faisant partie de la norme endogène au Québec. Il montre en outre l’importance des marqueurs de l’identité culturelle (exemplification, citations, articles thématiques, etc.). Il s’attarde enfin aux aspects pédagogiques du dictionnaire (tolérance à l’erreur, structuration des articles, important réseau de liens hypertextes, tableau latéral à droite des articles, interface de navigation, etc.). Il conclut quant à l’importance de la mise à jour constante du contenu du dictionnaire, de son adaptation aux diverses clientèles visées et au renouvellement des fonctionnalités au regard de l’évolution des technologies, afin d’offrir une utilisation simple et instinctive de tous les aspects de la langue.
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Lee, Jonghyeop, Hyeongseok Son, Junyong Lee, Haeun Yoon, Sunghyun Cho e Seungyong Lee. "도메인 적응을 이용한 단일 파노라마 깊이 추정". Journal of the Korea Computer Graphics Society 26, n. 3 (luglio 2020): 61–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.15701/kcgs.2020.26.3.61.

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MAHI, Amina. "Vers une Prédominance de l'Anglais : L'Évolution de son Implantation dans le Contexte Universitaire Algérien". Langues & Cultures 5, n. 01 (30 giugno 2024): 355–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.62339/jlc.v5i01.249.

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Le paysage de l'enseignement de l'anglais en Algérie témoigne d'une évolution progressive vers une valorisation plus prononcée de cette langue au sein des filières scientifiques et techniques universitaires. Cette transition se matérialise par une prise de conscience croissante des besoins de l'économie mondiale, caractérisée par une demande croissante de professionnels compétents dans ces domaines maîtrisant l'anglais comme langue de communication internationale. Cette tendance reflète également la volonté du gouvernement qui reconnait de plus en plus l'importance de la maîtrise de l'anglais pour accéder à des opportunités professionnelles et économiques internationales. En réponse à ces besoins, le ministère revoit ses programmes et ses méthodes d’enseignement afin de garantit une meilleure intégration de l’anglais dans les disciplines scientifiques. Ainsi, cette transition vers une plus grande prédominance de l'anglais à l'université en Algérie s'inscrit dans une dynamique plus large de modernisation et d'adaptation aux exigences d'un monde globalisé et axé sur la compétitivité économique. Abstract The landscape of English teaching in Algeria demonstrates a gradual evolution towards a more pronounced valorization of this language within scientific and technical university courses. This transition is materialized by a growing awareness of the needs of the global economy, characterized by a growing demand for competent professionals in these fields who master English as a language of international communication. This trend also reflects the desire of the government which increasingly recognizes the importance of mastering English in accessing international professional and economic opportunities. In response to these needs, the ministry is reviewing its programs and teaching methods in order to guarantee better integration of English in scientific disciplines.Thus, this transition towards a greater predominance of English at university in Algeria is part of a broader dynamic of modernization and adaptation to the demands of a globalized world focused on economic competitiveness.
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Tang, Shixiang, Peng Su, Dapeng Chen e Wanli Ouyang. "Gradient Regularized Contrastive Learning for Continual Domain Adaptation". Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 35, n. 3 (18 maggio 2021): 2665–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v35i3.16370.

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Abstract (sommario):
Human beings can quickly adapt to environmental changes by leveraging learning experience. However, adapting deep neural networks to dynamic environments by machine learning algorithms remains a challenge. To better understand this issue, we study the problem of continual domain adaptation, where the model is presented with a labelled source domain and a sequence of unlabelled target domains. The obstacles in this problem are both domain shift and catastrophic forgetting. We propose Gradient Regularized Contrastive Learning (GRCL) to solve the obstacles. At the core of our method, gradient regularization plays two key roles: (1) enforcing the gradient not to harm the discriminative ability of source features which can, in turn, benefit the adaptation ability of the model to target domains; (2) constraining the gradient not to increase the classification loss on old target domains, which enables the model to preserve the performance on old target domains when adapting to an in-coming target domain. Experiments on Digits, DomainNet and Office-Caltech benchmarks demonstrate the strong performance of our approach when compared to the state-of-the-art.
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20

Yu-Dong Cao, Yu-Dong Cao, Shuang-Jiang Hang Yu-Dong Cao e Xu Jia Shuang-Jiang Hang. "Improving Unsupervised Domain Adaptation via Multiple Adversarial Learning". 電腦學刊 34, n. 5 (ottobre 2023): 073–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.53106/199115992023103405006.

