Tesi: "919" – Grafiati

1

Silva, Bruno Drumond Mello. "ΤΗΣ ΜΟΥΣΙΚΗΣ ΤΟΠΟΣ ΤΗΙ ΠΟΛΙΤΕΙΑΙ: sobre a educação elementar através da música na República de Platão". Universidade de São Paulo, 2010. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8133/tde-29032010-172740/.

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O objetivo deste trabalho pode ser resumido na tarefa de expor a análise que Platão faz da μονσικη nos Livros II e III da República, demonstrando o papel central que desempenha na educação dos jovens e, por conseguinte, na constituição da πολιτειι , quais seus objetivos, e de que modo serve à relativização dos argumentos dirigidos contra a poesia no Livro X.
The aim of this work may be reduced to the task of presenting Platos analysis of μονσικη in Republic II and III, demonstrating the central role it plays on the education of the young and thus, on the constitution of the πολιτειι , which are its objectives, and how it can mitigate Books X claims against poetry

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2

Al, Afifi Zayed Hassan. "Strategies and public policy models of effective human capital, talents and workforce development : an investigation into the effectiveness of different scholarship programmes in the United Arab Emirates, UAE". Thesis, London Metropolitan University, 2016. http://repository.londonmet.ac.uk/919/.

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Human resource development, specifically workforce training and talent development in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) and its outcomes are the main goals of this study. This research investigation has focused on selected aspects of public policy strategies for workforce and human capital development in the UAE. More specifically, this investigation is aiming to investigate the effectiveness of various UAE Scholarship Programmes on workforce development. The research addresses how human capital development strategies for UAE Nationals, with specific and primary reference to university scholarship programmes, have had positive impacts on the development of those Nationals who successfully completed their programme within the last decade. Additionally this study asks what correlations there might be between the scholarships’ specific skills enhancement and the nature of the work in which alumni are presently engaged; and in what ways UAE Nationals believe their careers have developed as a result of the successful completion of their university scholarship programme; also to what extent UAE Nationals believe they have been able to impact positively on the institutions and organisations they work for. And indeed how do those participants who took part in this study feel about improvement of such programme for scholarship winners in the future? A mixed method design approach which integrated both quantitative and qualitative data was used. The quantitative data were collected through a survey, and qualitative data were collected from both the survey and through more in-depth individual interviews and focus group discussions with both alumni and public sector managers. The sample of the present study comprises a total of 206 alumni of both genders with (a 78% response rate) who participated in this study; and additional sample of 33 alumni also included, as well as three public sector mangers who had in=depth interviews. Using Kirkpatrick’s four level criteria of evaluation of alumni learning experience abroad. That is reactions and satisfaction, learning of the intended knowledge and skills, creation of behaviour change among participants and resulting in tangible impact on organisation as well employing other indicators which compared responses before 2006 and after 2006, the present research work indicated majority of participant’s alumni were very positive about their study experience aboard; participants claimed they have gained a wide range of skills and experience. Their future influence could include areas of high priority for development and leadership, including education, health and governance. Further results also showed that over 90% of alumni respondents have successfully completed their programmes of study; hence returned home and currently are working in the UAE. Majority of the participants also claimed that their programme contributed to international collaboration and partnerships. Overall evaluation and main outcomes of this study did not offer tangible evidence that scholarships are having a significant impact on institutional performance. There was also no noticeable difference between those institutions which had received relatively larger numbers of scholarships (Management, Biology, Engineering and Computer Sciences), and those who had received few. However, further in-depth assessment of individual institutions might be necessary in future to elicit such evidence and/or relationship links. Some results suggested that the scholarships offered by different ministries and departments will enable the transfer of skills and knowledge not only to individual award holders, but also to employers and relevant institutions. Finally, the main findings of the study lead to a number of recommendations to better support not only the integration of scholars in their workplaces but also the achievement of effective workforce plan to achieve the objective of Emiratisation Scheme and strategic vision on this important field of study which has been acknowledged at all UAE governmental levels.

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3

Kantawong, Fahsai. "Use of comparative proteomics to study a novel osteogenic nanotopography". Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2009. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/919/.

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The principal aim of this thesis was to investigate the ability of surface topography in inducing bone cell differentiation for biomedical purposes. In orthopedic research, regeneration of bone defects can be performed in vitro using biomaterials. Third generation biomaterials aim not only to support tissue (first generation) and not only to be ‘bioactive’ (second generation), but to stimulate specific, known and desirable responses at the molecular level. Nanoscale topography offers a possible route to the development of third generation biomaterials. Two-dimensional fluorescence difference gel electrophoresis (2D DIGE) is a new method for assessing protein expression strategies and here, a micro-grooved topography was used as a model for protocol optimization. The protocol was successfully developed and proved that 2D DIGE can be used as a powerful tool in the evaluation of biomaterial can direct cell behavior and cell fate. Next, the refined protocol was applied to the evaluation of the novel nanotopographic features; near-square nanopits (120 nm diameter, 100 nm depth with the pitch between the pits was set to an average of 300 nm with a ± 50 nm error). Protein expression profiles indicated that ERK1/2 might play part in cell proliferation and cell differentiation. However, to make a clear conclusion about molecular signalling, the study of sub-cellular proteome is needed in the future work. Additionally, the use of another comparative proteomic technique; dimethyl labelling, implicated the possibility of sub-population differentiation, i.e. the formation of multiple cell types that could be advantageous in tissue engineering of complex organs. Furthermore, the application of fluid-flow bioreactors was shown to enhance the growth rate and possibly increased differentiation of cells cultured on nanotopographical features.

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4

Bastos, Heloisa Flora. "Changing teachers' practice : towards a constructivist methodology of physics teaching". Thesis, University of Surrey, 1992. http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/919/.

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5

Humphris, Amy. "Occupational regulation in the UK : prevalence and impact". Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2013. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/919/.

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Occupational regulation is a well established, yet largely under researched, labour market institution in the UK. This thesis investigates the prevalence and impact of licensing, certification, accreditation and registration. The results indicate that occupational regulation is present across a large portion of occupations and that it can have a significant impact on wages, skills and quality.

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6

Brown, Anthony Murray. "Very high energy emission and multi-wavelength campaigns of the BL Lac object PKS 2155-304". Thesis, Durham University, 2006. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/919/.

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This thesis is concerned with multi-wavelength observations of the prominent southern hemisphere high energy BL Lac object, (HBL), PKS 2155-304. After a general introduction covering the particulars of Active Galactic Nuclei, the pysical processes and models that are believed to play an important role in the observations and ground based γ-ray astronomy, the results and interpretation of four individual multi-wavelength campaigns on PKS 2155-304 are presented. Lead by observations of the High Energy Stereoscopic System (H.E.S.S.), these campaigns include observations with RXTE, NTT at ESO, ROTSE, Spitzer, JCMT and the NRT. During all these campaigns, the source appeared to be in a quiescent state, allowing us to probe the jet paramaters and emission models for a quiescent HBL for the first time. The models for VHE emission from HBLs have evolved over the last 14 years since Mkn 421 was detected as a VHE emitter. However, the sensitivity of the past generations of VHE telescopes has only been sufficient to observe VHE emission from HBLs during apparent active states. These evolved models are therefore essentially high active state emission models. Since the sensitivity of H.E.S.S. now allows us to detect these objects in a quiescent state , the obvious question is, do the 'active state' models still accurately predict the SED and in particular the VHE emission?

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7

Oliva, Enrico <1976&gt. "Argumentation and artifacts for intelligent multi-agent systems". Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2008. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/919/.

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Reasoning under uncertainty is a human capacity that in software system is necessary and often hidden. Argumentation theory and logic make explicit non-monotonic information in order to enable automatic forms of reasoning under uncertainty. In human organization Distributed Cognition and Activity Theory explain how artifacts are fundamental in all cognitive process. Then, in this thesis we search to understand the use of cognitive artifacts in an new argumentation framework for an agent-based artificial society.

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8

Chandler, Christopher N. "Blind injustice : Jesus' prophetic warning against unjust judging (Matthew 7:1-5) /". St Andrews, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/919.

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9

López, Alcalá Cristina. "Regulación de K-Ras por Ca2+/CaM". Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/919.

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Las proteínas de la superfamilia Ras son pequeñas proteínas G monoméricas de pesos moleculares de entre 20 y 40 kDa que actúan como interruptores moleculares regulando el inicio, duración y finalización de una gran variedad de funciones celulares (Takai, Yoshimi et al. 2001).

Esta superfamilia comprende más de 150 proteínas (Fig. 1) con homólogos encontrados en Drosophila, C.Elegans, S. cerevisiae, Dictyostelium y en plantas. Las proteínas Ras más conocidas y estudiadas, H, N y K-Ras, son los miembros fundadores de esta gran familia, la cual se divide en 5 subfamilias en base a similitudes en la secuencia y funcionalidad de las proteínas que las componen: Ras, Rho, Rab, Ran y Arf (Fig. 2) (Wennerberg, Krister et al. 2005)

Además de compartir una estructura parecida, todas estas proteínas tienen unas características generales comunes: tienen capacidad de unir nucleótidos de guanina (GTP o GDP), poseen actividad GTPasa intrínseca y necesitan estar unidas a sistemas de membrana para realizar su función.

Las GTPasas de la superfamilia Ras funcionan como interruptores moleculares regulados por la unión al nucleótido GTP o GDP. Existen unas secuencias consensus, llamadas "G box", comunes a todas las proteínas de la superfamilia Ras, en el extremo N-terminal (Takai, Yoshimi et al. 2001). Estas secuencias son las responsables para la interacción con GDP o GTP y para la actividad GTPasa.

Estas pequeñas GTPasas tienen una elevada afinidad por el GDP y el GTP y presentan baja actividad GTPasa intrínseca. El ciclo GDP/GTP está controlado por dos tipos de proteínas reguladoras: Las proteínas intercambiadoras de nucleótidos "GEFs" (Guanine-nucleotide-exchange factors) promueven la formación de la forma activa de la GTPasa unida a GTP (Schmidt, Anja and Hall, Alan 2002) (Mitin, N. et al. 2005) y las proteínas "GAPs" (GTPase-activating proteins) aceleran la hidrólisis del GTP y por tanto aceleran la formación de la forma inactiva de la GTPasa unida a GDP(Bernards, Andre and Settleman, Jeffrey 2005). Las GTPasas de una misma rama de la superfamilia pueden compartir o no diferentes GEFs y GAPs. Las GTPasas de ramas diferentes presentan diferentes GAPs y GEFs en cuanto estructura pero que, mecanísticamente son similares.

El que la GTPasa esté unida a GTP o GDP comporta dos conformaciones similares pero muy distintas en dos regiones muy concretas de la proteína: la Switch I y la Switch II. El cambio conformacional de la proteína unida a GTP posee una elevada afinidad por los efectores. Estos cambios en el Switch I y II son los que permiten a las proteínas reguladoras, GAPs y GEFs y, a las efectoras, sensar el nucleótido al que la GTPasa se encuentra unido. Las proteínas Arf y las proteínas Ran tienen secuencias en el extremo amino y carboxi terminal respectivamente, que también sufren unos cambios conformacionales significativos al estar unidas a GTP o GDP.

En general las GTPasas son activas cuando se encuentran unidas a GTP, pero, para las proteínas Rab, Arf y Ran el estar unidas a GDP comporta también unas determinadas funciones específicas.

La presente tesis se concentra en dos objetivos: el primero, determinar el dominio de unión de K-Ras a Calmodulina, y el segundo, investigar cómo afecta esta interacción a la funcionalidad de K-Ras

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10

Canhoto, Olinda. "Applications of volatile fingerprint sensor arrays for rapid detection of environmental contaminants". Thesis, Cranfield University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1826/919.

