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Letteratura scientifica selezionata sul tema "Accommodation"

Autore: Grafiati

Pubblicato: 4 giugno 2021

Ultima modifica: 1 agosto 2024

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Articoli di riviste sul tema "Accommodation"

1

Zieliński, Grzegorz, Anna Matysik-Woźniak, Beata Pająk, Michał Ginszt, Robert Rejdak e Piotr Gawda. "Study protocol: Accommodative effects on the musculoskeletal system". PLOS ONE 18, n. 7 (28 luglio 2023): e0289347. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0289347.

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Accommodation is a phenomenon of the eyeball, which consists of adapting to view objects at different distances. The main aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of accommodations on the musculoskeletal system in myopic and emmetropic subjects. To date, the effect of accommodative paralysis on the musculoskeletal system has not been studied. The research hypothesis based on the current research reports is that accommodation affects the musculoskeletal system in myopic and emmetropic subjects. A smaller aim of the study is to evaluate the effect of unilateral accommodative palsy on the musculoskeletal system in myopic and emmetropic subjects. According to the authors of the previous reports, unilateral accommodative palsy will affect increased musculoskeletal asymmetry in myopic and emmetropic subjects. The surface electromyography (sEMG) of the musculoskeletal system will be performed by using the Noraxon Ultium DTS 8-K MR 3 myo Muscle Master Edition. Cycloftyal (10 mg/ml, eye drops, solution) will be used to paralyze accommodation. After the paralysis of unilateral accommodation, the test will be repeated. Both-sided accommodation will be paralyzed next, and the test will be repeated. The study may provide insight into the effects of accommodation on the musculoskeletal system, and it may also help in understanding the connections between these systems.

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2

Pisko, Stephanie. "Towards Reasonable: The Rise of State Pregnancy Accommodation Laws". Michigan Journal of Gender & Law, n. 23.1 (2016): 147. http://dx.doi.org/10.36641/mjgl.23.1.towards.

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In light of the recent Supreme Court decision Young v. UPS, pregnancy accommodation in the workplace is once again at the forefront of employment law. Pregnancy is not considered a disability under the ADA, nor is it within the scope of Title VII protections, but states are passing their own pregnancy accommodation laws. These laws will affect employers and employees alike, but exactly how is uncertain. Perhaps the most natural (and obvious) result of the explosion of state pregnancy accommodation laws will be a federal law, or an amendment to the ADA categorizing pregnancy as a disability. But there are reasons that the seemingly minimal accommodations for pregnant workers have not been met with overwhelming support. Some fear the increased cost to employers. Others fear the stigma of equating pregnancy with a disability. Nevertheless, employers will have to grapple with increased state protections supplementing the already-existing scheme of Title VII. Young adds another complication by lessening the burden to prove an employer’s duty to accommodate. For multinational corporations, tailoring their pregnancy policies to each state might prove costlier than uniformly implementing the plan of the most generous state. Employers are already accommodating disabled employees in the same manner. And these accommodations are by definition “reasonable.” Employers might not only avoid needless liability by providing accommodations to pregnant workers—even when not required—but might also gain numerous benefits, such as: increased morale; lower attrition rates; more productive workers; and better reputations. Accommodating pregnant workers seems uncontroversial, but every federal bill introduced to do so has been strongly opposed and stopped. States may now be leading the way and, ultimately, pregnancy accommodation laws will create positive benefits for women.

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3

Means, Carol D., Shirley L. Stewart e Denetta L. Dowler. "Job Accommodations that Work: A Follow-up Study of Adults with Attention Deficit Disorder". Journal of Applied Rehabilitation Counseling 28, n. 3 (1 settembre 1997): 13–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/0047-2220.28.3.13.

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This article discusses job accommodations as they relate to persons with Attention Deficit Disorder. The Job Accommodation Network database was searched and past callers were contacted regarding the job accommodations that were suggested by a Job Accommodation Network Consultant. Appropriate accommodations, employment history, cost of job accommodations, time for implementation, effectiveness of accommodations, and satisfaction with the accommodation were examined and discussed.

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4

Li, Jin, Qi Chen, Zhibo Lin, Lin Leng, Fang Huang e Ding Chen. "The Predictability of Preoperative Pilocarpine-Induced Lens Shift on the Outcomes of Accommodating Intraocular Lenses Implanted in Senile Cataract Patients". Journal of Ophthalmology 2016 (2016): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/6127130.

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Purpose. To evaluate the predictability of lens shift induced by pilocarpine (LSPilo) on the outcomes of accommodating intraocular lens (Acc-IOL) implantation.Methods. Twenty-four eyes of 24 senile cataract patients who underwent phacoemulsification and Acc-IOL implantation were enrolled.LSPilowas evaluated with anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT). At 3 months postoperatively, the best corrected distance visual acuities (BCDVA), distance-corrected near visual acuities (DCNVA), and subjective and objective accommodations were measured. IOL shifts under accommodation stimulus (IOLSAcc) were evaluated with AS-OCT.Results. The meanLSPilowas 112.29 ± 30.72 µm.LSPilowas not associated with any preoperative parameters. The meanIOLSAccwas 130.46 ± 42.71 µm. The mean subjective and objective accommodation were 1.54 ± 0.39 D and 1.27 ± 0.41 D, respectively. The mean postoperative BCDVA and DCNVA (log MAR value) were 0.22 ± 0.11 and 0.24 ± 0.12, respectively.LSPilopositively correlated withIOLSAcc(r=0.541;P=0.006), subjective accommodation (r=0.412;P=0.022), and objective accommodation (r=0.466;P=0.045), respectively.Conclusion.LSPilois an independent preoperative parameter associated with the postoperative Acc-IOL mobility and pseudophakic accommodation. It may offer valuable information for ophthalmologists in determining the suitable candidates for Acc-IOL implantation.