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Abstract (sommario):
<p>Most machine learning methods assume the training and test sets to be independent and have identical distributions. However, this assumption does not always hold true in practical applications. Direct training usually induces poor performance if the training and test data have distribution shifts. To address this issue, a three-part model based on using a feature extractor, a classifier, and several domain discriminators is adopted herein. This unsupervised domain adaptation model is based on multiple adversarial learning with samples of different importance. A deep neural network is used for supervised classification learning of the source domain. Numerous adversarial networks are used to constitute the domain discriminators to align each category in the source and target domains and effectively transfer knowledge from the source domain to the target domain. Triplet loss functions&mdash;classification loss, label credibility loss, and discrimination loss&mdash;are presented to further optimize the model parameters. First, the label similarity metric is designed between the target and source domains data. Second, a credibility loss function is proposed to obtain an accurate label for the unlabeled data of the target domain under training iterations. Finally, a discrimination loss is designed for multiple adversarial domain discriminators to fully utilize the unlabeled data in the target domain during training. The discrimination loss function uses predicted label probabilities as dynamic weights for the train data. The proposed method is compared with mainstream domain adaptation approaches on four public datasets: Office-31, MNIST, USPS, and SVHN. Experimental results show that the proposed method can perform well in the target domain and improve generalization performance of the model.</p> <p>&nbsp;</p>
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21

Kletzander, Lucas, e Nysret Musliu. "Hyper-Heuristics for Personnel Scheduling Domains". Proceedings of the International Conference on Automated Planning and Scheduling 32 (13 giugno 2022): 462–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/icaps.v32i1.19832.

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Abstract (sommario):
In real-life applications problems can frequently change or require small adaptations. Manually creating and tuning algorithms for different problem domains or different versions of a problem can be cumbersome and time-consuming. In this paper we consider several important problems with high practical relevance, which are Bus Driver Scheduling, Rotating Workforce Scheduling, and Minimum Shift Design. Instead of designing very specific solution methods, we propose to use the more general approach based on hyper-heuristics which take a set of simpler low-level heuristics and combine them to automatically create a fitting heuristic for the problem at hand. This paper presents a major study on applying hyper-heuristics to these domains, which contributes in three different ways: First, it defines new low-level heuristics for these scheduling domains, allowing to apply hyper-heuristics to them for the first time. Second, it provides a comparison of several state-of-the-art hyper-heuristics on those domains. Third, new best solutions for several instances of the different problem domains are found. These results show that hyper-heuristics are able to perform well even on very complex practical problem domains in the area of scheduling and, while being more general and requiring less problem-specific adaptation, can in several cases compete with specialized algorithms for the specific problems. These results help to improve industrial systems in use for solving different scheduling scenarios by allowing faster and easier adaptation to new problem variants.
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22

Lee, Seungmin, e Kyupil Yeon. "A Copula Based Unsupervised Domain Adaptation for Image Classification". Korean Data Analysis Society 26, n. 2 (30 aprile 2024): 433–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.37727/jkdas.2024.26.2.433.

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Abstract (sommario):
In this paper, we present an unsupervised domain adaptation algorithm for image classification using principal component analysis (PCA) and Gaussian copula function alignment. The motivation of the proposed algorithm stems from the idea of CORAL algorithm which extracts domain invariant features by aligning the correlation structure between a source and a target domain. However, it suffers from the fact that highly skewed marginal distributions happen to distort the correlation structure so that it may cause a negative transfer. Therefore we utilize a copula function that enables us to analyze separately the dependency structure and the marginals by Sklar’s theorem. In particular, we propose to align the Gaussian copula correlations in the copula feature spaces instead of aligning the correlation matrices in the original space. Considering the extremely skewed distribution of SURF image features in Office-Caltech10 data set we apply PCA first in order to extract some skewness-mitigated principal features and then derive copula features to align for domain adaptation by using CORAL idea with Gaussian copula correlation matrices. The proposed method showed a good classification accuracy when applied to image classification problem in an unsupervised domain adaptation setting.
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Hinault, Thomas, e Patrick Lemaire. "Adaptive Strategic Variations in Human Cognition Across the Life Span". Journal of Education and Training 3, n. 1 (2 febbraio 2016): 189. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/jet.v3i1.8967.

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This paper provides an overview of how a strategy perspective fruitfully contributes to our understanding of psychological adaptation in problem-solving tasks, as well as how strategic adaptation develops across lifespan. Indeed, people do not use a single strategy to solve various problems, nor do their strategies remain the same across their lifespan. Problem-solving performance is determined by efficient strategy selection and execution, and strategy effectiveness is modulated by characteristics of problems, strategies, situations, and participants. Multiple strategy use help participants to obtain better performance through strategic adaptations. Strategic adaptations can be defined as participants’ calibrations of how they accomplish cognitive tasks as a function of different task parameters. Moreover, this review consider how strategic adaptation mechanisms are implemented during childhood, as well as aging effects on the ability to select and execute strategies adaptively given environmental constraints. Third, the role of working memory capacity and executive processes in strategy use and in age-related changes in strategy adaptativeness are discussed. This review illustrates developmental changes of strategic adaptation during childhood and adulthood with findings from a variety of cognitive domains, including decision making and arithmetic problem solving.
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Kar, Sunanda. "The Literary Canon Inside and Beyond Academia: Adaptations and Engagements". Interdisciplinary Literary Studies 26, n. 1 (aprile 2024): 112–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.5325/intelitestud.26.1.0112.

