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Jane Lim-Fat, Mary, Rifaquat Rahman, Alona Muzikansky, Eleanor Woodward, Sydney Whorral, Marie Allen, Mehdi Touat et al. "BIOM-44. GENOMIC PREDICTORS OF ADVERSE EVENTS IN NEWLY DIAGNOSED IDH-WILDTYPE GLIOBLASTOMA". Neuro-Oncology 22, Supplement_2 (novembre 2020): ii11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/noaa215.043.
Abstract (sommario):
Abstract BACKGROUND Adverse outcomes including lymphopenia, thromboembolism (VTE), pseudoprogression and seizures cause significant morbidity in glioblastoma (GBM) patients. The association between genomic biomarkers and adverse outcomes in IDH-wildtype (IDH-wt) GBM needs to be further validated. METHODS We identified 1,011 consecutive adult patients with histologically confirmed GBM with OncoPanel testing (capture-based next-generation sequencing of 447 cancer-associated genes) at Dana-Farber Cancer Institute from 2013–2019. IDH-mutant patients and those without consistent follow-up at DFCI were excluded. Seizure at presentation, lymphopenia (absolute lymphocyte count < 1.0x109/L) at the beginning and end of chemoradiation, VTE, radiographic pseudoprogression (< 6 months of RT end) and early progression (< 6 months since completing RT) were identified retrospectively as adverse events. Single nucleotide variants and indels of relevant genes (Tier 1 or 2 mutations) and copy number analysis were derived. Variables were compared using Wilcoxon rank-sum test or Fisher’s Exact test with p< 0.05 indicating statistical significance. RESULTS Among 557 patients included, 198/508 (39%) had MGMT-methylated GBMs. Seizure at presentation occurred in 176/542 (32%) and was more common in TP53- or RB1-mutant GBM. Pre-RT 83/338 (25%), but not post-RT lymphopenia (249/367, 68%), was associated with PIK3CA mutation. VTE was detected in 74/509 (15%) during follow-up and was associated with mutations in PIK3CA and POLE. Pseudoprogression was noted in 43/457 (9%) of patients and was not associated with MGMT status or genomic alterations. Early progressive disease occurred in 33% of patients and was associated with unmethylated MGMT, PIK3CA, STAG2 and PTPN11 mutations. Median overall survival for the entire cohort was 17.5 months. CONCLUSION PIK3CA mutations were associated with baseline lymphopenia, risk of VTE and early progression in this cohort. Genomic biomarkers may help identify patients at higher risk of select adverse events in IDH-wt GBM. This could benefit patients through tailoring of supportive care and prophylactic therapies.
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Thuan, LD, ND Kha, NT Minh e LHA Thuy. "Novel patterns of the Epstein-Barr nuclear antigen (EBNA-1) V-Val subtype in EBV-associated nasopharyngeal carcinoma from Vietnam". Balkan Journal of Medical Genetics 22, n. 1 (28 agosto 2019): 61–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/bjmg-2019-0011.
Abstract (sommario):
AbstractThe Epstein-Barr nuclear antigen 1 (EBNA-1) gene, plays a key role in viral infection, immortalization, viral genome replication, transcription and maintenance, and is the frequently detected gene, protein in both latent and lytic stage of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). Based on the amino acid at position 487, EBNA-1 was classified into five subtypes, including P-Ala, P-Thr, V-Val, V-Pro and V-Leu. In Vietnam, an Asian country with a high incidence, mortality rates of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), had limited research on the EBNA-1 variation. Therefore, the aim of the current study was to identify the pattern of the EBNA-1 V-Val subtype in Vietnamese NPC patients, for its value further applied in NPC patients. Fifty-eight NPC biopsy samples were collected from local patients, analyzed by nested-polymerase chain reaction (nested-PCR), sequencing and compared to a previous B95-8 prototype sequence. Four EBNA-1 subtypes, including V-Val (35/44, 79.55%), P-Ala (2/44, 4.55%), P-Thr (5/44, 11.36%), and V-Leu (2/44, 4.55%), were observed in 44/58 samples. The sequences of the V-Val subtype were compared to the B95-8 prototype, resulting in five patterns, contained seven consensus changes, including five amino acid changes at positions 487, 499, 502, 524, 594, and two silent changes at residues 520 and 553. Of these, four of five, patterns were identified as novel patterns of the V-Val subtype, showing the different changes of amino acids at positions 492, 528, 529, 553, 585 and 588, by comparison with previous studies of V-Val EBNA-1. Those data suggested the profile of variation patterns of the EBNA-1 gene, related to geographic distribution, in Vietnamese NPC patients.
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Monteiro, Lígia, Manuela Veríssimo, António J. Santos e Brian E. Vaughn. "Envolvimento paterno e organização dos comportamentos de base segura das crianças em famílias portuguesas". Análise Psicológica 26, n. 3 (9 dicembre 2012): 395–409. http://dx.doi.org/10.14417/ap.502.
Abstract (sommario):
Estuda-se, numa amostra de famílias bi-parentais, em que as mães trabalham a tempo inteiro, e as crianças frequentam cuidados não-maternos, várias horas por dia, o envolvimento paterno nas actividades de organização/cuidados (Práticas) e de brincadeira/lazer (Lúdicas). Analisam-se, os correlatos (variáveis socio-demográficas) e as consequências da participação paterna, ao nível da organização dos comportamentos de base segura da criança, com o pai e a mãe. Os participantes são 44 díades mãe/criança e pai/criança, tendo as crianças em média 31.91 meses (DP=2.56). Aplicou-se, a ambos os pais (separadamente), um questionário que avalia o envolvimento parental (Monteiro, Veríssimo, Castro, & Oliveira, 2006), e utilizou-se o Attachment Behavior Q-Set (Waters, 1995) na análise das relações de base segura. Os resultados indicam que é quase sempre a mãe a realizar as Tarefas Práticas e que tanto a mãe como o pai participam nas Actividades Lúdicas. A participação dos pais, nas Actividades Práticas, está significativamente correlacionada com o modo como a criança organiza os seus comportamentos de base segura, na relação com o progenitor, enquanto que, nas Actividades Lúdicas este valor é marginalmente significativo. Apenas a participação paterna, nas Actividades Lúdicas, se encontra significativamente correlacionada com o valor de segurança da criança na relação com a mãe. Nesta amostra a quantidade do envolvimento paterno tem consequências positivas para o desenvolvimento sócio-emocional da criança.
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Samiha Mohamed Ibrahim Abd Elkader e Tarek Mohamed Fathi El-Gohary. "Exploring physical performance using basic fitness test among collegiate students". Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association 72, n. 6 (22 giugno 2022): 1039–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.47391/jpma.502.
Abstract (sommario):
Objective: To determine the effect of recreational status, body weight and risk factors on physical fitness of general students and on agility of physical therapy students. Method: The cross-sectional study was conducted at Taibah University, Medina, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, from November 2018 to April 2019, and comprised general and physical therapy students from the College of Medical Rehabilitation Sciences. Data was obtained related to risk factors, like overweight, smoking and recreational status. Upper body strength, agility and endurance were measured using flexed-arm hang, 11x10 shuttle sprint test, and 1000-meter run test respectively. Data was analysed using SPSS 23. Results: Of the 50 subjects, 30(60%) were physical therapy students and 20(40%) were general students. Overall mean age of the sample was 21.54±1.83 years (range: 18-26), and mean body mass index was 23.34±3.37kg/m2 (range: 16.8-29.4kg/m2). The mean values for overweight status and number of risk factors were significantly different for the shuttle-sprint test (p<0.05), but were non-significant for the recreational status (p>0.05). All the assessed variables had non-significant association (p>0.05) in terms of flexed-arm hang test. Overall, 29(58%) subjects could not complete the 1000-meter run test, and 44(88%) found it a strong exertion. Conclusions: Unhealthy lifestyle significantly impaired physical fitness. Key Words: Agility, Endurance, Motor activity, Risk factors, Young adult.
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Porter, Christopher R. "Seeing is believing". Cancer Biomarkers 4, n. 4-5 (4 novembre 2008): 195–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/cbm-2008-44-502.
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陈, 文雁, 惟泠 叶, 玉梁 施 e 萍波 尹. "川楝素影响大鼠纹状体多巴胺水平的微透析研究". Chinese Science Bulletin 44, n. 5 (1 marzo 1999): 502–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1360/csb1999-44-5-502.
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Elala, Yoseph, Terra L. Lasho, Naseema Gangat, Christy Finke, A. Kamel Abou Hussein, Curtis A. Hanson, Rhett P. Ketterling, Animesh Pardanani e Ayalew Tefferi. "Driver Mutations and Prognosis in 502 Patients with Essential Thrombocythemia". Blood 126, n. 23 (3 dicembre 2015): 1599. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v126.23.1599.1599.
Abstract (sommario):
Abstract Background : In essential thrombocythemia (ET) , ̴ 85% of patients harbor one of three "driver" mutations, with mutational frequencies of approximately 58%, 23% and 4%, for JAK2, CALR and MPL, respectively; ̴ 15% are wild type for all three mutations and are operationally referred to as "triple negative" (Blood. 2014;124:2507). In one of the original descriptions on CALR mutations, CALR -mutated patients with ET, compared to their JAK2-mutated counterparts, were reported to have better survival (NEJM. 2013;369:2379). However, this observation was not supported by subsequent studies while other reports suggested differential prognostic effect from distinct CALR variants in myelofibrosis (Blood. 2014;124:2465). In this study, we sought to clarify the impact of all three mutations, and CALR variants, on overall (OS), myelofibrosis-free (MFS) and leukemia-free (LFS) survival. Methods: Patientswere selected from our institutional database of myeloproliferative neoplasms, based on availability of mutational status inforomation. ET diagnosis was according to WHO criteria (Blood. 2009;114:937). Published methods were used for CALR, JAK2 and MPL mutation analyses and determination of CALR variants (Blood. 2014;124:2465). Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was considered from the date of diagnosis to date of death or last contact. MFS and LFS calculations considered fibrotic or leukemic transformation events as uncensored variables, respectively. Cox proportional hazard regression model was used for multivariable analysis. Results : A total of 502 patients (median age 59 year; 61% females) met study eligibility criteria. Median levels of hemoglobin, platelet count and leukocyte counts were 13.7 g/dL, 893 x 10 (9)/L and 8.8 x 10(9)/L, respectively. All patients were annotated for JAK2/CALR/MPL mutations as well as CALR variants; 324 harbored JAK2, 111 CALR and 13 MPL mutations; 54 patients were triple-negative. The 111 CALR-mutated patients included type 1 (n=55), type 2 (n=41) or other (n=15) CALR variants. At a median follow-up time of 9.9 years, 172 (34.3%) deaths, 42 (8.4%) fibrotic progressions, 15 (3%) blast transformations and 12 (2.4%) polycythemic conversions were documented. In univariate analysis, survival data appeared significantly better in "triple negative" patients (median not reached) and inferior in MPL-mutated cases (median 8.5 years) whereas median survival times were similar for JAK2 (18.5 years) and CALR (22.1 years) mutated cases (Figure 1; p=0.0006). However, the difference in survival was no longer apparent (p=0.60) during multivariable analysis that included age and sex, which are known to differentially cluster with specific driver mutations; in the current study, median age/sex distributions for "triple-negative", CALR, JAK2 and MPL mutated cases were 44 years/72% females, 48 years/46% females, 60 years/65% females, 70 years/46% females, respectively (p=<0.0001/0.0007). Of note, both age and sex were independently predictive of shortened survival. OS data remained unchanged when CALR-mutated patients were further stratified into type 1 vs type 2 vs other CALR variants, with similar survival data between the three CALR mutation groups (p=0.98). In univariate analysis, MPL-mutated patients were significantly more prone to fibrotic progression (Figure 2; p=0.0083). The prognostic relevance of MPL mutations to MFS remained significant when age and sex were included in multivariable analysis (p=0.008). In the current cohort, univariate analysis identified lower hemoglobin and lower platelet count as the only other risk factors for fibrotic progression. Multivariable analysis confirmed the independent prognostic relevance of MPL mutations (p=0.003), lower hemoglobin level (p=0.0009) and lower platelet count (p=0.0094) for MFS. There was no significant difference in LFS among the four driver mutational categories (p=0.9): 9 events in JAK2, 6 in CALR, none in triple negative and none in MPL mutated cases. Among the 6 leukemic transformations in CALR-mutated cases, three were type 1, two type 2, and one other CALR variants. Conclusions : Age- and sex-adjusted survival is similar among ET patients with JAK2 vs CALR vs MPL vs "triple-negative" mutational status. Survival is also similar between patients with distinct CALR variants. MPL -mutated patients with ET might be at a higher risk of fibrotic progression. Figure 1. Figure 1. Figure 2. Figure 2. Disclosures Pardanani: Stemline: Research Funding.
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Ikechukwu, I., E. C. Isah e S. E. Ehinze. "Medicalization of Female Genital Cutting in Sapele Local Government Area, Delta State, Nigeria: The Implication for Health Care Provision in Nigeria". Journal of Community Medicine and Primary Health Care 33, n. 1 (22 marzo 2021): 30–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/jcmphc.v33i1.3.
