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Orefice, V., F. Ceccarelli, C. Barbati, R. Lucchetti, G. Olivieri, E. Cipriano, F. Natalucci et al. "THU0227 CAFFEINE INTAKE MODULATES DISEASE ACTIVITY AND CYTOKINES LEVELS IN SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS PATIENTS". Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 79, Suppl 1 (giugno 2020): 340.2–341. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-eular.2100.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Background:Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease mainly affecting women of childbearing age. The interplay between genetic and environmental factors may contribute to disease pathogenesis1. At today, no robust data are available about the possible contribute of diet in SLE. Caffeine, one of the most widely consumed products in the world, seems to interact with multiple components of the immune system by acting as a non-specific phosphodiesterase inhibitor2.In vitrodose-dependent treatment with caffeine seems to down-regulate mRNA levels of key inflammation-related genes and similarly reduce levels of different pro-inflammatory cytokines3.Objectives:We evaluated the impact of caffeine consumption on SLE-related disease phenotype and activity, in terms of clinimetric assessment and cytokines levels.Methods:We performed a cross-sectional study, enrolling consecutive patients and reporting their clinical and laboratory data. Disease activity was assessed by SLE Disease Activity Index 2000 (SLEDAI-2k)4. Caffeine intake was evaluated by a 7-day food frequency questionnaire, including all the main sources of caffeine. As previously reported, patients were divided in four groups according to the daily caffeine intake: <29.1 mg/day (group 1), 29.2-153.7 mg/day (group 2), 153.8-376.5 mg/day (group 3) and >376.6 mg/day (group 4)5. At the end of questionnaire filling, blood samples were collected from each patient to assess cytokines levels. These were assessed by using a panel by Bio-Plex assays to measure the levels of IL-6, IL-10, IL-17, IL-27, IFN-γ, IFN-α and Blys.Results:We enrolled 89 SLE patients (F/M 87/2, median age 46 years, IQR 14; median disease duration 144 months, IQR 150). The median intake of caffeine was 195 mg/day (IQR 160.5). At the time of the enrollment, 8 patients (8.9%) referred a caffeine intake < 29.1 mg/day (group 1), 27 patients (30.3%) between 29.2 and 153.7 mg/day (group 2), 45 patients (51%) between 153.8 and 376.5 mg/day (group 3) and 9 patients (10.1%) >376.6 mg/day (group 4). A negative correlation between the levels of caffeine and disease activity, evaluated with SLEDAI-2K, was observed (p=0.01, r=-0.26). By comparing the four groups, a significant higher prevalence of lupus nephritis, neuropsychiatric involvement, haematological manifestations, hypocomplementemia and anti-dsDNA positivity was observed in patients with less intake of caffeine (figure 1 A-E). Furthermore, patients with less intake of caffeine showed a significant more frequent use of glucocorticoids [group 4: 22.2%,versusgroup 1 (50.0%, p=0.0001), group 2 (55.5%, p=0.0001), group 3 (40.0%, p=0.009)]. Moving on cytokines analysis, a negative correlation between daily caffeine consumption and serum level of IFNγ was found (p=0.03, r=-0.2) (figure 2A); furthermore, patients with more caffeine intake showed significant lower levels of IFNα (p=0.02, figure 2B), IL-17 (p=0.01, figure 2C) and IL-6 (p=0.003, figure 2D).Conclusion:This is the first report demonstrating the impact of caffeine on SLE disease activity status, as demonstrated by the inverse correlation between its intake and both SLEDAI-2k values and cytokines levels. Moreover, in our cohort, patients with less caffeine consumption seems to have a more severe disease phenotype, especially in terms of renal and neuropsychiatric involvement. Our results seem to suggest a possible immunoregulatory dose-dependent effect of caffeine, through the modulation of serum cytokine levels, as already suggested byin vitroanalysis.References:[1]Kaul et alNat. Rev. Dis. Prim.2016; 2. Aronsen et alEurop Joul of Pharm2014; 3. Iris et alClin Immun.2018; 4. Gladman et al J Rheumatol. 2002; 5. Mikuls et alArth Rheum2002Disclosure of Interests:Valeria Orefice: None declared, Fulvia Ceccarelli: None declared, cristiana barbati: None declared, Ramona Lucchetti: None declared, Giulio Olivieri: None declared, enrica cipriano: None declared, Francesco Natalucci: None declared, Carlo Perricone: None declared, Francesca Romana Spinelli Grant/research support from: Pfizer, Consultant of: Novartis, Gilead, Lilly, Sanofi, Celgene, Speakers bureau: Lilly, cristiano alessandri Grant/research support from: Pfizer, Guido Valesini: None declared, Fabrizio Conti Speakers bureau: BMS, Lilly, Abbvie, Pfizer, Sanofi
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Zhang, Peng, Hehe Wang, Pengcheng Xia, Xiaolei Chen, Wei Zhao, Chengqian Wang, Xiao Meng e Bin Jia. "Synthesis and Characterization of Negative-Tone Photosensitive Polyimides with Low Coefficient of Thermal Expansion for Packaging Applications". Polymers 16, n. 13 (26 giugno 2024): 1805. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym16131805.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Negative-tone photosensitive polyimides (PSPIs) with a low coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) were prepared by dissolving polyimide precursor-poly(amide ester) (PAE) resins, photoinitiators, photocrosslinkers and other additives in organic solvents. Using triamine as a monomer and dianhydride and diamine as polycondensates, tri-branched structure PAE resins with different molecular weights named PAE-1~5 were prepared. A series of corresponding PSPI films named PSPI-1~5 were prepared from PAE-1~5 resins with the same formulation, respectively. The PSPI-1~5 films prepared from resins of this structure have excellent mechanical, thermal and electrical properties after being thermally cured at 350 °C/2 h in nitrogen. The PSPI-1~5 films’ coating solution also show good photolithographic performance and are able to obtain photolithographic patterns with a resolution of about 10 μm after homogenization, exposure and development. Among the PSPI-1~5 films, PSPI-2 has the most excellent lithographic properties with a weight average molecular weight (Mw) of 2.9 × 104 g/mol, a CTE of 41 ppk/°C, a glass transition temperature (Tg) of 343 °C and a 5% weight loss temperature (Td5) of 520 °C, making it suitable for industrial scale-up. The mechanical properties of elongation at breakage of 42.4%, tensile moduli of 3.4 GPa and tensile strength of 153.7 MPa were also measured.
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Cahyono, Christian, e Loviandy Rusli. "Flood Mapping Potential Areas Using HEC-RAS Software (Case Study: Kota Lama of Semarang)". IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1324, n. 1 (1 aprile 2024): 012100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1324/1/012100.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Abstract Semarang has experienced floods every year, with a peak in the rainy season. At the end of 2022, there was heavy rain which caused the East Flood Canal River to overflow. As a result, the floods inundated several areas in Semarang City, including Kota Lama of Semarang. This study aims to determine the value of the designed discharge, the area of the flood inundation that occurred and the flood inundation map for return periods of 2, 5, 10, 25, 50 and 100 years. The methodology of this research consist of hydrological analysis, hydrological modelling with HEC-HMS and hydraulics modelling with HEC-RAS and integration with ArcGIS. In this study, it was found that for a return period of 2 years the planned flood discharge value was 153.7 m3/second with an inundation area of 406 Ha and a flood height of 17 cm to 68 cm, up to a return period of 100 years with a planned flood discharge value of 455.7 m3/second with an inundation area of 796 Ha and a flood height of 83 cm to 180 cm.
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Noor-ul-Ane, Muhammad, e Chuleui Jung. "Characterization of Cold Tolerance of Immature Stages of Small Hive Beetle (SHB) Aethina tumida Murray (Coleoptera: Nitidulidae)". Insects 12, n. 5 (16 maggio 2021): 459. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects12050459.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The small hive beetle (SHB) Aethina tumida Murray, (Coleoptera: Nitidulidae) is now a global invasive pest of honey bees, but its cold tolerance potential has not been yet explored. Therefore, we measured the supercooling point (SCP) of different stages of SHBs and also the impact of acclimation on their SCPs and survival as a measure for cold tolerance. Combinations of different temperatures (0, 3, 5, 7, and 10 ∘C) for different hours (1, 3, 5, 7, 12, 24, 35, and 48 h) were used to assess SHB survival. The supercooling points occurred at lower temperatures (−19.4 ∘C) in wandering larvae than in the other stages (pupae: −12.5 ∘C, and feeding larvae: −10.7 ∘C). A lethal temperature (LT50) of feeding larvae was achieved earlier at 4.9 ∘C after 7 h exposure than the wandering larvae (3.7 ∘C at 48 h) and pupae (5.6 ∘C at 48 h). The sum of injurious temperature (SIT) is the most suitable estimation to describe cold resistance of the SHB immatures. The wandering larvae were the most cold tolerant, followed by pupae and feeding larvae based on SIT values of −286.8, −153.7 and −28.7 DD, respectively, and also showed more phenotypic plasticity after acclimation than feeding larvae and slightly more than pupae. Our results show that all stages, i.e., feeding larvae, wandering larvae and pupae, are chill susceptible. However, these stages, especially wandering larvae and pupae, showed the capacity to acclimate to cold temperatures, which may help them to survive in winter for the continuity of the SHB population, especially in a scenario of climate change.
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Erickson, Steven R., Richard Slaughter e Henry Halapy. "Pharmacists' Ability to Influence Outcomes of Hypertension Therapy". Pharmacotherapy: The Journal of Human Pharmacology and Drug Therapy 17, n. 1 (2 gennaio 1997): 140–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.1875-9114.1997.tb03687.x.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
We measured the impact of pharmaceutical care on outcomes of antihypertensive therapy for patients with elevated baseline blood pressures who were attending an urban university‐affiliated internal medicine clinic. The intervention group received education about hypertension, drug and nondrug management, and assistance to enhance compliance. The pharmacist made recommendations to physicians regarding pharmacotherapy. The control group received no such education, and interventions relating to pharmacotherapy were only physician initiated. Over an average follow‐up of 5 months, significant decreases in mean blood pressures were noted for the intervention group from baseline to final assessment (156.5/144.5 mm Hg systolic, p=0.001; 91.6/86.9 mm Hg diastolic, p=0.01), with insignificant changes in mean pressures in the control group (153.7/151.0 mm Hg systolic, p=0.48; 90.4/87.8 mm Hg diastolic, p=0.29). Comparing the groups, the change in diastolic pressures was insignificant (4.7 vs 2.6 mm Hg intervention vs control, p=0.49), but the change in systolic pressure was more impressive (12.0 vs 2.7 mm Hg, respectively, p=0.05). There was no significant difference in SF‐36 Health Survey scores between groups. A significant decrease (p=0.03) in the SF‐36 physical functioning domain was seen in the intervention group, but no other significant changes in health‐related quality of life scores. Pharmaceutical care contributed to improved blood pressure control in these patients.
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van Hassel, Gaston, Sean C. S. Rivrud, Frank J. Timmerman, Peter van der Meer, Elke S. Hoendermis, Eryn T. Liem, Rolf M. F. Berger e Joost P. van Melle. "Iron deficiency in patients with a Fontan circulation and its impact on exercise capacity". Open Heart 11, n. 1 (giugno 2024): e002693. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/openhrt-2024-002693.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
BackgroundIron deficiency (ID) has been reported in patients with congenital heart disease. There is, however, a scarcity of data on its prevalence in patients with a Fontan circulation. The aim of this study is to investigate the prevalence of ID in Fontan patients and to investigate the association between ID and exercise capacity in this population.Methods and resultsBlood count and haematological parameters were determined in plasma of 61 Fontan patients (51% female, mean age 29±9 years). ID was defined as transferrin saturation (TSAT) ≤19.8%. The prevalence of ID was 36% (22/61 patients). Especially among women, the diagnosis of ID was highly prevalent (52%) despite normal haemoglobin levels (153.7±18.4 g/L). Mean ferritin levels were 98±80 µg/L and mean TSAT levels were 22%±12%. Cardiopulmonary exercise testing was performed in 46 patients (75%). Patients with ID had a lower peak oxygen uptake (V̇O2peak) (1397±477 vs 1692±530 mL/min; p=0.039), although this relationship was confounded by sex. The presence of ID increased the likelihood of not achieving a respiratory exchange ratio (RER) ≥1.1 by 5-fold (p=0.035).ConclusionID is highly prevalent among patients with a Fontan circulation. V̇O2peak is lower in patients with ID. Fontan patients with ID are less likely to achieve an RER≥1.1 during cardiopulmonary exercise testing.
