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Kumar, Lalit, e Puneet Utreja. "Oleic Acid Vesicles for Transdermal Delivery of Propranolol Hydrochloride: Development and Characterization". Current Drug Therapy 15, n. 3 (14 ottobre 2020): 238–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1574885514666190722164119.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Background: Pharmaceutical scientists are exploring transdermal route for treatment of various systemic diseases nowadays. Transdermal nanocarrier systems show various advantages like bioavailability enhancement of drugs, avoidance of first pass hepatic metabolism, and reduction of dosing frequency of bioactive therapeutic molecules. Objective: The objective of the present research work was to encapsulate Propranolol hydrochloride into oleic acid vesicles and carry out in-vitro and in-vivo evaluation of oleic acid vesicular gel containing Propranolol hydrochloride. Method: Propranol hydrochloride loaded oleic acid vesicles were prepared by exploring thin film hydration method. Developed vesicles were evaluated for morphology, size, zeta potential and polydispersity index (PDI). Thermal behavior of drug loaded vesicles was checked using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and depth of skin penetration was determined using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). Oleic acid vesicles dispersed in Carbopol 934R gel were subjected to in-vivo evaluation in male Sprague Dawley rats through measurement of plasma concentration and tissue distribution of Propranolol hydrochloride. Results: Optimized formulation having oleic acid : Propranol hydrochloride in the ratio 7 : 3 showed highest entrapment (56.1 ± 0.7%), acceptable size (291.3 ± 2.2 nm), the optimum value of PDI (0.219 ± 0.043) and zeta potential (-27.13 ± 0.25 mV). The results of DSC analysis showed effective encapsulation of drug inside the vesicles and CLSM analysis revealed penetration of vesicles upto stratum spinosum layer of skin. The results of in-vivo study revealed capability of vesicular gel to prolong the release of Propranolol hydrochloride upto 24 h with a Cmax value of 83.6 ± 3.0 ng/mL which was higher compared to the marketed tablet of Propranolol hydrochloride [InderalR (40 mg), Abbott India Ltd.] (45.6 ± 3.1 ng/mL). Tissue distribution studies revealed higher percentage of Propranolol hydrochloride in various organs after 24 h of administration of vesicular gel compared to marketed tablet. Conclusion: Developed oleic acid vesicular gel could be effective to reduce dosing frequency and avoid side effects of oral Propranol hydrochloride.
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Rachtanapun, Pornchai, Dheerawan Boonyawan, Rafael A. Auras e Gopinath Kasi. "Effect of Water-Resistant Properties of Kraft Paper (KP) Using Sulfur Hexafluoride (SF6) Plasma Coating". Polymers 14, n. 18 (10 settembre 2022): 3796. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14183796.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) plasma at different pressures, powers, and times was used to treat Kraft paper (KP) to enhance its water resistance. The KP was treated with SF6 plasma from 20–300 mTorr of pressure at powers from 25–75 Watts and treatment times from 1–30 min at 13.56 MHz. The prepared papers were characterized by contact angle measurement and water absorption. The selected optimum condition for the plasma-treated KP was 200 mTorr at 50 Watts for 5 min. Advancement with the change in treatment times (3, 5, and 7 min) on the physical and mechanical properties, water resistance, and morphology of KP with SF6 plasma at 200 mTorr and 50 Watts was evaluated. The changes in the chemical compositions of the plasma-treated papers were analyzed with an XPS analysis. The treatment times of 0, 3, 5, and 7 min revealed fluorine/carbon (F/C) atomic concentration percentages at 0.00/72.70, 40.48/40.97, 40.18/37.95, and 45.72/39.48, respectively. The XPS spectra showed three newly raised peaks at 289.7~289.8, 291.5~291.7, and 293.4~293.6 eV in the 3, 5, and 7 min plasma-treated KPs belonging to the CF, CF2, and CF3 moieties. The 5 min plasma-treated paper promoted a better interaction between the SF6 plasma and the paper yielded by the F atoms. As the treatment time for the treated KPs increased, the contact angle, water absorption time, and Cobb test values increased. However, the thickness and tensile strength did not show remarkable changes. The SEM images revealed that, as the treatment time increased, the surface roughness of the plasma-treated KPs also increased, leading to improved water resistance properties. Overall, the SF6 plasma treatment modified the surface at the nano-layer range, creating super-hydrophobicity surfaces.
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Agha, Amar, Diarmuid Smith, Francis Finucane, Mark Sherlock, Andrew Morris, Peter Baylis e Christopher J. Thompson. "Attenuation of vasopressin-induced antidiuresis in poorly controlled type 2 diabetes". American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism 287, n. 6 (dicembre 2004): E1100—E1106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpendo.00214.2004.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Renal resistance to vasopressin has been demonstrated in type 1 diabetes and in type 2 diabetes with nephropathy. However, renal response to vasopressin in type 2 diabetes without nephropathy has not been studied. We studied 10 subjects with poorly controlled type 2 diabetes (PCDS; Hb A1c >9%), 10 subjects with well-controlled type 2 diabetes (WCDS; Hb A1c <7%), and 10 matched nondiabetic control subjects (NDCS) during a euglycemic 8-h water deprivation test. None of the subjects had nephropathy. Water deprivation caused similar rises in plasma vasopressin concentrations in all three groups, but the rise in urine osmolality in PCDS (280.3 ± 49.7 to 594.4 ± 88.5 mosmol/kgH2O) was lower than in WCDS (360.7 ± 142.8 to 794.1 ± 77.3 mosmol/kgH2O, P < 0.001) or NDCS (336.0 ± 123.3 to 786.5 ± 63.3 mosmol/kgH2O, P = 0.019). Total urine output was higher in the PCDS than in WCDS and NDCS ( P < 0.05). Linear regression analysis showed that, in PCDS, the osmotic thresholds for thirst (291.9 ± 4.6 mosmol/kgH2O) and vasopressin release (291.1 ± 2.9 mosmol/kgH2O) were higher compared with WCDS (286.6 ± 1.8 and 286.0 ± 3.6 mosmol/kgH2O, respectively) and NDCS (286.0 ± 2.4 and 284.1 ± 4.7 mosmol/kgH2O, respectively) (between groups P < 0.001 for both variables). Under conditions of euglycemia, PCDS have impaired renal response to vasopressin and elevated osmotic threshold for thirst and vasopressin release in response to dehydration. Under conditions of chronic hyperglycemia, these abnormalities may significantly contribute to the development of dehydration in PCDS.
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Sun, Xiao-Juan. "Crystal structure of catena-poly[(μ2-2,5-di(pyridin-3-yl)-1,3,4-thiadiazole-κ2N:N′)-bis(2,5-di(pyridin-3-yl)-1,3,4-thiadiazole-κ1N)-bis(thiocyanato-κ1N)cobalt(II)], C38H24CoN14S5". Zeitschrift für Kristallographie - New Crystal Structures 234, n. 1 (19 dicembre 2018): 39–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ncrs-2018-0118.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
AbstractC38H24CoN14S5, triclinic, P1̄, a = 10.6306(6) Å, b = 13.1604(5) Å, c = 15.1858(7) Å, α = 81.039(4) Å, β = 82.393(4) Å, γ = 66.803(4) Å, V = 1923.04(17) Å3, Z = 2, Rgt(F) = 0.0420, wRref(F2) = 0.0882, T = 291.6(7) K.
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Hong, Dong-Feng, Wen-Bo Guo e Wei-Dong Yin. "Crystal structure of poly[(μ2-2-carboxy-5-nitroisophthalato-κ2O:O′)-(μ2-4-((1H-imidazol-1-yl)methyl)pyridine-κ2N:N′)zinc(II)], C18H12N4O8Zn". Zeitschrift für Kristallographie - New Crystal Structures 233, n. 6 (27 novembre 2018): 1035–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ncrs-2018-0156.
Testo completo
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Li, Jun-Xia, e Zhong-Xiang Du. "The crystal structure of catena-poly[(μ2-4,4′-dipyridine-κ2N,N′)-bis(3,5,6-trichloropyridine-2-oxyacetato-κO)-bis(ethanol-κO)nickel(II)], C28H26Cl6N4NiO8". Zeitschrift für Kristallographie - New Crystal Structures 235, n. 4 (25 giugno 2020): 887–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ncrs-2020-0083.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
AbstractC28H26Cl6N4NiO8, monoclinic, I2/a (no. 15), a = 15.7577(10) Å, b = 12.6174(7) Å, c = 16.7333(10) Å, β = 99.609(6)Å, V = 3280.3(3) Å3, Z = 4, Rgt(F) = 0.0674, wRref(F2) = 0.1665, T = 291.2(3) K.
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Haldar, Sumanto, Sze Lee, Jun Tan, Siok Chia, Christiani Henry e Eric Chan. "Dose-Dependent Increase in Unconjugated Cinnamic Acid Concentration in Plasma Following Acute Consumption of Polyphenol Rich Curry in the Polyspice Study". Nutrients 10, n. 7 (20 luglio 2018): 934. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu10070934.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Spices that are rich in polyphenols are metabolized to a convergent group of phenolic/aromatic acids. We conducted a dose-exposure nutrikinetic study to investigate associations between mixed spices intake and plasma concentrations of selected, unconjugated phenolic/aromatic acids. In a randomized crossover study, 17 Chinese males consumed a curry meal containing 0 g, 6 g, and 12 g of mixed spices. Postprandial blood was drawn up to 7 h at regular intervals and plasma phenolic/aromatic acids were quantified via liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Cinnamic acid (CNA, p < 0.0001) and phenylacetic acid (PAA, p < 0.0005) concentrations were significantly increased with mixed spices consumption, although none of the other measured phenolic/aromatic acids differ significantly between treatments. CNA displayed a high dose-exposure association (R2 > 0.8, p < 0.0001). The adjusted mean area under the plasma concentration-time curve until 7 h (AUC0–7 h) for CNA during the 3 increasing doses were 8.4 ± 3.4, 376.1 ± 104.7 and 875.7 ± 291.9 nM.h respectively. Plasma CNA concentration may be used as a biomarker of spice intake.