Abstract (sommario):
Background: Female genital cutting (FGC) affects over 200 million girls and women globally. It is inimical to health and increasingly being performed by healthcare providers. Medicalization of FGC is proposed by its proponents to reduce and prevent the incidence of its complications and though perceived to be safer, it is unethical and unjustifiable. This study assessed medicalization of FGC in Sapele Local Government Area, Delta State and made recommendations geared towards ending its practice.Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among reproductive age women (15 – 44 years) selected using multi-stage sampling. Pre-tested structured questionnaire was used to obtain quantitative data from 502 women while a focus group discussion guide was used to obtain qualitative data. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 20.0 and by themes. Results were presented as tables and narratives.Results: Prevalence of FGC was 277 (55.2%), of which 223 (80.5%) were medicalized. The mean age of cutting was 16.8 ± 5.46 years and nurses performed majority 220 (79.4%) of them. Few 44 (8.8%) of the respondents were aware of possible complications of FGC. Qualitative findings indicated that FGC is still being practiced with nurses being reported as major practitioners.Conclusion: Despite concerted efforts to eliminate FGC, its practice is still propagated with increasing heath workers as practitioners. Advocacy and health education for women and girls as well as training and retraining of health care providers is imperative to check this trend.
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Balcells, J., M. Fondevila, J. A. Guada, C. Castrillo e J. C. E. Surra. "Urinary excretions of purine derivatives and nitrogen in sheep given straw supplemented with different sources of carbohydrates". Animal Science 57, n. 2 (ottobre 1993): 287–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003356100006905.
Abstract (sommario):
AbstractEstimations of purine derivatives excretion and urinary-nitrogen loss were used to test the response of rumen fermentation to supplementation of straw with different sources of carbohydrate. Two groups of Rasa Aragonesa ewes (44 (s.e. 0·75) kg live weight were given ad libitum basal diets of either ammonia-treated (ATS) or urea-supplemented (USS) barley straw, with 12 animals per basal diet group. Three supplements, barley grain, sugar-beet pulp or grass hay, respectively, were given to each basal diet group, giving a total of six dietary treatments with four animals per treatment group. Four levels of supplementation were studied (150, 300, 450 and 600 g air dry matter per day), one in each of four experimental periods. Each 45-day experimental period comprised 38 days of adjustment followed by a 7-day measurement period. Digestible organic matter (DOM) intake was higher in animals receiving ATS than in animals receiving USS (504 v. 474 (s.e. 21·1) g/day, P < 0·005) and higher in animals receiving barley grain and sugar-beet pulp than in those receiving grass hay (512 and 496 v. 370 (s.e. 25·9) g/day, P < 0·005). DOM intake also increased with the level of supplementation and this increase was greater with barley grain (504 to 634 and 314 to 554 g/day for ATS and USS) and sugar-beet pulp (440 to 582 and 315 to 522 g/day) than with grass hay (430 to 407 and 267 to 370 for ATS and USS). Urinary excretions of hypoxanthine, xanthine and uric acid were not affected by the experimental treatment whereas allantoin excretion (y, mmol) increased in response to DOM intake (x, kg) (y = 13·72 × − 0·26; r = 0·79; P < 0·001; no. = 96). The response in allantoin excretion was mainly explained by the increase in DOM intake. However when data were expressed per unit of DOM intake significant differences were still evident. Allantoin/DOM intake (mmol·kg) ratio and calculated microbial nitrogen (g·kg DOM intake) supply were lower with USS diets and sugar-beet pulp supplemented diets (P< 0·05) and increased significantly with level of supplementation (P < 0·001).
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Fukuda, Hironori, Tsunenori Kondo, Kenji Omae, Toshio Takagi e Kazunari Tanabe. "Treatment-related deterioration of renal function as a biomarker to predict antitumor efficacy of sunitinib in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma." Journal of Clinical Oncology 33, n. 7_suppl (1 marzo 2015): 502. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2015.33.7_suppl.502.
Abstract (sommario):
502 Background: Some on-target adverse events such as hypertension or thrombocytopenia have been reported as biomarkers predicting the efficacy of sunitinib as first-line therapy for patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC). Decrease of renal function is a major adverse event of sunitinib. However, it remains unclear whether the degree of deterioration of renal function can predict the anti-tumor efficacy of sunitinib. We investigated the relationship between treatment-related deterioration of renal function and anti-tumor efficacy in mRCC patients treated with sunitinib. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of mRCC patients who were treated with sunitinib for more than 3 months. Patients receiving hemodialysis before receiving sunitinib as well as those who did not undergo nephrectomy were excluded from our analysis. Renal function was evaluated by the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) calculated using the MDRD equation modified for Japanese patients. The degree of deterioration in eGFR was compared with progression-free survival (PFS). Results: Sixty-two patients were enrolled, the median age was 65 years, and 44 patients (71%) were male. The median baseline eGFR was 49.1 ml/min/1.73m2, and median decrease of eGFR was 9.9 ml/min/1.73m2. Forty-seven patients (76%) had a decreased eGFR of more than 10% compared to baseline values. The patients showing this decrease had significantly longer PFS than those who did not (PFS: 15.5 months vs. 6.1 months, respectively; p=0.001). On multivariate analysis, a decrease in eGFR of more than 10% was a significant independent factor for predicting longer PFS (hazard ratio, 0.37; 95% confidence interval, 0.17-0.83; p=0.017) as well as MSKCC risk groups and cycles of sunitinib. Conclusions: Treatment-related deterioration of renal function is a biomarker to predict better treatment efficacy for use of sunitinib during first-line therapy for patients with mRCC.
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Heremans, K., Carolien Dirix, Filip Meersman, Helge Pfeiffer e Laszlo Smeller. "Pressure-induced amorphization in biopolymers". Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter 14, n. 44 (11 ottobre 2002): 11477–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0953-8984/14/44/502.
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Gupta, Anil K., Yaneicy Gonzalez Rojas, Erick Juarez, Manuel Crespo Casal, Jaynier Moya, Diego Rodrigues Falci, Elias H. Sarkis et al. "502. Early COVID-19 Treatment with SARS-CoV-2 Neutralizing Antibody Sotrovimab". Open Forum Infectious Diseases 8, Supplement_1 (1 novembre 2021): S353—S354. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofab466.701.
Abstract (sommario):
Abstract Background COVID-19 disproportionately results in hospitalization and death in older patients and those with underlying comorbidities. Sotrovimab is a pan-sarbecovirus monoclonal antibody that binds a highly conserved epitope of the SARS-CoV-2 receptor binding domain and has an Fc modification that increases half-life. Sotrovimab retains activity against UK, S. Africa, Brazil, India, New York and California variants in vitro. Objectives To evaluate the efficacy and safety of treatment with sotrovimab in high-risk, non-hospitalized patients with mild/moderate COVID-19, as part of the COMET-ICE clinical trial. Methods Multicenter, double-blind, phase 3 trial in non-hospitalized patients with symptomatic COVID-19 and ≥1 risk factor for disease progression were randomized 1:1 to an IV infusion of sotrovimab 500 mg or placebo. The primary efficacy endpoint was the proportion of patients with COVID-19 progression, defined as hospitalization > 24 hours or death, due to any cause, ≤29 days of randomization. Results The study met the pre-defined primary efficacy endpoint in a preplanned interim analysis: the risk of COVID-19 progression was significantly reduced by 85% (97.24% CI, 44% to 96%; P = 0.002) in 583 patients. In the final intention-to-treat analysis (N = 1057), the adjusted relative risk reduction was 79% (95% CI, 50% to 91%; p< 0.001) through Day 29 in recipients of sotrovimab (n=528) vs. placebo (n=529). Treatment with sotrovimab (ITT) resulted in a numerical reduction in the need for ER visits for illness management, hospitalization for acute illness management (any duration) or death (any cause) compared to placebo. No participants on sotrovimab required ICU admission, compared to 9 participants on placebo, of whom 4 participants required mechanical ventilation. No participants who received sotrovimab died, compared to 4 participants on placebo. The incidence of adverse events was similar between treatment arms and SAEs were numerically more common in the placebo arm. Conclusion Treatment with sotrovimab 500 mg IV resulted in a clinically and statistically significant reduction in progression of COVID-19 to hospitalization or death in patients with mild/moderate disease and was well-tolerated. Study funding GSK & VIR; NCT04545060 Disclosures Jaynier Moya, MD, VIR Biotechnology (Other Financial or Material Support, Jaynier Moya received non-financial support for serving as a clinical trial investigator for Vir Biotechnology) Diego Rodrigues Falci, MD, MSc, PhD, Gilead Sciences (Grant/Research Support, Scientific Research Study Investigator, Speaker's Bureau)GSK (Grant/Research Support, Scientific Research Study Investigator, Advisor or Review Panel member)MSD (Speaker's Bureau)Pfizer (Speaker's Bureau)United Medical (Speaker's Bureau, Other Financial or Material Support) Joel Solis, MD, VIR Biotechnology (Other Financial or Material Support, Joel Solis received non-financial support for serving as a clinical trial investigator for Vir Biotechnology) Hanzhe Zheng, PhD, VIR Biotechnology (Employee) Nicola Scott, MSc, GlaxoSmithKline (Employee, Shareholder) Andrea L. Cathcart, PhD, Gilead (Shareholder)VIR (Employee, Shareholder) Christy Hebner, PhD, Vir Biotechnology (Employee, Shareholder) Jennifer Sager, PhD, GSK (Other Financial or Material Support)Vir Biotechnology (Employee, Shareholder) Erik Mogalian, PharmD, PhD, Vir Biotechnology (Employee, Shareholder) Daren Austin, PhD, GlaxoSmithKline (Employee, Shareholder) Amanda Peppercorn, MD, GlaxoSmithKline (Employee) Elizabeth L. Alexander, MD, MSc, GlaxoSmithKline (Grant/Research Support, Other Financial or Material Support)VIR Biotechnology (Employee, Shareholder, GSK pharmaceuticals) Wendy W. Yeh, MD, Vir Biotechnology (Employee) Almena Free, MD, Amgen (Scientific Research Study Investigator)Astra Zeneca (Scientific Research Study Investigator)Cardurian (Scientific Research Study Investigator)Coherus (Scientific Research Study Investigator)Freenome (Scientific Research Study Investigator)GlaxoSmithKline/Vir (Scientific Research Study Investigator)Ionis (Scientific Research Study Investigator)Kowa (Scientific Research Study Investigator)New Amsterdam (Scientific Research Study Investigator)Regenacy (Scientific Research Study Investigator)Romark (Scientific Research Study Investigator)Scynexis (Scientific Research Study Investigator) Cynthia Brinson, MD, Abbvie (Scientific Research Study Investigator)BI (Scientific Research Study Investigator)Gilead Sciences Inc. (Scientific Research Study Investigator, Advisor or Review Panel member, Speaker's Bureau, Personal fees)GSK (Scientific Research Study Investigator)Novo Nordisk (Scientific Research Study Investigator)ViiV Healthcare (Scientific Research Study Investigator, Advisor or Review Panel member, Speaker's Bureau) Melissa Aldinger, PharmD, VIR Biotechnology (Employee) Adrienne Shapiro, MD, PhD, Vir Biotechnology (Scientific Research Study Investigator)
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McDonnell, Mark, Catherine Bouvier, Marianne E. Pavel, Harjit Singh, James R. Howe, Simron Singh, Jie Chen et al. "Survey of challenges in access to diagnostics and treatment for neuroendocrine tumor patients (SCAN): The diagnostic process of GEP-NETs in Australia, Canada, China, France, Germany, the United Kingdom, and the United States of America." Journal of Clinical Oncology 40, n. 4_suppl (1 febbraio 2022): 502. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2022.40.4_suppl.502.
Abstract (sommario):
502 Background: SCAN assessed the global delivery of NET diagnostics and treatment. This analysis focused on the diagnostic process in gastroenteropancreatic (GEP) neuroendocrine tumor (NET) patients in countries with more robust respondent samples (at least 100 units of analysis): Australia (AU), Canada (CA), China (CH), France (FR), Germany (DE), United Kingdom (UK), and the United States (USA). Methods: During Sept-Nov 2019, 2359 NET patients & caregivers, and 436 healthcare professionals (HCPs) completed a self-reported online survey, available in 14 languages, disseminated via INCA and its partner networks. Results: 71% (1670/2359) were GEP-NET patients, 71% of which were from 7 countries (1188/1670), namely AU (7%, 120/1670), CA (9%, 154/1670), CH (7%, 114/1670), FR (8%, 137/1670), DE (9%, 149/1670), UK (11%, 191/1670) and USA (19%, 323/1670). Primary GEP-NETs were predominantly small intestinal (SI) with similar proportions in AU, CA, DE, FR,, UK and US and smaller in CH (*p < 0.001, Chi-squared). Second most common primary was pancreatic NET (similar across countries). Misdiagnosis was very frequent and occurred at least once but most commonly multiple times (table). The most frequent misdiagnoses were irritable bowel syndrome (AU 60%, CA 34%, CH 14%, FR 27%, DE 31%, UK 55%, USA 55%) and gastritis (AU 42%, CA 37%, CH 51%, FR 51%, DE 37%, UK 30%, USA 51%). Patients presented with stage IV disease in more than half of cases in 5 countries (table). On average three HCPs were involved in the diagnostic process in all above-mentioned countries. The HCPs who most often suggested the test that led to the correct diagnosis were gastroenterologists in CH 28%, FR 43%, DE 34%, USA 28%, and GPs in AU 28%, CA 27%, and UK 24% (45/191). In the majority of cases the diagnosis was received in a hospital without a NET specialist, except for CH (AU 38%; CA 42%; CH 25%; FR 36%, DE 51%, UK 44%, USA 45%). Conclusions: SCAN demonstrates some interesting geographical variations with respect to tumor demographics and stage at presentation. Nonetheless, delayed GEP-NET diagnosis remains a significant global challenge. Enhanced knowledge about GEP-NETs in hospitals without NET specialists, especially among gastroenterologists and family doctors (GPs), will drive improvements in global NET care.[Table: see text]
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Tomita, Yoshihiko, Sei Naito, Naoto Sassa, Atsushi Takahashi, Tsunenori Kondo, Takuya Koie, Wataru Obara et al. "Sunitinib versus sorafenib as first-line therapy for patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma with favorable or intermediate MSKCC risk factors: A multicenter randomized trial, CROSS-J-RCC." Journal of Clinical Oncology 32, n. 4_suppl (1 febbraio 2014): 502. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2014.32.4_suppl.502.
