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Musser, Steven M., Merrill J. Egorin, Eleanor G. Zuhowski, Deborah R. Hamburger, Robert A. Parise, Joseph M. Covey, Kevin D. White e Julie L. Eiseman. "Biliary excretion of 17-(allylamino)-17-demethoxygeldanamycin (NSC 330507) and metabolites by Fischer 344 rats". Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology 52, n. 2 (1 agosto 2003): 139–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00280-003-0630-z.
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Sedziol, Carley, Sari Bosnyak, Nadja Knox, Haley Ravia e Clarence E. Ferguson. "PSXV-16 Association of Experience and pre-Race Behavior in Performance Among Racing Quarter Horses". Journal of Animal Science 100, Supplement_3 (21 settembre 2022): 294. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skac247.534.
Abstract (sommario):
Abstract The annual average cost of maintaining a racehorse will typically outweigh its earning, making it important that the horse performs above average. The goal of this study was to investigate if the age or experience level of a racehorse could be associated with performance. This study observed pre-racing Quarter Horses (n = 1,033) behavior during one racing season at Delta Downs racetrack (Vinton, LA). The horses were placed into groups based on race experience (0-2, 3-10, and 11+ total races). Horse pre-race before saddling (BSAD), saddling (SAD), after saddling (ASAD) and post-parade (POST) behaviors (calm, ready or nervous) were observed to identify if the horse was calm, ready, or nervous. The behavior types were recorded as categorical variables in this study and were analyzed using proc FREQ, and the finish was recorded as a quantitative variable and were analyzed using proc GLM with (P < 0.05) being statistically different. Horses with 11+ races had a mean±SE finish (4.9±0.1), better (P< 0.05), than horses with 3 to 10 races (4.8±0.2) and both were better (P< 0.05) than horses with 0 to 2 races experience (5.5±0.2). Race experience was also associated with pre-race behaviors. There were more (P< 0.05) horses with 0 to 2 races experience that were classified as nervous during the BSAD (39/326, 11.9%), SAD (29/326, 8.9%), ASAD (13/325, 4.0%) and POST (17/320, 5.3%) compared with horses with 11 plus races experience; BSAD (5/343, 1.5%), SAD (16/343, 4.7%), ASAD (4/343, 1.2%) and POST (1/341, 0.3%). The improvement in race finish among horses with more experience could be that they have been placed in more suitable levels of racing competition compared with unexperienced horses. However, the additional racing experience was associated with less stress or fear-full behaviors pre-race that can result in a reduction of available energy to possibly prolonged elevated cortisol concentrations.
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Gulick, Hannah C., Sarah Sadavoy, Luca Matrà, Patrick Sheehan e Nienke van der Marel. "Detection of Substructures in Young Transition Disk WL 17". Astrophysical Journal 922, n. 2 (26 novembre 2021): 150. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ac21cc.
Abstract (sommario):
Abstract WL 17 is a young transition disk in the Ophiuchus L1688 molecular cloud complex. Even though WL 17 is among the brightest disks in L1688 and massive enough to expect dust self-scattering, it was undetected in polarization down to Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array’s (ALMA’s) instrument sensitivity limit. Such low polarization fractions could indicate unresolved polarization within the beam or optically thin dust emission. We test the latter case by combining the high-sensitivity 233 GHz Stokes I data from the polarization observations with previous ALMA data at 345 and 100 GHz. We use simple geometric shapes to fit the observed disk visibilities in each band. Using our simple models and assumed dust temperature profiles, we estimate the optical depth in all three bands. The optical depth at 233 GHz peaks at τ 233 ∼ 0.3, which suggests the dust emission may not be optically thick enough for dust self-scattering to be efficient. We also find the higher-sensitivity 233 GHz data show substructure in the disk for the first time. The substructure appears as brighter lobes along the major axis, on either side of the star. We attempt to fit the lobes with a simple geometric model, but they are unresolved in the 233 GHz data. We propose that the disk may be flared at 1 mm such that there is a higher column of dust along the major axis than the minor axis when viewed at an inclination. These observations highlight the strength of high-sensitivity continuum data from dust polarization observations to study disk structures.
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Belghiti, J., A. Saget, D. Fuks, S. Dokmak, S. J. Faivre, M. Ronot e V. Paradis. "Safety of liver resection for HCC in patients previously treated with sorafenib." Journal of Clinical Oncology 29, n. 4_suppl (1 febbraio 2011): 345. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2011.29.4_suppl.345.
Abstract (sommario):
345 Background: The efficiency of sorafenib in HCC has led to its utilization in the neo-adjuvant setting in selected cases. We assessed the safety of liver surgery in patients previously treated with sorafenib. Methods: From January 2009 to April 2010, 8 patients were resected following treatment with sorafenib. The median length of treatment was 1.5 months (range: 0.23-15). Mean size of tumors was 6.4cm (2-10). Alphafoetoprotein (AFP) was elevated in 5 patients, ranging from 45 to 100,000. Six patients had chronic liver disease. The cohort of 8 patients was cross-matched with 17 comparable patients who underwent primary resection without sorafenib during the same period. Results: After sorafenib therapy there was a decrease of HCC size (n=4, median size decrease of 55%) and AFP level (n=4). AFP returned to normal in 3 patients. Peri-operative data showed that previous treatment with sorafenib was not associated with increased length of surgical procedure (265 vs. 293 min), blood loss (400 vs. 530cc) or blood transfusion (0 vs. 5 Units). No mortality was reported, while overall morbidity (50 vs. 61%), length of stay (10 vs. 12 days) and intensive care requirement (43 vs. 44%) were similar in both groups. Recovery of postoperative liver biochemical tests did not show significant differences between the groups. Specimen analysis showed a higher rate of tumor necrosis in the sorafenib group (100% vs 46%) while no hepatotoxicity induced by chemotherapy was found. Conclusions: The administration of preoperative sorafenib therapy, which can improve disease control of HCC, does not increase operative risk. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
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Jin, Weiwei, Qizhao Zhu, Yanbo Yang, Wenqian Yang, Dongyang Wang, Jiajun Yang, Xiaohui Niu, Debing Yu e Jing Gong. "Animal-APAdb: a comprehensive animal alternative polyadenylation database". Nucleic Acids Research 49, n. D1 (28 settembre 2020): D47—D54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkaa778.
Abstract (sommario):
Abstract Alternative polyadenylation (APA) is an important post-transcriptional regulatory mechanism that recognizes different polyadenylation signals on transcripts, resulting in transcripts with different lengths of 3′ untranslated regions and thereby influencing a series of biological processes. Recent studies have highlighted the important roles of APA in human. However, APA profiles in other animals have not been fully recognized, and there is no database that provides comprehensive APA information for other animals except human. Here, by using the RNA sequencing data collected from public databases, we systematically characterized the APA profiles in 9244 samples of 18 species. In total, we identified 342 952 APA events with a median of 17 020 per species using the DaPars2 algorithm, and 315 691 APA events with a median of 17 953 per species using the QAPA algorithm in these 18 species, respectively. In addition, we predicted the polyadenylation sites (PAS) and motifs near PAS of these species. We further developed Animal-APAdb, a user-friendly database (http://gong_lab.hzau.edu.cn/Animal-APAdb/) for data searching, browsing and downloading. With comprehensive information of APA events in different tissues of different species, Animal-APAdb may greatly facilitate the exploration of animal APA patterns and novel mechanisms, gene expression regulation and APA evolution across tissues and species.
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Andersen, Stine Linding, Stefan Lönn, Peter Vestergaard e Ove Törring. "Birth defects after use of antithyroid drugs in early pregnancy: a Swedish nationwide study". European Journal of Endocrinology 177, n. 4 (ottobre 2017): 369–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/eje-17-0314.
Abstract (sommario):
Objective Antithyroid drugs (ATDs) may have teratogenic effects, but more evidence is needed on the risk and types of birth defects after the use of methimazole (MMI) and propylthiouracil (PTU). This study aimed to evaluate the association between the use of ATDs in early pregnancy and birth defects. Design Swedish nationwide register-based cohort study. Methods The study included 684 340 children live-born in Sweden from 2006 to 2012. Exposure groups defined by maternal ATD use in early pregnancy were MMI (n = 162); PTU (n = 218); MMI and PTU (n = 66); ATD before or after, but not in pregnancy (n = 1551) and non-exposed (never ATD (n = 682 343)). Outcome was cumulative incidence of birth defects diagnosed before two years of age. Results The cumulative incidence of birth defects was not significantly different in children exposed to MMI (6.8%, P = 0.6) or PTU (6.4%, P = 0.4) vs non-exposed (8.0%). For subtypes of birth defects, MMI was associated with an increased incidence of septal heart defects (P = 0.02). PTU was associated with ear (P = 0.005) and obstructive urinary system malformations (P = 0.006). A case of choanal atresia was observed after exposure to both MMI and PTU. The incidence of birth defects in children born to mothers who received ATD before or after, but not in pregnancy, was 8.8% and not significantly different from non-exposed (P = 0.3), MMI exposed (P = 0.4) or PTU exposed (P = 0.2). Conclusions MMI and PTU were associated with subtypes of birth defects previously reported, but the frequency of ATD exposure in early pregnancy was low and severe malformations described in the MMI embryopathy were rarely observed.
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Timotijevic, S., Z. Bascarevic, Z. Vukasinovic, G. Trajkovic, V. Bascarevic e V. Bascarevic. "Early complications in elderly patients operated because of the fracture of the femoral neck". Acta chirurgica Iugoslavica 57, n. 1 (2010): 41–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/aci1001041t.
Abstract (sommario):
Fractures of the femoral neck are the most common with the older population, and in this population are dominantly made by the forces of low strength intensity. Aim: To show early complications ensued during the first 6 weeks after the surgical treatment of the older patients with fractures of the femoral neck. Materials and method: 315 hospitalised patients are included within the retrospective analysis who are operated because of the fracture of the femoral neck in KBC Bezanijska Kosa in Belgrade, in the period 2007-2010. Results: Early complications noted during the first 6 weeks after the surgery were: death of the patient 17 (5.3%), dislocation of the endoprosthesis 12 (3.8%), wound infection 8 (2.5%), pulmonary embolism 1 (0,3%), deep-vein thrombosis 6 (1.9%), lesion n. peroneusa 4 (1.2%), paraplegia 1 (0.3%), decubital wounds of sacral region 15 (4.8%). Conclusion: Aloplastic surgery of dislocated fractures of the femoral neck with the older population enables relatively fast mobilisation of the patients, early rehabilitation of the patients with acceptable number of the early complications.
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Whittall, Ian R., Mark G. Humphrey e David C. R. Hockless. "Structural Systematics of Metal Acetylide Complexes. II. X-Ray Studies of Some Nickel σ-Acetylide Complexes". Australian Journal of Chemistry 51, n. 3 (1998): 219. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/c97082.
