Letteratura scientifica selezionata sul tema "501-600"

Neonatal mortality statistics are frequently reported in 100-g increments of birth weight. We tabulated our mortality statistics using two methods of incrementation: 500 to 599 g, 600 to 699 g, 700 to 799 g, etc. (method A) and 501 to 600 g, 601 to 700 g, 701 to 800 g, etc (method B). In each 100-g weight group, the mortality was less using method B. The average reduction in mortality using method B was 4.1%. Use of the two different methods creates difficulty in making meaningful comparisons of various published reports. We recommend that all future studies use method A, as that method is more consistent with previous recommendations of the World Health Organization.

According to the Highway Capacity Manual (HCM), it is possible to quantify level of service for rural highways using a basic parameter: percent time delay. Since this variable cannot be measured, it is proposed in the HCM that the percentage of delayed vehicles (% DV) be used as a surrogate measure. The manual gives no means of predicting or estimating % DV other than a curve relating total % DV to total hourly volume. However, it is worth noting that the methodology proposed in the manual does not use this curve. In any case, there has been to this date no proposal as to the estimation of % DV by traffic direction. The results of an attempt to estimate % DV by direction through multiple correlations are presented. The data were gathered on four highways in the province of Madrid, Spain (M-111, M-501, M-600, and M-607). Measurements were carried out in 3-h periods on plain or slightly sloping ground during daily or weekly peak periods. The average daily traffic and rate of heavy vehicles in 1991 were, sorted chronologically, 9,500 and 6.4 percent for M-607; 9,800 and 5.1 percent for M-600; 8,100 and 8.6 percent for M-111; and 14,400 and 5.0 percent for M-501. Several multiple correlations are offered, and one is chosen that has an accuracy of 0.7964, expressed through the coefficient r2 (the explained variation). The model is % DV (Direction 1) = A * (VDirection1) + B * (VDirection2) + C, with the following numerical values: % DV = 0.0443 * V1 + 0.0096 * V2 + 25.5411.

Eggs, larvae, pupa and adults of date moth Ephestia cautella were exposed to three levels ofmicrowave power 600, 800 and 1000 W at different exposure time (0,6,8,10,12,14,16,18,20 and 20second). The results showed that microwave had high ability to kill different stages of fig moth. Theeffect increased by increasing of microwaves power and exposure time. The percentage of eggmortality was %100 at 600 and 800 W, and exposure time. Similarly, egg mortality was alsoincreased at 1000 W in less than 12 sec. The highest motility of larvae was %90 at 600 W and%96.67 at 800 W, when the exposure time was 10 sec., while, the mortality was %100 at 1000 W and18 sec. male and female pupal mortality rates was %100 at 800 W, when the exposure times were 20and 18 sec., respectively. The ranges of lethal time of %50 and %95 ( LT 50 , LT 95 ) at 600-1000 Wwere 501-9.9 and 15.7 – 34.2 , 3.0-7.5 and 9.0-50.0and 3.2-4.8 and 7.9-39.1 for egg , larvae andpupae, respectively. However, the results showed that all adult treatments significantly affected ageaverage and emergence of adult male and female. The age of emerged males and females did notexceeded 4.267 and 5.267 days respectively, at 600 W and 6 sec. exposure. While, adult emergencestopped at 800 W and 14 and 16 sec. for male and female pupae respectively. The results of thisinvestigation indicated the affectivity of using microwaves technique and further research efforts isneeded before the feasibility microwave technique can be evaluated as alternative in stored dateschemical method using Methyl Bromide.

Cell migration is involved in various physiological and pathogenic events, and the complex underlying molecular mechanisms have not been fully elucidated. The simple eukaryote Dictyostelium discoideum displays chemotactic locomotion in stages of its life cycle. By characterizing a Dictyostelium mutant defective in chemotactic responses, we identified a novel actin-binding protein serving to modulate cell migration and named it actin-binding protein G (AbpG); this 971–amino acid (aa) protein contains an N-terminal type 2 calponin homology (CH2) domain followed by two large coiled-coil regions. In chemoattractant gradients, abpG− cells display normal directional persistence but migrate significantly more slowly than wild-type cells; expressing Flag-AbpG in mutant cells eliminates the motility defect. AbpG is enriched in cortical/lamellipodial regions and colocalizes well with F-actin; aa 401–600 and aa 501–550 fragments of AbpG show the same distribution as full-length AbpG. The aa 501–550 region of AbpG, which is essential for AbpG to localize to lamellipodia and to rescue the phenotype of abpG− cells, is sufficient for binding to F-actin and represents a novel actin-binding protein domain. Compared with wild-type cells, abpG− cells have significantly higher F-actin levels. Collectively our results suggest that AbpG may participate in modulating actin dynamics to optimize cell locomotion.