Abstract (sommario):
502 Background: Sorafenib (SO), an earlier introduced kinase inhibitor, and sunitinib (SU), a standard first-line treatment drug for metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC), were associated with progression-free survival (PFS) of 5.7 and 11 months (M) in independent clinical trials, respectively. We compared PFS of first-line SU and SO in a multicenter, randomized, open-label, phase III trial. Methods: Patients with untreated, measurable (by RECIST v1.1) clear-cell mRCC stratified according to MSKCC risk criteria, nephrectomy, and institution were randomized in 1:1 to receive SU (50 mg qd 4 wks on-2 wks off) or SO (400 mg bid). The calculated sample size was 59/group for α = 0.05, β = 0.10, and a censoring rate of 15%. Results: Of 124 enrolled patients, from Feb. 2010 to Jul. 2012, from 39 institutions, 120 were evaluable (SU, 57 and SO, 63). Patient baseline characteristics in the SU vs SO groups were as follows: favorable risk, 21% vs 22%; presence of stable brain metastasis, 8.8% vs 1.6% and with nephrectomy, 88% vs 89%. Median PFS (mPFS) was 8.7 and 7.0 M in the SU and SO groups, respectively (hazard ratio [HR] 0.67, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.42–1.08; p= 0.095). mPFS was 31.2 and 6.2 M (HR 0.27, 95%CI 0.08–0.90; p = 0.023) in the favorable risk group, 11.9 and 6.5 M (HR 0.31, 95%CI 0.14–0.69; p = 0.035) in patients with T1 or T2 primary tumors, and 11.6 and 7.0 M (HR 0.41, 95%CI 0.36–0.98; p = 0.038) in those without brain metastasis, in the SU and SO groups, respectively. Objective response rates for SU group was 35.3%; SO was 27.8% (p = 0.407). Overall survival was not reached. The most common adverse events (all grade, all cause) were hand-foot syndrome (SU vs SO, 71% vs 86%), hypothyroidism (70% vs 33%), fatigue (57% vs 40%), hypertension (55% vs 44%) and diarrhea (23% vs 38%). Conclusions: The primary endpoint was not achieved, but SU tended to be associated with longer mPFS in all cases. In patients with favorable risk, T1 or T2 primary tumors or in those without brain metastasis, significantly longer mPFS were noticed. Brain metastasis was associated with poorer prognosis even if it was stable at baseline. Clinical trial number: NCT01481870. Clinical trial information: 01481870.
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Moreno-Aspitia, Alvaro, Eileen McCormick Holmes, Christian Jackisch, Evandro De Azambuja, Frances M. Boyle, David W. Hillman, Larissa A. Korde et al. "Updated results from the phase III ALTTO trial (BIG 2-06; NCCTG (Alliance) N063D) comparing one year of anti-HER2 therapy with lapatinib alone (L), trastuzumab alone (T), their sequence (T→L) or their combination (L+T) in the adjuvant treatment of HER2-positive early breast cancer." Journal of Clinical Oncology 35, n. 15_suppl (20 maggio 2017): 502. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2017.35.15_suppl.502.
Abstract (sommario):
502 Background: Pre-specified 5-year analyses of the phase III Adjuvant Lapatinib and/or Trastuzumab Treatment Optimisation (ALTTO) Trial defined in Amendments 11&12. Methods: From June 2007 to July 2011, 8381 patients (pts) were randomised from 946 sites in 44 countries to receive either L+T, T→L, L, or T. In 2011, due to futility the L arm was closed and is not included in this analysis. The primary end point is disease-free survival (DFS). Secondary objectives include treatment comparisons with respect to overall survival (OS), time to recurrence (TTR), time to distant recurrence (TDR), cardiac and overall safety and tolerability. Primary analysis results of the study were published in JCO 2015 34:1034-1042. This updated analysis occurs at a 6.9 yrs median follow up (MFU). Results: All patients have reached 5-years of follow-up. 705 DFS events for L+T vs T have been observed. HR for DFS was 0.86 (95% CI, 0.74-1.00; 6-yr DFS%=85% vs 82%) for L+T vs T and 0.93 (95% CI, 0.81-1.08; 6-yr DFS%=84% vs 82%) for T→L vs. T. The 6-year OS was 93%, 92%, and 91% for L+T, T→L, and T, respectively. HR for OS was 0.86 (95% CI, 0.70-1.06) for L+T vs. T and 0.88 (95% CI, 0.71-1.08) for T→L vs. T. DFS differences for L+T vs. T were slightly higher for the hormone-receptor(ER)-negative [HR 0.80 (95% CI, 0.64-1.00; 6-yr DFS%=84% vs. 80%)] and the sequential chemotherapy [HR 0.83 (95% CI, 0.69-1.00; 6-yr DFS%=83% vs.79%)] subgroups. There were no differences in sites of first DFS events according to treatment arm for CNS, loco-regional, or distant recurrences. There were more AEs related to study treatment (L+T 93% vs T 64%). The incidence of primary cardiac end points was low: 1% for L+T, 0.5% for T→L and 0.9% for T. Conclusions: The HRs for this updated analysis are similar to those from the Primary Analysis and the event rate remains lower than anticipated (705 vs 850 planned). Cardiac toxicity remains low. This analysis suggests that HER2+/ER- tumors may have a different biology than HER2+/ER+ and may benefit more from dual HER2 blockade. Long-term follow up continues. Clinical trial information: NCT00490139.
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Kruglova, L. S., e T. V. Korotaeva. "Medical and social care program for patients with psoriasis and/or psoriatic arthritis eligible for biological dmards in real clinical practice". Rheumatology Science and Practice 58, n. 5 (9 novembre 2020): 495–502. http://dx.doi.org/10.47360/1995-4484-2020-495-502.
Abstract (sommario):
High prevalence in different age groups, a significant decrease in patient’s quality of life, and potentially unfavorable outcomes, especially in association with comorbid pathologies define the medico-social significance of psoriasis. The article analyzes the clinical and anamnestic data obtained within the program of medical and social support of patients with psoriasis (PsO) and / or high-to-moderate severity psoriatic arthritis (PsA) “Take control of psoriasis”, launched by ROOI “Human Health” in the conjunction with the Interregional Charitable Public Organization “Skin and Allergic Diseases”. The study involved 20 physicians (8 dermatologists and 12 rheumatologists) from 11 cities and regions of Russia. The program lasted for 3 months and included one-time epidemiologic data collection of 564 patients and educational sessions, aimed to inform patients about their disease features, risk factors, and current international approaches to diagnostics. Every third patient demonstrated the features of both – psoriatic arthritis and psoriasis, established by two specialties – dermatologists and rheumatologists co-existing PsO+PsA in the majority of patients (94%). Patients with various forms of PsO and PsA had comorbid conditions, with prevailing cardiovascular, endocrine and metabolic disorders. Cardiovascular diseases prevailed in the structure of comorbid pathology showing 44% incidence, followed by endocrine disorders (metabolic syndrome, diabetes mellitus) diagnosed in 23% sometimes associated with other diseases in a proportion of patients; 37% patients were overweight or obese based on BMI, especially those receiving biologics. 58% and 49% of patients in the age group of 45–59 years received biologic therapy under the supervision of dermatologists and rheumatologists, respectively. In contrast, patients aged 18–44 years were more likely to be on biologic therapy administered by a rheumatologist – 43%, with only 27% treated by dermatologists. Among all patients on biologic therapy dermatological patients’ mean age was 47.95 years and rheumatological – 40.84 years. Therapy with biologics made it possible to achieve PASI 75 in PsO and minimal disease activity in PsA significantly more often (in 95% and 72% of patients) than therapy with conventional DMARDs / tsDMARD (in 43% and 27%) and other types of therapy (in 64% and 14%, respectively).
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Zhu, Jian Feng, Lan Ye, Xi Hong Li e Fen Wang. "Fabrication of TiN/Al2O3 Composites by a Novel Method". Applied Mechanics and Materials 44-47 (dicembre 2010): 2504–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.44-47.2504.
Abstract (sommario):
A novel method of the combination of high energy milling and hot pressing was adapted to fabricate dense titanium nitride-alumina (TiN/Al2O3) in situ composites using Ti, Al and TiO2 as raw materials. Full dense and pure TiN/Al2O3 composites were fabricated at 1300 °C for 1 h under 10 MPa. The composition, microstructure and mechanical properties of the as-fabricated products were investigated. The results show that the synthesized TiN/Al2O3 composites possess high purity. The TiN/Al2O3 composites have a good combination of mechanical properties of hardness of 18.0 GPa, the flexural strength of 500 MPa, and the fracture toughness (KIC) of 5.2 MPa•m1/2. The strengthening and toughening mechanisms are also discussed.
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Alam, Shahinul, Utpal Das Gupta, Jahangir Kabir, Sheikh Mohammad Noor-E-Alam, Ziaur Rahman Chowdhury e A. K. M. Khorshed Alam. "Transaminases and gamma glutamyl transpeptidase for detecting nonalcoholic steatohepatitis and fibrosis in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease". Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University Journal 8, n. 1 (26 luglio 2016): 61. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bsmmuj.v8i1.28923.
Abstract (sommario):
<p><strong>Background:</strong> Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and advanced fibrosis are the spectrum of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) that may progress to cirrhosis.</p><p><strong>Objective:</strong> We aimed to determine the detecting capacity of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and gamma glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) for NASH and <br />significant fibrosis.</p><p><strong>Methods:</strong> Demographic and laboratory data of 502 sonologically diagnosed NAFLD patients were retrospectively analysed. Area under receiver operating characteristics curve (AUROC) was performed for NASH and fibrosis score ≥2 (significant fibrosis) with ALT, AST and GGT of 233 biopsied patients.</p><p><strong>Results:</strong> Of 502 patients ALT, AST and GGT was elevated in 252 (50.1 %), 184 (36.7%) and 138 (27.4%) respectively. There was no difference in histological activity and fibrosis score between normal and elevated ALT and AST. Forty two (40.2%) NASH and 23(20.2%) significant fibrosis had normal ALT level. GGT was differed in NASH and Non NASH (p< .005) and between significant fibrosis (p< .01) and insignificant fbrosis. To detect NASH AUROC curve ofGGT was 67.5%, whereas of ALT and AST was 55.2% and 55.7%. For significant fibrosis AUROC curve of ALT, AST and GGT was 44, 50 and 68.4 % respectively. GGT level of39.5 U/L could detect NASH with a 63% sensitivity and 65% specificity irrespective of sex. GGT 40.5U/L had 60% sensitivity and 59 % specificity to detect significant fibrosis. For fibrosis ≥2 AUROC curve was 75.4% in male.</p><p><strong>Conclusion:</strong> No optimal ALT and AST level could detect NASH and fibrosis. GGT level of 40 U/L had a better detecting capacity for NASH and fibrosis especially in male. </p>
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Bouza, Carmen, e Teresa López-Cuadrado. "Epidemiology and Trends of Sepsis in Young Adults Aged 20–44 Years: A Nationwide Population-Based Study". Journal of Clinical Medicine 9, n. 1 (27 dicembre 2019): 77. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm9010077.
Abstract (sommario):
Background: While sepsis may have especially marked impacts in young adults, there is limited population-based information on its epidemiology and trends. Methods: Population-based longitudinal study on sepsis in adults aged 20–44 years using the 2006–2015 Spanish national hospital discharge database. Cases are identified by an ICD-9-CM coding strategy. Primary endpoints are incidence and in-hospital mortality. Trends are assessed for annual percentage change (AAPC) in rates using Joinpoint regression models. Results: 28,351 cases are identified, representing 3.06‰ of all-cause hospitalisations and a crude incidence of 16.4 cases/100,000 population aged 20–44. The mean age is 36 years, 58% of cases are men, and around 60% have associated comorbidities. Seen in one third of cases, the source of infection is respiratory. Single organ dysfunction is recorded in 45% of cases. In-hospital mortality is 24% and associated with age, comorbidity and extent of organ dysfunction. Incidence rates increase over time in women (AAPC: 3.8% (95% CI: 2.1, 5.5)), whereas case-fatality decline with an overall AAPC of −5.9% (95% CI −6.6, −5.2). Our results indicate that sepsis is common in young adults and associated with high in-hospital mortality, though it shows a decreasing trend. The substantial increase in incidence rates in women needs further research.
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Yucel, Deniz, e Charis Psaltis. "Intergroup contact and willingness for renewed cohabitation in Cyprus: Exploring the mediating and moderating mechanisms". Group Processes & Intergroup Relations 23, n. 4 (18 giugno 2019): 578–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1368430219845053.