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The electronic nose (e-nose) technology has rapidly evolved in the past decade with a range of applications in the food industry, medical diagnosis, and recently environmental monitoring. This is the first time that this technology has been examined in detail for a range of specific environmental applications including: detection of low concentrations of bacterial, fungal and heavy metal contaminants in potable water; analyses of changes in the microbial activity of soil samples amended with heavy metals; and the detection of fungal contaminants in paper samples from library material. In some studies comparisons between different e-nose systems has also been carried out. The e-nose system based on a conducting polymer (CP) sensor array Bloodhound (BH114) was able to detect different bacterial species (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Enterobacter aerogenes), initially inoculated in tap, reverse osmosis and bottled water with a concentration of 102 cells mL-1, after 24 hrs incubation. In the presence of low concentrations (0.5 ppm) of a mixture of heavy metal ions including cadmium, lead and zinc, the volatile pattern produced by the bacterial species was discriminated from that where no metal was added, probably due to a change in the microbial metabolism. The Bloodhound e-nose system was also used to detect fungal spores of Aspergillus fumigatus, Fusarium culmorum and a Penicillium species, inoculated in water samples. The initial concentrations were 102 – 105 spores mL-1. Good discrimination was observed between the control samples after 24 hrs incubation at 25oC. After 48 hrs incubation, it was possible to differentiate between the various spore concentrations present in water samples. Good reproducibility was achieved as results from different days were consistent and data could be pooled and combined for analysis. A comparative study was performed with three e-nose instruments, two of them had CP sensor arrays (Bloodhound (BH-114); Neotronics (eNOSE 4000), and the third was a metal oxide (MO) sensor-based system, the NST 3220. The experiments carried out with the CP based-systems showed similar results when analysing water samples contaminated with 104 and 102 bacterial cells mL-1 after 24 hrs incubation. Both CP and MO based e-nose systems could differentiate control water samples from those contaminated with both bacteria and fungal spores. GC-SPME analyses confirmed the results obtained with the e-nose system of metal ions and bacterial cells in water samples. At-line studies were performed with the MO array-based system (NST 3220), for the detection of contamination episodes. E. coli and P. aeruginosa cells were used as contamination agents for tap and reverse osmosis sterile water, in two concentration levels, 102 and 106 cells mL-1. The samples collected downstream in a simulated watercourse, were analysed by the e-nose over a period of 1-2 hrs. The results suggested the potential of this technique to monitor episodes of bacterial cells at a low concentration in water samples. Experiments performed in soil samples artificially and naturally contaminated with heavy metal ions were analysed with the MO-based e-nose system. Results indicated that for artificially contaminated soil samples, after 40 days incubation the control samples could be discriminated from those containing 3 and 100 ppm of metal ions. For naturally contaminated soils, the sensor array was only able to separate samples containing a high concentrations of metal ions. Headspace analysis of cellulose-based agar showed good discrimination between Aspergillus terreus, A. hollandicus and Eurotium chevallieri, after 20 hrs incubation at 25oC. An increase in the incubation period to 40 hrs resulted in better separation between the control and fungal treatments. In situ studies performed on paper samples suggested that the e-nose was able to discriminate between control samples and paper inoculated with 103 fungal spores mL-1. The substrate was a determinant factor in the headspace analysis of microbial species. It was shown that the same fungal species produced different volatile profiles according to the growth substrate.

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11

Adedapo, Remilekun. "Disinfection By-Product Formation in Drinking Water Treated with Chlorine Following UV Photolysis & UV/H₂O₂". Thesis, University of Waterloo, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10012/919.

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ABSTRACT As far back as the early 1900?s when it was discovered that water could be a mode of transmitting diseases, chlorine was used to disinfect water. In the 1970?s, the formation of disinfection by-products (DBPs) from the reaction of chlorine with natural organic matter was discovered. Since then there have been various studies on alternative disinfectants that could inactivate microorganisms and at the same time form less or no disinfection by-products. More recently the ultraviolet (UV) irradiation has been used to both disinfect and remove organic contaminants in drinking water. Though the use of UV irradiation has been found to be very effective in the inactivation of microorganisms, it does not provide a residual effect to maintain the water?s microbial quality in the distribution system. Due to this, a secondary disinfectant such as chlorine has to be used to achieve microbial stability, suggesting that the formation of chlorination disinfection by-products would still occur but perhaps in different quantities and with different chemical species. In this research, the use of factorial experiments and single factor experiments were used to determine the effects of pH, alkalinity and UV-fluence (dose) on the formation of three classes of disinfection by-products; haloacetic acids (HAAs), haloacetonitriles (HANs) and trihalomethanes (THMs). These disinfection by-products were measured in water samples following post-UV chlorination and the UV treatment was either UV photolysis or UV/H₂O₂. From the factorial experiment results, treatment of synthetic water with UV/H₂O₂, an advanced oxidation process (AOP), produced fewer post-UV chlorination disinfection by-products (PCDBPs) than UV photolysis. For chlorinated PCDBPs, the percentage difference between UV photolysis and UV/H₂O₂ was 55, 65 and 38% for total HAAs (HAA₉), total HANs (THANs) and total THMs (TTHMs) respectively. The percentage difference between UV photolysis and UV/H₂O₂ for brominated PCDBPs was 41 and 42% for HAA9 and TTHMs respectively. Both the use of pH and alkalinity proved to be factors that were significant in affecting the yields of the PCDBPs studied. Increases in alkalinity were found to increase the formation of PCDBPs in the treatment of synthetic water with UV/H₂O₂. Alkalinity had the opposite effect for PCDBP formed under UV photolysis conditions. Increases in pH always decreased the formation of PCDBPs. In the single factor experiments, haloacetic acid concentrations were unaffected as alkalinity was increased but dichloroacetonitrile and chloroform increased in concentration under treatment conditions of UV photolysis followed by chlorination. The UV/H₂O₂ treatment resulted in a decrease in concentration of the PCDBPs. In the pH studies, water samples were subjected only to the UV/H₂O₂ treatments and a reduction in concentration of PCDBPs occurred between pH 7 and 9.

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12

Ponder, Bentley. "Undergraduates' Attitudes Toward the Causes of Poverty and Homelessness: Individualistic or Structural". TopSCHOLAR®, 1995. http://digitalcommons.wku.edu/theses/919.

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The objective of this thesis was to test whether undergraduate students support individualistic, structural or mixed explanations in explaining the causes of poverty and homelessness. The study was undertaken with the assumption that undergraduates would be more likely to use individualistic explanations, rather than structural, as previous poverty perceptional studies had found. A short questionnaire was administered in March and April 1994 to students in a mid-size Southern University. The final sample consisted of 299 students. Cross-tabular analysis, bivariate correlations, and multiple regression were used to analyze the data. Surprisingly, results indicated that students were more likely to support structural explanations for the causes of poverty and homelessness. Race and political identification proved to be the best sociodemographic indicators as to whether the students would support individualistic or structural explanations.

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13

Gatogang, Ballbo Patric. "The economic contribution of trout fly-fishing to the economy of the rhodes region". Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/919.

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Approximately 24 alien fish species, equivalent to 9 percent of all South African freshwater fish species, were introduced and established into South African waters during the 19th and 20th Centuries (Skelton, 2001). Of the 24 species introduced, the Rainbow trout and the Brown trout have over time become South Africa's most widely spread and used freshwater fish species (Bainbridge, Alletson, Davies, Lax and Mills, 2005). The National Environmental Management: Biodiversity Act, no.10 of 2004 has, however, cast considerable doubt on the future of trout as a food source and a recreational fishing resource in South Africa. More specifically, Section 64 of the Act has the following aims: “(a) to prevent the unauthorized introduction and spread of alien species and invasive species to ecosystems and habitats where they do not naturally occur; (b) to manage and control alien species and invasive species to prevent or minimize harm to the environment and to biodiversity in particular; and (c) to eradicate alien species and invasive species from ecosystems and habitats where they may harm such ecosystems or habitats.” The uncertainty surrounding the future of trout in South Africa is mainly underpinned by aim (c) of Section 64 of the Act. Regarding the eradication of trout and in keeping with aim (c) of Section 64 of the Act, three remarks can be made. First, there exists a paucity of published studies which offer validated proof of the impacts which may be ascribed entirely to the introduction of alien trout in South Africa, since no pre-stocking assessments were conducted (Bainbridge et al., 2005). Second, the elimination of trout is feasible in a few limited closed ecosystems, such as small dams, but is highly impractical and untenable from an environmental and cost perspective where open and established river systems are concerned (Bainbridge et al., x 2005). More specifically, there are no efficient or adequate eradication measures which may be used in wide-ranging open ecosystems, which selectively target alien fish species. Moreover, most, if not all, measures have the potential to cause considerable adverse impacts on indigenous aquafaunal species. Finally, the elimination of trout could undermine the tourism appeal of many upper catchment areas in South Africa. The trout fishing industry is well established and is a source of local and foreign income, as well as a job creator in the South African economy (Bainbridge et al., 2005; Hlatswako, 2000; Rogerson, 2002). In particular, the industry provides a two-tier service: first, in food production at the subsistence as well as commercial levels, and second, as an angling resource. Recreational angling, including fly-fishing for trout, is one of the fastest growing tourism attractions in South Africa. Furthermore, the trout fishing industry is sustained and underpinned by a considerable infrastructure consisting of tackle manufacturers and retailers, tourist operators, professional guides, hotels, lodges and B&Bs. The economic case for the trout fishing industry in South Africa has, however, not been convincingly made. The economic benefit provided by trout and trout fly-fishing is priced directly in the market place by expenditures made by fly-fishers, and indirectly in property values, which provide access to fly-fishing opportunities. The benefit of trout and trout fly-fishing can also be valued through non-market valuation techniques. Non-market valuation is used to calculate values for items that are not traded in markets, such as environmental services. There are several non-market valuation methods available to the researcher, namely those based on revealed preference and those based on stated preference. The former includes the hedonic pricing method and the travel cost method, while the latter includes the contingent valuation method and the choice modelling method. Of the available non-market valuation techniques, the travel cost method is the most suitable method for determining the value of trout and the trout fishing industry because travel cost is often the main expenditure incurred. xi The aim of this study is threefold: first, to value the economic contribution of trout and trout fly-fishing to the Rhodes region, North Eastern Cape; second, to determine the willingness-to-pay for a project that entails the rehabilitation and maintenance of trout streams and rivers in and around Rhodes village so as to increase their trout carrying capacity by 10 percent; third, to determine the willingness-to-pay for a project aimed at eradicating trout from streams and rivers in and around Rhodes village so as to prevent trout from harming the indigenous yellowfish habitat. The first aim was achieved by applying the travel cost method, whereas the second and third aims were achieved by applying the contingent valuation method. The study aimed to provide policy makers with information regarding the value of trout fishing in the Rhodes region, so as to create an awareness of the economic trade-offs associated with alien fish eradication. Through the application of the travel cost method, the consumer surplus per trout fly-fishermen was estimated to be R19 677.69, while the total consumer surplus was estimated to be R13 774 384.40. The median willingness-to-pay for a project to rehabilitate trout habitat was estimated to be R248.95, while the total willingness-to-pay amounted to R199 462.20. The median willingness-to-pay for a project to eradicate alien trout from the Rhodes region rivers and streams was estimated to be R41.18, while the total willingness-to-pay amounted to R28 829.36. This study concludes that trout and trout fly-fishing make a valuable economic contribution to the Rhodes region. The extent of the economic benefit provided by trout and trout fly-fishing services in the Rhodes region should be carefully considered in any stream management project.

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14

Yeboah-Forson, Albert. "Hydrogeophysical Characterization of Anisotropy in the Biscayne Aquifer Using Geophysical Methods". FIU Digital Commons, 2013. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/919.