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Nurbaeva, K., T. Reshetnyak, F. Cheldieva, M. Cherkasova, E. Samarkina e A. Lila. "AB0116 NEW INFLAMMATORY MARKERS IN SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS AND ANTIPHOSPHOLIPID SYNDROME". Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 81, Suppl 1 (23 maggio 2022): 1188.1–1189. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2022-eular.1331.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
BackgroundThromboinflammation is a pathological process that is associated with uncontrolled inflammation, leading to hypercoagulability and thrombotic complications. Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) are prototypical chronic thromboinflammatory diseases. Neutrophils are important cells in the development of systemic inflammation and thrombosis. Neutrophil reactivity (NEUT-RI), neutrophil granularity (NEUT-GI), immature granulocytes (IG), and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) are considered as inflammatory markers.ObjectivesTo determine the role of parameters of neutrophil activation (NEUT-RI, NEUT-GI), immature granulocytes (absolute (IG#), relative (IG%) counts), NLR, ESR in assessing inflammation in SLE, primary APS (PAPS), and SLE with APS.MethodsThe study included 80 patients and 40 healthy donors (HD). Patients were classified into three groups: Group 1 included 37 patients with SLE. The median age of patients with SLE was 34 years [28-43]. Group 2 included 20 patients with SLE+ APS (45 years [37-49]). Group 3 included 23 patients with PAPS (38 years [34,5-47,5]). Current disease activity was evaluated with SLEDAI-2K and adjusted GAPSS (aGAPSS).A complete blood count (WBC-white blood cell, NEUT#-absolute neutrophil count, NEUT-RI, NEUT-GI, IG%, IG count, NLR, thrombocytes, ESR-erythrocyte sedimentation rate) was performed with XN-1000 automated hematology analyzer (Sysmex, Japan).ResultsPatient characteristics are shown in Table 1. IG# and IG% levels were significantly increased in patients with SLE and SLE+APS compared to controls and PAPS. ESR levels was significantly higher in patients with SLE, SLE+APS, and PAPS compared to HD. There was no significant difference between NEUT-RI, NEUT-GI, NLR, fibrinogen and CRP levels in patients with SLE, SLE+APS, PAPS, and HD. The aGAPPS was positively correlated with the IG# (rs=0.46; р=0.028) and IG% levels (rs=0.49; р=0.017) in patients with PAPS. No correlation was found between the IG and SLEDAI 2K. The ESR was positively correlated with SLEDAI 2K in SLE patients (rs =0.54; р≤0.001).Table 1.Characteristics of patients with SLE, PAPS, SLE+APS, and healthy controls.ParametersM±SD, Me [25%; 75%], n (%)SLE (n=37)PAPS (n=23)SLE+APS (n=20)Healthy donors (n=40)pSLEDAI 2K7 [3.5-13]-4 [2-8]-р=0.03*Anti-dsDNA, IU/ml41.6 [13.6-101]-22.2 [10.7-69.9]-NSaCL IgG,n,%2 (5.4)16 (69.5)11 (55.0)-p<0.001*aCL IgM,n,%04 (19)1 (5)-P=0.034*aB2GP1 IgG,n,%2 (5.4)15 (65.2)11 (55.0)-p<0.001*aB2GP1 IgM,n,%1 (2.7)5 (21.7)1 (5)-P=0.053*LA positivity, n,%1 (2.7)15 (65.2)9 (45)-p<0.001*Triple positive,n, %-14 (60.8)7 (35)-NSWBC, 109/l5.1 [3.8-7]5.6 [4.7-6.7]6.4 [4.9-7.7]6.2 [5.3-6.9]NSThrombocytes, 109/l231 [201-300]223.5 [189.5-270]226 [168-278]251 [210-290]NSNEUT#,109/l2.89 [1.84-3.71]3.6 [2.71-4.4]3.3 [3.1-5]3.55 [2.9-4.4]NSNEUT-RI, FI45.5 [43.8-47.3]44.2 [43.1-45.9]45.1 [43.5-47.3]44.0 [42.7-46.2]NSNEUT-GI, SI155.6 [151.6-158.0]154.85 [153.7-156.1]154 [151.2-157.8]153.7 [150.2-155.7]NSNLR1.8 [1.3-2.5]2.1 [1.4-3.1]2.3 [1.6-2,8]1.9 [1.5-2.4]NSESR, mm/h13 [7-20]14 [6.5-18]16 [13-19]7 [4-11]p<0.001*IG#,109/l0.02 [0.01-0.07]0.01 [0.01-0.02]0.03 [0.02-0.05]0.01 [0.01-0.02],p=0.002*IG%0.4 [0.3-1.1]0.2 [0.2-0.4]0.4[0.3-0.7]0.2 [0.2-0.3]p<0.001*CRP, mg/l2.2 [0.6-3.8]1.15 [1-1.4]2.5 [1.7-6.3]-NSFibrinogen, g/l.3.15 [2.8-3.6]3.35 [2.84-3.76]3.21 [2.9-3.8]-NS*a statistically significant test result (p < 0.05); NS-not significant;FI- fluorescence intensity; SI- scatter intensity; fl- femtoliter.ConclusionPatients with SLE and SLE+APS had significantly higher levels of immature granulocytes than controls and PAPS patients. In PAPS, immature granulocytes were positively correlated with aGAPSS values.The study was performed at V.A. Nasonova Research Institute of Rheumatology within the framework of the fundamental research FURS-2022-003.Disclosure of InterestsNone declared
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Liu, Xianchen, John Thompson, Hemant Phatak, Jack Mardekian, Anthony R. Porcari e Margot R. Johnson. "Apixaban Reduces Hospitalization In Patients With Venous Thromboembolism: An Analysis Of The AMPLIFY-EXT Trial". Blood 122, n. 21 (15 novembre 2013): 3638. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v122.21.3638.3638.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Abstract Introduction Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is associated with a considerable risk for morbidity and recurrence and related hospitalizations. In the Apixaban after the Initial Management of Pulmonary Embolism and Deep Vein Thrombosis with First-Line Therapy-Extended Treatment (AMPLIFY-EXT) trial, a double-blind placebo-controlled trial with 12 months of treatment, two doses of apixaban (2.5 mg and 5 mg, twice daily) versus placebo significantly reduced symptomatic recurrent VTE or all-cause death without increasing the rate of major bleeding among 2,482 VTE patients who had completed 6-12 months of anticoagulation therapy. In this study, the effects of apixaban therapy versus placebo on medical hospitalization during AMPLIFY-EXT trial were evaluated. Methods A total of 2,477 patients who received study drugs were included in the analysis. All-cause hospitalizations during the trial were captured by dedicated case report forms. Outcomes of interest were; rate of hospitalizations and time from randomization to the first hospitalization. Patients were censored at either death, loss to follow-up, or end of study, whichever came first. Effects of treatment with apixaban versus placebo on the rates of hospitalization were assessed using Cox proportional hazards regression models. Results During a mean follow-up of 12.3 months, 138 patients were hospitalized at least once, 62 (7.5%/year) in the placebo group (n=826), 42 (4.8%/year) in the apixaban 2.5 mg group (n=840), and 34 (4.0%/year) in the apixaban 5 mg group (n=811). Compared with placebo, apixaban 2.5 mg [hazard ratio (HR) 0.65, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.44–0.96; p=0.030] and 5 mg (HR 0.54, 95%CI 0.36–0.83, p=0.004) were both associated with significant reduction in hospitalization. There was no significant difference in hospitalizations between the 2 doses of apixaban (5 mg vs. 2.5 mg: HR 0.84, 95%CI 0.53–1.32, p=0 .445). The mean time to first hospitalization was 153.7 days in the placebo group, 196.9 days in the apixaban 2.5 mg group, and 202.4 days in the apixaban 5 mg group (Figure). Conclusions Extended anticoagulation with apixaban at either a dose of 5 mg or 2.5 mg significantly reduced the risk of hospitalization, possibly due to the reduction in VTE recurrence. Disclosures: Liu: Pfizer: Employment, Equity Ownership. Thompson:Pfizer: Employment, Equity Ownership. Phatak:BMS: Employment, Equity Ownership. Mardekian:Pfizer: Employment, Equity Ownership. Porcari:Pfizer: Employment, Equity Ownership. Johnson:Pfizer: Employment, Equity Ownership.
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Chaudhary, Akshay, Sachin Timilsina, Subash Gautam e Prajwol Babu Subedi. "An assessment of the Human-Elephant conflict in Sapahi and Kakadi Village of Kolhabi Municipality, Bara, Nepal". Our Nature 19, n. 1 (14 dicembre 2021): 27–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/on.v19i1.41223.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This study aims to assess the trend, extent, and impact of Human-Elephant conflict (HEC) in Sapahi and Kakadi villages of Bara district. Direct field observation, Household Survey (HHs), Focus Group Discussions (FGDs), and Key Informant Interview (KII) were carried out during November and December 2016 where 11 wards were selected purposively from two village and 50 households from each village. Also, 12 KII and one FGDs from each ward were performed. SPSS 20.0, and MS Excel 2016 were used to calculate mean, percentage, frequency count, and chi-square test was used to determine the variation in people’s perception towards wild Elephant conservation. The total average damage of paddy per year per HHs was 834.1 kg followed by wheat 153.7 kg, and mustard 2.12 kg. The economic value of average annual crop damage per year per HHs accounted for NRs. 22669.70. Among total HHs, 84% of the respondents said that the trend of crop damage is increasing, 10% found no differences in crop damage, and remaining 6% said decreasing. During the last 5 years, 7 people were injured, and 6 were killed. The lighting fire, beating drum, and making noise were the local techniques used by all the respondents to chase away elephant for the mitigation of HEC. The farmers also guard their fields at night time. 60% of the respondents are positive towards elephant conservation and remaining 40% seems no significance for conservation. The compensation scheme for crop damage should be properly implemented in the study area to minimize the HEC. A sustained conservation education program especially focusing on female, farmers, and nomads are recommended to conserve wild elephants, and their habitat.
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Sharma, Alok, Hemangi Sane, Amruta Paranjape, Ritu Varghese, Vivek Nair, Hema Biju, Dhanashree Sawant, Nandini Gokulchandran e Prerna Badhe. "Improved survival in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients following autologous bone marrow mononuclear cell therapy: a long term 10-year retrospective study". Journal of Neurorestoratology 9, n. 2 (2021): 117–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.26599/jnr.2021.9040010.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Background:Promising results from previous studies using cell therapy have paved the way for an innovative treatment option for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). There is considerable evidence of immune and inflammatory abnormalities in ALS. Bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMMNCs) possess immunomodulatory properties and could contribute to slowing of disease progression.Objective:Aim of our study was to evaluate the long-term effect of autologous BMMNCs combined with standard treatment on survival duration in a large population and to evaluate effect of type of onset and hormonal status on survival duration in the intervention group.Methods:This controlled, retrospective study spanned over 10 years, 5 months; included 216 patients with probable or definite ALS, 150 in intervention group receiving autologous BMMNCs and standard treatment, and 66 in control group receiving only standard treatment. The estimated survival duration of control group and intervention group was computed and compared using Kaplan Meier analysis. Survival duration of patients with different types of onset and hormonal status was compared within the intervention group.Results:None of the patients reported any major adverse events related to cell administration or the procedure. Kaplan Meier analysis estimated survival duration in the intervention group to be 91.7 months while 49.7 months in the control group (p = 0.008). Within the intervention group, estimated survival was significantly higher (p = 0.013) in patients with limb onset (102.3 months) vs. bulbar onset (49.9 months); premenopausal women (93.1 months) vs. postmenopausal women (57.6 months) (p = 0.002); and preandropausal men (153.7 months) vs. postandropausal males (56.5 months) (p = 0.006).Conclusion:Cell therapy using autologous BMMNCs along with standard treatment offers a promising and safe option for ALS with the potential of long term beneficial effect and increased survival. Limb onset patients, premenopausal women and men ≤ 40 years of age demonstrated better treatment efficacy.
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Barateau, Lucie, Régis Lopez, Sofiene Chenini, Anna-Laura Rassu, Sabine Scholz, Manuela Lotierzo, Jean-Paul Cristol, Isabelle Jaussent e Yves Dauvilliers. "Association of CSF orexin-A levels and nocturnal sleep stability in patients with hypersomnolence". Neurology 95, n. 21 (1 settembre 2020): e2900-e2911. http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/wnl.0000000000010743.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
ObjectiveTo evaluate the associations between CSF orexin-A (ORX) levels and markers of nocturnal sleep stability, assessed by polysomnography.MethodsNocturnal polysomnography data and ORX levels of 300 drug-free participants (55% men, 29.9±15.5 years, ORX level 155.1±153.7 pg/mL) with hypersomnolence were collected. Several markers of nocturnal sleep stability were analyzed: sleep and wake bouts and sleep/wake transitions. Groups were categorized according to ORX levels, in 2 categories (deficient ≤110; >110), in tertiles (≤26, 26–254, >254), and compared using logistic regression models. Results were adjusted for age, sex, and body mass index.ResultsWe found higher number of wake bouts (43 vs 25, p < 0.0001), sleep bouts (43 vs 25.5, p < 0.0001), and index of sleep bouts/hour of sleep time, but lower index of wake bouts/hour of wake time (41.4 vs 50.6, p < 0.0001), in patients with ORX deficiency. The percentage of wake bouts <30 seconds was lower (51.3% vs 60.8%, p < 0.001) and of wake bouts ≥1 minutes 30 seconds higher (7.7% vs 6.7%, p = 0.02) when ORX deficient. The percentage of sleep bouts ≤14 minutes was higher (2–5 minutes: 23.7% vs 16.1%, p < 0.0001), and of long sleep bouts lower (>32 minutes 30 seconds: 7.3% vs 18.3%, p < 0.0001), when ORX deficient. These findings were confirmed when groups were categorized according to ORX tertiles, with a dose–response effect of ORX levels in post hoc comparisons, and in adjusted models.InterpretationThis study shows an association between ORX levels and nocturnal sleep stabilization in patients with hypersomnolence. Sleep and wake bouts are reliable markers of nighttime sleep stability that correlate with CSF ORX levels in a dose-dependent manner.