Jacques F. Aubert described more than 600 ichneumonid taxa, mainly from the Alps and the Mediterranean region. His large collection was furthermore used by other ichneumonid taxonomists, who described additional new taxa. The namebearing types of 501 of these taxa are deposited at the Musée de Zoologie in Lausanne. In order to make information about these types accessible to future ichneumonid researchers, we here list all taxa and report the original label contents of the name-bearing types. Additionally, we clarify the status of the type specimens and discuss the availability of names in cases where Aubert’s descriptions do not conform to the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature.key words: Ichneumonoidea, holotype, lectotype, neotype, nomenclature, syntype, type catalogue

ABSTRACT The role of the surface (S)-layer proteins of Campylobacter fetus subsp. fetus has been investigated using an ovine model of abortion. Wild-type strain 23D induced abortion in up to 90% of pregnant ewes challenged subcutaneously. Isolates recovered from both dams and fetuses expressed S-layer proteins with variable molecular masses. The spontaneous S-layer-negative variant, strain 23B, neither colonized nor caused abortions in pregnant ewes. A series of isogenic sapA and recA mutants, derived from 23D, also were investigated in this model. A mutant (501 [sapA recA +]) caused abortion in one of five challenged animals and was recovered from the placenta of a second animal. Another mutant (502 [sapA recA]) with no S-layer protein expression caused no colonization or abortions in challenged animals but caused abortion when administered intraplacentally. Mutants 600(2) and 600(4), both recA, had fixed expression of 97- and 127-kDa S-layer proteins, respectively. Two of the six animals challenged with mutant 600(4) were colonized, but there were no abortions. As expected, all five strains recovered expressed a 127-kDa S-layer protein. In contrast, mutant 600(2) was recovered from the placentas of all five challenged animals and caused abortion in two. Unexpectedly, one of the 16 isolates expressed a 127-kDa rather than a 97-kDa S-layer protein. Thus, these studies indicate that S-layer proteins appear essential for colonization and/or translocation to the placenta but are not required to mediate fetal injury and that S-layer variation may occur in a recA strain.

The objective of this work was to evaluate the performance of 15 clones of the IAC 500 series of Hevea brasiliensis, developed at Instituto Agronômico (IAC), over a 12-year period, in the northwest region of São Paulo State, Brazil. The 15 new clones evaluated are primary clones obtained from selected ortets within half-sib progenies. The clone RRIM 600, of Malaysian origin, was used as the control. Dry rubber yield performance over a four-year period, mean girth at the tenth year, girth increment before and during tapping, thermal properties of the natural rubber produced and other characters of the laticiferous system were evaluated. Forty percent of the clones were superior in comparison to the control for yield. Clone IAC 500 recorded the highest yield (66.81 g per tree per tapping) over four years of tapping, followed by IAC 502 (62.37 g per tree per tapping), whereas the control recorded 48.71 g per tree per tapping. All selected clones were vigorous in growth. The natural rubber from this IAC clones showed thermal stability up to 300ºC. No differences were observed in the thermal behavior of rubber among the IAC series and the RRIM 600 clones. The clones IAC 500, IAC 501, IAC 502, IAC 503 and IAC 506 are the more promising for small-scale plantations, due to growth and yield potential.