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5

Makhova, M. V. "Analysis of the therapeutic effect of Midrimax® on accommodation overstrain in patients with orthokeratological correction". Russian Ophthalmological Journal 15, n. 1 (25 marzo 2022): 25–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.21516/2072-0076-2022-15-1-25-31.

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Purpose: a year-long study of the accommodative function of the eye in patients with orthokeratologic (OK) correction, and the analysis of the therapeutic effect of the drug Midrimax® on accommodation overstrain in patients with OK lenses.Material and methods. The study group included 88 patients (176 eyes) with progressive myopia and OK lenses. The control group included 108 patients (216 eyes) who had optical correction with monofocal glasses and soft contact lenses. During the year, the accommodative function of patients of these two groups was studied using a Speedy-I Accommodograph that involved the calculation of accommodative coefficients: the coefficient of accommodative response and the coefficient of accommodative microfluctuations (CMF). The accommodographic examination in the study group was conducted before wearing OK lenses, after 1 month, 6 months and a year of wearing OK lenses. In the control group, the study of accommodation was carried out after 6 and 12 months. To assess the nature of the effect of Mydrimax® on accommodation overstrain, 70 children (140 eyes) with OK correction and varying degrees of accommodation overstrain were examined. A control group and a study group of 35 people (70 eyes) each were formed. In the study group, Mydrimax® was instilled daily before going to bed, 2 drops in each eye for 30 days. The study of accommodation on the Speedy-i accommodograph was conducted before treatment and after 30 days of treatment.Results. Before wearing OK lenses, 50.5 % had normal accommodative function, 33 % revealed lack of accommodation and only 16.5 % had various degrees of accommodation overstrain. After 6 months of using OK lenses, the accommodation pattern changed: 33.5 % of patients retained normal accommodation function, in 15.5 % of cases accommodation insufficiency decreased, but the number of patients (51.0 %) with accommodation overstrain of varying degrees increased. During the next 6 months of wearing OK lenses, the state of accommodation practically did not change: 39.5 % retained normal accommodative function, 10.5 % had insufficient accommodation and 49.5 % accommodation overstrain. The course of treatment with Mydrimax® for 30 days in patients with OK correction was effective at any degree of accommodation overstrain.Conclusion. The use of OK lenses stimulates accommodation by reducing the number of patients with accommodation insufficiency and increasing the number of patients with accommodation overstrain. The use of Mydrimax® for a course of 30 days is effective in patients with OK correction at any degree of accommodation overstrain.

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6

Saidun, Salilah, Elmira Akhmetova e Amilah Awang Abd Rahman. "Religious Accommodation for Muslim Workers and Patients in Healthcare". ICR Journal 10, n. 2 (15 dicembre 2019): 242–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.52282/icr.v10i2.45.

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As the followers of a comprehensive religion that regulates all spheres of human life, it is common for practising Muslims to require certain religious accommodations at their workplaces or during any clinical encounter. This paper aims to identify the factors that facilitate the provision of religious accommodation in healthcare for both Muslim healthcare workers and patients, by specifically examining three issues: provision of halal food, prayer facilities, and Muslim-friendly dress codes. In this qualitative study, document analysis and secondary data analysis are conducted. Thematic analysis is conducted to identify the factors which influence religious accommodation in healthcare. The findings illustrate that the prospect of accommodating religious needs does not merely depend on the religion of the majority of the population, but on various factors, such as the country or the state where the healthcare institution is situated, the healthcare institution itself, the sections or departments within the healthcare institution, and the personnel who deal directly with healthcare personnel or patients requiring the religious accommodation. In addition, awareness, attitudes, rules and standards, and availability of resources also influence the provision of religious accommodation. The results suggest that individuals seeking religious accommodation at any institution ought to play a more active role in obtaining accommodation at various levels. Besides that, religious accommodation can be enhanced by improving knowledge, attitude, standards, regulations, and availability of resources in healthcare institutions.

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7

Tarutta, Yelena Petrovna, Natalya Alekseyevna Tarasova e Narine Vladimirovna Khodzhabekyan. "Comprehensive investigation of subjective and objective accommodation parameters in children and teenagers with myopia". Ophthalmology journal 6, n. 2 (15 giugno 2013): 3–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/ov201323-9.