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Okello, Tom Richard, Cosmas Wacal, Wadria Denis Peter, Allan Obonyom Tekkara, Costa Gumisiriya e John Patrick Kanahe Kagorora. "Potential of Neem (Azadirachta indica) Extract in Managing Fall Armyworm on Maize". Journal of Agricultural Science 16, n. 7 (15 giugno 2024): 114. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jas.v16n7p114.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This research assessed the effect of neem leaf extract on the larval population of the fall armyworm and the level of damage, growth, and yield of maize. A Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with four treatments (Control, 50 g per L, 100 g per L and 200 g per L of neem leaf extract) applied within the two seasons of 2022A and 2022B. The findings showed that a higher concentration (200 g per L) of neem leaf extract-treated maize plants registered the least leaf damage (0.15), severity (0.15), and larvae population (0.1). This effect was most attained during the 1st season of maize production and at the earliest vegetative weeks of maize growth (3 WAP to 5 WAP, i.e., weeks after planting). The higher neem leaf extract concentration of 200 g per L produced the most significant (p < 0.001) effect on maize growth traits. A higher plant height (162.51 cm), longer leaf length (112.5 cm), wider leaf width (11.7 cm), and broader stem girth (11.91 cm) were attained under 200 g per L of neem leaf extract treated plots during the 1st season of maize production and 11 WAP. The findings of this showed that a relatively high concentration of neem leaf extract produced a higher cob weight (200 g per L = 180.1 g) followed by 100 g per L (174.1 g), 50 g per L (140.9 g) and control (139 g). The weight was optimised during the 1st season of maize production (163.8 g). The grain yield was higher under 200 g per L (153.7 g) of neem extract. The above findings demonstrated that a high concentration of neem leaf extract reduced fall armyworm infestation and increased maize plant growth and yield. Farmers should, therefore, be encouraged to apply 200 g per L of neem leaf extract in the management of fall armyworms and improve plant growth and yield because it contains antifeedant and insecticidal properties against the fall armyworm.
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Brunstein, Claudio G., Daniela Setubal, Marcie Tomblyn, Todd DeFor, Mukta Arora, Linda J. Burns, Jeffrey S. Miller, Daniel J. Weisdorf e John E. Wagner. "Umbilical Cord Blood Transplant after Reduced Intensity Conditioning Provides Outcomes Comparable HLA-Matched Siblings for Patients with High Risk and Advanced Acute Myeloid Leukemia." Blood 108, n. 11 (16 novembre 2006): 606. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v108.11.606.606.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Abstract Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is a standard treatment for patients with high risk or advanced AML. However, older age and of co-morbidities frequently limit its use due to high risk of regimen related toxicities (RRT) after a myeloablative regimen. While the inception of RIC regimens has been very successful at reducing RRT, lack of available HLA matched sibling or unrelated donors has become the principal limiting factor. We hypothesized that UCB would increase the utilization of HSCT in patients with AML who lacked a HLA-matched, medically suitable sibling donor. Therefore, we evaluated the various transplant outcomes in 64 AML patients treated with RIC followed by transplantation with HLA-matched sibling PBSC (n=21) and 4–6/6 HLA matched UCB (n=43). All pts received Fludarabine (Flu, 200 mg/kg) and total body irradiation (TBI 200 cGy) with either cyclophosphamide (Cy 50 mg/kg, n=49) or Busulfan (Bu 8 mg/kg, n=15). All pts received cyclosporine A and mycophenolate mofetil GVHD prophylaxis. UCB grafts were composed of 1 (n=15) or 2 (n=28) units to achieve the minimum cell dose. Patients with good and intermediate risk cytogenetics in first complete remission (CR1) were classified as standard risk; others were classified as high risk. Multivariate models considered: donor type, age, disease status, weight, CMV serostatus, cytogenetic risk, disease risk, acute GVHD, conditioning regimen, and time from diagnosis to HSCT. The proportion of engraftment (88% vs. 100%, p=0.10), the incidence of grade II–IV GVHD at day 100 (51% vs. 62%, p=0.85) and TRM at 1 year (28% vs 38%, p=0.43) did not differ between UCB and PBSC recipients. Similarly, relapse at 2 years (UCB 35% vs SIB 35%, p=0.72) and 2 year survival (UCB 31% vs SIB 32%, p=0.62) were comparable. In multivariate analysis, only disease risk group was associated with increased relative risk (RR) of relapse (RR 2.9, 95%CI, 1.3–6.2, p<0.01) and death (RR 2.6, 95%CI, 1.1–5.5, p=0.02). These results demonstrate that partially HLA matched UCB after RIC markedly extends the availability of HSCT with results comparable to those observed with PBSC from HLA matched sibling donors. Variable UCB (n=43) SIB PBSC (n=21) p value * Cell doses of double UCB grafts=combined cell dose. Age in years - median (range) 53 (22–68) 54 (19–69) 0.77 Weight in kg - median (range) 75 (53–120) 72 (51–112) 0.24 Recipient/Donor CMV + 20 (47%)/− 13 (62%)/8 (38%) <0.01 HLA-match 6/6* 5 (7%) 21 (100%) HLA-match 4–5/6* 66 (93%) Zero Disease status CR1 18 (43%) 14 (67%) Cytogenetics good/intermediate 32 (84%) 10 (48%) 0.31 Cytogenetics poor risk 7 (16%) 10 (48%) TNC X10 7/kg median (range)* 3.6 (1.6–5.9) 93.4 (64.8–212.3) CD34 X105/kg median (range)* 4.9 (1.1–18.8) 52.2 (14.1–153.7) Median follow-up in years 2.7 (0.7–5.5) 1.3 (0.7–6.1)
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Joel, Anjana, Prasanth Ganesan, Tenali Gnana Sagar, Krishnarathnam Kannan, Trivadi Ganesan, Venkatraman Radhakrishnan, Rejiv Rajendranath, Shirley Sundersingh e Vandana Vikas. "Gemcitabine, Vinorelbine and Dexamethasone (GVDexa) As Second-Line Salvage Regimen in Relapsed and Refractory Hodgkin's Lymphoma". Blood 126, n. 23 (3 dicembre 2015): 3948. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v126.23.3948.3948.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Abstract INTRODUCTION: Traditional platinum-based salvage regimens like DHAP, ICE are effective in relapsed Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL), but are more toxic. Gemcitabine based regimens are equally effective in salvage of lymphomas, but are less toxic and allow better stem cell collection for subsequent high dose therapy (HDT). There is limited data on the usefulness of gemcitabine based salvage regimens after the failure of salvage therapies like DHAP and ICE. At our center, we used a combination of gemcitabine, vinorelbine and dexamethasone (GVDexa), a non-platinum containing regimen in those patients who failed DHAP/ ICE based salvage treatment. METHODS: The records of patients with relapsed and refractory Hodgkin's lymphoma, who were treated with GVDexa, were reviewed. The regimen consisted of Gemcitabine 1000mg/m2 IV (D1,8), Vinorelbine 25mg/m2 IV (D1,8) Dexamethasone 40mg oral (D1-4) given as outpatient. It was given for 2-3 cycles until best response or till the patient underwent HDT. RESULTS: Between July 2010 to Jun 2015, 25 patients received GVDexa. The median age was 23 years (Range: 11 to 45 yrs) and 64% were males. Baseline characteristics are summarised in Table 1. Twenty-one patients (84%) had previous exposure to salvage therapy with DHAP/ ICE and GVDexa was given as third line treatment. The overall response rate was 48% (12/25) with complete response in 20% (5/25) and partial response in 28% (7/25). Toxicity: A total of 61 cycles [Median: 2 (Range: 1-6)] were delivered among 25 patients. Grade 3/4 haematological toxicities (neutropenia and thrombocytopenia) occurred in 9/61 (14.7%) cycles and febrile neutropenia occurred in 2 (3.2%) cycles. Grade 3/4 non-haematological toxicities were rare (paralytic ileus in 1 patient). There were no toxic deaths. Stem cell collection: Stem cell harvesting for HDT was attempted in 12 patients and was successful (> 2 million CD34 positive cells/kg) in 8 (67%) patients. Seven of these patients successfully completed HDT. Two patients who failed stem cell collection underwent reduced intensity conditioning allogeneic transplant. CONCLUSIONS: GVDexa, when used as third line therapy in relapsed and refractory HL shows promising response rates, with minimal toxicity. The high response rates achieved despite failure of first line platinum based salvage, points to the potential usefulness of this regimen as first line salvage therapy in refractory HL. GVDexa could emerge as a safe and effective non-platinum containing alternative regimen for second-line therapy in HL. Table 1. Baseline characteristics (N=25) PARAMETER Number (Range/Percentage) Age (median, range) 23 yrs (10 to 45 yrs) Male sex 16 (64%) Prior exposure to DHAP/ICE chemotherapy 21 (84%) Previous lines of chemotherapy (median, range) 2 (1 to 4) Time from 1st diagnosis to relapse (median, range) 31.5 months (4.3 to 153.7 months) Primary progressivea/refractory 13 (52) Stage III/IV at relapse 20 (80) Haemoglobin < 10g/dL at relapse 12 (48) a. Progressed within 3 months of completion of first line chemotherapy Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
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Pancheva, Marieta V., Vladimir S. Panchev e Adelina V. Suvandjieva. "Lower body negative pressure vs. lower body positive pressure to prevent cardiac atrophy after bed rest and spaceflight. What caused the controversy?" Journal of Applied Physiology 100, n. 3 (marzo 2006): 1090. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00950.2005.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Cardiac muscle adapts well to changes in loading conditions. For example, left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy may be induced physiologically (via exercise training) or pathologically (via hypertension or valvular heart disease). If hypertension is treated, LV hypertrophy regresses, suggesting a sensitivity to LV work. However, whether physical inactivity in nonathletic populations causes adaptive changes in LV mass or even frank atrophy is not clear. We exposed previously sedentary men to 6 ( n = 5) and 12 ( n = 3) wk of horizontal bed rest. LV and right ventricular (RV) mass and end-diastolic volume were measured using cine magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at 2, 6, and 12 wk of bed rest; five healthy men were also studied before and after at least 6 wk of routine daily activities as controls. In addition, four astronauts were exposed to the complete elimination of hydrostatic gradients during a spaceflight of 10 days. During bed rest, LV mass decreased by 8.0 ± 2.2% ( P = 0.005) after 6 wk with an additional atrophy of 7.6 ± 2.3% in the subjects who remained in bed for 12 wk; there was no change in LV mass for the control subjects (153.0 ± 12.2 vs. 153.4 ± 12.1 g, P = 0.81). Mean wall thickness decreased (4 ± 2.5%, P = 0.01) after 6 wk of bed rest associated with the decrease in LV mass, suggesting a physiological remodeling with respect to altered load. LV end-diastolic volume decreased by 14 ± 1.7% ( P = 0.002) after 2 wk of bed rest and changed minimally thereafter. After 6 wk of bed rest, RV free wall mass decreased by 10 ± 2.7% ( P = 0.06) and RV end-diastolic volume by 16 ± 7.9% ( P = 0.06). After spaceflight, LV mass decreased by 12 ± 6.9% ( P = 0.07). In conclusion, cardiac atrophy occurs during prolonged (6 wk) horizontal bed rest and may also occur after short-term spaceflight. We suggest that cardiac atrophy is due to a physiological adaptation to reduced myocardial load and work in real or simulated microgravity and demonstrates the plasticity of cardiac muscle under different loading conditions.