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The anisotropy of the Biscayne Aquifer which serves as the source of potable water for Miami-Dade County was investigated by applying geophysical methods. Electrical resistivity imaging, self potential and ground penetration radar techniques were employed in both regional and site specific studies. In the regional study, electrical anisotropy and resistivity variation with depth were investigated with azimuthal square array measurements at 13 sites. The observed coefficient of electrical anisotropy ranged from 1.01 to 1.36. The general direction of measured anisotropy is uniform for most sites and trends W-E or SE-NW irrespective of depth. Measured electrical properties were used to estimate anisotropic component of the secondary porosity and hydraulic anisotropy which ranged from 1 to 11% and 1.18 to 2.83 respectively. 1-D sounding analysis was used to models the variation of formation resistivity with depth. Resistivities decreased from NW (close to the margins of the everglades) to SE on the shores of Biscayne Bay. Porosity calculated from Archie's law, ranged from 18 to 61% with higher values found along the ridge. Higher anisotropy, porosities and hydraulic conductivities were on the Atlantic Coastal Ridge and lower values at low lying areas west of the ridge. The cause of higher anisotropy and porosity is attributed to higher dissolution rates of the oolitic facies of the Miami Formation composing the ridge. The direction of minimum resistivity from this study is similar to the predevelopment groundwater flow direction indicated in published modeling studies. Detailed investigations were carried out to evaluate higher anisotropy at West Perrine Park located on the ridge and Snapper Creek Municipal well field where the anisotropy trend changes with depth. The higher anisotropy is attributed to the presence of solution cavities oriented in the E-SE direction on the ridge. Similarly, the change in hydraulic anisotropy at the well field might be related to solution cavities, the surface canal and groundwater extraction wells.

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15

Salmeron, Raquel. "Magnetorotational Instability in Protostellar Discs". Physics, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/919.

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Doctor of Philosophy
We investigate the linear growth and vertical structure of the magnetorotational instability (MRI) in weakly ionised, stratified accretion discs. The magnetic field is initially vertical and perturbations have vertical wavevectors only. Solutions are obtained at representative radial locations from the central protostar for different choices of the initial magnetic field strength, sources of ionisation, disc structure and configuration of the conductivity tensor. The MRI is active over a wide range of magnetic field strengths and fluid conditions in low conductivity discs. For the minimum-mass solar nebula model, incorporating cosmic ray and x-ray ionisation and assuming that charges are carried by ions and electrons only, perturbations grow at 1 AU for B < 8G. For a significant subset of these strengths (200mG < B < 5 G), the growth rate is of order the ideal MHD rate (0.75 Omega). Hall conductivity modifies the structure and growth rate of global unstable modes at 1 AU for all magnetic field strengths that support MRI. As a result, at this radius, modes obtained with a full conductivity tensor grow faster and are active over a more extended cross-section of the disc, than perturbations in the ambipolar diffusion limit. For relatively strong fields (e.g. B > 200 mG), ambipolar diffusion alters the envelope shapes of the unstable modes, which peak at an intermediate height, instead of being mostly flat as modes in the Hall limit are in this region of parameter space. Similarly, when cosmic rays are assumed to be excluded from the disc by the winds emitted by the magnetically active protostar, unstable modes grow at this radius for B < 2 G. For strong fields, perturbations exhibit a kink at the height where x-ray ionisation becomes active. Finally, for R = 5 AU (10 AU), unstable modes exist for B < 800 mG (B < 250 mG) and the maximum growth rate is close to the ideal-MHD rate for 20 mG < B < 500 mG (2 mG < B < 50 mG). Similarly, perturbations incorporating Hall conductivity have a higher wavenumber and grow faster than solutions in the ambipolar diffusion limit for B < 100 mG (B < 10 mG). Unstable modes grow even at the midplane for B > 100 mG (B ~ 1 mG), but for weaker fields, a small dead region exists. When a population of 0.1 um grains is assumed to be present, perturbations grow at 10 AU for B < 10 mG. We estimate that the figure for R = 1 AU would be of order 400 mG. We conclude that, despite the low magnetic coupling, the magnetic field is dynamically important for a large range of fluid conditions and field strengths in protostellar discs. An example of such magnetic activity is the generation of MRI unstable modes, which are supported at 1 AU for field strengths up to a few gauss. Hall diffusion largely determines the structure and growth rate of these perturbations for all studied radii. At radii of order 1 AU, in particular, it is crucial to incorporate the full conductivity tensor in the analysis of this instability, and more generally, in studies of the dynamics of astrophysical discs.

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16

Latu, Makelesi. "Talanoa: a contribution to the teaching and learning of Tongan Primary School children in New Zealand". AUT University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10292/919.

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Tongan migrants migrated to New Zealand with specific purposes in mind. One purpose is for Tongan children to gain the benefits of good education that New Zealand has to offer. However, there is a growing concern for Tongan parents and New Zealand teachers and schools about the quality and impact of education Tongan children receive. The study is titled, “Talanoa: A contribution to the teaching and learning of Tongan Primary School children in New Zealand” centres on Tongan parents who are recent migrants from Tonga and have primary school children. The research focuses on alternative approach in teaching and learning pedagogies of Tongan children in New Zealand. The research approach is drawn from Tongan language and cultural practices called talanoa, a communal act of social, political and critical dialogue for a purpose. The methodology is qualitative in design, drawing extensively from Tongan language and culture to research the koloa (values) of talanoa that Tongan parents practise at home. The method of data collection employed is talanoa (critical dialogue) conducted in groups with Tongan parents to capture their perceptions, views and experiences of talanoa in their various homes. In examining this unique context, data is analysed using the Tongan concept koloa. The values of talanoa when explored from the participant’s perspective are more clearly understood. The findings of the study indicate that Tongan migrants’ home practice of talanoa offers a teaching and learning pedagogy which is valued as a best approach in teaching their children. The findings further indicate that talanoa can be extended beyond the homes and into many classroom environments.

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17

Kurian, Habel. "A Markov model for web request prediction". Manhattan, Kan. : Kansas State University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/919.

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18

Salazar, James. "Life cycle assessment case study of North American residential windows". Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/919.

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This thesis is a life cycle assessment (LCA) on three window types commonly available to the North American residential consumer: PVC, fiberglass, and wood covered with an aluminum cladding. The LCA was a case study based on the production of the three windows by a single representative manufacturer of each type. Average transportation distances, commodity systems, maintenance, and service life estimations were used to complete the life cycle inventory model. These inventories were grouped into impact categories and scaled based on IMPACT 2002+ v2.1 characterization and damage factors. The damage modeling results indicated that the life cycle impacts are dominated by the combustion of nonrenewable energy resources. Burning fuels cause increased emissions of respiratory inorganics, terrestrial acidification/nutrification impacts, and global warming. The PVC window's life cycle used the most nonrenewable energy and caused the most damage due to that window's shorter service life, 18 years vs. 25 years for fiberglass and aluminum clad wood. This is despite the fact that PVC requires less energy to produce than the fiberglass. The impacts of the steel reinforcement required to strengthen the PVC window outweigh the benefits of the PVC over the fiberglass. The wood window was negatively affected by the addition of aluminum cladding, which required greater energy to manufacture than the wood component. The sensitivity analysis revealed that replacing the virgin material in aluminum cladding with recycled content improved the life cycle impacts of the wooden window. Using fiberglass or PVC to clad the wood window also improved the environmental performance by reducing energy consumption. The use of cladding materials other than aluminum also prevented the disposal of aluminum into municipal landfills which reduced the aquatic ecotoxicity of the wood window's life cycle. Other potential improvements to the impacts of the three windows' life cycles include improving energy efficiency, particularly during secondary manufacturing.

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19

Chandler, Christopher N. "Blind injustice : Jesus' prophetic warning against unjust judging (Matt 7:1-5)". Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/919.

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This dissertation seeks to provide a plausible alternative to the consensus interpretation of Jesus' "do not judge" teaching in Matt 7:1-5. While the overwhelming majority of recent interpreters understand "do not judge" (7:1) and its concurrent sayings such as "take the log out of your own eye" (7:5) to promote a non-judgmental attitude, this monograph seeks to situate this block of teaching within a Jewish second-Temple judicial setting. To this end, an overview of the judicial system during the second Temple era is provided, after which it is argued that Matt 7:1-5 is the Matthean Jesus' halakhic, midrashic comment upon the laws for just legal judging in Lev 19:15-18, 35-36 by which he prophetically criticizes unjust legal judging. Jesus' brother James takes up this teaching in Jas 2:1-13, using it to exhort Jewish Christian leaders who judge cases within Diaspora synagogues/churches. Such an alternative interpretation of Jesus' "do not judge" teaching in Matt 7:1-5 matches well other passages in Matthew which likewise speak of judicial, brotherly conflict such as 5:21-26 and 18:15-35. Some early Christian writers who quote or allude to Matt 7:1-5 reflect a judicial understanding of these verses as well, often relating Matt 7:1-5 to Lev 19:15-18, 35-36 and/or drawing parallels between Matt 7:1-5 and one or more of the NT judicial texts which, this thesis argues, is related to it (Matt 5:21-26, 18:15-35; Jas 2:1-13).

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20

Paasche, Till Frederik. "The governance of security in the revanchist city : the case of Cape Town, South Africa". Thesis, University of Plymouth, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/919.

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Much has been written on the revanchist city (for example Smith, 1996; MacLeod, 2002; Belina and Helms, 2003) and the reclaiming of space from so-called ‘undesirables‘ through the means of the police. Here, the guiding ideas are policing strategies such as the ‘broken windows syndrome‘ (Kelling and Wilson, 1982) and ‘zero tolerance policing‘ (Giuliani and Bratton, 1994; Beckett and Herbert, 2008; Herbert and Beckett, 2010). However, the role of private security companies in the reclaiming of public space remains under-researched. Using a case study in Cape Town this research gap will be addressed in this study. Conceptualising the thesis through governance and territoriality, it will examine how revanchist ideas of reclaiming space from urban poor and street people lead to exclusionary processes in the quest for sanitised spaces. By taking private security companies out of the environment of mass private property in which they are most commonly studied (Shearing and Stenning, 1983; von Hirsch and Shearing, 2000; Wakefield, 2003), this thesis examines their role and impact on public spaces within the revanchist environment of Cape Town, South Africa. Here, fast and extensive developments in governance as well as in urban life, interwoven with exceptionally high crime rates, have created a flourishing market for private security companies. In this context this thesis examines the case of private policing companies operating in the core public spaces of the city; the research reveals their social ordering function and powers are the same as those usually associated with the public police. Drawing on these insights it is claimed that private policing companies manifest an evolution from private security companies towards the police, and that this continues the pluralisation of the policing landscape. By mapping the privately policed spaces within the case studies and analysing the functions the different governance actors carry out, this thesis also argues that social development actors become part of the policing landscape. Analysing the governance landscape and its close ties to private policing, it is argued that social development is becoming the softer side of policing. Combining effective private policing companies with social development in support of the state reveals that private governance actors are indeed powerful players in public spaces. Drawing on this governance of security and its associated power, the final argument will be that a different kind of public space is being developed. After consideration of the particular history of defunct public spaces in South Africa, it is claimed that no single public space exists anymore, but that we now face different public spaces, characterised through their different norms and rules, and the social groups that use them.

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21

Yaghfouri, Yassir. "Relational leadership in global multistakeholder groups". Thesis, Robert Gordon University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10059/919.

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This doctoral thesis explores relational leadership in global multistakeholder groups. As a complete participant observer, I used grounded theory to investigate relational processes through which leadership is constructed, sustained and deconstructed within a global multistakeholder group. By a global multistakeholder group I mean a group made up of multistakeholder categories from different parts of the world. The research setting is situated within the ISO 26000 Working Group on Social Responsibility (WGSR). The study thereby fills a gap in the leadership literature insofar as there is no substantial body of academic literature on leadership processes within a global multistakeholder setting. The majority of leadership studies have considered leadership from an entity perspective. This study examines leadership from a relational perspective. A relational perspective was more pertinent for such an informal setting with no rigid organisational structure and procedures. In the current thesis, leadership is recognised as a modified form of status (Uhl- Bien, 2006). From this perspective, relational processes are considered as leadership when the social influence that is generated contributes to the emergence of social order and new approaches, attitudes, and goals. The findings show that consensus-building, legitimacy and delegation to groups are significant organising acts and activities of leadership relational processes. Those acts contribute to the emergence, preservation and disbandment of leadership in a global multistakeholder group. The data also reveal the importance of consensus and delegation to groups in maintaining or destabilizing the social order within the setting. This research also offers a theory of delegation to groups in global multistakeholder settings which could be considered as a substantial contribution. The outcomes of this study are a reference point for research on relational leadership in global multistakeholder groups. It is also intended to be a catalyst for more consideration of relational perspectives in leadership. Furthermore, it will enhance greater concern for cultural and regional diversity in the constitution of similar groups in the future. The major challenge has been around identifying the extent that relational processesconstitute leadership. Moreover, studies about dynamic approaches such as relational perspectives are much harder to generalize from but possess greater potential for improving leadership theories and practices.