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The accommodation tonus, subjective and objective parameters of accommodation were examined in 130 patients aged 6–18 years (average age 11.26 ± 0.2) with various degrees of myopia. The accommodation state was determined using subjective methods (relative accommodation reserves, amplitude of accommodation) and objective methods (binocular and monocular accommodative responses, the objective relative accommodation reserves, the habitual tonus of accommodation in the open field, tonus of accommodation rest). It was revealed, that accommodation tonus measured in the virtual, open and non-oriented spaces had different values. Myopic patients showed the highest values of the tonus accommodation rest (–0.77 ± 0.03) and the lowest values (–0.17 ± 0.02) of the habitual tonus of accommodation in the open field. A synchronic decrease of subjective and objective parameters of accommodation was revealed in children and teenagers with myopia. The subjective-measured accommodation reserves showed higher values compared to objective-measured ones. A significant difference of examined parameters between fellow eyes was revealed in anisometropic myopia: the common tonus of accommodation in virtual, as well as in real space was higher in eyes with lower myopia; in eyes with higher myopia, the tonus showed negative values in both cases. The monocular accommodative response was the same in the paired eyes, the binocular accommodative response was significantly higher in eyes with higher myopia.

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8

Makhova, M. V., e V. V. Strakhov. "Interaction of accommodative and subjective diagnostic criteria of accommodation disorders". Russian Ophthalmological Journal 12, n. 3 (31 agosto 2019): 13–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.21516/2072-0076-2019-12-3-13-19.

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Purpose: to study the relationship of accommodative (objective) and subjective criteria of different types of accommodation disorders.Material and methods. 62 patients (124 eyes) with myopic refraction, aged 10 to 18, were divided into 6 groups according to accommodation disorders types. All patients were tested objectively on a Speedy-i accommodograph, which determined the coefficient of accommodation response (CAR) and the coefficient of microfluctuations (CMF) and underwent MEM retinoscopy to determine the accommodation response. In addition, subjective methods were used to determine the amplitude of accommodation (by proximetry) and accommodation flexibility (by ±2 D flipper). Results. A rather close correlation was revealed between the accommodative and subjective evaluation criteria of ciliary muscle performance. Therefore, both the CAR and proximetry data may be used to determine accommodation amplitude. The power of accommodation response may be determined by CAR and MEM retinoscopy, while the accommodation state may be tested by CMF or accommodation flexibility.Conclusion. A statistically significant correlation between accommodative coefficients and the results of subjective tests enable the practitioners of outpatient care to use the available subjective methods of accommodation disorder diagnosis and, accordingly, determine the best suited optical correction and choose adequate methods of treatment of accommodation disorders.

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9

Almayeni, Meza, e Marlina Marlina. "Perceptions of Students with Disabilities on Reasonable Learning Accommodations at Universitas Negeri Padang". IJDS Indonesian Journal of Disability Studies 10, n. 2 (28 novembre 2023): 155–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.21776/ub.ijds.2023.10.02.3.

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Based on the initial survey conducted, there are still obstacles faced by students with disabilities to get proper accommodation in learning at Padang State University (UNP). These accommodations are in the form of model accommodations, media, and learning evaluation accommodations. This study was conducted with the aim of knowing the perceptions of students with disabilities regarding the feasibility of learning accommodations available at UNP. The research method used descriptive quantitative with 49 research subjects from 2015-2022 who came from different study programs and types of disabilities. The data collection technique uses online surveys and questionnaires through the Google Form platform which is distributed on social media. The results showed that learning model accommodation was not feasible, learning media accommodation was not feasible, learning material accommodation was feasible, and learning evaluation accommodation was feasible in the perception of UNP students with disabilities.

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10

Fisher, S. Kay, e Kenneth J. Ciuffreda. "Accommodation and Apparent Distance". Perception 17, n. 5 (ottobre 1988): 609–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/p170609.

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The ability to judge egocentric distance was assessed in sixteen normal observers under conditions where monocular blur-driven accommodation provided the only source of information regarding changes in target dioptric distance. Accommodation and apparent distance were measured over an optical range of 2 to 6 D for each of three targets which differed in their effectiveness as accommodative stimuli (excellent, moderate, and poor). For the excellent and moderate accommodative targets, apparent distance decreased as accommodation increased, with both targets sharing a common linear function. Apparent distance, however, tended to exceed accommodative distance and was relatively compressed in scale. As expected, accommodative response and apparent distance diminished in range as target effectiveness was reduced. The poor accommodative target represented the limiting case wherein accommodation failed to deviate from the tonic level, and apparent distance remained constant. There were considerable intersubject differences in the ability to judge distances on the basis of accommodation. The results indicate that accommodation can indeed serve as a source of distance information, particularly for some individuals.

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Più fonti

Tesi sul tema "Accommodation"

1

Ransdell, Amanda OD. "Ciliary Muscle and Sustained Accommodation". The Ohio State University, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1427279533.

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2

Hart, Linda Louise. "Accommodation : a novel". Thesis, University of Canterbury. Humanities, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/2550.

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D'Elia, Christina Noel. "Accommodating death an examination of the role of scientific accommodation in forensic anthropology /". Connect to this title online, 2009. http://etd.lib.clemson.edu/documents/1247508443/.

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4

Winn, Barry. "Studies in binocular accommodation". Thesis, Glasgow Caledonian University, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.378073.

