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1
Dinges, Tim, Matthias Eul e Rainer Pöttgen. "TaRhGe with TiNiSi-type Structure". Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B 65, n. 1 (1 gennaio 2010): 95–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znb-2010-0117.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The new germanide TaRhGe was prepared from the elements by arc-melting and subsequent annealing at 1020 K for 10 days. TaRhGe crystallizes with the TiNiSi-type structure, space group Pnma, Z = 4, oP12, a = 640.2(2), b = 383.2(2), c = 741.7(2) pm, wR2 = 0.0550, 432 F2 values, 20 parameters. The structure consists of a three-dimensional [RhGe] network of distorted RhGe4/4 tetrahedra with Rh-Ge distances ranging from 244 to 250 pm. The tantalum atoms are coordinated within this network by two folded and mutually tilted Rh3Ge3 hexagons. TaRhGe is Pauli-paramagnetic and shows no superconducting transition down to 3 K
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Johnscher, Michael, Frank Tappe, Oliver Niehaus e Rainer Pöttgen. "The equiatomic intermetallics REPtCd (RE= La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Eu) and magnetic properties of CeAuCd". Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B 70, n. 3 (1 marzo 2015): 197–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znb-2014-0255.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
AbstractThe cadmium intermetallics REPtCd (RE = La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Eu) and CeAuCd were synthesized by induction-melting of the elements in sealed niobium ampoules followed by annealing in muffle furnaces. The samples were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction. The structures of CePtCd (ZrNiAl type, $P\bar 62m,$a = 763.8(6), c = 409.1(4) pm, wR2 = 0.0195, 298 F2 values, 14 variables) and EuPtCd (TiNiSi type, Pnma, a = 741.3(2), b = 436.4(1), c = 858.0(4) pm, wR2 = 0.0385, 440 F2 values, 20 variables) were refined from single-crystal data. The REPtCd structures exhibit three-dimensional networks of corner- and edge-sharing Cd@Pt2/6Pt2/3 and Cd@Pt4/4 tetrahedra, which leave cages for the rare earth atoms. Temperature-dependent magnetic susceptibility data of CeAuCd reveal a paramagnetic to antiferromagnetic phase transition at TN = 3.7(5) K.
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Hou, Bolin, Sushi Liu, Ruiyun Huo, Yueqian Li, Jinwei Ren, Wenzhao Wang, Tao Wei et al. "New Diterpenoids and Isocoumarin Derivatives from the Mangrove-Derived Fungus Hypoxylon sp." Marine Drugs 19, n. 7 (24 giugno 2021): 362. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/md19070362.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Two new diterpenoids, hypoxyterpoids A (1) and B (2), and four new isocoumarin derivatives, hypoxymarins A–D (4–7), together, with seven known metabolites (3 and 8–13) were obtained from the crude extract of the mangrove-derived fungus Hypoxylon sp. The structures of the new compounds were elucidated on the basis of 1- and 2-dimensional (1D/2D) nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopic and mass spectrometric analysis. The absolute configurations of compounds 1, 2, 4, 5, and 7 were determined by comparison of experimental and calculated electronic circular dichroism (ECD) spectra, and the absolute configurations of C-4′ in 6 and C-9 in 7 were determined by [Rh2(OCOCF3)4]-induced ECD spectra. Compound 1 showed moderate α-glucosidase inhibitory activities with IC50 values of 741.5 ± 2.83 μM. Compounds 6 and 11 exhibited DPPH scavenging activities with IC50 values of 15.36 ± 0.24 and 3.69 ± 0.07 μM, respectively.
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Bock, JL, B. Wenz e RK Gupta. "Changes in intracellular Mg adenosine triphosphate and ionized Mg2+ during blood storage: detection by 31P nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy". Blood 65, n. 6 (1 giugno 1985): 1526–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v65.6.1526.bloodjournal6561526.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Abstract 31P nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy was used to measure changes in intra-erythrocyte Mg adenosine triphosphate (MgATP) and free Mg2+ during blood storage at 4 degrees C in standard citrate preservation media. The extent of Mg2+ complexation of ATP and the concentration of free Mg2+ were measured from the Mg2+-dependent chemical shift differences, at 22 degrees C, between the P beta and P alpha resonances of intracellular ATP. This difference changed from 721.0 +/- 1.4 Hz (mean +/- SE) on the day of collection to 741.0 +/- 3.4 Hz after three to seven days and 774.0 +/- 2.8 Hz after 11 to 40 days storage in either acid-citrate-dextrose (ACD) or citrate-phosphate- dextrose-adenine (CPDA-1). Changes in intracellular pH, detected from shifts in the intracellular Pi resonance, averaged 0.27 units after 11 to 40 days of storage. These data indicate a sizable decrease in the extent of Mg2+ complexation of ATP, and a decrease by a factor of 2.6 in free Mg2+, during the shelf-life of blood stored in ACD or CPDA-1.
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Metzger, Brendan A., Nader Soltani, Alan J. Raeder, David C. Hooker, Darren E. Robinson e Peter H. Sikkema. "Multiple herbicide-resistant horseweed (Conyza canadensis) dose response to tolpyralate and tolpyralate plus atrazine and comparison to industry standard herbicides in corn". Weed Technology 33, n. 2 (aprile 2019): 366–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/wet.2019.20.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
AbstractHorseweed biotypes resistant to glyphosate and ALS-inhibiting herbicides are becoming more prevalent in Canada and the United States and present a significant management challenge in field crops. Tolpyralate is a recently commercialized herbicide for use in corn that inhibits 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase (HPPD), and there is little information regarding its efficacy on horseweed. Six field experiments were conducted in 2017 and 2018 at four locations in Ontario, Canada, to determine the biologically effective dose of tolpyralate and tolpyralate + atrazine and to compare label rates of tolpyralate and tolpyralate + atrazine to currently accepted herbicide standards for POST control of glyphosate and cloransulam-methyl resistant (MR) horseweed. At 8 wk after application (WAA), tolpyralate at 4.8 and 22.6 g ha–1provided 50% and 80% control, respectively. When applied with atrazine at a 1:33.3 tank-mix ratio, 22.3 + 741.7 g ha–1provided 95% control of MR horseweed. The addition of atrazine to tolpyralate at label rates improved control of MR horseweed to 98%, which was similar to the control provided by dicamba:atrazine and bromoxynil + atrazine. The results of this study indicate that tolpyralate + atrazine provides excellent control of MR horseweed POST in corn.