The TMR (total mixed ration) technology is one of the most sufficient feeding methods on the dairy farms. From a quality assurance and technological point of view, regular TMR testing is of paramount importance to reduce the risk and extent of milk production losses and animal health problems. The goal was to find out how popular the TMR monitoring in Hungary is, and find out, how much it may cost for a dairy farm in a year. In the course of our investigations, we assessed the economic indicators of TMR samples received by the NIR Forage Laboratory of Livestock Performance Testing Ltd. between 2013 and 2021, especially the distribution and size of costs per farm and per cow. Our aim was to be able to draw conclusions about the application rates, the total and relative costs of TMR analyses according to the farm size. The proportion of farms requesting TMR examinations was higher for farms with a larger number of animals (501-1000 cows inspected). Within the category, the highest TMR sample submission rate was found for the farms with 501-600 and 801-1000 cows inspected. The average monthly total TMR laboratory cost per site was extremely low in the period of 2013-2021 (HUF 3,000-10,000 /month/farm) compared to the risk and potential loss. The relative TMR cost of farms with more than 701 cows inspected was rather low (HUF 6-9 / inspected cow / month) in terms of screening for technological errors, risk of loss and quality assurance. This indicates that there is great potential for quality assurance in TMR studies at sites and that this potential is not currently being exploited.

Soil acidification has emerged as a critical limiting factor for the sustainable development of the tea industry. In this article, a comprehensive review of 63 original research articles focusing on the impact of amendments on the pH in tea plantations soil was conducted. Through meta-analysis, the effect of applying soil amendments to increase the pH of tea plantation soil and its influencing factors were investigated. The results revealed that lime had a significant impact, increasing the pH by 18% in tea plantation soil, while rapeseed cake had a minimal (2%) effect. It was observed that as the quantity of amendments and pH levels increased, so did their impact on the pH of tea plantation soil. Subgroup analysis within biochar showed varying effects, depending on soil pH, with an 11% increase in acidic soil. Among these amendments, biochar produced at pyrolysis temperature ranging from 501–600 °C and derived from animal waste demonstrated significant effect on increasing soil pH in tea plantations by 9% and 12%, respectively. This study offers valuable insights into improving and ensuring the health and sustainability of tea plantations.

The welding of metals is one of the most important processes that require high control for obtaining a good quality of weldments. The joining of dissimilar metals is a more complex operation compared to the joining of similar metals due to the differences in physical metallurgical and mechanical properties. In this article, austenitic stainless steel AISI 303 stud was welded to low carbon steel AISI 1008 plate using arc stud welding (ASW) process. An experimental procedure was applied to estimate the effect of welding parameters namely welding current and welding time on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the joint. The optical microscope V83MC50 was used to show microstructure properties while both the micro-Vickers Hardness and tensile test were adopted to evaluate the mechanical properties. The results revealed that the presence of carbides at the fusion zone FZ towards AISI 303 leads to the maximum value of hardness (501) HV. The best welding parameters were 600 AMP 0.25 second at which joint strength of 515 MPa was recorded. Welding time was the most important parameter in the ASW process followed by welding current, proper selection of welding time, and current welding produces good joint quality