Abstract (sommario):
The structures of Ni(C≡CR)(PPh3)(η-C5H5) (R = Ph (1), C6H4-4-NO2 (2), 4-C6H4C6H4-4′-NO2 (3), (E)-4-C6H4CH=CHC6H4-4′-NO2 (4), 4-C6H4C≡CC6H4-4′-NO2 (5), 4-C6H4N=CHC6H4-4′-NO2 (6)) have been determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction studies, refining by full-matrix least-squares analysis. For (1), crystals are triclinic, space group P-1, with a 10·094(2), b13·429(3), c 18·835(5) Å,α 103·24(2), β 91·50(2), γ 90·10(2)°, Z 4, 5844 unique reflections (595 parameters), converging at R 0·033 and Rw 0·024. For (2), crystals are orthorhombic, space group Pna21, with a 16·799(2), b 8·681(2), c 17·485(2) Å, Z 4, 1774 unique reflections (325 parameters), converging at R 0·031 and Rw 0·029. For (3), crystals are monoclinic, space group P 21/c, with a 11·140(3), b 18·282(4), c 15·296(2) Å, β 105·18(2)°, Z 4, 3132 unique reflections (397 parameters), converging at R 0·039 and Rw 0·024. For (4), crystals are monoclinic, space group P 21/n, with a 12·929(7), b 16·953(8), c 15·601(7) Å, β 112·55(3), Z 4, 3023 unique reflections (397 parameters), converging at R 0·039 and Rw 0·025. For (5), crystals are monoclinic, space group P 21/n, with a 12·710(5), b 16·882(3), c 15·693(4) Å, β 111·37(3)°, Z 4, 3216 unique reflections (397 parameters), converging at R 0·035 and Rw 0·030. For (6), crystals are monoclinic, space group P 21/n, with a 12·594(1), b 16·936(2), c 15·611(1) Å, β 112·476(5)°, Z 4, 3564 unique reflections (397 parameters), converging at R 0·038 and Rw 0·041. For structurally characterized 18-electron (cyclopentadienyl)nickel(II) acetylide complexes, statistically insignificant decreases in the average Ni-C(1) distance and trans influence and an increase in the average C(1)-C(2) parameter are observed on introduction of an acceptor substituent at the alkynyl ligand.
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Leal, Diogo V., Lee Taylor e John Hough. "Exercise-Induced Salivary Hormone Responses to High-Intensity, Self-Paced Running". International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance 16, n. 9 (1 settembre 2021): 1319–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.2020-0541.
Abstract (sommario):
Purpose: Physical overexertion can lead to detrimental overreaching states without sufficient recovery, which may be identifiable by blunted exercise-induced cortisol and testosterone responses. A running test (RPETP) elicits reproducible plasma cortisol and testosterone elevations (in a healthy state) and may detect blunted hormonal responses in overreached athletes. This current study determined the salivary cortisol and testosterone responses reproducibility to the RPETP, to provide greater practical validity using saliva compared with the previously utilized blood sampling. Second, the relationship between the salivary and plasma responses was assessed. Methods: A total of 23 active, healthy males completed the RPETP on 3 occasions. Saliva (N = 23) and plasma (N = 13) were collected preexercise, postexercise, and 30 minutes postexercise. Results: Salivary cortisol did not elevate in any RPETP trial, and reduced concentrations occurred 30 minutes postexercise (P = .029, η2 = .287); trial differences were observed (P < .001, η2 = .463). The RPETP elevated (P < .001, η2 = .593) salivary testosterone with no effect of trial (P = .789, η2 = .022). Intraindividual variability was 25% in cortisol and 17% in testosterone. “Fair” intraclass coefficients of .46 (cortisol) and .40 (testosterone) were found. Salivary and plasma cortisol positively correlated (R = .581, P = .037) yet did not for testosterone (R = .345, P = .248). Conclusions: The reproducibility of salivary testosterone response to the RPETP is evident and supports its use as a potential tool, subject to further confirmatory work, to detect hormonal dysfunction during overreaching. Salivary cortisol responds inconsistently in a somewhat individualized manner to the RPETP.
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Fabris, Sonia, Giovanna Cutrona, Massimo Gentile, Serena Matis, Emanuela Anna Pesce, Francesco Di Raimondo, Caterina Musolino et al. "Incidence of Cytogenetic Abnormalities in Newly Diagnosed Binet Stage A B-CLL and Relationship with Prognostic Biomarkers: Preliminary Results On 305 Patients Included in the Prospective O-CLL1 GISL Study." Blood 114, n. 22 (20 novembre 2009): 2341. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v114.22.2341.2341.
Abstract (sommario):
Abstract Abstract 2341 Poster Board II-318 Background. The clinical heterogeneity of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) requires parameters to stratify patients into prognostic subgroups to adapt treatment ranging from ‘watch and wait’ to allogeneic stem cell transplantation. To this end, several parameters such as lymphocyte doubling time, β-2 microglobulin, CD38 and ZAP-70 expression, immunoglobulin variable heavy chain (IgVH) mutation status and genetic abnormalities, as assessed by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), have been integrated in clinical practice. Aims. In the present study, we investigated by FISH the incidence of the known major cytogenetic alterations (+12 and 13q14, 17p13, 11q23 deletions) in a series of Binet A B-CLL patients included in the prospective O-CLL1 GISL study started in April 2007. Methods. Molecular markers characterization and FISH analyses were performed as previously reported (Cutrona et al. Haematologica, 2008; Fabris et al. GCC, 2008). A cut-off value of 2% was used to distinguish mutated and unmutated patients. CD38 and ZAP-70 were determined by flow-cytometry and a 30% cut-off was used to distinguish between positive or negative cases. Results. Up to date, 326 patients have been enrolled in the trial and FISH data concerning trisomy 12 and 13q14, 17p13, 11q23 deletions were available in 305 patients. At least one abnormality was found in 197 (64%) cases. The most frequent was del(13)(q14) (150/305, 49%), followed by +12 (40/303, 13%) (in one and three cases accompanied by 17p13 and 13q14 deletions, respectively), del(17)(p13) (7/305, 2%) and del(11)(q23) (17/305, 5%). 13q14 deletion was found as a sole abnormality in 134 patients; in the remaining cases, it was combined with +12 (3 pts) and 17p13 (3 pts) or 11q23 (10 pts) deletions. Among patients with 13q14 deletions, 99 were monoallelic, 12 biallelic and 39 showed a combination of the two patterns. Biomarkers data were available in all of the patients: 95/305 (31%) cases had unmutated IgVH genes; ZAP-70 and CD38 were positive in 117/305 (38%) and 72/305 (23%) cases, respectively. Concerning the distribution of cytogenetic aberrations, the unmutated IgVH group included 29/150 (19%) 13q14 deleted cases, 23/40 (57%) cases with trisomy 12 and 4/7 (57%) and 16/17 (94%) with 17p13 and 11q23 deletions, respectively. ZAP-70-positive groups included 43/150 (28%) 13q14 deleted cases, 26/40 (65%) cases showing trisomy 12 and 5/7 (71%) and 12/17 (70%) with 17p13 and 11q23 deletions, respectively. Finally, CD38-positive cases included 18/150 (12%) 13q14 deleted cases, 26/40 (65%) cases carrying trisomy 12 and 5/7 (71%) and 7/17 (41%) with 17p13 and 11q23 deletions, respectively. The percentages of IgVH mutations significantly correlated with cytogenetic alterations; namely, 5.8±0.3 for cases with del(13)(q14), 4.6±0.4 for normal karyotype, 2.6±0.5 in +12, 0.3±0.2 in del(11)(q23), and 1.7±0.9 in del(17)(p13) cases (p for trend <0.0001). A significant correlation was also found for ZAP-70 expression: namely 32±1.8 for cases with del(13)(q14), 38.6±2.2 for normal karyotype, 47.6±3.7 for +12, 55.8±7.0 for del(11)(q22) and 42.4±11.7 for del(17)(p13) (p<0.0001). Similarly, CD38 percentages were (mean value ± sem) 9.3±1.7, 16.9±2.1, 52.9±5.7, 26.8±6.2, 37.0±12.7 for del(13)(q14), normal karyotype, +12, del(11)(q23) and del(17)(p13) alterations, respectively (p for trend <0.0001). Finally, cytogenetic abnormalities were clustered in 3 risk groups [i.e. low del(13)(q14) and normal; intermediate (+12); and high risk del(11)(q23) and del(17)(p13)] and significantly correlated (p<0.0001) with a scoring system in which cases were stratified in 4 different groups according to the absence (group 0) or presence of 1 (group 1), 2 (group 2) or 3 (group 3) biomarkers (Morabito et al., BJH, 2009, voce). Interestingly, 147/154 cases scoring 0, gathered in the low FISH group, whereas 17/22 high FISH risk cases clustered in scoring 2-3. Conclusions. Our preliminary results indicate that in Binet stage A B-CLL patients at diagnosis cytogenetic abnormalities with an expected negative clinical impact are relatively few (7.2%) but significantly associated with prognostic biomarkers which negatively predict the clinical outcome in B-CLL. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
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Micev, Kire, Jan Steiner, Asude Aydin, Jörg Rieckermann e Tobi Delbruck. "Measuring diameters and velocities of artificial raindrops with a neuromorphic event camera". Atmospheric Measurement Techniques 17, n. 1 (18 gennaio 2024): 335–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/amt-17-335-2024.
Abstract (sommario):
Abstract. Hydrometers that measure size and velocity distributions of precipitation are needed for research and corrections of rainfall estimates from weather radars and microwave links. Existing optical disdrometers measure droplet size distributions, but underestimate small raindrops and are impractical for widespread always-on IoT deployment. We study the feasibility of measuring droplet size and velocity using a neuromorphic event camera. These dynamic vision sensors asynchronously output a sparse stream of pixel brightness changes. Droplets falling through the plane of focus of a steeply down-looking camera create events generated by the motion of the droplet across the field of view. Droplet size and speed are inferred from the hourglass-shaped stream of events. Using an improved hard disk arm actuator to reliably generate artificial raindrops with a range of small sizes, our experiments show maximum errors of 7 % (mean absolute percentage error) for droplet sizes from 0.3 to 2.5 mm and speeds from 1.3 to 8.0 m s−1. Measurements with the same setup from a commercial PARSIVEL disdrometer show similar results. Both devices slightly overestimate the small droplet volume with a volume overestimation of 25 % from the event camera measurements and 50 % from the PARSIVEL instrument. Each droplet requires processing of 5000 to 50 000 brightness change events, potentially enabling low-power always-on disdrometers that consume power proportional to the rainfall rate. Data and code are available at the paper website https://sites.google.com/view/dvs-disdrometer/home (Micev et al., 2023).
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Della Torre, Carl J., William T. Haller e Lyn A. Gettys. "Effect of Soil Carbon on Phytotoxicity of Topramezone-treated Irrigation Water to St. Augustinegrass". HortTechnology 28, n. 1 (febbraio 2018): 22–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/horttech03858-17.
Abstract (sommario):
Topramezone is a 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase (HPPD)-inhibiting herbicide that was labeled for aquatic use in Florida in 2013 with a maximum submersed application concentration of 50 µg·L−1. Preliminary greenhouse studies reported that the concentration of herbicide that reduces growth by 10% compared with untreated controls (EC10) of topramezone in irrigation water applied to st. augustinegrass (Stenotaphrum secundatum) grown in 100% sand was 3.5 ppb. The objective of these experiments was to determine whether substrate carbon content influenced the response of ‘Palmetto’ st. augustinegrass to irrigation with topramezone-treated water. The herbicide was applied at concentrations ranging from 0 to 120 ppb to mature plants grown in 7.5-inch-diameter nursery containers. Pots were filled with washed masonry sand amended with one of five carbon contents: 0%, 0.3%, 0.6%, 1.5%, and 4.0%. Plants were irrigated twice weekly for 4 weeks with topramezone-containing water and grown out for 12 weeks after the final topramezone treatment to evaluate possible recovery from any herbicide damage. Plant material was clipped as needed for a total of eight harvests and each harvest was dried and weighed. EC10 values for ‘Palmetto’ st. augustinegrass grown in substrates with 0%, 0.3%, 0.6%, 1.5%, and 4.0% carbon were 3.7, 7.3, 10.1, 28.1, and 25.7 ppb, respectively. These experiments revealed that substrate carbon content has a noteworthy effect on the susceptibility of ‘Palmetto’ st. augustinegrass to topramezone in irrigation water. However, regular irrigation with water containing high concentrations of topramezone is likely to cause damage to ‘Palmetto’ st. augustinegrass in Florida's sandy soils.