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Perhonen, Merja A., Fatima Franco, Lynda D. Lane, Jay C. Buckey, C. Gunnar Blomqvist, Joseph E. Zerwekh, Ronald M. Peshock, Paul T. Weatherall e Benjamin D. Levine. "Cardiac atrophy after bed rest and spaceflight". Journal of Applied Physiology 91, n. 2 (1 agosto 2001): 645–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.2001.91.2.645.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Cardiac muscle adapts well to changes in loading conditions. For example, left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy may be induced physiologically (via exercise training) or pathologically (via hypertension or valvular heart disease). If hypertension is treated, LV hypertrophy regresses, suggesting a sensitivity to LV work. However, whether physical inactivity in nonathletic populations causes adaptive changes in LV mass or even frank atrophy is not clear. We exposed previously sedentary men to 6 ( n = 5) and 12 ( n = 3) wk of horizontal bed rest. LV and right ventricular (RV) mass and end-diastolic volume were measured using cine magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at 2, 6, and 12 wk of bed rest; five healthy men were also studied before and after at least 6 wk of routine daily activities as controls. In addition, four astronauts were exposed to the complete elimination of hydrostatic gradients during a spaceflight of 10 days. During bed rest, LV mass decreased by 8.0 ± 2.2% ( P = 0.005) after 6 wk with an additional atrophy of 7.6 ± 2.3% in the subjects who remained in bed for 12 wk; there was no change in LV mass for the control subjects (153.0 ± 12.2 vs. 153.4 ± 12.1 g, P = 0.81). Mean wall thickness decreased (4 ± 2.5%, P = 0.01) after 6 wk of bed rest associated with the decrease in LV mass, suggesting a physiological remodeling with respect to altered load. LV end-diastolic volume decreased by 14 ± 1.7% ( P = 0.002) after 2 wk of bed rest and changed minimally thereafter. After 6 wk of bed rest, RV free wall mass decreased by 10 ± 2.7% ( P = 0.06) and RV end-diastolic volume by 16 ± 7.9% ( P = 0.06). After spaceflight, LV mass decreased by 12 ± 6.9% ( P = 0.07). In conclusion, cardiac atrophy occurs during prolonged (6 wk) horizontal bed rest and may also occur after short-term spaceflight. We suggest that cardiac atrophy is due to a physiological adaptation to reduced myocardial load and work in real or simulated microgravity and demonstrates the plasticity of cardiac muscle under different loading conditions.
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Zhao, Kai, De Ling Chi, Fei Fei Zhang e Zong Hua Wang. "A Novel Chromogenic System of Pb2+ - 4, 5- Dibromo- o- Nitrophenylfluorone in the Coexistence of Carbon Nanotubes and CTMAB". Advanced Materials Research 600 (novembre 2012): 120–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.600.120.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
A novel chromogenic system of Pb2+ with 4, 5- dibromo- o- nitrophenylfluorone (DBONPF) was developed by the synergetic effect of carboxylic carbon nanotubes (c-CNTs) and cationic surfactants CTMAB. The absorption of Pb2+ by DBONPF can be improved by the addition of a nano-material and a surfactant. Comparative experiments proved that the absorption of the complex of Pb- DBONPF was increased by 153.9% due to the conjugated system of the c-CNTs and the solubilization of CTMAB. The proposed method was applied to the determination of pb2+ in cosmetics satisfactorily
18
Shao, Hui Ping, Yu Qiang Huang, Hyo Sook Lee, Yong Jae Suh e Chong Oh Kim. "Synthesis of Monodisperse FePt Nanoparticles at a Low Temperature". Solid State Phenomena 124-126 (giugno 2007): 899–902. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.124-126.899.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Monodisperse FePt nanoparticles were synthesized by thermal decomposition of Fe(CO)5 and reduction of Pt(acac)2 at low temperature of 160–180 °C by using kerosene as a solvent. The average sizes of the synthesized particles ranged from 2.2 to 4.4 nm. Thermal annealing of the as-prepared FePt particles at 700 °C for 1 h transformed the crystalline structure of the particles from a disordered face-centered cubic to an ordered face-centered tetragonal. This change led to a significant increase in coercivity from 153.37 to 2273.22 Oe and in saturated magnetization from 26.86 to 41.21 emu/g.
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Dung, Hoang Tran, Doan Thanh Tung, Le Thi Thanh Tam, Trinh Quang Dung, Nguyen Thi Yen, Ngo Ba Thanh, Ngo Thanh Dung, Phan Ngoc Hong e Le Trong Lu. "PREPARATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF GO/ZnO ELECTRODE FOR SUPERCAPACITORS". Vietnam Journal of Science and Technology 57, n. 5 (8 ottobre 2019): 585. http://dx.doi.org/10.15625/2525-2518/57/5/13313.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
In this paper, zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles were prepared by solvothermal method. A mixture of ZnO nanoparticles and GO, surfactants, binders are dispersed in aqueous solvent. This suspension was then used as the ink for the modified 3d printer to coat on the graphite substrate to form electrodes. The GO/ZnO film has a specific capacitance of 119.9 F/g at a scan rate of 5 mV/s of CV test. The specific discharge capacitance was 153.9 F/g and retained 94.5% after 3000 cycles of galvanostatic charge-discharge (GCD) measurement with a current density of 15 mA/cm2.
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Derebail, Vimal K., Susan K. Jones, Jessica Shen, Melissa Caughey, Alan L. Hinderliter, David M. Pollock, David R. Archer e Kenneth I. Ataga. "Endothelin-1 Is Associated with Albuminuria and Measures of Vascular Endothelial Dysfunction in Sickle Cell Anemia". Blood 126, n. 23 (3 dicembre 2015): 983. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v126.23.983.983.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Abstract Introduction: Endothelin-1 (ET1) is as a potent vasoconstrictor and mediates oxidative stress and inflammatory responses in various disease states. ET1 levels are elevated in individuals with physiologic measures of endothelial dysfunction. Further, urinary ET1 levels correlate with microalbuminuria in patients with sickle cell disease (SCD) suggesting ET1 mediates sickle cell nephropathy. We hypothesized that ET1 would be elevated in SCD patients with albuminuria and would correlate with endothelial dysfunction as measured by ultrasound imaging of the brachial artery. Methods: Subjects with sickle cell anemia (HbSS) were evaluated in non-crisis, “steady-states.” Individuals on hydroxyurea or renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system blocking agents (such as ACE-inhibitors) had to be on stable doses for at least 3 months. Spot urine samples were obtained for albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR) over 2-3 visits. Hematologic measures were obtained at baseline. At last visit, plasma ET1 levels were drawn, subjects provided 24hr urine collections, and endothelial function was assessed by brachial artery shear stress methods. We obtained ultrasound measures of flow-mediated dilation (FMD) and nitroglycerin-mediated dilation (NTMD), as indices of endothelium-dependent and endothelium-independent vasodilation, respectively. Hyperemic flow was quantified as the velocity-time integral (VTI), a reflection of small vessel endothelial function. ET1 levels were compared by categories of albuminuria (normal, micro- (>=30, <300 mg/g), macro- (>=300 mg/g) by Kruskal-Wallis testing. We examined Spearman's correlations for ET1 and covariates of interest. Results: 24 subjects had measures of plasma ET1 available with mean age 43.0 (SD 11.9) years; 11 (45.8%) were male and 17 had albuminuria (9 micro-, 7 macro-). Other covariates are presented in Table 1. Median ET1 levels were significantly higher in micro- (0.69 pg/ml; IQR 0.62, 0.82) and macroalbuminuria (0.67 pg/ml; IQR 0.49, 1.02) subjects compared to normoalbuminuria (0.39 pg/ml; IQR 0.28, 0.58) subjects (p =0.03) (Fig 1). ET1 also correlated with UACR in continuous measures (ρ=0.44; 95% CI 0.05, 0.72; p =0.03). We saw no correlation between ET1 and hematologic indices or hemolysis markers including hemoglobin level, WBC and platelet counts, LDH, indirect bilirubin, or HbS or HbF content. In measures of endothelial dysfunction, ET1 had a negative correlation with FMD (ρ= -0.34, 95% CI -0.65, 0.08; p =0.1) that was not statistically significant. However, there was a strong negative correlation between ET1 and hyperemic VTI (ρ= -0.56, 95% CI -0.80, -0.18; p =0.008). Conclusions: In HbSS subjects, plasma ET1 levels associated with the presence of micro- or macroalbuminuria and also correlated with continuous measures of albuminuria. High ET1 levels correlated strongly with lower values of hyperemic VTI, indicating small vessel endothelial dysfunction. This latter finding may reflect glomerular capillary dysfunction leading to albuminuria. Our findings suggest ET1 plays a role in the pathogenesis of early kidney disease in HbSS as reflected by albuminuria and mediated by endothelial dysfunction. Table 1. Demographic and clinical data in 24 patients with HbSS. Normoalbuminuria (n=8) Microalbuminuria (n=9) Macroalbuminuria (n=7) Age (yrs) 38.8 (9.9) 42 (13.8) 49.1 (10.1) Male (N, %) 2 (25.0) 5 (55.6) 4 (57.1) SBP (mmHg) 107.5 (96, 117) 120 (117, 145) 138 (117, 151) DBP (mmHg) 57 (52, 65) 63 (56, 67) 81 (63, 83) Hemoglobin (g/dl) 9.3 (8.3, 10.0) 8.8 (7.5, 9.2) 8.8 (8, 9.5) WBC (109/L) 6.9 (5.6, 8.5) 7.0 (5.8, 10.6) 8.1 (4.8, 11.2) Platelet (109/L) 351 (306, 556) 288 (224, 374) 356 (253, 445) LDH (U/L) 736 (580, 1031) 1068 (771, 1389) 907 (759, 998) Indirect Bilirubin (g/dl) 2.1 (0.9, 4.8) 2.4 (1.2, 3.1) 2.3 (1.6, 4.1) Creatinine (mg/dl) 0.58 (0.55, 0.76) 0.68 (0.66, 0.98) 0.70 (0.54, 1.35) eGFR (ml/min/1.73m2) 121.9 (109.8, 153.7) 118.6 (78.4, 145.2) 127.4 (63.0, 136.8) 24hr CrCl (ml/min/1.73m2) 129 (89, 203) 101 (77, 116) 80 (53, 124) UACR (mg/g) 8.8 (5.1, 11.2) 95.8 (48.6, 142.7) 518.9 (398.6, 706.7) 24hr Urine Protein (mg) 93 (72.5, 106) 207 (140, 216) 910 (506, 1388) Disclosures Archer: Global Blood Therapeutics: Consultancy.
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Yu, Ji Sang, Hyung Jun Kim, Ik Hyun Oh e Kee Ahn Lee. "Densification and Purification of Cold Sprayed Ti Coating Layer by Using Annealing in Different Heat Treatment Environments". Advanced Materials Research 602-604 (dicembre 2012): 1604–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.602-604.1604.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This study investigated the densification and purification properties of cold sprayed titanium coating layer by using annealing in different heat treatment environments. The annealing was conducted at 600°C/1h and three kinds of environments of vacuum, Ar gas, and 5%H2+Ar mixture gas were controlled. Cold sprayed Ti coating layer (as sprayed) represented 6.7% of porosity and 228 HV of hardness. Regardless of gas environments, all of those thermally heat treated coating layers consisted of pure α-Ti and minimal oxide. Vacuum environment during heat treatment represented superior densification properties (3.8% porosity, 156.7 HV) to those of Ar gas (5.3%, 144.5 HV) and 5%H2+Ar mixture gas (5.5%, 153.1 HV). From the results of phase analysis (XRD, EPMA, SEM, EDS), it was found that vacuum environment during heat treatment could be effective for reducing oxide contents (purification) in the Ti coating layer. The characteristic of microstructural evolution with heat treatment found to be different at three different gas environments.
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Feudjou, William F., Arnaud M. Mbock, Marlyse B. W. Ouahouo, Valérie T. Sielinou, Racéline K. Gounoue, Pierre Mkounga, Bruno N. Lenta et al. "An Antibacterial Isovaleronitrile Diglycoside From Detarium microcarpum Guill. Perr. (Fabaceae)". Natural Product Communications 15, n. 7 (1 luglio 2020): 1934578X2093693. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1934578x20936939.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
A new isovaleronitrile diglycoside, named microcarposide (1), together with 6 known compounds: lupeol (2), betulinic acid (3), β-sitosterol glucoside (4), methyl gallate (5), luteolin (6), and epicatechin (7), was isolated from the methanolic extract of the fruits of Detarium microcarpum Guill. Perr. The structures of the compounds were determined by extensive analysis of 1D- and 2D-1H and 13C NMR spectroscopic data in conjunction with mass spectrometry and by comparison with data reported in the literature. Compound 1 was characterized as (2 R)-2-[(6″- O-β-l-rhamnopyranosyl-β-d-glucopyranosyl)oxy]-3-methylbutanenitrile. Some of the isolated compounds were evaluated for their antibacterial activities against several microorganisms; only compound 1 was active against Salmonella typhi, Salmonella enteritidis, and Salmonella typhimurium with minimum inhibition concentration values of 153.4, 76.7, and 76.7 μM, respectively.