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Frisch, Gero, e Caroline Röhr. "Fehlende Glieder bekannter Reihen: Die Oxoferrate(III) Rb8[Fe2O7], Rb6[Fe2O6] und K4[Fe2O5] / Missing Links in Known Series: The Oxoferrates(III) Rb8[Fe2O7], Rb6[Fe2O6], and K4[Fe2O5]". Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B 60, n. 7 (1 luglio 2005): 732–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znb-2005-0706.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The title compounds were synthesized at temperatures between 775 and 1175 K from (mostly stoichiometric) mixtures of Fe2O3, elemental rubidium or potassium (A) and their hyperoxides AO2. The structures have been determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction. The alkaline rich ferrate(III) Rb8[Fe2O7] (Cs8[Fe2O7] structure type, space group P21/c, a = 696.7, b = 1722.1, c = 692.0 pm, β = 119.40°, Z = 2, R1 = 0.0496) exhibits diferrate anions [Fe2O7]8- composed of two vertexsharing [FeIIIO4] tetrahedra with a linear Fe-O-Fe bridge and nearly ideal 3m symmetry. This is in marked contrast to the Na homologue, where the diferrate anions are decidedly angular. In the series A3[FeO3], the anions in the compounds of the light alkaline cations are chains 1∞[FeO2O2/2]3−, but similar to the isotypic K6[Fe2O6] and to Cs6[Fe2O6] the new ferrate Rb6[Fe2O6] (K6Fe2O6 structure type, space group C2/m, a=741.8(2), b=1148.7(2), c=680.08(12) pm, β =103.65(2)°, Z = 4, R1 = 0.0370) contains isolated binuclear anions [O2FeO2FeO2]6− composed of two edge sharing [FeO4] tetrahedra. The new potassium ferrate of the series A4[Fe2O5], K4[Fe2O5] (space group P21/c, a = 645.91(14), b = 593.69(13), c = 1003.0(2) pm, β = 103.124(4)°, Z = 4, R1 = 0.0355), constitutes a new structure type, but its structure is still closely related to the Na compound, which crystallizes in the isomorphous subgroup P21/n with a doubled a axis. Both compounds are phylloferrates with layers 2∞[Fe2O5]4− consisting of six-membered rings of [FeO4] tetrahedra. In contrast, Rb4[Fe2O5] contains chains of vertex and edge sharing tetrahedra, so that in both series, A3[FeO3] and A4[Fe2O5], the linkedness of the ferrate tetrahedra increases with the ionic radii of the A counterions.
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Gong, Jianqing, Lilin Zhu, Jiusu Li e Da Shi. "Silica Fume and Nanosilica Effects on Mechanical and Shrinkage Properties of Foam Concrete for Structural Application". Advances in Materials Science and Engineering 2020 (27 aprile 2020): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/3963089.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Adding the appropriate amount of silica fume (SF) or nanosilica (NS) can improve the strength and reduce the shrinkage of foam concrete (FC), thereby widening its application. This paper reports on a study of FC mechanical and shrinkage properties when varying SF and NS proportions were used to replace cement. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and nonmetallic ultrasonic detection were employed to investigate the mechanism of strength changes. The result showed that when the SF and NS content was 15% and 4%, in the 28 days, the compressive strength of FC peaked at 32.8 MPa and 35.8 MPa, and the flexural strength maximized at 7.9 MPa and 9.1 MPa, respectively. The autogenous shrinkage reached the minimum value, separately, i.e., 741.2 × 10−6 and 797.1 × 10−6. The dry shrinkage value was the highest (862.5 × 10−6 and 1387.5 × 10−6). The results indicated that the compressive and flexural strength of FC first increased and then decreased as SF and NS content increased. Autogenous shrinkage first decreased and then increased with the increase of SF or NS content. An opposite trend of dry shrinkage could be observed. FC made with NS had higher shrinkage than it did with SF. The results also indicated that there was a correlation between microstructure and sound velocity in the presence of SF or NS.
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Turgut, Emre, Akile Zengin, Yusuf Bag, Kuntay Kaplan, Orgun Gunes, Sinan Karatoprak, Fatih Sumer, Cemalettin Aydin e Cuneyt Kayaalp. "The association between psoas muscle area index and morbidity/mortality in laparoscopic gastric cancer surgery". Medicine Science | International Medical Journal 11, n. 3 (2022): 1110. http://dx.doi.org/10.5455/medscience.2022.03.051.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
As advanced gastric cancer often leads to obstruction or cancer-related cachexia, gastric cancer seems to have a closer association with sarcopenia than other types of cancer. Our study aim was to investigate the relationship between the psoas muscle area (PSMA) and morbidity and mortality in patients undergoing gastric cancer surgery. The data of patients who underwent laparoscopic gastric resection between November 2014 and April 2020 were analyzed retrospectively. The intervertebral disc space was verified at L3-4 in the sagittal plane. The PSMA on the right and left sides were measured separately and then added to obtain the total PSMA. This value was then divided by the patient's height (m2) to calculate the psoas muscle area index (PSMAI) (mm2/m2). The mean PSMAI of men (741.1 mm2/m2) was significantly higher than that of women (502.1 mm2/m2) (p<0.001). While there was a positive correlation between the PSMAI and BMI (r:0.352, p:0.019 in women; r:0.447, p<0.001 in men), the correlation between PSMAI and age was negative (r: -0.369, p:0.014 in women; r:-0.349, p<0.001 in men). PSMAI was statistically lower in patients with attendant morbidity (p:0.035). There was no significant relationship between PSMAI and the first 30-day mortality rate (p:0.096); however, the association between PSMAI and both the 90-day mortality rate (p:0.023) and the total mortality rate (p:0.046) were significant. In our opinion, assessing gastric cancer patients for sarcopenia and supporting them with the necessary nutrition and exercise program prior to surgery can help predict and lower postoperative morbidity and mortality rates.
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Lusiantari, Rokhima, Miranti Dewi Pramaningtyas, Titis Nurmasitoh, Rachmi Hidayati Pattimura e Anggita Dewanti. "Shortening tends to increase aortic foam cell count and wall thickness in male Wistar rats". Universa Medicina 37, n. 1 (15 febbraio 2018): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.18051/univmed.2018.v37.13-18.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Background<br />Shortening is widely used as raw material for bread and other foods. Hypercholesterolemia increases aortic arch foam cell formation and abdominal aortic wall thickness. This study aimed to determine the effect of shortening on the number of aortic arch foam cells and abdominal aortic wall thickness in rats.<br /><br />Methods<br />This study was of experimental posttest control group design. Twenty four male Wistar rats were randomized into 4 groups. The negative control group (C-) received standard feed, the positive control group (C+) standard high-fat feed, group T1 shortening and standard feed at a ratio of 1:5 and group T2 shortening and standard feed at a ratio of 1:10. The interventions were given for 6 weeks through gavage. The foam cell count in the aortic arch and the thickness of the abdominal aortic wall were measured. One-way ANOVA test was used to analyze the data. <br /><br />Results<br /><p>There was no significant difference in the mean foam cell count of the aortic arch between the four groups C- (7.17 ± 4.17), C + (9.33 ± 7.01), T1 (11.83 ± 4.88) and T2 (9.33 ± 6.80) (p=0.598). The mean thickness of the abdominal aortic wall between the four groups C- (741.98 ± 60.67μm), C + (714.29 ± 90.59μm), T1 (838.90 ± 75.86 μm), and T2 (749.88 ± 99.37μm) also was not significantly different (p=0.110).</p><br />Conclusion <br />Shortening tends to increase the foam cell count of the aortic arch and the thickness of the abdominal aortic wall of rats.