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Ingham, Alison M., Chao Xu, T. W. Whitcombe, Chengtian Xu, J. N. Bridson e Alexander McAuley. "Substitution reactions at the Ni(III) cation in macrobicyclic complexes Reaction of metal ion complexes prepared from ligands L1 (17-oxa-1,4,8,11-tetraazabicyclo[6.5.6]nonadecane) and L2 (17-oxa-1,4,8,11-tetraazabicyclo[10.5.2]nonadecane) with chloride ion". Canadian Journal of Chemistry 80, n. 2 (1 febbraio 2002): 155–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v02-003.
Abstract (sommario):
The potentially penta-coordinating ligand L1 has been synthesized by reaction of the bridge bis-(2-(methylsulfonyl)oxyethyl)ether with the tetraazamacrocycle cyclam (cyclam = 1,4,8,11-tetraazatetradecane). The copper(II) complex was characterized initially and subsequent demetallation provided pure L1. Electrochemical and chemical oxidation of the nickel(II) species yields a Ni(III) ion (low-spin d7, rhombic, gxx 2.195, gyy 2.189, gzz 2.027) of sufficient stability in acidic solutions for kinetic measurements to be undertaken of substitution reactions at the sixth site. The isomeric ligand L2, has been synthesized previously, and reactions of the [Ni(L1)(solv)]3+ and [Ni(L2)(solv)]3+ ions with chloride have also been investigated. In both reactions, an unusually high acid dissociation constant is observed, associated with the proposed replacement of the apical ether oxygen by a water molecule that is bound both to the metal centre and hydrogen bonded to the ether. The structure [Ni(L2)](PF6)2 (monoclinic, P21/c, a = 10.699(2), b = 13.244(4), c = 16.603(2) Å, β = 92.10(1)°) converged at R = 0.055 (R' = 0.057) for 325 parameters using 3293 reflections with I > 2σ(I). In this complex, the detachment of the ether O donor to yield a square-planar complex is confirmed. Comparisons are made with substitution rates at other Ni(III) macrocyclic ions.Key words: nickel(III), substitution, macrobicyclic ligand, synthesis, kinetics.
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AREFYEV, A. V., R. B. GULIYEV, A. V. DAGAEV, E. E. MAIOROV, E. A. PISAREVA e M. V. KHOKHLOVA. "EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF THE DEVELOPED COLOMETRIC SENSOR FOR MEASURING THE COLOR OF GLASS". Fundamental and Applied Problems of Engineering and Technology, n. 1 (2021): 131–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.33979/2073-7408-2021-345-1-131-137.
Abstract (sommario):
This article to the study of a colorimetric sensor for measuring the color parameters of transparent and diffusely reflecting objects is devoted. This paper a colorimetric sensor that uses a three-element RGB photodiode is presented. The block diagram and appearance of the developed sensor are shown. The operation of the colorimeter is described, and the spectral sensitivity of the RGB photodiode is obtained. Specially developed software for obtaining measurements in digital and graphical form is presented. The metrological capabilities of the colorimetric sensor by comparing the obtained measurement results with independent data were investigated. Optical color glasses of the following brands were used for calibration: KS-11; ZHZS-17; SS-2; ZS-4; ZHS-12; PS-7; OS-13, the color coordinates of which were located inside the color triangle. The results of calibration of the colorimeter and test measurements of the chromaticity coordinates of the samples on the color triangle were shown. In research, the developed colorimetric sensor measurement of the color parameters of transparent objects with a range of readings that characterizes a random error of no more than 0,3 % was provided.
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Givens, Geof H., Megan C. Ferguson, Janet T. Clarke, Amy Willoughby, Amelia Brower e Robert Suydam. "Abundance of the Eastern Chukchi Sea Stock of Beluga Whales, 2012 – 17". ARCTIC 73, n. 4 (27 dicembre 2020): 485–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.14430/arctic71592.
Abstract (sommario):
Aerial line transect surveys were conducted during 19 July – 20 August in each of the years 2012 – 17, with onshore – offshore transects covering a study area of approximately 110 000 km2, from 140˚ W to 157˚ W longitude and from shore to 72˚ N latitude. These data were used to estimate abundance of the eastern Chukchi Sea (ECS) stock of beluga whales. The data were stratified based on bathymetry to reflect strong large-scale gradients in beluga density. A half-normal key function was used to model detection from a dataset of 999 sightings of 2465 belugas. The detection function was found to depend significantly on sky condition and ice coverage. For the years 2012 through 2017, respectively, the estimated numbers of ECS belugas in the study area during the study period were 7355 (CV = 0.17), 6813 (CV = 0.18), 16 598 (CV = 0.21), 6456 (CV = 0.21), 6965 (CV = 0.23) and 13 305 (CV = 0.27). There is no statistically significant trend. These estimates do not correct for belugas outside the study region. Indeed, diverse data indicate that belugas venture far outside the study region and their distribution varies interannually due to prey availability and other factors. Recently reviewed tagging data suggest that correcting for whales outside the study area would approximately double our abundance estimates. These results provide no indication that the stock has substantially declined during these six years due to the impact of subsistence hunting, industrial activity or climate change, although interannual variation and estimated CVs are both large, thereby potentially masking small-scale impacts.
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Гмиро, Валерий Евгеньевич, С. Е. Сердюк e О. С. Веселкина. "Синтез и фармакологические свойства адамантан-содержащих соединений бис-катионной структуры". Химико-фармацевтический журнал 52, n. 10 (2 dicembre 2018): 13–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.30906/0023-1134-2018-52-10-13-17.
Abstract (sommario):
Бис-катионное соединение 1-амино-4-(1-адамантанамино)бутан дигидрохлорид (ИЭМ-1913) обладает существенными преимуществами перед используемым в клинике монокатионным соединением 3,5-диметил-1-аминоадамантаном (мемантином), так как значительно превосходит мемантин по противосудорожной активности и имеет терапевтический индекс в 814 раз выше, чем у мемантина. Соединения 1-амино-4-(3,5-диметил-1-адамантанамино)бутан дигидрохлорид (ИЭМ-2127) и 1-амино-6-(3,5-диметил-1-адамантанамино)гексан дигидрохлорид (ИЭМ-2121) имеют равную с мемантином противосудорожную активность, но их терапевтический индекс, соответственно, в 94.9 и 88,6 раза выше, чем у мемантина. В отличие от мемантина, эффективного только в одной максимальной дозе 15 – 20 мг/кг, ИЭМ-1913 вызывает достоверные противосудорожные эффекты в диапазоне доз 0,03 – 0,3 мг/кг, а ИЭМ-2127 и ИЭМ-2121 — в диапазоне доз 0,1 – 1,0 мг/кг. Высокая противосудорожная активность и низкая токсичность соединений ИЭМ-1913, ИЭМ-2121 и ИЭМ-2127 объясняются тем, что, в отличие от монокатионного селективного НМДА-блокатора мемантина, указанные бис-катионные соединения вызывают комбинированный блок НМДА и АМПА рецепторов мозга.
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Bowers, P. N., G. N. Bowers e R. B. McComb. "Comparisons of 17 lots of 2-oxoglutarate, and specifications for use of this substrate in reference methods." Clinical Chemistry 31, n. 6 (1 giugno 1985): 812–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/clinchem/31.6.812.
Abstract (sommario):
Abstract We examined 17 lots of 2-oxoglutarate (seven acid forms, three K salt forms, and seven Na salt forms), obtained from eight commercial suppliers, for suitability for measuring aspartate aminotransferase (EC 2.6.1.1) and alanine aminotransferase (EC 2.6.1.2) in human serum. Measurements of the catalytic activity concentrations of these two aminotransferases with each of these 17 preparations were not sufficiently sensitive to distinguish good from poor-quality material. Thus, we ranked these lots for purity, by specific analysis with glutamate dehydrogenase and by liquid chromatography, and determined the water content, acid content, and spectral characteristics of each. On the basis of a 2-oxoglutarate assay value by glutamate dehydrogenase of 98% or greater, we considered seven of the preparations acceptable and 10 unacceptable. The molar absorptivities (L X mol-1 X cm-1, mean +/- SD) of the seven acceptable lots in 1 mol/L HCl were: epsilon 325 nm = 9.12 +/- 0.02 (CV = 0.2%), epsilon 279 nm = 2.63 +/- 0.23 (CV = 9.9%), and epsilon 245 nm = 37.9 +/- 4.1 (CV = 10.9%). Use of these spectrophotometric limits alone unambiguously distinguished the inferior lots of 2-oxoglutarate. We urge the inclusion of detailed spectrophotometric specifications for 2-oxoglutarate in Reference Methods for aminotransferase measurements.
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Bose, Muthiah, Jan Benada, Jayashree Vijay Thatte, Savvas Kinalis, Bent Ejlertsen, Finn Cilius Nielsen, Claus Storgaard Sørensen e Maria Rossing. "A catalog of curated breast cancer genes". Breast Cancer Research and Treatment 191, n. 2 (10 novembre 2021): 431–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10549-021-06441-y.
Abstract (sommario):
Abstract Purpose Decades of research have identified multiple genetic variants associated with breast cancer etiology. However, there is no database that archives breast cancer genes and variants responsible for predisposition. We set out to build a dynamic repository of curated breast cancer genes. Methods A comprehensive literature search was performed in PubMed and Google Scholar, followed by data extraction and harmonization for downstream analysis. Results Using a subset of 345 studies, we cataloged 652 breast cancer-associated loci across the genome. A majority of these were present in the non-coding region (i.e., intergenic (101) and intronic (345)), whereas only 158 were located within an exon. Using the odds ratio, we identified 429 loci to increase the disease risk and 198 to confer protection against breast cancer, whereas 25 were identified to both increase disease risk and confer protection against breast cancer. Chromosomal ideogram analysis indicated that chromosomes 17 and 19 have the highest density of breast cancer loci. We manually annotated and collated breast cancer genes in which a previous association between rare-monogenic variant and breast cancer has been documented. Finally, network and functional enrichment analysis revealed that steroid metabolism and DNA repair pathways were predominant among breast cancer genes and variants. Conclusions We have built an online interactive catalog of curated breast cancer genes (https://cbcg.dk). This will expedite clinical diagnostics and support the ongoing efforts in managing breast cancer etiology. Moreover, the database will serve as an essential repository when designing new breast cancer multigene panels.
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Smolyakov, A. V. "Efficiency in Cement and Cement Concrete of Dispersed Granitic Rock". Science & Technique 17, n. 4 (31 luglio 2018): 297–305. http://dx.doi.org/10.21122/2227-1031-2018-17-4-297-305.