Abstract (sommario):
One of the major challenges in divided societies is finding ways to overcome geographical partition by increasing readiness for cohabitation in mixed areas. Cyprus has faced a protracted situation of division (between Greek Cypriots and Turkish Cypriots) for the last 44 years. In this paper, we explore the role of intergroup contact (both quantity and quality of contact) in enhancing the willingness of members of these two communities to reestablish cohabitation, using representative survey samples from both communities. We hypothesize that such an effect is mediated by a decrease in the levels of prejudice between the two communities and an increase in the levels of trust. In addition, we hypothesize that the direct effect of intergroup contact and the indirect effect of intergroup contact through trust and prejudice are both moderated by age. To explore these hypotheses, we collected data from a representative sample of 502 Greek Cypriots and 504 Turkish Cypriots. The hypotheses are tested among the Greek Cypriot and Turkish Cypriot samples separately. In both samples, the results show that the positive effect of intergroup contact on willingness for renewed cohabitation is mediated by both trust and prejudice. There is also some support for the moderating effect of age for both the direct and indirect effects of intergroup contact.
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Brock, Patricia, Hiba Dagher, Adriana H. Wechsler, Demis N. Lipe, Patrick Chaftari, Anne-Marie Chaftari, Maria S. Gaeta et al. "542. Use of Bamlanivimab in Cancer Patients with Mild-to-Moderate COVID-19". Open Forum Infectious Diseases 8, Supplement_1 (1 novembre 2021): S372—S373. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofab466.741.
Abstract (sommario):
Abstract Background Bamlanivimab is a monoclonal antibody that was granted an emergency use authorization by the US Food and Drug Administration in November 2020 for patients with mild to moderate coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). It initially showed promising results with decreasing hospitalizations and return emergency department visits in immunocompetent patients. We evaluated the role of bamlanivimab in the cancer patient population. Methods We conducted a retrospective matched study of all cancer patients diagnosed with mild to moderate COVID-19 who received bamlanivimab in our acute cancer care center (ACCC) from December 2020 to February 2021. These patients were compared to a control group of cancer patients who presented to our ACCC and were diagnosed with mild to moderate COVID-19 from March to November 2020 before the introduction of bamlanivimab. Control patients were matched by age and underlying malignancy. All patients had a baseline oxygen saturation ≥ 94% and an absolute neutrophil count > 500 mm3. Demographics, clinical characteristics, and outcome that included COVID-related admissions, oxygen desaturation, ICU admission and 30-day mortality were compared in both groups. Results A total of 108 patients were analyzed with 54 patients in each group, of which 59% consisted of hematologic malignancies, and 33% were ≥ 65 years. The presenting symptoms were similar in both groups and mainly consisted of cough, fever, and dyspnea. Patients who received bamlanivimab were less likely to be admitted to the hospital (24% vs. 91%; p< 0.0001), experience oxygen desaturation < 94% during follow-up (11% vs 44%; p=0.0001), require oxygen supplement (7% vs. 44%; p< 0.0001), or be admitted to the ICU (4% vs 15%; p=0.046). No 30-day mortality was observed in the bamlanivimab group with 2 (4%) occurring in the control group. However, the difference was not significant. Conclusion Bamlanivimab decreased hospital and ICU admissions in cancer patients. In addition, bamlanivimab reduced oxygen requirement and the risk of hypoxia and progression to severe disease in this patient population. Disclosures Samuel L. Aitken, PharmD, MPH, BCIDP, Melinta Therapeutoics (Individual(s) Involved: Self): Consultant, Grant/Research Support
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Zivanovic, O., D. S. Chi, E. L. Eisenhauer, Y. Sonoda, D. A. Levine, C. L. Brown e R. R. Barakat. "A contemporary analysis of the ability of preoperative serum CA-125 to predict primary cytoreductive outcome in patients with advanced ovarian, tubal, and peritoneal carcinoma". Journal of Clinical Oncology 25, n. 18_suppl (20 giugno 2007): 5572. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2007.25.18_suppl.5572.
Abstract (sommario):
5572 Background: We previously reported that preoperative CA-125 may predict primary cytoreductive outcome in patients (pts) with stage III ovarian carcinoma. We performed a contemporary analysis of the ability of preop CA-125 to predict cytoreductive outcome in advanced ovarian, tubal and peritoneal carcinoma. Methods: In 1/01, we initiated a programmatic change in our primary surgical approach to advanced gynecologic malignancies using extensive upper abdominal procedures to achieve maximal cytoreduction. We reviewed the records of all pts with advanced ovarian, tubal or peritoneal carcinoma who underwent primary cytoreduction at our institution between 1/01 and 4/05. Results: The study cohort included 277 pts. Primary disease site was: ovary; 232 (84%); tubal, 9 (3%); and peritoneum, 36 (13%). Stage was: IIIA, 6 (2%); IIIB, 12 (4%); IIIC, 215 (78%); and IV, 44 (16%). Tumor grade was: I, 6 (2%); II, 30 (11%), III, 235 (85%), and unknown, 6 (2%). Cytoreductive outcome was: no gross residual disease (RD), 68 (25%); ≤ 1 cm RD, 153 (55%); and > 1 cm RD, 56 (20%). There was no threshold CA-125 level that accurately predicted cytoreductive outcome. With CA-125 values > 500 U/mL, 50% (57/113) of pts required extensive upper abdominal surgery to achieve RD ≤ 1 cm, compared to 27% (25/93) for those with CA-125 < 500 U/mL (P = 0.03). The table demonstrates the number of pts cytoreduced to = 1 cm RD in relation to preoperative serum CA-125 and the proportion of pts who needed extensive upper abdominal surgery to achieve this degree of cytoreduction. Conclusions: After the incorporation of extensive upper abdominal procedures, preop CA-125 did not predict the primary cytoreductive outcome of pts with advanced ovarian, tubal or peritoneal carcinoma. With preoperative CA-125 > 500 U/mL, extensive upper abdominal procedures were necessary in 50% of pts to achieve residual disease ≤ 1 cm. These data may be useful as part of preoperative surgical counseling and planning. [Table: see text] No significant financial relationships to disclose.
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Irawan, Chairul, Rinny Jelita e Iryanti Fatyasari Nata. "Recovery of Aluminum from Aluminum Coated Plastic Waste using Pyrolysis Process". Reaktor 18, n. 1 (28 maggio 2018): 38. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/reaktor.18.1.38-44.
Abstract (sommario):
This study aims to separate aluminum metal in aluminum coated plastic waste so that it is known the obtained aluminum characteristics, to study the effects of temperature on the yield of solids and aluminum, and to get the kinetic parameters that describe the effects of temperature on pyrolysis process rate. Plastic waste was cleaned, dried, cut, and weighed as much as 100 grams. Pyrolysis lasted in room temperature in 2 hours after the pyrolysis temperature was reached, i.e. 450oC. The formed smoke was condensed and weighed every 10 minutes from the first droplet until the pyrolysis time was completed. The remaining solids in the reactor were taken after the pyrolysis was completed and reactor temperature reached room temperature. The aluminum mixture was subsequently melted, molded and cooled. Experiments were repeated in various pyrolysis temperature variations (500°C, 550°C, 600°C and 650°C). The results show that the increase of pyrolysis temperature will decrease the yield of solids, while the aluminum yield remains. The obtained aluminum metal is 5.3% against the initial plastic mass in purity of 95.80%. The kinetic model representing plastic pyrolysis process is a single reaction model with the value of kinetic parameters of pre-exponential factor (A) 18.2689 min-1 and the activation energy value (E) 40.2310 kJ/mole. Keywords: aluminum, pyrolysis, plastic wastes, temperature, kinetic parameter
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De Blasi, M., M. Rubessa, G. Albero, S. Lavrentiadou, V. Sapanidou, B. Gasparrini e M. Tsantarliotou. "44 REACTIVE OXYGEN SPECIES IN VITRIFIED BOVINE IN VITRO-MATURED OOCYTES". Reproduction, Fertility and Development 24, n. 1 (2012): 134. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rdv24n1ab44.
Abstract (sommario):
Vitrification of in vitro-matured oocytes has important applications in fertility preservation and management of genetic resources. However, despite the increasing interest, the efficiency of oocyte vitrification needs to be improved. It was demonstrated that under stressful conditions of cryopreserving pig oocytes accumulate reactive oxygen species (ROS; Gupta et al. 2010 Fertility and Sterility 93, 2602–2607). Reactive oxygen species are known to exert harmful effects such as mitochondrial damage, ATP (ATP) depletion, altered calcium oscillation during fertilization and consequently their developmental ability may be compromised (Takahashi et al. 2003 Mol. Reprod. Dev. 66, 143–152). The aim of the present study was to evaluate whether the exposure to cryoprotectants and vitrification procedure affect ROS production in bovine in vitro-matured oocytes. Abattoir-derived bovine (n = 360, over 6 replicates) cumulus oocyte complexes (COCs), were in vitro-matured. COCs were mechanically stripped of their cumulus cells by gentle pipetting, washed and divided into 3 groups: control (C; i.e. fresh non treated oocytes), toxicity (T) and vitrification (V) groups. In group V, oocytes were exposed to 10% ethylene glycol (EG) + 10% DMSO for 3 min, then to 20% EG + 20% DMSO and 0.5 M sucrose, loaded on cryotops and plunged into liquid nitrogen within 25 s. Oocytes were warmed into a 1.25 M sucrose solution for 1 min and then to decreasing concentrations of sucrose (0.625 M, 0.42 M and 0.31 M) for 30 s each. In group T, oocytes were simply exposed to the vitrification and warming solutions. ROS determination was carried out by a spectrofluorometer at 495 nm excitation and 525 nm emission. Frozen oocytes were thawed and incubated in 500 μL of TRIS-HCl 40 mM, pH 7.0 in the presence of 5 μmol L–1 of 2′,7′-dichlorfluorescein-diacetate, for 20 min at 37°C into a shaker. After incubation, the extraction was obtained by a syringe and the samples were centrifuged at 3000 rpm for 10 min at 4°C. Data were expressed as arbitrary ROS units per oocyte per min (U) and analysed by ANOVA. The results of this study showed that in bovine oocytes ROS levels tend to increase in the T and V groups compared to group C (76.0 ± 6.4, 249.9 ± 87.3 and 147.6 ± 42.6 in C, T and V groups, respectively). However, there were no statistical differences among groups and this was mainly due to the high variability recorded in both treated groups. In conclusion, these results suggest that both exposure to cryoprotectants and vitrification of in vitro-matured oocytes may influence ROS generation. However, the high variability recorded among replicates recommends further investigations.
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Hizuka, Naomi, Kazue Takano, Kazuo Shizume, Izumi Tanaka, Noriko Honda e Nicholas C. Ling. "Plasma growth hormone (GH) and somatomedin C response to continuous growth hormone-releasing factor (GRF) infusion in patients with GH deficiency". Acta Endocrinologica 110, n. 1 (settembre 1985): 17–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/acta.0.1100017.
Abstract (sommario):
Abstract. Pituitary growth hormone (GH) responses during a 10-h iv infusion of saline or human GH-releasing factor (hGRF-44) at 500 ng/kg/h, followed by an iv bolus injection of hGRF-44 at 2 μg/kg body weight, were studied in 10 patients with GH deficiency. During saline infusion in 4 patients, small plasma GH increase were observed in 2 patients. However, during hGRF infusion in 6 patients, up to 4 or 13 pulses of GH secretion were observed. The mean integrated GH pulse area during hGRF infusion was 22.5 ± 5.2 (se) ng/ml × h, which was greater than that obtained during saline infusion. Plasma somatomedin C levels did not increase after hGRF infusion. After saline or hGRF infusion all patients responded to an iv bolus injection of the peptide. These results indicate that hGRF infusion augments GH secretion by increasing the number and amplitude of GH pulses and that the infusion does not cause pituitary somatotrophs to lose their capacity to respond to hGRF subsequently.
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Guidot, Daniel M., Jeffrey Switchenko, Loretta J. Nastoupil, Jean L. Koff, Christopher Flowers e Jonathon B. Cohen. "An Evaluation of the Role of Surveillance Imaging in Mantle Cell Lymphoma in First Remission". Blood 128, n. 22 (2 dicembre 2016): 1799. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v128.22.1799.1799.