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22

Hansen, Tessa Louise. "Illegitimacy in the Mid-Victorian Novels of Charles Dickens and Wilkie Collins". Thesis, University of Canterbury. English, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/919.

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The fiction of Dickens and Collins abounds with references to the illegitimate. In the mid-Victorian period there is an increase in illegitimate characters and circumstances which relates both to the topicality of the issue and to events in the authors individual and collaborative private lives. Illegitimacy addresses personal and social anxieties in four major novels of the 1850s and 1860s: Bleak House (1852-53), Little Dorrit (1855-57) by Dickens and The Woman in White (1860) and No Name (1862) by Collins. Dickens analyses illegitimacy in Bleak House psychologically and socially through Esther Summerson, but her narrative reveals contradictions between Dickens challenge of contemporary attitudes towards the illegitimate and his subscription to the moral code behind the views. In Little Dorrit Dickens confines his study of illegitimacy to character in order to examine the psychological consequences of illegitimacy on the individual. The novel suggests that illegitimacy is another form of social and legal imprisonment. In contrast in The Woman in White Collins exploits the sensationalism surrounding illegitimacy by using it to create an exciting plot at the inception of the sensation genre. His suggestion in this novel that bastards are legally blank and able to reconstruct their identity is continued in No Name; this later novel directly challenges the laws defining and controlling illegitimacy. While Collins never matches Dickens integration of social and moral issues into the novel s structure, the older author appreciated Collins strength in creating detective narratives. Illegitimacy was relevant to the private lives of both Dickens and Collins in the period. While the authors always tried to keep their public and private lives separate, their romantic relationships reveal a personal motive for discussing the plight of the illegitimate in their novels. There is a distinct possibility that Dickens had an illegitimate child with his mistress Ellen Ternan while Collins had three illegitimate children with Martha Rudd. The novels articulate the tension between what Dickens and Collins the authors were trying to achieve and what the novels themselves disclose.

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23

Toma, Tahsin Munir. "A model study of negative skin friction on a fixed base pile in soft clay". Thesis, Heriot-Watt University, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10399/919.

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In this research programme, a small-scale laboratory test was carried out to investigate the phenomenon of negative skin friction through studying the interaction between a pile and the surrounding soil and to obtain, by means of an instrumented 50mm diameter model pile, an expression for the magnitude and distribution of negative skin friction for an end-bearing pile in soft clay. The programme included measurements of pore water pressures using miniature piezometers, both vertically along the pile shaft and laterally from it, as the pattern of dissipation of this pressure controls the distribution of negative skin friction along pile length at any given time. Two testing programmes were conducted. Each testing programme consisted of applying load increments on the soil up to 90 kPa as surcharge pressures. Pore pressures, settlements and pile loads were monitored until 90% consolidation had been achieved. From test results, expressions relating the surcharge pressure and soil shear strength with the developed negative skin friction have been established. The study has been extended to include predictions of negative skin friction and pore water pressures by the use of Numerical Methods such as the Finite Element Method and the Finite Difference Method. Results obtained by these methods have been compared with those measured.

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24

Kieft, Geke. "Factoren die de werktevredenheid van de vrouwelijke onderwijzer in de primaire school beïnvloeden / door Geke Kieft". Thesis, North-West University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/919.

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This research is about the factors that influence job satisfaction amongst female teachers in primary schools. Three goals have been set: 1. To determine the nature of job satisfaction from the literature. 2. To determine the factors that influence female teachers' job satisfaction from the literature. 3. To determine through empirical research to what extent female teachers experience job satisfaction and which factors influence her job satisfaction. After the nature of job satisfaction was determined from the literature as well as the factors that influence job satisfaction, a questionnaire has been developed. From the literature overview it appears that the factors that influence job satisfaction can be divided in four categories: factors within the person, factors within the classroom, factors within the work situation and factors within the community. The population consists of female teachers, working at primary schools in the Potchefstroom District. All women, working at post level 1, at schools with 500 or more learners have been asked to contribute to this research. The empirical part of the research showed that the factors within the work situation influence job satisfaction most, the factors outside of the classroom. The low payment is one of the factors that contribute to teachers' job dissatisfaction. The relationship to learners, parents and principals also influences the job satisfaction of the female teachers. Less important for female teachers at primary schools is the fact that the family would be a barrier for their promotion. Intimidation by learners in the school is not an influential factor either. Female teachers working at schools attended by predominantly black learners experience less job satisfaction than their colleagues working at schools attended by predominantly white learners
Thesis (M.Ed.)--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2005.

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25

Kesselman, Andor. "Open Source and Electronic Voting: A New Strategy Toward Technical Procurement for Voting Systems". Scholarship @ Claremont, 2014. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/919.

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Direct Recording Electronic Voting Systems (DRE) are some of the most popular forms of electronic voting and yet they are riddled with problems. Current voting systems are poorly designed and migration to newer software can be costly. Inadequate software solutions in voting systems have led to security flaws, bad tabulation, and partisan software design. As government proceeds into an increasingly sophisticated era of voting technology, it needs to consider a better platform. This thesis explores the government procurement strategy associated with modern Direct Recording Electronic Voting Systems. The thesis argues that governments should adopt an open source solution (OSS) for future IT acquisition of voting systems. Adopting an open source solution not only provides practical advantages such as better software design, cheaper implementation, and avoidance of vendor lock-in, but also proposes that OSS provides a strong foundation for future IT policy. Open source’s strength in transparency provides a key factor in voting system design. The thesis recommends that governments adopt a four part strategy for future OSS adoption with voting system. 1) Approve an independent, pro-OSS certification organization that works closely with the U.S Election Assistance Commission, National Institute of Standards and Technology, and other system organizations to create the optimal voting systems guidelines. 2) Update FAR requirements to greater accommodate open source procurement policy. 3) Assist local and state jurisdictions to acquire OSS for DRE machines. 4) Promote open source business strategy by hiring vendors for system integration and analysis This thesis contends that these four policies will improve the electronic voting experience and allow for better future innovation and adoption IT strategies.

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26

Brooks, Valerie Ann. "In two minds : cognitive and linguistic skills used by children with normal language and a specific impairment of language to understand and resolve ambivalent emotion". Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10443/919.

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Background: Specific language impaired (SLI) children are at risk of emotionalbehavioural difficulties yet few studies have examined the part played by language Method: Cognitive-linguistic skills required by typically developing and SLI children to understand emotional ambivalence were investigated in three related studies using Donaldson and Westerman's 1986 methodology. This American study required children to answer questions related to stories evoking emotional ambivalence: The Puppy Story (love/anger); The Kitten Story (sad/happy). First study results replicated American findings on British subjects. The second study identified 5 cognitive-linguistic devices used by 32 typically developing children (7 - 11 years) when resolving two different types of ambiguity: emotional ambivalence and linguistic ambiguity (The Puppy Story/The Twins Story): mental role play (subjects answered questions in the character of the story protagonist), mime, metaphor, personal experience, folk psychology. Responses were analysed for expressive language performance/discourse errors. Differences were interpreted as differences in the cognitive demands of the tasks. Results: Children used different cognitive-linguistic devices resolving the two types of ambiguity. Girls became more specific in their use of cognitive-linguistic devices when answering questions relating to emotions. Children found linguistic ambiguity easier than emotional ambivalence to resolve showing that it was the emotional content not the ambiguity which created the difference in cognitive and linguistic stress. The third study compared 4 SLI children's responses to ambivalent emotion (Puppy Story) with those of the typically developing children. The Kitten Story was presented with pictures to support language skills. Results: SLI children's responses were less mature and atypical compared to language normal children's ability to understand ambivalent emotion and use cognitive-linguistic devices. The use of pictures did not help the children. Conclusions: Mental role play represents the gradual internalisation of empathy required for understanding emotional ambivalence which was lacking from the SLI children's data. Atypical metaphor use reflected the SLI children's inability to conceptualise the confusion inherent in contradictory emotions.

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27

You, Zhen. "New Catalytic Enantioselective Functionalizations of Alcohols through Silylation and Tosylation". Thesis, Boston College, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2345/919.

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Thesis advisor: Marc L. Snapper
A survey of silicon-based reactions and potential for Lewis base catalysis was presented. An efficient site- and enantioselective catalytic silylation of triols is disclosed. The protocol is applied to total syntheses of cleroindicins D, F and C. Catalytic kinetic resolution of β-hydroxyketones is disclosed. A readily available amino acid-based catalyst promotes the kinetic resolution with high efficiency. A presentation of catalytic enantioselective tosylation of syn-1,2-diols is disclosed
Thesis (PhD) — Boston College, 2009
Submitted to: Boston College. Graduate School of Arts and Sciences
Discipline: Chemistry

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28

Khaki, Imraan. "Housing in South Africa : the challenge to provide sustainable, integrated, affordable housing". Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/919.

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Thesis (MBA (Business Management))--University of Stellenbosch, 2009.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Section 26 of the Constitution of South Africa states that all South Africans should have the basic right of access to adequate housing. The task of housing the people of South Africa is the responsibility of the state, who is empowered to utilize all legislative and economic resources at its disposal, in order to achieve this right to housing in all forms. Though the state has mobilised resources and manpower to achieve these objectives, many challenges remain in the facilitation and provision of adequate affordable housing. These challenges relate to the understanding of the complex legislative systems and mechanisms governing the delivery of housing in this country. The functions of various tiers of government and the interventions designed to alleviate the housing backlog are increasingly becoming less effective. The involvement of the private sector in the delivery of sustainable integrated affordable housing is therefore crucial as this enormous challenge cannot be achieved by the government alone. These challenges are numerous and diverse and this study highlights the main structural issues to which both the public and private sectors are exposed to. This relates to availability of land, affordability, subsidy constraints, access to funding and the limitations of development planning. The aim of this study is to determine how this range of challenges is affecting the delivery of sustainable integrated affordable housing. A survey of leading developers in the Western Cape has been conducted to determine the main factors which are retarding and hampering progress. The findings of the study reveals that government interventions in the housing sector though marginally progressive, are not conducive to alleviating the structural problems in this environment. As a result the ability of private sector developers to perform in this market is eroded due to the unsustainable and complex problems associated with this environment. As the need for housing grows, a greater awareness and understanding of the problems and challenges associated with the delivery of sustainable integrated affordable housing is needed to provide a platform for the creation of adequate housing in this country. AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Artikel 26 van die Grondwet van Suid-Afrika stel dat alle Suid-Afrikaners die reg op toegang tot geskikte behuising het. Die taak van die behuising van die mense van Suid-Afrika is die verantwoordelikheid van die staat, wat toegerus is om alle wetgewende en ekonomiese hulpbronne tot sy beskikking te gebruik om hierdie reg tot behuising in al sy vorme te verwesenlik. Alhoewel die staat hulpbronne en mannekrag gemobiliseer het om hierdie doelwitte te bereik, bestaan daar steeds vele uitdagings in die fasilitering en verskaffing van geskikte en bekostigbare behuising. Hierdie uitdagings het betrekking op die begrip van die komplekse wetgewende stelsels en meganismes wat die lewering van behuising in hierdie land beheer. Die funksies van verskeie vlakke van regering en die intervensies wat ontwerp is om die behuisingsagterstand te verlig, raak al hoe minder effektief. Die betrokkenheid van die privaatsektor in die lewering van volhoubare, geïntegreerde en bekostigbare behuising is kritiek omdat die regering nie hierdie enorme uitdaging alleen kan verrig nie. Die uitdagings is talryk en divers, en hierdie studie werp lig op die vernaamste strukturele kwessies waaraan beide die openbare en privaatsektore blootgestel word. Dit het betrekking op die beskikbaarheid van grond, bekostigbaarheid, subsidiebeperkings, toegang tot befondsing en die tekortkominge van ontwikkelingsbeplanning. Die doel van hierdie studie is om vas te stel hoe hierdie reeks uitdagings die lewering van volhoubare, geïntegreerde en bekostigbare behuising affekteer. ’n Opname van toonaangewende ontwikkelaars in die Wes-Kaap is gemaak om vas te stel wat die hooffaktore is wat vordering vertraag en belemmer. Die bevindinge van die studie onthul dat regeringsintervensies in die behuisingsektor, hoewel marginaal progressief, nie bevorderlik is vir die verligting van strukturele probleme in hierdie omgewing nie. Gevolglik word die vermoë van die privaatsektor-ontwikkelaars om in hierdie mark te slaag, verweer weens die onvolhoubaarheid en komplekse probleme wat met hierdie omgewing gepaard gaan. Soos die behoefte aan behuising groei, word ’n groter bewustheid en beter begrip van die probleme en uitdagings, wat gepaard gaan met die lewering van volhoubare, geïntegreerde behuising, benodig om ’n platform daar te stel vir die skepping van geskikte behuising in hierdie land.