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A study of the binocular accommodation response is presented for normal and amblyopic observers to selected stimulus conditions using a binocular infra-red optometer and a commercially-available autorefractor. The work reviews the neural control of the near triad and discusses the historical development of models of mutual interaction between accommodation and convergence, presenting experimental evidence to support or refute each proposition. The basic characteristics of the accommodation response are reviewed along with the influencing factors. A central feature of this work is the evaluation of the correlation present between the eyes for both step-wise changes in target vergence and steady-state viewing. Reaction times for visually normal subjects were found to be similar to those found by previous workers and were independent of both size and direction of the step change. Response times for a mean step size of approximately 2.5D exhibited a marked degree of intersubject variability, particularly for the decreasing response and were step-size dependent. Eye dominancy was not found to be a significant factor in the overall response time. The binocular accommodation responses were found to have a high level of correlation to step-wise changes in target vergence. This in, itself, is perhaps not surprising in view of the anatomical similarities between the eyes and the relatively large dioptric changes induced. To obtain a clearer picture of the control of accommodation assessment of the microfluctuations was necessary. A high degree of correlation between amblyopic eyes and their fellow normal eyes is reported for both reaction and response times, although response times are longer than those for normal eyes. Reaction times for four subjects were not significantly different to those of the dominant eye. The subject presenting with the deepest amblyopia did have a significantly increased reaction time and a relationship with minimum angle of resolution is considered. Steady-state viewing shows the microfluctuations to have a high level of coherence, suggesting the control of accommodation to be at or above the point at which the IIIrd nerves are conjoint. Increasing target vergence causes an increase in the rms amplitude of the microfluctuations, binocular viewing not influencing the response characteristics. As target luminance decreased, rms values and low frequency drifts increased. Amblyopic eyes show an increase in the magnitude of the low frequency components of the microfluctuations for moderate to high stimulus vergences. The presence of different behaviour to that observed in normals supports a role for the microfluctuations. The response of amblyopic eyes to coloured stimuli results in an increase of the low frequency component to targets at the extremities of the visual spectrum, furthering the argument for a positive role for the fluctuations. The steady-state response to coloured stimuli differed from that found in normal eyes in that the appropriate response to overcome the chromatic interval was not observed for moderate to high stimulus vergences. The overall anomalous response could not use the additional information provided by coloured targets. Finally the detectibility of defocus was tested with sine waves and using signals derived from the microfluctuations. The threshold of detection for the microfluctuations is similar to that for sine waves, but is thought to be due to the presence of discontinuities and abrupt shifts in the response level. This adds support to Crane's(1966) hypothesis of 'accommodative saccades'.

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Rai, Gurjeet Kaur. "Accommodation and intraocular pressure". Thesis, Aston University, 2007. http://publications.aston.ac.uk/14645/.

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The relationship between accommodation and intraocular pressure (IOP) has not been addressed as a research question for over 20 years, when measurement of both of these parameters was less advanced than today. Hence the central aim of this thesis was to evaluate the effects of accommodation on lOP. The instrument of choice throughout this thesis was the Pulsair EasyEye non-contact tonometer (NCT) due principally to its slim-line design which allowed the measurement of lOP in one eye and simultaneous stimulation of accommodation in the other eye. A second reason for using the Pulsair EasyEye NCT was that through collaboration with the manufacturers (Keeler, UK) the instrument's operational technology was made accessible. Hence, the principle components underpinning non-contact lOP measures of 0.1mmHg resolution (an order of magnitude greater than other methods) were made available. The relationship between the pressure-output and corneal response has been termed the pressure-response relationship, aspects of which have been shown to be related to ocular biometric parameters. Further, analysis of the components of the pressure-response relationship together with high-speed photography of the cornea during tonometry has enhanced our understanding of the derivation of an IOP measure with the Pulsair EasyEye NCT. The NCT samples the corneal response to the pressure pulse over a 19 ms cycle photoelectronically, but computes the subject's lOP using the data collected in the first 2.34 ms. The relatively instantaneous nature of the lOP measurement renders the measures susceptible to variations in the steady-state lOP caused by the respiratory and cardiac cycles. As such, the variance associated with these cycles was minimised by synchronising the lOP measures with the cardiac trace and maintaining a constant pace respiratory cycle at 15 breathes/minute. It is apparent that synchronising the lOP measures with the peak, middle or trough of the cardiac trace significantly reduced the spread of consecutive measures. Of the 3 locations investigated, synchronisation with the middle location demonstrated the least variance (coeflicient of variation = 9.1%) and a strong correlation (r = 0.90, p = <0.001) with lOP values obtained with Goldmann contact tonometry (n = 50). Accordingly IOP measures synchronised with the middle location of the cardiac cycle were taken in the RE while the LE fixated low (L; zero D), intermediate (I; 1.50 D) and high (H; 4 D) accommodation targets, Quasi-continuous measures of accommodation responses were obtained during the lOP measurement period using the portable infrared Grand Seiko FR-5000 autorefractor. The lOP reduced between L and I accommodative levels by approximately 0.61 mmHg (p <0.00 I). No significant reduction in IOP between L and H accommodation levels was elicited (p = 0.65) (n = 40). The relationship between accommodation and lOP was characterised by substantial inter-subject variations. Myopes demonstrated a tendency to show a reduction in IOP with accommodation which was significant only with I accommodation levels when measured with the NCT (r = 0.50, p = 0.01). However, the relationship between myopia and lOP change with accommodation reached significance for both I (r = 0.61, p= 0.003) and H (r = 0.531, p= 0.0 1) accommodation levels when measured with the Ocular blood Flow Analyser (OBFA). Investigation of the effects of accommodation on the parameters measured by the OBFA demonstrated that with H accommodation levels the pulse amplitude (PA) and pulse rate (PR) responses differed between myopes and emmetropes (PA: p = 0.03; PR: p = 0.004). As thc axial length increased there was a tendency for the pulsatile ocular blood flow (POBF) to reduce with accommodation, which was significant only with H accommodation levels (r = 0.38, p = 0.02). It is proposed that emmetropes arc able to regulate the POBF responses to changes in ocular perfusion pressure caused by changes in lOP with I (r = 0.77, p <0.001) and H (r = 0.73, p = 0.001) accommodation levels. However, thc relationship between lOP and POBF changes in the myopes was not correlated for both I (r = 0.33, p = 0.20) and H (r = 0.05, p = 0.85) accommodation levels. The thesis presents new data on the relationships between accommodation, lOP and parameters of the OBFA,: and provides evidence for possible lOP and choroidal blood flow regulatory mechanisms. Further the data highlight possible deficits in the vascular regulation of the myopic eye during accommodation, which may play a putative role in the aetiology of myopia development.