Abstract (sommario):
Abstract Introduction While surveillance imaging does not appear to improve outcomes for patients with curable, aggressive non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) achieving a complete remission (CR) after front-line induction therapy, there are limited data to guide the approach to surveillance in patients with mantle cell lymphoma (MCL). Despite the propensity for all patients to relapse after current induction therapies, the median progression-free survival (PFS) now exceeds 6 years in some series, suggesting that routine surveillance may not be of use early in the disease course. We evaluated the pattern of surveillance imaging at Emory University and described outcomes for patients who relapse after induction therapy based on method of relapse detection. Methods All patients with MCL evaluated at Emory with documentation of surveillance imaging post-induction were included. We evaluated each patient with regards to treatment response, presence of relapse, and method of relapse diagnosis in addition to baseline demographic, clinical, and treatment-related variables of interest. We then identified a subset of these patients who received their surveillance imaging in part or whole at Emory. We evaluated each Emory computed tomography (CT) or positron emission tomography (PET/CT) scan obtained and whether the scan was negative for relapse, suggestive of relapse, or equivocal. We also collected biopsy and further imaging data to identify which scans led to a final diagnosis of relapse. The cohort of patients was evaluated with descriptive statistics, and overall survival (OS) was analyzed both from time of original diagnosis and from time of relapse diagnosis using a Cox proportional hazard model. The cohort of surveillance images was evaluated using descriptive statistics regarding specificity and total burden of testing. Results Of 136 included patients, 79 (58%) had a documented relapse during the observation period. Relapsed patients had a median surveillance period of 936 days from initial treatment date to relapse date, while patients with no documented relapse had a median follow-up of 1127 days from initial treatment to end of observation. Of the 79 patients with documented relapse, 23 (29%) were identified by routine surveillance imaging or other testing without clinical signs or symptoms, 44 (56%) were identified by clinical findings, and 12 (15%) had no documentation of method of relapse detection (Figure 1). Comparing patients diagnosed by routine surveillance versus clinical findings, there was no significant differences in OS from date of original diagnosis (HR = 0.65, p = 0.236) or from date of relapse (HR = 0.56, p = 0.121). (See Figures 2a and 2b). For 95/136 patients identified as having part or all surveillance imaging performed at Emory, a total of 553 scans performed in the surveillance period were identified. Of these 553 scans, 349 (63%) were CT scans, 197 (36%) were PET/CT scans, 6 (1%) were MRI scans, and 1 (<1%) was an ultrasound. 51 (9%) scans were obtained as a result of a new clinically significant sign or symptom during the surveillance period, and 502 (91%) scans were obtained for surveillance only. Among the 502 surveillance scans, 44 (9%) were concerning for relapse, 451 (90%) were negative for relapse, and 5 (1%) were non-diagnostic. Among the 44 scans performed for surveillance concerning for relapse, 11 (25%) ultimately led to a confirmed relapse diagnosis. As a result, the positive predictive value of a positive surveillance scan is 25%, and the number of surveillance scans needed to detect one relapse is 46 scans. Conclusions Among 136 patients with some form of surveillance, 79 (58%) had a documented relapse, and 23 of these relapses (29%) were identified through surveillance testing. Those who had relapse diagnosed by surveillance had no significant difference in OS from time of diagnosis or time of relapse compared to patients identified by clinical indication, although a larger study may further delineate the impact of method of relapse detection. Among 502 surveillance scans performed on a subset of 95 of these patients at Emory, 11 (2%) resulted in confirmed relapse. Surveillance imaging in MCL should be utilized judiciously after discussions with patients and after consideration underlying risk factors. Future study of the role of surveillance imaging in MCL is needed. Disclosures Flowers: AbbVie: Research Funding; Pharmacyclics, LLC, an AbbVie Company: Research Funding; Roche: Consultancy, Research Funding; Acerta: Research Funding; TG Therapeutics: Research Funding; Millenium/Takeda: Research Funding; ECOG: Research Funding; NIH: Research Funding; Infinity: Research Funding; Mayo Clinic: Research Funding; Genentech: Consultancy, Research Funding; Gilead: Consultancy, Research Funding. Cohen:Pharmacyclics: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Celgene: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Novartis: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; Millennium/Takeda: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; Infinity: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Bristol-Myers Squibb: Research Funding; Seattle Genetics: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding.
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Skyrud, Katrine Damgaard, Kjersti Helene Hernæs, Kjetil Elias Telle e Karin Magnusson. "Impacts of mild COVID-19 on elevated use of primary and specialist health care services: A nationwide register study from Norway". PLOS ONE 16, n. 10 (8 ottobre 2021): e0257926. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0257926.
Abstract (sommario):
Aim To explore the temporal impact of mild COVID-19 on need for primary and specialist health care services. Methods In all adults (≥20 years) tested for SARS-CoV-2 in Norway March 1st 2020 to February 1st 2021 (N = 1 401 922), we contrasted the monthly all-cause health care use before and up to 6 months after the test (% relative difference), for patients with a positive test for SARS-CoV-2 (non-hospitalization, i.e. mild COVID-19) and patients with a negative test (no COVID-19). Results We found a substantial short-term elevation in primary care use in all age groups, with men generally having a higher relative increase (men 20–44 years: 522%, 95%CI = 509–535, 45–69 years: 439%, 95%CI = 426–452, ≥70 years: 199%, 95%CI = 180–218) than women (20–44 years: 342, 95%CI = 334–350, 45–69 years = 375, 95%CI = 365–385, ≥70 years: 156%, 95%CI = 141–171) at 1 month following positive test. At 2 months, this sex difference was less pronounced, with a (20–44 years: 21%, 95%CI = 13–29, 45–69 years = 38%, 95%CI = 30–46, ≥70 years: 15%, 95%CI = 3–28) increase in primary care use for men, and a (20–44 years: 30%, 95%CI = 24–36, 45–69 years = 57%, 95%CI = 50–64, ≥70 years: 14%, 95%CI = 4–24) increase for women. At 3 months after test, only women aged 45–70 years still had an increased primary care use (14%, 95%CI = 7–20). The increase was due to respiratory- and general/unspecified conditions. We observed no long-term (4–6 months) elevation in primary care use, and no elevation in specialist care use. Conclusion Mild COVID-19 gives an elevated need for primary care that vanishes 2–3 months after positive test. Middle-aged women had the most prolonged increased primary care use.
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Fujiwara, Hiroyuki, Yuji Takei, Yasushi Saga, Shizuo Machida, Naoto Sato, Chikako Yoshida, Suzuyo Takahashi, Akiyo Taneichi e Mitsuaki Suzuki. "Benefit of adjuvant chemotherapy for stage I epithelial ovarian cancer according to the histologic type." Journal of Clinical Oncology 31, n. 15_suppl (20 maggio 2013): 5552. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2013.31.15_suppl.5552.
Abstract (sommario):
5552 Background: The benefit of adjuvant chemotherapy in stage I epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) remains controversial. We retrospectively examined stage I EOC patients to clarify the benefits of adjuvant chemotherapy according to the histological type. Methods: The outcomes of 131 patients with stage I EOC that was diagnosed by exact staging laparotomy at the Jichi Medical University Hospital over a 22-year period from 1988 to 2009 were evaluated. Eighty-seven of the patients had received adjuvant chemotherapy (stage: IA 17, IC(intraoperative rupture;R) 27, IC(other) 43; histological type: clear cell adenocarcinoma(CCC) 38, mucinous adenocarcinoma(MC) 18, endometrioid adenocarcinoma(EC) 18, serous adenocarcinoma(SAC) 13), while 44 had undergone observation alone (stage: IA 31, IC(R) 12, IC(other) 1; histological type: CCC 11, MC 17, EC 11 and SAC 5). Outcomes for patients were compared between the two groups. Results: The overall recurrence rate in the adjuvant chemotherapy group was 18.4% (16/87). The rates of recurrence according to stage were IA 5.9% (1/17), IC(R) 14.8% (4/27), and IC (other) 25.6% (11/43). Recurrence by histological type were CCC 12, SAC 2(G1and G2), and one each for EC and MC. Recurrence was seen in all stages in CCC patients; however, there was no recurrence in stage IA in patients with non-CCC. The overall recurrence rate in the observation group was 11.4% (5/44). All five recurrences occurred in CCC patients, and no recurrence was observed in the 33 non-CCC patients (IA 26, IC(R) 7). In patients with IC(R) CCC, the recurrence rate was significantly higher in the observation group (80%;4/5) than in the adjuvant chemotherapy group (18.8%; 3/16) (p = 0.025). Conclusions: This retrospective study showed that the CCC is associated with recurrence in stage I EOC and adjuvant chemotherapy for these patients may improve outcomes. The recommended states for adjuvant chemotherapy in stage I EOC are as follow: 1) all subtype of stage I for CCC, and 2) IC(other) for non-CCC. Although further prospective studies are required, these results afford useful information with which to determine the adjuvant chemotherapy in stage I EOC.
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Yukina, M. Yu, E. A. Troshina, D. G. Bel'tsevich e N. M. Platonova. "SECONDARY (ENDOCRINE) HYPERTENSION: LECTURE". Almanac of Clinical Medicine 44, n. 4 (1 gennaio 2016): 501–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.18786/2072-0505-2016-44-4-501-512.
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De Bono, Johann Sebastian, Matthew Raymond Smith, Fred Saad, Dana E. Rathkopf, Peter F. A. Mulders, Eric Jay Small, Neal D. Shore et al. "Response to taxane chemotherapy as first subsequent therapy after abiraterone acetate (AA) in patients (pts) with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC): Post-hoc analysis of COU-AA-302." Journal of Clinical Oncology 33, n. 7_suppl (1 marzo 2015): 184. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2015.33.7_suppl.184.
Abstract (sommario):
184 Background: In study COU-AA-302 of chemotherapy-naïve men with mCRPC, AA plus prednisone (AA) significantly improved radiographic progression-free survival and overall survival vs placebo plus prednisone (P). There is limited information about response to subsequent therapy after AA. In this post hoc analysis of pts in the AA treatment arm who progressed, we evaluated the clinical outcome to chemotherapy as first subsequent therapy. Methods: In COU-AA-302, 546 pts were randomized and received AA. Clinical outcome and discontinuation data from pts receiving chemotherapy as first subsequent therapy after progressing on AA were collected retrospectively and source verified. Median time to prostate-specific antigen (PSA) progression was estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method. Results: 73% (365/502; 44 still continuing on AA) of pts in the AA treatment arm received ≥ 1 subsequent therapy. Chemotherapy, docetaxel (DOC) or cabazitaxel (CBZ), was the most common first subsequent therapy. As of March 2014, following AA on study 53% (265/502) of pts received taxane chemotherapy (261 DOC, 4 CBZ) as first subsequent therapy. Median duration of first subsequent chemotherapy, mainly DOC, was 3 months (IQR, 1.0-5.0). Results are summarized (Table). Conclusions: This post hoc analysis describes antitumor activity in pts who progressed with AA and received taxane chemotherapy as first subsequent therapy. Despite the limitations of a retrospective analysis, these data support further assessment of subsequent therapies following AA treatment for mCRPC. Clinical trial information: NCT00887198. [Table: see text]
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Jamilatun, Siti, Ratih Mahardhika, Imelda Eka Nurshinta e Lukhi Mulia Sithopyta. "In-Situ Catalytic Pyrolysis of Spirulina platensis residue (SPR): Effect of Temperature and Amount of C12-4 Catalyst on Product Yield". Jurnal Rekayasa Proses 15, n. 1 (30 giugno 2021): 14. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/jrekpros.60477.
Abstract (sommario):
Currently, dependence on fossil energy, especially petroleum, is still high at 96% of the total consumption. One solution to overcome fossil energy consumption is processing alternative energy sources derived from microalgae biomass. This study aims to study the pyrolysis of microalgae with the addition of the C12-4 (Cr2O3+Fe2O3+C+CuO+promoter) catalyst. The biomass used in this study was Spirulina platensis residue (SPR). This study used a fixed bed reactor with an outer diameter of 44 mm, an inner diameter of 40 mm, and a total reactor height of 600 mm. The C12-4 was mixed fifty grams of SPR with a particle size of 100 mesh with a ratio variation of 5, 10, and 15 wt.%. The feed mixture was placed in the reactor (in-situ), and the reactor was tightly closed. The nickel-wire heater wrapped around the reactor wall was employed. The pyrolysis heating rate was 24.33 °C/min on average, and the temperatures were varied as 300, 400, 500, 550, and 600 °C. The research found that the optimum temperature conditions without and with the catalyst to produce bio-oil were different. The pyrolysis without any catalyst (500 ⁰C), with a catalyst of 5 wt.% (500 ⁰C), 10 wt.% (400 ⁰C), and 15 wt.% (550 ⁰C) produced the bio-oil yield of 15.00, 17.92, 16.78 and 16.54, respectively. The use of 5, 10, and 15 wt.% catalysts increased the water phase yield. The char yield was influenced by the amount of catalyst only at 300 ⁰C; i.e., the more catalysts, the less char yield. The pyrolysis without any catalysts produced the highest gas product. A catalyst significantly increased the pyrolysis conversion from 48.69 (without catalyst) to 62.46% (15. wt.% catalyst) at a temperature of 300 ⁰C. The optimum conditions for producing the best bio-oil were at 600 °C and 10 wt.% of catalysts, which resulted in an O/C ratio of 0.14.Keywords: C12-4 catalyst, in-situ catalytic pyrolysis, Spirulina platensis residue, yield bio-oilA B S T R A KKetergantungan terhadap energi fosil khususnya minyak bumi, saat ini masih tinggi yaitu mencapai 96% dari total konsumsi. Salah satu solusi untuk mengatasi ketergantungan energi fosil adalah dengan mengolah sumber energi yang berasal dari biomassa mikroalga. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk pirolisis mikroalga dengan penambahan katalis C12-4 (Cr2O3 + Fe2O3 + C + CuO + promotor). Sampel yang digunakan adalah residu Spirulina platensis (SPR). Penelitian ini menggunakan reaktor unggun tetap dengan diameter luar 44 mm, diameter dalam 40 mm, dan tinggi reaktor 600 mm. Spirulina platensis dengan ukuran partikel 100 mesh sebanyak 50 gram dicampur dengan katalis C12-4 dengan variasi 5, 10, dan 15 wt.%. Campuran umpan (in-situ) dimasukkan ke dalam reaktor dan ditutup rapat. Pemanas menggunakan arus listrik melalui kawat nikel yang dililitkan pada dinding reaktor. Laju pemanasan pirolisis rata-rata 24,33 °C/menit, variasi suhu 300, 400, 500, 550, dan 600 °C. Kondisi optimum tanpa dan dengan katalis untuk menghasilkan bio-oil memiliki nilai yang berbeda yaitu pirolisis tanpa katalis (500 ⁰C), dengan katalis 5 wt.% (500 ⁰C), 10 wt.% (400 ⁰C) dan 15 wt.% (550 ⁰C) menghasilkan bio-oil 15,00; 17,92; 16,78; dan 16,54. Penggunaan katalis 5, 10, dan 15 wt.% berat dapat meningkatkan fasa air hasil. Yield char dipengaruhi oleh jumlah katalis hanya pada 300 ⁰C, semakin banyak katalis maka yield char semakin menurun. Pirolisis tanpa katalis menghasilkan produk gas tertinggi. Penggunaan katalis sangat signifikan dalam meningkatkan konversi pirolisis dari 48,69 (tanpa katalis) menjadi 62,46% (katalis 15 wt.%) pada suhu 300 ⁰C. Kondisi optimum untuk menghasilkan minyak nabati terbaik adalah pada 600 °C dengan katalis 10% berat, menghasilkan rasio O/C sebesar 0,14.Kata kunci: C12-4 catalyst, in-situ catalytic pyrolysis, Spirulina platensis residue, yield bio-oil
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Arnold, Olivia M., Beth A. Shields, Adam J. Kieffer, Renee E. Cole, Saul J. Vega, James K. Aden, Alicia M. Williams e Leopoldo C. Cancio. "532 Intravenous Supplementation of Micronutrients in Patients with Severe Burns". Journal of Burn Care & Research 42, Supplement_1 (1 aprile 2021): S114. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jbcr/irab032.182.