Abstract (sommario):
The paper presents results of investigations on the dispersion (grinding) process in a ball mill and it also shows an effect of dispersed granitic rock (granite screenings of RUPP “Granit”, Brest region) used as a mineral additive on cement properties, hardening kinetics and cement stone strength, morphology of cement hydration products in the presence of the granitic rock. Complex studies including data of X-ray phase and derivatographic analyses have revealed that granitic rock material does not change morphology of new formations these are reaction products obtained due to reaction of binder clinker portion with water. They are identical to those that are formed due to reactions of a no-dosage (clean-bite) binder with it. At the same time it has been established that when 10–20 % of granite screening grinded up to Sud ~ 3000 cm2/g (0.3 m2/g) have been added to cement strength of cement stone is increased by 20–25 %, and the amount of chemically bound water in clinker component of the binder is increased by 10–15 %. The paper has substantiated a hypothesis of the “crystallization centers” effect which is revealed by fractions of grinded screening £0.3 μm (£3000 Å). The fractions constitute an amount of ~15 % of the screening mass. This hypothesis has been proved by the above-mentioned data on the increase in cement stone strength and amount of chemically bound water in their presence when samples are hardened in normal-humid conditions, in water and after steaming. There is also an obvious increase in strength of cement stone on a binder with this additive (in 2–2.5 times in 1–3 days of hardening) under conditions of “inhibition” in cement hydration reactions due to introduction of a chemical additive that is lignosulphonate technical additive in the cement paste with enhanced dosage (0.3 % of the cement mass).
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Leask, M. J. M., e G. C. Sills. "Comment on `An important question about rock climbing' by G Reali and L Stefanini 1996 Eur. J. Phys. 17 348 - 52". European Journal of Physics 18, n. 3 (1 maggio 1997): 247. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0143-0807/18/3/021.
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Селиванов, Б. А., Алексей Яковлевич Тихонов, Е. Ф. Беланов, Н. И. Бормотов, А. С. Кабанов, О. Ю. Мазурков, О. А. Серова, Л. Н. Шишкина, А. П. Агафонов e А. Н. Сергеев. "Синтез и противовирусная активность 1-арил-3-{3,5-диоксо-4-азатетрацикло-[5.3.2.02,6.08,10]додец-11-ен-4-ил}мочевин". Химико-фармацевтический журнал 51, n. 6 (28 giugno 2017): 13–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.30906/0023-1134-2017-51-6-13-17.
Abstract (sommario):
Синтезированы новые производные 1-арил-3-{3,5-диоксо-4-азатетрацикло[5.3.2.02,6.08,10]-додец-11-ен-4-ил}мочевины и изучена их противовирусная активность в отношении вируса осповакцины. Выраженную активность показали 3-{3,5-диоксо-4-азатетрацикло- [5.3.2.02,6.08,10]додец-11-ен-4-ил}-1-(4-метилфенил)мочевина, гидрат 3-{3,5-диоксо-4-азатетрацикло-[5.3.2.02,6.08,10]додец-11-ен-4-ил}-1-(3-фторфенил)мочевины и 3-{3,5-диоксо-4-азатетрацикло[5.3.2.02,6.08,10]додец-11-ен-4-ил}-1-(фенил)тиомочевина.
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Fan, Yanzhen, Anthony Janicek e Hong Liu. "Stable and high voltage and power output of CEA-MFCs internally connected in series (iCiS-MFC)". European Chemistry and Biotechnology Journal, n. 1 (2 gennaio 2024): 47–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.62063/ecb-17.
Abstract (sommario):
The voltage output of a single MFC is normally less than 0.8 V, often less than 0.3 V at maximum power output, which greatly limits the application of MFCs. When MFCs are scaled up, however, increasing reactor size has typically resulted in decreased power density. In this study, we developed a novel MFC configuration that contains multiple cloth electrode assemblies in which the MFCs were internally connected in series (iCiS-MFC). The iCiS-MFC, equivalent to 3 CEA-MFCs, produced a high voltage output over 1.8 V and a maximum power density of 3.5 W m-2 using carbon cloth cathodes containing activated carbon as the catalyst. This power density is 6% higher than that reported for a similar smaller CEA-MFC, indicating that power can be maintained during scale-up with a greater than 33-fold increase in total cathode surface area and greater than 20-fold increase in reactor volume. High stability was also demonstrated based on the performance of the iCiS-MFC over a period of one year of operation. The high power and stability is likely due, in part, to a more efficient means of current collection through the internal series connection, which also avoids the use of expensive current collectors. These results clearly demonstrate the great potential of this MFC design for further scaling-up.
23
Petrov, S. M. "Hydrothermal Conversion of Organic Matter of Carbonate Rock near the Critical Water Point". Chemistry and Technology of Fuels and Oils 628, n. 6 (2021): 25–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.32935/0023-1169-2021-628-6-25-29.
Abstract (sommario):
The paper presents the results of comparative studies to identify the regularities of the transformation of organic matter in a siliceous-clayey carbonate rock in a hydrothermal fluid at temperatures of 340-380°C and pressures of 17-20 MPa. It was found that in a hydrothermal fluid with an excess of water with increasing temperature and pressure in a carbonate rock containing organic matter, oxidation reactions dominate with the accumulation of aromatic hydrocarbons, resins, and asphaltenes. The dependences of the values of the geochemical parameters of hydrocarbons (extracts) of carbonate rock on the temperature and pressure of the hydrothermal fluid are shown. The optimal thermobaric parameters of a hydrothermal fluid for a carbonate rock are 340°C and 17 MPa; under these conditions, the amount of petroleum hydrocarbons increases against the background of a decrease in the content of organic matter, the pore diameter increases, and micropores are formed. The obtained experimental data contribute to the development of technologies for the development of carbonate rocks.
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Nascimento Junior, José Roberto Andrade do, Gabriel Lucas Morais Freire, Ricardo T. Quinaud, Daniel Vicentini de Oliveira e Lorcan Donal Cronin. "Life Skills Development Through Sport in Brazil: A Study Based on Self-Determination Theory". Perceptual and Motor Skills 128, n. 3 (11 marzo 2021): 1017–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00315125211000860.
Abstract (sommario):
This study investigated whether a large sample of youth participants’ life skills development through sport was impacted by demographic variables and/or variables based on self-determination theory. Participants were 461 Brazilian youth sport (325 boys; 136 girls) aged 10–17 years ( Mage = 15.12, SD = 1.44). Participants completed a self-report research survey to assess demographic variables, coach autonomy support, basic need satisfaction, and sport motivation. We analyzed data using cluster analysis, a chi-square test and multivariate analysis of variance. We found that sport participants in the high life skills development cluster were older ( p = .007) and had more years of sport experience ( p = .032). Compared to the low life skills development cluster, sports participants in the high life skills development cluster displayed higher scores for coach’s autonomy support ( p = .001), autonomy satisfaction ( p = .002), competence satisfaction ( p = .001), relatedness satisfaction ( p = .001), and identified regulation ( p = .023). In practice, these findings indicate that coaches should seek to satisfy participants’ three basic psychological needs and encourage an identified regulation form of motivation when trying to promote participants’ life skills development through sport.
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Dobbie, Laurence J., Daniel J. Cuthbertson, Theresa J. Hydes, Uazman Alam e Sizheng Steven Zhao. "Mendelian randomisation reveals Sodium-glucose Cotransporter-1 inhibition's potential in reducing Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease risk". European Journal of Endocrinology 188, n. 6 (giugno 2023): K33—K37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ejendo/lvad068.
Abstract (sommario):
Abstract Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has no approved pharmacological treatments. Sodium-glucose cotransporter (SGLT)-1 is a glucose transporter that mediates small intestinal glucose absorption. We evaluated the impact of genetically proxied SGLT-1 inhibition (SGLT-1i) on serum liver transaminases and NAFLD risk. We used a missense variant, rs17683430, in the SLC5A1 gene (encoding SGLT1) associated with HbA1c in a genome-wide association study (n = 344 182) to proxy SGLT-1i. Outcome genetic data comprised 1483 NAFLD cases and 17 781 controls. Genetically proxied SGLT-1i was associated with reduced NAFLD risk (OR 0.36; 95%CI 0.15, 0.87; P = .023) per 1 mmol/mol HbA1c reduction, and with reductions in liver enzymes (alanine transaminase, aspartate transaminase, gamma-glutamyl transferase). Genetically proxied HbA1c, not specifically via SGLT-1i, was not associated with NAFLD risk. Colocalisation did not demonstrate genetic confounding. Overall, genetically proxied SGLT-1i is associated with improved liver health, this may be underpinned by SGLT-1-specific mechanisms. Clinical trials should evaluate the impact of SGLT-1/2 inhibitors on the prevention and treatment of NAFLD.
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Haider, Ahmad. "Prostate cancer incidence in 340 hypogonadal men treated with testosterone undecanoate injections (TU) for up to 7 years: Observational data from a registry study." Journal of Clinical Oncology 33, n. 7_suppl (1 marzo 2015): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2015.33.7_suppl.17.
Abstract (sommario):
17 Background: Concerns regarding the safety of testosterone treatment, particularly regarding prostate cancer (PCa) in middle-aged and elderly men, still hamper the use of testosterone in hypogonadal men. In this study, we investigated prostate parameters incl. incidence of PCa in hypogonadal patients on long-term treatment with TU. Methods: In a prospective, cumulative registry study, 340 men (age: 57.37 ± 7.03 years) with testosterone ≤12.1 nmol/L received TU 1,000 mg every 12 weeks following an initial interval of 6 weeks for up to 7 years. Prostate volume (PV) and PSA were measured and digital rectal examination (DRE)/ transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) performed before treatment initiation and then regularly every 3-6 months. In case of suspected PCa, biopsies were performed. Results: PV increased from 28.96 ± 10.41 to 29.88 ± 13.85 ml by model-adjusted 2.59 ± 0.2 ml (p<0.0001). This increase was statistically significant compared to the previous year for the first four years. PSA increased from 1.74 ± 0.94 to 1.96 ± 1.03 ng/ml by model-adjusted 0.23 ± 0.52 ng/ml (p<0.0001). 53 biopsies were performed in testosterone-treated patients. Of these, 5 (9.4%) were positive and 48 (90.6%) negative. The proportion of PCa in testosterone-treated patients in our registry study was 1.5% with an incidence of 30.7 per 10,000 patient years. In hypogonadal patients without testosterone treatment, 314 biopsies were performed. Of these, 111 (35.4%) were positive and 203 (64.6%) negative. In eugonadal patients, 584 biopsies were performed. Of these, 263 (40.4%) were positive and 321 (55%) negative. In total, 951 prostate biopsies were performed in our practice from 2004 through 2013, of which 379 (39.9%) were positive and 572 (60.1%) negative. Conclusions: Long-term treatment with TU in hypogonadal men undergoing regular monitoring according to EAU guidelines does not increase the incidence of PCa.
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Kim, Byung-Yong, Hang-Yeon Weon, Kang-Hyo Lee, Soon-Ja Seok, Soon-Wo Kwon, Seung-Joo Go e Erko Stackebrandt. "Dyella yeojuensis sp. nov., isolated from greenhouse soil in Korea". International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 56, n. 9 (1 settembre 2006): 2079–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/ijs.0.64175-0.