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Urs, Raksha. "Investigation of Accommodation and Presbyopia using Ultrasound Imaging during Ex Vivo Simulated Accommodation". Scholarly Repository, 2010. http://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_dissertations/360.

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The goal of this project is to obtain quantitative images of the lens and the ciliary body to validate EVAS-II (Second generation Ex Vivo Accommodation Simulator). To accomplish this goal it was necessary to develop methods, instrumentation and image processing techniques to acquire 3D images in EVAS-II, using UBM (Ultrasound Bio Microscope), and to apply these techniques to non-human primate eyes. The lens studies included measurement of speed of sound in the lens to reconstruct accurate images of the lens, development of instrumentation to measure the un-distorted lens shape and development of a mathematical model to quantify the whole lens shape. Speed measurements showed that the speed of sound exhibits a gradient profile in the equatorial plane, similar to refractive index and protein distributions in the lens. Lens shape measurements showed that the UBM can be used to accurately measure thickness, diameter, cross-sectional area, volume and surface area of the lens. The ciliary body studies included development of instrumentation and algorithms to obtain 3-D images of tissue in EVAS-II and development of methodology to quantify ciliary body movement during stretching. Studies showed that the accommodation process in young baboon eyes in EVAS-II is comparable to the in vivo process in rhesus monkeys. The UBM can be used to obtain reliable quantitative information about the lens and the ciliary body. 3-D UBM enables monitoring of ciliary body motion of the entire accommodative apparatus.

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Dettner, Alexander. "Accommodation Of Religion : Arguments For The Permissibility And Desirability Of Accommodation Of Religion". Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Juridiska institutionen, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-192500.

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8

Szostek, Nicola. "Assessment of ocular accommodation in humans". Thesis, University of Plymouth, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/9883.

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Accommodation is the change in the dioptric power of the eye altering the focus from distance to near. Presbyopia is the loss of accommodative function that occurs with age. There are many techniques used to measure accommodation, however, there is little consensus as to how clinical data should be collected and analysed. The overarching theme of this thesis is the in vivo examination of accommodation and how lifestyle can affect the onset of presbyopia. An open-field autorefractor with badal adaption was used to examine accommodative dynamic profiles under varying demands of vergence. From this data a new metric for assessing the time for accommodative change was derived. Furthermore this thesis describes a bespoke automated accommodative facility instrument that was developed to provide further assessment of accommodative speeds. Defocus curves are used for assessing accommodation and depth-of-focus; the work presented explores the use of non-linear regression models to define the most appropriate method of assessing defocus curves in phakic subjects, and pseudophakic subjects implanted with an extended depth-of-focus intraocular lens. Using an absolute cut-off criteria of +0.30logMAR improved the repeatability and reliability of the depth-of-focus metrics over a cut-off criteria relative to the best corrected visual acuity. A swept-source anterior segment optical coherence tomographer (AS-OCT) was used to image the morphology of the ciliary muscle during accommodation. The accuracy of ciliary muscle measurements was improved when using reference points on the sclera to align the AS-OCT scan. The use of a ciliary muscle area metric demonstrated poor repeatability and reliability when compared to the traditional assessment of muscle morphology via thickness measurements. Physiological ageing in the crystalline lens occurs in line with ageing in other structures in the body. The methods for assessing accommodative function examined in previous chapters, were used to examine whether lifestyle factors which affect the rate of systemic ageing, such as smoking, also affect accommodative function. Although being a current smoker and having greater central adiposity was associated with a slower time for accommodative change, further research is required before these findings can be applied to the target population.

