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Zieliński, Grzegorz, Anna Matysik-Woźniak, Beata Pająk, Michał Ginszt, Robert Rejdak e Piotr Gawda. "Study protocol: Accommodative effects on the musculoskeletal system". PLOS ONE 18, n. 7 (28 luglio 2023): e0289347. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0289347.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Accommodation is a phenomenon of the eyeball, which consists of adapting to view objects at different distances. The main aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of accommodations on the musculoskeletal system in myopic and emmetropic subjects. To date, the effect of accommodative paralysis on the musculoskeletal system has not been studied. The research hypothesis based on the current research reports is that accommodation affects the musculoskeletal system in myopic and emmetropic subjects. A smaller aim of the study is to evaluate the effect of unilateral accommodative palsy on the musculoskeletal system in myopic and emmetropic subjects. According to the authors of the previous reports, unilateral accommodative palsy will affect increased musculoskeletal asymmetry in myopic and emmetropic subjects. The surface electromyography (sEMG) of the musculoskeletal system will be performed by using the Noraxon Ultium DTS 8-K MR 3 myo Muscle Master Edition. Cycloftyal (10 mg/ml, eye drops, solution) will be used to paralyze accommodation. After the paralysis of unilateral accommodation, the test will be repeated. Both-sided accommodation will be paralyzed next, and the test will be repeated. The study may provide insight into the effects of accommodation on the musculoskeletal system, and it may also help in understanding the connections between these systems.
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Pisko, Stephanie. "Towards Reasonable: The Rise of State Pregnancy Accommodation Laws". Michigan Journal of Gender & Law, n. 23.1 (2016): 147. http://dx.doi.org/10.36641/mjgl.23.1.towards.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
In light of the recent Supreme Court decision Young v. UPS, pregnancy accommodation in the workplace is once again at the forefront of employment law. Pregnancy is not considered a disability under the ADA, nor is it within the scope of Title VII protections, but states are passing their own pregnancy accommodation laws. These laws will affect employers and employees alike, but exactly how is uncertain. Perhaps the most natural (and obvious) result of the explosion of state pregnancy accommodation laws will be a federal law, or an amendment to the ADA categorizing pregnancy as a disability. But there are reasons that the seemingly minimal accommodations for pregnant workers have not been met with overwhelming support. Some fear the increased cost to employers. Others fear the stigma of equating pregnancy with a disability. Nevertheless, employers will have to grapple with increased state protections supplementing the already-existing scheme of Title VII. Young adds another complication by lessening the burden to prove an employer’s duty to accommodate. For multinational corporations, tailoring their pregnancy policies to each state might prove costlier than uniformly implementing the plan of the most generous state. Employers are already accommodating disabled employees in the same manner. And these accommodations are by definition “reasonable.” Employers might not only avoid needless liability by providing accommodations to pregnant workers—even when not required—but might also gain numerous benefits, such as: increased morale; lower attrition rates; more productive workers; and better reputations. Accommodating pregnant workers seems uncontroversial, but every federal bill introduced to do so has been strongly opposed and stopped. States may now be leading the way and, ultimately, pregnancy accommodation laws will create positive benefits for women.
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Means, Carol D., Shirley L. Stewart e Denetta L. Dowler. "Job Accommodations that Work: A Follow-up Study of Adults with Attention Deficit Disorder". Journal of Applied Rehabilitation Counseling 28, n. 3 (1 settembre 1997): 13–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/0047-2220.28.3.13.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This article discusses job accommodations as they relate to persons with Attention Deficit Disorder. The Job Accommodation Network database was searched and past callers were contacted regarding the job accommodations that were suggested by a Job Accommodation Network Consultant. Appropriate accommodations, employment history, cost of job accommodations, time for implementation, effectiveness of accommodations, and satisfaction with the accommodation were examined and discussed.
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Li, Jin, Qi Chen, Zhibo Lin, Lin Leng, Fang Huang e Ding Chen. "The Predictability of Preoperative Pilocarpine-Induced Lens Shift on the Outcomes of Accommodating Intraocular Lenses Implanted in Senile Cataract Patients". Journal of Ophthalmology 2016 (2016): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/6127130.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Purpose. To evaluate the predictability of lens shift induced by pilocarpine (LSPilo) on the outcomes of accommodating intraocular lens (Acc-IOL) implantation.Methods. Twenty-four eyes of 24 senile cataract patients who underwent phacoemulsification and Acc-IOL implantation were enrolled.LSPilowas evaluated with anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT). At 3 months postoperatively, the best corrected distance visual acuities (BCDVA), distance-corrected near visual acuities (DCNVA), and subjective and objective accommodations were measured. IOL shifts under accommodation stimulus (IOLSAcc) were evaluated with AS-OCT.Results. The meanLSPilowas 112.29 ± 30.72 µm.LSPilowas not associated with any preoperative parameters. The meanIOLSAccwas 130.46 ± 42.71 µm. The mean subjective and objective accommodation were 1.54 ± 0.39 D and 1.27 ± 0.41 D, respectively. The mean postoperative BCDVA and DCNVA (log MAR value) were 0.22 ± 0.11 and 0.24 ± 0.12, respectively.LSPilopositively correlated withIOLSAcc(r=0.541;P=0.006), subjective accommodation (r=0.412;P=0.022), and objective accommodation (r=0.466;P=0.045), respectively.Conclusion.LSPilois an independent preoperative parameter associated with the postoperative Acc-IOL mobility and pseudophakic accommodation. It may offer valuable information for ophthalmologists in determining the suitable candidates for Acc-IOL implantation.
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Makhova, M. V. "Analysis of the therapeutic effect of Midrimax® on accommodation overstrain in patients with orthokeratological correction". Russian Ophthalmological Journal 15, n. 1 (25 marzo 2022): 25–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.21516/2072-0076-2022-15-1-25-31.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Purpose: a year-long study of the accommodative function of the eye in patients with orthokeratologic (OK) correction, and the analysis of the therapeutic effect of the drug Midrimax® on accommodation overstrain in patients with OK lenses.Material and methods. The study group included 88 patients (176 eyes) with progressive myopia and OK lenses. The control group included 108 patients (216 eyes) who had optical correction with monofocal glasses and soft contact lenses. During the year, the accommodative function of patients of these two groups was studied using a Speedy-I Accommodograph that involved the calculation of accommodative coefficients: the coefficient of accommodative response and the coefficient of accommodative microfluctuations (CMF). The accommodographic examination in the study group was conducted before wearing OK lenses, after 1 month, 6 months and a year of wearing OK lenses. In the control group, the study of accommodation was carried out after 6 and 12 months. To assess the nature of the effect of Mydrimax® on accommodation overstrain, 70 children (140 eyes) with OK correction and varying degrees of accommodation overstrain were examined. A control group and a study group of 35 people (70 eyes) each were formed. In the study group, Mydrimax® was instilled daily before going to bed, 2 drops in each eye for 30 days. The study of accommodation on the Speedy-i accommodograph was conducted before treatment and after 30 days of treatment.Results. Before wearing OK lenses, 50.5 % had normal accommodative function, 33 % revealed lack of accommodation and only 16.5 % had various degrees of accommodation overstrain. After 6 months of using OK lenses, the accommodation pattern changed: 33.5 % of patients retained normal accommodation function, in 15.5 % of cases accommodation insufficiency decreased, but the number of patients (51.0 %) with accommodation overstrain of varying degrees increased. During the next 6 months of wearing OK lenses, the state of accommodation practically did not change: 39.5 % retained normal accommodative function, 10.5 % had insufficient accommodation and 49.5 % accommodation overstrain. The course of treatment with Mydrimax® for 30 days in patients with OK correction was effective at any degree of accommodation overstrain.Conclusion. The use of OK lenses stimulates accommodation by reducing the number of patients with accommodation insufficiency and increasing the number of patients with accommodation overstrain. The use of Mydrimax® for a course of 30 days is effective in patients with OK correction at any degree of accommodation overstrain.
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Saidun, Salilah, Elmira Akhmetova e Amilah Awang Abd Rahman. "Religious Accommodation for Muslim Workers and Patients in Healthcare". ICR Journal 10, n. 2 (15 dicembre 2019): 242–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.52282/icr.v10i2.45.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
As the followers of a comprehensive religion that regulates all spheres of human life, it is common for practising Muslims to require certain religious accommodations at their workplaces or during any clinical encounter. This paper aims to identify the factors that facilitate the provision of religious accommodation in healthcare for both Muslim healthcare workers and patients, by specifically examining three issues: provision of halal food, prayer facilities, and Muslim-friendly dress codes. In this qualitative study, document analysis and secondary data analysis are conducted. Thematic analysis is conducted to identify the factors which influence religious accommodation in healthcare. The findings illustrate that the prospect of accommodating religious needs does not merely depend on the religion of the majority of the population, but on various factors, such as the country or the state where the healthcare institution is situated, the healthcare institution itself, the sections or departments within the healthcare institution, and the personnel who deal directly with healthcare personnel or patients requiring the religious accommodation. In addition, awareness, attitudes, rules and standards, and availability of resources also influence the provision of religious accommodation. The results suggest that individuals seeking religious accommodation at any institution ought to play a more active role in obtaining accommodation at various levels. Besides that, religious accommodation can be enhanced by improving knowledge, attitude, standards, regulations, and availability of resources in healthcare institutions.