Abstract (sommario):
A novel strain, R2A16-10T, was isolated from greenhouse soil in Yeoju, Korea. The taxonomy of strain R2A16-10T was studied by using polyphasic methods. On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence analyses, strain R2A16-10T was found to be phylogenetically related to type strains of Dyella species (96.7–96.9 %), Frateuria aurantia DSM 6220T (96.5 %), Fulvimonas soli LMG 19981T (96.3 %) and Rhodanobacter species (94.9–95.7 %). Strain R2A16-10T, which produced yellow-coloured colonies, was Gram-negative, rod-shaped (0.3–0.4×1.5–3.5 μm) and motile. The predominant fatty acids were 17 : 1 iso ω9c (25.5 %), 15 : 0 iso (18.7 %) and 17 : 0 iso (14.6 %), and the major hydroxy fatty acids were 11 : 0 iso 3-OH (5.0 %), 13 : 0 iso 3-OH (3.4 %) and 17 : 0 iso 3-OH (1.0 %). The major isoprenoid quinone was Q-8. The G+C content of the DNA of the type strain was 63.0 mol%. On the basis of the data from this study, strain R2A16-10T represents a novel species of the genus Dyella, for which the name Dyella yeojuensis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is R2A16-10T (=KACC 11405T=DSM 17673T).
28
Souza, Kristopher Mendes de, Ricardo Dantas de Lucas, Paulo Cesar do Nascimento Salvador, Lucas Crescenti Abdalla Saad Helal, Luiz Guilherme Antonacci Guglielmo, Camila Coelho Greco e Benedito Sérgio Denadai. "Agreement analysis between critical power and intensity corresponding to 50% in cycling exercise". Brazilian Journal of Kinanthropometry and Human Performance 18, n. 2 (23 maggio 2016): 197. http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/1980-0037.2016v18n2p197.
Abstract (sommario):
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/1980-0037.2016v18n2p197 The purpose of this study was to determine the level of agreement between critical power (CP) and intensity corresponding to 50% of the difference (50% Δ) between oxygen uptake (VO2) at lactate threshold (LT) and maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) in untrained subjects during cycling exercise. Fifteen healthy male subjects (age: 26.0 ± 3.5 years; body weight: 76.6 ± 10.4 kg; height: 178.2 ± 7.6 cm) volunteered to participate in the study. Each subject performed a series of tests to determine LT, VO2LT, CP, VO2CP, 50% Δ, VO250% Δ, and VO2max. The values of LT, VO2LT, CP, VO2CP, 50% Δ, VO250% Δ and VO2max were 109 ± 15 W, 1.84 ± 0.23 L.min-1, 207 ± 17 W, 2.78 ± 0.27 L.min-1, 206 ± 19 W, 2.77 ± 0.29 L.min-1, and 3.71 ± 0.49 L.min-1, respectively. No significant difference was found between CP and 50% Δ (t = 0.16; p = 0.87) or between VO2CP and VO250% Δ (t = 0.12; p = 0.90). However, the bias ± 95% limits of agreement for comparison between CP and 50% Δ and between VO2CP and VO250% Δ were 1 ± 27 W (0.3 ± 14.1%) and 0.01 ± 0.24 L.min-1 (0.2 ± 8.9%), respectively. In summary, the mean CP and 50% Δ values were not significantly different. However, considering the limits of agreement between the two intensities, CP estimated based on 50% Δ might result in a remarkable error when the absolute variability of individual differences is taken into account
29
Venditti, Adriano, Francesco Buccisano, Giovanni Del Poeta, Luca Maurillo, Anna Tamburini, Christina Cox, Alessandra Battaglia et al. "Level of minimal residual disease after consolidation therapy predicts outcome in acute myeloid leukemia". Blood 96, n. 12 (1 dicembre 2000): 3948–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v96.12.3948.h8003948_3948_3952.
Abstract (sommario):
We used flow cytometry to quantify minimal residual disease (MRD) in 56 patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) expressing a leukemia-associated phenotype. Thirty-four patients aged 18 to 60 years were entered into the AML-10 protocol (induction, consolidation, and autologous stem-cell transplantation [ASCT]), whereas 22 patients older than 60 years received the AML-13 protocol (induction, consolidation, and consolidation II). After induction, the level of MRD that was best associated with treatment outcome was 4.5 × 10−4 residual leukemic cells. However, the outcome in patients with at least 4.5 × 10−4 cells (n = 26) was not significantly different from that in patients with fewer leukemic cells (n = 30); there were 15 (58%) relapses in the first group and 12 (40%) relapses in the second. After consolidation, the most predictive MRD cutoff value was 3.5 × 10−4cells: 22 patients had an MRD level of 3.5 × 10−4 cells or higher and 17 (77%) of these patients had relapse, compared with 5 of 29 patients (17%) with lower MRD levels (P < .001). An MRD level of 3.5 × 10−4 cells or higher after consolidation was significantly correlated with poor or intermediate-risk cytogenetic findings, a multidrug resistance 1 (MDR1) phenotype, short duration of overall survival, and short duration of relapse-free survival (P = .014, .031, .00022, and .00014, respectively). In multivariate analysis, this MRD status was significantly associated with a high frequency of relapse (P < .001) and a short duration of overall (P = .025) and relapse-free survival (P = .007). ASCT did not alter the prognostic effect of high MRD levels after consolidation: the relapse rate after transplantation was 70%. Thus, we found that an MRD level of 3.5 × 10−4 cells or higher at the end of consolidation strongly predicts relapse and is significantly associated with an MDR1 phenotype and intermediate or unfavorable cytogenetic findings.
30
Botha, J. Mattheus, e Andreas Roodt. "Kinetic and High-Pressure Mechanistic Investigation of the Aqua Substitution in the Trans-Aquaoxotetracyano Complexes of Re(V) and Tc(V): Some Implications for Nuclear Medicine". Metal-Based Drugs 2008 (17 aprile 2008): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2008/745989.
Abstract (sommario):
A kinetic study of the aqua substitution in the [TcO(OH2)(CN)4]− complex by different thiourea ligands (TU = thiourea, NMTU = N-methyl thiourea, NNDMTU = N, N′-dimethylthiourea) yielded second-order formation rate constants (25∘C) as follows [NNDMTU, NMTU, TU, respectively]: kf = 11.5 ± 0.1, 11.38 ± 0.04, and 7.4 ± 0.1 M−1s−1, with activation parameters: ΔHkf#:55±2, 42±3, 35±5 kJ mol−1; ΔSkf#:−40±8, −84±11, −110±17 J K−1mol−1. A subsequent high-pressure investigation of the aqua substitution in the [ReO(OH2)(CN)4]− and [TcO(OH2)(CN4)]− complexes by selected entering ligands yielded ΔVkf# values as follows: Re(V): −1.7±0.3(NCS−), −22.1±0.9 (TU) and for Tc(V): −3.5±0.3(NCS−), −14±1 (NNDMTU), and−6.0±0.5 (TU) cm3mol−1, respectively. These results point to an interchange associative mechanism for the negative NCS− as entering group but even a pure associative mechanism for the neutral thiourea ligands.
31
Wan, Ling-De, Gong-Ru Lu, Bing-Lin Young e Dong-Sheng Du. "Unified Model of Metacolor Interaction". Communications in Theoretical Physics 17, n. 3 (aprile 1992): 343–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0253-6102/17/3/343.
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Сигаева, К. Ф., П. А. Климов, А. А. Белов e С. А. Шаракин. "FREQUENCY ANALYSIS OF THE TEMPORAL STRUCTURES OF ATMOSPHERIC LUMINESCENCE ON 02/22/2022 ACCORDING TO THE IMAGING PHOTOMETER AT THE VERKHNETULOMSKAYA OBSERVATORY". PHYSICS OF AURORAL PHENOMENA 46, n. 1 (2023): 149–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.51981/2588-0039.2023.46.032.
Abstract (sommario):
В сентябре 2021 года в обсерватории «Верхнетуломская» Полярного геофизического института был установлен оптический комплекс, включающий высокочувствительный изображающий фотометр. Детектирующая часть выполнена на основе многоанодных фотоэлектронных умножителей, что позволяет регистрировать свечение атмосферы в ближнем УФ-диапазоне (240–400 нм) с высокой чувствительностью и высоким временным разрешением (от 2.5 мкс). В работе представлены результаты частотного анализа пульсаций УФ-свечения, зарегистрированного 22 февраля 2022 года. Рассмотрены более 4 часов измерений, в течение которых наблюдаются различные пространственно-временные паттерны с квазипериодическими пульсациями. С 17:00 до 18:00 часов происходят вариации интенсивности на частотах около 1–2 Гц по всему полю зрения, с 19:00 до 21:00 часов появляется более высокочастотная компонента: 3.5–4 Гц, сочетающаяся с низкочастотными (0.3 Гц) прямоугольными импульсами.
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Санковец, Д. Н., e Т. В. Гнедько. "Regional Oxygenation in Neonates with Anemia". Педиатрия. Восточная Европа, n. 2 (24 luglio 2020): 184–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.34883/pi.2020.8.2.004.
Abstract (sommario):
Цель. Оценка показателей региональной оксигенации у новорожденных с анемическим синдромом и после его коррекции.Материалы и методы. В исследование было включено 76 новорожденных детей. В зависимости от факта наличия или отсутствия анемического синдрома, требовавшего проведения его коррекции, все исследуемые новорожденные были разделены на 2 группы: с анемическим синдромом – 8 пациентов и без него – 68 пациентов. Мультирегиональный мониторинг тканевой оксигенации проводился с использованием церебрального/соматического оксиметра«INVOS 5100C» (Covidien, Medtronic, США).Результаты и обсуждение. По сравнению с новорожденными с анемическим синдромом, для младенцев группы сравнения были характерны более высокие минимальные значения церебральной оксигенации (73 [66; 80] против 56 [39; 70], p=0,0447) и более низкие значенияcFTOE (0,17 [0,11; 0,23] против 0,35 [0,30; 0,48], p=0,0021). Также было установлено, что новорожденный ребенок, имеющий на фоне дыхательных нарушений значения cFTOE >0,22, в 3,5 раза вероятнее имеет проявления анемического синдрома, требующего переливания препаратов донорских эритроцитов.Коррекция анемического синдрома сопровождалась увеличением уровня гемоглобина на 51 [36; 56] г/л и гематокрита на 16 [15; 17] %. При этом только показатели crSO2 и cFTOE продемонстрировали различия до и после гемотрансфузии: crSO2 до коррекции анемии – 60 [55; 69] и после – 65 [61; 71], 0,0156; cFTOE до коррекции анемии – 0,40 [0,30; 0,45] и после 0,34 [0,27;0,38], p=0,0078.Заключение. Мониторинг региональной оксигенации у новорожденных детей может использоваться как для ранней диагностики кислородного дисбаланса в тканях на фоне развивающейся анемии, так и для оценки эффективности ее коррекции. Purpose. Assessment of regional oxygenation in neonates with anemic syndrome and after its correction.Materials and methods. The study included 76 neonates. Depending on the fact of the presence or absence of anemia, which required its correction, all included in the study infants were divided into 2 groups: with anemia – 8 patients and without it – 68 patients. Multiregional monitoring of tissueoxygenation was performed with the help of INVOS 5100C cerebral/somatic oximeter (Covidien, Medtronic, USA).Results and discussion. In comparison with infants with anemia, the comparison group had higher level of minimal cerebral oxygenation (73 [66; 80] versus 56 [39; 70], p=0.0447), and lower cFTOEvalues (0.17 [0.11; 0.23] versus 0.35 [0,30; 0,48], p=0,0021). It was also found that a newborn with RDS and cFTOE> 0.22 is 3.5 times more likely to have anemia, which requires PRBC transfusion.Correction of anemia was accompanied by the increase of hemoglobin level by 51 [36; 56] g/l and hematocrit – by 16 [15; 17] %. Moreover, only crSO2 and cFTOE showed the differences before and after transfusion: crSO2 before – 60 [55; 69] and after – 65 [61; 71], p=0.0156; cFTOE before –0.40 [0.30; 0.45] and after 0.34 [0.27; 0.38], p=0.0078.Conclusion. Monitoring of regional oxygenation in neonates can be used for early diagnosis of oxygen imbalance in tissues on the background of development of anemia, and assessment of the effectiveness of its correction as well.