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29

Wicker-Wright, Debora D. "Teaching the Writing Process Through Computers As An Early Intervention To Third Graders In A Nine Month Elementary School". NSUWorks, 1994. http://nsuworks.nova.edu/gscis_etd/919.

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This dissertation investigated whether computer assisted instruction improves vocabulary, spelling, style, logical sentences, sentence combining thematic maturity, contextual vocabulary, syntactic maturity, contextual spelling, and contextual style when compared to traditional writing instruction. Two groups were used in the study. One group used computer-assisted instruction and the other did not. The questions investigated were, did the computer assisted instruction group show a significant improvement and second, was that improvement significantly larger than that of the traditional writing instruction group. The research hypotheses of this study were not supported. There was not sufficient evidence to conclude that the computer-assisted instruction group showed an improvement and that improvement was higher more than that of the traditional writing instruction group. There were possible reasons why the research hypotheses of this study were not supported. The subjects in the computer-assisted instruction group were not proficient at using the keyboard before entering the study. The subjects in the computer assisted instruction group were frustrated from the lack of keyboarding skills. They seemed to have difficulty looking at the keyboard, their hands, and the screen while they were word processing. The subjects ‘eye hand coordination may have limited their keyboarding skills. There may not have been sufficient time to have the desire affect. The study intervention was for a short time. Only 15 hours were planned. During the posttest section of the study, the subjects in the computer-assisted instruction group and the traditional writing instruction group were fatigued from taking The Test of Written Language - Second Edition (Form B), the Clark County School District new version of the Criterion Reference Test, and the Clark County School District old version of the Criterion Reference Test. The fatigue problem may have had an effect or reduced assisted instruction group were frustrated from the lack of keyboarding skills. They seemed to have difficulty looking at the keyboard, their hands, and the screen while they were word processing. The subjects'eye hand coordination may have limited their keyboarding skills. There may not have been sufficient time to have the desire affect. The study intervention was for a short time. Only 15 hours were planned. During the posttest section of the study, the subjects in the computer-assisted instruction group and the traditional writing instruction group were fatigued from taking The Test of Written Language - Second Edition (Form B), the Clark County School District new version of the Criterion Reference Test, and the Clark County School District old version of the Criterion Reference Test. The fatigue problem may have had an effect or reduced

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30

Das, Nabakrishna. "The Influence of Individual Factors on Web-based Developmental Education Course Success in a Two-year Technical College". ScholarWorks@UNO, 2009. http://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/919.

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This study was designed to identify and examine certain individual factors that contribute to Louisiana Technical College (LTC) student success in Web-based developmental education (DE) courses among the academically underprepared students. The independent variables (IV) selected for this study included students' prior academic preparation (PAP), comfort with technology (CWT), interaction with faculty (IWF), and motivation (MOT). The dependent variable (DV) was studentsâ€™ course success measured by their mid-term scores (MTSCORE). Research methodologies included correlational statistics using multiple and logistic regression, and t-test for group comparisons. Data were gathered through an online survey using SurveyMonkey.com from the DE students at LTC that use PLATO Web Learning Network using a survey instrument (WBLSS) designed by the researcher for this study. The study found two predictor variables, IWF and PAP, to be statistically significant and two variables, MOT and CWT, statistically not significant. Based on the IVs' combined identified relationship with the DV, the researcher designed a predictive model of LTC students' course success in Web-based DE courses. The model employed in this study explained 17% of the variance in the MTSCORE. For many academically underprepared students at LTC, college and career success first depend on their success in the DE courses. Therefore, identifying individual characteristics related to course success is the key to building academic success models for underprepared students at two-year colleges like the LTC.

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31

Coram, Shanisha. "The Question of Remilitarization: Is Japan's Pacifist Nature in Danger of Reform". Scholarship @ Claremont, 2017. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/scripps_theses/919.

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Abstract (sommario):

Though Article 9 has not been revised since it was implemented in 1947, the past two decades have seen an increase in Japanese military capability due to the government’s loose interpretation of Article 9 and its limitations to allow for Japanese involvement in collective security operations internationally. As a result, a number of Japanese political scholars and newspapers have projected the possibility of not only Japanese constitutional revision but also the re-militarization of Japan as well. Interested in finding out whether or not this projection has any likelihood of success in the future, I have posed the following question: Why has the constitution and the pacifism that it enshrines been so resistant to change despite a changing political context, and does the increase of Japanese public support for constitutional revision necessarily mean re-militarization for Japan? Taking a constructivist approach, I will argue that although pro-constitutional revision forces in Japan have tried to use fear politics and the revival of a Japanese “national spirit” to promote constitutional revision and ultimately re-militarization, the Japanese public has been relatively unreceptive to their ploy due to the integration of pacifism into the Japanese collective identity.

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32

Rodrigues, João Manuel Pereira. "Especificação de um modelo hedónico de preços de habitação para Portugal". Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/919.

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Abstract (sommario):

Mestrado em Gestão e Avaliação Imobiliária
A teoria dos preços hedónicos tem aplicação prática no estudo de mercados implícitos, nos quais são transaccionados bens heterogéneos. Estes bens resultam da combinação de um conjunto de bens homogéneos, cujas características são bem identificadas pelos consumidores e produtores, mas para os quais não há um mercado específico, pelo que os consumidores não os podem adquirir isoladamente estando, por isso, limitados à aquisição conjunta de diferentes combinações de atributos, por um preço global. A habitação é um exemplo claro de um bem heterogéneo. No presente trabalho de dissertação, faz-se a aplicação da teoria dos preços hedónicos ao estudo dos preços no mercado da habitação, no território de Portugal continental. Para o efeito recorre-se exclusivamente a informação que, fruto da crescente utilização e divulgação da informática e em particular da Internet, se encontra actualmente disponível em portais especializados do imobiliário. Apresentam-se os resultados e as conclusões que decorrem desta abordagem.
The theory of the hedonic prices has practical application in the study of implicit markets, in which are traded heterogenous goods. These goods are the result from the combination of homogenous goods, whose attributes are well identified by the consumers and producers, but for which there is not a specific market, therefore the consumers cannot acquire them separately, being, by that, limited to the combined acquisition of bundles of characteristics, for a global price. Housing is a clear example of a heterogenous good. In the present work of dissertation, the theory of the hedonic prices is applied to the study of the prices in the housing market, in the territory of Portugal continental. For this purpose, as result of the growing utilization and disclosure of data processing and in specific of the Internet, information currently available in web sites specialized in real estate is used. The results and the conclusions that elapse from this approach are presented.

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33

Silva, Fernando. "Análise do clima e cultura organizacional no Banco Comercial Português". Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Psicologia Aplicada, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.12/919.

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34

Fernandes, Marta Helena Teixeira. "Tuberculose nosocomial". Master's thesis, Universidade da Beira Interior, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.6/919.

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A tuberculose nosocomial, definida como a infecção tuberculosa adquirida por doentes ou profissionais de saúde, numa instituição de saúde como resultado da prestação de cuidados constitui hoje em dia um problema importante. As alterações na apresentação não só pelo facto de o doente de hoje ser mais debilitado mas também pela co-existência com o vírus da imunodeficiência humana, dificultam o diagnóstico e portanto facilitam a transmissão. O risco dos profissionais de saúde depende geralmente dos mesmos factores dos doentes em meio hospitalar, podendo estar aumentada pela frequência, duração e intensidade da exposição e ainda com as funções e locais de trabalho. Visto que Portugal permanece com uma das taxas mais elevadas de tuberculose na União Europeia, os nossos profissionais de saúde também se encontram em maior risco. Para melhor prevenir esta infecção a nível hospitalar, o “center for disease control and prevention” publicou em 1990 as primeiras linhas de orientação, as quais foram reforçadas em 1993/1994 pela “occupational safety and health administration”. Em Portugal as normas existentes baseiam-se nestas linhas orientadoras designando-as “Recomendações para a prevenção da transmissão da tuberculose nos serviços de saúde”. Infelizmente estas normas nem sempre são cumpridas, não só porque os hospitais nem sempre têm condições para tal como pelo facto de os profissionais de saúde não estarem sensibilizados nem informados para a importância do cumprimento de tais normas. É importante assim rever as normas existentes, saber o que tem vindo a ser feito no nosso país e nos nossos hospitais e entender que pontos é que podem ser melhorados e onde se deve intervir.
The nosocomial tuberculosis, defined as tuberculosis infection gained by patients or occupational health care, in a health care institution resulting from care of patients is, now a day an important problem. The alterations on the presentation not only because de patient is now a day more impaired but also by the co-existence of the human immunodeficiency virus, make the diagnosis harder and, so, make the transmission easier. The health care workers risk depends normally the same factors than the patients in hospital environment, being increased by the frequency, duration, intensity of the exposition and related with the functions and place of work. As Portugal remains with the highest rates of tuberculosis in European Union, our health care workers also are in higher risk. To better prevent the hospital infection, the “center for disease control and prevention” published in 1990 the first guidelines, that was strengthen in 1993/1994 by “occupational safety and health administration”. In Portugal the existent guidelines are based in those guidelines named “Recomendações para a prevenção da tuberculose nos serviços de saúde”. Unfortunately this guidelines aren’t always obeyed, not only because the lack of conditions of the hospitals but also because the health care workers aren’t sensitized neither informed to the importance of respect this guidelines. So, It is important review the existent guidelines, to know what has been done in our country and in our hospital and to understand the points that can be improved and where we should intervene.

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Ribeiro, Maria Isabel. "Construção de um modelo da procura para o ensino superior agrário em Portugal". Doctoral thesis, Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10198/919.