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Arifin, Zainul, Irvin Dayadi e Cristianus Renaldy. "Uji Ketahanan Api Kayu Sengon (Paraserianthes falcataria (L.) Nielsen) yang Diawetkan dengan Bahan Pengawet Natrium Silikat (Na2SiO3)". ULIN: Jurnal Hutan Tropis 4, n. 2 (9 settembre 2020): 92. http://dx.doi.org/10.32522/ujht.v4i2.4251.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The results of this study indicate that the average value of air dry moisture content of sengon wood is 14.081%, the air dry density is 0.326 g/m3 and oven dry density is 0.295 g/m3. The highest average retention value was at 3 days immersion with a concentration of 7% i.e. 16.161 kg/m3 and the lowest was at 1 day immersion with a concentration of 3% i.e. 5.161 kg/m3. The highest value of burn intensity at 2 days immersion with a 3% concentration i.e. 16.249% and the lowest at 1 day immersion with a concentration of 7% i.e. 6.025%. Preservation of sengon wood using natrium silicate at a concentration of 3%, 5% and 7% and immersion for 1 day, 2 days and 3 days is less effective in holding the fire rate, because the value is still below the ASTM E69 standard (2002) i.e. 7.5. The effective test of preservative (W) obtained the highest value of burn intensity at 1 day immersion with a concentration of 7% i.e. 7,490 and the lowest value at 2 days of immersion with a concentration of 3%, i.e. 3,231. The maximum temperature ranges from 206.0-291.2°C and the cooking time ranges from 206.1-607.8 seconds.
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Carpenter, Chelsea A., Maggi C. Miller, Xuemei Sui e Delia S. West. "Weight Status and Sedentary Behavior of Alzheimer's Disease Caregivers". American Journal of Health Behavior 44, n. 1 (1 gennaio 2020): 3–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.5993/ajhb.44.1.1.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Objectives: In this study, we sought to characterize the weight status, sedentary behavior, and physical activity of caregivers of individuals with Alzheimer's disease. Methods: In 2014, we surveyed caregivers of individuals with Alzheimer's disease from the South Carolina Alzheimer's Disease Registry (N = 47) about their personal health behaviors. Additionally, a subset of individuals (N = 14) wore an accelerometer for 7 days. Results: Caregivers (N = 47) were mostly overweight or obese (85%) and self-reported a daily average sedentary time of 246.5 ± 203.0 minutes and 455.8 ± 291.4 minutes, as measured by 2 questionnaires. Objective measures indicated that persons spent an average of 769.4 ± 167.6 minutes per day (77.8% of their waking day) engaged in sedentary behavior. Conclusion: Given the negative health outcomes associated with both obesity and sedentary behavior, this is a vulnerable population that likely would benefit from interventions focused on weight management and reducing sedentary behavior.
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Chen, Siyuan, Jianshe Ma, Xianqin Wang e Quan Zhou. "Simultaneous Determination of Ropivacaine and 3-Hydroxy Ropivacaine in Cerebrospinal Fluid by UPLC-MS/MS". BioMed Research International 2020 (4 dicembre 2020): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8844866.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
In this paper, a UPLC-MS/MS method was developed for the determination of ropivacaine and its metabolite 3-hydroxy ropivacaine in cerebrospinal fluid. The cerebrospinal fluid was processed by ethyl acetate liquid-liquid extraction. The multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode was used for quantitative analysis by monitoring the transitions of m/z 275.3 → 126.2 for ropivacaine, m/z 291.0 → 126.0 for 3-hydroxy ropivacaine, and m/z 290.2 → 198.2 for the internal standard. Standard curves for ropivacaine and 3-hydroxy ropivacaine in cerebrospinal fluid were conducted over the concentration range of 0.2–2000 ng/mL, demonstrating excellent linearity, and the lower limit of quantification was 0.2 ng/mL. The intraday precision of ropivacaine and 3-hydroxy ropivacaine was less than 11%, while the interday precision was less than 7%. The accuracy ranged between 87% and 107%, the average extraction efficiency was higher than 79%, and the matrix effect was between 89% and 98%. The developed method was then applied to a case of suspected poisoning of ropivacaine.
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Sari, Husna, Erlina Hayati, Putri Mayang Sari e Sarmana . "PENGARUH PEMBERIAN KELAKAI (STENOCHLAENA PALUSTRIS) TERHADAP PENINGKATAN KADAR HEMOGLOBIN IBU HAMIL DI KLINIK KASIH IBU KECAMATAN DELI TUA". Jurnal Penelitian Kebidanan & Kespro 6, n. 1 (2 novembre 2023): 147–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.36656/jpk2r.v6i1.1594.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Anemia often occur due to iron deficiency due to the increase in blood volume in pregnant women to meet iron needs. one alternative for Fulfill needs substance iron could conducted with consumption vegetables that contain substance iron in the food menu . Kelakai is plant type the usual nails utilized as vegetables. Kelakai contain substance iron on leaves behavior (291.32 mg/100 grams) Substance iron (Fe) is a related factors with formation cell blood red and hemoglobin in blood . The aim of the research is to prove the effect of giving kelakai (Stenochlaena palustris) on increasing hemoglobin levels in pregnant woman at Kasih Ibu clinic. This research uses quasi-experimental with one..group..pretest and posttest..design . Data..analyzed..using the T-Test. The sampling technique in this study used a purposive hemoglobin sampling technique using the HB Quick Check tool. 15 respondents were Pregnant women who experience anemia consume 100gr kelakai (Stenochlaena Palustris) per day for 7 days. T-Test results obtained t value 8.049 and value P Value 0.000 < 0.05. The results of the study concluded that giving kelakai (Stenochlaena palustris) had an effect on increasing hemoglobin in pregnant women.
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Nasyuhana Sani, Yanti, Lim Sheau Chin, Lim Luen Hui, Nur Elyana Yazmin Mohd Redhuan Shah Edwin, Goh Teck Hwa, Victor L. Serebruany e Yuen Kah Hay. "The CYP2C19*1/*2 Genotype Does Not Adequately Predict Clopidogrel Response in Healthy Malaysian Volunteers". Cardiology Research and Practice 2013 (2013): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/128795.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Background. TheCYP2C19*2allele may be associated with a reduced antiplatelet effect for clopidogrel. Here, we assessed whetherCYP2C19*2alleles correlate with clopidogrel responsiveness following the administration of clopidogrel in healthy Malaysian volunteers.Methods. Ninety volunteers were genotyped forCYP2C19*2andCYP2C19*3alleles. Forty-five of 90 volunteers were included in the clopidogrel response studies and triaged into three genotypes, namely,CYP2C19*1/*1(n=17),CYP2C19*1/*2(n=21),andCYP2C19*2/*2(n=7). All subjects received 300 mg of clopidogrel, and platelet reactivity was assessed after a four-hour loading utilizing the VerifyNow-P2Y12 assay. Platelet activity was reported using P2Y12 reaction units (PRUs), and nonresponder status was prespecified at PRU ≥ 230.Results. Following clopidogrel intake,CYP2C19*2/*2carriers had a significantly higher mean PRU compared to theCYP2C19*1/*2andCYP2C19*1/*1(291.0 ± 62.1 versus 232.5 ± 81.4 versus 147.4 ± 87.2 PRU,P<0.001) carriers. Almost half of the participants (46.7%) were found to be nonresponders (3 wereCYP2C19*1/*1, 11 wereCYP2C19*1/*2, and 7 wereCYP2C19*2/*2).Conclusion. In healthy Malaysian volunteers,CYP2C19*2allele was associated with a decrease in platelet responsiveness to clopidogrel. However, clopidogrel nonresponders can be found not only in the carriers ofCYP2C19*2/*2, but also in the carriers ofCYP2C19*1/*2andCYP2C19*1/*1. The present paper demonstrated that genotype information does not correlate with clopidogrel response, and genotyping may represent a less robust approach compared to platelet activity testing in guiding clopidogrel therapy.
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Frank, Thomas, Michael Netzel, Gabriele Strass, Roland Bitsch e Irmgard Bitsch. "Bioavailability of anthocyanidin-3-glucosides following consumption of red wine and red grape juice". Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology 81, n. 5 (1 maggio 2003): 423–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/y03-038.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Pharmacokinetic parameters and the bioavailability of several dietary anthocyanins following consumption of red wine and red grape juice were compared in nine healthy volunteers. They were given a single oral dose of either 400 mL of red wine (279.6 mg total anthocyanins) or 400 mL of red grape juice (283.5 mg total anthocyanins). Within 7 h, the urinary excretion of total anthocyanins was 0.23 and 0.18% of the administered dose following red grape juice and red wine ingestion, respectively. Pharmacokinetic parameters derived from plasma and urine concentrations exhibited higher variability after ingestion of red grape juice. Compared to red grape juice anthocyanins, the relative bioavailability of red wine anthocyanins was calculated to be 65.7, 61.3, 61.9, 291.5, 57.1, and 76.3% for the glucosides of cyanidin, delphinidin, malvidin, peonidin, petunidin, and its sum (referred to as total anthocyanins), respectively. Bioequivalence was established for none of the anthocyanins. On a low level, urinary excretion of anthocyanins was fast, and the excretion rates seem to exhibit monoexponential characteristics over time after ingestion of both red grape juice and red wine. Due to low bioavailability, any significant contribution of anthocyanins to health protecting properties of red wine or red grape juice seems questionable, but the clinical relevance of these findings awaits further investigation.Key words: pharmacokinetics, anthocyanins, glycosides, bioavailability, humans.