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Karanastasi, E., W. Decraemer, P. E. Kyriakopoulou e R. Neilson. "First Report of the Stubby-Root Nematode Paratrichodorus teres Associated with Artichoke (Cynara scolymus) in Greece". Plant Disease 89, n. 6 (giugno 2005): 685. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pd-89-0685a.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The polyphagous stubby-root nematode species, Paratrichodorus teres (Hooper) Siddiqi, was first described from soil under lettuce near Norwich, UK and subsequently reported from South Africa and the United States, but predominantly from temperate regions within Europe (4). P. teres is one of 13 economically important trichodorid species known to be vectors of Tobacco rattle virus (TRV) (4). Artichokes planted during 2000 in a field located in the Kandia area of the Argolis Region, Greece (37°32′N, 22°56′E) exhibited symptoms of a virus infection. Sampling was done to ascertain the presence of Longidorus fasciatus, a vector of artichoke Italian latent nepovirus known to occur in the area (1,4). In addition to L. fasciatus, an unknown trichodorid species and Tylenchorhyncus sp. were recovered from the root zone of artichoke at a number of sites within the field. Measurements and morphological examination of the female (n = 13, body length = 741.7 ± 25.5 μm, onchiostyle = 43.7 ± 0.8 μm, and position of vulva from anterior region relative to total body length V% = 53.8 ± 0.4 μm) and male (n =1, body length = 720.5 μm, onchiostyle = 43.5 μm, spicule length = 51.7 μm, and number of ventromedian precloacal supplements = 3) trichodorids isolated from soil samples conformed to the original description of P. teres and the generic polytomous key (2). Furthermore, morphological identification was supported by molecular data. DNA was extracted from seven individual trichodorids, each of which were placed into separate 0.5-ml micro-centrifuge tubes containing 20 μl of 0.25 M NaOH and incubated at 25°C overnight. Thereafter, samples were incubated at 99°C for 3 min and 10 μl of 0.25 M HCl, 5 μl of 0.5 M Tris-HCl, (pH 8.0) and 5 μl of 2% Triton X-100 were added to each tube. Samples were incubated at 99°C for a further 3 min and stored at -20°C. Template DNA was amplified using polymerase chain reaction with primers specific for 18S rDNA and sequenced (3). The resultant consensus sequence had 99.8% homology to P. teres populations isolated from Portugal and good homology (95 to 98%) with five other Paratrichodorus spp. listed on public sequence databases, e.g., NCBI GenBank. This constitutes a new geographic record and a possible association of P. teres on artichoke. References: (1) D. J. F. Brown et al. Eur. J. Plant Pathol. 103:501, 1997. (2) W. Decraemer. Fundam. Appl. Nematol. 21:37, 1998. (3) C. M. G. Oliveira et al. J. Nematol. 36:153, 2004. (4) C. E. Taylor and D. J. F. Brown. Nematode Vectors of Plant Viruses, CAB International Mycological Institute, Wallingford, UK, 1997.
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CARAMICO-FAVERO, Deise Cristina Oliva, Zelita Caldeira Ferreira GUEDES e Mauro Batista de MORAIS. "FOOD INTAKE, NUTRITIONAL STATUS AND GASTROINTESTINAL SYMPTOMS IN CHILDREN WITH CEREBRAL PALSY". Arquivos de Gastroenterologia 55, n. 4 (dicembre 2018): 352–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0004-2803.201800000-78.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Cerebral palsy may be associated with comorbidities such as undernutrition, impaired growth and gastrointestinal symptoms. Children with cerebral palsy exhibit eating problems due to the effect on the anatomical and functional structures involved in the eating function resulting in malnutrition. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to investigate the association between food intake, nutritional status and gastrointestinal symptoms in children with cerebral palsy. METHODS: Cross-sectional study that included 40 children with cerebral palsy (35 with spastic tetraparetic form and 5 with non-spastic choreoathetoid form of cerebral palsy, all requiring wheelchairs or bedridden) aged from 4 to 10 years. The dietary assessment with the parents was performed using the usual household food intake inquiry. Anthropometric data were collected. Gastrointestinal symptoms associated with deglutition disorders, gastroesophageal reflux and chronic constipation were also recorded. RESULTS: The median of height-for-age Z-score (-4.05) was lower (P<0.05) than the median of weight-for-age (-3.29) and weight-for-height (-0.94). There was no statistical difference between weight-for-age and weight-for-height Z-scores. Three patients with cerebral palsy (7.5%) exhibited mild anemia, with normal ferritin levels in two. Symptoms of dysphagia, gastroesophageal reflux, and constipation were found in 82.5% (n=33), 40.0% (n=16), and 60.0% (n=24) of the sample, respectively. The patients with symptoms of dysphagia exhibited lower daily energy (1280.2±454.8 Kcal vs 1890.3±847.1 Kcal, P=0.009), carbohydrate (median: 170.9 g vs 234.5 g, P=0.023) and fluid intake (483.1±294.9 mL vs 992.9±292.2 mL, P=0.001). The patients with symptoms of gastrointestinal reflux exhibited greater daily fluid intake (720.0±362.9 mL) than the patients without symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux (483.7±320.0 mL, P=0.042) and a greater height-for-age deficit (Z-score: -4.9±1.7 vs 3.7±1.5, P=0.033). The patients with symptoms of constipation exhibited lower daily dietary fiber (9.2±4.3 g vs 12.3±4.3 g, P=0.031) and fluid (456.5±283.1 mL vs 741.1±379.2 mL, P=0.013) intake. CONCLUSION: Children with cerebral palsy exhibited wide variability in food intake which may partially account for their severe impaired growth and malnutrition. Symptoms of dysphagia, gastroesophageal reflux, and constipation are associated with different food intake patterns. Therefore, nutritional intervention should be tailored considering the gastrointestinal symptoms and nutritional status.