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Fachruzi, Ismed, e Frans Tony. "SIFAT AIR LINDIAN DAN TANAH SERTA RESPON TANAMAN PADA MODIFIKASI TEKSTUR, TEHNIK PENGAIRAN DAN APLIKASI LIMBAH PERIKANAN PADA TANAH LAHAN BASAH GARAMAN DARI DESA PANTAI HARAPAN TANAH LAUT KALIMANTAN SELATAN UNTUK PRODUKSI BAWANG MERAH DAN SAWI SISTEM POT". EnviroScienteae 19, n. 4 (25 novembre 2023): 192. http://dx.doi.org/10.20527/es.v19i4.17919.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The nature of the soil is massive and saline, not fertile for horticultural crops such as shallots and mustard greens. The soil properties of Tidal Wetland Type-A (direct), the soil sample mentioned above, is known from the analysis results to have an EC value of 153.5 ds/m (very high), Na (1 NH4Oac) 1.21 me/ 100 g soil (very high), pH (1: 5 H2O) 6.74 (neutral), C-organic (Walkley-Black) 2.08% (medium), clay soil texture (clay 76%) and massive structure, Such land is very difficult for agricultural plants such as horticulture to grow, because it is difficult for the soil to pass water and salt which poisons plants. The application of sand, irrigation methods, and organic materials can change the properties of the soil and support the growth of shallots and mustard greens.
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Al-Juwaiser, Ibtehal A., Nouria A. Al-Awadi e Osman ME El-Dusouqui. "Gas-phase pyrolysis of thiopheneacetic acids, thienylethanols, and related compounds protophilicity of ring π-electrons and relative acidities of hydrogen-bond donors of hydroxyl groups". Canadian Journal of Chemistry 80, n. 5 (1 maggio 2002): 499–503. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v02-067.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Based on kinetic data of thermal gas-phase elimination reactions, the following Arrhenius log A (s1) and Ea (kJ mol1) values, respectively, are obtained: 10.76 and 153.5 for 3-thiopheneacetic acid (1), 10.08 and 149.4 for 2-thiopheneacetic acid (2), 12.04 and 207.1 for 2-(3-thienyl)ethanol (3), 11.55 and 203.3 for 2-(2-thienyl)ethanol (4), 10.91 and 123.4 for 2-thiopheneglyoxylic acid (5), 11.05 and 223.8 for 1-(2-thienyl)propan-1-one (6), and 10.33 and 149.8 for 3-thiophenemalonic acid (7). The products of these pyrolytic reactions were either carbon dioxide or formaldehyde in addition to methylthiophene or thiophenecarboxaldehyde. Both positional and molecular reactivities of the substrates and related compounds are compared, and the results are rationalized on the basis of a reaction pathway involving a concerted six-membered transition state.Key words: thiophenes, gas-phase, pyrolysis, kinetics, mechanism.
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Romero-Mata, Ariana, Marcela Pérez-Escobedo e Zenón Cano-Santana. "Variación espacio temporal de dos poblaciones de Oecanthus fultoni (Orthoptera: Gryllidae) en el centro de México". Revista Mexicana de Biodiversidad 93 (15 agosto 2022): e933770. http://dx.doi.org/10.22201/ib.20078706e.2022.93.3770.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Se compararon 5 atributos poblacionales del grillo arborícola Oecanthus fultoni (estructura, densidad, abundancia, proporción sexual y densidad de machos) en 2 localidades del centro de México con matorral xerófilo. Se contaron directamente los ejemplares posados sobre las plantas y los machos adultos mediante detección auditiva. En Zapotitlán Salinas, Puebla se muestrearon los grillos en el día y en el Pedregal de San Ángel, Ciudad de México en la noche. La especie estuvo presente durante todo el año en ambos sitios y registró 5 estadios ninfales. La población de Zapotitlán fue multivoltina y la del Pedregal univoltina. La densidad promedio de grillos fue más alta en el Pedregal (652.0 ± 0.2 ind./ha) que en Zapotitlán (50.4 ± 0.2 ind./ha); la proporción sexual fue 1 macho:1.2 hembras en Zapotitlán, mientras que en el Pedregal fue de 6.1:1. En Zapotitlán se registró una densidad de machos significativamente menor (83.41 ± 5.3 ind./ha) en comparación con la del Pedregal (153.75 ± 9.1 ind./ha); en ambas localidades la densidad de machos estuvo correlacionada negativamente con los valores de precipitación acumulada mensual. Nuestros resultados resaltan la importancia de la estacionalidad en las variaciones poblacionales de los grillos.
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Umam, Hilman Imadul, Akfiny Hasdi Aimon e Ferry Iskandar. "Preliminary Study of the Effect Microwave-Heating on the Morphology and Surface Area of NaX Zeolite". Materials Science Forum 895 (marzo 2017): 69–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.895.69.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The effect of microwave-heating on the morphology and surface area of NaX zeolite was studied. The characteristics of NaX zeolite, which has a porous structure, make NaX zeolite applicable as a catalyst. Generally, the process of NaX zeolite formation with an FAU-type structure, either naturally or synthetically, requires quite a long time. Therefore, in this research the effect of microwave heating on the produced sample was investigated using XRD, SEM, and BET surface area measurement. The heating time parameter was varied to determine the optimal conditions for the synthesis of NaX zeolite. The results indicated that microwave-heating is capable of accelerating the crystallization process and reduce the agglomeration of NaX zeolite, as shown by the XRD and SEM results. Based on the SEM result, the particle size distributions of the samples microwave-heated for 1, 3, and 5 minutes, were 350.5, 262.5, and 243.9 nm respectively. In addition, prolonging the microwave-heating time made the surface area of the samples become larger. The specific surface area of the samples microwave-heated for 1, 3, and 5 minutes, 55.9, 153.5, and 204.1 m2/g respectively.
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Weller, Frank, Hak-Chul Kang, Werner Massa, Thilo Rübenstahl, Frank Kunkel e Kurt Dehnicke. "Die Kristallstrukturen der silylierten Phosphanimine Me3SiNPPh3 und Me3SiNPPh2 - C2H4 - PPh2NSiMe3 / Crystal Structures of the Silylated Phosphanimines Me3SiNPPh3 und Me3SiNPPh2 - C2H4 - PPh2NSiMe3". Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B 50, n. 7 (1 luglio 1995): 1050–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znb-1995-0711.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The crystal structures of two silylated phosphanimines have been determined. Me3SiNPPh3: Space group P 1̃, Z = 2, structure refinement with 2907 observed unique reflections with Fo > 5 σ(Fo), R = 0.052. Lattice dimensions at 19 °C: a = 876.6(1), b = 1125.8(1), c = 1151.2(1) pm, α = 61.71(1)°, β = 88.08(1)°, γ = 87.18(1)°. The compound forms monomeric molecules with a SiNP bond angle of 140.2° and bond lengths PN of 154.2 pm and SiN of 168.6 pm which correspond with PN double and SiN single bonds. Me3SiNPPh2 - C2H4 -PPh2N SiMe3: Space group P31, Z = 3, structure refinement with 4251 independent reflections, R = 0.061 for 3587 reflections with I > 2σ(I). Lattice dimensions at - 80 °C: a = b = 1591.4(1), c = 1165.8(1) pm. The compound forms monomeric molecules with a c/s-conformation of the PNSiMe3 groups. Bond angles and bond lengths (average) are SiNP = 140.8°, PN = 153.8 pm, SiN = 165.6 pm.
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Zhao, Xiao-Chong, Pan Yang, Tao Ding, Li-Jun Yang, Xianmin Mai, Huiyuan Chen, Gang Wang et al. "Hydrothermally Synthesized Li4Ti5O12 Nanotubes Anode Material with Enhanced Li-Ion Battery Performances". Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology 19, n. 11 (1 novembre 2019): 7387–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jnn.2019.16668.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Hollow Li4Ti5O12 nanotubes were synthesized by stirring in a heated oil bath using P25 as titanium source and lithium hydroxide as lithium source. The as-prepared samples displayed a nanotube structure, with diameter of about 20~50 nm and length of 0.4 μm. The specific surface area of as-prepared samples reached 153.2 m2g−1. It is demonstrated that the Li4Ti5O12 nanotubes with improved performance can be obtained by hollow structure and high specific surface area. In consequence, it delivered a high reversible initial discharge capacity of 174.2 mAh g−1 at 0.5 C rate. A stable capacity of 170.9 mAh g−1 was delivered when the rate was reduced back to 0.5 C, suggesting good structural stability of the nanocable, high reversibility even after high rate charge– discharge, and good cycle stability. In addition, a capacity of 134.9 mAh g−1 and 98 mAhg−1 could be retained at a high rate of 5 C and 10 C, indicating excellent rate performances.
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Lu, Ning, Nanfang Zeng, Ning Su, Ling Chen, Jie Chen, Carine M. Vier, Wayne R. Cast et al. "28 Investigation of protein deposition pattern of PIC337×Camborough commercial pigs". Journal of Animal Science 102, Supplement_2 (1 maggio 2024): 74–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skae102.085.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Abstract The objective of the trial was to investigate the protein deposition pattern of PIC337×Camborough commercial pigs. A total of 1,064 barrows and gilts [PIC337×Camborough, initial body weight (BW) = 6.0 ± 0.1 kg] were used in the trial with 38 mixed sex pens, 28 pigs per pen. At the beginning of the trial, the lightest 10% of the barrows and gilts were selected and placed in four pens (equal numbers of barrows and gilts within a pen), and the remaining pigs were randomly placed into the other pens (equal numbers of barrows and gilts within a pen). A common 6-phase corn-soybean based wean-to-finish diets were fed throughout the trial. Dietary net energy and standardized ileal digestible lysine levels were (6-10 kg BW: 2,600 Kcal/kg and 1.35%; 10-20 kg BW: 2,520 Kcal/kg and 1.30%; 20-38 kg BW: 2,470 Kcal/kg and 1.20%; 38-72 kg BW: 2,450 Kcal/kg and 0.98%; 72-127 kg BW: 2,450 Kcal/kg and 0.87%; and 127-149 kg BW: 2,450 Kcal/kg and 0.77%). On d 97 after placement, 5 barrows and 5 gilts with BW close to pen average were selected for individual BW by a portable scale and 10th rib backfat and loin depth measurements (ExaGo portable ultrasound scanner, Imv imaging, UK). Then on d 111, 117, 136, 142, and 167 after placement, the same 5 barrows and 5 gilts were measured for individual BW, 10th rib backfat and loin depth. The fat-free lean mass is estimated by the equation 6.783-0.6198×(10th rib backfat depth, mm)+0.1578×(10th rib loin depth, mm)+1.0362×(warm carcass weight, kg). A constant carcass yield of 75% was used to estimate warm carcass weight. Data were analyzed using a linear mixed model in R Studio (Version 3.5.2, R Core Team; Vienna, Austria). The average BW of pigs at the 6 measurements were: 77.2, 92.4, 99.2, 122.5, 128.0, and 153.6 kg, respectively. The average daily gain (ADG) was 1,139, 1,155, 1,145, 1,126, and 977 g/d for 77.2 to 92.4 kg BW, 92.4 to 99.2 kg BW, 99.2 to 122.5 kg BW, 122.5 to 128.0 kg BW, and 128.0 to 153.6 kg BW, respectively. The average daily 10th rib backfat depth gain was 0.05, 0.08, 0.15, 0.17, and 0.20 mm/d. The average daily 10th rib loin depth gain was 0.42, 0.43, 0.41, 0.39, and 0.23 mm/d. The average daily fat-free lean mass gain (ADFFLG) was 547, 551, 528, 515, and 422 g/d. The fitted quadratic model for ADG is 83.57782 + 19.90632 × (BW, kg)-0.09176×(BW, kg)2, and the calculated maximum ADG was 1,163 g/d when BW was 108.5 kg. The fitted quadratic model for ADFFLG is 85.90926 + 9.23773 × (BW, kg) - 0.04591 × (BW, kg)2, and the calculated maximum ADFFLG is 550.6 g/d when BW was 100.6 kg. Under the conditions of the current trial, PIC337×Camborough pigs reaches the maximum rate of protein deposition at BW between 100.6 and 108.5 kg.
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Reaich, D., S. M. Channon, C. M. Scrimgeour e T. H. Goodship. "Ammonium chloride-induced acidosis increases protein breakdown and amino acid oxidation in humans". American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism 263, n. 4 (1 ottobre 1992): E735—E739. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpendo.1992.263.4.e735.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The effect of acidosis on whole body protein turnover was determined from the kinetics of infused L-[1-13C]leucine. Seven healthy subjects were studied before (basal) and after (acid) the induction of acidosis with 5 days oral ammonium chloride (basal pH 7.42 +/- 0.01, acid pH 7.35 +/- 0.03). Bicarbonate recovery, measured from the kinetics of infused NaH13CO3, was increased in the acidotic state (basal 72.9 +/- 1.2 vs. acid 77.6 +/- 1.6%; P = 0.06). Leucine appearance from body protein (PD), leucine disappearance into body protein (PS), and leucine oxidation (O) increased significantly (PD: basal 120.5 +/- 5.6 vs. acid 153.9 +/- 6.2, P < 0.01; PS: basal 98.8 +/- 5.6 vs. acid 127.0 +/- 4.7, P < 0.01; O: basal 21.6 +/- 1.1 vs. acid 26.9 +/- 2.3 mumol.kg-1.h-1, P < 0.01). Plasma levels of the amino acids threonine, serine, asparagine, citrulline, valine, leucine, ornithine, lysine, histidine, arginine, and hydroxyproline increased significantly with the induction of acidosis. These results confirm that acidosis in humans is a catabolic factor stimulating protein degradation and amino acid oxidation.