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Jiang, Huayong, Xiujuan Wu, Shumei Lian, Changfeng Zhang, Shuyun Liu e Zongming Jiang. "Effects of salbutamol on the kinetics of sevoflurane and the occurrence of early postoperative pulmonary complications in patients with mild-to-moderate chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: A randomized controlled study". PLOS ONE 16, n. 5 (20 maggio 2021): e0251795. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0251795.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Bronchodilators dilate the bronchi and increase lung volumes, thereby improving respiratory physiology in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, their effects on sevoflurane kinetics remain unknown. We aimed to determine whether inhaled salbutamol affected the wash-in and wash-out kinetics of sevoflurane and the occurrence of early postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs) in patients with COPD undergoing elective surgery. This randomized, placebo-controlled study included 63 consecutive patients with COPD allocated to the salbutamol (n = 30) and control groups (n = 33). The salbutamol group received salbutamol aerosol (2 puffs of ~200 μg) 30 min before anesthesia induction and 30 min before surgery completion. The control group received a placebo. Sevoflurane kinetics were determined by collecting end-tidal samples from the first breaths at 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 10, and 15 min before the surgery (wash-in) and after closing the vaporizer (wash-out). PPCs were recorded for 7 days. The salbutamol group had higher end-tidal to inhaled sevoflurane ratios (p<0.05, p<0.01) than the control group, from 3 to 10 min during the wash-in period, but no significant differences were observed during the wash-out period. The arterial partial pressure of oxygen to the fraction of inhaled oxygen was significantly higher in the salbutamol group at 30 (320.3±17.6 vs. 291.5±29.6 mmHg; p = 0.033) and 60 min (327.8±32.3 vs. 309.2±30.5 mmHg; p = 0.003). The dead space to tidal volume ratios at 30 (20.5±6.4% vs. 26.3±6.0%, p = 0.042) and 60 min (19.6±5.1% vs. 24.8±5.5%, p = 0.007) and the incidence of bronchospasm (odds ratio [OR] 0.45, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.23–0.67, p = 0.023) and respiratory infiltration (OR 0.52, 95% CI, 0.40–0.65, p = 0.017) were lower in the salbutamol group. In patients with COPD, salbutamol accelerates the wash-in rate of sevoflurane and decreases the occurrence of postoperative bronchospasm and pulmonary infiltration within the first 7 days.
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Stevanny, Bella, Tungki Pratama Umar, Junoretta Haviva Ernanto e Rachmat Hidayat. "Peanut (Arachis hypogaea) Shells Extract and Apis dorsata Honey Reduce Matrix Metalloproteinase-3 in Monosodium Iodoacetate-Induced Osteoarthritic Rats". Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research 6, n. 3 (19 novembre 2020): 74–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/jbtr.v6i3.7908.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Background: Osteoarthritis is the most common degenerative joint disease worldwide but its treatment can cause serious adverse events. Ethanol extract of peanut shells contains luteolin functioned as its main anti-inflammatory and chondroprotective agent. Apis dorsata honey also contains anti-inflammatory and antioxidant agent, especially from Tualang honey type. Both have the potential to reduce inflammation and prevent articular degradation in osteoarthritis.Objective: This study aims to determine the effect of peanut shells extract and Apis dorsata honey on matrix metalloproteinase-3 (MMP-3) level in monosodium iodoacetate-induced (MIA) osteoarthritic rats.Methods: In this in vivo study, female Wistar rats (n=27) were randomly divided to nine groups containing three rats each. Treatment was given to group 1, 2, and 3: Tualang honey (TH) 25% + peanut shells extract (PSE) with 1%, 5%, and 10% concentration; group 4, 5, and 6: TH 50% + PSE with 1%, 5%, and 10% concentration; group 7: diclofenac sodium (positive control); group 8: aquadest (negative control); and group 9: aquadest (normal) for 10 days. We induced knee osteoarthritis by intraarticular injection of MIA in day 4. Anti-inflammatory and chondroprotective activities were evaluated with MMP-3 ELISA.Results: The mixture of peanut shells extract and Apis dorsata honey significantly reduced MMP-3 level in group 1 (331.12 pg/ml), group 2 (291.73 pg/ml), group 3 (266.58 pg/ml), group 4 (274.15 pg/ml), group 5 (251.12 pg/ml), and group 6 (220.52 pg/ml) after 10 days of treatment. MMP-3 level was also evaluated in group 7 (169.61 pg/ml), group 8 (413.55 pg/ml), and group 9 (39 pg/ml). Compared to the negative control group, treatment and diclofenac groups showed significant effect in reducing MMP-3 level in patello-femoral articular cartilage.Conclusion: Peanut shells extract and Apis dorsata honey showed antiinflammatory and chondroprotective effect by reducing MMP-3 level in MIA-induced osteoarthritic rats.
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Díaz-Cárdenas, Carolina, Laura Yinneth Rojas, Susana Fiorentino, Monica P. Cala, Jorge I. Díaz, Freddy A. Ramos, Jean Armengaud, Silvia Restrepo e Sandra Baena. "Bioactive Potential of Extracts of Labrenzia aggregata Strain USBA 371, a Halophilic Bacterium Isolated from a Terrestrial Source". Molecules 25, n. 11 (29 maggio 2020): 2546. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules25112546.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Previous studies revealed the potential of Labrenzia aggregata USBA 371 to produce cytotoxic metabolites. This study explores its metabolic diversity and compounds involved in its cytotoxic activity. Extracts from the extracellular fraction of strain USBA 371 showed high levels of cytotoxic activity associated with the production of diketopiperazines (DKPs). We purified two compounds and a mixture of two other compounds from this fraction. Their structures were characterized by 1D and 2D nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). The purified compounds were evaluated for additional cytotoxic activities. Compound 1 (cyclo (l-Pro-l-Tyr)) showed cytotoxicity to the following cancer cell lines: breast cancer 4T1 (IC50 57.09 ± 2.11 µM), 4T1H17 (IC50 40.38 ± 1.94), MCF-7 (IC50 87.74 ± 2.32 µM), murine melanoma B16 (IC50 80.87 ± 3.67), human uterus sarcoma MES-SA/Dx5 P-pg (−) (IC50 291.32 ± 5.64) and MES-SA/Dx5 P-pg (+) (IC50 225.28 ± 1.23), and murine colon MCA 38 (IC50 29.85 ± 1.55). In order to elucidate the biosynthetic route of the production of DKPs and other secondary metabolites, we sequenced the genome of L. aggregata USBA 371. We found no evidence for biosynthetic pathways associated with cyclodipeptide synthases (CDPSs) or non-ribosomal peptides (NRPS), but based on proteogenomic analysis we suggest that they are produced by proteolytic enzymes. This is the first report in which the cytotoxic effect of cyclo (l-Pro-l-Tyr) produced by an organism of the genus Labrenzia has been evaluated against several cancer cell lines.
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Bi, Dongxue, Guodong Yuan, Jing Wei, Liang Xiao, Lirong Feng, Fande Meng e Jie Wang. "A Soluble Humic Substance for the Simultaneous Removal of Cadmium and Arsenic from Contaminated Soils". International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, n. 24 (9 dicembre 2019): 4999. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16244999.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
With abundant oxygen-containing functional groups, a humic substance (HS) has a high potential to remediate soils contaminated by heavy metals. Here, HS was first extracted from a leonardite and analyzed for its chemical compositions and spectroscopic characteristics. Then it was assessed for its ability as a washing agent to remove Cd and As from three types of soils (red soil, black soil, and fluvo-aquic soil) that were spiked with those contaminants (Cd: 40.5–49.1 mg/kg; As: 451–584 mg/kg). The operational washing conditions, including the pH and concentration of the HS, washing time and cycles, and liquid–soil ratio, were assessed for Cd and As removal efficiency. At pH 7, with an HS concentration (3672 mg C/L) higher than its critical micelle concentration and a liquid–soil ratio of 30, a single washing for 6–12 h removed 41.9 mg Cd/kg and 199.3 mg As/kg from red soil, 33.5 mg Cd/kg and 291.5 mg As/kg from black soil, and 30.4 mg Cd/kg and 325.5 mg As/kg from fluvo-aquic soil. The removal of Cd and As from the contaminated soils involved the complexation of Cd and As with the carboxyl and phenolic groups of HS. Outcomes from this research could be used to develop a tailor-made HS washing agent for the remediation of Cd- and As-contaminated soils with different properties.
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Cervellino, Antonio, Torsten Haibach e Walter Steurer. "Structure solution of the basic decagonal Al–Co–Ni phase by the atomic surfaces modelling method". Acta Crystallographica Section B Structural Science 58, n. 1 (24 gennaio 2001): 8–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s0108768101018936.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The atomic surfaces modelling technique has been used to solve the structure of the basic Ni-rich Al–Co–Ni decagonal phase. Formula Al70.6Co6.7Ni22.7, space group P\overline{10}, five-dimensional unit-cell parameters: d 1 = d 4 = 4.752 (3) Å, d 2 = d 3 = 3.360 (2) Å, d 5 = 8.1710 (2) Å; α12 = α34 = 69.295°, α13 = α24 = 45°, α14 = 41.410°, α23 = α i5 = 90° (i = 1–4), V = 291.2 (7) Å5; Dx = 3.887 Mg m−3. Refinement based on |F|; 2767 unique reflections (|F| > 0), 749 parameters, R = 0.17, wR = 0.06. Describing the structure of quasicrystals embedded in n-dimensional superspace in principle takes advantage of n-dimensional periodicity to select the minimal set of degrees of freedom for the structure. The method of modelling of the atomic surfaces yielded the first fully detailed structure solution of this phase. Comparison with numerous former, less accurate models confirms several features already derived, but adds a new essential insight of the structure and its complexity. The atoms fill the space forming recurrent structure motifs, which we will (generically) refer to as clusters. However, no unique cluster exists, although differences are small. Each cluster shows a high degree of structural disorder. This gives rise to a large configurational entropy, as much as expected in a phase which is stable at high temperature. On the other side, the cluster spatial arrangement is perfectly quasiperiodic. These considerations, corroborated by analysis of the structural relationship with neighbouring periodic phases, strongly suggest the existence of a non-local, long-range interaction term in the total energy which may be essential to the stability.
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Le-Vo, Tam-Dinh, e Cuong Vi Tran. "Investigation of antioxidant capacity of peptide fractions from the Tra catfish by-product-derived proteolysate using Flavourzyme® 500 mg". Science and Technology Development Journal 20, K7 (27 novembre 2018): 35–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.32508/stdj.v20ik7.1209.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
In this study, the antioxidant potential of peptide fractions isolated from the Tra catfish (Pangasius hypophthalmus) by-product-derived hydrolysate using ultrafiltration centrifugal devices with 3 distinct molecular-weight cutoffs (MWCOs) of 5KDa, 10KDa, and 30KDa was investigated. Firstly, the chemical composition of the Tra catfish byproducts was analyzed. The result showed that the Tra catfish by-products contained 58.5% moisture, 33.9% crude protein, 50.1% crude lipid and 15.8% ash (on dry weight basis). Secondly, the effects of enzyme content, hydrolysis time on the antioxidant activity of the hydrolysate were studied using DPPH• (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging method (DPPH• SM), and FRAP (ferric reducing antioxidant potential) method. Flavourzyme® 500 MG was used for hydrolysis. The result revealed that the antioxidant activity of the proteolysate reached the peak when the hydrolysis time was 3h, enzyme/substrate (E/S) ratio was 25 U/g protein, hydrolysis temperature was 500C, pH was 7, and the degree of hydrolysis (DH) of the hydrolysate reached 37.4%. Next, the proteolysate was further fractionated using MWCOs of 5KDa, 10KDa, and 30KDa and the peptide fractions were investigated for their antioxidant activity. The result showed that the <5KDa fraction showed strongest antioxidant activity with the 50% DPPH• inhibition concentration (IC50) of 3079.34±75.29 μg/mL and FRAP value of 611.28±4.5 μM Trolox equivalent. The second strongest fraction was 5-10KDa with the IC50 and FRAPS value of 4709.3 ± 222.22 μg/mL and 323.62±2.54 μM Trolox equivalent, respectively. The 10-30KDa fraction showed weakest antioxidant capacity with the IC50 of 5847.73 ± 128.68 μg/mL and FRAP value of 291.4±2.65 μM Trolox equivalent. The antioxidant peptides derived from Tra catfish by-products proteolysate have the potential to be used as natural antioxidant ingredients in pharmaceutical and food industry.