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Stringer, Fran, Graham Scott, Stuart Kupfer, Charlie Cao e Masaki Kawamura. "Absence of Pharmacodynamic or Pharmacokinetic Interactions When TAK-442, An Oral, Direct Factor Xa Inhibitor, Is Coadministered with Aspirin or Clopidogrel." Blood 114, n. 22 (20 novembre 2009): 4175. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v114.22.4175.4175.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Abstract Abstract 4175 Introduction TAK-442 is a novel orally active, direct Factor Xa (fXa) inhibitor in clinical development for the prevention of venous and arterial thrombotic disorders. Currently, aspirin and clopidogrel are widely used for platelet inhibition in patients with an increased risk of atherothrombotic events, and it is highly likely that TAK-442 may provide incremental anti-thrombotic benefit when used in conjunction with either of these agents. The primary aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of TAK-442 on inhibition of platelet aggregation by aspirin or clopidogrel. Methods Healthy male and female (n=77), subjects were randomly assigned to 1 of 2 treatments groups and received either TAK-442 60 mg or placebo twice daily (BID) for 11 days, with the addition of aspirin 162 mg or clopidogrel 75 mg once daily (QD) from days 5 to 11. Pharmacokinetics were assessed for TAK-442 (days 4 and 11), aspirin/salicylic acid (day 11) and clopidogrel/carboxylic acid metabolite (day 11. Inhibition of fXa (Coatest®) was assessed on day 1 and two hours post dose on days 4 and 11. Platelet aggregation (arachidonic acid-induced for the aspirin group or ADP-induced for the clopidogrel group) was assessed on day -1 and 2 hours post dose on days 4 and 11; bleeding time was assessed on day -1 and 2 hours post dose on day 11. Results Inhibition of arachidonic acid-induced platelet aggregation by aspirin was not affected by TAK-442 (71% for aspirin + TAK-442 and 74% for aspirin + placebo) nor was there any clinically significant effect of TAK-442 treatment on the inhibition of ADP-induced platelet aggregation by clopidogrel (56% for clopidogrel + TAK-442 and 67% for clopidogrel + placebo) at 2 hours post dose on day 11. Likewise, co-administration of TAK-442 did not have a clinically significant effect on the pharmacokinetic profiles of aspirin or clopidogrel. AUC0-24 and Cmax values were increased ≤16% for clopidogrel and ≤13% for the carboxylic acid metabolite. Although aspirin AUC0-24 and Cmax were increased 2- to 3-fold with coadministration (90% confidence intervals were: 76.2% to 741.8% and 90.1% to 825.1%, respectively), the proportional exposure was very low and the variability was high; the values for the active metabolite, salicylic acid, were increased less than 20% with coadministration. TAK-442-mediated inhibition of fXa activity and prolongation of PT, and the PK profile of TAK-442, were unaffected by co-administration with aspirin or clopidogrel. Coadministration of TAK-442 resulted in modest increases in mean bleeding time compared to aspirin with placebo (aspirin + TAK-442: 558 sec vs. aspirin + placebo: 392 sec) and to clopidogrel with placebo (clopidogrel + TAK-442: 893 sec vs. clopidogrel + placebo: 829 sec). TAK-442 was well tolerated, with a low and similar frequency of mild bleeding events with or without aspirin or clopidogrel coadministration. Conclusion This study demonstrated that no clinically meaningful pharmacodynamic or pharmacokinetic interactions were observed when TAK-442 was co-administered with aspirin or clopidogrel. Disclosures: Stringer: Takeda Global Research & Development, Inc.: Employment. Scott:Takeda Global Research & Development, Inc.: Employment. Kupfer:Takeda Global Research & Development, Inc.: Employment. Cao:Takeda Global Research & Development, Inc.: Employment. Kawamura:Takeda Global Research & Development, Inc.: Employment.
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Sag, E., K. Yüksel, S. Demir, S. Ozdel, U. Kaya Akca, E. Atalay, M. Kasap-Cuceoglu, R. Topaloglu, Y. Bilginer e S. Özen. "OP0195 PLASMA CHECKPOINT PROTEIN LEVELS AND GALECTIN-9 IN JUVENILE SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS". Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 80, Suppl 1 (19 maggio 2021): 117.1–118. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2021-eular.1957.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Background:Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is the prototype for a systemic autoimmune disease. SLE is a disease of the adaptive immune system where T lymphocyte dysfunction has an important role as well. Checkpoint proteins have become an important topic in the study of Tcell. The balance of T cell co-stimulatory and co-inhibitory receptors is important for the regulation of the adaptive immune system response.Objectives:In this study we aimed to assess the checkpoint proteins in childhood SLE patientsMethods:Fourty-nine jSLE patients together with 15 age- and gender- matched controls were included. Clinical features, disease activity scores and laboratory parameters were recorded both retrospectively and at the time of samplimg. Patient samples were collected at their last visit, Plasma CD25 (IL-2Rα), 4-1BB, B7.2 (CD86), TGF-β1, CTLA-4, PD-L1, PD-1, Tim-3, LAG- 3, Galectin-9 levels were studied by the cytometric bead-based multiplex assay panel according to manufacturer’s instruction (LEGENDplex HU Immune Checkpoint Panel 1 (10-plex); catalogue number 740962, Biolegend) and analysed by Novocyte 3005 flow cytometer. Two-step cluster analysis procedure was conducted over the chosen 7 symptom status and 3 clusters were chosen for the final analysisResults:A total of 49 patients (71.4% female) diagnosed with SLE according to the SLICC criteria and 15 healthy controls (73.3% female) were included in the study. The mean age of the patients was 17.7 ± 2.6 years and the controls was 13.3±1.4 years. The median disease duration was 5.7 years. At the time of sampling fifteen of the patients had a SLEDAI score of zero (no activity), 21 of them had between 1-5 (mild activity), 7 of them had between 6-10 (moderate activity), 5 of them had between 11-19 (high activity), 1 of them had >20 (very high activity).Galectin-9 and PD-L1 were significantly higher in SLE patients. Other checkpoint proteins and IL-2Rα were also higher but did not reach statistical significance. There were significant correlations between SLEDAI and IL-2Rα, Galectin-9 and PDL1. (Figure 1) There were three clinical clusters: Cluster 1 included patients with no major organ involvement, cluster 2 had predominantly haematological involvement (n=16) and cluster 3 (n=11) had predominantly renal involvement. Checkpoint proteins were not different among these three clusters.Figure 1.Table 1.Demographic, Clinical and Laboratory Features of Patients (n=49)Female gender, n (%)35 (%71.4)Mean age at diagnosis, years (mean±SD)12.5±3.3Mean age at the time of inclusion, years (mean±SD)17.7±2.6Duration of illness, years (median/IQR)5.7 (3.0-7.0) yearsActive system involvement at study,n (%) Renal14 (28.5) Skin11 (22.4) Musculoskeletal9 (18.3) Hematologic9 (18.3) Neurologic1 (2.0) Serositis1 (2.0)Laboratory findings (median/minimum-maximum) Hemoglobin, gr/dl12.7 (7.3-18.3) WBC, /mm36.900 (2.600-26.200) Platelet, /mm3252.000 (39.000-529.000) Erythrocyte sedimentation rate, mm/hour10 (1-71) C-reactive protein, mg/dl0.1 (0-21.1) Complement 3, mg/dl87.6 (25.4-186.0) Complement 4, mg/dl15.3 (0-45.8) Anti-ds DNA, IU/ml12.8 (0-741.7) SLEDAI score (mean±SD)4.69±6.69Conclusion:Our data supports that Galectin 9 and IL-2Rα are good markers for disease activity in childhood SLE. We need larger series to evaluate differences between disease clusters in SLE. We failed to show a significant correlation with checkpoint proteins and SLEDAI except for PDL1.References:[1]Sharabi A and Tsokos GC. T cell metabolism: new insights in systemic lupus erythematosus pathogenesis and therapy. Nature reviews Rheumatology 2020; 16: 100-112[2]Nishimura H, Nose M, Hiai H, et al. Development of lupus-like autoimmune diseases by disruption of the PD-1 gene encoding an ITIM motif-carrying immunoreceptor. Immunity 1999; 11: 141-151.[3]McKinney EF, Lee JC, Jayne DR, et al. T-cell exhaustion, co-stimulation and clinical outcome in autoimmunity and infection. Nature 2015[4]Wherry EJ and Kurachi M. Molecular and cellular insights into T cell exhaustion. Nat Rev Immunol 2015; 15: 486-499Disclosure of Interests:None declared