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ABSTRACT While mobile phones, computers, and other reading devices are now well integrated to the academe, streaming platforms (like Netflix) have been increasingly making canonical texts available (as adaptations) to the audience beyond the classroom. These movie adaptations, which do not serve pedagogic functions, are appropriated into the academe recast the relationship between the text and the reader and calls into question the distinction between academic and nonacademic domains—particularly, it questions the borders of the literary canon and the text. If canonical texts constitute the literary field (Bourdieu, 199), how do digital renditions of literary texts alter the constituency of the literary canon? This article, along these lines, examines how accessing canonical literary texts as movie adaptations, as popular renditions, by nonspecialized audiences, on streaming platforms impacts the canon in question. The article argues that movie adaptation of literary texts facilitates the transposition and mobility of the literary canon from an ambit of academic ecology to a nonacademic popular culture. Adaptation, this article argues, helps in the reimagination of the literary canon within the ambit of popular culture.
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Queiroz, João, e Pedro Atã. "Intersemiotic Translation, Cognitive Artefact, and Creativity". Adaptation 12, n. 3 (9 aprile 2019): 298–314. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/adaptation/apz001.

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Abstract Intersemiotic translation (IT) can be described as a cognitive artefact designed as a predictive, generative, and metasemiotic tool that distributes artistic creativity. Cognitive artefacts have a huge variety of forms and are manipulated in many different ways and domains. As a projective augmented intelligence technique, IT works as a predictive tool, anticipating new, and surprising patterns of semiotic events and processes, keeping under control the emergence of new patterns. At the same time, it works as a generative model, providing new, unexpected, surprising data in the target-system,​​ and affording competing results​ ​which allow the system to generate candidate instances. As a metasemiotic tool, IT creates a metalevel semiotic process, a sign-action which stands for the action of a sign. It creates an ‘experimental laboratory’ for performing semiotic experiments. IT submits semiotic systems to unusual conditions and provides a scenario for observing the emergence of new and surprising semiotic behaviour as a result. We explore these ideas taking advantage of two examples of ITs to theatrical dance: (1) from one-point visual perspective to classical ballet and (2) from John Cage’s protocols of music indeterminacy to Merce Cunningham’s choreographic composition.
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ZHAO Chunhui, 赵春晖, 李彤 LI Tong e 冯收 FENG Shou. "基于密集卷积和域自适应的高光谱图像分类". ACTA PHOTONICA SINICA 50, n. 3 (2021): 148. http://dx.doi.org/10.3788/gzxb20215003.0310001.

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27

Xu, Pengcheng, Boyu Wang e Charles Ling. "Class Overwhelms: Mutual Conditional Blended-Target Domain Adaptation". Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 37, n. 3 (26 giugno 2023): 3036–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v37i3.25407.

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Abstract (sommario):
Current methods of blended targets domain adaptation (BTDA) usually infer or consider domain label information but underemphasize hybrid categorical feature structures of targets, which yields limited performance, especially under the label distribution shift. We demonstrate that domain labels are not directly necessary for BTDA if categorical distributions of various domains are sufficiently aligned even facing the imbalance of domains and the label distribution shift of classes. However, we observe that the cluster assumption in BTDA does not comprehensively hold. The hybrid categorical feature space hinders the modeling of categorical distributions and the generation of reliable pseudo labels for categorical alignment. To address these, we propose a categorical domain discriminator guided by uncertainty to explicitly model and directly align categorical distributions P(Z|Y). Simultaneously, we utilize the low-level features to augment the single source features with diverse target styles to rectify the biased classifier P(Y|Z) among diverse targets. Such a mutual conditional alignment of P(Z|Y) and P(Y|Z) forms a mutual reinforced mechanism. Our approach outperforms the state-of-the-art in BTDA even compared with methods utilizing domain labels, especially under the label distribution shift, and in single target DA on DomainNet.
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28

Chen, Cheng, Qi Dou, Hao Chen, Jing Qin e Pheng-Ann Heng. "Synergistic Image and Feature Adaptation: Towards Cross-Modality Domain Adaptation for Medical Image Segmentation". Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 33 (17 luglio 2019): 865–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v33i01.3301865.