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Vakhrushev, Aleksandr D., Heber Ivan Condori Leandro, Natalia S. Goncharova, Lev E. Korobchenko, Lubov B. Mitrofanova, Dmitry S. Lebedev e Evgeny N. Mikhaylov. "Extended Renal Artery Denervation Is Associated with Artery Wall Lesions and Acute Systemic and Pulmonary Hemodynamic Changes: A Sham-Controlled Experimental Study". Cardiovascular Therapeutics 2020 (28 ottobre 2020): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8859663.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Objectives. We sought to assess acute changes in systemic and pulmonary hemodynamics and microscopic artery lesions following extended renal artery denervation (RDN). Background. RDN has been proposed to reduce sympathetic nervous system hyperactivation. Although the effects of RDN on systemic circulation and overall sympathetic activity have been studied, data on the impact of RDN on pulmonary hemodynamics is lacking. Methods. The study comprised 13 normotensive Landrace pigs. After randomization, 7 animals were allocated to the group of bilateral RDN and 6 animals to the group of a sham procedure (SHAM). Hemodynamic measures, cannulation, and balloon-based occlusion of the renal arteries were performed in both groups. In the RDN group, radiofrequency ablation was performed in all available arteries and their segments. An autopsy study of the renal arteries was carried out in both groups. Results. The analysis was performed on 12 pigs (6 in either group) since pulmonary thromboembolism occurred in one case. A statistically significant drop in the mean diastolic pulmonary artery pressure (PAP) was detected in the RDN group when compared with the SHAM group (change by 13.0 ± 4.4 and 10.0 ± 3.0 mmHg , correspondingly; P = 0.04 ). In 5 out of 6 pigs in the RDN group, a significant decrease in systemic systolic blood pressure was found, when compared with baseline ( 98.8 ± 17.8 vs. 90.2 ± 12.6 mmHg , P = 0.04 ), and a lower mean pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) ( 291.0 ± 77.4 vs. 228.5 ± 63.8 dyn ∗ sec ∗ c m − 5 , P = 0.03 ) after ablation was found. Artery dissections were found in both groups, with prevalence in animals after RDN. Conclusions. Extensive RDN leads to a rapid and significant decrease in PAP. In the majority of cases, RDN is associated with an acute lowering of systolic blood pressure and PVR. Extended RDN is associated with artery wall lesions and thrombus formation underdiagnosed by angiography.
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Sahal, Khalid E., Mohammed Adam Mohammed Ali e Sallam Abdelfadil Bakhiet. "Productive Performance of F1- (Damascus Goat × Desert) under Traditional Management in North Kordofan". European Journal of Theoretical and Applied Sciences 1, n. 6 (1 novembre 2023): 16–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.59324/ejtas.2023.1(6).02.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This study carried out in North Kordofan state, Western Sudan (latitudes 12:15-16:32 N and longitudes 27-32 E), during the period Feb 2018 - Aug 2021 to assessment the productive and reproductive performance of crossed F1 (Desert× Damascus) under the traditional management systems, to evaluate adaptation of crossed to environmental conditions of study area, to study milk production of the crossed goats. 44 females crossed goat F1 (Damascus×Desert goat) were selected at weaning age. Two mature Damascus bucks were used in the experiment all animals were identified using ear tags and treated against external and internal parasites. All animals will set free during the day and kept in closed pen during the night. The behavior of the animals and the adaptation on the environment was observed and recorded in addition to any problems like disease; Data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences, software package (SPSS, V23, 2017). In this study, the Damascus Bucks were severely affected under the conditions of nature grazing and suffered from parasites and high temperature, Bucks have died as a result of tick fever according to Anatomical symptoms, The parameters of dams varied according to litter size, Females were born as a single reached puberty at (278.2±7 days) with body weight of 20.01 kg while the twins females was puberty age (291.6±9 days), and weight was 16.91kg , The average lactation period was 120 days with average total milk production of 40.46± 1.74 kg, this study conclude that the crossed Females are late in sexual maturity, So The genetic cross as a way to improve the herd without taking into account environmental conditions does not lead to the desired results.
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Gutsulyak, G. S. "Dairy productivity of mixed-aged Holstein cows with prolonged lactation function". Theoretical and Applied Veterinary Medicine 8, n. 4 (2020): 265–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.32819/2020.84039.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Presented study results of the productivity of mixed-aged cows with prolonged lactation. The formation of experimental groups was carried out according to the principle of analog groups, taking into account breed, live weight, age and physiological condition (lactation):25 animals in groups I, II, III and IV and 10 animals in group V. It was found that with the industrial technology of Holstein cows exploitation, regardless of their age, the duration of the lactation period was almost twice as long as the scientifically substantiated value and ranges from 561.2 to 610.9 days. At the same time, the milk productivity level of the cows in I and IV groups slightly exceeded 13 000 kg of milk per lactation, while in cows if II, III (control), and V groups – this value was higher than 15 000 kg. With prolonged lactation, the milk yield in the experimental groups of animals in terms of 305 days was kept at a fairly high level and there was a definite tendency to an increase in milk yield depending on the age of the animals. The first-calf heifers of group I were characterized by a relatively low milk yield since they gave only 13 291.8 kg of milk for the entire lactation, and in terms of 305 days – 7 944.1 kg, which was 13.57% and compared to III (control) group was 19.54% lower (P < 0.01). Animals of the fifth lactation from group V had the highest milk yield, in which the milk yield per lactation and per 305 days amounted to 15 818.5 kg and 9 716.7 kg of milk, respectively. With intensive exploitation technology and with the increasing age of Holstein cows, complete adaptation occurs, as a result of which their genetic potential for milk production is realized at a high level. This was indicated by the milk yield dynamics in experimental animals of different ages, in which, under the same conditions of feeding and housing, they were gradually increased from the first to the fifth lactation.
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Gleeson, Helena K., e Stephen M. Shalet. "GH responsiveness varies during the menstrual cycle". European Journal of Endocrinology 153, n. 6 (dicembre 2005): 775–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/eje.1.02037.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Objective: The GH–IGF-1 axis is affected by oestrogen. Both endogenous and exogenous oestrogen facilitates the central drive of pulsatile GH secretion. However, the effect on IGF-1 levels is more subtle, and a reduction in GH sensitivity has been proposed. The IGF generation test has confirmed reduced GH sensitivity with high doses of exogenous oestrogen. It is not known, however, whether fluctuant levels of endogenous oestrogen modify GH sensitivity. To investigate this further, women were challenged with the IGF-1 generation test at different stages of the menstrual cycle. Methods: Nine women (age 38(6) years (mean (s.d.)) with regular menstrual cycles were recruited. An IGF-1 generation test, s.c. injection of 7 mg GH, was performed in the early-follicular (EF), periovulatory (PO) and midluteal (ML) phases. IGF-1, insulin-like growth factor binding protein (IGFBP)-3 and acid-labile subunit (ALS) levels were measured at baseline and 24 h after GH administration. Results: Oestradiol levels were lower in the EF than PO or ML phases (32.6(7.8) vs 69.6(16.2) vs 66.6(23.6) pg/ml respectively (repeated measures ANOVA, P < 0.001)). Baseline IGF-1 was lower, but increment IGF-1 (peak minus baseline) was higher in the EF than PO or ML phases (baseline: 291.8(56.6) vs 335.0(55.2) vs 346.6(78.2) ng/ml (P = 0.008); increment IGF-1: 234.6(59.2) vs 194.7(37.8) vs 185.2(37.3) ng/ml (P = 0.008)). Conclusions: Increased endogenous oestrogen levels are associated with only a modestly elevated baseline IGF-1 from midcycle onward despite a previously reported twofold increase in GH secretion. In parallel with this apparent GH insensitivity, increased endogenous oestrogen levels are associated with reduction in GH sensitivity evidenced by reduction in increment IGF-1. This may have clinical implications for women with isolated GH deficiency with regular menstrual cycles on a fixed dose of GH. This possibility requires further study.
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Lane, Tim, Jess Jones, Brett Ostby e Robert Butler. "Long-term monitoring of two endangered freshwater mussels (Bivalvia: Unionidae) reveals how demographic vital rates are influenced by species life history traits". PLOS ONE 16, n. 8 (27 agosto 2021): e0256279. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0256279.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
To meet monitoring and recovery planning needs, demographic vital rates of two endangered freshwater mussels (Bivalvia: Unionidae)—the Cumberlandian Combshell (Epioblasma brevidens, Lea 1831) and Oyster Mussel (Epioblasma capsaeformis, Lea 1834), species endemic to the Tennessee and Cumberland river basins, U.S.A—were estimated and compared using census methodologies. Annual variation in population density and size, recruitment rate, mortality rate, sex ratios, and female fecundity of both species were observed from 2004–2014 at three fixed sites, spanning a 33.8 kilometer (KM) reach of the Clinch River, Hancock County, Tennessee. Mean population size of E. brevidens estimated from 11 censuses was 2,598 individuals at Swan Island (KM 277.1), 8,744 at Frost Ford (KM 291.8), and 879 at Wallen Bend (KM 309.6); collectively, these demes grew at an annual rate of 7% over the study period. Mean population size of E. capsaeformis was 7,846 individuals at Swan Island, 265,442 at Frost Ford, and 11,704 at Wallen Bend; collectively, these demes grew at an annual rate of 6%. Population size, variability in population growth, recruitment, and mortality of the shorter-lived E. capsaeformis (maximum age = 16 yrs, rarely >10 yrs) were higher than those of the longer-lived E. brevidens (maximum age = 25 yrs). Stream discharge was associated with realized per-capita population growth rate for both species when juvenile (Ages 1–3) data was included. Linear regression analysis showed that the growth rate of E. brevidens was negatively associated with median annual discharge (p = 0.0274) and that growth rate of E. capsaeformis was negatively associated with the number of days having extreme high discharge preceding a census (p = 0.0381). Fecundity of female E. brevidens averaged 34,947 (SE = 2,492) glochidia and ranged from 18,987 to 56,151, whereas fecundity of female E. capsaeformis averaged 9,558 (SE = 603) glochidia and ranged from 3,456 to 22,182. Estimated vital rates indicated that the two species are characterized by different life-history strategies, with E. brevidens exhibiting a periodic strategy (between K- and r-selected) and E. capsaeformis an opportunistic strategy (r-selected). These life history strategies are likely influenced by each species’ longevity and habitat preference, in addition to the life histories and population dynamics of their primary fish hosts.