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Tarutta, Yelena Petrovna, Natalya Alekseyevna Tarasova e Narine Vladimirovna Khodzhabekyan. "Comprehensive investigation of subjective and objective accommodation parameters in children and teenagers with myopia". Ophthalmology journal 6, n. 2 (15 giugno 2013): 3–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/ov201323-9.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The accommodation tonus, subjective and objective parameters of accommodation were examined in 130 patients aged 6–18 years (average age 11.26 ± 0.2) with various degrees of myopia. The accommodation state was determined using subjective methods (relative accommodation reserves, amplitude of accommodation) and objective methods (binocular and monocular accommodative responses, the objective relative accommodation reserves, the habitual tonus of accommodation in the open field, tonus of accommodation rest). It was revealed, that accommodation tonus measured in the virtual, open and non-oriented spaces had different values. Myopic patients showed the highest values of the tonus accommodation rest (–0.77 ± 0.03) and the lowest values (–0.17 ± 0.02) of the habitual tonus of accommodation in the open field. A synchronic decrease of subjective and objective parameters of accommodation was revealed in children and teenagers with myopia. The subjective-measured accommodation reserves showed higher values compared to objective-measured ones. A significant difference of examined parameters between fellow eyes was revealed in anisometropic myopia: the common tonus of accommodation in virtual, as well as in real space was higher in eyes with lower myopia; in eyes with higher myopia, the tonus showed negative values in both cases. The monocular accommodative response was the same in the paired eyes, the binocular accommodative response was significantly higher in eyes with higher myopia.
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Makhova, M. V., e V. V. Strakhov. "Interaction of accommodative and subjective diagnostic criteria of accommodation disorders". Russian Ophthalmological Journal 12, n. 3 (31 agosto 2019): 13–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.21516/2072-0076-2019-12-3-13-19.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Purpose: to study the relationship of accommodative (objective) and subjective criteria of different types of accommodation disorders.Material and methods. 62 patients (124 eyes) with myopic refraction, aged 10 to 18, were divided into 6 groups according to accommodation disorders types. All patients were tested objectively on a Speedy-i accommodograph, which determined the coefficient of accommodation response (CAR) and the coefficient of microfluctuations (CMF) and underwent MEM retinoscopy to determine the accommodation response. In addition, subjective methods were used to determine the amplitude of accommodation (by proximetry) and accommodation flexibility (by ±2 D flipper). Results. A rather close correlation was revealed between the accommodative and subjective evaluation criteria of ciliary muscle performance. Therefore, both the CAR and proximetry data may be used to determine accommodation amplitude. The power of accommodation response may be determined by CAR and MEM retinoscopy, while the accommodation state may be tested by CMF or accommodation flexibility.Conclusion. A statistically significant correlation between accommodative coefficients and the results of subjective tests enable the practitioners of outpatient care to use the available subjective methods of accommodation disorder diagnosis and, accordingly, determine the best suited optical correction and choose adequate methods of treatment of accommodation disorders.
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Almayeni, Meza, e Marlina Marlina. "Perceptions of Students with Disabilities on Reasonable Learning Accommodations at Universitas Negeri Padang". IJDS Indonesian Journal of Disability Studies 10, n. 2 (28 novembre 2023): 155–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.21776/ub.ijds.2023.10.02.3.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Based on the initial survey conducted, there are still obstacles faced by students with disabilities to get proper accommodation in learning at Padang State University (UNP). These accommodations are in the form of model accommodations, media, and learning evaluation accommodations. This study was conducted with the aim of knowing the perceptions of students with disabilities regarding the feasibility of learning accommodations available at UNP. The research method used descriptive quantitative with 49 research subjects from 2015-2022 who came from different study programs and types of disabilities. The data collection technique uses online surveys and questionnaires through the Google Form platform which is distributed on social media. The results showed that learning model accommodation was not feasible, learning media accommodation was not feasible, learning material accommodation was feasible, and learning evaluation accommodation was feasible in the perception of UNP students with disabilities.
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Fisher, S. Kay, e Kenneth J. Ciuffreda. "Accommodation and Apparent Distance". Perception 17, n. 5 (ottobre 1988): 609–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/p170609.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The ability to judge egocentric distance was assessed in sixteen normal observers under conditions where monocular blur-driven accommodation provided the only source of information regarding changes in target dioptric distance. Accommodation and apparent distance were measured over an optical range of 2 to 6 D for each of three targets which differed in their effectiveness as accommodative stimuli (excellent, moderate, and poor). For the excellent and moderate accommodative targets, apparent distance decreased as accommodation increased, with both targets sharing a common linear function. Apparent distance, however, tended to exceed accommodative distance and was relatively compressed in scale. As expected, accommodative response and apparent distance diminished in range as target effectiveness was reduced. The poor accommodative target represented the limiting case wherein accommodation failed to deviate from the tonic level, and apparent distance remained constant. There were considerable intersubject differences in the ability to judge distances on the basis of accommodation. The results indicate that accommodation can indeed serve as a source of distance information, particularly for some individuals.
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Faller, Yvonne Nichole, Vanessa Peynenburg, Eric Tessier, David Thiessen e Heather D. Hadjistavropoulos. "Efficacy of an Online Workplace Mental Health Accommodations Psychoeducational Course: A Randomized Controlled Trial". International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 20, n. 7 (29 marzo 2023): 5317. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20075317.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Workplace accommodations can improve work functioning for employees with mental health concerns, yet few employees receive accommodations. The current study examined the benefits of providing education on workplace accommodations. In total, 89 participants with symptoms of depression and/or anxiety were randomized to an online psychoeducation course or wait-list control (WLC). The course provided education on symptoms, accommodations, tips for requesting accommodations and making disclosures, and coping strategies. Primary outcomes included the impact of the course on requesting and receiving accommodations, accommodation knowledge, self-stigma, and workplace relationships at 8 weeks post-randomization. Additional analyses examined the impact of the course on symptoms, absenteeism, presenteeism, and self-efficacy and whether supervisory leadership and organizational inclusivity impact disclosure and accommodation use. Participants in the course reported improvements in accommodation knowledge, self-efficacy, and presenteeism compared to the WLC. Both groups reported reduced self-stigma and increased disclosures over time. Specifically, partial disclosures were associated with supportive organizations and supervisors. No group differences were found on accommodation use, symptoms, workplace relationships, or comfort with disclosure. Few participants made accommodation requests, therefore a statistical analysis on requesting or receiving accommodations was not performed. Overall, providing psychoeducation has the potential to assist individuals with depression and anxiety who may require workplace accommodations, but further research is required.
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Myagkov, Alexander, e Pavel Karamyshev. "Revisiting the influence of accommodation and accommodation disorders on the process of development and progression of myopia (literature review)". Eye 22, n. 129 (marzo 2020): 34–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.33791/2222-4408-2020-1-34-43.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Purpose. To analyze domestic and foreign scientific publications over the past 5 years, reflecting the issues of accommodation and accommodation disorders. To assess the presence or absence of changes in the classification of accommodation disorders. To evaluate the role of various accommodation disorders in the development and progression of myopia. Relevance. Given the significant increase in the number of people with myopia in recent decades, interest in the study of accommodation and accommodation disorders has increased again. This is due not only to the fact that accommodative insufficiency (AI, weak accommodation), is considered one of the leading factors in the development of myopia, but also because the use of one or another method of myopia control affects the process of accommodation, increasing or reducing accommodation reserves, affecting the functioning of the binocular system. New developments in the field of visualization of intraocular structures (anterior segment imaging by OCT, Sheimpflug imaging, UBM) allows carry out previously impossible studies of changes in the crystalline lens, ciliary body, at different levels of accommodation response, in different age groups in vivo, which itself affects the development and testing of new concepts related to the mechanism of the accommodation. Thus, the dynamics of the changes that are taking place motivates ophthalmologists to take a fresh look at the already established concepts of the accommodation mechanism, to assess the consistency of previously adopted approaches to the classification of accommodation disorders, which in turn can affect changes in the tactics of myopia control, which is especially crucial as myopization of the population, especially in children, is accelerating every day. Our task was to evaluate domestic and foreign scientific publications over the past 5 years, reflecting the results of studies of the accommodation mechanism, assessing the influence of accommodation disorders on the progression of myopia. The task was also to assess the prospect of creating a unified classification of accommodative disturbances, the ability to create a unified algorithm for controlling progression, based on accommodation parameters. Search strategy. A review of English and Russian sources related to the study of the mechanism of accommodation was conducted; the effect of accommodation disorders on the progression of myopia and their classification was studied using the following databases: PubMed, Cyberleninka, Google scholar, Elibrary. The search depth was 5 years (2014-2019), excluding the historical sources. The sources included: - original research; - historical issue, scanned publications; - studies / descriptions of accommodation disorders and their relationship with myopia; - abstracts and full-text publications; - literary reviews; - monographies. The exclusion criteria were: - themed issues with closed or restricted access. During the process of searching and processing information, the data obtained were not systematized according to the level of reliability due to the fact that the purpose of the review is to obtain a general idea of the views on this issue, assess the presence or absence of unity in the formation of diagnostic criteria, without the task of suggesting practical recommendations. The following search queries were made to search the databases: a) English-language sources - mechanism of accommodation, accommodation AND history issue, accommodation AND Helmholtz AND Tsherning, accommodation AND myopia, accommodation AND myopia control AND myopia progression, accommodation disorders OR accommodation anomalies, accommodative excess AND accommodative infacility AND accommodative insufficiency, epidemiology myopia AND etiology myopia, near work AND myopia AND children; b) Russian-language sources - the history of the study of accommodation, the mechanism of accommodation, classification of accommodation disorders, accommodation, accommodation disorders with myopia, accommodation and the progression of myopia, weakness of accommodation, habitual excess tension of accommodation; progressive myopia, myopia control.