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Алимбаева, Г. Н., e Т. Ю. Нурбаева. "Premenstrual Syndrome Clinical Manifestations Peculiarities in Adolescents". Репродуктивное здоровье. Восточная Европа, n. 3 (18 agosto 2022): 325–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.34883/pi.2022.12.3.004.
Abstract (sommario):
Распространенность и особенности течения ПМС в подростковом возрасте изучены недостаточно. Методы терапии синдрома у подростков остаются дискутабельными. Цель исследования. Изучение клинических проявлений ПМС у девушек-подростков и оценка эффективности фитопрепарата Префемин (Agnus castus 20 мг) в купировании симптомов.Материалы и методы. Проспективное исследование симптомов ПМС у 31 девушки в возрасте 17–19 лет (18,2±0,8 года) до и на фоне 3-месячной терапии препаратом Префемин (Agnus castus 20 мг). Возраст менархе – 14,1±0,3 года, гинекологический возраст – 4,1±1,3 года. ИМТ 23,2±2,5 кг/м2. Инструментом исследования послужил Менструальный дистресс-опросник (MDQ, 1969), который включает 47 симптомов ПМС, разделенных на 6 групп. Значимыми определены симптомы силой 2–3 балла, влияющие на качество жизни. Наличие симптома и его выраженность оценивались участницами самостоятельно после инструктажа. Предварительная оценка симптомов проведена ретроспективно.Результаты. Исходно на каждую девушку приходилось 13,1 симптома ПМС, при этом психоэмоциональные симптомы – 5,1, неврологические – 2,7, водно-электролитные – 2,0, гастроинтестинальные – 2,7, кожные – 1,7 и костно-мышечные – 3,5. Две девушки указали 26 и 21 симптом. Психоэмоциональные симптомы были у 100% и эффективно купировались препаратом Префемин (71%), аналогичный эффект в группе водно-электролитных симптомов (71%). Группа костно-мышечных симптомов оказалась исходно второй по частоте (у 77,4%), но с меньшим эффектом терапии (у 58,1%), в группе кожных проявлений, которые отметили 17 девушек (54,8%), на положительный эффект терапии указали 8 девушек или 1/2 от исходного. Проблемы сохранялись в отношении акне.Заключение. Препарат Agnus castus в дозе 20 мг в день в течение 3 месяцев является эффективным в купировании большинства симптомов ПМС у подростков 18–19 лет и является значимой альтернативой препаратам СИОЗС. Отсутствие эффекта в течение 3 месяцев терапии ПМС является основанием дополнительного обследования и уточнения диагноза. The prevalence and peculiarities of premenstrual syndrome in adolescence have not been studied enough. Methods of therapy for the syndrome in adolescents remain debatable. The purpose of the study. Investigation of the PMS clinical manifestations in adolescent girls and evaluation the effectiveness Prefemin (Agnus castus 20 mg) in relieving symptoms.Materials and methods. A prospective study of PMS symptoms in 31 girls aged 17–19 yo (18.2±0.8 years) before and during 3-month therapy with Prefemin (Agnus castus 20 mg). Menarche was 14.1±0.3 yo, gynecological age 4.1±1.3 years. BMI was 23.2±2.5 kg/m2. The research instrument was the Menstrual Distress Questionnaire (MDQ, 1969), which includes 47 PMS symptoms divided into 6 groups. Significant symptoms were determined with strength of 2–3 points, affecting the quality of life. The presence of the symptom and its severity were assessed by the participants themselves after the briefing. Preliminary assessment of symptoms was carried out retrospectively.Results. Initially, there were 13.1 symptoms of PMS for each girl, while psycho-emotional symptoms were 5.1; neurological – 2.7; water-electrolyte – 2.0; gastrointestinal – 2.7; skin1.7 and musculoskeletal 3.5. Two girls indicated 26 and 21 symptoms. Psychoemotional symptoms were in 100% and were effectively stopped by Prefemin (71%), a similar effect in the group of water and electrolyte symptoms (71%). The group of musculoskeletal symptoms was initially the second in frequency (in 77.4%), but with a lesser effect of therapy (in 58.1%), the group of skin manifestations, which were noted by 17 girls (54.8%), on the positive effect of therapy indicated 8 girls or 1/2 of the original. Problems persisted regarding acne.Conclusion. Agnus castus at a dose of 20 mg per day for 3 months is effective in relieving most of the symptoms of PMS in adolescents aged 18–19 years and is a significant alternative to SSRIs. The lack of effect within 3 months of PMS therapy is the basis for an additional examination and clarification of the diagnosis.
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Moran, L. J., P. A. Mundra, H. J. Teede e P. J. Meikle. "The association of the lipidomic profile with features of polycystic ovary syndrome". Journal of Molecular Endocrinology 59, n. 1 (luglio 2017): 93–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/jme-17-0023.
Abstract (sommario):
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) affects up to 18% of reproductive-aged women with reproductive and metabolic complications. While lipidomics can identify associations between lipid species and metabolic diseases, no research has examined the association of lipid species with the pathophysiological features of PCOS. The aim of this study was to examine the lipidomic profile in women with and without PCOS. This study was a cross-sectional study in 156 age-matched pre-menopausal women (18–45 years, BMI >20 kg/m2; n = 92 with PCOS, n = 64 without PCOS). Outcomes included the association between the plasma lipidomic profile (325 lipid species (24 classes) using liquid chromatography mass spectrometry) and PCOS, adiposity, homeostasis assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA), sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) and free androgen index (FAI). There were no associations of the lipidomic profile with PCOS or testosterone. HOMA was positively associated with 2 classes (dihydroceramide and triacylglycerol), SHBG was inversely associated with 2 classes (diacylglycerol and triacylglycerol), FAI was positively associated with 8 classes (ceramide, phosphatidylcholine, lysophosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, lysophosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylinositol, diacylglycerol and triacylglycerol) and waist circumference was associated with 8 classes (4 positively (dihydroceramide, phosphatidylglycerol, diacylglycerol and triacylglycerol) and 4 inversely (trihexosylceramide, GM3 ganglioside, alkenylphosphatidylcholine and alkylphosphatidylethanolamine)). The lipidomic profile was primarily related to central adiposity and FAI in women with or without PCOS. This supports prior findings that adiposity is a key driver of dyslipidaemia in PCOS and highlights the need for weight management through lifestyle interventions.
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Mooradian, A. D., L. Deebaj e N. C. W. Wong. "Age-related alterations in the response of hepatic lipogenic enzymes to altered thyroid states in the rat". Journal of Endocrinology 128, n. 1 (gennaio 1991): 79–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1677/joe.0.1280079.
Abstract (sommario):
ABSTRACT To determine the age-related alterations in tissue-responsiveness to thyroid hormone action, the mRNA levels and the enzyme activities of hepatic cytosolic malate dehydrogenase (ME) and mitochondrial α-glycerophosphate dehydrogenase (α-GPD) were determined in groups of euthyroid, hypothyroid and hyperthyroid male Fischer 344 rats at various ages. The basal α-GPD level (change in optical density/min per mg) in 2-month-old rats (0·163 ±0·003) (s.e.m.) was significantly (P < 0·001) higher than that in 6-month-old and 26-month-old rats (0·116±0·012 and 0·098±0·013 respectively). The basal ME activity (mU/mg) was significantly (P < 0·001) reduced in aged rats (9·2±0·89) compared with younger rats (54·2±3·4 and 17·1±2·3 for 2-month-old and 6-month-old rats respectively). The response of ME to tri-iodothyronine (T3) in aged rats compared with young rats was reduced approximately 50%. This age-related reduction in ME response to T3 could not be attributed to reduced food intake with ageing. Northern blot analysis showed that ME mRNA levels in hyperthyroid aged rats were 50% of those of young hyperthyroid rats. There were no significant differences in either basal or T3-stimulated α-GPD mRNA levels. The proportional reduction in steady-state ME mRNA levels and ME activity in aged rats indicates that this age-related change is modulated at a pretranslational level. Journal of Endocrinology (1991) 128, 79–84
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Petros, William P., Penelope J. Hopkins, Susan Spruill, Gloria Broadwater, James J. Vredenburgh, O. Michael Colvin, William P. Peters, Roy B. Jones, Jeff Hall e Jeffrey R. Marks. "Associations Between Drug Metabolism Genotype, Chemotherapy Pharmacokinetics, and Overall Survival in Patients With Breast Cancer". Journal of Clinical Oncology 23, n. 25 (1 settembre 2005): 6117–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2005.06.075.
Abstract (sommario):
Purpose To evaluate associations between patient survival, pharmacokinetics, and drug metabolism–related genetic polymorphisms in patients receiving a combination chemotherapy regimen for breast cancer. Patients and Methods A genotype association study was conducted on 85 chemotherapy-naïve patients with metastatic or inflammatory breast cancer that were evaluated for an extended period after receiving standard-dose chemotherapy followed by high-dose cyclophosphamide, cisplatin, and carmustine. Blood pharmacokinetics were evaluated, and DNA was genotyped for 29 polymorphisms in 17 drug metabolism genes. Results Patients with cyclophosphamide plasma exposures above the median (implying slower metabolic activation) had a shorter survival than those below the median (1.8 v 3.8 years, respectively; P = .042). Patients having a variant genotype of cytochrome P450 3A4 displayed higher blood concentrations of parent (inactive) cyclophosphamide with the second and third doses (P = .024 and .028, respectively) in addition to slower cyclophosphamide activation over the three doses (P = .031). Median survival for these patients was 1.3 years compared with 2.7 years for those without the variant (P = .043). Similar results were observed for patients carrying a genetic variant of P450 3A5. Median survival for patients with deletions of glutathione-S-transferase M1 gene was 3.5 v 1.5 years for patients with one or both copies (P = .041). Patients with a polymorphism in a gene regulating metallothionein had lower platinum concentrations and shorter survival (P = .033). Conclusion These data suggest that pretreatment evaluation of drug metabolism genes may explain some interindividual differences in both anticancer drug pharmacokinetics and response. The correlations found here may have implications for other commonly used anticancer drugs.
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Andre, Florian, Philipp Fortner, Mostafa Emami, Sebastian Seitz, Matthias Brado, Friedemann Gückel, Roman Sokiranski et al. "Factors influencing the safety of outpatient coronary CT angiography: a clinical registry study". BMJ Open 12, n. 8 (agosto 2022): e058304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2021-058304.