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Angulo, J., G. T. Gentry, R. A. Godke e K. R. Bondioli. "179 EFFECT OF SERUM DURING CULTURE ON DAY 14 ELONGATED BOVINE EMBRYOS". Reproduction, Fertility and Development 23, n. 1 (2011): 191. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rdv23n1ab179.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
It has been reported that the addition of serum to embryo culture media alters gene expression and triggers the development of large offspring syndrome. The objectives of this study were to determine gene expression levels in embryos cultured in the absence or presence of 5% calf serum and in vivo-derived (IVD) embryos and to determine the effects of serum on the length of elongated embryos. Abattoir-derived oocytes were obtained from a commercial provider and fertilized at 24 h of maturation with semen from a bull previously used for IVF. At 18 h post-insemination (hpi), embryos were denuded and groups of 15 presumptive zygotes were cultured in 30-μL drops of modified SOF medium with amino acids and 6 mg mL–1 of BSA (mSOFaa). At 72 hpi, cleavage rate was assessed and embryos were randomly allocated into 2 treatments: mSOFaa without and with 5% calf serum. Embryos were then cultured to 168 hpi and blastocyst rates were assessed and recorded. Blastocysts (n = 5 to 10) from each treatment were transferred into synchronized recipients, and Day 14 embryos were recovered 7 days post-transfer. Embryos were photographed, measured, and immediately stored at –80°C in a minimal volume of PBS + 0.1% polyvinyl alcohol. Messenger RNA was isolated using a Dynabeads mRNA Direct Kit™ (Invitrogen, Carlsbad, CA), and reverse transcription was performed using an iScript™ cDNA Synthesis Kit (Bio-Rad Laboratories, Inc., CA). Quantitative PCR was performed to determine the transcript abundance for COX6A, IFNT1a, PLAC8, IGF2R, and GAPDH for each sample. The GAPDH was used as a reference gene, and gene expression was calculated as a ratio of expression levels between each gene of interest and GAPDH. Expression levels for each gene were determined from standard curves generated by serial dilutions of PCR amplicons starting with 0.4 pg/reaction. Blastocyst development rates were higher in embryos cultured with serum compared with the nonserum treatment (14.9 and 7.4% respectively; chi-square, P < 0.001). Lengths of elongated embryos from the serum (3395.3 ± 414.7 μm) and nonserum (2784 ± 741.8 μm) culture treatments differed from the IVD (6297.7 ± 677.2 μm) treatment (mean ± SE; ANOVA, P < 0.0052). There were no differences in the mean expression levels for COX6A, IFNT1a, PLAC8, and IGF2R across treatment groups, but in the serum treatment, 3 out 11 overexpressed IFNT1a, 4 out of 11 overexpressed IGF2R, and 2 out of 11 overexpressed PLAC8, defined as being 2 standard deviations above the mean of the IVD treatment for each respective gene. In the in vitro-produced nonserum and IVD treatments, overexpression by this definition was not observed. Although mean expression levels were not affected by culture with serum under these conditions, very high expression of IFNT1a, IGF2R, and PLAC8 was observed in some embryos cultured with serum, but not in embryos cultured without serum or IVD embryos.
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Kubota, Yutaro, Yusuke Aoki, Noriyuki Masaki, Koya Obara, Sei Morinaga, Kohei Mizuta, Motokazu Sato et al. "Abstract 1795: Tumor-targeting Salmonella A1-R selectively delivers recombinant methioninase and inhibits syngeneic-cancer mouse models". Cancer Research 84, n. 6_Supplement (22 marzo 2024): 1795. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2024-1795.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Abstract Background: Methionine addiction, termed the Hoffman effect, is a general hallmark of cancer. Methionine restriction (MR) using an MR diet or recombinant methioninase (rMETase) is effective for all types of cancer. However, methionine restriction also inhibits the activity of CD8-positive T-lymphocytes. Therefore, we hypothesized that methionine depletion in the tumor only may be more effective for cancer therapy. We previously developed Salmonella A1-R, which selectively targets and kills tumors. In the present study, we established rMETase-producing Salmonella A1-R, by transfer of the Pseudomonas putida methioninase gene, to target and inhibit syngeneic cancer mouse models. Methods: A plasmid containing the Pseudomonas putida methioninase gene was extracted from rMETase-producing E. coli and inserted into Salmonella A1-R using electroporation. The rMETase-producing Salmonella A1-R (A1-R-rMETase) infected several cancer cell lines in vitro, including HT29, PC-3, MDA-MB-435, and Lewis Lung Carcinoma (LLC). LLC was chosen for in vivo studies as it supported extensive growth of A1-R-rMETase. We determined 108 A1-R-rMETase was a safe dosage in C57BL/6 mice. LLC cells (106) were injected in male C57BL/6 mice aged 4-6 weeks subcutaneously. After tumor growth, 18 mice were divided into three groups of 6. One group was injected with phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) via the tail vein, twice per week as a control. Another group was injected with 108 Salmonella A1-R via the tail vein, twice per week. Another group was injected with 108 A1-R-rMETase via the tail vein, twice per week for two weeks. Tumor size was measured with calipers three times per week for 3 weeks. On day 22, tumor methionine level was measured using HPLC in the PBS control and the mice injected with A1-R-rMETase. Results: The mean LLC tumor size of each group on day 22 was as follows: The PBS control: 741.5 mm3; mice injected with A1-R: 566.3 mm3; and mice injected with A1-R-rMETase: 198.8 mm3. Turkey’s multiple comparisons test showed a significant difference between the PBS control and mice injected with A1-R-rMETase (p<0.0001) and between mice injected with A1-R and mice injected with A1-R-rMETase (p=0.0036). However, the PBS control and the mice injected with A1-R did not show a significant difference (p=0.1794). The mice injected with A1-R-rMETase showed a significantly lower mean methionine level than mice injected with PBS (5.9 nM/mg protein vs. 11.1 nM/mg protein, p=0.0095, Mann Whitney test). Conclusion: Tumor-targeting Salmonella A1-R modified to express the Pseudomonas putida methioninase gene (A1-R-rMETase), inhibited LLC tumor growth in a syngeneic mouse model and reduced the methionine level in the tumor. A1-R-rMETase combines the tumor targeting and killing capability of A1-R itself and restriction methionine selectively in tumors. Citation Format: Yutaro Kubota, Yusuke Aoki, Noriyuki Masaki, Koya Obara, Sei Morinaga, Kohei Mizuta, Motokazu Sato, Ming Zhao, Qinghong Han, Bouvet Michael, Takuya Tsunoda, Robert M. Hoffman. Tumor-targeting Salmonella A1-R selectively delivers recombinant methioninase and inhibits syngeneic-cancer mouse models [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2024; Part 1 (Regular Abstracts); 2024 Apr 5-10; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2024;84(6_Suppl):Abstract nr 1795.