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Rahman, Mahfuzur, e Frank J. Louws. "Epidemiological Significance of Crown Rot in the Fruiting Field in Relation to Colletotrichum gloeosporioides Infection of Strawberry Nursery Plants". Plant Disease 101, n. 6 (giugno 2017): 907–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-06-16-0802-re.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Anthracnose crown rot (ACR), caused by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, is a serious disease of strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa) in the southeastern United States, and there is a need to determine the link between nursery and fruiting-field disease risk. A 2-year study in 2007, repeated in 2008, was conducted at the North Carolina State University Horticultural Crops Research Station, Clinton, using ‘Chandler’, the most popular cultivar in North Carolina and one that is highly susceptible to ACR. Mother plants in a summer nursery were inoculated midseason with three pathogenic strains of C. gloeosporioides at an incidence level of 0, 5, 10, or 25%. Asymptomatic runner plants were selected at maturity (85 to 88 days after inoculation) from the nursery in early to mid-October from within a 0.5-m (inner) or 0.5- to 1.0-m (outer) radius around inoculated mother plants and planted into a plasticulture fruiting field system, with fruit harvest in April to June the following spring. Plants collected from the 25%-inner treatment had the greatest area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC) values, with a terminal ACR-related plant mortality of 32 and 20% by the end of fruit harvest and marketable yield losses of 30.5 and 30.2% in 2007–08 (Yr1) and 2008–09 (Yr2) seasons, respectively. All treatments increased AUDPC values compared with noninoculated treatments except the 10%-outer (O) and 5%-O treatments in Yr1 and Yr2, respectively. Marketable yield decreased 291.6 kg/ha for every percent increase in inoculum level (i.e., 0 to 25%, R2 = 0.696, P = 0.001). Levels of quiescent infection (QI) incidence (percentage of sampled leaves) assessed 25 to 28 days before digging runner plants also directly affected yield. For example, yield decreased 131.0 kg/ha for every percent increase in QI incidence in mother plants (R2 = 0.744, P = 0.001). Immersion of plants in fungicide solutions prior to planting decreased AUDPC values and improved plant stand by 7 to 11% but did not affect marketable yield compared with controls. This study provides results that can enable nursery and fruit growers to assess risk and implement mitigation measures to limit nursery plant and fruit yield losses.
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Schomberg, Anna C., Klaus Wemmer, Laurence N. Warr e Georg H. Grathoff. "K–Ar age determinations on the fine fractions of clay mineral ‘Crystallinity Index Standards’ from the Palaeozoic mudrocks of southwest England". Clay Minerals 54, n. 1 (marzo 2019): 15–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/clm.2019.3.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
AbstractClay mineral ‘Crystallinity Index Standards’ (CIS) composed of Palaeozoic mudrocks from southwest England were investigated systematically in five sub-fractions per sample for the first time. X-ray diffraction was used to determine mineral assemblages, calibrated 001 illite full-width-at-half-maximum (FWHM) values and illite polytype compositions, in addition to K–Ar isotopic analyses of all fine fractions. The FWHM results of the <2 µm fraction are consistent with previous studies and reflect the range of diagenetic to epizonal grades covered by the sample set SW1 to SW7 (~0.61–0.26°2θ). Diagenetic and lower anchizone samples also show significant broadening of 001 illite reflections in the finer fractions and contain mixtures of authigenic 1M + 1Md illite and detrital 2M1 white mica polytypes suitable for illite age analysis. The estimated end-member ages of the Bude (SW1-1992) and younger Crackington (SW3-2000) mudstones yield detrital ages of Late Cambrian to Middle Ordovician (493–457 Ma) and a broad range of 1M + 1Md illite ages between Middle Permian and Early Jurassic (271–190 Ma). The detrital age of the stratigraphically older Crackington Formation mudrock (SW2-1992) is Late Devonian (384–364 Ma) with 1M + 1Md illite ages between Late Triassic and Early Jurassic (219–176 Ma). The origin of Mesozoic 1M + 1Md illite ages may represent neocrystallized illite associated with Mesozoic hydrothermal events or similar events that thermally reset older authigenic illite with partial loss of radiogenic argon and no renewed crystal growth. In contrast, upper anchizonal and epizonal Devonian slates (SW3-2012, SW4-1992, SW6-1992 and SW7-2012) contain only the 2M1 polytype, with K–Ar ages younger than the stratigraphic age. The three finest fractions of SW4-1992 yield consistent Late Carboniferous ages (331–304 ± 7 Ma) that are considered to date the neocrystallized 2M1 mica. Most fractions of epizonal slate (SW6-1992, SW7-2012) yield Early Permian ages (293.6–273 Ma) corresponding to published cooling ages of the Tintagel High-Strain Zone and the intrusion of the Bodmin granite (291.4 ± 0.8 Ma). These first K–Ar age constraints for the fine fractions of the CIS should provide useful reference values for testing analytical procedures of illite age analysis.
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Lin, E. H., M. Hassan, Y. Li, H. Zhao, A. Nooka, K. Xie, R. Champlin, X. Wu e D. Li. "Elevated stem cell marker CD133 mRNA in peripheral blood predicts colon cancer recurrence". Journal of Clinical Oncology 25, n. 18_suppl (20 giugno 2007): 10504. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2007.25.18_suppl.10504.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
10504 Background: CD133 is a specific stem cell marker that enriches cancer stem cells of many tumor types including colon cancer as well as circulating endothelial progenitors (CEP). CEP is vital in postnatal angiogenesis and elevated CEP is a proven favoable prognositic marker for heart disease but a potentially poor prognostic marker for cancer. We examined whether elevated CD133 mRNA expression levels in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) predict recurrence in colon cancer patients. Methods: We developed and validated a semi-quantitative real-time RT-PCR to quantify CD133 mRNA levels relative to GADPH mRNA. Sixty-six colon cancer patients were enrolled between February 2002 and December 2003. The protocol excluded patients with history of cardiac disease or surgery < 4 weeks from the enrollment and were followed for recurrence for a median 30 months. A central statistician performed multivariate unconditional logistics regression analysis. Results: Among the patients without recurrence, 93% had a CD133 mRNA level < 4.79, whereas 7% had a CD133 mRNA value ≥ 4.79 (p = 0.029). Among patients with a CD133 mRNA value ≥ 4.79, 85% had experienced recurrence compared to 15% of the patient who had no recurrence (p = 0.03). Elevated CD133 mRNA levels at a cut-off point ≥ 4.79 versus < 4.79 were associated with an odd ratio of 22.6 for recurrence (95% CI, 1.7–291.2; p = 0.02); in comparison, the odds ratio for recurrence was 17.2 (95% CI, 1.8–164; p = 0.01) for stage IV patients versus stage I-III patients. No other predictive variables for recurrence were identified including age, race, sex, tumor differentiation, smoking, and diabetes etc. We also observed an trend of association with elevated carcinoma embryonic antigen (CEA) levels (p = 0.03, one sided) and a decreased survival (p = 0.035, one sided) with elevated CD133 mRNA level at a cutoff point ≥ 4.79. Conclusions: Elevated CD133 mRNA levels at a cutoff ≥ 4.79 in PBMC predict colon cancer recurrence independent of stage IV disease. The current assay has certain advantages over flow cytometry for wider clinical application. CD133+ cells measured by CD133 mRNA may contain both CEP and cancer stem cells, leading to increased risks of recurrence. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
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Kheder, Mouhammad, Farhad Ravandi, Hagop Kantarjian, Jorge E. Cortes, Susan O'Brien, Deborah A. Thomas e Stefan Faderl. "Higher Bone Marrow Lymphocyte Percentage 3 to 6 Month After Therapy with Hypercvad + Dasatinib Than That with Hypercvad + Imatinib or Hypercvad Alone In Patients with Philadelphia Chromosome Positive Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia". Blood 116, n. 21 (19 novembre 2010): 4336. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v116.21.4336.4336.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Abstract Abstract 4336 Background: Recent reports have suggested that aside from the tyrosine kinase inhibitory effect, dasatinib also promotes a clonal expansion of cytotoxic T-cells in patients with Philadelphia-chromosome positive (Ph+) leukemias. We sought to determine whether there is an absolute lymphocytosis in patients with Ph+ Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia (ALL) treated at our institution on 3 consecutive protocols. Method: We collected data on 122 patients with Ph+ ALL treated with 3 different regimens (hyperCVAD, hyperCVAD + imatinib, and hyperCVAD + dasatinib) from 1994 to 2010, who achieved a complete hematological response (CHR). We examined potential differences between the absolute numbers lymphocytes in peripheral blood (PB) and percentage lymphocytes in bone marrow (BM) at 3 stages: pretreatment, at CHR, and 3–6 months after CHR. Result: Thirty four (28%) patients received hyperCVAD, 43 (35%) hyperCVAD + imatinib, and 45 (37%) hyperCVAD + dasatinib. Twenty five (74%) of patients treated with hyperCVAD, 14 (33%) of patients treated with hyperCVAD + imatinib, and 5 (11%) of patients treated with hyperCVAD + dasatinib have relapsed on these sequential studies. The median PB absolute lymphocyte count for the 3 groups are as follow: Pretreatment: hyperCVAD: 3570.5/uL, hyperCVAD + imatinib: 2262/uL, hyperCVAD + dasatinib: 2376/uL (p = 0.1); at CR: hyperCVAD: 291.5/uL, hyperCVAD + imatinib: 168/uL, hyperCVAD + dasatinib: 239/uL (p = 0.3); 3 to 6 months after CR: hyperCVAD: 485/uL, hyperCVAD + imatinib: 450/uL, hyperCVAD + dasatinib: 632.5/uL (p = 0.26). The median BM lymphocyte percentages are as follow: Pretreatment: hyperCVAD: 3%, hyperCVAD + imatinib: 6%, hyperCVAD + dasatinib: 5% (p = 0.5). CHR: hyperCVAD: 6%, hyperCVAD + imatinib: 4%, hyperCVAD + dasatinib: 4% (p = 0.4). Three to 6 months after CHR: hyperCVAD: 5%, hyperCVAD + imatinib: 3%, hyperCVAD + dasatinib: 7% (p = 0.005). We then divided all patients by their 3 to 6 month BM lymphocyte percentages to 3 groups (< 3%, 3–6%, >6%). There was no difference in remission-free survival for these 3 groups (p=0.76)(Figure 1) Conclusion: Patients who received hyperCVAD + dasatinib had a statistically significant higher BM lymphocyte percentages, 3 to 6 month after achieving CHR than patients treated with the imatinib-containing regimen or chemotherapy alone. Whether this is a clonal population of effector T-cells and whether it plays an important role on the activity of dasatinib compared to imatinib or chemotherapy alone will need to be further investigated. Disclosures: Ravandi: Novartis: Honoraria, Speakers Bureau; Bristol- Myere- Squibb: Honoraria, Research Funding. Kantarjian:BMS, Pfizer and Novartis: Research Funding; Novartis: Consultancy. Cortes:Bristol Myers Squibb: Research Funding; Novartis: Research Funding; Pfizer: Consultancy, Research Funding. O'Brien:Novartis: Research Funding; BMS: Research Funding. Thomas:Novartis: Honoraria; Bristol-Meyer-Squibb: Honoraria; Amgen: Research Funding.