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Abstract (sommario):
This paper presents a novel unsupervised domain adaptation framework, called Synergistic Image and Feature Adaptation (SIFA), to effectively tackle the problem of domain shift. Domain adaptation has become an important and hot topic in recent studies on deep learning, aiming to recover performance degradation when applying the neural networks to new testing domains. Our proposed SIFA is an elegant learning diagram which presents synergistic fusion of adaptations from both image and feature perspectives. In particular, we simultaneously transform the appearance of images across domains and enhance domain-invariance of the extracted features towards the segmentation task. The feature encoder layers are shared by both perspectives to grasp their mutual benefits during the end-to-end learning procedure. Without using any annotation from the target domain, the learning of our unified model is guided by adversarial losses, with multiple discriminators employed from various aspects. We have extensively validated our method with a challenging application of crossmodality medical image segmentation of cardiac structures. Experimental results demonstrate that our SIFA model recovers the degraded performance from 17.2% to 73.0%, and outperforms the state-of-the-art methods by a significant margin.
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Yu, Lei, Wanqi Yang, Shengqi Huang, Lei Wang e Ming Yang. "High-Level Semantic Feature Matters Few-Shot Unsupervised Domain Adaptation". Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 37, n. 9 (26 giugno 2023): 11025–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v37i9.26306.

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In few-shot unsupervised domain adaptation (FS-UDA), most existing methods followed the few-shot learning (FSL) methods to leverage the low-level local features (learned from conventional convolutional models, e.g., ResNet) for classification. However, the goal of FS-UDA and FSL are relevant yet distinct, since FS-UDA aims to classify the samples in target domain rather than source domain. We found that the local features are insufficient to FS-UDA, which could introduce noise or bias against classification, and not be used to effectively align the domains. To address the above issues, we aim to refine the local features to be more discriminative and relevant to classification. Thus, we propose a novel task-specific semantic feature learning method (TSECS) for FS-UDA. TSECS learns high-level semantic features for image-to-class similarity measurement. Based on the high-level features, we design a cross-domain self-training strategy to leverage the few labeled samples in source domain to build the classifier in target domain. In addition, we minimize the KL divergence of the high-level feature distributions between source and target domains to shorten the distance of the samples between the two domains. Extensive experiments on DomainNet show that the proposed method significantly outperforms SOTA methods in FS-UDA by a large margin (i.e., ~10%).
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O'Loughlin, Erin K., Jodi Kalubi, Teodora Riglea, Annie Pelekanakis e Jennifer L. O'Loughlin. "Corrélats du succès perçu des interventions de promotion de la santé dans les écoles primaires". Promotion de la santé et prévention des maladies chroniques au Canada 42, n. 9 (settembre 2022): 449–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.24095/hpcdp.42.9.03f.

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Abstract (sommario):
Introduction Les interventions de promotion de la santé (IPS) en milieu scolaire visent à soutenir le développement des jeunes et à influencer positivement les comportements modifiables liés au mode de vie. La détermination des facteurs qui contribuent au succès perçu des IPS ou l'entravent pourrait faciliter leur adaptation, améliorer leur mise en œuvre et contribuer à leur durabilité. Cette étude a pour objectif de déterminer ces facteurs dans trois domaines (caractéristiques de l'école, caractéristiques de l'IPS et facteurs liés à la planification et à la mise en œuvre de l'IPS) associés au succès perçu des IPS auprès des directeurs d'écoles primaires. Méthodologie Les données ont été tirées du projet PromeSS, une enquête transversale menée auprès des directeurs d'école ou de membres du personnel délégués dans un échantillon de commodité de 171 écoles primaires publiques du Québec (Canada). Le recrutement des commissions scolaires et des écoles s'est déroulé sur trois années scolaires (2016 à 2019). Les données sur les caractéristiques de l'école et des participants, les caractéristiques de l'IPS, les variables liées à la planification et à la mise en œuvre de l'IPS et le succès perçu des IPS ont été recueillies lors d'entretiens téléphoniques structurés en deux parties. Des statistiques descriptives ont été utilisées pour caractériser les écoles et les participants à l'étude. Vingt-huit corrélats possibles du succès perçu des IPS ont été étudiés séparément, dans un modèle de régression linéaire multivariée. Résultats Les participants ont généralement perçu les IPS comme étant très réussies. Après ajustement pour le nombre d'élèves, la langue d'enseignement, le quartier de l'école et de la défavorisation scolaire, nous avons relevé cinq corrélats du succès perçu, à savoir un taux de rotation plus faible du personnel enseignant, des scores plus élevés pour l'environnement physique de l'école, l'engagement de l'école et du personnel enseignant envers la santé des élèves, le leadership du directeur d'école et le fait que l'école développe l'IPS (au lieu de l'adopter seulement). Conclusion Si ces facteurs sont reproduits dans le cadre d'autres études indépendantes, les concepteurs des IPS et le personnel scolaire devraient en tenir compte dans le cadre de la planification et de la mise en œuvre des IPS dans les écoles primaires.
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Buggiotti, Laura, Nikolay S. Yudin e Denis M. Larkin. "Copy Number Variants in Two Northernmost Cattle Breeds Are Related to Their Adaptive Phenotypes". Genes 13, n. 9 (6 settembre 2022): 1595. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes13091595.