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DENTIFICATION PROCESSES WITH TEACHING: A VIEW FROM THE TEACHER TRAINING OF PROSPECTIVE LANGUAGE TEACHING STUDENTS Author: Ida Maria Morales Marins Orientator: Dr. Hilário I. Bohn The present study investigates the identification processes of prospective language teachers with the professional tasks of language teaching. Students who participated in the study are enrolled in a Teaching Language Programme of a Public Brazilian University in Southern Brazil. The research aims at identifying the professional representations mobilized by these students along their training process at the University. To develop this main objective of the study the researcher will, first identify the discursive representations of the students about the teaching profession, and, second, to identify and analyze the formative practices that may contribute to the mobilization of the identification processes with the profession. The theoretical support of the study comes from the insights of the Cultural Studies, from Identity Studies, both dialoguing with the findings of sociological and social psychology research. For the analysis and interpretation of the data we also seek support from the linguistic dialogical theory as proposed by the Circle of Bakhtin. We furthermore assume that language plays a central role in the construction of personal and professional identities of human beings. Methodologically, the research is situated in a qualitative-interpretative paradigm, addressing the generation and data collection in a “quasi ethnographic” manner including observation, answers to a written questionnaire, the discourses of a focal group discussion, and the collection of documents of the institution in which students were receiving their professional training. Four students participated in the study. In the analysis and interpretation of the data we first discuss the representations of the professional language teacher in the learners’ written texts; after that, we work the second goal of the research, bringing two themes that emerge from the focal group. They are: the importance of the preservice training of teaching and the reflection as a formative practice. After that, we focus on the representations and practices involved in the processes of identification with the teaching profession. From the analysis and the interpretation, we identified a set of representations present in the language (discourse) of the students related to their living experiences, and also related to the theoretical-methodological, and discursive interventions along their training course. We found that the “acts of reflection on teaching”, that is, the “being and practicing the profession” were permeating the representations as well as the practices of students in the preservice training, contributing this way to the mobilization of the identification processes of the profession. From the observation of these findings, we defend the thesis that the learners’ identification process with teaching, in the course of initial training, is strongly related to the acts of reflection on teaching and in the teaching process as such.
PROCESSOS DE IDENTIFICAÇÃO COM A DOCÊNCIA: UM OLHAR A PARTIR DA TRAJETÓRIA DE FORMAÇÃO DE ALUNAS EM UM CURSO DE LICENCIATURA EM LETRAS Autor: Ida Maria Morales Marins Orientador: Dr. Hilário I. Bohn O presente estudo investiga processos de identificação com a docência por alunas, estudantes de um Curso de Letras de uma universidade pública do Rio Grande do Sul (RS), mobilizados nas representações e nas práticas formativas envolvidas no percurso de sua formação no ensino superior. Para desenvolver esse objetivo principal, o subdividimos em dois específicos: a) analisar as representações discursivas das alunas sobre a profissão professor; b) identificar e analisar, na voz das alunas, as práticas formativas que podem contribuir na mobilização de processos de identificação com a profissão. Para dar sustentação teórica ao estudo, nos apoiamos principalmente nos Estudos Culturais (EC) para as discussões em torno do tema da identidade em interlocução com a Sociologia, as Ciências da Educação, a Psicologia Social; no tocante ao tema da subjetividade, e em estudos que tratam das identidades pelas vias discursivas. Apoiamos-nos também na Teoria Dialógica de Bakhtin e o Círculo para fins do trabalho de análise e interpretação, tendo em vista esta ser uma teoria que concebe a linguagem como constituidora dos sujeitos e assim das suas identidades pessoais e profissionais. Metodologicamente, a pesquisa situa-se dentro do paradigma qualitativointerpretativista, abordando um estudo do tipo etnográfico. Para desenvolvê-la, selecionamos um grupo de quatro alunas e utilizamos dados de diferentes fontes. Textos escritos e conversas em um grupo focal são as fontes dominantes e como complementares, temos a parte final dos relatórios de estágio em Língua Portuguesa e informações do Projeto Pedagógico do Curso de Letras. Para fins de organização, discutimos primeiramente as representações sobre o ser professor, a partir dos textos escritos pelas alunas; depois, trabalhamos o segundo objetivo da pesquisa, trazendo dois temas emergentes do grupo focal. São eles: a relevância do estágio de docência e a reflexão como prática formativa. Por fim, fazemos outras reflexões entrecruzando representações e práticas implicadas nos processos de identificação com a profissão professor. Das análises e interpretação, percebemos um conjunto de representações instauradas nos discursos das alunas compreendidas como produto de suas experiências e das intervenções de ordem teórico-metodológicas e discursivas ao longo do curso. Notamos que os atos de reflexão sobre docência (o ser e o fazer da profissão), mobilizados ao longo do curso, foram permeando as representações e as práticas das alunas no campo de estágio, contribuindo na mobilização dos processos de identificação com a profissão. A partir dessa constatação, defendemos a tese de que os processos de identificação com a docência, no percurso da formação inicial, estão fortemente relacionados aos atos de reflexão sobre docência e na docência.