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Morgunov, Nikolas S., e David J. Hirsch. "Adenylate cyclase uncoupled β-adrenergic receptors in salamander proximal tubules". Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology 68, n. 7 (1 luglio 1990): 863–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/y90-131.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The isolated perfused proximal tubule of the neotenic salamander Ambystoma tigrinum responds with either a hyperpolarization or depolarization of both the basolateral cell membrane and transepithelial potentials following the addition of 10−5 M isoproterenol to the bath superfusate. Both responses were blocked by 10−6 M propranolol but neither response was mimicked by 10−4 M cAMP. β-Adrenergic binding studies of individual microdissected proximal tubules using (−)-[3H]CGP-12177 as a hydrophyllic radioligand and (±)-timolol (0.1 mM) as the displacer drug revealed two distinct populations of proximal tubules possessing either low (KD = 153.8 nM; Bmax = 110.2 fM/mm) or high affinity (KD = 12.0 nM; Bmax = 3.9 fM/mm) binding characteristics. Competition studies indicated that the bound (−)-[3H]CGP-12177 behaved as a typical β-adrenergic ligand, being displaced by (−)-isoproterenol but not by (+)-isoproterenol or (−)phenylephrine. However, neither appeared to be coupled to the adenylate cyclase system. These data suggest the presence of functional β-adrenergic receptors that do not appear to be coupled to the adenylate cyclase system.Key words: proximal tubule, β-receptors, adenylate cyclase.
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Kouitcheu Mabeku, Laure brigitte, Bertrand Eyoum Bille e Eveline Nguepi. "In VitroandIn VivoAnti-HelicobacterActivities ofEryngium foetidum(Apiaceae),Bidens pilosa(Asteraceae), andGalinsoga ciliata(Asteraceae) againstHelicobacter pylori". BioMed Research International 2016 (2016): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/2171032.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This study was performed to evaluate the antimicrobial activities of extracts ofBidens pilosa, Galinsoga ciliata,andEryngium foetidumagainst 6 clinical strains ofHelicobacter pylori in vitroandin vivo. Broth microdilution method was usedin vitro.In vivo, Swiss mice were inoculated withH.pyloriand divided into 5 groups; the control group received the vehicle and the four others received 125, 250, and 500 mg/kg of methanol extract ofEryngium foetidumand ciprofloxacin (500 mg/kg) for 7 days, respectively.Helicobacter pyloricolonization and number of colonies in gastric biopsies culture were assessed on days 1 and 7 after treatment. The lowest MIC value (64 μg/mL) and the best spectrum of bactericidal effect (MBC/MIC = 1) were obtained with the methanol extract ofEryngium foetidum. The number ofH.pyloriinfected animals was 17% (plant-extract) and 0% (ciprofloxacin) compared to 100% for the infected untreated group. Plant-extract (381.9±239.5 CFU) and ciprofloxacin (248±153.2 CFU) significantly reduced bacterial load in gastric mucosa compared to untreated, inoculated mice (14350±690 CFU).Conclusion. The present data provided evidence that methanol extract ofEryngium foetidumcould be a rich source of metabolites with antimicrobial activity to fightHelicobacter pyloriinfections.
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Bai, Zigang, e Jiyuan Zhu. "A Facile Preparation Method for Corrosion-Resistant Copper Superhydrophobic Surfaces with Ordered Microstructures by Etching". Coatings 13, n. 7 (25 giugno 2023): 1151. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings13071151.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Superhydrophobic surfaces wit ordered hierarchical microstructures were prepared on copper substrates by combining thermal transfer and etching. The surface morphology, wettability, chemical composition and corrosion resistance were, respectively, characterized via scanning electron microscopy, a three-dimensional confocal microscope, contact angle measurement, X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, electrokinetic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy techniques. The contact angle of the obtained superhydrophobic surface is up to 153.3° with a reduction in the corrosion current density from 3.9105 × 10−5 A/cm2 to 3.5421 × 10−6 A/cm2 via the electrokinetic polarization curve test, and the maximum capacitive arc radius of the superhydrophobic surface is about 2.5 × 104 Ω cm2 via the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy test, which is two orders of magnitude higher than that of bare copper substrate, and the maximum modulus value |Z| is also two orders of magnitude higher than that of bare copper substrate, indicating that the superhydrophobic surface has better corrosion resistance. This method provides an effective etching approach toward preparing superhydrophobic surfaces with ordered microstructures.
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Patel, Parth, e Yadvendrakumar Agrawal. "Preparation and In-vitro Evaluation of Levan Micelles: A Polyfructan Based Nano-carrier for Breast Cancer Targeted Delivery". Drug Delivery Letters 9, n. 2 (15 maggio 2019): 97–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/2210303109666190102115814.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Background: Levans are biopolymers of fructose, produced by different microorganisms. Fructose present in the levan micelles binds with the Glucose Transporter 5 (GLUT 5) which is overexpressed in the breast cancer cells. Objective: Increased solubility of paclitaxel by loading in the GLUT 5 transporter targeted levan-based micelles may enhance its bioavailability and facilitate a targeted delivery to the breast cancer cells. Methods and Results: Critical micelle concentration of levan with an average molecular weight of 800,000 Dalton was found to be 0.125µM corresponding to 0.1mg/mL using pyrene I3/I1 method. At critical micelle concentration (CMC), levan formed very mono-disperse (PDI-0.082) micellar particles with a particle size of 153.1 ± 2.31nm and -14.6 ± 2mV zeta potential. In-vitro drug release study was performed to identify the fit kinetic model along with Fourier transform infrared analysis and Differential scanning calorimetry studies. In-vitro kinetic model fitting revealed first-order drug release from the prepared micellar composition. The drug-loaded micellar composition was studied for its anticancer activity in breast cancer cell line. The IC50 value obtained was 1.525 ± 0.11nM on MCF7 cell line. Conclusion: Paclitaxel micelles showed a nineteen-fold improvement in the IC50 value compared to free paclitaxel. Hemocompatibility study was performed with a view to parenteral administration. This solution containing drug was found to be hemocompatible when added to bovine blood in 1:4 ration. Micelles are proven fairly compatible on the basis of hemolysis test results.
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Ramamurthy, Poornashree, Naveen Kumar e Aheed Osman. "Epidemiology, neurological and functional outcome of concomitant traumatic brain and spinal cord injury: An Oswestry experience". Trauma 19, n. 1_suppl (18 luglio 2017): 30–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1460408617718868.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Background Concomitant traumatic brain injury with spinal cord injury is likely to worsen prognosis and increase hospital length of stay. This study assessed the duration of in-patient rehabilitation and outcome in patients with both traumatic brain injury and spinal cord injury. Methods Retrospective study of all patients with concomitant traumatic brain injury and spinal cord injury over a 3-year period who had 5 years of subsequent follow-up at the Midlands Centre for Spinal Injuries. Results Twenty-seven patients had concomitant injuries of which five had severe traumatic brain injury, nine had moderate traumatic brain injury and the remaining thirteen had mild traumatic brain injury with spinal cord injury of grades A–D; commonest mechanisms of injury were motor vehicle collision (55%) and falls (37%). Thirteen (48%) had tetraplegia and 14 (52%) had paraplegia. Mean functional independence measure score at admission was 52.1 and 103.4 at 5 years. Patients with mild traumatic brain injury gained a mean functional independence measure score of 67.1; the moderate and severe traumatic brain injury patients gained mean functional independence measure score of 60.1 and 69.2, respectively. The mean length of stay was 138.3, 139.4 and 153.4 days for mild, moderate and severe traumatic brain injury, respectively. Conclusion Hospital length of stay and patient’s functioning at 5 years were not affected by traumatic brain injury severity in this subgroup; however, functional independence measure on its own may not be very sensitive to cognitive deficits.
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Mithun Roy, Aklima Akhter, Md. Asadujjaman, Tanmi Shahrin, AKM Shafiul Azam e Muhammad Tanvir Hossain Chowdhury. "Homestead mechanized aquaculture in Bangladesh: New concept for enhancement for production and profitability". World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews 20, n. 1 (30 ottobre 2023): 726–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/wjarr.2023.20.1.2104.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
In Bangladesh, almost all of the homestead ponds are cultured extensively, where there are scopes to enhance productivity through aquaculture mechanization. Five household-sized ponds (60±0.02 decimal) were selected. No mechanization is done on Pond 1. Pond 2, Pond 3, Pond 4 and Pond 5 were equipped with surface aeration; Pond 3 was with Bottom aeration; Pond 4 and Pond 5 were equipped respectively with surface, bottom, combination of both and combination of both aerations along with additional automated feed sprayer. All ponds were stocked at a rate of 250 pcs. /decimal mono-sex Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) and the stocking size was 0.90±0.15 g. Water Temperature, pH, and dissolved oxygen (DO) were recorded two times daily, whereas Ammonia, Nitrate, Nitrite and Phosphate data were recorded fortnightly during the 124-day culture period. Highest average growth (266.08±12.80 g) and lowest Feed Conversion Ratio (1.10) were found in Pond 5, whereas the lowest average growth (153.70±48.07) and highest FCR (1.70) was found in Pond 1. Production was enhanced by 40%, 28%, 47% and 54% respectively in Pond 2, 3, 4 and 5; compared with the control Pond 1. Economic analysis showed that the profit increased by 13%, 25% and 41% in Pond 2, 4 and 5 respectively compared with control Pond 1. In Pond 3, profit decreased by 25% compared with control Pond 1. In all treatments, FCR is reduced, which is very important to maintain good water quality for homestead ponds. Economically These experiments need to be further developed for polyculture ponds, to find out the appropriate species combination, to serve partial harvest for household consumption and for more viable economic return.
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Smith, Gareth J., Edward C. Rhodes e Robert H. Langill. "The Effect of Pre-exercise Glucose Ingestion on Performance during Prolonged Swimming". International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism 12, n. 2 (giugno 2002): 136–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/ijsnem.12.2.136.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The purpose of this study was to determine if pre-exercise glucose ingestion would improve distance swimming performance. Additionally, pre-exercise glucose was provided at 2 different feeding intervals to investigate the affects of the timing of administration. Ten male triathletes (: age, 29.5 ± 5.0 years; V̇O2peak, 48.8 ± 3.2 ml · kg’1 · min’) swam 4000 m on 3 occasions following the consumption of either a 10% glucose solution 5 min prior to exercise (G5), a 10% glucose solution 35 min prior to exercise (G35), or a similar volume of placebo (PL). Despite a significant difference (p < ,01) in blood glucose concentration prior to exercise ( in mmol · L ’: G" 8.4 ± 1.1 vs. G5 5.2 ± 0.5 or PL 5.3 ± 0.4), no significant differences were observed in total time ( in minutes: G* 70.7 ± 7.6, Gs 70.1 ± 7.6. PL 71.9 ± 8.4). post-exercise blood glucose ( inmmol · L−1: G35 5.1 ± 1.1, G5 5.1 ± 0.9, PL 5.3 ± 0.4), and average heart rate ( in bpnv.G" 155.8±10.8, G5 153.6±12.6. PL 152.0± 12.5; p > .05). While not reaching statistical significance, glucose feedings did result in improved individual performance times, ranging from 24 s to 5 min in 8 of the 10 subjects compared to the placebo. These results were found despite significant differences in blood glucose between trials immediately prior to exercise.