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Abstract (sommario):
Copy number variations (CNVs) are genomic structural variants with potential functional and evolutionary effects on phenotypes. In this study, we report the identification and characterization of CNVs from the whole-genome resequencing data of two northernmost cattle breeds from Russia: the Yakut and Kholmogory cattle and their phylogenetically most related breeds, Hanwoo and Holstein, respectively. Comparisons of the CNV regions (CNVRs) among the breeds led to the identification of breed-specific CNVRs shared by cold-adapted Kholmogory and Yakut cattle. An investigation of their overlap with genes, regulatory domains, conserved non-coding elements (CNEs), enhancers, and quantitative trait loci (QTLs) was performed to further explore breed-specific biology and adaptations. We found CNVRs enriched for gene ontology terms related to adaptation to environments in both the Kholmogory and Yakut breeds and related to thermoregulation specifically in Yakut cattle. Interestingly, the latter has also been supported when exploring the enrichment of breed-specific CNVRs in the regulatory domains and enhancers, CNEs, and QTLs implying the potential contribution of CNVR to the Yakut and Kholmogory cattle breeds’ adaptation to a harsh environment.
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32

Wheeler, Michael, e Anthony Atkinson. "Domains, Brains and Evolution". Royal Institute of Philosophy Supplement 49 (marzo 2001): 239–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1358246100007190.

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Abstract (sommario):
According to Darwinian thinking, organisms are (for the most part) designed by natural selection, and so are (for the most part) integrated collections of adaptations, where an adaptation is a phenotypic trait that is a specialized response to a particular selection pressure. For animals that make their living in the Arctic, one adaptive problem is how to maintain body temperature above a certain minimum level necessary for survival. Polar bears' thick coats are a response to that selection pressure (surviving in extreme cold). A thick coat makes a positive difference to a polar bear's fitness, since polar bears with very thin coats left fewer offspring than those with thicker coats. The foundational idea of evolutionary psychology is that brains are no different from any other organ with an evolutionary function, insofar as brains too are systems shaped by natural selection to solve adaptive problems. Thus brains have a particular functional organization because their behavioural effects tend, or once tended, to help maintain or increase the fitness of organisms with those brains. Prominent evolutionary psychologists (for example: Cosmides and Tooby, 1987; Cosmides and Tooby, 1994 and Symons, 1992) have endorsed the view that the last time any significant modifications were made by natural selection to the human brain's functional architecture, we were hunter-gatherers, inhabiting a world quite different from that which we now inhabit. That world was the Pleistocene epoch, between about 2 million years ago and 10 thousand years ago. On this view, then, the Pleistocene constitutes what evolutionary psychologists often call our environment of evolutionary adaptedness (or EEA), and the information- processing structure and organization of our present-day cognitive architecture is no different from that of our recent huntergatherer ancestors.
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33

Maule, John, e Anna Franklin. "Adaptation to variance generalizes across visual domains." Journal of Experimental Psychology: General 149, n. 4 (aprile 2020): 662–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/xge0000678.

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34

Li, Xiangrong, Mark S. Shephard e Mark W. Beall. "Accounting for curved domains in mesh adaptation". International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 58, n. 2 (2003): 247–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.772.

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35

Dobrzynski, Cécile, Maxime Melchior, Laurent Delannay e Jean-François Remacle. "A mesh adaptation procedure for periodic domains". International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 86, n. 12 (25 febbraio 2011): 1396–412. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.3106.

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36

Allen, David L., Roland R. Roy e V. Reggie Edgerton. "Myonuclear domains in muscle adaptation and disease". Muscle & Nerve 22, n. 10 (ottobre 1999): 1350–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1097-4598(199910)22:10<1350::aid-mus3>3.0.co;2-8.

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37

Chang, Liming, Wei Zhu, Shengchao Shi, Meihua Zhang, Jianping Jiang, Cheng Li, Feng Xie e Bin Wang. "Plateau Grass and Greenhouse Flower? Distinct Genetic Basis of Closely Related Toad Tadpoles Respectively Adapted to High Altitude and Karst Caves". Genes 11, n. 2 (22 gennaio 2020): 123. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes11020123.