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Larsson, Magdalena. "Beliefs regarding accommodation of dialects". Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för språk och litteratur, SOL, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-16867.

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The aim of this paper is to investigate non-linguists' ideas about dialect accommodation. That is to say, the research questions concern people's beliefs about whether they accommodate their dialects to their interlocutors. In addition, one research question concerns people's suggestions as to why they adjust their speech and if differences between native and foreign languages can be found. The investigation was carried out as an informant survey and a total of 26 participants, between the ages 20 and 30, answered the questions. The data were analysed and discussed from a sociolinguistic and a sociopsychological perspective, with the theory CAT as a foundation for the interpretations. The results show that people believed they change their speech depending on conversation partner. This was thought of as subconscious behaviour and was mainly reflected upon afterwards. Furthermore, comments from the questionnaire concern changes in speech when talking to friends, when the interlocutor's dialect is distinct and when the informants visit a different geographical area. In addition, the informants have ideas about efficient communication when it comes to comprehensibility between the conversation partners' vocabularies as well as being on the same communicative level. The results from a native language accommodation situation and a foreign language accommodation situation showed similar ideas. That is to say, people's perceptions about accommodation did not differ much depending on what language they used.

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Flitcroft, Daniel Ian. "Sensory control of ocular accommodation". Thesis, University of Oxford, 1988. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:9533e285-150f-4bc9-90d8-4a4a870a7f0e.

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Più fonti

Libri sul tema "Accommodation"

1

Canada. Dept. of Employment and Immigration. Accommodation. [Ottawa]: Supply and Services, 1988.

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2

Canada, Canada Public Works and Government Services. Client accommodation: Accommodation use in government. Ottawa, Ont: Minister of Supply and Services Canada = Ministre des approvisionnements et services Canada, 1995.

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Canada. Public Works and Government Services Canada., a cura di. Client accommodation: Accommodation use in government. [Ottawa]: Minister of Supply and Services Canada, 1995.

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Wales), Youth Hostels Association (England and. Accommodation guide. St.Albans: Youth Hostels Association, 1995.

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5

Cohen, Paul. The accommodation. Spiritwood, Sask: One Act Play Depot, 2010.

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6

Livia, Anna. Accommodation offered. London: Women's Press, 1985.

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7

Thomas, Bridgett. Accommodation operations. London: HCIMA, 1991.

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8

Livia, Anna. Accommodation offered. London: Women's Press, 1985.

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9

Council, English Tourism, a cura di. Hotel accommodation. London: English Tourism Council, 1999.

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10

Kiddle, Chris. Accommodation specification. London: H.M.S.O. [for] CCTA, 1991.

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Più fonti

Capitoli di libri sul tema "Accommodation"

1

Fanthome, Christine. "Accommodation". In The Student Life Handbook, 79–98. London: Macmillan Education UK, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-230-80210-0_6.

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2

Lewis, Bridget, Kelly Purser e Kirsty Mackie. "Accommodation". In The Human Rights of Older Persons, 245–73. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-6735-3_9.

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3

Ali, M. A., e M. A. Klyne. "Accommodation". In Vision in Vertebrates, 73–94. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-9129-6_4.

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4

Davson, Hugh. "Accommodation". In Physiology of the Eye, 767–82. London: Macmillan Education UK, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-09997-9_27.

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5

Jakobsson, Sverrir. "Accommodation". In The Varangians, 35–47. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-53797-5_4.

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6

Robinson, Peter, Michael Lück e Stephen Smith. "Accommodation." In Tourism, 137–51. Wallingford: CABI, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789241488.0137.

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7

Black, Jeremy. "Accommodation". In France and the Grand Tour, 55–61. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230287242_5.

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8

Weik, Martin H. "accommodation". In Computer Science and Communications Dictionary, 14. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-0613-6_172.

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9

Reynolds, Andy. "Accommodation". In The Live Music Business, 226–29. 3^a ed. New York: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003019503-20.

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10

O’Halloran, Robert M. "Accommodation". In Encyclopedia of Tourism, 3–5. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-01384-8_2.

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Atti di convegni sul tema "Accommodation"

1

Bobier, William R., Austin Guinta, Stacey Kurtz e Howard C. Howland. "Identification of Convergence Accommodation in Infants Aged 3 to 6 Months". In Vision Science and its Applications. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/vsia.1997.sac.2.

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As with many other visual functions, ocular accommodation and vergence show rapid development in the first 6 months of life.1-6 When convergence and accommodation are measured separately on the same child, evidence suggests that the two systems are not correlated in their responses until at least 2 months of age.7,8 There is little information on the early development of the cross links between accommodation and vergence, specifically accommodative vergence and vergence-driven accommodation. One study has been conducted on the development of accommodative vergence.9 In that study, Aslin and Jackson found convergence could be elicited when infants between 2 and 6 months of age monocularly viewed a target that was changing in depth. Although this is strong evidence for the existence of accommodative-driven vergence, the possibility remains that vergence was driven by proximity cues having different inputs than blur-driven accommodation.10 The purpose of our study was to determine if the convergence accommodation cross link was present in infants aged 3 to 6 months.