Abstract (sommario):
Abstract Introduction Pneumonia is a prominent cause of morbidity and mortality in burn patients. The European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism (ESPEN) recommends supplementing with intravenous copper, selenium, and zinc, as a randomized controlled trials on burn patients in Switzerland showed decreased pneumonia rates. The purpose of this performance improvement project was to determine whether the intravenous supplementation of copper, selenium, and zinc had an association with the incidence of pneumonia in patients with total body surface area (TBSA) burns over 20% in order to determine if this practice should be re-initiated. Methods Based on available randomized controlled trial evidence, we began the clinical practice of providing intravenous trace elements to our patients with burns over 20% TBSA who were admitted to the burn intensive care unit and who had a central line. This clinical practice ended after 2 years when there was a national shortage of these intravenous trace elements. We performed a retrospective evaluation on patients admitted for initial burn care to our intensive care unit who received an intravenous solution containing 4 mg copper, 500 mcg selenium, and 40 mg zinc daily for a goal duration of 14 days in patients with 20–40% TBSA burns and 21 days in patients with over 40% TBSA burns. Patients who survived less than two days were excluded. In order to compare the incidence of pneumonia within the first 30 hospital days in patients who received intravenous trace element supplementation to those who did not, we matched patients based on age, burn size, and gender. Matched subjects were admitted either before or after the time period of intravenous trace element supplementation and these subjects received oral zinc supplementation. Descriptive statistics and Chi-Square were performed using JMP. Significance was set at p< 0.05. Results Pneumonia within the first 30 hospital days occurred in 63% of the 52 included patients with the following characteristics: 71% male, 52 ± 18 years old, 43 ± 15% TBSA burn, 29 ± 25 mechanical ventilator days, and 44% mortality. A significant difference in the incidence of pneumonia during the first 30 hospital days was not found between groups (intravenous trace element group: 70%; comparison group: 56%, p=0.28). Conclusions Supplementation of intravenous copper, selenium, and zinc was not significantly associated with incidence of pneumonia in our severely burned patients, contrary to previous research findings.
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Mineur, Laurent, Gilles Seni, Laurent Miglianico, louis-Marie Dourthe, Nathalie Bonichon, Lionel Moreau, Rosine Guimbaud et al. "Safety and efficacy during first line with cetuximab in KRAS wild-type metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC): Results of a large prospective multicenter cohort carried out by the premium French observational study." Journal of Clinical Oncology 31, n. 4_suppl (1 febbraio 2013): 555. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2013.31.4_suppl.555.
Abstract (sommario):
555 Background: Cetuximab improves benefit in patients with kras wild type when added to CT for mCRC (Crystal, opus, celim trials). In order to assess the safety and efficacy of cetuximab in daily-practices a national prospective observational multicenter study was performed. Methods: Physicians (n=94), in health institutions (44 public and 46 private hospitals, 4 cancer centers) enrolled prospectively 502 patients. The eligibility criteria were kras wild type mCRC treated with cetuximab in combination with CT as first-line regimen and at least one measurable lesion. Data are available at 3 months, for 496 patients enrolled between september 2009 to march 2012. Results: Mean age 65,7 years old, 62.9% male, ECOG score 0-1 88.1%, 2-3 11.9%, metastases site were liver 70%, lung 26% and others unlimited 39%. Resectable mCCR 10.6%, potentially resectable metastases 33.9% and unresectable 55.5%. Primary tumor location colon: right 20.9%, transverse 6%, left 35.3%, rectum 30.5%, others 7.3%. Primary cancer was resected in 66 % (n=332), 25% (n=125) received adjuvant CT. Cetuximab was administrated respectively every week(20.2%) or two weeks (79.8% of patients). CT regimens were folfiri 51.8%, folfox 4 36.5%, others 11.7%. At 3 months response rate was complete in 4.6%, partial 44.9%, stable 34%, progression disease 16.5%. Reasons for specific cetuximab treatment discontinuation (n=207) were progressive disease 35.3%, therapeutic break 23.2%, all grade cutaneous toxicity and allergic reaction 15.9%, patient request 2.9%, surgery recruitment 20% radiotherapy, radiofrequency and others 2.7%. Adverse events in grade 2 and 3-4 were respectively neutropenia (9.4%;7.9%), anemia (8.5%;1.4%), thrombocytopenia (2.6%;1%), diarrhea (10.8%;5.3%) vomiting (5.3%;2.2%), folliculitis (17.9%;3%), xerosis (13.3%;2%), paronychia (5%;0.9%), allergy 3.4%. Conclusions: Values reported are consistent with those previously identified trials and can better understand the reasons of drug stopping. The study continues to evaluate prognostic factors influencing response, toxicity and drug discontinuation.
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Edson, Evelyn. "Michael Wintle . The Image of Europe: Visualizing Europe in Cartography and Iconography throughout the Ages . (Cambridge Studies in Historical Geography, number 44.) New York : Cambridge University Press . 2009 . Pp. xxiv, 502. $110.00." American Historical Review 116, n. 1 (febbraio 2011): 214–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/ahr.116.1.214.
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Poston-Blahnik, Anna, e Ryan P. Moenster. "1570. Association Between Vancomycin Area Under the Curve (AUC) and Nephrotoxicity". Open Forum Infectious Diseases 6, Supplement_2 (ottobre 2019): S574. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofz360.1434.
Abstract (sommario):
Abstract Background It is unclear whether increased vancomycin area under the curve (AUC) contributes to acute kidney injury (AKI) risk. Methods This retrospective cohort study was undertaken to determine whether vancomycin AUC > 550 is associated with a higher rate of AKI than an AUC < 550. Patients treated with vancomycin for at least 4 days at the St. Louis VA from 1/1/2016–9/31/2018 were included. The primary outcome was AKI (defined as an increase in serum creatinine by 0.3 mg/dL or 50% from baseline). Secondary outcomes included length of stay, readmission, or mortality in 30 days, AKI rate with concurrent antibiotics, and AKI rate with comorbidities. The AUC was calculated as daily dose (in mg) divided by vancomycin clearance. The variables of age ≥ 70, vancomycin AUC ≥ 550, creatinine clearance (CrCl) < 50 mL/minute, concomitant antibiotic administration, vancomycin treatment ≤ 7 days, and the presence of comorbidities were included in a bivariate analysis. Variables with a P-value of <0.2 were included in a multivariate logistic regression model. Results Two hundred patients were included in the analysis; 100 patients with an AUC ≥ 550, and 100 with an AUC < 500. Only mean vancomycin dose (1722.50 mg vs. 2361.25 mg; P < 0.05), mean AUC (465.88 vs. 696.45; P < 0.05), and peak SCr (1.22 mg/dL vs. 1.48 mg/dL; P = 0.015) were significantly different between groups; AUC < 550 vs. AUC ≥ 550, respectively. Acute kidney injury occurred in 22% (44/200) of all patients; 42% (42/100) with a calculated AUC ≥ 550 developed AKI compared with 2% (2/100) of patients with an AUC < 550 (P < 0.05). The secondary outcomes of concomitant nephrotoxic agents, length of stay, readmission at 30 days, and 30-day mortality were not significantly different between groups. Only age ≥ 70, vancomycin AUC ≥ 550, CrCl < 50 mL/minute, concomitant piperacillin–tazobactam administration, and the presence of comorbidities were included in the multivariate regression. Age ≥ 70, CrCl < 50 mL/minute, and AUC ≥ 550 [OR 49.5 (95% CI 10.1 – 242.3; P < 0.05)] were found to be independently associated with risk for developing AKI. Conclusion Patients with a calculated vancomycin AUC ≥ 550 were found to have a significantly higher rate of AKI compared with those with an AUC < 550. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.
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Yıldırım, Erol, Toshko Ljubomirov e Arkady S. Lelej. "Overview of the distribution and biogeography of Crabronidae in Turkey (Hymenoptera: Aculeata)". Journal of Insect Biodiversity 2, n. 3 (1 febbraio 2014): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.12976/jib/2014.2.3.
Abstract (sommario):
Faunistic and systematic studies on Crabronidae of Turkey are reviewed and the distribution and biogeography of the Turkish Crabronid wasp fauna is analyzed. In this study, 21 species and subspecies of 2 genera of Astatinae, 122 species and subspecies of 19 genera of Bembicinae, 72 species and subspecies of 3 genera of Philanthinae, 61 species and subspecies of 13 genera of Pempherdoninae, 2 species of 1 genus of Mellininae, 1 species of 1 genus of Dinetinae and 238 species and subspecies of 26 genera of Crabroninae are recorded. In total, 502 species and 15 subspecies belonging to 65 genera of Crabronidae are recorded from Turkey. Among them, 44 species and 6 subspecies comprising 9,7% of Turkish crabronids are endemic. Furthermore, the type localities of 69 species and 10 subspecies of Crabronidae are located in Turkey. Species composition, diversity and proportion of endemism varies considerably between the biogeographic subregions of the country.
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Busch, H., J. Curtis e P. Hur. "AB0750 CLINICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND TREATMENT PATTERNS OF PATIENTS WITH PSORIATIC ARTHRITIS WHO WERE PRESCRIBED BIOLOGICS: DATA FROM THE COLUMBUS REPOSITORY". Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 79, Suppl 1 (giugno 2020): 1671.2–1672. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-eular.509.
Abstract (sommario):
Background:Real-world data from electronic health records (EHR) allow examination of treatment patterns and clinical practice behaviors for psoriatic arthritis (PsA).Objectives:To describe physician and patient characteristics, and treatment patterns of patients with PsA who initiated secukinumab and other biologics using data from the Columbus Repository.Methods:EHR data from adult patients with PsA who were prescribed a new biologic therapy between January 2018 and March 2019 (index date) were included from the Columbus Repository, which collects clinical records from a network of US rheumatology providers. Demographics, disease characteristics, and treatment patterns, as well as physicians’ characteristics, were reported for patients who were prescribed secukinumab vs other biologics (abatacept, adalimumab, etanercept, certolizumab pegol, golimumab, infliximab, infliximab-dyyb, infliximab-abda, ustekinumab, and ixekizumab). Treatment groups were mutually exclusive and only the most recently prescribed biologic was represented. Categorical variables were summarized using frequency counts and percentages and continuous variables were presented using means and standard deviations.Results:As of March 2019, 234 patients initiated secukinumab and 806 initiated other biologics for PsA treatment; 62 physicians prescribed biologics for PsA. Overall, 73% of physicians’ offices had a single provider contributing patients to the analysis, and 76% of physicians were located in the South US region. Secukinumab initiators were younger (55.2 vs 57.3 years), more likely to be male (44% vs 31%), and had higher BMI (34.0 vs 31.9 kg/m2) vs other biologic initiators. Almost all disease activity measures evaluated had a large proportion (> 80%) of missing data; among those with nonmissing data, secukinumab initiators had numerically higher mean (SD) RAPID3 score vs other biologic initiators (12.6 [6.5] vs 11.6 [7.1]). Overall, 70% of secukinumab initiators and 48% of other biologic initiators were biologic experienced (Figure 1). Comorbidities were similar between groups (Figure 2). The most common reasons for discontinuation of prior biologic were the biologic was no longer required and lack of efficacy (Table 1).Table 1.Treatment Patterns Among Patients With PsA at the Index DateSecukinumab(N = 234)Other Biologic(N = 806)SMD*PValueReason for discontinuing prior biologic treatment, n (%)N = 164N = 3850.200.67No longer required64 (39)136 (35)Lack of efficacy28 (17)75 (19)Cost or administrative5 (3)10 (3)Side effects5 (3)9 (2)Lack of tolerability03 (1)Patient fear of side effects1 (1)0Other25 (15)63 (16)Missing36 (22)89 (23)Prior medication use, n (%)NSAIDs109 (47)365 (45)0.030.78Opioids89 (38)252 (31)0.140.06Steroids68 (29)265 (33)0.080.31DMARDsMethotrexate83 (35)340 (42)0.140.08Sulfasalazine25 (11)93 (12)0.030.81Apremilast53 (23)104 (13)0.26< 0.01Tofacitinib10 (4)36 (4)0.011.00No. of prior biologics, mean (SD)0.95 (0.82)0.62 (0.77)0.41< 0.01SMD, standardized mean difference.* Comparisons with SMD > 0.1 were suggestive of clinically relevant differences.Conclusion:Secukinumab initiators with PsA were more likely to be male and biologic experienced, have a higher BMI and higher RAPID3 scores indicative of more active disease vs those initiating other biologics. Additional structured and unstructured elements may need to be captured on EHR platforms to gain clarity on disease activity and treatment decisions.Acknowledgments:This study was funded by Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, East Hanover, NJ. Support for third-party writing assistance for this abstract, furnished by Kheng Bekdache, PhD, of Health Interactions, Inc, was provided by Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, East Hanover, NJ.Disclosure of Interests:Howard Busch Speakers bureau: AbbVie, Amgen, Crescendo, Exagen, Genentech, Mallinckrodt, Novartis, Primus, Sanofi/Regeneron, and UCB, Jeffrey Curtis Grant/research support from: AbbVie, Amgen, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Corrona, Janssen, Lilly, Myriad, Pfizer, Regeneron, Roche, UCB, Consultant of: AbbVie, Amgen, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Corrona, Janssen, Lilly, Myriad, Pfizer, Regeneron, Roche, UCB, Peter Hur Employee of: Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation
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Parikh, Mamta, Chong-xian Pan, Laurel Beckett, Yueju Li, Daniel Robles, Christina DeVisser e Primo Lara. "Combination checkpoint immunotherapy and cytotoxic chemotherapy: Further results from a phase Ib/II trial of pembrolizumab and docetaxel or gemcitabine in patients with advanced or metastatic urothelial cancer." Journal of Clinical Oncology 36, n. 6_suppl (20 febbraio 2018): 525. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2018.36.6_suppl.525.