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Abstract (sommario):
Genetic adaptation to extremes is a fascinating topic. Nevertheless, few studies have explored the genetic adaptation of closely related species respectively inhabiting distinct extremes. With deep transcriptome sequencing, we attempt to detect the genetic architectures of tadpoles of five closely related toad species adapted to the Tibetan Plateau, middle-altitude mountains and karst caves. Molecular evolution analyses indicated that not only the number of fast evolving genes (FEGs), but also the functioning coverage of FEGs, increased with elevation. Enrichment analyses correspondingly revealed that the highland species had most of the FEGs involved in high-elevation adaptation, for example, amino acid substitutions of XRCC6 in its binding domains might improve the capacity of DNA repair of the toad. Yet, few FEGs and positively selected genes (PSGs) involved in high-elevation adaptation were identified in the cave species, and none of which potentially contributed to cave adaptation. Accordingly, it is speculated that in the closely related toad tadpoles, genetic selection pressures increased with elevation, and cave adaptation was most likely derived from other factors (e.g., gene loss, pseudogenization or deletion), which could not be detected by our analyses. The findings supply a foundation for understanding the genetic adaptations of amphibians inhabiting extremes.
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Li, Xinyao, Jingjing Li, Fengling Li, Lei Zhu e Ke Lu. "Agile Multi-Source-Free Domain Adaptation". Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 38, n. 12 (24 marzo 2024): 13673–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v38i12.29272.

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Efficiently utilizing rich knowledge in pretrained models has become a critical topic in the era of large models. This work focuses on adaptively utilize knowledge from multiple source-pretrained models to an unlabeled target domain without accessing the source data. Despite being a practically useful setting, existing methods require extensive parameter tuning over each source model, which is computationally expensive when facing abundant source domains or larger source models. To address this challenge, we propose a novel approach which is free of the parameter tuning over source backbones. Our technical contribution lies in the Bi-level ATtention ENsemble (Bi-ATEN) module, which learns both intra-domain weights and inter-domain ensemble weights to achieve a fine balance between instance specificity and domain consistency. By slightly tuning source bottlenecks, we achieve comparable or even superior performance on a challenging benchmark DomainNet with less than 3% trained parameters and 8 times of throughput compared with SOTA method. Furthermore, with minor modifications, the proposed module can be easily equipped to existing methods and gain more than 4% performance boost. Code is available at https://github.com/TL-UESTC/Bi-ATEN.
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Song Zizhuang, 宋子壮, 杨嘉伟 Yang Jiawei, 张东方 Zhang Dongfang, 王诗强 Wang Shiqiang e 张越 Zhang Yue. "基于无监督域适应的低空海面红外目标检测". Acta Optica Sinica 42, n. 4 (2022): 0415001. http://dx.doi.org/10.3788/aos202242.0415001.

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Wu, Lan, Chongyang Li, Qiliang Chen e Binquan Li. "Deep adversarial domain adaptation network". International Journal of Advanced Robotic Systems 17, n. 5 (1 settembre 2020): 172988142096464. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1729881420964648.

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Abstract (sommario):
The advantage of adversarial domain adaptation is that it uses the idea of adversarial adaptation to confuse the feature distribution of two domains and solve the problem of domain transfer in transfer learning. However, although the discriminator completely confuses the two domains, adversarial domain adaptation still cannot guarantee the consistent feature distribution of the two domains, which may further deteriorate the recognition accuracy. Therefore, in this article, we propose a deep adversarial domain adaptation network, which optimises the feature distribution of the two confused domains by adding multi-kernel maximum mean discrepancy to the feature layer and designing a new loss function to ensure good recognition accuracy. In the last part, some simulation results based on the Office-31 and Underwater data sets show that the deep adversarial domain adaptation network can optimise the feature distribution and promote positive transfer, thus improving the classification accuracy.
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Liu, Bernard A., e Piers D. Nash. "Evolution of SH2 domains and phosphotyrosine signalling networks". Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 367, n. 1602 (19 settembre 2012): 2556–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2012.0107.