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Glasser, Adrian, Machelle T. Pardue, Margot E. Andison e Jacob G. Sivak. "A behavioral study of refraction, corneal curvature, and accommodation in raptor eyes". Canadian Journal of Zoology 75, n. 12 (1 dicembre 1997): 2010–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z97-834.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Since there is much speculation in the literature regarding the accommodative abilities of raptors, we undertook a behavioral study of accommodation in the five families of raptors. The resting refractive state and amplitude of accommodation were measured using infrared video photorefraction in a variety of wild-caught and captive-bred raptors. The resting corneal curvature and the extent of changes in corneal curvature during accommodation (corneal accommodation) were measured using video keratometry. External ocular and head dimensions were measured with calipers to look for correlates with accommodative amplitude. In general, all eyes examined were of high optical quality and relatively free of aberrations. No significant refractive errors were recorded in any of the birds examined (< 1.0 diopters (D)). In general, significant amplitudes of accommodation were measured in the hawks (up to 25.0 D), but little accommodation was seen in the owls. Corneal accommodation ranging from 2.8 to 6.2 D in magnitude was recorded in a number of the hawks. These differences in the accommodative behaviors of the owls and hawks are discussed with respect to the limitations of the behavioral techniques used, differences in the degree of cooperation of the different species, and real differences in the accommodative abilities of the owls and hawks in relation to their accommodative needs, such as when feeding.
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Franco, Sandra, e Jessica Gomes. "Real-Time Measurement of Ocular Wavefront Aberrations in Symptomatic Subjects". BioMed Research International 2018 (2018): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/9415751.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The purpose of this work was to study the real-time changes of the optical properties of the eye with accommodation in subjects with symptoms of accommodative disorders. From ocular aberrations, it is possible to compute several parameters like the response and lag of accommodation. The ocular aberrations were measured in 4 subjects, with different accommodative disorders, during several cycles of accommodation/disaccommodation and for different accommodative stimuli. The measurement was done continuously and in real time during different accommodative stimuli. It was possible to see the changes in accommodative response during the several stimuli of accommodation. Subjects with accommodative disorders showed different accommodative responses. The use of wavefront ocular aberrations can be a tool to diagnose accommodative disorders. In some subjects with complaints, this method showed irregularities even when the results of the usual clinical exams were normal.
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Pekerskaya, Valeria L., e Ekaterina V. Zhuravleva. "Using Stelfrine supra 2.5% for children with accommodation and refraction disabilities". Ophthalmology Journal 14, n. 2 (30 settembre 2021): 85–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/ov71393.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
AIM:To assess the effect of Stelfrin supra (phenylephrine 2.5%) on the condition of accommodation, refraction and evaluate subjective comfort in instillation and adolescents with various refractive disorders.
MATERIALS AND METHODS:Examined 45 people with mild emmetropia and hyperopia with symptoms of habitual excess tension of accommodation (15 people), with mild myopia (15 people), with moderate myopia (15 people) at the age of 7 to 16 years. Visometry, autorefractometry, assessment of the volume of absolute accommodation (positive and negative parts), subjective assessment of asthenopic complaints according to the OSDI scale were carried out before and 1 month after daily instillations of Stelfrin supra (phenylephrine 2.5%).
RESULTS:After 1 month of instillation of the Stelfrin supra, the manifestations of accommodative asthenopia in the vast majority of patients in the study groups decreased, the habitual tonus of accommodation decreased, the volume of absolute accommodation increased, most significantly its negative part. The uncorrected visual acuity increased by 31% in patients of group 1 with emmetropia and mild hyperopia with habitually excessive tension of accommodation. The uncorrected visual acuity increased by 23% in patients of group 2 with mild myopia. An increase in the margin of relative accommodation was noted in patients of groups 1 and 2. Instillation of the drug was not accompanied by severe discomfort in the vast majority of patients.
CONCLUSIONS:Stelfrin supra has shown its effectiveness in accommodating and refractive disorders in childhood and can be recommended in the treatment of children with accommodation disorders, asthenopia and mild to moderate myopia.
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Gyldenkerne, Anders, Nicolaj Aagaard, Malene Jakobsen, Carina Toftelund e Jesper Hjortdal. "Changes in accommodative function following small-incision lenticule extraction for high myopia". PLOS ONE 15, n. 12 (30 dicembre 2020): e0244602. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0244602.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Purpose To examine whether the amplitude of accommodation, the accommodative response, and the accommodative facility is affected and correlated with changes in higher-order aberrations for patients with high myopia surgically treated with small-incision lenticule extraction (SMILE). Methods 35 highly myopic eyes (myopic spherical equivalent of at least 6 diopters) of 35 patients treated with SMILE were included. Assessments were made before and 3 months after surgery. Donders push-up-method was used to measure the amplitude of accommodation. The accommodative response was assessed using an open-field autorefractor”Grand Seiko WAM-5500” (Grand Seiko Co. Ltd., Hiroshima, Japan) in combination with a Badal optometer and stimuli of accommodation at 0.0, 0.5, 1.25, 2.0, 3.0, and 4.0 D, respectively. Accommodative facility was measured at 40 cm with ±2,00D flipper lenses. All measurements of accommodation were performed monocularly with the refractive error corrected with soft contact lenses. Results The amplitude of accommodation did not change statistically significantly (mean difference -0.24 D (SD 0.98), 95% CI of mean difference -0.58 D to 0.11 D, paired-sample t(34) = -1.39; P = 0.17). The accommodative responses at 0.0, 0.5, 1.25, 2.0, 3.0, and 4.0 D did not statistically significantly change either (F(6,29) = 1.15; P = .36). Finally, the accommodative facility was also unchanged with a mean difference of 1.11 cycles per minute (SD 5.11, 95% CI of mean difference -0.64 to 2.87, paired-sample t(34) = 1.29; P = 0.21). No clinically significant associations between changes in accommodation and higher-order aberrations were found. Conclusions SMILE does not alter the amplitude of accommodation, the accommodative response, nor the accommodative facility for highly myopic patients, and the surgically induced corneal higher-order aberrations do not affect the accommodative function.
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Kaewnuch, Kanokkarn. "MANAGERIAL GUIDELINES TO INCREASE SERVICE CAPACITY IN THE TOURISM ACCOMMODATION SECTOR IN A DEVELOPING COUNTRY". Humanities & Social Sciences Reviews 7, n. 5 (28 settembre 2019): 209–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.18510/hssr.2019.7526.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
developing country, i.e., Thailand 2) to propose managerial guidelines to increase service capacity in the tourism accommodation sector in a remote area in a developing country that depends on the tourism industry for a large share of the national income.
Methodology: A questionnaire was developed and distributed to 400 tourists to explore their expectations and satisfaction level in terms of the accommodation services they have experienced in a remote area. Mean, standard deviation, T-Test and F-Test were used to analyse the collected data. In-depth interviews were conducted with managers and staff in charge of managing and providing services in the accommodation.
Main Findings: The study showed that tourists have low expectations, but high levels of satisfaction towards the five aspects of service quality in the tourism accommodation sector in a remote area.
Implications/Applications: Thus, guidelines were developed to increase service capacity for accommodations, located in a remote area in Thailand and to enhance tourists’ experience to achieve the highest satisfaction levels. Five measures are described below. First, emphasize accountability and trustworthiness. For tourists’ benefits, legal measures should be set to control and manage accommodations that cannot correctly comply with the agreements or terms and conditions of advertisements or promotions. Second, focus on responding to tourists’ demands and their curiosity, staff should always accurately serve their needs. Also, inform and provide short and clear explanations to tourists when any changes occur after finalizing agreements with the tourist. Moreover, the service procedure should be convenient, fast, and simple. Third, increase tourists’ confidence towards accommodation services and staff by pursuing the following manners: honesty, well-mannered, gentle and friendly services with service-minded attitude. Fourth, because sympathy is another key success, encourage staff to show concern, kindness, and willingness to help and treat tourists equally. Finally, highlight the tangible assets such as providing a clean and attractive environment, both inside and outside of the accommodation. Increasing the accommodation’s sense of visibility through both offline and online advertisement and media is important.