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Qingwu, Qin, Chen Xi, Feng Juntao, Qin Ling e Hu Chengping. "Low-intensity aerobic exercise training attenuates airway inflammation and remodeling in a rat model of steroid-resistant asthma". Chinese Medical Journal 127, n. 17 (5 settembre 2014): 3058–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.issn.0366-6999.20141268.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Background Aerobic exercise can improve symptoms, reduce airway inflammation, and even ameliorate airway remodeling in asthmatic animals and patients. However, previous studies have focused mainly on the effect of aerobic exercise on steroid-sensitive asthma (SSA). The goals of this study were to determine the effect of low-intensity aerobic exercise training on airway hyperresponsiveness, inflammation, and remodeling in a rat model of steroid-resistant asthma (SRA) and to identify the potential mechanisms underlying these effects. Methods Endotoxin-free ovalbumin with or without lipopolysaccharide were applied to establish rat models of SRA and SSA, respectively. Airway hyperresponsiveness, inflammation, remodeling, expression of interleukin (IL)-25, IL-33, thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP), high mobility group box-1 (HMGB1), and IL-17 in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), and the role of dexamethasone (DXM) were compared between these two asthmatic rat models. The effect of low-intensity aerobic exercise training and anti-HMGB1 treatment on airway hyperresponsiveness, inflammation, and remodeling in SRA rats also was evaluated. Results SRA rats developed neutrophil-dominated airway inflammation ((29.5±4.1)% of the total cell numbers in BALF), whereas SSA rats developed eosinophil-dominated airway inflammation ((24.0±6.1)% of the total cell numbers in BALF). Compared with SSA rats, SRA rats had more severe airway hyperresponsiveness, lower levels of IL-25 ((33.6±10.3) vs. (104.8±24.9) pg/ml), IL-33 ((87.5±25.0) vs. (226.6±40.7) pg/ml), and TSLP ((1 933.2±899.5) vs. (7 224.0±992.1) pg/ml), and higher levels of HMGB1 ((21.2±4.5) vs. (5.4±1.6) ng/ml) and IL-17 ((780.5±261.7) vs. (291.4±76.4) pg/ml) in BALF (all P <0.05). However, there was no significant difference in goblet cell hyperplasia, subepithelial collagen thickness, and airway smooth muscle remodeling between the two groups. Compared with control SSA rats, airway hyperresponsiveness, inflammation, and remodeling in SRA rats were less sensitive to DXM treatment. Anti-HMGB1 treatment attenuated airway hyperresponsiveness, inflammation, and remodeling in SRA rats to a certain extent and was accompanied by lower levels of IL-17 ((369.2±126.7) vs. (780.5±261.7) pg/ml in control SRA rats) in BALF (P <0.05). Low-intensity aerobic exercise training decreased the expression of both HMGB1 ((14.1±2.9) vs. (21.2±4.5) ng/ml in control SRA rats) and IL-17 ((545.3±148.6) vs. (780.5±261.7) pg/ml in control SRA rats) in BALF (all P <0.05) and was accompanied by improved airway hyperresponsiveness, inflammation, and remodeling in SRA rats (all P <0.05). Conclusions Low-intensity aerobic exercise training attenuated airway hyperresponsiveness, inflammation, and remodeling in a rat model of SRA. Decreased HMGB1 and IL-17 levels in BALF by aerobic exercise training at least partly contributed to the improvements of SRA.
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Vanaga, A., I. Sematovica e O. Ponomarjova. "223 Multiple ovulation and embryo harvest in relation to energy balance in Latvian native cow breeds". Reproduction, Fertility and Development 32, n. 2 (2020): 239. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rdv32n2ab223.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The numbers of animals of two Latvian native cow breeds are very limited because almost all cows intended to be donor cows were used to acquire embryos. Most of these cows were kept on small private farms by local farmers. Many were at an advanced age and did not meet the necessary requirements to be a good embryo donor. Multiple ovulation and embryo transfer (MOET) was restarted after an interruption of more than 35 years in Latvia. The new team was educated to improve saving of these breeds using MOET in the frame of ERAF project no. 1.1.1.1/16/A/025. Energy balance (EB) and metabolic status affect ovarian function and oocyte quality, and impair early embryo development as well as endometrium and udder health. The aim of this study was to investigate success of multiple ovulation (MO), total (ToE) and transferable (TE) embryo harvest in the Latvian native breed donor cows in relation to EB and somatic cell count (SCC) in milk. MO was induced using FSH in 21 cows included in this study. Cows were 6.4±3.26 years (average±s.d.; range: 2.3 to 15 years), in 4.1±2.45 lactation (range: 1 to 10 lactations), and body condition score (BCS) was in the range from 1.5 to 4.5 (5-point scale). Blood samples were taken on Day 7 after AI. The level of glucose (Glc), β-hydroxybutyric acid (BHB), and triglycerides (TG) in blood and the SSC in milk were determined using Agricultural Data Center information. Means, standard deviations, 2 independent samples t-test, Mann-Whitney test, and bivariate correlations (two-tailed) were calculated using SPSS-21 (SPSS Inc./IBM Corp.). MO was successful in 16 cows and unsuccessful in 5 cows; the main differences were for BHB in blood (0.62±0.25 and 1.1±0.50mM, respectively) and SCC (673.2±1272.71 and 958.3±1329.66 ×103 cellsmL−1 respectively; P<0.05). No significant differences within groups were found regarding Glc (3.1±0.57 and 2.9±0.48mM, respectively) and TG (0.19±0.06 and 0.18±0.06mM, respectively) relative to success of MO (P>0.05) in our study. The ToE and TE harvested depended on success of MO (r=0.51 and r=0.39; P<0.05). In total, 9.7±6.5 embryos from cow were acquired, but 6.5±5.05 embryos were TE. The count of ToE was negatively correlated with TG in blood (r=−0.27; P<0.05). The ToE and TE count were significantly negatively correlated with SCC in milk (r=−21 and r=−0.32, respectively; P<0.05). Donor cows that produced TE had less SCC in milk compared with those that produced non-transferable embryos (291.8±288.11 and 917.6±1631.41 ×103 cellsmL−1, respectively) and higher BCS (2.8±0.84 and 2.1±0.37 points, respectively; P<0.05). SCC in milk could be one of the parameters to reject cows as embryo donors.
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Sakhatsky, M., e Yu Osadcha. "Realization of hens’ potential productivity under the influence of group size". Animal Biology 23, n. 4 (dicembre 2021): 8–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/animbiol23.04.008.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The parameters of the group size of laying hens of the industrial herd in cages are not provided by current domestic standards, and according to the recommendations of the cross developer should be at least 7 birds, although in practice they reach 100 birds, so they need to be clarified when using 12-tier cage batteries. The aim of the research was to study the influence of the group size of hens on their productivity with the same density of laying hens in similar cages by design. To do this, in a modern complex for the production of eggs we formed 4 groups of hens, each of which was kept in a separate poultry house-analogue in area and equipment, equipped with 12-tier cage batteries, the size of the cages in which differed. The hens’ group in each cage of the 1st group contained 93 birds, the 2nd group — 52 birds, the 3rd — 17 birds and 4th — 9 birds. It was found that the maximum realization of laying hens productivity of modern white-egg crosses during their keeping in cages of 12-tier cage batteries was observed for the 52–93 hens’ groups which allows for a 44-week period of use to receive an additional 13.3–48.2 million eggs from each poultry house (4.5–16.5 thousand eggs per 1 m2 of its area) compared to the group size 9 hens, at the highest level of the European coefficient of efficiency of their production by 1.6–2.8 units. It is shown that the group size 17 hens is insufficient for the formation of a strategy of social tolerance in hens and is accompanied by stressful conditions, which are manifested in a decrease in the preservation by 1.7–2.1%, body weight — by 2.6–3.4 %, laying on the initial laying hen — by 3.9–8.4% and on the average laying hen — by 4.3–4.4%, as well as a reduction in feed costs by 1.5–1.6%, which leads to a decrease in gross output eggs by 4.4–39.3 million eggs and egg mass — by 291.9–2508.6 tons from each poultry house, including 1.5–13.5 thousand eggs and 100.1–860.6 kg per 1 m2 of its area, reducing the yield of egg mass per initial laying hen by 0.7–1.5 kg with a decrease in the level of the European coefficient of efficiency of egg production by 1.0–2.2 units. While the keeping of laying hens in groups of 9 hens causes the development of chronic stress through the formation of a system of stable hierarchy and possible despotic behavior, the consequences of which are a decrease in preservation by 4.4–6.5%, body weight — by 2.1-5.4%, egg production at the primary — by 2, 8–11.0% and for the average laying — by 3.8–8.0%, as well as a decrease in feed costs by 2.0–3.6%, which causes a decrease in the gross yield of eggs by 8.9–48, 2 million eggs and egg mass — by 552.0–3060.5 tons from each poultry house, including 3.0–16.5 thousand eggs and 189.4–1050.0 kg from 1 m2 of its area, reduction of egg yield per initial laying hen by 0.4–1.9 kg with a decrease in the level of the European coefficient of egg production efficiency by 0.6–2.8 units.