Abstract (sommario):
525 Background: We previously reported tolerability of pembrolizumab plus either docetaxel or gemcitabine in platinum-treated metastatic urothelial cancer patients (pts), given the hypothesis that chemotherapy might enhance tumoral neoantigen expression and modulate immunogenicity of tumor cells, potentially enhancing the response to anti-PD-1 therapy. Herein we report further results from an expansion cohort. Methods: Eligible pts had Zubrod PS 0-1, adequate end-organ function, and up to 2 prior lines of chemotherapy (at least one platinum based). Patients were treated with pembrolizumab 200 mg IV on D1 q3weeks plus either docetaxel 75 mg/m2 IV on D1 (Arm A) or gemcitabine 1000 mg/m2 IV on D1 & D8 (Arm B). Primary endpoint was safety; secondary endpoints were overall response rate (RR) and progression free-survival (PFS). Results: A total of 20 pts have enrolled, 9 in Arm A, 11 in Arm B. Mean age was 66 (range 31-84). Most common AEs ≥ Grade 3 were hyponatremia (8/20), anemia (5/20), fatigue (5/20), neutropenia (4/20), leukopenia (4/20) acute kidney injury (3/20), hypophosphatemia (3/20). There were no treatment-related deaths; 13 died from tumor progression (PD). In total, 1 pt had complete response (CR), 5 pts had partial responses (PR), 3 pts had minor responses (MR), 4 had stable disease (SD), and 7 progressed (PD); overall RR was 45% and Disease Control Rate (DCR) was 65%. Arm A had overall RR of 44%, DCR 56%. Arm B had overall RR of 45%, DCR 73%. Median PFS (overall, Arm A & Arm B) was 7, 13.3, and 5.9 months. Conclusions: The combination of pembrolizumab with either docetaxel or gemcitabine is tolerated with expected adverse effects, with evidence of efficacy. Expanded cohorts continue to enroll. Clinical trial information: NCT02437370.
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Damaschke, M., R. Sulpizio, G. Zanchetta, B. Wagner, A. Böhm, N. Nowaczyk, J. Rethemeyer e A. Hilgers. "Tephrostratigraphic studies on a sediment core from Lake Prespa in the Balkans". Climate of the Past 9, n. 1 (30 gennaio 2013): 267–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/cp-9-267-2013.
Abstract (sommario):
Abstract. A detailed tephrostratigraphic record, which dates back to Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 5b (ca. 91 kyr), has been established from a 17.76 m long core (Co1215) from Lake Prespa (Macedonia, Albania and Greece). A total of eleven tephra and cryptotephra layers (PT0915-1 to PT0915-11) were identified, using XRF scanning, magnetic susceptibility measurements, and macro- and microscopic inspection of the sediments. The major element composition of glass shards and/or micro-pumice fragments indicates that the tephras and cryptotephras originate from the explosive volcanism of Italy. Eight tephra and cryptotephra layers were correlated with specific volcanic eruptions: the AD 512 eruption of Somma-Vesuvius (1438 cal yr BP), the Mercato eruption of Somma-Vesuvius (8890 ± 90 cal yr BP), the Tufi Biancastri/LN1-LN2 eruption of the Campi Flegrei (14 749 ± 523 cal yr BP and 15 551 ± 621 cal yr BP), the SMP1-e/Y-3 eruption of the Campi Flegrei (30 000–31 000 cal yr BP), the Campanian Ignimbrite/Y-5 eruption of the Campi Flegrei (39 280 ± 110 cal yr BP), the SMP1-a event of Ischia Island (around 44 000 cal yr BP) and the Green Tuff/Y-6 eruption of Pantelleria Island (around 45 000 cal yr BP). One tephra could be attributed to the volcanic activity of Mount Etna, but probably represents an unknown eruption at ca. 60 000 cal yr BP. Cryptotephras PT0915-6 and PT0915-10 remain unclassified so far, but according to the presented age-depth model these would have been deposited around 35 000 and 48 500 cal yr BP, respectively. Some of the tephras and cryptotephras are recognised for the first time in the Balkan region. The tephrostratigraphic work provides important information about ash dispersal and explosion patterns of source volcanoes and can be used to correlate and date geographically distant paleoenvironmental and archaeological archives in the central Mediterranean region. Moreover, the tephrostratigraphic work in combination with radiocarbon and electron spin resonance (ESR) dating is a precondition for paleoclimatic reconstructions inferred from the sediment succession Co1215.
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Mogensen, Mette M., John B. Tucker, John B. Mackie, Alan R. Prescott e Inke S. Näthke. "The adenomatous polyposis coli protein unambiguously localizes to microtubule plus ends and is involved in establishing parallel arrays of microtubule bundles in highly polarized epithelial cells". Journal of Cell Biology 157, n. 6 (10 giugno 2002): 1041–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.200203001.
Abstract (sommario):
Loss of full-length adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) protein correlates with the development of colon cancers in familial and sporadic cases. In addition to its role in regulating β-catenin levels in the Wnt signaling pathway, the APC protein is implicated in regulating cytoskeletal organization. APC stabilizes microtubules in vivo and in vitro, and this may play a role in cell migration (Näthke, I.S., C.L. Adams, P. Polakis, J.H. Sellin, and W.J. Nelson. 1996. J. Cell Biol. 134:165–179; Mimori-Kiyosue, Y., N. Shiina, and S. Tsukita. 2000. J. Cell Biol. 148:505–517; Zumbrunn, J., K. Inoshita, A.A. Hyman, and I.S. Näthke. 2001. Curr. Biol. 11:44–49) and in the attachment of microtubules to kinetochores during mitosis (Fodde, R., J. Kuipers, C. Rosenberg, R. Smits, M. Kielman, C. Gaspar, J.H. van Es, C. Breukel, J. Wiegant, R.H. Giles, and H. Clevers. 2001. Nat. Cell Biol. 3:433–438; Kaplan, K.B., A. Burds, J.R. Swedlow, S.S. Bekir, P.K. Sorger, and I.S. Näthke. 2001. Nat. Cell Biol. 3:429–432). The localization of endogenous APC protein is complex: actin- and microtubule-dependent pools of APC have been identified in cultured cells (Näthke et al., 1996; Mimori-Kiyosue et al., 2000; Reinacher-Schick, A., and B.M. Gumbiner. 2001. J. Cell Biol. 152:491–502; Rosin-Arbesfeld, R., G. Ihrke, and M. Bienz. 2001. EMBO J. 20:5929–5939). However, the localization of APC in tissues has not been identified at high resolution. Here, we show that in fully polarized epithelial cells from the inner ear, endogenous APC protein associates with the plus ends of microtubules located at the basal plasma membrane. Consistent with a role for APC in supporting the cytoskeletal organization of epithelial cells in vivo, the number of microtubules is significantly reduced in apico-basal arrays of microtubule bundles isolated from mice heterozygous for APC.
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Chergui, Adel, Eswar Gadde, Seda Serra Tolu, Ana Acuna-Villaorduna, Rafi Kabarriti, Sanjay Goel e Andreas Kaubisch. "Clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma treated with immunotherapy: A real-world retrospective study." Journal of Clinical Oncology 38, n. 4_suppl (1 febbraio 2020): 557. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2020.38.4_suppl.557.
Abstract (sommario):
557 Background: Advanced HCC is an aggressive malignancy with dismal prognosis. Newer agents, including immunotherapy (IT), have been granted accelerated approval. Information outside clinical trials is scarce. This study is aimed to describe the clinical characteristics and outcomes of HCC patients treated with IT. Methods: Patients with HCC treated with IT were identified using the institutional data-mining software, Clinical Looking Glass. Patient demographics, clinical, and treatment characteristics were collected. Progression-free survival (PFS) was defined as time from treatment initiation to disease progression or death, and overall-survival (OS) as time from diagnosis of advanced disease to death. PFS and OS were plotted using Kaplan-Meier curves. Results: A total of 52 patients; median age 64 years; male predominance (38, 73.1%) were identified. There were 24 (54.5%) Hispanics, 9 (20.5%) Non-Hispanic Blacks, 7 (15.9%) Non-Hispanic White and 4 (9.1%) Asians. Cirrhosis was seen in 41 (83.7%), and median MELD score was 8 (IQ: 7-10). Hepatitis B and C infection were encountered in 12 (24.5%) and 22 (44%) patients, respectively. Imaging evidence of intravascular invasion was seen in 16 (34.8%) and extrahepatic metastases in 7 (14.9%) cases. Local treatment was provided to 29 (59.2%) and radiation treatment to 14 (28.6%) patients. Nivolumab was used in all the cases, as first-line treatment in 17 (32.7%) and as ≥ second line in 35(67.3%). The median PFS was 6.2 (3.1-10.6) months and was similar in first-line and ≥ second line treatment (8 vs 5.9 months, p=0.90). The median OS was 24.2 (18-28) months; there was a tendency towards higher survival rates in patients that were treated in ≥ second line (16.8 vs 25.2 months, 0=0.07). Conclusions: In this multiethnic cohort, the “real world” experience of the benefit of IT in HCC is encouraging, with a median OS exceeding two years. Expanded data may elucidate the differences if any, between use of IT as front vs. second line therapy, in PFS and OS.
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Ildarova, R. A., M. A. Shkolnikova e S. A. Termosesov. "Implantation of Cardioverter-Defibrillator in Children With Long-QT Syndrome: Assessment of Indications, Efficacy, and Safety Based on 10-Year Experience". Kardiologiia 58, n. 12 (25 dicembre 2018): 52–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.18087/cardio.2018.12.10191.
Abstract (sommario):
Purpose: to assess specificities of course of the longQT syndrome in children before and after implantation of cardioverterdefibrillator (ICD), and optimization of indications to ICDtherapy.Materials and methods. We included in this study 48 children with longQT syndrome from 44 unrelated families (28 boys and 20 girls), who underwent ICD implantation at the mean age 11.8±3.8 years. Mean duration of followup after implantation was 5.2±2.8 years. Data from these children were compared with those from 59 children of comparable age and gender with longQT syndrome from 46 unrelated families receiving antiarrhythmic therapy (βadrenoblockers). We assessed clinical and electrocardiographic characteristics of the disease obtained at initial visit and their dynamics thereafter.Results. Children with longQT syndrome and ICD were mainly probands with interval QT longer than 500 ms, recurrent syncope and often history of sudden cardiac arrest requiring high doses of βadrenoblockers for control of ventricular tachyarrhythmias.Conclusion. ICD implantation is an effective and safe method both of primary and secondary prevention of sudden cardiac death in children with longQT syndrome.
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Hegna, Jonathan, Kim Scribner e Edward Baker. "Movements, habitat use, and entrainment of stocked juvenile lake sturgeon in a hydroelectric reservoir system". Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 77, n. 3 (marzo 2020): 611–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjfas-2018-0407.
Abstract (sommario):
Identifying movement and habitat use patterns is essential for fish passage efforts and the conservation of threatened species. We used acoustic telemetry to track the movements of 44 juvenile lake sturgeon (Acipenser fulvescens) throughout Kleber Reservoir in northern Michigan. On average, lake sturgeon moved 502 m between telemetry positions, with age-2 lake sturgeon moving longer distances than age-1 lake sturgeon. Areas with high numbers of lake sturgeon detections were clustered near the forebay, while zones with low numbers of detections were clustered toward the head of the reservoir. Analyses showed that 66.4% of the variance in habitat use could be explained by physical habitat features. Reservoir areas with ample deepwater habitat, fine soft substrates, and limited macrophyte vegetation were the most frequently occupied and, thus, may provide suitable habitat conditions to support juvenile lake sturgeon. We observed that 54.4% of the age-1 and 52.8% of the age-2 lake sturgeon stocked into Kleber Reservoir were entrained. Reservoir size, morphology, and the location of suitable habitat in relation to hydroelectric infrastructure may be key factors that affect entrainment rates.