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Src homology 2 (SH2) domains mediate selective protein–protein interactions with tyrosine phosphorylated proteins, and in doing so define specificity of phosphotyrosine (pTyr) signalling networks. SH2 domains and protein-tyrosine phosphatases expand alongside protein-tyrosine kinases (PTKs) to coordinate cellular and organismal complexity in the evolution of the unikont branch of the eukaryotes. Examination of conserved families of PTKs and SH2 domain proteins provides fiduciary marks that trace the evolutionary landscape for the development of complex cellular systems in the proto-metazoan and metazoan lineages. The evolutionary provenance of conserved SH2 and PTK families reveals the mechanisms by which diversity is achieved through adaptations in tissue-specific gene transcription, altered ligand binding, insertions of linear motifs and the gain or loss of domains following gene duplication. We discuss mechanisms by which pTyr-mediated signalling networks evolve through the development of novel and expanded families of SH2 domain proteins and the elaboration of connections between pTyr-signalling proteins. These changes underlie the variety of general and specific signalling networks that give rise to tissue-specific functions and increasingly complex developmental programmes. Examination of SH2 domains from an evolutionary perspective provides insight into the process by which evolutionary expansion and modification of molecular protein interaction domain proteins permits the development of novel protein-interaction networks and accommodates adaptation of signalling networks.
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Xu, Yifan, Kekai Sheng, Weiming Dong, Baoyuan Wu, Changsheng Xu e Bao-Gang Hu. "Towards Corruption-Agnostic Robust Domain Adaptation". ACM Transactions on Multimedia Computing, Communications, and Applications 18, n. 4 (30 novembre 2022): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3501800.

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Abstract (sommario):
Great progress has been achieved in domain adaptation in decades. Existing works are always based on an ideal assumption that testing target domains are independent and identically distributed with training target domains. However, due to unpredictable corruptions (e.g., noise and blur) in real data, such as web images and real-world object detection, domain adaptation methods are increasingly required to be corruption robust on target domains. We investigate a new task, corruption-agnostic robust domain adaptation (CRDA), to be accurate on original data and robust against unavailable-for-training corruptions on target domains. This task is non-trivial due to the large domain discrepancy and unsupervised target domains. We observe that simple combinations of popular methods of domain adaptation and corruption robustness have suboptimal CRDA results. We propose a new approach based on two technical insights into CRDA, as follows: (1) an easy-to-plug module called domain discrepancy generator (DDG) that generates samples that enlarge domain discrepancy to mimic unpredictable corruptions; (2) a simple but effective teacher-student scheme with contrastive loss to enhance the constraints on target domains. Experiments verify that DDG maintains or even improves its performance on original data and achieves better corruption robustness than baselines. Our code is available at: https://github.com/YifanXu74/CRDA .
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Brozović, Danilo, e Hiroaki Saito. "The Impacts of Covid-19 on the Tourism Sector". Tourism 70, n. 3 (14 giugno 2022): 465–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.37741/t.70.3.9.

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Abstract (sommario):
This exploratory study charts the transformation of the tourism sector caused by the COVID-19 crisis. The article dissects five key domains of industry transformation: accelerated digitalisation, business model flexibility, human resources, travel restrictions, and risk perception and crisis management. It delineates the industry's changes, adaptations, and associated challenges in each domain. A review and content analysis of 240 publicly available online documents was conducted. The results provide managerial implications and avenues for future research in tourism, including the hybridisation of tourism products, transformation of the service encounter style, adaptation to a shifting travel mode, and increased risk awareness and preparedness.
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44

Mancini, Massimiliano, Lorenzo Porzi, Samuel Rota Bulo, Barbara Caputo e Elisa Ricci. "Inferring Latent Domains for Unsupervised Deep Domain Adaptation". IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence 43, n. 2 (1 febbraio 2021): 485–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tpami.2019.2933829.

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45

Dehé, Nicole. "‘Minimal adaptation’ and the edges of prosodic domains". Epistemological issue with keynote article “Prosodic effects on L2 grammars” 9, n. 6 (14 ottobre 2019): 833–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/lab.19056.deh.

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46

He, Yiwei, Yingjie Tian, Jingjing Tang e Yue Ma. "Unsupervised Domain Adaptation Using Exemplar-SVMs with Adaptation Regularization". Complexity 2018 (2018): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/8425821.

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Domain adaptation has recently attracted attention for visual recognition. It assumes that source and target domain data are drawn from the same feature space but different margin distributions and its motivation is to utilize the source domain instances to assist in training a robust classifier for target domain tasks. Previous studies always focus on reducing the distribution mismatch across domains. However, in many real-world applications, there also exist problems of sample selection bias among instances in a domain; this would reduce the generalization performance of learners. To address this issue, we propose a novel model named Domain Adaptation Exemplar Support Vector Machines (DAESVMs) based on exemplar support vector machines (exemplar-SVMs). Our approach aims to address the problems of sample selection bias and domain adaptation simultaneously. Comparing with usual domain adaptation problems, we go a step further in slacking the assumption of i.i.d. First, we formulate the DAESVMs training classifiers with reducing Maximum Mean Discrepancy (MMD) among domains by mapping data into a latent space and preserving properties of original data, and then, we integrate classifiers to make a prediction for target domain instances. Our experiments were conducted on Office and Caltech10 datasets and verify the effectiveness of the model we proposed.
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47

Wang, Ximei, Liang Li, Weirui Ye, Mingsheng Long e Jianmin Wang. "Transferable Attention for Domain Adaptation". Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 33 (17 luglio 2019): 5345–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v33i01.33015345.