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Wolf, Mikyung Kim, Jenny C. Kao, Nichole M. Rivera e Sandy M. Chang. "Accommodation Practices for English Language Learners in States’ Mathematics Assessments". Teachers College Record: The Voice of Scholarship in Education 114, n. 3 (marzo 2012): 1–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/016146811211400301.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Background/Context Testing accommodations have been widely utilized as a way of increasing the validity of content assessments for English language learner (ELL) students. However, concerns have also arisen regarding the appropriateness of accommodation use, including the accessibility and fairness of accommodations. While many states have developed ELL-specific accommodation policies and guidelines, little research has been available on how the accommodation policies are carried out in practice. Purpose/Objective/Research Question/Focus of Study The present study investigated two states’ accommodation policies, specifically for the states’ respective large-scale Grade 8 math assessments, and conducted a case study to examine teachers’ understanding of the policies and uses. The study aimed to identify issues to consider for an appropriate use of accommodations and provide useful information for policymakers to improve their accommodation policies. Research Design The study utilized a qualitative method employing teacher surveys and interviews. The survey and interview instruments were developed based on previous literature and experts’ feedback. The interview transcripts were coded by two researchers using a systematic coding scheme. Descriptive statistics of the responses were computed to observe trends across and within districts and schools. The results were also compared between states or between ELL and math teachers when applicable. Conclusions/Recommendations Despite the limitation of the small sample in this study, the findings of the study offer practical implications for policymakers and educators in the use of accommodations for ELL students. The study found considerable variation reported by teachers with regard to the perception of accommodation decision makers, selection criteria, and the types of accommodations allowed in each state's math assessment. This variation raised serious concerns regarding the adequacy of the accommodation uses and the comparability of accommodated test results across schools. In this paper, we discussed a number of possible reasons for teachers’ reported difficulty in keeping up with state policies: (a) lack of clear guidelines in making accommodation decisions and implementing accommodations in a standardized way, (b) lack of or limited opportunities in receiving information and communicating about accommodations among decision makers and teachers, and (c) limited resources and logistical difficulties. To support an appropriate use of accommodations for teachers, we recommend that states make efforts to provide comprehensive, operationalized guidelines for ELL accommodations, monitor the use of the guidelines, and hold regular professional meetings for ELL and content teachers.
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Paul, Trevor. "Is a Website Subject to Title III of the ADA: Why the Text Applies to Only Websites “Of” a Place of Public Accommodation". Student Articles Edition 8, n. 2 (febbraio 2022): 177–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.37419/jpl.v8.i2.5.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Title III of the Americans with Disabilities Act (“ADA”) prohibits discrimination involving the “goods, services, facilities, privileges, advantages, or accommodations of any place of public accommodation.” The ADA lists examples that qualify as “public accommodations,” but it does not define the word “place.” As a result, the circuit courts since 1995 have been split over whether a “place of public accommodation” is limited to a physical place. Courts have recently addressed whether websites are subject to Title III and have relied primarily on precedent on the interpretation of a “place of public accommodation.” District courts within the Minority Approach have consistently held that a website is a “place of public accommodation.” In contrast, the Ninth and Eleventh Circuits have held that a website is not a “place of public accommodation” and thus, not subject to Title III. Oddly enough, no court has held that a website is a “service,” “privilege,” or “advantage” of a “place of public accommodation.” This Comment urges courts to subject Title III to only websites “of” a “place of public accommodation.”
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Sapkota, Kishor, Jessica Gomes e Sandra Franco. "Assessment of central and peripheral accommodative lag by aberrometry". Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2407, n. 1 (1 dicembre 2022): 012006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2407/1/012006.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Abstract Accommodation lag is important factor for normal vision. Higher lag of accommodation may cause various ocular symptoms particularly during near tasks. In this study, the lag of accommodation was assessed in the peripheral retina and it was compared with the central accommodative lag with aberrometer. In this cross-sectional study, fifty-three young subjects with normal visual acuity and without any active ocular disease or past ocular surgery were included. Aberrations in the central and peripheral field of view up to 30° off axis from the centre in horizontal and vertical meridian in 10° steps were measured with Hartmann-Shack aberrometer with stimulation of accommodation by -2.50D lens. Accommodative stimulus and accommodative response were calculated with defocus and hence accommodative lag was obtained. Accommodative lag in the centre and periphery was compared. Repeated measure of ANOVA showed that there were significant differences in lag of accommodation in various eccentricities (F(8.912, 454.514) = 2.372, p = 0.013). Pairwise test showed that lag in the centre was similar with lag on other peripheral field of view (p > 0.05). However, accommodative lag at 10° nasal field was significantly lower than the lag at 20° temporal, 20° nasal, 30° temporaland 30° nasal (p < 0.05). Similarly, lag at 10° superior fixation was lower than lag at 20° temporal, 20° nasal, 30° temporal and 30° nasal fixations (p < 0.05). We found higher lag of accommodation in horizontal off-axis fixations in comparison to that of vertical off-axis fixations (p < 0.05). Lag of accommodation was positive correlated with vertical coma and primary spherical aberrations but negative correlated with secondary spherical aberrations (p < 0.05). Thus, Hartmann-Shack aberrometer was successfully used to assess accommodative lag in the peripheral field of view up to 60° visual field. Peripheral lag of accommodation depends up on eccentricity. Lag was found higher in horizontal off-axis fixation than at vertical fixations. Coma and spherical aberration had association with lag.
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Nannemann, Allison C. "Accommodations Knowledge and Practice for Students With Visual Impairments". Journal of Visual Impairment & Blindness 115, n. 6 (novembre 2021): 525–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0145482x211062251.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Introduction Classroom accommodations are a primary means of supporting the appropriate education for students with disabilities. Student involvement in the accommodation process is valuable. Therefore, we need to teach students to be knowledgeable and strategic regarding their accommodations. Methods Four high school students with visual impairments were taught the Student Self-Accommodation Strategy (SSA). A comparative case studies approach within a sequential explanatory design was used to investigate their accommodations knowledge and practices. Results Participants improved or maintained accommodations knowledge. Their most-used types of accommodations were access accommodations and accommodations for content support. Three of the participants increased advocacy after strategy instruction. The participants’ accommodation practices were influenced by emotional-behavioral regulation, independence, and teacher involvement. Discussion Findings from this study relate to existing literature on accommodations support, teacher involvement in the accommodations process, instruction in accommodations advocacy, and the relationship between accommodations and emotional-behavioral dysregulation. Implications Findings emphasize the need to be explicit about the accommodations available to students with visual impairments and the need for strategy instruction in the SSA to address emotional-behavioral dysregulation.
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Stokkermans, Thomas J., Jeremy C. Reitinger, George Tye, Chiu-Yen Kao, Sangeetha Ragupathy, Huachun A. Wang e Carol B. Toris. "Accommodative Exercises to Lower Intraocular Pressure". Journal of Ophthalmology 2020 (18 dicembre 2020): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/6613066.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Purpose. This study investigated how a conscious change in ocular accommodation affects intraocular pressure (IOP) and ocular biometrics in healthy adult volunteers of different ages. Methods. Thirty-five healthy volunteers without ocular disease or past ocular surgery, and with refractive error between −3.50 and +2.50 diopters, were stratified into 20, 40, and 60 year old (y.o.) age groups. Baseline measurements of central cornea thickness, anterior chamber depth, anterior chamber angle, cornea diameter, pupil size, and ciliary muscle thickness were made by autorefraction and optical coherence tomography (OCT), while IOP was measured by pneumotonometry. Each subject’s right eye focused on a target 40 cm away. Three different tests were performed in random order: (1) 10 minutes of nonaccommodation (gazing at the target through lenses that allowed clear vision without accommodating), (2) 10 minutes of accommodation (addition of a minus 3 diopter lens), and (3) 10 minutes of alternating between accommodation and nonaccommodation (1-minute intervals). IOP was measured immediately after each test. A 20-minute rest period was provided between tests. Data from 31 subjects were included in the study. ANOVA and paired t-tests were used for statistical analyses. Results. Following alternating accommodation, IOP decreased by 0.7 mmHg in the right eye when all age groups were combined ( p = 0.029). Accommodation or nonaccommodation alone did not decrease IOP. Compared to the 20 y.o. group, the 60 y.o. group had a thicker ciliary muscle within 75 μm of the scleral spur, a thinner ciliary muscle at 125–300 μm from the scleral spur, narrower anterior chamber angles, shallower anterior chambers, and smaller pupils during accommodation and nonaccommodation ( p ’s < 0.01). Conclusion. Alternating accommodation, but not constant accommodation, significantly decreased IOP. This effect was not lost with aging despite physical changes to the aging eye. A greater accommodative workload and/or longer test period may improve the effect.
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Williams-Whitt, Kelly. "Impediments to Disability Accommodation". Articles 62, n. 3 (28 settembre 2007): 405–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/016487ar.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The results of a qualitative field investigation exploring how tripartite relationships affect disability accommodations are reported. Arbitration cases, in-depth interviews and other documentation are analyzed using grounded theory techniques. Four key categories emerge as contributors to difficult accommodations. The first category suggests that managerial reluctance and bias may stem from added workload or from questions about disability credibility. It further demonstrates how trust issues spill over to affect future accommodations. The second category, employee involvement, indicates that excluding the disabled employee from accommodation planning occurs frequently and has a negative affect on communication patterns, again damaging trust. The third category, ineffective investigation, highlights the difficulty managers have balancing confidentiality requirements: over-investigating illness legitimacy and under-investigating accommodation options. The final category, union-management climate, looks at union roles in accommodation and suggests that while unions often play a unique and positive role, substantial union-management animosity taints return-to-work efforts.