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2

Gwiazda, Jane, Joseph Bauer e Frank Thorn. "Accommodation, phorias, and AC/A ratios in school-age children". In Vision Science and its Applications. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/vsia.1996.sac.2.

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Changes in the interactions between accommodation and vergence have been linked to the development of myopia in adults. Jiang (1995) reported that AC/A (accommodative convergence/ accommodation) ratios of young adults who became myopic over a 2 to 3 year period were higher at the outset than those of subjects who remained emmetropic. Previously we reported that newly myopic children show insufficient accommodative response to blur (Gwiazda et al, 1993). We have speculated that this accommodative lag might create a blurred image on the retina when an individual is engaged in near work, which could induce myopia, as occurs with animal models. Reduced accommodation could also account for elevated AC/A ratios in myopes.

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3

Gu, Y., e Gordon E. Legge. "Accommodation to stimuli in peripheral vision?" In OSA Annual Meeting. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oam.1985.thh7.

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According to one view, only stimuli presented to the fovea can elicit accommodative responses. However, clinicians report accommodation in patients with central-field loss, suggesting that peripheral vision can play a role. We used a laser optometer to measure accommodation to central and peripheral targets in subjects with normal vision. The targets consisted of featureless black disks superimposed on a uniform white field. Disk radii were 1 °, 7°, 15°, and 30°. Subjects fixated a laser-speckle pattern at the center of the disk. Eye-movement recording confirmed the stability of fixation. Since images of laser speckle patterns remain sharp independent of focus, the circular contour of the black disk on the white background provided the only stimulus to accommodation. For each disk, we measured monocular accommodation as a function of light vergence to estimate the amplitude of accommodation for contours at different retinal eccentricities. Accommodation was observed at all eccentricities, but declined outward from the fovea. Typical amplitudes of 4-5 D were obtained for the 1 ° disk and 1-2 D for the 30° disk. We conclude that peripheral vision is capable of eliciting accommodation. The possibility that peripheral accommodation is mediated by convergence accommodation is discussed.

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4

Glasser, Adrian, e Paul L. Kaufman. "Dynamics of Refractive Changes and Lens and Ciliary Body Movements in Rhesus Monkey Eyes During Edinger-Westphal Nucleus Stimulated Accommodation". In Vision Science and its Applications. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/vsia.1998.sub.1.

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Few studies have explored dynamic changes in the accommodative elements of the eye in relation to presbyopia (Schaeffel, et al., 1993; Beers & Van Der Heijde, 1994, 1996; Kaufman, et al., 1997). In the normal human eye the only aspect of the accommodative apparatus readily accessible for dynamic studies is the lens. Although measurements of dynamic changes in lens thickness have been made (Beers & Van Der Heijde, 1994, 1996), they provide no information on the relationship between movements of the extralenticular accommodative apparatus and the refractive changes in the eye or how these relationships changes with age and presbyopia. Recent work has shown age changes in movements of the accommodative elements of the iridectomized rhesus monkey eye (Kaufman, et al, 1997). Further studies of age changes in the extralenticular accommodative apparatus are underway and we present for the first time, results from this work relating mechanical movements of the extralenticular accommodative apparatus to refractive and lenticular changes in the eyes of young accommodating rhesus monkeys. This work aims to characterize and describe normal dynamic relationships between the extralenticular accommodative apparatus and the lens. Rhesus monkeys are ideal subjects for these studies since young animals have high accommodative amplitudes, they develop presbyopia with the same relative age course as humans, and surgical removal of the iris and implantation of stimulating electrodes in the midbrain facilitates imaging of the ciliary body and lens equator during electrically stimulated accommodation (Crawford, et al., 1989; Neider, et al., 1990).

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5

Song, Byoungsub, Thibault Leportier e Min-Chul Park. "Temporal accommodation response measured by photorefractive accommodation measurement device". In SPIE OPTO, a cura di Liang-Chy Chien, Tae-Hoon Yoon e Sin-Doo Lee. SPIE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2253466.

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6

Glasser, Adrian, e Howard C. Howland. "Hydrostatic pressure changes behind chick and pigeon corneas are insufficient to account for corneal accommodation". In OSA Annual Meeting. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oam.1991.tuy4.

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Corneal accommodation accounts ~9 D of accommodation in pigeon eyes and for ~8 D of the full 15–17 D accommodative range in chicken eyes.1 The mechanisms of corneal accommodation are largely unknown. To test the role of intraocular pressure changes in corneal accommodation in chick and pigeon eyes we regulated the pressure behind excised corneas and measured the changes in corneal curvature. Curvatures of excised corneas with a hydrostatic pressure applied behind them were measured using IR keratometry. The radii of curvature of the excised corneas under hydrostatic pressure were similar to those measured in the living bird and in the intact excised eyes (six chick eyes 4.34–4.63 mm and four pigeon eyes 3.55–4.07 mm). Pressure changes regulated around physiological values2 (10–22 mmHG) resulted in small changes in corneal curvature (chicks 0.14–0.33 mm and pigeons 0.10–0.16 mm). When expressed as corneal refracting power (chicks 2.50–5.69 D and pigeons 2.36–3.20 D) the changes are insufficient to account for the full range of corneal accommodation.