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Weisberg, Elizabeth, Hadeel Assad, Lydia Choi-Kim, Tammy DeMeere, Hyejeong Jang, Wei Chen e Mary Ann Kosir. "Abstract P3-20-07: Uncontrolled hypertension and the development of lymphedema after breast cancer surgery". Cancer Research 82, n. 4_Supplement (15 febbraio 2022): P3–20–07—P3–20–07. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs21-p3-20-07.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Abstract Introduction: Breast cancer is the most common type of cancer among women in the United States with more than 281,550 new cases in 2021. Definitive treatment for early/localized disease includes a combination of surgery, radiation and systemic therapy with high cure rates but significant potential morbidity. Lymphedema (LE) is the chronic swelling of tissue due to damage caused by breast cancer surgery and/or radiation therapy, occurring in approximately 25-60% of patients who undergo axillary dissection with or without radiation. LE is a morbid disease that decreases patient quality of life and has limited treatment options. Thus, identifying risk factors to prevent the development of LE is crucial. To our knowledge, uncontrolled hypertension has not been previously studied as a potential risk factor for the development of arm lymphedema after breast cancer treatment. Methods: In this single institution prospective cohort study, women were enrolled before their surgery for stage 0-III breast cancer. Baseline interviews were conducted and data including ethnic background, weight, medical comorbidities, and medications were collected. Breast cancer clinicopathologic features and treatment were also recorded. Bilateral arm measurements and blood pressure (BP) readings were taken at baseline and intervals of 3 months for up to 5 years after surgery. An increase in volume >5% from baseline was classified as lymphedema. The association between baseline BP and development of lymphedema was tested with univariate Cox regression model. Results: 176 women were enrolled between 1999 and 2004, of which 46% were Caucasian, 42% African American, 12% other. The average age at enrollment was 51 years. 68% were overweight or obese. 11% had Stage 0, 33% Stage I, 42% Stage II, and 14% had Stage III breast cancer. The most common type of surgery was mastectomy (52%) with remaining patients undergoing lumpectomy. Most patients underwent nodal evaluation with 55% receiving axillary node dissection, 40% receiving sentinel node biopsy or axillary node sampling, and 6% undergoing no nodal surgery. 57% of patients underwent chemotherapy and 53% received radiation therapy. At baseline, 65% of the patients reported a history of hypertension, of which approximately 50% were taking antihypertensive medications and 57% had uncontrolled blood pressure (defined as office BP ≥ 140/90). Using the 5% cutoff, 27% of patients developed lymphedema within 5 years after surgery, of which 14% occurred within the first year. Women who were obese, had mastectomy or more than 9 LNs removed were at higher risk of developing LE. Age, ethnicity and cancer stage had no association with the development of LE (Table 1). Women with uncontrolled or controlled hypertension did not have a higher risk for LE compared to those that were normotensive with hazard ratios of 0.82 (95%CI: 0.39, 1.76; p value 0.616) and 0.70 (95%CI: 0.31, 1.59; p value 0.396) respectively. Conclusion: Baseline uncontrolled or controlled hypertension does not increase the risk for the development of LE after surgery and radiation for breast cancer. Further analysis of BP control over time as another risk factor for the development of LE in this dataset is also planned. Identifying BP control as a risk factor for LE would aid in prevention efforts to decrease the development of this morbidity in breast cancer survivors. Table 1. Univariate Cox regression hazard ratios (HR) for development of lymphedema with 5% cutoffVariableEvent/nHR (95% CI)P valueAge at enrollment48/1741.00 (0.98-1.02)0.984RaceCaucasian19/81Ref.African American23/741.53 (0.83-2.82)0.171Other6/201.17 (0.47-2.93)0.741StageI13/58Ref.04/190.74 (0.24-2.29)0.605II25/741.39 (0.71-2.71)0.341III6/251.22 (0.46-3.20)0.693BMINormal9/52Ref.Underweight1/32.95 (0.37-23.43)0.306Overweight15/551.73 (0.76-3.95)0.195Obesity23/652.21 (1.02-4.78)0.044Number of Nodes Removed<917/87Ref.≥931/891.92 (1.06-3.47)0.031ChemotherapyNo20/76Ref.Yes28/1000.95 (0.54-1.69)0.873Radiation therapyNo24/81Ref.Yes23/940.72 (0.41-1.28)0.264Breast surgeryLumpectomy18/84Ref.Mastectomy30/911.84 (1.02-3.31)0.042Nodal surgerySNB or ALN sampling15/70Ref.No axillary surgery2/100.81 (0.19-3.57)0.786ALND31/961.55 (0.83-2.86)0.167 Citation Format: Elizabeth Weisberg, Hadeel Assad, Lydia Choi-Kim, Tammy DeMeere, Hyejeong Jang, Wei Chen, Mary Ann Kosir. Uncontrolled hypertension and the development of lymphedema after breast cancer surgery [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2021 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2021 Dec 7-10; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P3-20-07.
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Yue, Xin, e Jinsheng Zhao. "Preparation and electrochemical properties of thieno-[3,4-b] pyrazine conjugated polymer composite supercapacitor carbon powder electrode materials for Li-organic battery". High Performance Polymers, 14 marzo 2023, 095400832311635. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/09540083231163582.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
In this work, two D-A monomers 2,3-di(5-methylfuran-2-yl)-5,7-di(thiophene-2-yl) thiopheno[3,4-b] pyrazine (MFTTP) and 2,3-di(5-methylfuran-2-yl)-5,7-di(4-methoxythiophen-2-yl) thiopheno [3,4-b] pyrazine (MFMOTTP) were first obtained by Stille Coupling reaction, and then the corresponding composites were obtained by in-situ oxidative polymerization method with supercapacitor carbon. The surface morphology, chemical structure, and the element valence states of two materials were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, infrared and XPS, respectively. The specific surface areas of PMFTTP@SC and PMFMOTTP@SC are measured as 756.5 and 954.9 m2/g, respectively. The CV curves were used to determine the initial oxidative and initial reduction potentials, both polymers have a narrow band gap with Eg values below 1.5 eV, electron clouds in the HOMO and LUMO orbits of the polymer are mainly distributed on the aromatic rings of the polymer backbone. Polymer composite materials were used as the anode materials and the lithium sheets were used as counter electrode, and then lithium ion batteries are assembled. The first discharge specific capacities of PMFTTP@SC and PMFMOTTP@SC are 741.9 and 951.3 mAh/g at a current density of 100 mA/g, and as the electrodes are activated in the subsequent cycles, their coulomb efficiencies can reach more than 92% from the third cycle. In contrast, PMFMOTTP with methoxy-thiophene as the donor unit has higher conductivity and lower corresponding impedance due to its stronger electron donating ability and abundant pore structure, which is also more conducive to the lithiation/delithiation redox process.