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Alhan, Canan, Theresia M. Westers, Corien Eeltink, Claudia Cali, Gert J. Ossenkoppele e Arjan A. Van de Loosdrecht. "Flow Cytometric Score Correlates with Clinical Response to Azacitidine In Intermediate-2 and High Risk Myelodysplastic Syndrome Patients". Blood 116, n. 21 (19 novembre 2010): 441. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v116.21.441.441.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Abstract Abstract 441 New treatment strategies that potentially change the natural course of intermediate (int)-2 and high risk myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS), such as azacitidine, are emerging. Recently, we reported that flow cytometric analysis of bone marrow (BM) in low and int-1 risk MDS is instrumental to identify clinically relevant subgroups. (Westers et al, Blood 2010) Moreover, it was reported that a flow cytometric scoring system (FCSS) is predictive for worse outcome in MDS. (Wells et al, Blood 2003, van de Loosdrecht et al, Blood 2008) The FCSS is a scoring system that allows for a numerical display of immunophenotypic aberrancies in the (im)mature myelo-monocytic lineage. Scores are generated by enumerating abnormalities; e.g. high scores reflect a high number of aberrancies. The current study aimed to investigate the role of this flow cytometry-based scoring system to assess and monitor response to treatment in int-2 and high risk MDS patients treated with azacitidine. Bone marrow aspirates were analyzed by flow cytometry in 18 MDS patients who were treated with azacitidine. Aspirates were drawn before treatment and after every third cycle of azacitidine. Response to treatment was evaluated using IWG-2006 criteria. The median age was 71 (range 50–78). Distribution over WHO 2001 categories was RCMD-RS n=2, RAEB-2 n=7, AML with 20–30% blasts n=6 and MDS/MPD n=3. International prognostic scoring system (IPSS) categories comprised int-2 n=8 and high n=5. In 5 patients the IPSS score could not be assessed due to lack of cytogenetics, these patients were at least int-2 MDS patients. Flow cytometric follow up was available in 12 patients due to short follow up, i.e. in 4 responders, 4 progressive disease (PD) and 4 stable disease (SD) patients; 3 patients stopped due to non-hematologic toxicity, 4 patients died of PD. Median follow up was 7 months (range 3–12). Median pre-treatment Hb was 6.7 mmol/L, platelets 35.5*10e9/L and absolute neutrophil count (ANC) 0.82*10e9/L. Responders had a significant increase in Hb (median 7.8 mmol/L, p=0.04), platelets (291.5 *10e9/L, p=0.03) and ANC (1.4*10e9/L, p=n.s. compared with baseline values). SD and PD patients had a median Hb of 6.5 mmol/L, platelets 69*10e9/L and ANC 0.77*10e9/L. The median pre-treatment flow score was 6 (range 3–8). Interestingly, responders had a significant decrease in flow score from median 5 to median 2 (range 1–3, p=0.005) after 3 months of treatment. No change in flow scores was seen in PD and SD patients after 3 months of treatment (median=6, range 4–8 and pre-treatment FCSS median=6.5, range 3–8). A sustained decrease in flow score was seen in 4 responders after 6 months of treatment (median 2, range 1–3) parallel to a further increase in median Hb (9.0 mmol/L), platelets (278.5 *10e9/L) and ANC (1.7*10e9/L). After 9 cycles of azacitidine, 3 patients were still responsive to treatment (median Hb 9.9 mml/L, platelets 169, ANC 4.07, median flow score 5, range 2–4). The majority of SD and PD MDS patients had aberrant marker expression on myeloid progenitors, such as CD5, CD7 and/or CD56 compared with responsive MDS patients, (63% (5/8) vs 25% (1/4). Moreover, initial loss of aberrant marker expression on myeloid progenitors was detected in one patient who responded to azacitidine treatment. At 9 months, this initially responsive patient and a patient from the stable disease group developed progressive disease. Interestingly, the initially responsive patient showed an increase in the percentage of myeloid progenitors with an aberrant immunophenotype at 6 months; of note, the total percentage of CD34+ cells was less than 3% by flow cytometry. The initial loss of aberrant marker expression on myeloid progenitors might be caused by a relative increase of normal progenitors and decrease of malignant progenitors caused by azacitidine treatment. In conclusion, our data indicate that flow cytometry identifies MDS patients who may benefit from azacitidine treatment by detection of aberrant marker expression on myeloid progenitors. Moreover, the data indicate that the FCSS may be instrumental in selection of SD patients who may benefit from prolonged treatment with azacitidine. Disclosures: Ossenkoppele: Celgene: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding. Van de Loosdrecht:Celgene: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding.
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Athale, Uma H., Helen HM Atkinson, Abha Athale, Trishana Nayiager e Anthony Chan. "Effect of Asparaginase and Dexamethasone on FVIIa-at Complex and F1.2 in Children with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: Evidence of Hypercoagulable State". Blood 126, n. 23 (3 dicembre 2015): 3552. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v126.23.3552.3552.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Abstract Purpose: Concomitant administration of asparaginase (ASP) and steroids, the backbone of front line acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) therapy, are shown to increase the risk of thromboembolism (TE). On Dana-Farber Cancer Institute (DFCI) ALL Consortium studies TE is frequent during ASP intensification phase (Consolidation II) where pulse steroids are administered for 5 days at commencement of 3-week multiagent chemotherapy cycles (Grace et al, 2011). These observations indicate that combination therapy with ASP and steroids leads to a hypercoagulable state. However, there are no in vivo or in vitro data to support these clinical observations. Hence we undertook a study to evaluate the impact of concomitant administration of ASP and steroids on markers of endogenous thrombin generation namely prothrombin activation fragment 1.2 (F1.2) and, activated coagulation factor VII (FVIIa) and antithrombin (AT) complex (FVIIa-AT). Hypothesis: ASP administered with steroids results in increased levels of endogenous thrombin generation when compared to baseline or with ASP only therapy. Methods: Children (>1 to ≤18 yrs. of age) treated according to DFCI ALL 05-001 therapy protocol who are in remission following consolidation I therapy, without prior TE or ASP allergy, were eligible. Blood samples collected at 3 time points: prior to the first post-induction dose of E. Coli ASP ("baseline"), prior to Week 2 therapy (effects of ASP and Dex therapy) and prior to subsequent Week 1 (effect of ASP only) of three week cycle of Consolidation II therapy, were analyzed for F1.2 and FVIIa-AT complex. F1.2 levels were estimated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). FVIIa-AT levels were analyzed using the Asserachrome FVIIa-AT ELISA kits (Diagnostica Stago). Baseline parameters [time point (TP) 1] were compared to parameters after ASP and Dex (TP2), and after ASP only (TP3) therapy, using paired t-tests. Pearson correlation was used to evaluate the relationship between FVIIa-AT complex and F1.2. Results: This exploratory study included 9 patients (7 boys; 2 with high-risk ALL). The average age was 4.7 yrs. (range 1 to 8 yrs.). All patients received weekly E. Coli ASP during Consolidation II phase. As shown in Table 1, compared to baseline both F1.2 and FVIIa-AT complex levels were significantly increased at TP2 (ASP and Dex) and TP3 (ASP alone). In all but one patient the FVIIa-AT levels were higher following Dex therapy (TP2) compared to ASP alone (TP3). However this difference was not statistically significant [mean difference 83.4 (SD152.1), 95% CI -33.5, 200.4; p=0.138]. Similarly F1.2 levels were higher at TP2 compared to TP3 in all but 2 patients, but the difference was not statistically significant [mean difference -5.9 (SD 38.2), 95% CI-35.2, 23.4; p=0.656]. Following ASP alone therapy F1.2 and FVIIa-AT were significantly correlated (Pearson correlation coefficient 0.716, p=0.046). Conclusions: E. Coli ASP and Dex therapy is associated with significantly increased levels of F1.2 and FVIIa-AT levels compared to baseline, indicating activation of the coagulation cascade with increased endogenous thrombin generation. In the majority of patients combination of ASP and Dex had increased levels of F1.2 and FVIIa-AT compared to ASP alone therapy. However as a group this comparison was statistically insignificant. This may explain the increased risk of TE with concomitant ASP and Dex therapy as in Consolidation II phase on DFCI ALL therapy protocol. Small sample size is a limitation of our study. Hence we recommend a larger study to confirm our findings. Table 1. Variable TP1 Mean(SD) TP2 Mean (SD) Mean Difference TP1/TP2 (SD)[95% CI] P value TP3 Mean (SD) Mean Difference TP1/TP3 (SD)[95% CI] P value FVIIa-AT (pmol/L) 77.4 (25.7) 296.4 (132.3) -291.0 (133.9)[-322.0,-116.0] 0.001 213.0 (131.4) -135.6 (117.6)[-226.0, -45.1] 0.009 F1.2 (nmol/L) 110.7 (45.9) 153.0 (78.8) -42.3 (50.4) [-81.1,-3.6] 0.036 158.9 (80.4) -48.2 (61.3)[-95.3,-1.1] 0.046 Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
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Lehne, Moritz, Lennart Hickstein, Tayyab Salimullah, Jun Su, Sigurd Prieur e Simu K. Thomas. "Costs of Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation (HSCT) in Pediatric Patients with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) - an Analysis of German Claims Data". Blood 128, n. 22 (2 dicembre 2016): 5932. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v128.22.5932.5932.