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Gomes, Jessica, Kishor Sapkota e Sandra Franco. "Spherical Aberration and Accommodative Insufficiency: Is There a Link?" Photonics 10, n. 4 (14 aprile 2023): 452. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/photonics10040452.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Given the relationship between spherical aberrations and accommodation, the study of these aberrations can be helpful to understand accommodative response in subjects with accommodative dysfunctions. The purpose of this study was to evaluate on-axis and off-axis changes of primary and secondary spherical aberrations, Z(4,0) and Z(6,0), with accommodation in subjects with accommodative insufficiency (AI). Ten subjects with AI and eleven without any accommodative dysfunction (control) participated in this study. On-axis defocus Z(2,0), Z(4,0), and Z(6,0) were obtained in both groups with a Hartmann–Shack aberrometer for the unaccommodated state and with 1.00 D, 2.44 D, 3.83 D, and 4.73 D of accommodative stimuli. Z(4,0) and Z(6,0) were also measured on 11.5° and 23° temporal, nasal, superior, and inferior retinal areas for unaccommodated state and for 2.44 D of accommodative stimulus. In the control group, Z(4,0) became more negative with accommodation and Z(6,0) became more positive, as was expected according to previous studies. This tendency was not observed in the group of subjects with AI group for Z(4,0) or for Z(6,0). No differences on off-axis Z(4,0) and Z(6,0) were observed between the groups. The changes of spherical aberrations with accommodation seem different in subjects with AI compared to those without any accommodative dysfunction. Those with AI do not present a decrease in Z(4,0) and an increase in Z(6,0) with accommodation as occurs in eyes without this type of dysfunction. Understanding how the optics of the eye changes with accommodation can be helpful to understand the origin of accommodative dysfunctions.
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Ademakinwa, Olasunmbo Olajumoke, Akintunde Onamade, Bamidele Onamade, Olufunmilola Adenubi e Oluwole Alagbe. "IMPACT OF ACCOMMODATION ON JOB PERFORMANCE AT CALEB UNIVERSITY, IMOTA-LAGOS STATE, NIGERIA." Caleb International Journal of Development Studies 07, n. 01 (24 giugno 2024): 203–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.26772/cijds-2024-07-01-013.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Every employer is saddled with performance expectations from all employees while all employees desire job satisfaction for maximum productivity. Several factors have been known to affect staff performance. They are rewards, accommodation, promotion opportunities, work conditions, workgroup and interpersonal relationships, leadership styles and performance appraisal in various organizations, etc. This study aims to examine the impact of the accommodation on the staff performance at Caleb University, Imota, Lagos with a view to suggesting possible means of resolving them. Well-structured questionnaires were administered to randomly sampled 95 staff of Caleb University, Imota comprising 48.4% academic staff, 50.5% non-academic staff and 1.1% others. Results showed that (69)72.6% of the staff do not have accommodation on campus while (26)27.4% have accommodation on campus. Also, there is a significant correlation relationship of .559 between the comfort of accommodations and staff performance which is greater than .05, and there is a significant difference of .420 between the quality of accommodations and staff performance. Therefore, this study concludes that attention and priority should be given to staff accommodation and the quality of accommodation for excellent staff job performance in the study area. Keywords: Accommodation, Caleb University, Housing, Job Performance, Productivity.
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PALLIKARIS, IG. "Accommodative IOL' s and Pseudo Accommodation". Acta Ophthalmologica 89, s248 (settembre 2011): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1755-3768.2011.4331.x.
Testo completo
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De-Hita-Cantalejo, Concepción, María-de-los-Ángeles Benítez-Rodríguez, María Carmen Sánchez-González, María-José Bautista-Llamas e José-María Sánchez-González. "Accommodation Response Variations in University Students under High Demand for Near-Vision Activity". Life 12, n. 11 (9 novembre 2022): 1837. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/life12111837.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The objective of this study was to investigate accommodation changes and visual discomfort in a university student population after a period of high demand for near-vision activity. A total of 50 university students aged between 20 and 22 years were recruited. The tests performed involved positive relative accommodation (PRA), negative relative accommodation (NRA), accommodation amplitude (AA), and monocular and binocular accommodative facility (MAF and BAF). Visual discomfort was measured on a scale involving a visual discomfort questionnaire (VDQ). All accommodative variables underwent changes during the exam period; specifically, regarding NRA and PRA, 30.4% and 15.1% of the studied population, respectively, appeared to be below average. Moreover, 42.3% of the population exhibited values below average in the second measure of AA. On the other hand, a small percentage of the population was below average in MAF and BAF measurements: 3% in the monocular right eye test, 6% in the left eye test, and 9.1% in the binocular facility test. Finally, the VDQ score did not reveal a statistically significant difference between the two measurements. Prolonged near-distance work, such as a university exams period, changed all accommodation systems (amplitude of accommodation, relative accommodation, and accommodation facility). These changes influence an accommodation excess that results in blurred vision, headache, and problems with focusing.
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Gallois, Cindy, Peta Ashworth, Joan Leach e Kieren Moffat. "The Language of Science and Social Licence to Operate". Journal of Language and Social Psychology 36, n. 1 (20 agosto 2016): 45–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0261927x16663254.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Social licence to operate (SLO) is an informal agreement that infers ongoing acceptance of an industrial or energy project by a local community and the stakeholders affected by it. Negotiation of SLOs centrally implicates language and communication, including scientific language and concepts. We first review the literature about the definition and communicative features of SLOs, and their relation to scientific communication. We describe communication accommodation theory and the ways that it can help understand (un)successful SLO negotiation, and describe examples of texts that show accommodative or nonaccommodative language around SLOs. We summarize some results which help indicate different ways of accommodating communities in the negotiation of SLOs. Finally, we describe a research agenda on communication accommodation and SLOs, in the service of improving their impact on energy, the environment, and the transfer of science.
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Mi, Zhe, Jinfang Zhang e Jun Liu. "The Measures Contribution Researches on Renewable Energy Accommodation Based on Production Simulation". E3S Web of Conferences 38 (2018): 01022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20183801022.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This paper presents the impacts of load, source and grid factors on renewable energy accommodation in the northern region of China. Renewable energy curtailment reasons and key measures to improve accommodations are also discussed. The production simulation method is utilized to analysis renewable energy accommodation and the Shapely value method is introduced to calculate the accommodation contribution rate of different factors. The result shows that the amount of renewable energy accommodation is 389 TWh in northern region of China by the year 2020. The contribution rate of load, source and grid factors to renewable energy accommodation are 39%, 35.8% and 25.1%, respectively.
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Göbel, Alexander, e Florian Schwarz. "Comparing Global and Local Accommodation: Rating and Response Time Data". Experiments in Linguistic Meaning 2 (27 gennaio 2023): 95. http://dx.doi.org/10.3765/elm.2.5400.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This paper addresses the question to what extent global and local accommodation should be viewed as sharing the same underlying mechanism or whether they are distinct processes that only happen to share the same label. We present offline rating data and response times from a mouse-tracking experiment that directly compared global and local accommodation for five different triggers. The results show that globally accommodating a presupposition led to a larger decrease in acceptance than locally accommodating, and that response times for local accommodation were overall faster. While we take the results to be inconclusive with regard to the question about the underlying mechanism, we conjecture that the contexts tested here were more favorable for local accommodation, and that hence investigating how different contexts affect the relative ease of accommodation type is a promising avenue for future research.
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Ahmad Najmee, Nur Aresya, Saiful Azlan Rosli e Syazwina Batrisya Jalaludin. "The Accommodation Response and Facility between Children and Young Adults". Environment-Behaviour Proceedings Journal 5, n. 14 (1 luglio 2020): 111–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.21834/ebpj.v5i14.2168.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Tonic accommodation decreased with age among children. In young adults, late-onset myopia will develop due to occupational near vision demands. This study aims to investigate the accommodation response and facility between children and young adults, in emmetrope (non-myopic) and myope group. The accommodation response and facility of young adults and children were measured using monocular estimation method (MEM), monocular accommodative facility (MAF) and binocular accommodative facility (BAF) with an exposure of near task for 15 minutes. Near task has significantly increased the lag of accommodation in all groups (p<0.05). However, the accommodation facility was not affected by near work in all groups (p>0.05). Keywords: accommodation response, accommodation facility, myopes, emmetropes. eISSN: 2398-4287© 2020. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BYNC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/ebpj.v5i14.2168
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Jitendra, Yadav, De Tapas Kumar, Sah Sanjay Kumar e Anyam Sandip Das. "Changes in anterior segment parameters of normal subjects during accommodation using a Scheimpflug imaging system". Medical Hypothesis, Discovery & Innovation in Optometry 1, n. 3 (22 marzo 2021): 124–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.51329/mehdioptometry117.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Background: Accommodation changes ocular parameters, such as the anterior chamber volume (ACV), anterior chamber depth (ACD), anterior chamber angle (ACA), and pupil diameter (PD), which can reflect a risk of angle-closure glaucoma. Previous studies of changes in ocular anterior segment parameters, have used high diopters or maximum amplitude. Here, we focused on normal accommodation at a reading distance of 30‒40 cm. The aim of this study was to assess changes in anterior segment parameters during a normal accommodative state, using a Scheimpflug imaging system.
Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 40 emmetrope subjects (mean ± SD of age: 22 ± 4.0 years) who met the inclusion criteria and provided informed consent were enrolled. Clinical history, refraction, amplitude of accommodation, slit lamp examination, Goldman applanation tonometry, and Pentacam investigations were performed on all subjects. Accommodative and non-accommodative targets were induced via the Pentacam. Two seconds were allowed for accommodation or relaxation prior to measurements in each eye.