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KHAJJAK, ABDUL HAFEEZ, NOOR-UN-NISA MEMON, NIAZ AHMED WAHOCHO, NASEEM SHARIF, TANVEER FATIMA MINAO, IMRAN MUHAMMAD SIDDIQUE, MUZAMIL FAROOQUE JAMALI, NASEEM AKHTAR, MUHAMMAD AZAM e URWA IRSHAD. "EFFECT OF SEED PRIMING ON GERMINATION AND SEEDLING GROWTH OF PAPAYA (Carica papaya L.)". PLANT CELL BIOTECHNOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY, 27 aprile 2022, 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.56557/pcbmb/2022/v23i17-187642.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Seed priming before sowing is well documented to enhance germination and emergence rate of diverse crop species. A pot study was carried out to perceive the efficacy of seed priming on germination and seedling growth of Papaya. Seeds of three papaya varieties including White Beauty, New Sunrise and Mango were used in current study. All primed and unprimed seeds were sown in earthen pots, which were filled with potting medium. Sand, garden soil and farmyard manure were mixed in equal proportion in order to obtain potting medium. The results showed that parameters under observation in this study significantly affected seed priming technique. The results exhibited that germination and other germination related attributes of the papaya seeds were observed decreased with the increasing concentration of potassium sulphate i.e. from 1% to 4%. However the length and weight of shoot and root were observed increased with the increasing concentration of potassium sulphate solution. The highly significant results for most of the germination related parameters obtained from the priming treatment where potassium sulphate was used at 1% with germination percentage (74.08), germination index (2.27) and seedling vigour index (981.28). The maximum shoot length (6.278 cm), root length (16.222 cm) and fresh weight of the shoot (0.7538 g) were noticed from the priming treatment where potassium sulphate was used at 4%. The varietal comparison showed that White beauty had the highest germination percentage (65.54), germination index (1.496) and seedling vigour index (741.29). However maximum shoot (6.222 cm) and root length (14.068 cm) were observed in New Sun rise as compared to White beauty and Mango. There was no significant difference among varieties for mean germination time, fresh weight of shoot and root.
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Zakaria, Marwa, Mohamed Beshir, Tamer Hassan, Asmaa Esh, Eman Abdelaziz, Ridha Tayib e Alaa Nafea. "Role of interleukin 4 (IL4) and interleukin 6 (IL6) in the pathogenesis and prognosis of childhood primary immune thrombocytopenia". European Journal of Pediatrics, 25 aprile 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00431-023-04945-x.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
AbstractImmune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is an autoimmune disease characterized by the breakdown of immune tolerance. Impairment of the cellular immunity is primarily evaluated by the levels of the cytokines which can help in predicting the course of ITP. We aimed to assess the levels of IL4 and IL6 in children with ITP and evaluate their role in the pathogenesis and prognosis of this disease. A prospective cohort study was carried on 60 children (15 patients with newly diagnosed ITP, 15 patients with persistent ITP, 15 patients with chronic ITP and 15 healthy children as a control group). Serum IL-4 and serum IL-6 were measured using Human IL-4 and IL-6 ELISA kit in patients and controls. Patients with newly diagnosed and persistent ITP had significantly higher levels of IL4 and IL6 compared to patients with chronic ITP and healthy controls (p < 0.001). The mean serum level of IL4 was 762.0, 741.0, 364.6 and 436.8 pg/ml, and the mean serum level of IL6 was 178.5, 164.4, 57.9 and 88.4 pg/ml for patients with newly diagnosed, persistent, chronic ITP and healthy controls respectively. Serum IL-4 was significantly higher in patients who achieved remission than those who did not improve on first line therapy.Conclusion: Serum IL-4 and IL-6 may have a role in the pathogenesis of primary ITP. IL-4 seems to be a good predictor to treatment response. What Is Known:• There is a delicate balance of specific cytokine levels in immune thrombocytopenia, which has an important role in the immune system and is known to be deregulated in autoimmune diseases. changes in IL-4 and IL-6 might be involved in the pathogenesis of newly diagnosed ITP in both paediatric and adult patients.• We conducted this research study to measure the serum level of IL-4 and IL-6, in newly diagnosed, persistent and chronic ITP patients and study their relation to disease pathogenesis as well as patient’s outcome.What Is New:• We found that IL4 seems to be a good predictor to treatment response and it was a very interesting observation in our study, and to the best of our knowledge, there is no published data about this finding.
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Gogoi, Pranjal Protim, e Debajyoti Barooah. "Assessment of radon exhalation rates, effective radium content and radiological exposure dose, of coal and rocks in Tiru Valley Coal Field, India using track etched technique". Physica Scripta, 4 luglio 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1402-4896/ac7e01.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Abstract In this study, the outcomes of assessments of radon exhalation rates for both mass and surface, radium content and annual effective dose from 45 numbers of geological samples in Tiru Valley Coal Field area are presented. The nuclear track detector LR-115 (II) of bulk etch rate, VB = 4 µm h-1 with a spark counter to archive alpha track density of radon was used to measure radon exhalation rate from the samples and to assess radiological exposure in the coalfield area, which has significant geological characteristics. In this work, the surface exhalation rates for coal, carbonaceous shale and sandstone samples have been estimated to be in the range of 217.4-659.9 mBq m-2 h-1, 234.0-381.1 mBq m-2 h-1 and 337.1-741.4 mBq m-2 h-1, respectively. The mass exhalation rates for coal, carbonaceous shale and sandstone samples varied in the range of 6.5-19.8 mBq kg–1 h-1, 7.0-11.4 mBq kg–1 h-1, and 10.1-22.2 mBq kg–1 h-1, respectively. The radium contents have been found to vary in the range of 6.7-20.3 Bq kg-1, 7.2-11.8 Bq kg-1 and 10.4-22.9 Bq kg-1 for coal, carbonaceous shale and sandstone respectively. The annual effective doses related to the inhalation of radon from the exposure to the samples have been estimated to be in the range of 15.8-47.9 µSv y-1, 17.0-27.7 µSv y-1 and 24.5-53.8 µSv y-1 for coal, carbonaceous shale and sandstone respectively. In this investigation, the lifetime fatality-risks have also been assessed. The values were generally higher in rock samples than in coal. However, the findings have shown that the obtained values are within the internationally accepted recommended values.