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Recent work in domain adaptation bridges different domains by adversarially learning a domain-invariant representation that cannot be distinguished by a domain discriminator. Existing methods of adversarial domain adaptation mainly align the global images across the source and target domains. However, it is obvious that not all regions of an image are transferable, while forcefully aligning the untransferable regions may lead to negative transfer. Furthermore, some of the images are significantly dissimilar across domains, resulting in weak image-level transferability. To this end, we present Transferable Attention for Domain Adaptation (TADA), focusing our adaptation model on transferable regions or images. We implement two types of complementary transferable attention: transferable local attention generated by multiple region-level domain discriminators to highlight transferable regions, and transferable global attention generated by single image-level domain discriminator to highlight transferable images. Extensive experiments validate that our proposed models exceed state of the art results on standard domain adaptation datasets.
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48

Zhou, Chaoyang, Zengmao Wang, Bo Du e Yong Luo. "Cycle Self-Refinement for Multi-Source Domain Adaptation". Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 38, n. 15 (24 marzo 2024): 17096–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v38i15.29654.

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Multi-source domain adaptation (MSDA) aims to transfer knowledge from multiple source domains to the unlabeled target domain. In this paper, we propose a cycle self-refinement domain adaptation method, which progressively attempts to learn the dominant transferable knowledge in each source domain in a cycle manner. Specifically, several source-specific networks and a domain-ensemble network are adopted in the proposed method. The source-specific networks are adopted to provide the dominant transferable knowledge in each source domain for instance-level ensemble on predictions of the samples in target domain. Then these samples with high-confidence ensemble predictions are adopted to refine the domain-ensemble network. Meanwhile, to guide each source-specific network to learn more dominant transferable knowledge, we force the features of the target domain from the domain-ensemble network and the features of each source domain from the corresponding source-specific network to be aligned with their predictions from the corresponding networks. Thus the adaptation ability of source-specific networks and the domain-ensemble network can be improved progressively. Extensive experiments on Office-31, Office-Home and DomainNet show that the proposed method outperforms the state-of-the-art methods for most tasks.
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49

Kennedy, Matthew J., e Cyril Hanus. "Architecture and Dynamics of the Neuronal Secretory Network". Annual Review of Cell and Developmental Biology 35, n. 1 (6 ottobre 2019): 543–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-cellbio-100818-125418.

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Abstract (sommario):
Regulated synthesis and movement of proteins between cellular organelles are central to diverse forms of biological adaptation and plasticity. In neurons, the repertoire of channel, receptor, and adhesion proteins displayed on the cell surface directly impacts cellular development, morphology, excitability, and synapse function. The immensity of the neuronal surface membrane and its division into distinct functional domains present a challenging landscape over which proteins must navigate to reach their appropriate functional domains. This problem becomes more complex considering that neuronal protein synthesis is continuously refined in space and time by neural activity. Here we review our current understanding of how integral membrane and secreted proteins important for neuronal function travel from their sites of synthesis to their functional destinations. We discuss how unique adaptations to the function and distribution of neuronal secretory organelles may facilitate local protein trafficking at remote sites in neuronal dendrites to support diverse forms of synaptic plasticity.
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50

Kim, Geunsik, Seoyong Kim e Eunjung Hwang. "Searching for Evidence-Based Public Policy and Practice: Analysis of the Determinants of Personal/Public Adaptation and Mitigation Behavior against Particulate Matter by Focusing on the Roles of Risk Perception, Communication, and Attribution Factors". International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, n. 2 (7 gennaio 2021): 428. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18020428.

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Abstract (sommario):
In recent years, awareness about the risk of particulate matter (PM) has increased both domestically and internationally; consequently, various policies have been implemented to reduce PM. Since citizens are both victim and cause of this risk, PM cannot be successfully decreased only through government policies. Therefore, citizens’ active participation is required to reduce PM and prevent its risks. However, a theoretical model about public behavior against PM has not been established. Therefore, we suggest the public behavior model about individuals’ response against PM, in which response actions are classified into four types based on the combinations of the public-personal domains and mitigation-adaptation actions: Personal or public adaptations, and personal or public mitigations. We analyze how risk perception, risk communication, blame attribution factors influence the four types of responses against PM. The analysis results reveal that the receiver’s ability, negative emotion, trust in government, and age influence personal mitigation behavior, personal adaptation, public mitigation, and public adaptation, respectively. As this study demonstrates the differences in the factors influencing each type of response actions against PM, evidence-based policy is needed that considers the differences in these influencing factors.
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