Results: Eighty normal eyes were evaluated; a small but statistically significant change in ACV, ACA, and PD during accommodation (P < 0.01, < 0.01, and < 0.05, respectively) was observed. The ACD did not change substantially with accommodation (P = 0.29). The mean ± SD values of ACV, ACD, ACA, and PD before and after accommodation were 151.85 ± 24.04 mm3 and 145.38 ± 23.30 mm3, 2.87 ± 0.28 mm and 2.86 ± 0.27 mm, 35.06° ± 3.68° and 33.84° ± 3.72°, and 3.46 ± 0.57 mm and 3.41 ± 0.53 mm, respectively.
Conclusions: Accommodation changes ocular parameters, such as ACV, ACA, and PD, in healthy young emmetropes. Interestingly, the ACD remains unaltered during accommodation. Nevertheless, although these changes were statistically significant, they were not clinically significant in our study.
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Zhukova, O. V., A. V. Zolotarev e M. Abida. "Objective characteristics of accommodation in present-day schoolchildren with progressive myopia". Russian Ophthalmological Journal 15, n. 2 (Прил) (16 giugno 2022): 57–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.21516/2072-0076-2022-15-2-supplement-57-60.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Purpose: to study the accommodative function in contemporary schoolchildren using the method of computer accommodography.Material and methods. 74 children aged 10–16 (54 with different degrees of myopia and the control group of 20 emmetropic children) were tested on a Righton Speedy-K ver. MF-1 computer accommodograph to determine the accommodative response to accommodation stimulus (by calculating the coefficient of the accommodative response, CAR) and the contraction of ciliary muscle fibers (by determining the microfluctuation coefficient, CMF).Results. In groups of patients with emmetropia and weak myopia, CAR and CMF were found to exceed the normal values. The low myopia group demonstrated especially pronounced changes. In moderate and high myopia, the CAO is significantly lower than in low myopia or emmetropia, while the CMF also exceeds normal values.Conclusion. The spastic component of accommodation is of great importance in the pathogenesis of progressive myopia of present-day schoolchildren, which is expressed in the strengthening of the accommodation response with regard to the accommodation stimulus and pathological frequency increase of accommodative microfluctuations.
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Schrader, Sarah von, Xu Xu e Susanne M. Bruyère. "Accommodation Requests: Who Is Asking for What?" Rehabilitation Research, Policy, and Education 28, n. 4 (2014): 329–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/2168-6653.28.4.329.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Purpose:Workplace accommodations are central to improving employment outcomes for people with and without disabilities; this study presents national estimates comparing accommodation requests and receipt as reported by individuals with and without disabilities.Method:Estimates are developed from the May 2012 Current Population Survey Disability Supplement.Results:The findings highlight variability in accommodation requests by disability type and status. Accommodation request rates are also presented by occupation and industry groups.Conclusions:As employers voice concerns about the additional burden of employing individuals with disabilities under new regulatory requirements, our findings highlight that 95% of individuals requesting an accommodation were people without disabilities.
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Wright, Anna M., e Kevin R. Meyer. "Exploring the Relationship between Students with Accommodations and Instructor Self-Efficacy in Complying with Accommodations". Higher Learning Research Communications 7, n. 1 (30 giugno 2017): 65. http://dx.doi.org/10.18870/hlrc.v7i1.367.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
<p>The willingness and flexibility of university instructors to comply with and provide accommodations for students with disabilities is critical to academic success. The authors examine how communication between students needing accommodations and university instructors impacts instructor self-efficacy, or instructors’ perception that they can meet the accommodation. Specifically, the authors’ explored the relationship between student self-disclosure of a disability and instructor empathy, flexibility, and self-efficacy in meeting student accommodation needs. Results revealed that the more a student self-discloses about a needed accommodation, the more self-efficacy an instructor has in making that accommodation. For the low-disclosure condition, empathy and flexibility were both significant predictors of self-efficacy, whereas, for the high-disclosure condition, only flexibility was a significant predictor of self-efficacy. Finally, instructors’ levels of empathy and flexibility both decreased after reading both the high and low self-disclosure scenarios.</p>
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Simpson, Elisabeth B., Beth Loy e Helen P. Hartnett. "Exploring the Costs of Providing Assistive Technology as a Reasonable Accommodation". Journal of Applied Rehabilitation Counseling 48, n. 2 (1 giugno 2017): 26–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/0047-2220.48.2.26.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The provision of assistive technology (AT) as an accommodation is often associated with a cost. Employer concerns about the cost of providing AT can be a barrier for individuals with disabilities (IWD) who are seeking employment. Rehabilitation counselors & students should be prepared to address employer concerns regarding the cost of an accommodation in order to facilitate successful job placement and/or retention of IWD. This study evaluated the average cost of providing AT in the workplace compared to the average cost of providing other types of accommodations, as reported to the Job Accommodation Network (JAN) by employers. Results of this study show that there is no significant difference in the cost of providing AT in comparison to the cost of providing other types of accommodations (N=72). Rehabilitation professionals can use this information when exploring strategies for negotiating for the use of assistive technology by consumers as an accommodation.
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Dong, Shengli, e Amy R. Guerette. "Workplace Accommodations, Job Performance and Job Satisfaction Among Individuals with Sensory Disabilities". Australian Journal of Rehabilitation Counselling 19, n. 1 (28 maggio 2013): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jrc.2013.1.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This study examined differences between requesters and non-requesters of workplace accommodations in their self-reported job performance and job satisfaction. Participants were 194 individuals with visual and hearing disabilities (females = 67.5%, visual = 53.2%) receiving rehabilitation and related services in the US. They completed a survey on their self-reported accommodation requests, job satisfaction and work performance. Chi square and ANOVA tests were used to compare and contrast the differences. Findings suggest participants with requested accommodations have higher levels on job performance and job satisfaction than non-requesters. Individuals who were more likely to request accommodations were associated with higher educational background, moderate disability severity and higher levels of workplace supports from employers and coworkers. They reported higher knowledge levels on Americans with Disabilities Act and accommodation procedures, and higher outcome expectations and self-efficacies in requesting accommodations. Requesting workplace accommodations is an interactive and multifaceted process that involves various biopsychosocial factors. Rehabilitation professionals should help individuals with sensory disabilities from biopsychosoical perspectives to enhance job accommodation and job satisfaction.
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HERTE, Elena, e Alina BADULESCU. "RESEARCH ON THE DISTRIBUTION OF AIRBNB ACCOMMODATION IN MAJOR EUROPEAN DESTINATIONS". ANNALS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF ORADEA. ECONOMIC SCIENCES 32, n. 1 (luglio 2023): 154–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.47535/1991auoes32(1)011.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The Airbnb platform, one of the most popular platforms of its kind, is present worldwide, with a variety of accommodations, depending on the type of accommodation it offers (single room, whole apartment, etc.). In this article, we set out to analyse the spatial allocation of accommodation and the density of Airbnb listings in comparison with hotel establishments in Europe. For the spatial analysis of Airbnb accommodations we used data from the Inside Airbnb website and QGIS, an application used for geographic information systems (GIS) that supports visualization, editing, and analysis of geospatial data. In this way, we created a geospatial database that helped us better understand the dynamics of each location. After analysing the data we concluded that a consequence of the concentration of Airbnb accommodation is that life in these areas has become more expensive and more crowded for locals. Airbnb accommodation has caused inconvenience not only to hotel owners but also to locals. In addition, Airbnb is having a strong impact on the rental market by increasing rental prices. Another trend that can be seen from the distribution of Airbnb accommodation is that in cities with a seafront location, accommodation is located close to beaches and most accommodation is of the entire home/apartment type. Differences in the frequency of use and prices of listings highlight the geographical inequality in the benefits and impact of Airbnb’s activity. The Airbnb offer is not a uniform segment of tourist accommodation and its effects on destinations are important and should therefore be analysed in relation to the territorial context.
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Ma, Martin Ming-Leung, Mitchell Scheiman, Cuiyun Su e Xiang Chen. "Effect of Vision Therapy on Accommodation in Myopic Chinese Children". Journal of Ophthalmology 2016 (2016): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/1202469.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Introduction. We evaluated the effectiveness of office-based accommodative/vergence therapy (OBAVT) with home reinforcement to improve accommodative function in myopic children with poor accommodative response.Methods. This was a prospective unmasked pilot study. 14 Chinese myopic children aged 8 to 12 years with at least 1 D of lag of accommodation were enrolled. All subjects received 12 weeks of 60-minute office-based accommodative/vergence therapy (OBAVT) with home reinforcement. Primary outcome measure was the change in monocular lag of accommodation from baseline visit to 12-week visit measured by Shinnipon open-field autorefractor. Secondary outcome measures were the changes in accommodative amplitude and monocular accommodative facility.Results. All participants completed the study. The lag of accommodation at baseline visit was 1.29 ± 0.21 D and it was reduced to 0.84 ± 0.19 D at 12-week visit. This difference (−0.46 ± 0.22 D; 95% confidence interval: −0.33 to −0.58 D) is statistically significant (p<0.0001). OBAVT also increased the amplitude and facility by 3.66 ± 3.36 D (p=0.0013; 95% confidence interval: 1.72 to 5.60 D) and 10.9 ± 4.8 cpm (p<0.0001; 95% confidence interval: 8.1 to 13.6 cpm), respectively.Conclusion. Standardized 12 weeks of OBAVT with home reinforcement is able to significantly reduce monocular lag of accommodation and increase monocular accommodative amplitude and facility. A randomized clinical trial designed to investigate the effect of vision therapy on myopia progression is warranted.