Abstract (sommario):
ObjectivesSince the safety of coronary CT angiography (CTA) is of great importance, especially with regard to widening indications and increasing morbidity, the aim of this study was to assess influencing factors.MethodsPatients undergoing coronary CTA in a third-generation dual-source CT in a radiological centre were included in a clinical registry. Up to 20 mg metoprolol was administered intravenously to attain a heart rate ≤65/min. Glyceryl trinitrate (GTN) was administered in doses of 0.8 mg and 0.4 mg. Blood pressure was measured before the administration and after the CTA.ResultsOut of 5500 consecutive patients (3194 men, 62.3 (54.9–70.0) years), adverse events occurred in 68 patients (1.2%) with mild anaphylactoid reactions (0.4%), vasovagal symptoms (0.3%) and extravasation (0.3%) being most frequent. Anti-allergic drugs were given in 17 patients, atropine in 3 patients and volume in 1 patient. Drug administration resulted in a significant mean arterial pressure decline (96.0 (88.3–106.0) vs 108.7 (99.7–117.3) mmHg; p<0.001). Patients who suffered systolic blood pressure drops >20 mmHg or >40 mmHg were older (66.5 (58.6–73.3) vs 60.5 (53.6–68.3) years; 70.2 (63.3–76.5) vs 62.1 (54.7–69.6) years), more often male (65.1% vs 54.4%; 68.9% vs 57.3%) and had higher Agatston score equivalents (83.0 (2.0–432.0) vs 15.0 (0.0–172.0); 163.0 (16.3–830.8) vs 25.0 (0.0–220.0); all p<0.001). GTN dose reduction lowered the fraction of patients suffering from blood pressure drops >20 mmHg or >40 mmHg from 34.5% to 27.4% and from 6.1% to 3.5% (both p<0.001), respectively. The proportion of coronary segments with impaired image quality did not differ significantly.ConclusionsCoronary CTA with intravenous beta-blocker administration is a safe procedure in an outpatient setting as adverse events are rare and mostly mild. Reduced GTN doses can further improve safety by lowering the rate of significant blood pressure drops, which occurred especially in elderly men with increased plaque burden.Trial registration numberNCT03815123.
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Venditti, Adriano, Francesco Buccisano, Giovanni Del Poeta, Luca Maurillo, Anna Tamburini, Christina Cox, Alessandra Battaglia et al. "Level of minimal residual disease after consolidation therapy predicts outcome in acute myeloid leukemia". Blood 96, n. 12 (1 dicembre 2000): 3948–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v96.12.3948.
Abstract (sommario):
Abstract We used flow cytometry to quantify minimal residual disease (MRD) in 56 patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) expressing a leukemia-associated phenotype. Thirty-four patients aged 18 to 60 years were entered into the AML-10 protocol (induction, consolidation, and autologous stem-cell transplantation [ASCT]), whereas 22 patients older than 60 years received the AML-13 protocol (induction, consolidation, and consolidation II). After induction, the level of MRD that was best associated with treatment outcome was 4.5 × 10−4 residual leukemic cells. However, the outcome in patients with at least 4.5 × 10−4 cells (n = 26) was not significantly different from that in patients with fewer leukemic cells (n = 30); there were 15 (58%) relapses in the first group and 12 (40%) relapses in the second. After consolidation, the most predictive MRD cutoff value was 3.5 × 10−4cells: 22 patients had an MRD level of 3.5 × 10−4 cells or higher and 17 (77%) of these patients had relapse, compared with 5 of 29 patients (17%) with lower MRD levels (P < .001). An MRD level of 3.5 × 10−4 cells or higher after consolidation was significantly correlated with poor or intermediate-risk cytogenetic findings, a multidrug resistance 1 (MDR1) phenotype, short duration of overall survival, and short duration of relapse-free survival (P = .014, .031, .00022, and .00014, respectively). In multivariate analysis, this MRD status was significantly associated with a high frequency of relapse (P < .001) and a short duration of overall (P = .025) and relapse-free survival (P = .007). ASCT did not alter the prognostic effect of high MRD levels after consolidation: the relapse rate after transplantation was 70%. Thus, we found that an MRD level of 3.5 × 10−4 cells or higher at the end of consolidation strongly predicts relapse and is significantly associated with an MDR1 phenotype and intermediate or unfavorable cytogenetic findings.
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A. Noori, Yasir, Inam S. Arif, Manal M. Younus e Mohammed M. Mohammed. "Analysis of hydroxychloroquine adverse events in COVID-19 patients reported throughout Iraqi pharmacovigilance center in VigiBase™: A study based on WHO database". F1000Research 11 (11 agosto 2022): 923. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.124441.1.
Abstract (sommario):
Background: Hydroxychloroquine is a long-used medication, most commonly used to treat and prevent malaria, that also has anti-inflammatory and antiviral characteristics. Therefore, specialists have shown interest in the underlying mechanism of its antiviral activity. In vitro experiments have demonstrated its efficiency against SARS coronavirus, and in vitro and in vivo research on coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is being conducted. We aimed to investigate reports on adverse events of hydroxychloroquine submitted to the Iraqi Pharmacovigilance Centre and compare the incidence of these reported adverse events in Iraq to globally reported cases during the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 using information component (IC)025 values. Methods: The reported adverse events of hydroxychloroquine to the national Pharmacovigilance database, VigiBase™ a WHO global database of reported potential side effects of medicinal products, were investigated qualitatively (age, sex, and severity) and quantitatively (using IC025) as a measure of the existence of new/altered safety information associated with hydroxychloroquine. Results: A total of 132 reports were found, with women representing 37.1% and men representing 60.6% of cases, while the rest were unidentified, with the predominant age groups ranging from 18–44 years old accounting for 47.4% of cases. The most reported adverse events were upper (17%) and lower abdomen pain (21%), nausea (14%), diarrhea (13%), and electrocardiogram (ECG) QT prolongation (13%). There were 44 different drug-adverse reaction pairings in which the adverse reaction reports included more than one event. The IC025 value for the most widely reported adverse events showed a positive comparable value for upper (2/0.3) and lower abdominal pain (1.8/-0.0), palpitation (1.6/-0.4), and dyspepsia (1.1/0.6). There was a decreased value for IC025 in cases of ECG QT prolongation (3.5/5), diarrhea (0.3/0.8), abdominal discomfort (0.1/2), and oral fungal infection (-0.4/0.6). Conclusions: The IC025 helped determine the higher reporting rate of adverse events compared to the average global rates.
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Roka, Kleoniki, Eleftheria Kokkinou, Maria Gavra, Efthymia Tsina, Konstantina Mparka, Georgios Zarafonitis, Konstantina Kosma et al. "NFB-17. "Optic Pathway findings in children with Neurofibromatosis type-1 (NF-1)". Neuro-Oncology 24, Supplement_1 (1 giugno 2022): i131. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/noac079.478.
Abstract (sommario):
Abstract BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES:Optic-pathway-glioma(OPG) represents the most common central-nervous tumor in children with neurofibromatosis type-1(NF1), occurring at an incidence of 15-20%. It is estimated that 1/3 of NF1 patients(pts) with OPG will need treatment. DESIGN-METHODS:We performed a retrospective-review of all NF1-pts examined in the First Hellenic Multidisciplinary-Clinic – Center of Expertise for Neurocutaneous-disorders. Gender, age, MRI-radiological and ophthalmological findings, presence of OPG, management and outcome were analyzed. RESULTS:Since the establishment of the Clinic in 2016, 198pts with clinical diagnosis of NF1 based on NIH1988-criteria were evaluated and of them, 165(73 females, median age:5.5y, range:0.3-17.1y), who had imaging studies were included in this analysis. Eighty three pts(50.3%) had NF1-positive genetic-testing and 45NF1-family-history(27.3%). Imaging-findings from optic pathway were found in 55/165pts(28females). Percentage of pts with findings were 51.7% for <3y, 45.4% for 3-5y, 34.7% for 5-10y and 8.5% for >10y, respectively. The median age of their first brain-MRI imaging was 2.82y. Upon 1stMRI-imaging, 70.9% presented thickness of the optic nerves(ON)(25,4%bilateral, 20% optic chiasm,18.1% right ON, 10.0% left ON), 14.5%ON-tortuosity, 38.1%OPG(43,5% in the optic-chiasm) and 34.5% contrast enhancement. Of notice, 14pts presented an OPG after a median follow-up time of 1.79y. According to LGG2004-protocol indications for treatment, only 15/55pts had to be treated(27,2%, 5pts with family history, 33.3% between 5-10y). Severe vision-loss with need for immediate start of treatment upon 1stMRI imaging was found in 4pts, of whom 75% had family-history and first evaluation after the 5th year of age. Of notice, only 2pts<3y had to receive treatment, one with family-history and one with symptoms(diencephalic syndrome). CONCLUSIONS: Pts with NF1 should be followed by a multidisciplinary-team. Management should be individualized and imaging-studies can be limited to patients at high-risk. Positive family-history may be a negative prognostic factor for OP lesions.
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Rayne, Sierra. "Comment on “Targeting aquatic microcontaminants for monitoring: exposure categorization and application to the Swiss situation [Gotz et al., Environ Sci Pollut Res (2010) 17:341–354]”". Environmental Science and Pollution Research 20, n. 9 (8 giugno 2013): 6676–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11356-013-1872-x.
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Aqrabawi, Jamal A. "Outcome of Endodontic Treatment of Teeth Filled Using Lateral Condensation versus Vertical Compaction (Schilder's Technique)". Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice 7, n. 1 (2006): 17–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jcdp-7-1-17.
Abstract (sommario):
Abstract The purpose of this prospective clinical and radiographic investigation was to assess the treatment results following endodontic therapy of teeth filled with lateral condensation versus teeth filled with vertical compaction of warm gutta-percha. A total of 290 patients were treated using the standardized step-back technique for canal preparation, which were filled with either lateral condensation or vertical compaction in one single session. Five years later, the treatment results were assessed clinically and radiographically and related to the type of the obturation technique using Chi-square analysis. Of the 340 teeth that were reexamined, 160 teeth were filled with lateral condensation, and 180 teeth were filled with vertical condensation. The results showed a significantly higher success rate for the vertical compaction versus the lateral condensation technique of teeth presented with preoperative periapical lesions P<0.04. Regardless of the preoperative periapical status of the teeth, no statistically significant difference was found between the two techniques. The overall success rate of both filling techniques was 80.3%. Citation Aqrabawi JA. Outcome of Endodontic Treatment of Teeth Filled Using Lateral Condensation versus Vertical Compaction (Schilder's Technique). J Contemp Dent Pract 2006 February;(7)1:017-024.
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Deters, B., J. P. Burrows, S. Himmelmann e C. Blindauer. "Gas phase spectra of HOBr and Br2O and their atmospheric significance". Annales Geophysicae 14, n. 4 (30 aprile 1996): 468–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00585-996-0468-x.
Abstract (sommario):
Abstract. The HOBr molecule is a potential reservoir of Br compounds in the atmosphere. In this work, the UV-visible spectrum of HOBr was measured over the range 242–400 nm. Its absorption consists of two maxima at 280 nm (σmax=2.7±0.4×10–19 cm2 molecules–1) and 355 nm (σmax=7.0±1.1×10–20 cm2 molecules–1), respectively, where the error is ±1Σ. Atmospheric photolysis lifetime calculations for HOBr in the lower stratosphere have been made using the PHOTOGT model. The results show a strong dependence on the solar zenith angle (SZA) implying a longer lifetime at high latitudes and a relatively short lifetime at low latitudes for example 714 s (albedo of 25%, SZA of 20° and an altitude of 17 km), and 3226 s (albedo of 25%, SZA of 88° and an altitude of 17 km). The UV-visible absorption spectrum of Br2O, which is an intermediate in the preparation, used in this study and is together with H2O in equilibrium with HOBr, was measured from 205 to 450 nm. The spectrum shows a maximum at 315 nm (σmax=2.3±0.3×10–18 cm2 molecules–1) with a shoulder at 355 nm. From the results of the atmospheric lifetime calculations for Br2O, it is clear that this molecule has a short stratospheric lifetime and is not likely to have a large daytime concentration, for example, 20 s (albedo of 25%, SZA of 20° and an altitude of 17 km), and 83 s (albedo and 25%, SZA of 88° and an altitude of 17 km).