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A construção de um modelo para a procura do ensino superior agrário é o principal objectivo deste trabalho. Para o atingir, foram inquiridos os alunos que se inscreveram pela primeira vez nos cursos agrários ou de outras áreas afins, no primeiro ano do ano lectivo de 2003/2004. Os primeiros cinco capítulos deste trabalho servem o propósito de enquadramento teórico do ensino superior agrário. Neles, faz-se referência à sua origem e evolução, sendo, também, focados aspectos relacionados com a procura e a oferta e a sua evolução ao longo do período de 1992-2003. Para além disso, a revisão da literatura aborda os modelos de procura do ensino superior a nível internacional e nacional. O sexto capítulo diz respeito à metodologia utilizada nesta investigação; aos processos e testes estatísticos a que irão ser submetidos os dados; e, ao modelo e hipóteses que irão ser testadas. No sétimo capítulo, procede-se à caracterização da população em estudo com recurso à estatística descritiva. Para isso, foram constituídos dois grupos tendo por base o tipo de ensino, designadamente, o ensino universitário e o ensino politécnico. No oitavo capítulo apresentam-se os resultados e procede-se à sua análise. Para o tratamento dos dados recorreu-se a várias técnicas estatísticas, nomeadamente, análise bivariada, análise factorial e à aplicação do modelo logit de escolha binária. No último capítulo, para além de se mencionarem as principais ilações que se retiraram da análise dos resultados, faz-se referência a eventuais linhas de investigação futura. Através da estimação do modelo logit de escolha binária foram identificados como determinantes na decisão de escolha do tipo de ensino, factores pessoais como a idade e os modos de vida e valores; factores de desempenho e académicos, nomeadamente, a nota de acesso, os motivos de candidatura ao ensino superior e as atitudes perante o trabalho e os estudos; factores contextuais, designadamente, o facto do indivíduo viver com os pais, a notoriedade da instituição, a existência de maior número de vagas; e, finalmente, factores sócio-económicos como o nível de rendimento. Por outro lado, foram identificados como determinantes na decisão de escolha do binómio curso/instituição factores contextuais, designadamente, a maior probabilidade de entrar no curso e a preparação generalista; factores pessoais relacionados com a informação que o indivíduo possuía no acto da candidatura; factores de desempenho, nomeadamente, a nota de acesso ao ensino superior; e, por fim, factores académicos como a opinião de que “as instituições de ensino superior são locais de aprendizagem e de saber”.
The construction of an agrarian higher education demand model is the main objective of this work. To pursuit this objective, the students in the agrarian courses or other similar areas were inquired. These students enrolled for the first time, in the first year, during 2003/2004, in the higher education system. The first five chapters of this work intend to contextualize the agrarian higher education. Therefore, it is made reference to the origin and evolution, related aspects concerning the demand and supply during 1992-2003. In addition, the literature revision approaches the higher education demand models at international and national level. In the chapter VII a descriptive analyses of the data was conducted. The result of such analysis allows characterizing the population in study. Given the dual nature of the Portuguese higher education system, the analysis included the study of each sub-system, namely, the university system and the polytechnic system. In the chapter VIII, the results of data treatment are presented and analyzed. The data treatment used statistical techniques, namely, bivariate analysis, factorial analysis and the application of logit model of binary choice. Finally, in chapter VIII is made reference to main conclusions found during analysis results, and to future investigation lines. Data treatment included several statistical tests and the estimation of a logit model of binary choice. Regarding the decision choice about the education type (university or polytechnic), the estimation results identified as determinant factors: personal factors like age, culture and values; academic performance factors, namely, access note, reasons to the higher education application, and attitudes about work and study; contextual factors, particularly, the individual lives with they parents, the institution reputation, the existence of larger supply, and the major probability of entering in the degree course; and, finally, social and economics factors as income level. On the other hand, results on decision choice about degree course/institution identified some determinant factors, namely, contextual factors like major probability of entering in the degree course, and the degree course generic training; personal factors related with ownership information in the application moment; performance factors, namely, access note and application figures to higher education and; finally, academic factors as the opinion that “The higher education institutions are local of learning and of knowing”.

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36

Alvarez, Salazar Evelyn Katy. "Estudio comparativo de la actividad moduladora del extracto metanólico de cuatro ecotipos de Lepidium peruvianum Chacón (maca) sobre la respuesta inmune humoral y celular en ratones". Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2008. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12672/919.

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Lepidium peruvianum (maca), es un cultivo tradicional de los Andes Centrales del Perú y es empleada desde tiempos precolombinos como una planta medicinal y alimenticia. Los cultivares de maca se diferencian por el color externo de la raíz denominándose a cada uno como ecotipo. Estudios anteriores reportaron que los diferentes ecotipos de maca presentan diferencias en cuanto a su actividad biológica. Los objetivos del presente estudio fueron: Determinar la concentración de flavonoides, calcio y hierro en el extracto metanólico (EM) de los ecotipos blanco, morado, rojo y negro; comprobar la actividad moduladora del EM de los ecotipos blanco, morado, rojo y negro sobre la respuesta inmune humoral in vivo frente a los glóbulos rojos de carnero (GRC) en animales normales e inmunosuprimidos con ciclofosfamida (CF), así como su efecto sobre el peso y celularidad de los órganos linfoides y recuento de las células sanguíneas. Finalmente, determinar la producción de óxido nítrico (ON) por macrófagos peritoneales cultivados con el EM de los ecotipos seleccionados.
--- Lepidium peruvianum (maca) is a traditional crop in the Central Andes from Peru, it is well-known and employee from pre-Columbian times as a medicinal and nutritional plant. Maca is presented in different ecotypes according to colors of its roots. Previous studies reported that the different ecotypes from maca display differences in their biological activity. The objectives of the present study were: To determine flavonoids, calcium and iron concentration in methanolic extract (EM) of white, purple, red and black ecotypes, to verify the modulatory activity of the methanolic extract of the white, purple, red and black ecotypes on the humoral immune response in mice to sheep red blood cells (SRBC) in normal and inmunosuppressed animals with cyclophosphamide (CP), as well as its effect on the weight and cellularity of the lynphoid organs and peripheral blood cell count. Finally to evaluate the activity of the methanolic extracts of the selected ecotypes on the nitric oxide (NO) production by peritoneal macrophages.
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37

Erdogan, Innocentia Gugulethu. "Treatment of softdrink industry wastewater using an integrated anaerobic/aerobic membrane bioreactor". Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/919.

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Thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree Master of Technologae: Chemical Engineering in the Faculty of Engineering at the CAPE PENINSULA UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY 2014
Most softdrink industries in developing countries are moving towards wastewater reuse or recycling. Water and wastewater reutilization, costs of treatment and disposal guidelines, remain the most critical factors for the development of sustainable water use for softdrink industries. Wastewater reuse or recycle has potential in the softdrink industry, depending on the wastewater characteristics’ concentration and volume. During this study, an integrated laboratory scale anaerobic/aerobic sidestream membrane bioreactor (MBR) system was used for treating softdrink industry wastewater (SDIW). The aim was to evaluate the system’s performance, and identify potential opportunities to recycle the water, and therefore reduce freshwater intake and minimise wastewater production. The objectives were to: evaluate: 1) treatment efficiencies for the individual stages; 2) biogas production in the anaerobic stage; and 3) the overall performance of the integrated system under different operating conditions. The SDIW used in this study was classified as medium to high strength wastewater with a total chemical oxygen demand (CODt) ranging between 2 242 and 11 717 mg/L and a biological oxygen demand (BOD) of up to 1 150 mg/L. The major pollutants in the SDIW were caustic soda; dissolved sugars, namely fructose (1 071 mg/L) and sucrose (6 900 mg/L); with the pH ranging between 6.1 and 12. The SDIW was characterized by total suspended solids (TSS) of 66 mg/L, as well as fats, oils and greases (FOG) of 40 mg/L. The maximum turbidity and colour was 65.3 NTU and 42 mg Pt/L, respectively. All the physiochemical properties and inorganic parameters were within the within the City of Cape Town’s (CCT’s) industrial wastewater quality discharge standards by-law (South Africa, 2006). Excluding the total dissolved solids (TDS) and electrical conductivity (EC) with maximum values were 1 050 mg/L and 1 483 μS/cm, respectively. Anaerobic pre-treatment of this SDIW was studied using a laboratory-scale expanded granular sludge bed (EGSB) reactor maintained at mesophilic temperature of between 35 to 37˚C. An organic loading rate (OLR), upflow velocity (Vup) and hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 10.9 kg COD/m3d, 0.85 m/h and ~11.8 h, respectively, resulting in COD treatment efficiencies of up to 93% CODt. An increase in nitrate (NO3-) in the EGSB product stream was an indication of an anaerobic ammonium (NH4+) oxidation (ANAMMOX) process. Anaerobic digestion (AD) of SDIW in the EGSB resulted in biogas production with methane (CH4), carbon dioxide (CO2), nitrogen (N2), and oxygen (O2), concentrations of up to 70%, 11%, 14.8%, and 4.1%, respectively. At the OLR and Vup of 10.9 kg COD/m3d and 0.85 m/h, respectively, the EGSB produced 16.7 L/d of biogas. The EGSB anaerobic pre-treatment resulted in stable treatment efficiencies for the removal of organic constituents, as well as biogas production without adding an external carbon source. The MBR post-treatment satisfactorily operated at a feed flowrate of up to 33.7 L/d, OLR of 2.3 and 3.1 kg COD/m3d for the anoxic and aerobic zones, respectively, and an HRT of approximately 0.41 h for both zones. The average CODt removal achieved was 86%. The dissolved oxygen (DO) concentration of 2.1 mg/L in the anoxic zone combined with an aeration rate and DO concentration of 11.8 L/min and 5.7 mg/L, in the aerobic zone resulted in NH4+; NO3-; and orthophosphate (PO43-), removal rates up to 90%; 55% and 39%, respectively. However, the MBR post-treatment did not decrease the orthophosphate concentration to within the SANS 241:2011 drinking water standards. The integrated EGSB-MBR treatment for SDIW was able to achieve an overall CODt removal efficiency of up to 94%. Although the MBR performance was successful the EC, TDS, PO43-, and colour concentrations in the ultrafiltration (UF) permeate did not meet the CCT’s industrial wastewater standards by-law (2006) as well as the SANS’ drinking water standards 241:2011 and required further treatment for reuse.

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38

Brown, Elizabeth. "Ambitious Young Woman". Digital Commons at Loyola Marymount University and Loyola Law School, 2020. https://digitalcommons.lmu.edu/etd/919.

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Ambitious Young Woman is an hour-long dramedy layered with warmth, gravitas, and humor. With dialogue that flies by at the speed of light and a protagonist we would walk into battle with, heart and goodwill lie at the center of the series. While the premise centers around politics on a university campus, the ramifications of the students’ actions will ripple across the entire nation. Staunch liberals of Gen Z are our heroes and they give no mercy when pursuing their progressive ideals. However, it is their evolution from young men and women into adulthood that we’re returning week-to-week for. Even as they bring down the conservative bastions of ‘The Baby Boomers’, it is the characters interpersonal lives that bring about the greatest intrigue.

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39

Cabral, Ana Maria Pina. "Descritores biológicos num gradiente de enriquecimento orgânico". Master's thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/919.