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Holovatenko, Tetiana. "The Practice of Accommodating Students in American Higher Education Institutions". Educological discourse 44, n. 1 (2024): 112–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.28925/2312-5829.2024.18.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The article explores the provision of accommodations in the process of learning academic courses in higher education institutions (hereinafter - HEIs) using a comparative approach. The relevance of the study is due to a number of contradictions between the growing demands of society to take into account the individual characteristics of students in the context of the war in Ukraine and the limitation of such accommodations in HEIs by didactic approaches; the strategy of individualization of the educational process defined at the legislative level and the lack of units in HEIs responsible for ensuring equal access to education for students; the need to study foreign experience in training students in HEIs and the state of development of the topic. The purpose of the study is to conduct a comprehensive analysis of the system of providing accommodations in the study of academic courses in US HEIs and to outline ways to implement the American experience in Ukraine. The research methodology is based on the qualitative comparative research methodology. The research data was obtained by analyzing empirical data collected from pedagogical observation, analysis, synthesis and generalization of data. The study sample included 11 US HEIs that accommodate students by provising Letters of Accommodation. The results of the study identify ways to implement such accommodations, describe the departments responsible for creating conditions for equal access to education and accommodation, define eligibility criteria, describe the procedure for obtaining accommodation for academic courses, and ways faculty implement the accommodation recommendation. It is found that the three main ways to implement accommodations are the introduction of universal design into the development of course materials and class activities, changes in the physical space of the classroom and classroom management, and the use of didactic ways to ensure accommodations. The prospects for implementing the American experience in Ukraine are the establishment of departments that would deal with issues of equal access to education and provide recommendations on accommodation for students; the introduction of screening and diagnostic procedures in higher education institutions in cooperation with relevant experts to determine the need for accommodation for students; and the introduction of universal design principles into the content of academic courses.
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Mohd Ariffin, AR, e MOHD KHAIRIL NAIM MOHAMED JAMEL. "Visitors’ Preferences on Seasonal Accommodation for the Rainforest World Music Festival". Built Environment Journal 18, n. 1 (8 febbraio 2021): 49. http://dx.doi.org/10.24191/bej.v18i1.9962.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Sarawak Cultural Village (SCV) is an award-winning open-air living museum of Sarawak has been the host to the three days annual Rainforest World Music Festival (RWMF) since 2005. Every year, thousands of visitor flock to SCV grounds to experience the rich Sarawak culture, live performances and celebrations that it offers. Due to its popularity, each year the number of visitors increases with regulars and newcomers. This has created a spike in accommodation demands for the area of Santubong. Unfortunately, the growth of visitors is not supported by adequate desired accommodations within the area. Thus, the objectives of this paper are to identify an ideal seasonal accommodation type and desired basic facilities required during RWMF. Quantitative analysis is incorporated in this research through collection of data gathered from online survey. Set of questionnaires was distributed to the former visitors seeking their views on the seasonal accommodations and facilities preferred. Based on the results of the data collected, it provided some understanding on the seasonal accommodations and facilities that are suitable for RWMF. This finding consequently could help provide a feasible and practical solution towards the spike demand for accommodation facilities during the RWMF.Keywords: Seasonal Tourism, Festival, Accommodation, Facilities
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Dong, Shengli, Madison Mullins e Ian Ostrowicz. "Factors influencing workplace accommodations requests among employees with visual impairments". Australian Journal of Rehabilitation Counselling 27, n. 2 (dicembre 2021): 90–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jrc.2021.6.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
AbstractPeople with visual impairments experience various challenges in the workplace such as under-employment, structural, and attitudinal barriers. Workplace accommodations are instrumental in assisting individuals to complete essential functions of their jobs and to increase job tenure and satisfaction. However, workplace accommodations are under-utilized. The current study examined influences of psychosocial and demographic factors on decisions to request accommodations amongst people with visual impairments. Participants included 116 people with visual impairments (e.g., female = 63.9%, Caucasian = 81%) from agencies and organizations serving people with visual impairments within United States. The results following logistic regression show that increased levels of psychosocial factors (i.e., self-efficacy in requesting accommodations and goal setting, non-personal cost related to accommodation, knowledge related to Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA), and accommodation policies and procedures) predicted participants’ decision to request accommodations. In addition, participants aged 55 or more and those with a high school degree or lower were less likely to request accommodations. Rehabilitation interventions for enhancing work participation self-efficacy in employees with visual impairment, as well as knowledge on ADA and accommodation policies and procedures, would create a more inclusive and accepting work environment for employees with visual impairment.
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Wekesa, Andrew, e Mazximila Wanzala. "Effects Of Home-Based Convergence Insufficiency Vision Therapy On Accommodation Among School Going Children". International Journal of Medical Science and Clinical invention 7, n. 06 (27 giugno 2020): 4848–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.18535/ijmsci/v7i06.05.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Effects of home-based convergence insufficiency vision therapy on accommodation among school going children
Wekesa Andrew1, Wanzala Maximilla1
1Masinde Muliro University of Science and Technology Kakamega, Kenya.
Abstract
Background: Convergence and accommodation are always yoked together and any adjustment on the former affects the later. The most effective treatment for convergence insufficiency (CI) is vision therapy.
Aim/Purpose: To determine the effects of home-based vision therapy on accommodation in school-going with CI attending the Masinde Muliro University Academic Vision Center in Kenya.
Methods: A clinical experimental design involving 23 participants with the mean age of 14±2.4 years, were recruited into the study, however, only 18 were assessed after the therapy. The study took 9 weeks thus majority lost contact while others moved out of the town. Home-based vision therapy which is undertaken at home using a pencil or broke strings. During the therapy, accommodative values were monitored which were; negative relative accommodation, positive relative accommodation, dynamic accommodation, accommodative facility and near point of accommodation. Paired t-test used to compare mean values before and after the therapy.
Results: The mean value of negative relative accommodation (NRA) before (mention what the mean values were here) and after (mention what the mean values were here) home-based therapy was statistically significant (p=0.01). However, the mean values before and after home-based therapy for the near point of accommodation (NPA), dynamic (Lag), relativity (PRA) and facility (MAF) showed no difference (p> 0.05). The mean value of the NRA before and after office-based vision therapy was statistically significant (p=0.01).
Conclusion: The use of home-based vision therapy for the patients with CI had significant effects on accommodation changing from a lower limit to average after the therapy.
Keywords: Convergence insufficiency, Accommodation, Home-based vision therapy.
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Petersen, Kristina H., Neera R. Jain, Ben Case, Sharad Jain e Lisa M. Meeks. "Impact of USMLE Step-1 accommodation denial on US medical schools: A national survey". PLOS ONE 17, n. 4 (14 aprile 2022): e0266685. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0266685.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Introduction In 2019, 4.6% of US-MD students self-identified as students with disabilities (SWD); many of these students will require accommodations on the USMLE Step-1 examination. Given the high-stakes nature of Step-1 for medical school advancement and residency match, SWD denied accommodations on Step-1 face considerable consequences. To date no study has investigated the rate of accommodation denial and its impact on medical school operations. Methods To investigate the rate of accommodation denial and evaluate whether Step-1 accommodation denial impacts medical school operations, a 10-question survey was sent to Student Affairs Deans and disability resource professionals at all fully-accredited US-MD granting programs. Two open-ended questions were analyzed using qualitative content analysis. Results Seventy-three of the 141 schools responded (52%). In the 2018–2019 academic year, 276 students from 73 schools applied for Step-1 accommodations. Of these, 144 (52%) were denied. Of those denied, 74/144 (51%) were delayed entry into the next phase of curriculum and 110/144 (76%) took the Step-1 exam unaccommodated. Of the 110 who took Step-1 without accommodations, 35/110 (32%) failed the exam, and 4/110 (3%) withdrew or were dismissed following exam failure. Schools reported varied investments of time and financial support for students denied accommodations, with most schools investing less than 20 hours (67%) and less than $1,000.00 (69%). Open-responses revealed details regarding the impact of denial on schools and students including frustration with process; financial and human resources allocation; delay in student progression; lack of resourcing and expertise; and emotional and financial burdens on students. Discussion Step-1 accommodation denial has non-trivial financial, operational, and career impacts on medical schools and students alike. The cause of accommodation denial in this population requires further exploration.