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Talib Hussen Ali, Ali Ashkar Abed e Amal abdul Ellah. "Cadmium Accumulation in Some Organs of Mosquito Fish Gambusia holbrooki". Tikrit Journal of Pure Science 21, n. 1 (4 febbraio 2023): 16–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/tjps.v21i1.942.
Abstract (sommario):
The cadmium contents in muscle, brain, gills, liver , intestine and testis from exposed and control animals were determined by atomic absorption spectroscopy. The experiments were planned in three series of a total of 95 fish employing the static test method of acute toxicity. Five fishes were placed in each concentrations of three sublethal concentrations (5, 15 and 25mg/l) for two acute periods (24 and 96h). The experiments were performed as 3 replicates, the Cd accumulation in different fish organs were determined. This showed that the effect of acute Cd on different organs Cd accumulation in the G. holbrooki was found to be time dependent fashion. Atomic absorption examination showed that the Cd-content in both testis and intestine increased significantly time dependent by 502%, 167%, 168%, 146%,490%,214% in muscle ,brain, liver, gills, intestine and testis , respectively at short-acute term treatment whereas for long- acute term treatment this increasing were 44%,82 %,170%,127%,350%,400% in muscle ,brain, liver, gills, intestine and testis respectively
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Magnusson, Brianna M., Callie R. Thackeray, Sarah A. Van Wagenen, Siena F. Davis, Rickelle Richards e Ray M. Merrill. "Perceptions of Public Breastfeeding Images and Their Association With Breastfeeding Knowledge and Attitudes Among an Internet Panel of Men Ages 21–44 in the United States". Journal of Human Lactation 33, n. 1 (6 gennaio 2017): 157–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0890334416682002.
Abstract (sommario):
Background: Men’s attitudes toward public breastfeeding may influence a woman’s decisions about breastfeeding and her perceived comfort with public breastfeeding. Research aim: This study aimed to evaluate factors associated with men’s visual perception of images of public breastfeeding. Methods: A 95-item online survey was administered to 502 U.S. men ages 21 to 44. Respondents were presented with four images of women breastfeeding and asked to evaluate agreement with 15 adjectives describing each image. Based on factor analysis, 13 of these adjectives were combined to create the Breastfeeding Images Scale for each image. An 8-item Situational Statements Scale and the 17-item Iowa Infant Feeding Attitude Scale (IIFAS) were used to assess breastfeeding knowledge and attitudes. Multiple regression was used to evaluate the association between breastfeeding attitudes and knowledge and the Breastfeeding Images Scale. Results: The image depicting a woman breastfeeding privately at home had the highest mean score of 71.95, 95% confidence interval (CI) [70.69, 73.22], on the Breastfeeding Images Scale, compared with 61.93, 95% CI [60.51, 63.36], for the image of a woman breastfeeding in a public setting. The overall mean scale score for the IIFAS was 56.99, 95% CI [56.27, 57.70], and for the Situational Statements Scale was 28.80, 95% CI [27.92, 29.69]. For all images, increasing breastfeeding knowledge and attitudes measured by the IIFAS and the Situational Statements Scale were associated with a more positive perception of the image. Conclusion: Images of public breastfeeding are viewed less favorably by men in the sample than are images of private breastfeeding. Knowledge and attitudes toward breastfeeding are positively associated with perception of breastfeeding images.
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Sakalauskienė, Žana, Miira Vehkalahti, Heikki Murtomaa e Vita Mačiulskienė. "Factors Related to Gender Differences in Toothbrushin g Among Lithuanian Middle-Aged University Employees". Medicina 47, n. 3 (19 marzo 2011): 25. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicina47030025.
Abstract (sommario):
Background and objectives. Many previous studies showed clear gender differences in the percentages of adults reporting toothbrushing more than once a day. This study evaluated the factors determining gender differences in toothbrushing among Lithuanian middle-aged university employees. Material and Methods. A questionnaire survey was anonymously conducted among 35- to 44-year-old employees (n=862) of four universities in Lithuania in 2005. The response rate was 64% (n=553). Data covered toothbrushing frequency, habitual dental attendance, dental health attitudes and knowledge, and subject’s background information. Results. Of all respondents, 68% reported brushing their teeth more than once a day (73% of women and 49% of men, P<0.001) and 51% indicated checkup-based habitual dental attendance (54% of women and 41% of men, P=0.012). The majority reported good dental status as being important to them and poor oral health as injurious to general health. Of all respondents, 44% indicated that “Lack of time is the main reason for incomplete oral self-care” (61% of men and 40% of women, P<0.001). Logistic regression models showed that the strongest factor affecting toothbrushing frequency was the importance of good dental health to them (OR, 1.6; 95% CI, 1.1–2.4; P=0.02) among women and statement that “Poor oral health can be injurious to general health” (OR, 2.6; 95% CI, 1.2–5.5; P=0.01) and checkup-based habitual dental attendance (OR, 2.4; 95% CI, 1.0–5.9; P=0.06) among men. Conclusions. Due to different determinants affecting toothbrushing frequency among men and women, different oral health motivation programs by gender should be developed.
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Pirogova, I. Yu, S. V. Yakovleva, T. V. Neuymina, S. P. Sinitsyn, V. S. Chulkov e T. N. Shamaeva. "Efficacy and Safety of Bicyclol Treatment for Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: Results of a Cohort Study". Rossijskij žurnal gastroènterologii gepatologii koloproktologii 28, n. 4 (1 settembre 2018): 66–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.22416/1382-4376-2018-28-4-66-75.
Abstract (sommario):
Aim. This study is aimed at evaluating the efficacy and safety of Bicyclol administration in patients suffering from non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) («ZIGUN» research) by monitoring laboratory data and non-invasive methods of diagnosis of liver fibrosis and steatosis.Materials and methods. The study included 93 patients with NAFLD with the average age of 44 (38–49) years, having the stage of liver fibrosis and steatosis greater than the 1st according to FibroScan (FibroScan 502 TOUCH with CAP software). Patients were randomized into 2 groups: 1) the main group comprised 67 patients receiving 75 mg/day of Bicyclol for 24 weeks in combination with aerobic exercise and Mediterranean diet; 2) the comparison group (26 patients) prescribed of only aerobic exercise and Mediterranean diet for 24 weeks.Results. During Bicyclol treatment, a decrease in the following indicators was observed: ALT, AST, GGT, CRP by 30 % or more, glycated hemoglobin (–10 %) and HOMA-index (–24 %), cholesterol (–12 %), LDL (–19 %), triglycerides (–31 %), atherogenic coefficient (–22 %). A decrease to the1st stage of fibrosis was observed in 30 patients (44 %), steatosis regression to the 1st stage was noted in 57 patients (85 %). Liver steatosis of the 4th stage was not revealed after treatment with Bicyclol. The number of patients with indolent steatosis (less than 2nd stage) increased 2 times (p < 0.001). No significant changes were found in the group without drug therapy.Conclusions. Bicyclol therapy in NAFLD is accompanied by positive dynamics of inflammation activity markers, insulin resistance and lipid spectrum, which suggests a positive dynamics of the stages of liver fibrosis and steatosis.
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Lim, Ho Yeong, Philippe Merle, Richard S. Finn, Catherine Frenette, Gianluca Masi, Masafumi Ikeda, Hong Zebger-Gong et al. "Regorafenib in patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (uHCC) in routine clinical practice: Interim analysis of the prospective, observational REFINE trial." Journal of Clinical Oncology 38, n. 4_suppl (1 febbraio 2020): 542. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2020.38.4_suppl.542.
Abstract (sommario):
542 Background: Regorafenib significantly improved overall survival (OS) versus placebo in patients (pts) with uHCC who progressed on prior sorafenib therapy in the phase 3 RESORCE trial. The multicenter, international REFINE trial was designed to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of regorafenib in uHCC in the real-world setting. Methods: This prospective, observational trial aims to recruit 1000 pts with uHCC for whom a decision to treat with regorafenib has been made by the treating physician prior to enrollment according to the local health authority approved label. The primary endpoint is the incidence of treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) and dose modifications due to TEAEs (NCI-CTCAE v4.03). Secondary endpoints are OS, progression-free survival, time to progression, best overall tumor response, and duration of treatment. Tumor response and progression are assessed per investigator according to local standard. An interim analysis includes the first 500 pts observed for ≥4 months. We report baseline characteristics, starting dose, and treatment duration for the interim analysis. Results: Of 498 pts evaluable for analysis, median age was 67 years (range: 22–91) and 84% were male. 59% were from Asia. Proportions of pts with ECOG performance status 0–1/≥2 were 82%/5% (missing 13%); 67% and 11% of pts had Child–Pugh A and B liver function, respectively (missing/not evaluable 21%). 60% of pts had metastases and 33% had vascular invasion. HCC etiology included hepatitis B 37%, alcohol use 26%, hepatitis C 23%, and NASH 7%. Baseline alpha-fetoprotein levels were < 400/≥400 ng/mL in 44%/26% of pts (missing 31%). The initial regorafenib dose was 160 mg/day (d) in 58% of pts, 120 mg/d in 13%, and 80 mg/d in 28% (8 pts initiated at 40 mg/d). The mean (SD) initial daily dose was 131 mg/d (37). Median duration of treatment was 3.7 months (IQR: 1.9–8.5). Conclusions: In this interim analysis of the observational REFINE study, some differences were observed in the characteristics of pts treated with regorafenib from the phase 3 RESORCE trial, reflecting less stringent inclusion criteria in a real-world study. Efficacy and safety analyses are ongoing. Clinical trial information: NCT03289273.
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Marsha Azhar Nadhira. "TINJAUAN YURIDIS LEGALITAS LEMBAGA PERLINDUNGAN KONSUMEN SWADAYA MASYARAKAT (LPKSM) SERTA PERANNYA DALAM MELINDUNGI KONSUMEN DI INDONESIA". Gloria Justitia 3, n. 1 (31 maggio 2023): 27–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.25170/gloriajustitia.v3i1.4393.
Abstract (sommario):
Penulisan ini dimaksudkan untuk mengetahui tentang dasar hukum dari Lembaga Perlindungan Konsumen Swadaya Masyarakat (LPKSM) serta bagaimana implementasi perannya sebagai salah satu instrumen yang berperan dalam memberikan program perlindungan kepada masyarakat yang memiliki posisi sebagai konsumen di dalam komoditas pasar global. LPKSM termasuk dalam lembaga non-pemerintah yang diakui di bidang perlindungan konsumen dan memiliki kesempatan untuk berperan aktif dalam mewujudkan perlindungan konsumen, sesuai dengan amanat Pasal 44 dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 8 tahun 1999 tentang Perlindungan Konsumen. LPKSM dalam fungsi pengawasannya berdasarkan pada pasal 10 dalam Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 58 Tahun 2001 tentang Pembinaan Dan Pengawasan Penyelenggaraan Perlindungan Konsumen. Implementasi dari amanat Undang-Undang kepada LPKSM, dalam beberapa tahun terakhir mengalami perbaikan meskipun masih jauh dari kata ideal. Pelaksanaan program penyuluhan mengenai perlindungan konsumen kepada masyarakat telah dilakukan dua pada tahun 2021 yang diikuti oleh 502 orang, dan berbagai bentuk advokasi dan pengaduan kepada stake holder mengenai kasus yang merugikan masyarakat sebagai konsumen sudah dilakukan. Namun, evaluasi dan perbaikan harus terus dilakukan, revisi substansi undang-undang yang masih tidak imbang dan masih menguntungkan bagi pihak pelaku usaha dan peningkatan kualitas SDM pengurus LPKSM harus jadi program prioritas untuk menyelesaikan permasalahan pemberian program perlindungan bagi konsumen di Indonesia.
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Stapleton, Jill M., Martin P. Poirier, Andreas D. Flouris, Pierre Boulay, Ronald J. Sigal, Janine Malcolm e Glen P. Kenny. "Aging impairs heat loss, but when does it matter?" Journal of Applied Physiology 118, n. 3 (1 febbraio 2015): 299–309. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00722.2014.
Abstract (sommario):
Aging is associated with an attenuated physiological ability to dissipate heat. However, it remains unclear if age-related impairments in heat dissipation only occur above a certain level of heat stress and whether this response is altered by aerobic fitness. Therefore, we examined changes in whole body evaporative heat loss (HE) as determined using whole body direct calorimetry in young ( n = 10; 21 ± 1 yr), untrained middle-aged ( n = 10; 48 ± 5 yr), and older ( n = 10; 65 ± 3 yr) males matched for body surface area. We also studied a group of trained middle-aged males ( n = 10; 49 ± 5 yr) matched for body surface area with all groups and for aerobic fitness with the young group. Participants performed intermittent aerobic exercise (30-min exercise bouts separated by 15-min rest) in the heat (40°C and 15% relative humidity) at progressively greater fixed rates of heat production equal to 300 (Ex1), 400 (Ex2), and 500 (Ex3) W. Results showed that HE was significantly lower in middle-aged untrained (Ex2: 426 ± 34; and Ex3: 497 ± 17 W) and older (Ex2: 424 ± 38; and Ex3: 485 ± 44 W) compared with young (Ex2: 472 ± 42; and Ex3: 558 ± 51 W) and middle-aged trained (474 ± 21; Ex3: 552 ± 23 W) males at the end of Ex2 and Ex3 ( P < 0.05). No differences among groups were observed during recovery. We conclude that impairments in HE in older and middle-aged untrained males occur at exercise-induced heat loads of ≥400 W when performed in a hot environment. These impairments in untrained middle-aged males can be minimized through regular aerobic exercise training.