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Mestrado em Toxicologia
Este estudo teve como objectivo avaliar os efeitos do efluente de origem doméstica eliminado através do emissário submarino da Guia no ambiente marinho receptor. Foram recolhidas, em Julho de 2005, amostras em três locais (L1, L2 e L3) na vizinhança do emissário submarino, para a caracterização físico-química dos sedimentos e para o estudo da estrutura da comunidade macrobentónica. L1 localiza-se entre os dois ramos do emissário perto da área de difusão do efluente, enquanto que L2 e L3 distam daquele em 2 e 3 km, respectivamente. Verificou-se que os sedimentos superficiais da área de estudo são de areia fina com um baixo conteúdo em finos e sem sinais de ocorrer a acumulação de sólidos voláteis totais na zona de difusão dos efluentes. O valor mais baixo de Eh (-28mV) foi determinado no local de amostragem mais próximo dos difusores (L1). Na caracterização da macrofauna bentónica foram recolhidas, no conjunto dos três locais de amostragem, 122 espécies e cerca de 5800 indivíduos que apresentaram uma biomassa total de cerca de 220g. Verificou-se que a abundância e a biomassa decresceram com a distância ao emissário enquanto que a riqueza em espécies e o índice de diversidade de Shannon- Wiener aumentaram neste sentido. Em L1 dominaram em termos de abundância e de biomassa espécies oportunistas (Capitella spp. e Nassarius reticulatus, respectivamente) que contribuíram em mais de 70% para a abundância e em mais de 48% para a biomassa daquele local. A abundância destas espécies diminuiu com a distância ao emissário sendo em L3 o complexo Capitella spp. substituído por Hyalinoecia bileneata considerada uma espécie típica daquela zona costeira. Também as curvas de dominância da abundância e da biomassa (curvas ABC) sugerem a presença de uma comunidade macrobentónica moderadamente perturbada em L1 diminuindo a evidência da perturbação à medida que a distância ao emissário aumenta. Estes resultados suportam a hipótese de que a perturbação desta comunidade se deve ao enriquecimento orgânico associado ao funcionamento do emissário submarino. Nos mesmos locais de amostragem eterminaram-se os níveis de imposex em Nassarius reticulatus. Não se observaram diferenças significativas entre os valores de comprimento de pénis (FPL) e de comprimento relativo de pénis (RPLI) nos três locais de amostragem, os quais variaram entre 0,093 e 0,124 e, entre 0,871 e 1,202, respectivamente. No entanto, verificou-se que o índice de sequência do vaso deferente (VDSI) e a percentagem de fêmeas afectadas por imposex % I aumentaram significativamente com a distância ao emissário (ANOVA: F= 34.9; P <0.001 para VDSI; F= 40,4; P <0,001 para % I). O VDSI variou entre 0,418 e 0,842 enquanto que a % I variou entre 40,53 e 70,25%. Colocou-se a hipótese de que o gradiente de intensidade de imposex acima descrito se poderia dever à acção de compostos estrogénicos eventualmente presentes no efluente. Para testar esta hipótese realizaram-se ensaios laboratoriais para avaliar o efeito de uma mistura de compostos com actividade estrogénica (MCAE), geralmente presentes em águas residuais domésticas, no desenvolvimento de imposex. Para tal, expuseram-se fêmeas de N. reticulatus a tributilestanho (TBT) e a TBT (250 ng Sn-TBT/L) com concentrações crescentes de MCAE (composta por 17 β-estradiol, 17α- etinilestradiol, estrona e nonilfenol). Verificou-se, conforme esperado, que o TBT induz o desenvolvimento de imposex em todos os tratamentos em que foi introduzido mas não houve alterações significativas nos níveis daquele parâmetro na presença de MCAE, indicando que aqueles compostos estrogénicos, nas condições experimentais utilizadas, não interferem no desenvolvimento de imposex. ABSTRACT: This study aims to assess the effects of screened but untreated sewage from a major city, discharged to the marine environment via an offshore outfall (Guia). In July 2005, samples from three sites (L1, L2 and L3) were taken for the sediment physical and chemical characteristics study and for the benthic community structure study. L1 is located between the branches of the outfall in the discharge area, and L2 and L3 are, respectivelly, 2 and 3 km distant from L1. The superficial sediments in the study area were composed of fine sand with a low content of particles with less than 63 μm and without signs of volatile solids accumulation close to the outfall. The lowest Eh value (-28mV) was observed at the vicinity of the diffusers (L1). A total of 122 species, representing around 5800 specimens with a total wet weight biomass of 220g, were identified in the three sites. It was observed that abundance and biomass decreased with the distance to the outfall while species richness and Shannon-Wiener diversity index increased. Opportunist species dominated in abundance (Capitela spp.) and biomass (Nassarius reticulatus) in L1, contributing to more than 70% of the total abundance and to more than 48% of the total biomass, respectively. The abundance of those taxa decreased with the distance to the outfall being the complex Capitella spp. absent at L3 site and replaced by Hyalinoecia bilineata. The Abundance/Biomass comparison (ABC) curves also indicate that the macrobenthic community was moderately disturbed in L1. The results support the hypothesis of community disturbance due to organic enrichment related to the operation of the outfall. Imposex was asssessed in Nassarius reticulatus populations in the same sampling sites. There were no significant differences in female penis length (FPL) and relative penis length index (RPLI), which varied between 0,093 and 0,124 and, between 0,871 and 1,202, respectively. However, the vas deferens sequence index (VDSI) and the percentage of females affected with imposex (% I) increased sinificantly with the distance to the outfall (ANOVA: F= 34.9; P <0.001 for VDSI; F= 40,4; P <0,001 for % I): the VDSI ranged from 0,418 to 0,842 and % I varied from 40,53 to 70,25%. In an attempt to evaluate if a mixture of estrogenic active chemicals (MCAE), at environmentally relevant concentrations, could cause a reduction of imposex development under laboratory conditions, we have tested if exposure to a mixture of 17 β-estradiol, 17α- ethinylestradiol, estrone and nonylphenol could ameliorated the severity of imposex induced by tributyltin (TBT) in Nassarius reticulatus. After 30 days of exposure, results demonstrated a significant increase in FPL in all treatments where TBT (250 ng Sn-TBT/L) was present. However, the addition of MCAE to TBT had no significant effects on the development of imposex suggesting that these estrogenic compounds may have no influence on imposex expression in this specie.

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40

Wei, Junqing. "Autonomous Vehicle Social Behavior for Highway Driving". Research Showcase @ CMU, 2017. http://repository.cmu.edu/dissertations/919.

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In recent years, autonomous driving has become an increasingly practical technology. With state-of-the-art computer and sensor engineering, autonomous vehicles may be produced and widely used for travel and logistics in the near future. They have great potential to reduce traffic accidents, improve transportation efficiency, and release people from driving tasks while commuting. Researchers have built autonomous vehicles that can drive on public roads and handle normal surrounding traffic and obstacles. However, in situations like lane changing and merging, the autonomous vehicle faces the challenge of performing smooth interaction with human-driven vehicles. To do this, autonomous vehicle intelligence still needs to be improved so that it can better understand and react to other human drivers on the road. In this thesis, we argue for the importance of implementing ”socially cooperative driving”, which is an integral part of everyday human driving, in autonomous vehicles. An intention-integrated Prediction- and Cost function-Based algorithm (iPCB) framework is proposed to enable an autonomous vehicles to perform cooperative social behaviors. We also propose a behavioral planning framework to enable the socially cooperative behaviors with the iPCB algorithm. The new architecture is implemented in an autonomous vehicle and can coordinate the existing Adaptive Cruise Control (ACC) and Lane Centering interface to perform socially cooperative behaviors. The algorithm has been tested in over 500 entrance ramp and lane change scenarios on public roads in multiple cities in the US and over 10; 000 in simulated case and statistical testing. Results show that the proposed algorithm and framework for autonomous vehicle improves the performance of autonomous lane change and entrance ramp handling. Compared with rule-based algorithms that were previously developed on an autonomous vehicle for these scenarios, over 95% of potentially unsafe situations are avoided.

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41

Zhang, Xiaojun. "Analgesic effect of paeoniflorin in rats with visceral hyperalgesia induced by neonatal maternal separation". HKBU Institutional Repository, 2008. http://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_ra/919.

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42

Salmeron, Raquel. "Magnetorotational Instability in Protostellar Discs". Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/919.

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We investigate the linear growth and vertical structure of the magnetorotational instability (MRI) in weakly ionised, stratified accretion discs. The magnetic field is initially vertical and perturbations have vertical wavevectors only. Solutions are obtained at representative radial locations from the central protostar for different choices of the initial magnetic field strength, sources of ionisation, disc structure and configuration of the conductivity tensor. The MRI is active over a wide range of magnetic field strengths and fluid conditions in low conductivity discs. For the minimum-mass solar nebula model, incorporating cosmic ray and x-ray ionisation and assuming that charges are carried by ions and electrons only, perturbations grow at 1 AU for B < 8G. For a significant subset of these strengths (200mG < B < 5 G), the growth rate is of order the ideal MHD rate (0.75 Omega). Hall conductivity modifies the structure and growth rate of global unstable modes at 1 AU for all magnetic field strengths that support MRI. As a result, at this radius, modes obtained with a full conductivity tensor grow faster and are active over a more extended cross-section of the disc, than perturbations in the ambipolar diffusion limit. For relatively strong fields (e.g. B > 200 mG), ambipolar diffusion alters the envelope shapes of the unstable modes, which peak at an intermediate height, instead of being mostly flat as modes in the Hall limit are in this region of parameter space. Similarly, when cosmic rays are assumed to be excluded from the disc by the winds emitted by the magnetically active protostar, unstable modes grow at this radius for B < 2 G. For strong fields, perturbations exhibit a kink at the height where x-ray ionisation becomes active. Finally, for R = 5 AU (10 AU), unstable modes exist for B < 800 mG (B < 250 mG) and the maximum growth rate is close to the ideal-MHD rate for 20 mG < B < 500 mG (2 mG < B < 50 mG). Similarly, perturbations incorporating Hall conductivity have a higher wavenumber and grow faster than solutions in the ambipolar diffusion limit for B < 100 mG (B < 10 mG). Unstable modes grow even at the midplane for B > 100 mG (B ~ 1 mG), but for weaker fields, a small dead region exists. When a population of 0.1 um grains is assumed to be present, perturbations grow at 10 AU for B < 10 mG. We estimate that the figure for R = 1 AU would be of order 400 mG. We conclude that, despite the low magnetic coupling, the magnetic field is dynamically important for a large range of fluid conditions and field strengths in protostellar discs. An example of such magnetic activity is the generation of MRI unstable modes, which are supported at 1 AU for field strengths up to a few gauss. Hall diffusion largely determines the structure and growth rate of these perturbations for all studied radii. At radii of order 1 AU, in particular, it is crucial to incorporate the full conductivity tensor in the analysis of this instability, and more generally, in studies of the dynamics of astrophysical discs.

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43

Fischer, Mary Margaret. "EVALUATION OF GROWING MEDIA FOR ANNUAL HERB PRODUCTION IN GREEN ROOF MODULAR TRAYS". OpenSIUC, 2012. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/theses/919.

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Extensive urban development has led to the resurgence of green roofs. These vegetated roofs provide significant ecological and economic benefits including mitigation of the urban heat island effect, reduced storm-water runoff, lower energy costs, increased biodiversity, and improved aesthetics, as well as food production and security. Urban agriculture and food security are becoming increasingly important factors of the green roof renaissance. Due to weight load limitations of potential buildings, the ability to produce quality food in shallow media, less than 6.75 cm, could encourage green roof food production. The effectiveness of a commercially available green roof media and a vermicompost custom blended green roof media was evaluated in two experiments on the roof of the Agriculture building at Southern Illinois University Carbondale. In a randomized complete block design, twelve green roof modular trays (six 61 cm x 61 cm and six 46 cm x 56 cm) were filled to the depth of 5.72 cm with each media type. Each block consisted of four treatments with three replications in two locations on the roof. One location received full sun and the other only partial shade. Two commercially-grown annual herbs, sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum) and Thai basil (Albahaca tailandesa) and parsley (Petroselinum crispum var. neapolitanum; Petroselinum crispum `Krausa'; and Petroselinum crispum crispum) were evaluated during the two experiments. The first experiment ran from mid-May to mid-July, 2011, and the second experiment ran from mid-August to late September, 2011. Media content, mineral analysis, and biomass were recorded for each treatment. Hand irrigation was utilized as needed. In the first experiment, media, and an interaction of sunlight and media produced significant (P< 0.05) results for parameters of shoot height, shoot width and shoot weight. Sunlight, specifically partial shade, produced significant (P< 0.05) for shoot to root ratio. The commercially available green roof media produced more significant results for the parameters measured than the vermicompost-blend. In the second experiment, an interaction was detected for basil shoot width; otherwise all other variables evaluated for basil were insignificant. Media, specifically the commercial green roof media, was significant (p< 0.05) for parsley shoot height, with an interaction of sunlight and media; shoot weight and dry shoot weight, and with an interaction of sunlight and media for shoot width. No significant results were observed with the other parameters measured. The experiments indicated that the production of annual herbs on a green roof environment is possible. Further, the experiments found that the commercially available green roof media performed better than the custom vermicompost blend. Modular tray type had limited effect on results, but the advantage of pre-planting the trays before placement onto a green roof environment is an incentive for its use.

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Hauser, Patricia Margaret. "AN EXAMINATION OF FACTORS THAT PREDICT STUDENT RETENTION AMONG AGRICULTURAL MAJORS: A LONGITUDINAL STUDY". OpenSIUC, 2014. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/dissertations/919.