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7

Bolgova, Elena V., e Marina V. Kournikova. "TERRITORIAL ACCOMMODATION INDICATORS". In Treshnikov readings – 2021 Modern geographical global picture and technology of geographic education. Ulyanovsk State Pedagogical University named after I. N. Ulyanov, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.33065/978-5-907216-08-2-2021-169-170.

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The article explores the conditions for the territorial distribution of the university network, substantiates the need for assessment, suggests indicators, gives recommendations for their use in strategic planning documents of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation.

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8

Pedrigi, Ryan M., e Jay D. Humphrey. "Biomechanics of the Human Anterior Lens Capsule". In ASME 2008 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2008-192073.

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The primary function of the lens of the eye, termed accommodation, is to precisely focus light onto the retina by changing curvature and corresponding refractive power. Investigators have long sought to understand the mechanism of accommodation in terms of interactions of the constituent tissues, which recently has been aided by biomechanical modeling. Such models depend heavily on accurate measurements of tissue mechanical properties and seek to predict stresses and strains. A critical component of the accommodative apparatus is the lens capsule, a bag-like membrane that encapsulates the lens nucleus and cortex and mediates tractions imposed onto this structure by the ciliary body. In addition to this physiologic process during normalcy, the lens capsule also plays a fundamental role in cataract surgery; a procedure that involves three basic steps: a quarter of the anterior lens capsule is removed via the introduction of a continuous circular capsulorhexis (CCC), the lens is broken up and suctioned out, and an artificial intraocular lens (IOL) is placed within the remnant capsular bag. Although novel IOL designs have decreased post-surgical complications, they currently lack the important feature of accommodation. Therefore, mechanical analysis of the lens capsule will allow for an understanding of its interaction with an implant that may further assist in the design of future accommodating IOLs (AIOLs). Here, we report a novel experimental approach to study in situ the regional, multiaxial mechanical behavior of both normal and diabetic human anterior lens capsules. Furthermore, we use these data to calculate material parameters in a nonlinear stress-strain relation via a custom sub-domain inverse finite element method (FEM). These parameters are then used to predict capsular stresses in response to imposed loads using a forward FEM model.

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9

Koretz, Jane F., Christopher A. Cook e Paul L. Kaufman. "Aging Changes in the Human Accommodative Process". In Vision Science and its Applications. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/vsia.1997.saa.1.

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Accommodation, the process by which the human eye focuses on near objects, takes place through carefully controlled changes of the crystalline lens in shape, thickness, and anterior surface location relative to the cornea. These changes, which involve an elastic recovery of the lens upon accommodation from the maximally stressed and flattened non-accommodated lens shape, are coupled with the contraction of the ciliary muscle, which itself changes in shape and location relative to fixed points within the globe. The refractive range over which accommodation can occur is age-dependent. In youthful eyes, the range can be as great as 15 diopters, but the near point recedes steadily with increasing age in the adult eye until, by about 50 yr, it closely approaches the far point. This diminution in accommodative range is accompanied by other aging changes in the lens, ciliary muscle, and anterior segment geometry.

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10

Popiolek-Masajada, Agnieszka, Barbara K. Pierscionek e Henryk T. Kasprzak. "Cornea shape and accommodation". In 12th Czech-Slovak-Polish Optical Conference on Wave and Quantum Aspects of Contemporary Optics, a cura di Jan Perina, Sr., Miroslav Hrabovsky e Jaromir Krepelka. SPIE, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.417855.

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Rapporti di organizzazioni sul tema "Accommodation"

1

Zehner, Gregory F., e Jeffrey A. Hudson. TH-67 Size Accommodation Report. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, giugno 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada406367.

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2

Rader, Daniel John, Jaime N. Castaneda, John Robert Torczynski, Thomas W. Grasser e Wayne Merle Trott. Measurements of thermal accommodation coefficients. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), ottobre 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/876357.

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3

Robinette, Kathleen M. Maximizing Anthropometric Accommodation and Protection. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, agosto 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada478337.

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4

Solomon, Rhea Rakesh. NestQuest, off-campus accommodation solution. Ames (Iowa): Iowa State University, dicembre 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/cc-20240624-1045.

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5

Zehner, Gregory F., e Jeffrey A. Hudson. Body Size Accommodation in USAF Aircraft. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, gennaio 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada405598.

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6

Spangler, Stanley E. Force and Accommodation in World Politics. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, agosto 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada421926.

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7

Helpman, Elhanan, e Leonardo Leiderman. Real Wages, Monetary Accommodation, and Inflation. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, ottobre 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w3146.

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8

Tucker, Heather, e Jennifer Crawford. Cockpit Accommodation in USN/USMC Helicopters. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, gennaio 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada384560.

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9

Zehner, Gregory F. Prediction of Anthropometric Accommodation in Aircraft Cockpits. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, giugno 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada399750.

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10

Myers, S. M., D. M. Follstaedt, J. A. Floro, S. R. Lee, L. R. Dawson e J. L. Reno. Nanocavity effects on misfit accommodation in semiconductors. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), aprile 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/468586.

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