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Abstract Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is a possible treatment option for pediatric patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Typical patient groups eligible for HSCT are high-risk patients, refractory patients or patients with a relapse after initial chemotherapy treatment. Despite constituting a potentially curative treatment for pediatric ALL patients, HSCT is a complicated procedure that requires extensive medical care and can result in life-threatening complications. Furthermore, HSCTs are associated with significant costs, not only related to the procedure itself but also to follow-up medical care. The aim of this study is to provide estimates of health care expenditures for pediatric patients with ALL undergoing allogeneic HSCT in Germany. Costs are considered from the perspective of the German statutory health insurance (i.e. from a payers' perspective). In a retrospective observational study based on German claims data, health care expenses for allogeneic HSCTs in pediatric ALL patients were investigated. As a data source, we used the German Health Risk Institute (HRI) database - a representative database including approximately 7 million patient journeys over a continuous observation period of 6 years. The study population comprised pediatric patients (< 18 years) with an HSCT procedure between January 1, 2010 and June 30, 2014 and a diagnosis of ALL (ICD-10 code: C91.0*) in the same hospital case as the HSCT. Costs were analyzed for a time interval reaching from 2 quarters prior to the HSCT to 8 quarters after the HSCT (the analysis was done in quarters because outpatient diagnoses in German claims data are documented on a quarterly basis). The following health care costs were considered in the analysis: (1) costs for prescription medication, (2) outpatient treatment costs, (3) inpatient treatment costs, (4) costs for remedies and technical aids (e.g. physiological or occupational therapy). Other expenses such as costs for over-the-counter medication, patient transport or costs associated with the stem cell donor were not included in the analysis. In addition, we analyzed the health resource utilization of patients (hospitalization days, outpatient visits). A total of 1,687 individuals with an HSCT procedure in the identification period (January 1, 2010 to June 30, 2014) were identified. Of these, 30 pediatric patients (12 female) with a diagnosis of ALL were included in the final study population. Mean age at the time of the HSCT was 9.3 years (SD: 5.3). Mortality in the 4 (8) quarters following the HSCT procedure was 10.0 % (13.3 %). The average number of hospitalization days per patient in the time period from 2 quarters before the HSCT to 8 quarters after the HSCT was 291.5 (SD: 166.78) with an average of 45.5 days (SD: 42.4) for emergency hospitalizations. A mean of 43.2 outpatient visits (SD: 22.1) was observed in this time period. Average total costs per patient from 2 quarters before the HSCT to 8 quarters after the HSCT were € 290,125 (SD: 110,381) ranging from € 149,933 to € 597,774 €. The largest proportion of these costs were incurred in the hospital sector, followed by costs for medication and ambulatory treatment (see Table 1). Total costs per patient were highest in the index quarter with the HSCT procedure (€ 133,585). However, substantial costs were also observed in the quarters before and after the HSCT with costs gradually decreasing in the quarters following the HSCT procedure (see Figure 1). Our results provide first estimates for HSCT treatment costs in pediatric ALL patients for different health care sectors from the perspective of the German statutory health insurance. Table 1 Costs per patient (in €) in the observation period (two quarters before the HSCT to eight quarters after the HSCT). Table 1. Costs per patient (in €) in the observation period (two quarters before the HSCT to eight quarters after the HSCT). Figure 1 Total costs per quarter of observation period (QO: index quarter with HSCT procedure). Figure 1. Total costs per quarter of observation period (QO: index quarter with HSCT procedure). Disclosures Lehne: Elsevier: Employment. Hickstein:Elsevier: Employment; Health Risk Institute: Employment. Salimullah:Novartis Pharma AG: Employment. Su:Biogen: Employment, Equity Ownership; Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation: Employment. Prieur:Elsevier: Employment. Thomas:Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation: Employment.
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Arlotto, T., D. Gerber, S. J. Terblanche e J. Larsen. "Birth of live calves by in vitro embryo production of slaughtered cows in a commercial herd in South Africa". Journal of the South African Veterinary Association 72, n. 2 (9 luglio 2001). http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/jsava.v72i2.620.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
In vitro fertilisation (IVF) has become a useful breeding tool in most of the developed world. In this paper the success of bovine IVF and the birth of live calves under typical South African conditions is reported. Oocytes for IVF were collected from the ovaries of 6 slaughtered Bovelder beef cows. On average, 36.2 oocytes per donor were retrieved. From these oocytes, 43 blastocysts were produced from 5 of the donors by IVF with frozen Bovelder semen. The best 11 of these embryos were transferred into oestrous, synchronised Bovelder recipients in the same herd. As a result, 7 calves were born (a 64 %calving rate) from 4 of the original donors. The calves had a normal birth mass, but the mean gestation length of the male calves was significantly longer than the herd average (291.6 versus 285.2 days respectively). No calving difficulties were encountered. In summary, it was shown that IVF for bovine embryo production and transfer is possible on a commercial basis in South Africa.
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Amstutz, Paul, Nathan C. Bahr, Karen Snyder e D. Matthew Shoemaker. "Pneumocystis jirovecii infections among COVID-19 Patients: A Case Series and Literature Review". Open Forum Infectious Diseases, 27 gennaio 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofad043.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Abstract Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PCP) is a serious, emerging complication of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). We describe six new cases of PCP/COVID-19 co-infection and performed a systematic review of published cases. Among our cases (n=6) and those in the literature (n=69) with available data, median age was 59 [IQR: 44-77, n=38] years, 72% (47/65) were male, and the mortality rate was 30.9% (21/68). Long-term corticosteroid use was noted in 45.1% (23/51), advanced human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection (defined as a CD4 count less than 200 cells per microliter (cells/mm 3 )) in 17.6% (9/51), and antineoplastic chemotherapy in 13.7% (7/51); consistent with known PCP risk factors. Notably, 56.7% (38/47) had verifiable risk factors for PCP (high-dose corticosteroids, immunosuppressive therapy, and HIV infection) prior to COVID-19 infection. A median absolute lymphocyte count of 0.61 x 103 cells/mm 3 [0.28-0.92, n=23] and a CD4 count 66 cells/mm3 [33-291.5, n=20] were also discovered among the study population. These findings suggest a need for greater attention to PCP risk factors among COVID-19 patients and consideration of PCP prophylaxis in these high-risk populations.
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Liu, Yonghong, Hauyan Li, Wenfeng Huang, Xinru Yang, Li Li, Fanling Kong e Hui Ding. "Quantifying the Coupling Relationship of Road Grade Impacting Heavy-Duty Diesel Truck Operation Emissions in a Mountainous City in China". Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, 15 maggio 2023, 036119812311700. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/03611981231170012.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
To reveal the complex impact of the road grade on heavy-duty diesel truck (HDDT) emissions, the dynamic coupling relationships among the road grade, vehicle operation, and emissions were quantified based on portable emission measurement system data from 24 HDDTs in Chongqing, China. The results showed that the average emission factors of nitrogen oxides (NO x) and carbon dioxide (CO2) of China IV HDDTs were the highest among all tested HDDTs, and NO x emissions often exceeded their corresponding standard limit values. Next, the coupling relationships of road grade, speed, and emissions were studied. Graded roads caused a 4%–44% decrease in the average vehicle speed, resulting in a coupling effect on emissions. For all pollutants and vehicle emission standards, the HDDT emissions on uphill roads were much higher, while those on downhill roads did not deteriorate significantly owing to the increased acceleration operation. Overall, ignoring the road grade led to estimation errors of between −99.14% and 291.30% for CO2 and between −99.21% and 247.73% for NO x. Speed was less correlated with emissions on downhill roads (≤−3%). For uphill roads (>0%), the joint effect of road grade and speed caused a significant increase in CO2 and NO x emissions up to 21.26 and 17.29 times compared to idling emissions. A Sigmoid function successfully modeled the coupling relationship (average R2 = 0.95), and grouped S-shaped mapping curves were revealed for between −8% and 7% road grade and emissions. The model can estimate the influence of road grades on emissions at different speeds, thus providing support for emission reduction control.
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Long, Tran T., Diaa El Ahmadie, Geoffrey Mainil, Amin Hossein, Virginie Meurant e Alexandre Almorad. "Abstract 18451: Point-of-Care Aid-to-Diagnosis for Heart Failure Using Artificial Intelligence Based on Seismocardiography Acquired With a Smartphone in the Emergency Department". Circulation 148, Suppl_1 (7 novembre 2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/circ.148.suppl_1.18451.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
BACKGROUND The number of new heart failure (HF) diagnoses in hospitals constantly increases. The associated clinical signs lead to a delay in treatment. Reliable and rapid diagnostic assistance is needed at earlier stages. Kinocardiography (KCG), based on Seismocardiography (SCG), allows the computation of non-invasive cardiac kinetic energy that is used to characterize the cardiac function and could detect HF among patients at risk. PURPOSE In a multi-centric study, test the performance of smartphone-based KCG recording in diagnosing HF in the emergency department (ED). METHODS Adult patients presenting with dyspnea in the ED were recruited. Relevant clinical characteristics were recorded. A blood sample was collected for NT-proBNP measurement, and a 180-sec KCG was acquired with a smartphone. The patient is supine on the back; the smartphone is placed on his chest to acquire the precordial vibrations due to the heartbeats. Cardiac kinetic energy (CKE) metrics are derived from these vibrations, including diastolic gradient kinetic energy ( ΔiK diastolic ). The final HF diagnosis was assessed from the medical record at discharge from the ED. The primary outcome is the performance of an AI-based on CKE metrics at classifying HF, measured using metrics including the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC), negative predictive value (NPV), and specificity, with two-sided 95% CIs. RESULTS 375 patients were recruited; among these, 137 patients were diagnosed with HF (78 [70.2;85.7] years, 26.8 [23.4;29.6] kg/m 2 , 45.7% male, 4843.0 [3199;7845] pg/ml, 88 HFpEF, 17 HFmrEF, 37 HFrEF) and 243 without HF (65 [54;74] years, 27.9 [25.3;31.3] kg/m 2 , 50.2% male, 291.0 [71;803] pg/ml). ΔiK diastolic was significantly lower in patients with HF (0.37 [0.11;0.72] vs. 0.06 [-0.05;0.29] %, p<0.005). The AI approach resulted in an AUROC of 0.85 (0.80-0.89), sensitivity of 85.0% (74.2-90.3), and NPV of 79.0% (77·7-82·9). CONCLUSION This study shows that an AI system applied to SCG acquired during a 3-mins examination with a smartphone can detect HF among patients presenting dyspnea. These findings highlight the potential for a non-invasive, workflow-adapted, point-of-care, aid-to-diagnosis for earlier diagnosis.