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Bento, Juliana Aparecida Correia, Olivia Reis Teixeira, Fernando Araújo Ribeiro, José Manoel Colombari Filho, Rosângela Nunes Carvalho e Priscila Zaczuk Bassinello. "Technological properties of aromatic Basmati rice accessions". DELOS: Desarrollo Local Sostenible 17, n. 55 (29 maggio 2024): e1485. http://dx.doi.org/10.55905/rdelosv17.n55-026.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The objective of this study was to characterize the paste profile of basmati-style aromatic rice accessions. The evaluation of the 56 rice accessions by the Mean of Distances Method yielded seven groups of rice accessions based on the evaluated parameters (elongation, apparent amylose content (AAC), aroma, and paste properties). Group 1 was represented by the control sample IRGA417, a non-aromatic cultivar with the highest AAC (22.5%). The aromatic cultivars Jasmine, Empasc 104, IAC500, and Jasmine85 constituted the third group. Group 4 consisted of 41 Basmati accessions and exhibited the highest average elongation ratio (greater than 2.0). Groups 3 and 4 exhibited comparable aroma scores (2.9 and 2.8, respectively) and retrogradation processes (final viscosity: 285.37 and 291.26 RVU, and setback: 136.84 and 166.01 RVU, respectively). Group 5 was constituted with seven Basmati accessions, while groups 6 and 7 were formed with one and two Basmati accessions, respectively. Groups 5 and 6 exhibited comparable paste properties, with peak viscosities of 186.06 and 153.1 RVU, respectively, and final viscosities of 210.27 and 236.7 RVU, respectively, which were lower than those observed in the other groups. In contrast, group 7 exhibited intermediate parameters between the control IRGA417 and groups 3 and 4. Groups 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7 were classified as low amylose grains, with an AAC of 12-20%. The Basmati accession (group 4) exhibited a comparable paste profile, with a notable distinction in its high elongation, aroma, and low AAC. Consequently, these cultivars may be well accepted by consumers of aromatic rice.
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Yu, Sisi, Zengxiang Zhang, Fang Liu, Xiao Wang e Shunguang Hu. "Assessing Interannual Urbanization of China’s Six Megacities Since 2000". Remote Sensing 11, n. 18 (13 settembre 2019): 2138. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs11182138.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
As a large and populous developing country, China has entered the rapid urbanization stage since 2000. Until 2018, China has accounted for nearly 1/5 of global megacities. Understanding their urbanization processes is of great significance. Given the deficiencies of existing research, this study explored the interannual urbanization process of China’s six megacities during 2000–2018 from four aspects, namely, the basic characteristics of urban land expansion, expansion types, cotemporary evolution of urban land–population–economy, and urbanization effects on the local environment. Results indicated that (1) urban lands in China’s six megacities increased by 153.27%, with distinct differences across megacities; (2) all of six megacities experienced the expansion processes from high-speed to low-speed, but they varied greatly in detail; (3) the speeds of urban land expansion in China’s megacities outpaced the population growth but lagged behind in GDP increase; and (4) urbanization has triggered an environmental crisis, which is represented by the decline in vegetation coverage and the increase in land surface temperature in newly expanded urban lands. This study enriched the content of urbanization, supplemented the existing materials of megacities, and provided a scientific reference for designing rational urban planning.
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Kim, Eun, Hyun Kim, Donghwi Kim, Jinsoo Kim e Pyung Lee. "Preparation of Mixed Matrix Membranes Containing ZIF-8 and UiO-66 for Multicomponent Light Gas Separation". Crystals 9, n. 1 (26 dicembre 2018): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst9010015.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Mixed matrix membranes (MMMs) containing zeolitic imidazolite framework-8 (ZIF-8) and UiO-66 as microporous fillers were prepared and evaluated their potential for the separation of a gas mixture produced by a methane reforming process. Hydrothermal synthesis was performed to prepare both the ZIF-8 and UiO-66 crystals, with crystal sizes ranging from 50 to 70 nm for ZIF-8 and from 200 to 300 nm for UiO-66. MMMs were prepared with 15% filler loading for both MMM (ZIF-8) and MMM (UiO-66). MMM (UiO-66) exhibited H2 permeability of 64.4 barrer and H2/CH4 selectivity of 153.3 for single gas permeation, which are more than twice the values that were exhibited by a neat polymer membrane. MMM (ZIF-8) also showed better separation properties than that of a neat polymer membrane with H2 permeability of 27.1 barrer and H2/CH4 selectivity of 123.2. When a gas mixture consisting of 78% Ar/18% H2/4% CH4 flowed into the membranes at 5 bar, the H2 purity increased to as high as 93%. However, no improvement in the mixture gas separation performance was achieved by the MMMs as compared to that of a neat polymer membrane.
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Yankovskaya, V. S., N. I. Dunchenko, E. S. Voloshina, S. V. Kuptsova, K. V. Mikhaylova e M. A. Ginzburg. "The development of formulation for curd products based on the methodology of risk qualimetry". IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1052, n. 1 (1 luglio 2022): 012071. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1052/1/012071.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Abstract The authors suggest a new approach to the development of curd products formulation. The approach is based on the methodology of "risk qualimetry" which uses information-matrix models. Defect names are revealed and ranked by the detection rate, as well as reasons for the complaints about the curd products quality that had been coming from retail chains within 5 years. Moreover, the information-matrix model of the influence of the recipe ingredients on the risks of complaints about the curd product quality was presented. The values of the importance indicators were determined and the formulation factors were ranked: low-fat cottage cheese (185.8 points), a structurant (153.9), a functional ingredient (100.3), sugar syrup (60.0) and cream (54.2). The choice of a functional component and a structure former was substantiated. Those components would not only increase the nutritional value of the product, but also minimize the risks of inconsistencies. The formulation of a new curd product with functional components was developed: fat-free curd (65.0%), cream (24.3%), sugar syrup (8.0%), oats cryopowder (1.2%) and red grapes cryopowder (1.5%). The organoleptic evaluation of the prototype model showed high consumer properties.
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Zhang, Guimin, Xinling Liu, Jian Xu, Guoliang Cheng e Juntang Xu. "Comparative analysis of cost–effectiveness between isosorbide-5-mononitrate and isosorbide: a retrospective real-world evaluation". Journal of Comparative Effectiveness Research 9, n. 6 (aprile 2020): 405–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.2217/cer-2019-0099.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Aim: The cost–effectiveness of isosorbide-5-mononitrate (5-ISMN) and isosorbide dinitrate (ISDN) in real-world use in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD; either angina pectoris or myocardial infarction) was retrospectively compared. Method: In this retrospective real-world evaluation, patients with established CHD satisfying the following criteria were selected from information system of two tertiary hospitals in China: with pharmacy claiming for at least one injection of 5-ISMN or ISDN between July 2008 and May 2017; and, CHD patients. By using propensity score matching (PSM), we compared clinical aspects of efficacy, safety, length of hospital stay and cost during hospitalization between 5-ISMN and ISDN group. All data were processed by R statistical package v.2.13.1 (R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria). Result: Of 5609 patients selected, 4047 received 5-ISMN and 1562 received ISDN. After PSM, we acquired 1555 pairs based on balancing of age, sex, insurance and comorbidities on admission. The frequency (4.2 ± 6.6-times vs 6.5 ± 9.5-times; p < 0.05) and total dosage (47.5 ± 153.4 vs 136.4 ± 261.0 mg; p < 0.05) of sublingual nitroglycerin use decreased and hypotension incidence lowered (8.0 vs 13.0%; p < 0.05) in 5-ISMN group compared with ISDN group. Hospital stay (16.0 ± 11.3 days vs 17.7 ± 13.2; p < 0.05) and hospitalization expenditure ([the ratio of cost in the study to the average hospitalization cost in the city] [odds ratio: 2.5 vs 2.6; p < 0.05]) were reduced in 5-ISMN group as with that of ISDN group. Moreover, the main component of hospitalization cost was medical consumables and medications in both the groups. Conclusion: In the present retrospective real-world evaluation, by using PSM analysis, we found that newer injection agent of 5-ISMN was associated with fewer use of sublingual nitroglycerin, less hypotension incidence, shorter length of hospital stay and less hospitalization expenditure related to its comparator ISDN in patients with established CHD. Further evaluation and clinical experience are need in different circumference for the usage of ISDN.
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Mak, Tsz Ning, Imelda Angeles-Agdeppa, Marie Tassy, Mario Capanzana e Elizabeth Offord. "The Nutritional Impact of a Milk for Preschool Children in the Philippines: A Diet Modeling Study". Current Developments in Nutrition 4, Supplement_2 (29 maggio 2020): 1448. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cdn/nzaa061_076.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Abstract Objectives There is high prevalence of micronutrient inadequacy among preschool-children in the Philippines. In addition, 60% of Filipino pre-school children do not consume any dairy on a given day despite the government recommendation of one serving of milk (180 ml) per day. Milk for pre-school children (milk henceforth), a source of energy, protein, and micronutrients, tailored to the nutritional needs of children in this age group, may improve nutrient adequacy in this population. This study models the nutritional impact of adding one serving of milk in the diets of Filipino children who currently do not consume any dairy products. Methods Dietary intake data of Filipino pre-school children aged 3 to 5 years were analyzed from the 8th National Nutrition Survey 2013. Non-dairy consumers were identified (n = 1313) and daily mean intakes of iron, calcium, folate, zinc, thiamine, riboflavin, vitamins C and D were calculated (pre-simulation). A serving of milk was added to each individual's diet and daily mean intakes of nutrients were recalculated (post-simulation). Mean nutrient intakes and percentage of children with inadequacy (using Estimated Average Requirements (EAR) cut-off method) were compared pre- and post-simulations. Results The mean nutrient intakes post-simulation were higher and closer to the Filipino dietary recommendations: iron (pre-simulation (mean ± SD) = 4.8 ± 3.4 mg/d; post-simulation = 6.5 ± 3.4 mg/d), calcium (191.5 ± 153.5 mg/d; 384.9 ± 153.5 mg/d), zinc (2.9 ± 1.9 mg/d; 4.3 ± 1.9 mg/d), thiamine (0.5 ± 0.3 mg/d; 0.7 ± 0.3 mg/d), riboflavin (0.5 ± 2.1 mg/d; 0.7 ± 2.1 mg/d), folate (120.3 ± 101.4 µg/d; 180.8 ± 101.4 µg/d), vitamin C (17.0 ± 29.2 mg/d; 35.8 ± 29.2 mg/d), and vitamin D (1.5 ± 2.2 µg/d; 3.0 ± 2.2 µg/d) respectively (P < 0.001). The proportions of children with inadequate nutrient intakes post-simulation were reduced by 13.3% for iron, 19.2% for calcium, 23.2% for folate, 35.2% for zinc, 34.8% for thiamine, 43.3% for riboflavin, 73.1% for vitamin C, and 4.9% for vitamin D. Conclusions The modeling study shows that if pre-school children (who do not normally consume any dairy) were to meet their dairy recommendations with a single serving of milk tailored to this age group, the proportion of pre-school children in the Philippines with inadequate micronutrient intakes could be reduced. Funding Sources This research project was funded by Nestlé Research.
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Vasil'chuk, Yurij Kirillovich, Nadine Arkad'evna Budantseva, Alexander Pavlovich Ginzburg e Alla Constantinovna Vasil'chuk. "Stable oxygen and hydrogen isotope ratios of the aufeis of the Viluy River valley". Арктика и Антарктика, n. 1 (gennaio 2022): 1–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.7256/2453-8922.2022.1.37931.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The object of the study is the isotope composition of three aufeis (icing) in the Viluy River basin. Two of the three tested icing were located in the wide valleys of the streams-tributaries of the Viluy River, one on the flat bottom of the thermosuffusion sinkholes. The areas of studied icings did not exceed 30 sq. m., their thickness ranges from 45 to 100 cm. Stratification is recorded in the icings. The co-isotope diagram δ2H-δ18O shows that icing ice was formed from spring water and generally is isotopically “lighter” compared to the water of Kysyl-Yurekh stream and Viluy River. The isotope composition of the icing ice varies in a very narrow range: a) for icing 1 δ18O values vary from –19.3 to –20.9‰, δ2H values vary from –156.5 to –162.9‰; b) for icing 2 δ18O values vary from –19.7 to –22.4‰, δ2H values vary from –153.2 to –173.1‰; c) for icing 3 δ18O values vary from –19.8 to –22.7‰, δ2H values vary from –162.9 to –181.3‰. The similarity of the isotope profiles of icing 2 on Viluy and icing IB93-5 on Baylot Island and isotope profiles of icing 3 on Viluy and icing F192-6 on Baylot Island was noted, however, the scale of isotopic variations for icings on Baylot Island are 5-6 times greater than that of Viluy icings.