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Slim, May A., Catherine A. Vanstone, Suzanne Morin, Elham Rahme e Hope Weiler. "The Association Among Vitamin D status, Bone Geometry and Muscle Structure in 14 to 18 y Female Adolescents with Usual Intake of < 2 Servings of Milk and Alternatives per Day". FASEB Journal 31, S1 (aprile 2017). http://dx.doi.org/10.1096/fasebj.31.1_supplement.967.6.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The associations among vitamin D status, based on serum 25‐hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD), and bone geometry and muscle structure in adolescents is under investigated. The objective was to explore the relationships among serum 25OHD and bone and muscle parameters of the lower leg and forearm in female adolescents with usual intake of < 2 servings of milk and alternatives per day. Healthy adolescents (14 to 18 y, n=50) from the Greater Montreal area participating in a trial (NCT02236871) were divided into three groups according to serum 25OHD level (<50, n=15; 50–74.9, n= 25; and ≥75 nmol/L, n=10) at baseline. Trabecular and cortical volumetric bone mineral density (vBMD), cortical thickness (CT) and bone area (BA) of the radius (4% and 66% sites), the tibia (4%, 38% and 66% sites) and muscle cross‐sectional area and density (66% sites) were obtained using peripheral quantitative computed tomography (pQCT, XCT‐2000; Stratec). Fasted venous blood was sampled to measure serum 25OHD concentration (Liaison, Diasorin). Lean mass and fat mass were acquired using dual‐energy X‐ray absorptiometry (DXA; Hologic Discovery QDR series). This was followed by standardized anthropometry, individual topological angle (ITA) as well as 24‐hour recall for dietary calcium, vitamin D, total energy and protein intake. All data reflect baseline only. Differences among 25OHD level groups for bone and muscle parameters were tested using mixed model ANOVA with post‐hoc Bonferroni adjustment. Data are presented as mean ± SD unless otherwise stated. Multivariate linear regression models, adjusting for age, height, fat mass, lean mass, ethnicity, skin color and vitamin D intake, were applied to evaluate the association between 25OHD and bone parameters. Participants (n= 50) had a mean age of 16.4 ± 1.5 y and a BMI of 21.7 ± 3.1 kg/m2 (Table 1). No significant differences among the groups were obtained for any of the bone parameters except for trabecular vBMD at the 4% tibia, where the group with 25OHD levels of >75 nmol/L revealed greater vBMD values than the group with less than 50 nmol/L (Figure 1). Muscle parameters did not differ among vitamin D status groups. After applying multivariate linear regression models, the association between 25OHD and bone parameters remained significant for trabecular vBMD of the 4% tibia (Table 2). Findings of this study support a beneficial role of vitamin D status in skeletal health of female youth. Further longitudinal studies are needed to determine whether changes in vitamin D status over time associates with peak bone mass.Support or Funding InformationSupported by a contribution from the Dairy Research Cluster Initiative (Dairy Farmers of Canada, Agriculture and Agri‐food Canada, the Canadian Dairy Network and the Canadian Dairy Commission), Canada Foundation for Innovation and Canada Research Chairs Program Descriptive characteristics of the study population 25OHD Levels (nmol/L) Total Sample, n= 50 < 50, n=15Means ± SD 50 – 74.9, n= 25Means ± SD ≥ 75, n= 10Means ± SD 25OHD (nmol/L) 63.7 ± 27.8 38.9 ± 7.6a 60.3 ± 6.4b 109.2 ± 25.4c Age (y) 16.4 ± 1.5 16.6 ± 1.4 16.4 ± 1.7 16.1 ± 1.3 Ethnicity, white (%)1 66 40 66.7 100 Height (cm) 165.0 ± 7.0 165.9 ± 7.1 164.0 ± 7.3 166.3 ± 6.3 Weight (kg) 60.7 ± 10.8 62.8 ± 12.6 58.8 ± 10.2 62.5 ± 9.9 BMI (kg/m2) 22.2 ± 3.2 22.7 ± 3.5 21.8 ± 3.1 22.6 ± 3.1 Fat Mass (kg) 16.9 ± 5.6 18.0 ± 5.1 15.9 ± 5.6 17.7 ± 6.4 Lean Mass (kg) 42.5 ± 6.9 42.4 ± 7.8 40.6 ± 5.7 42.6 ± 4.7 Vitamin D Intake (IU/d) 108.7 ± 118.4 128.7 ± 106.1 133.6 ± 88.9 128.1 ± 95.2 Calcium Intake (mg/d) 741.4 ± 445.9 705.2 ± 469.6 727.5 ± 449.5 830.8 ± 435.0 Protein Intake (g/d) 73.3 ± 38.6 65.3 ± 36.1 77.8 ± 43.4 74.2 ± 30.4 Total Energy Intake (kcal/d) 1849.8 ± 677.7 1814.7 ± 803.5 1963.2 ± 658.3 1630.4 ± 497.6 Calcium per 1000 kcal 402.8 ± 204.5 371.9 ± 218.3 371.9 ± 192.0 494.3 ± 206.6 Physical Activity (min/wk) 386.6 ± 242.9 318.5 ± 197.1 392.0 ± 215.5 475.6 ± 346.8 Groups with different superscripts are significantly different from each other using a mixed model ANOVA (p<0.0001). Data are expressed as mean ± SD. Ethnicity was defined as 1= white and 2=non‐white including Asian, African and Hispanics. Multiple regression analysis to evaluate the relation between vitamin D status and 4% tibial trabecular volumetric bone mineral density Dependent Variable Regression Model (n=50) R‐square β SE p‐value 4% Tibia Trabecular vBMD (mg/cm3)1 0.20 25OHD (nmol/L) 1.6 0.8 0.04 Age (years) −21.2 15.7 0.2 Whole body fat mass (kg) 0.007 0.004 0.09 Whole body lean mass (kg) −0.0006 0.004 0.99 Height (cm) −1.5 3.7 0.7 Vitamin D intake (IU/d) 0.02 0.2 0.9 Ethnicity (white)2 56.8 54.3 0.4 Multiple linear regression models were used with a stepwise forward procedure to assess the independent association among the bone parameters at each bone site and the 25‐OHD values, including the following covariates (age, height, fat mass, lean mass, ethnicity and vitamin D intake). R‐Square was used as a fit criterion. A variance inflation factor was computed for each independent variable in the model to test for multicollinearity: Values more than 2 were used to indicate a multicollinearity problem in the model. In all analyses, a p‐value less than .05 was considered statistically significant. Ethnicity was defined as 1= white and 2=non‐white including Asian, African and Hispanics.