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Lee, L. Y., E. R. Beck, R. F. Morton, Y. R. Kou e D. T. Frazier. "Role of bronchopulmonary C-fiber afferents in the apneic response to cigarette smoke". Journal of Applied Physiology 63, n. 4 (1 ottobre 1987): 1366–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1987.63.4.1366.
Abstract (sommario):
The role of vagal bronchopulmonary C-fiber afferents in eliciting the immediate changes in breathing pattern after acute inhalation of cigarette smoke was assessed with a selective blockade of myelinated vagal afferents (innervating both stretch and irritant receptors) utilizing the method of differential cooling. In 15 of 17 chloralose-anesthetized dogs tested, spontaneous inhalation of cigarette smoke (19.7% avg conc, 500–700 ml vol) reproducibly caused the following immediate responses: apnea, bradycardia, and hypotension. These responses occurred within 1 to 2 breaths of smoke inhalation and were followed by a delayed hyperpnea. The apneic duration reached 326 +/- 33% (SE) (n = 15) of the mean base-line expiratory duration. Differential cold block of both vagi (coolant temperature 8.4 +/- 0.3 degrees C) abolished the reflex apnea induced by a positive-pressure (7–10 cmH2O) lung inflation but did not affect the apneic response to smoke inhalation (345 +/- 35%). The smoke-induced apnea was completely abolished by lowering the coolant temperature to -1.3 +/- 0.2 degrees C (n = 10) or by bilateral vagotomy (n = 5) and returned to the control level after both vagi were rewarmed. Based on these results, we suggest that the immediate apneic response to inhaled cigarette smoke is elicited by a stimulation of vagal C-fiber afferents in the lungs and airways.
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Stanislavskaya, E. V., A. L. Afanas’eva e O. A. Pavlova. "Algoflora of lakes in the Kurgal’sky Nature reserve (Leningrad region)". Povolzhskiy Journal of Ecology, n. 3 (23 novembre 2021): 335–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.35885/1684-7318-2021-3-335-347.
Abstract (sommario):
Various algocenosises in the brackish Lake Lipovskoe and ultra-oligotrophic Lake Beloe located in the Kurgal’sky Nature reserve were studied in May and July of 2019. In the algal flora of the lakes studied, we found 291 taxa belonging to 9 orders. The both lakes were characterized by high species richness, namely: 179 and 181 algae taxa were identified in the Lake Lipovskoe and Lake Beloe, respectively. In the Lake Lipovskoe, its phytoplankton was dominated by Cyanophyta, Cryptophyta and Dinophyta, among which brackish-water and marine species were presented. In the periphyton of this Lake, brackish-water diatoms and green algae were the most abundant. In the Lake Beloe, its phytoplankton was dominated by Dinophyta, Bacillariophyta and Chlorophyta; the blue-greens, diatoms and green algae dominated in the periphyton of Lake Beloe. Despite that the lakes are located close to each other, their algal flora is quite different: the Sorensen similarity index between the two lakes was 38% only. The phytoplankton biomass in both lakes was low, increasing from spring to summer. In the Lake Lipovskoe, the phytoplankton biomass varied from 0.45 to 1.9 mg/L, chlorophyll a fluctuated from 3.9 to 7.1 µg/L. In the Lake Beloe, the phytoplankton biomass varied from 0.3 to 1.4 mg/L, chlorophyll a fluctuated from 0.45 to 1.3 µg/L. The periphyton biomass was 20 g/m2 (chlorophyll a being 22 mg/m2 ) and 17 g/m2 (chlorophyll a being 17 mg/m2 ) in the Lake Lipovskoe and Lake Beloe, respectively. Nowadays, the ecological status of both lakes can be considered satisfactory, because based on trophic conditions and species compositions they belong to waterbodies of clean and satisfactory clean conditions (II–III classes of water quality). To preserve the unique flora of the lakes in the Kurgal’sky Nature reserve, nature-protected measures should be strengthened.
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Oz, Esra, e Zuhal Kırzıoglu. "The contribution of genetics to dental caries, oral habits and occlusal traits in Turkish twins: A comparative study". BMC Oral Health 23, n. 1 (9 ottobre 2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12903-023-03426-9.
Abstract (sommario):
Abstract Objective The aims of this study were to investigate and compare the prevalence of dental caries and the frequency of oral habits, molar relationships and occlusal traits between children of multiple births, and singletons, and to determine the relative contributions of genetics and environmental factors to these parameters by using twin study design. Methods The study group consisted of 345 multiple births (34 monozygotic and 122 dizygotic twin pairs, 11 sets of triplets) and 345 singletons between the ages of 2 and 17. The prevalence of dental caries, and the frequency of tooth brushing, the children’s oral habits, molar relationships, and occlusal traits were recorded. Results The percentage of children who brushed their teeth more than twice daily was statistically significantly higher in multiple births than in singletons. Higher correlation coefficients were found in dental caries index, except for decayed, filled (df) (2–5 age group) and filled (f) (6–11 age group), in the monozygotic twin pairs compared to those in the dizygotic twin pairs. In children between the ages of 6 and 11 years, mouth breathing, bruxism, lip biting, and pencil biting were higher in singletons than in children of multiple births. There were statistically significant differences between children of multiple births and singletons, with increased overjet in the 2–5 year age group being observed. Conclusion When analyzing these parameters, environmental factors must also be investigated. Due to the low incidence of twin births, longitudinal follow-up studies with more twin pairs are necessary to determine whether these results are generalizable.
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Shah, Sonali S., Jinghong Zhang, Stella May Gwini, Morag J. Young, Peter J. Fuller e Jun Yang. "Efficacy and safety of mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists for the treatment of low-renin hypertension: a systematic review and meta-analysis". Journal of Human Hypertension, 11 gennaio 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41371-023-00891-1.
Abstract (sommario):
AbstractHypertension is the leading risk factor for premature death. The optimal treatment of low-renin hypertension (LRH), present in 30% of hypertensive individuals, is not known. LRH likely reflects a state of excess salt, expanded volume and/or mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) activation. Therefore, targeted treatment with MR antagonists (MRA) may be beneficial. The objective of this systematic review was to assess the efficacy of MRA therapy in LRH. MEDLINE, Embase and Cochrane databases were searched for randomised controlled trials of adults with LRH that compared the efficacy of MRA to placebo or other antihypertensive treatments. Risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane risk of bias tool. A meta-analysis was performed using a random-effects model to estimate the difference in blood pressure and the certainty of evidence was assessed using the GRADE approach. The protocol is registered on PROSPERO (CRD42022318763). From the 1612 records identified, 17 studies met the inclusion criteria with a total sample size of 1043 participants. Seven studies (n = 345) were assessed as having a high risk of bias. Meta-analysis indicated that MRA reduced systolic blood pressure by −6.8 mmHg (95% confidence interval −9.6 to −4.1) and −4.8 mmHg (95% confidence interval −11.9 to 2.4) compared to angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors/angiotensin receptor blockers (ACEi/ARB) and diuretics. The certainty of the evidence was assessed as moderate and very low, respectively. The findings of this systematic review suggest that MRA is effective in lowering blood pressure in LRH and may be better than ACEi/ARB. Translation to clinical practice is limited by the uncertainty of evidence.
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Zhang, Yi, Yizhuo Wang, Tian Zhi, Mei Jin, Dongsheng Huang e Xiaoli Ma. "Clinical characteristics, treatment and prognosis of infants with retinoblastoma: a multicenter, 10-year retrospective analysis". BMC Pediatrics 23, n. 1 (9 maggio 2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12887-023-03984-5.
Abstract (sommario):
Abstract Background To summarize the characteristics and treatment, and analyze the prognosis of large number of infants with retinoblastoma (RB) in China through a multicenter, 10-year retrospective analysis. Methods The data of RB infants were collected from multiple centers. The characteristics and survival prognosis were analyzed. The overall survival (OS) rate was estimated by the Kaplan–Meier method. Multivariate Cox survival analysis was to evaluate the independent risk factors affecting the prognosis of RB infants. Results A total of 373 RB infants (202 boys and 171 girls) were included, the median age was 6.22 months (10 days to 11.93 months). The median follow-up time of RB infants was 18.4 (1.02–122.81 months). After excluding the lost to follow-up cases, the OS rate was 97.7% (345/353). Kaplan–Meier survival analysis indicated that 9 cases died and the median survival time was not reached. Univariate analysis of prognostic factors revealed eye affected, presenting signs, left eye stage and recurrence to be poor prognostic factors for OS rate in RB infants (all P < 0.05). Multivariate Cox regression analyses for OS showed recurrence (HR = 1.376, 95% CI: 0.878–2.156, P = 0.048) was an independent factor for prognosis of infants with RB. The median survival time of infants underwent chemotherapy + intra-arterial chemotherapy (IAC) + enucleation + vitrectomy was the longest than other treatments (n = 9, 47.64 months, OS = 100%, all P < 0.05). There was a history of RB in 17 infants' lineal relatives. Kaplan-merier survival analysis indicated 1 case died and the median survival time was not reached. Conclusion Recurrence is an independent factor for prognosis of RB infants, which still needs attention after treatment. Early screening, comprehensive treatments and follow-up of patients may lead to improvements of prognosis of RB infants.
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Guinness, Lorna, Angela Kairu, August Kuwawenaruwa, Karima Khalid, Khamis Awadh, Vincent Were, Edwine Barasa et al. "Essential emergency and critical care as a health system response to critical illness and the COVID19 pandemic: what does it cost?" Cost Effectiveness and Resource Allocation 21, n. 1 (13 febbraio 2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12962-023-00425-z.
Abstract (sommario):
AbstractEssential Emergency and Critical Care (EECC) is a novel approach to the care of critically ill patients, focusing on first-tier, effective, low-cost, life-saving care and designed to be feasible even in low-resourced and low-staffed settings. This is distinct from advanced critical care, usually conducted in ICUs with specialised staff, facilities and technologies. This paper estimates the incremental cost of EECC and advanced critical care for the planning of care for critically ill patients in Tanzania and Kenya.The incremental costing took a health systems perspective. A normative approach based on the ingredients defined through the recently published global consensus on EECC was used. The setting was a district hospital in which the patient is provided with the definitive care typically provided at that level for their condition. Quantification of resource use was based on COVID-19 as a tracer condition using clinical expertise. Local prices were used where available, and all costs were converted to USD2020.The costs per patient day of EECC is estimated to be 1 USD, 11 USD and 33 USD in Tanzania and 2 USD, 14 USD and 37 USD in Kenya, for moderate, severe and critical COVID-19 patients respectively. The cost per patient day of advanced critical care is estimated to be 13 USD and 294 USD in Tanzania and USD 17 USD and 345 USD in Kenya for severe and critical COVID-19 patients, respectively.EECC is a novel approach for providing the essential care to all critically ill patients. The low costs and lower tech approach inherent in delivering EECC mean that EECC could be provided to many and suggests that prioritizing EECC over ACC may be a rational approach when resources are limited. Graphical Abstract