Die Dissertation liefert eine Neuinterpretation des theoretischen Hauptziels der Harmonischen Elemente des Aristoxenos, sofern in der späten Herausbildung seines Dynamis-Begriffs unstrittig die zentrale Konzeption eines Wissens von der Musik liegt. Im Unterschied zur vorherrschenden Lehrmeinung und den bisherigen, vornehmlich musikhistorisch und philosophiegeschichtlich argumentierenden Ansätzen, welche die Innovationen des Aristoxenos auf die Befolgung der Methodik seines Lehrers Aristoteles und einer wissenschaftlichen Ferne von den Pythagoreern zurückführen, kommt die vorliegende, hauptsächlich medientheoretisch vorgehende Untersuchung zu dem gegenteiligen Ergebnis, dass (i) die Dynamis des Aristoxenos der Metaphysik des Aristoteles eklatant widerspricht und (ii) allein aus einer weiter gefassten Ontohistorie der griechischen Mousa-Kultur und deren philosophischen Verarbeitung durch den späten, pythagoreisierenden Platon in ihrer musiktheoretischen Relevanz hinreichend erkannt und in ihrer epistemologischen Signifikanz ausreichend gewürdigt werden kann. Für den Ansatz gilt zum einen, ernst zu nehmen, wie die in ihrer Vehemenz und Absolutheit bislang unverstandene Kritik an der Musiknotation aus der erstmaligen Einbeziehung der Melodie in die Wissenschaft von der Harmonie resultiert und entsprechend die radikalen Konsequenzen zu verfolgen, wie durch diese Verzeitlichung die Theorie der Musik insgesamt zu einer logisch-technischen Betrachtung eines harmonischen Prozesses wird, der unweigerlich mit virtuellen Entitäten operieren muss. Zum anderen sieht sich die Arbeit gezwungen, weit auszuholen, um kulturtechnisch auf die epistemogenen Momente der Erfindung des Alphabets und der Entdeckung des Inkommensurablen einzugehen, sowie philologisch das Pythagoreerbild des Aristoteles zu korrigieren. Beides zusammen führt ferner auf die Notwendigkeit, einen ‚zeiteigenen Sinn der Geschichte‘ zu postulieren und methodisch eine ‚doppelt negative Medienarchäologie‘ zu entwickeln.
This dissertation provides a reinterpretation of the major goal of Aristoxenus’ Harmonic Elements, inasmuch as it is beyond dispute that his late notion of dynamis constitutes the pivotal conception for a scientific understanding of music. Up to now the prevailing doctrine and a primarily music-historical arguing underpinned by a common approach to the history of philosophy holds that the innovations of Aristoxenus were to be explained by reference to the methodology obtained from his teacher Aristotle and the scientific distance taken from the Pythagoreans. By contrast, the present, mainly media-theoretical investigation arrives at the converse conclusion that (i) Aristoxenus’ notion strikingly contradicts the metaphysics of Aristotle and that (ii) it is alone by attaining a deeper onto-historical insight into the Greek Mousa-Culture and its philosophical incorporation by the late Pythagorising Plato that the music-theoretical relevance of the dynamis of Aristoxenus becomes sufficiently identifiable and that its epistemological significance can adequately be assessed. On the one hand, regarding the approach, one has to seriously account for the fierceness and absoluteness of the hitherto not understood critique of musical notation resulting from the first-time inclusion of melody into harmonic science. Accordingly, the radical consequences are to be traced, namely how by this temporalisation the theory of music as a whole is turned into a logico-technical consideration of a harmonic process that inevitably has to operate with virtual entities. On the other hand, the study is forced to go far afield in order to elucidate the epistomogenic momentum accompanying the invention of the alphabet and the discovery of incommensurability, as well as to correct the image of the Pythagoreans drawn by Aristotle. Taken together, this led to the need of postulating a ‘time’s own sense of history’ and to methodologically develop a ‘double negative media archaeology’.

Abstract Within the pursuit of improved economic electricity production with reduced environmental pollution, the European research activities COST 501/522 aimed to develop advanced 9-12%Cr steels for highly stressed turbine components by increasing thermal efficiency through higher steam temperatures up to 600/625°C. One such modified Cr steel, a tungsten-alloyed 10%Cr steel, has been in industrial production for several years in steam and gas turbine applications. This paper firstly discusses experiences in manufacturing, non-destructive testing, and mechanical properties achieved in forgings of this COST grade E steel. Secondly, it reports on the manufacturing of a trial melt of a later 9%Cr steel containing cobalt and boron from COST development, describing its long-term creep behavior, microstructural features responsible for superior creep resistance, and test results including short-term properties, detectable flaw size, and initial creep results for a full-size trial rotor forging.