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The purpose of this study was to examine possible predictive factors of student retention in a longitudinal study of agricultural majors utilizing self-determination theory (SDT; Deci & Ryan, 1985; Ryan & Deci, 2000) as a theoretical framework. Logistic regressions were utilized in order to examine the influence of the following predictor variables assessed at Time 1 on retention: perceived parental need support, autonomous self-regulation, and academic major satisfaction. Measures included: the Perceptions of Parents Scale (POPS; Robbins, 1994), the Self-Regulation Questionnaire (SRQ; Ryan & Connell, 1989), the Academic Major Satisfaction Survey (AMSS; Nauta, 2007), the Perceived Competence Scale (PCS; Williams & Deci, 1996), and the Institutional Integration Scales (IIS; Pascarella & Terenzini, 1980). According to self-determination theory, support of psychological needs and autonomously regulated behaviors lead to more satisfactory learning experiences and higher persistence in learning activities. A vast amount of research has also shown that when students are satisfied with their institution, they are more likely to persist until graduation (e.g., Pascarella & Terenzini, 2005). As hypothesized, academic major satisfaction significantly predicted retention across all three levels of retention (i.e., academic major retention, academic college retention, and institutional retention) while autonomous self-regulation and perceived competence were shown to be a significant predictors of academic major retention and academic college retention. Perceived parental need support and constructs related to the institutional integration scales were not found to be predictive of retention on any level. Findings from the study provide empirical evidence supporting the use of self-determination theory as a framework for retention research.

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Huang, Henry. "Exploring New Therapeutic Strategies for Osteoarthritis: From Genetic Manipulation of Skeletal Tissues to Chemically-modified Synthetic Hydrogels". eScholarship@UMMS, 2017. https://escholarship.umassmed.edu/gsbs_diss/919.

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Abstract (sommario):

Osteoarthritis (OA), a degenerative disease of articular joints, is the leading cause of chronic disability in the US and affects more than a third of adults over 65 years old. Due to the obesity epidemic and an aging population, the prevalence of OA is expected to rise in both young and old adults. There are no disease modifying OA drugs. Therefore, providing any treatment options that delay the onset or progression of OA is highly desirable. The scope of this dissertation examines two different strategies to promote translational therapies for OA. The first approach investigated whether Smad ubiquitin regulatory factor 2 (Smurf2), an E3 ubiquitin ligase, could be a potential therapeutic target for OA. The second approach examined the incorporation of small chemical residues to enhance the physical and bioactivity of a bioinert scaffold for cartilage tissue repair. Overexpression of Smurf2 in chondrocytes was shown to accelerate spontaneous OA development in mice. We hypothesized that reduced Smurf2 expression could slow the progression of OA and enhance the performance of cells for cartilage repair. By performing surgical destabilization of the medial meniscus (DMM) on Smurf2-deficient mice, loss of Smurf2 was shown to mitigate OA changes in young mice but this protection diminished in older mice. Assessment of Smurf2-deficient chondrocytes in vitro revealed an upregulation of chondrogenic genes compared to wild-type; however, these differences were not seen at the protein level, deterring its potential use for cell-based therapies. During the course of this study, new insights about how age and sex affects different joint compartments in response to DMM surgery were also uncovered. These results broadened existing understanding of DMM-induced OA in mice but also questioned the validity of such a model to identify disease modifying targets that are translatable to OA in humans with advanced age. Due to a lack of innate repair mechanisms in cartilage, damage to cartilage increases the risk of developing OA early. Tissue engineering provides a unique strategy for repairing damaged cartilage by delivering cells in a well-controlled environment that can promote the formation of neotissue. We hypothesized that synthetic chemical residues could enhance the mechanical properties of a bioinert scaffold and promote matrix production of encapsulated chondrocytes. Covalent incorporation of small anionic or zwitterionic chemical residues in a polyethylene glycol-based hydrogel improved its stiffness and resistance to fluid flow, however, the resulting physical environment can also exert a dominant negative effect on matrix production of encapsulated chondrocytes. These results suggest that modulating the biosynthesis of chondrocytes with biochemical signals requires a concurrent reduction in any conflicting mechanotransduction signaling, emphasizing the importance of a degradable system to promote new cartilage formation. In summary, this dissertation establishes Smurf2 as a modulator of OA progression but implies that other factors such as age or protein(s) with redundant Smurf2 functions may play a role in limiting its effect as a therapeutic target. This work also reveals fundamental biology about how chondrocytes behave in response to physical and chemical cues in their microenvironment, which will aid in the design of better scaffolds for cartilage tissue engineering.

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46

Andes, Derek. "Orbital oscillations". Thesis, University of Iowa, 2011. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/919.

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47

Barker, J. Burdette. "Estimation of Field Alfalfa Evapotranspiration in a Windy, Arid Environment". DigitalCommons@USU, 2011. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/919.

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Abstract (sommario):

Evapotranspiration (ET) of center pivot irrigated alfalfa was studied in the windy, arid, Curlew Valley, Northern Box Elder County, Utah, during the summers of 2009 and 2010. ET was estimated using eddy covariance (EC) and surface renewal (SR) techniques. ET estimates from the EC and SR analyses were compared with estimates using ASCE Standardized Reference ET Equation, with both dual and mean crop coefficients. EC energy balance closure was 0.80, on average, in 2009 and 0.76 in 2010. The SR weighting parameter (α) was calculated through linear regression of EC and SR sensible heat flux estimates. Alpha was found to be 0.70 if EC energy balance closure was forced and 0.55 if closure was not forced. ET from SR analysis with α = 0.70 (ETSRα=0.70) was 409 mm in 2009 and 331 mm in 2010. ET from EC analysis with forced closure (ETECforced) was 390 mm in 2009 and 326 mm in 2010. In contrast, ETSRα=0.55 was 408 and 333 mm in 2009 and 2010, respectively, while ETECunforced was 315 and 251 mm in 2009 and 2010, respectively. Combined ETECforced and ETSRforced were compared with estimated crop ET from the ASCE Std. Eq. with both dual and mean crop coefficients (ETcDual and ETcm, respectively). ETcDual was 689 mm in 2009, as compared to ETcm and ETEC-SRforced, which were 677 and 617 mm, respectively. In 2010 ETcDual was 674 mm, with ETcm and ETEC-SRforced being 629 and 576 mm, respectively. The Kcm approach more closely approximated the estimated wet soil evaporation determined from the ETEC-SRforced for the measurement conditions and stated assumptions. ETEC-SR estimates were compared with irrigation application information to approximate field scale water balances. Effective precipitation plus net irrigation application (less wind drift and evaporation) were nearly equal to ETEC-SRforced for 2nd and 3rd crops of alfalfa in 2009 and 2010. No deep percolation was calculated using ETEC-SRforced; however, soil moisture measurements were not sufficient to verify that this was true. The water balances suggested that the fields were being underirrigated which may have caused salt accumulation in the soil, as evidenced by the low reported yields.

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Weitemier, Kevin Allen. "Phylogeographic Patterns and Intervarietal Relationships within Lupinus lepidus: Morphological Differences, Genetic Similarities". PDXScholar, 2010. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/919.

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Lupinus lepidus (Fabaceae) contains many morphologically divergent varieties and was restricted in its range during the last period of glaciation. A combination of phylogenetic (with the trnDT and LEGCYC1A loci) and population genetics approaches (with microsatellites and LEGCYC1A are used here to characterize intervarietal relationships and examine hypotheses of recolonization of areas in the Pacific Northwest affected by glaciation. Sequenced loci are not found to form a clade exclusive to L. lepidus, nor are any of the varieties found to form clades. Population genetics analyses reveal only negligible genetic structure within L. lepidus, with the majority of variation being found within populations. Isolation-by-distance analysis reveals some correlation between population genetic distances and geographic distance. Microsatellite and sequence results are consistent with a scenario whereby the Oregon and Washington regions were rapidly colonized from the south, with independent invasions along the eastern and western sides of the Cascade Mountains. A predicted disjunction between northern and southern populations is found within the microsatellite data but not the sequence data, suggesting that northern populations were recolonized via a process involving the spread of novel microsatellite mutations, perhaps through the persistence of a glacial refuge isolated from southern populations. Varieties are not shown to be genetically isolated, and are interpreted as representing ecotypes, with local selection outpacing the effects of migration.

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Nguyen, Ngoc Lan. "EFFECTIVE EVIDENCE-BASED STRATEGIES TO MINIMIZE SELF-INJURIOUS BEHAVIORS IN YOUNG CHILDREN WITH AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDERS: A PRACTICAL MANUAL FOR EDUCATORS". CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2019. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd/919.

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Self-injurious behaviors (SIBs) are relatively common in children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD), and many teachers have difficulties dealing with these challenging behaviors. Besides the possibility of causing serious injuries to children with ASD, the frequent occurrences of SIBs can limit their access to academic instruction and peer interactions. The abundance of possible strategies is confusing for teachers to figure out which strategies to use and how to implement them. The purpose of this project was to develop a guiding manual for educators working with children with ASD. The manual presents proactive, evidence-based strategies to help prevent or decrease students’ SIBs in the classroom.

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Billings, Shasta Le'ja. "Cloth Filter for Disaster Relief Water Treatment". DigitalCommons@CalPoly, 2013. https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/theses/919.

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Relief organizations and governments strive to provide safe drinking water to natural disaster survivors as quickly as possible. However, drinking water is typically provided either as bottled water or via mobile water treatment equipment, both of which can be difficult or expensive to transport rapidly into disaster zones. An alternative is the waterbag point-of-use treatment device developed at Cal Poly that allows survivors to produce safe drinking water from contaminated local sources. The waterbag is a 10-L bladder designed for use with Procter & Gamble Purifier of Water (PŪR®) sachets, which contain coagulant and chlorine compounds. Following treatment with PŪR®, treated water in the waterbag is flowed through an outlet port to a filter, primarily for parasitic cyst removal. Currently, the commercial version of the waterbag uses an effective but expensive hollow-fiber membrane microfilter (>$10 each). This cost will likely decrease the use of the waterbag by relief organizations responding to large disasters. The goal of the present thesis research was to develop a novel, low cost (~$5), effective, low-profile filter to be used with the waterbag in large-scale disaster relief. This new filter is referred to as an envelope filter due to its geometry and size. Various prototype envelope filters were constructed using layers of nonwoven polypropylene filter cloth. Two types of cloth were used: a nominally-rated 1-µm pore size cloth and an absolute-rated 1-µm cloth. The filters tested were both internal and external to the waterbag and of various geometries. Filters were attached to the waterbag and used to filter defined test water after it had been treated with a PŪR® sachet. Test water for design experiments consisted of tap water with addition of standard dust (to increase turbidity) and seasalts (to increase salinity). In addition to this basic test water, mock U.S. EPA Challenge Water #2 with added bacteria and cyst surrogates (fluorescent microspheres) was used to evaluate the filter prototype designs prior to testing according to U.S. EPA Guide Standard and Protocol for Testing Microbiological Water Purifiers in a commercial laboratory. The filter design and mock challenge experiment results indicated that a 2-ply filter with one nominal and one absolute layer was the optimal filter design. In the mock U.S. EPA challenge tests, a flowrate of 20 mL/min allowed this filter met the turbidity, bacteria, and microsphere removal requirements determined by the WHO and The Sphere Project for emergency drinking water treatment as well as the U.S. EPA Guide Standard and Protocol for Testing Microbiological Water Purifiers.. This filter design was further tested using the U.S. EPA Challenge Water #2 with triplicate waterbags at the U.S. EPA-certified BioVir Laboratories in Benicia, Calif. All three waterbags with envelope filters met the recommendations for turbidity (<5 >NTU) and for virus removal (>4-log removal). Two of the three waterbags met the bacteria and microsphere removal requirements (>6- and >3-log removal, respectively). The failure of one of the prototypes to meet the requirements could have been due to improper setting of valve that throttled the flowrate through the filter or due to a slightly leaking hose pinch valve. Future work should include incorporating more reliable valves and improving the envelope filter design and materials to achieve higher allowable flowrates.

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