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Zhang, Hongyu, e Paul D. R. Gamlin. "Neurons in the Posterior Interposed Nucleus of the Cerebellum Related to Vergence and Accommodation. I. Steady-State Characteristics". Journal of Neurophysiology 79, n. 3 (1 marzo 1998): 1255–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.1998.79.3.1255.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Zhang, Hongyu and Paul D. R. Gamlin. Neurons in the posterior interposed nucleus of the cerebellum related to vergence and accommodation. I. Steady-state characteristics. J. Neurophysiol. 79: 1255–1269, 1998. The present study used single-unit recording and electrical microstimulation techniques in alert, trained rhesus monkeys to examine the involvement of the posterior interposed nucleus (IP) of the cerebellum in vergence and accommodative eye movements. Neurons related to vergence and ocular accommodation were encountered within a circumscribed region of the IP and their activity during changes in viewing distance was characterized. The activity of these neurons increased with decreases in vergence angle and accommodation (the far-response) but none showed changes in activity during changes in conjugate eye position and we therefore term them “far-response neurons.” Far-response neurons were found within a restricted region of the IP that extended ∼1 mm rostrocaudally and mediolaterally and 2 mm dorsal to the fourth ventricle. Microstimulation of this far-response region of the IP with low currents (<30 μA) often elicited divergence and accommodation for far. The behavior of 37 IP far-response neurons was examined during normal binocular viewing, during monocular viewing (blur cue alone), and during binocular viewing with accommodation open-loop (disparity cue alone). The activity of all cells was modulated under all three conditions. However, the change in activity of some of these neurons was significantly different under these three viewing conditions. The behavior of 70 IP far-response neurons was compared during normal binocular viewing and during viewing in which the accommodative response was significantly dissociated from the vergence response. The data from these two conditions was pooled and multiple regression analyses for each neuron generated two coefficients expressing the activity of the neuron relative to the vergence and to accommodative response respectively. On the basis of these coefficients, the overall activity of the neurons were classified as follows: 34 positively correlated with divergence, 11 positively correlated with far accommodation, 14 positively correlated with divergence and far accommodation, 9 positively correlated with divergence and accommodation, and 2 positively correlated with convergence and far accommodation. The results of this study demonstrate the involvement of a specific region of the posterior interposed nucleus of the cerebellum in vergence and accommodation. IP far-response neurons are active for vergence and accommodation irrespective of whether or not these eye movements are elicited by blur or disparity cues. The data in the present study strongly suggest that this cerebellar region is a far-response region that is involved in vergence as well as accommodative eye movements.
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Wikanatha Sagita, Putu Agus, e I. Made Kusuma Negara. "PENGARUH HARGA DAN FAKTOR PSIKOLOGIS TERHADAP KEPUTUSAN PEMESANAN AKOMODASI MELALUI ONLINE TRAVEL AGENT". Jurnal IPTA 10, n. 1 (28 luglio 2022): 83. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/ipta.2022.v10.i01.p09.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This study aims to identify the effect of price and psychological factors on accommodation booking decisions through the Airbnb application. Data collection in this research was carried out by observation, interview, questionnaire and literature study techniques. The data analysis technique used is descriptive quantitative analysis and multiple linear regression analysis. The results of this study are expected to reveal whether tourists who book accommodation through Airbnb are merely motivated by the desire to get accommodation at a low price. Are psychological factors consisting of variables of motivation, perception, learning, and attitudes related to the desire of tourists to learn new things such as knowing the lives of local people also influence tourists in booking accommodation via Airbnb. The results of this study are independent variables consisting of price variables (X1), perception variables (X3), learning variables (X4), attitude variables (X5) significantly influence the dependent variable, namely the accommodation booking variable (Y). Whereas the motivation variable (X2) which is related to the trend indicator of the use of technology to book accommodations anywhere and anytime has no significant effect in booking accommodations through Airbnb's Online Travel Agent.
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Roessler, Richard T., e Gary Sumner. "Employer Opinions about Accommodating Employees with Chronic Illnesses". Journal of Applied Rehabilitation Counseling 28, n. 3 (1 settembre 1997): 29–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/0047-2220.28.3.29.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Representing larger corporations in manufacturing, financial services, and retailing, 83 business personnel responded (21% return rate) to a survey addressing chronic illness and job accommodation. Employers reported that their companies had reviewed their job descriptions and developed written accommodation policies following passage of the ADA. Favorably disposed toward a variety of accommodations, respondents expressed concerns about the costs of accommodations and whether accommodations interfered with typical work schedules. Complimentary of employees with chronic illnesses, they voiced some concerns about productivity-related issues. Some evidence of a Catch 22 appeared in that employers were concerned about productivity of employees with chronic illnesses but wary of the cost of job accommodations.
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Rowe, Dana G., Antoinette J. Charles, Emily J. Luo, Alissa M. Arango, James E. Herndon, Harrison Hockenberry, Cynthia K. Shortell, C. Rory Goodwin e Melissa M. Erickson. "Variation in Oral Board Examination Accommodations Among Specialties". JAMA Network Open 7, n. 5 (7 maggio 2024): e2410127. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.10127.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
ImportanceBoard certification can have broad implications for candidates’ career trajectories, and prior research has found sociodemographic disparities in pass rates. Barriers in the format and administration of the oral board examinations may disproportionately affect certain candidates.ObjectiveTo characterize oral certifying examination policies and practices of the 16 Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME)–accredited specialties that require oral examinations.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis cross-sectional study was conducted from March 1 to April 15, 2023, using data on oral examination practices and policies (examination format, dates, and setting; lactation accommodations; and accommodations for military deployment, family emergency, or medical leave) as well as the gender composition of the specialties’ boards of directors obtained from websites, telephone calls and email correspondence with certifying specialists. The percentages of female residents and residents of racial and ethnic backgrounds who are historically underrepresented in medicine (URM) in each specialty as of December 31, 2021, were obtained from the Graduate Medical Education 2021 to 2022 report.Main Outcome and MeasuresFor each specialty, accommodation scores were measured by a modified objective scoring system (score range: 1-13, with higher scores indicating more accommodations). Poisson regression was used to assess the association between accommodation score and the diversity of residents in that specialty, as measured by the percentages of female and URM residents. Linear regression was used to assess whether gender diversity of a specialty’s board of directors was associated with accommodation scores.ResultsIncluded in the analysis were 16 specialties with a total of 46 027 residents (26 533 males [57.6%]) and 233 members of boards of directors (152 males [65.2%]). The mean (SD) total accommodation score was 8.28 (3.79), and the median (IQR) score was 9.25 (5.00-12.00). No association was found between test accommodation score and the percentage of female or URM residents. However, for each 1-point increase in the test accommodation score, the relative risk that a resident was female was 1.05 (95% CI, 0.96-1.16), and the relative risk that an individual was a URM resident was 1.04 (95% CI, 1.00-1.07). An association was found between the percentage of female board members and the accommodation score: for each 10% increase in the percentage of board members who were female, the accommodation score increased by 1.20 points (95% CI, 0.23-2.16 points; P = .03).Conclusions and RelevanceThis cross-sectional study found considerable variability in oral board examination accommodations among ACGME-accredited specialties, highlighting opportunities for improvement and standardization. Promoting diversity in leadership bodies may lead to greater accommodations for examinees in extenuating circumstances.
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Belikova, Elena I., Denis V. Gatilov, Nikolai I. Ovechkin e Erika N. Eskina. "Modern aspects of diagnosis and treatment of subjective manifestations and accommodation disorders in patients — professional users of personal computers (systematic review)". Medical Journal of the Russian Federation 29, n. 3 (26 giugno 2023): 217–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/medjrf340800.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
A systematic review was performed in the RSCI and PubMed databases using the following keywords: Computer vision syndrome, Digital eye strain, Accommodation, Accommodative asthenopia, RTS, and Quality of life. Eligible articles were evaluated in accordance with the criteria for prospective or retrospective studies. A total of 792 sources were analyzed, further using systematic review filters and authors knowledge of the topic. The retrospective analysis spanned 7 years (20162022).
Data indicated that accommodative asthenopia (AA), as a functional visual disorder, is a natural state of the accommodative system of the eye caused by long-term exposure to visually intense work on a personal computer. AA is characterized by a wide range of subjective manifestations (complaints) and indicators of the examination of the patients vision, associated primarily with objective accommodation. A differentiated approach to the diagnosis of various forms of AA, such as habitual excessive stress of accommodation and asthenic form of accommodative asthenopia, is important to provide adequate treatment based on methods with direct physical effects on the eye (such as low-energy laser radiation, magnetophoresis, and stimulation of accommodation), opto-reflex treatment, and an outpatient course as part of home training.
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Zelentsov, Roman, Liliya Poskotinova, Alexandra Moiseeva e Alexander V. Kudryavtsev. "Prospects for Using Computer Accommodography to Predict Myopia Development in Young Adults". Life 14, n. 3 (29 febbraio 2024): 324. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/life14030324.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The diagnostic value of the computer accommodation method remains insufficiently studied. Accommodative and refractive error is a common problem, accounting for 23% of the world’s population. The aim of the study was to investigate the objective parameters of accommodative insufficiency in young people with and without myopia. A cross-sectional study was carried out using a random sample of 116 of university students at the age of 21–23 years. Normal ranges for accommodation parameters in non-myopic participants were defined by 10th and 90th percentile values. The normal ranges were from −0.17 to −0.38 conventional units (c.u.) for accommodative response coefficient (ARC), from 0.08 to 0.41 c.u. for deviation of ARC (σARC), from 0.0 to 0.43 c.u. for accommodogram growth coefficient (AGC), from 54.26 to 58.55 microfluctuations per minute (mcf/min) for coefficient of microfluctuations (CMF), and from 2.58 to 5.26 c.u. for deviation of CMF (σCMF). Signs of computer visual syndrome were observed in 40.9% of non-myopic participants, eye strain in 11.9%, accommodation cramp in 4.5%, and absence or little accommodative response in 3.6%. Therefore, computer accommodation assessment allowed the detection of young people with an increased risk of myopia among those without this ophthalmic pathology.