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Goroshko, O. A., I. S. Zaitsev, D. Huashan, Yu A. Anisimov, L. Songtao e S. V. Pyzhianov. "Remote Tracking of White-Tailed Sea Eagles from Transbaikalia, Russia: Migration, Wintering, Summer Stay". Raptors Conservation, n. 2 (2023): 68–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.19074/1814-8654-2023-2-68-72.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Remote tracking of the White-Tailed Sea Eagle (Haliaeetus albicilla) has not yet been carried out in Transbaikalia (Russia). Four juveniles from two nests (2+2) were tagged on 19/06/2020 in the Selenga River delta, Buryatia (about N 52.21; E 106.45) by GPS/GSM trackers. Tracker No.149 was lost during migration on 05/12/2020 in the western Khangai, Mongolia; No.158 was lost during the first wintering 03/01/2021 (most probable migration was unfinished); No.156, No.157 were lost during third wintering in February-March of 2023. In all cases the signal lost was due to transmitter failure. Data on two autumn migrations is incomplete due to poor tracker condition providing no signal for 3–15 days (No.156 in 2022, No.157 in 2021). Fledging occurred on average on 21/07 (July 15–28); the first short flights within 1 kilometer from the nest on 12/08 (06–21/08); first long flights over 10 km on 11/09 (02/09–02/10); last visit to the nest on 12/10 (06/09–13/11); start of fall migration on 27/10 (8/10–19/11), and its finish on 19/11 (27/10–28/12). The duration of fall migration varies from 14 to 19 days, but in one case No.158 stayed at the stopover site for 25 days, therefore this migration lasted 56 days. During the first fall, No.156 and 157 had 13 and 19 stops and spent there 72% and 68% of total migration time respectively; No.158 spent 85% of the time at 19 stops. The spring migration started on average on 16/03 (11/03–23/03) and finished on 06/04 (30/03–17/04); its duration varies from 10 to 35 days. During the spring migration in 2021 and 2022, No.156 and 157 had an average of 14 stops (9–17) and spent there an average of 78% of time (65–87%). The average speed of fall migration is 110.2 km per day (52–137), of spring migration is 148.7 km per day (63–221.4). Usually, the flight paths in the fall and spring are approximately the same. The total flyway corridor is up to 1,000 km wide within the range from western Khangai mountains to the center of the Gobi Desert. The main flyway is about 300–450 km wide and passes through the Khangai, Mongolian Altai, and Nanshan mountains. The route in total is slightly curved in the western direction as birds try to avoid Gobi Desert. Usually, they cross comparatively narrow 450–500 km wide western margins of the Gobi. But eagles can also migrate using the shortest direct path, crossing about 650–800 km of central Gobi; they use this way only during autumn migration (5 autumn routes over eastern Gobi and 3 over central Gobi for No.156–158). The total length of the routes (without local movement on the migratory stopover sites) varies from 2,333 km (straight path) to 2,934 km (westward curved path). The wintering sites are located in the upper reaches of the Yellow River basin on the eastern fringes of the Tibetan Plateau, China. The No.156 and No.157 consistently returned to the same individual sites for three years: No.157 on the Datun River (about N 37.3; E 101.8); No.156 at two sites in 500–600 km southward of No.157: on the Jiaomuzu River (N 32.01; E 102.02) and Baihe River (N 32.9; E 102.67) about 90 km apart from each other. The No.158 was lost on the Yellow River (about N 34.4; E 101.12) after three days there. Additionally, one juvenile ringed on the Selenga River delta on 18/06/2018 was registered on 24/01/2021 in the upper stream of the Yellow River (N 38.58; E 106.54). The area of the individual wintering range shrinks year by year because the birds explore the territory more in the first years, then they use optimal locations. The home range (more 90% of wintering time) of No.157 were 83.5 km2 in 2020/2021, 63 in 2021/2022, 31.8 in 2022/2023; shrunk by 62% (24% between first and second winter, and 49% between second and third). Area of the first wintering site of No.156 was 525.5 km2 in 2020/2021, and 174.3 km2 in 2021/2022 (shrunk by 66%); the second site was 175 km2 in 2020/2021, 153.7 km2 in 2021/2022 (shrunk by 12%); no exact data for the third winter due to poor transmitter work. The wintering sites on Jiaomuzu and Baihe Rivers are sparsely populated by humans, nearby territories are used as pastures for yaks. The site on Datun River is more densely populated, banks of the river are used as agricultural fields. In daytime the birds stay mainly on the rivers for feeding and they use forest areas or single trees on the river valleys for overnight stay and sometimes for daytime rest; White-Tailed Sea Eagles do not visit agricultural fields or rest on power lines. In summer, eagles have always inhabited the Selenga River delta. In one case No.157 flew to Ilga River on the western side of Baikal Lake in 2021. Similar to winter ranges, summer ranges were smaller in 2022 than in 2021: the No.156 occupied 1,469.9 km2 in 2021, and 881.6 km2 in 2022 (shrunk by 40%); the No.157 occupied 18,558.4 km2 in 2021, 1,844.1 km2 in 2022 (shrunk by 90%).
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Drake, John E., e Jincai Yang. "Synthesis, spectroscopic characterization and structural studies of organotin monothiocarbonates. Crystal structures of Ph3Sn[SCO2Me] and Ph3Sn[SCO2(i-Pr)]". Canadian Journal of Chemistry 78, n. 9 (1 settembre 2000): 1214–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v00-116.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
O-alkyl monothiocarbonate (monoxanthate) derivatives of tin were obtained by the reaction of a sodium salt of the monothiocarbonic acid with an organotin chloride to give Ph3Sn[SCO2R], Ph2Sn[SCO2R]2, and Me3Sn[SCO2R], where R = Me and i-Pr. The compounds have been characterized by infrared, Raman, 1H NMR, and 13C NMR spectroscopy, as well as mass spectrometry, and in two cases by X-ray crystallography. Ph3Sn[SCO2Me] (1) and Ph3Sn[SCO2(i-Pr)] (2), crystallize in the triclinic space group P[Formula: see text] (no. 2) with cell parameters a = 10.218(4), b = 10.568(6), c = 9.366(7) Å, α = 106.73(5), β = 96.99(5), γ = 85.55(4)°, V = 960(1) Å3, and Z = 2 for 1; and a = 14.793(2), b = 17.856(3), c = 9.813(3) Å, α = 103.86(5), β = 98.36(5), γ = 106.85(4)°, V = 2343(1) Å3, and Z = 2 for 2. The latter has two molecules in the asymmetric unit. The immediate environment about tin in both 1 and 2 is that of the expected distorted tetrahedron. However, the orientation of the monothiocarbonate group is such that there is an Sn-O intramolecular interaction of 3.040(8) for 1 and 3.05(2) Å on average for 2. Thus, the considerable distortion is consistent with a tendency to form a five-coordinate, trigonal bipyramidal species with one of the O-Sn-C angles approaching 180o (153.4(4) for 1 and an average of 157.1(6) for 2). Estimations of the Pauling partial bond orders suggest this weak Sn-O interaction is slightly stronger than the corresponding Ge-O interaction in the analogous germanium derivative, Ph3Ge[SCO2Me].Key words: structure, tin, methyl, phenyl, isopropyl, monothiocarbonates.
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Fernandez-Fernandez, Jaime, Alba Herrero-Molleda, Francisco Álvarez-Dacal, Jose Luis Hernandez-Davó e Urs Granacher. "The Impact of Sex and Biological Maturation on Physical Fitness in Adolescent Badminton Players". Sports 11, n. 10 (3 ottobre 2023): 191. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sports11100191.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The main objective of this study was to examine the impact of maturity status and sex on selected measures of physical fitness in adolescent badminton players. Eighty-one badminton players (39 boys, 42 girls; age: 12.7 ± 1.4 years; body height: 153.5 ± 10.5 cm; body mass: 48.3 ± 13.2 kg) participated in the study and were divided into pre-peak height velocity (PHV, n = 31), circa-PHV (n = 29), and post-PHV (n = 21) groups. The assessment of physical fitness included linear sprint (5-m, 10-m) and change-of-direction (CoD) speed tests using a modified 5-0-5 CoD test (CoD deficit [CoDD%]) and an on-court CoD test, as well as the countermovement jump (CMJ) test as a proxy of lower limbs’ muscle power. Pre-PHV players presented lower performance levels (p < 0.001; ES: 1.81–1.21) than post-PHV in CMJ, linear sprint (5, 10-m) speed, and both CoD tests. In addition, compared to circa-PHV, pre-PHV players demonstrated moderately lower performances in the 10 m sprint and CoD tests (p < 0.05; ES: 0.65–1.00). Regarding the CoDD%, no between-group differences were found. Irrespective of the maturity status, boys outperformed girls in CMJ (p = 0.01; ES: 0.71), linear sprint speed (p < 0.05, ES: 0.52–0.77), and the modified 505 test (p = 0.01; ES: 0.71). Findings only showed significant sex-by-maturity interactions for the pre-PHV group. In addition, sex-related performance differences were found in favor of the boys for most measures except for CoDD%. Our results imply that maturity status (i.e., PHV) and not chronological age should be used to design training programs. Female adolescent badminton players should receive specifically targeted exercise interventions based on their fitness status and needs.
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Pessoa, Isabela Maria B. Sclauser, Cristina Martins Coelho, Liliane Patrícia de Souza Mendes, Dayane Montemezzo, Danielle Aparecida Gomes Pereira e Verônica Franco Parreira. "Comparison of three protocols for measuring the maximal respiratory pressures". Fisioterapia em Movimento 28, n. 1 (marzo 2015): 31–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0103-5150.028.001.ao03.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Introduction To avoid the selection of submaximal efforts during the assessment of maximal inspiratory and expiratory pressures (MIP and MEP), some reproducibility criteria have been suggested. Criteria that stand out are those proposed by the American Thoracic Society (ATS) and European Respiratory Society (ERS) and by the Brazilian Thoracic Association (BTA). However, no studies were found that compared these criteria or assessed the combination of both protocols. Objectives To assess the pressure values selected and the number of maneuvers required to achieve maximum performance using the reproducibility criteria proposed by the ATS/ERS, the BTA and the present study. Materials and method 113 healthy subjects (43.04 ± 16.94 years) from both genders were assessed according to the criteria proposed by the ATS/ERS, BTA and the present study. Descriptive statistics were used for analysis, followed by ANOVA for repeated measures and post hoc LSD or by Friedman test and post hoc Wilcoxon, according to the data distribution. Results The criterion proposed by the present study resulted in a significantly higher number of maneuvers (MIP and MEP – median and 25%-75% interquartile range: 5[5-6], 4[3-5] and 3[3-4] for the present study criterion, BTA and ATS/ERS, respectively; p < 0.01) and higher pressure values (MIP – mean and 95% confidence interval: 103[91.43-103.72], 100[97.19-108.83] and 97.6[94.06-105.95]; MEP: median and 25%-75% interquartile range: 124.2[101.4-165.9], 123.3[95.4-153.8] and 118.4[95.5-152.7]; p < 0.05). Conclusion The proposed criterion resulted in the selection of pressure values closer to the individual’s maximal capacity. This new criterion should be considered in future studies concerning MIP and MEP measurements.
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Parsons, Miles, e Mark Meekan. "Acoustic Characteristics of Small Research Vessels". Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 8, n. 12 (27 novembre 2020): 970. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse8120970.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Vessel noise is an acute and chronic stressor of a wide variety of marine fauna. Understanding, modelling and mitigating the impacts of this pollutant requires quantification of acoustic signatures for various vessel classes for input into propagation models and at present there is a paucity of such data for small vessels (<25 m). Our study provides this information for three small vessels (<6 m length and 30, 90 and 180 hp engines). The closest point of approach was recorded at various ranges across a flat, ≈10 m deep sandy lagoon, for multiple passes at multiple speeds (≈5, 10, 20, 30 km h−1) by each vessel at Lizard Island, Great Barrier Reef, Australia. Radiated noise levels (RNLs) and environment-affected source levels (ASLs) determined by linear regression were estimated for each vessel and speed. From the slowest to fastest speeds, median RNLs ranged between 153.4 and 166.1 dB re 1 µPa m, whereas ASLs ranged from 146.7 to 160.0 dB re 1 µPa m. One-third octave band-level RNLs are provided for each vessel–speed scenario, together with their interpolated received levels with range. Our study provides data on source spectra of small vessels to assist in understanding and modelling of acoustic exposure experienced by marine fauna.
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Shang, Jingyu, Yongfeng Jiang e Wenhua Wang. "Heat Stability and Icing Delay on Superhydrophobic Coatings in Facile One Step". Polymers 14, n. 15 (31 luglio 2022): 3124. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14153124.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Superhydrophobic coatings are limited to poor durability and a tedious preparation process. In this work, an efficient, eco-friendly, and cost-effective sol-gel method is developed for preparing superhydrophobic surfaces using an all-in-one suspension composed of methyltrimethoxysilane (MTMS), nano silicon dioxide (SiO2) particles, and micron zinc oxide (ZnO) particles. Superhydrophobic coatings with a contact angle (CA) up to 153.9° and a sliding angle (SA) of about 3.0° are prepared on Q235 steel substrates using MTMS 5 mL, 0.8 g of nano SiO2, and 0.2 g of micron ZnO. The morphology of the superhydrophobic coating is characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and the surface is covered with a micro- and nano-scaled hierarchical rough structure. A series of tests are conducted, including long-term stability tests and thermostability tests. The CAs are all above 150°, and the SAs are below 6.3°, indicating the excellent static stability of the prepared superhydrophobic coatings. Moreover, the CA of the superhydrophobic coating remains above 152° after 120 h of UV exposure, and the time for a water droplet to freeze on the surface of the superhydrophobic coating is 18 times of the bare Q235 steel, indicating that the superhydrophobic coating exhibits good resistance to UV radiation and icing-delay properties.