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1
Lotinga, Alan. « Context matters : general practice and social work – the Birmingham story ». Journal of Integrated Care 23, no 2 (20 avril 2015) : 88–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jica-01-2015-0008.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to describe the approach adopted to building relationships between health and social care in Birmingham. Design/methodology/approach – This is a practical case study, reflecting on personal experience of being directly involved in the situations and discussions described. It supplements a 2012 paper (Lotinga and Glasby, 2012) on the creation of Birmingham’s Health and Well-being Board. Findings – Local history and context is crucial in shaping the nature of local joint working initiatives – understanding where local services have come from and why they have made the choices they have is a crucial pre-requisite for understanding current and future opportunities. Research limitations/implications – This paper aims to place joint working between general practice and social work in a broader organisational, financial and policy setting – and placing local developments in this wider context is crucial for understanding barriers and opportunities locally. Originality/value – In the absence of a detailed evidence base, front-line practice is often far ahead of the current research evidence. This means that local case studies like this are crucial in terms of sharing learning with other areas of the country, with policy makers and with researchers. While many case studies of joint working are small in nature, Birmingham is the largest local authority in Europe – so this paper also contributes learning based on trying to develop joint working in very large, complex authorities.
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Maestripieri, Lara, et Raquel Gallego. « impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on society in southern Europe : the case of social innovation in the care of early childhood in Barcelona ». Revista Española de Sociología 31, no 4 (30 septembre 2022) : a131. http://dx.doi.org/10.22325/fes/res.2022.131.
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A distinctive role of family care defines the southern European welfare models. Several studies have highlighted the functional overload for families with children under three years old, in which unpaid work is mainly provided by women (even when they work full time), in a context in which the public and private childcare provision is insufficient to meet families' needs. In Barcelona, the emergence of socially innovative projects has partially covered the demand for 0-3 childcare. These projects are based on communities of care made up of parents and educators. However, COVID-19 has severely impacted the participants in social innovations such as childminders, free-education nurseries, and community care groups. Educators working in these projects struggled to survive economically when the 2020 spring lockdown forced them to close, while the closures obliged mothers to juggle work with care. This article presents the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on mothers and educators involved in socially innovative 0-3 childcare projects in Barcelona. The paper uses qualitative and quantitative empirical material gathered between May 2020 and June 2021: interviews with representatives of childcare associations, educators and mothers (before and after the outbreak of COVID-19 in Spain), and a survey with mothers with children under three (after the lockdown). The results of our investigation show that the communities behind the projects constituted a crucial resource. Parents and educators helped each other, sharing care and financial resources to keep the projects going and find new solutions to the work-family balance.
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Ponciano, Jean-Jacques, Claire Prudhomme et Frank Boochs. « From Acquisition to Presentation—The Potential of Semantics to Support the Safeguard of Cultural Heritage ». Remote Sensing 13, no 11 (7 juin 2021) : 2226. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs13112226.
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The signature of the 2019 Declaration of Cooperation on advancing the digitization of cultural heritage in Europe shows the important role that the 3D digitization process plays in the safeguard and sustainability of cultural heritage. The digitization also aims at sharing and presenting cultural heritage. However, the processing steps of data acquisition to its presentation requires an interdisciplinary collaboration, where understanding and collaborative work is difficult due to the presence of different expert knowledge involved. This study proposes an end-to-end method from the cultural data acquisition to its presentation thanks to explicit semantics representing the different fields of expert knowledge intervening in this process. This method is composed of three knowledge-based processing steps: (i) a recommendation process of acquisition technology to support cultural data acquisition; (ii) an object recognition process to structure the unstructured acquired data; and (iii) an enrichment process based on Linked Open Data to document cultural objects with further information, such as geospatial, cultural, and historical information. The proposed method was applied in two case studies concerning the watermills of Ephesos terrace house 2 and the first Sacro Monte chapel in Varallo. These application cases show the proposed method’s ability to recognize and document digitized cultural objects in different contexts thanks to the semantics.
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Ahmad, Waqar. « Islam in a Changing Europe ». American Journal of Islam and Society 10, no 2 (1 juillet 1993) : 275–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.35632/ajis.v10i2.2517.
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The conference Islam in a Changing Europe was held amid growingconcern about the future of Islamic and other minority conununities inEurope. The organizers, Hafiz Mirza and David Weir (both at the ManagementCentre), Waqar Ahmad, Charles Husband, and Reg Walker (Departmentof Social and Economic Studies), regarded it as opportune forseveral reasons. First, the Gulf War, the tragic situation in Bosnia, and thecontinuing crises throughout Europe and the Middle East are grim buttimely reminders of the tensions pervading European and Islamic relations,despite strong political, social, and economic ties of mutual interest.The impact on European Muslims is of particular concern, as they are thelarge t minority in Europe and thus primary targets of the "new" racism.Second, this precarious position is further affected by the EuropeanCommunity's pursuit of a Single European Market and, ultimately, a unifiedpolity. The large Islamic communities in the EC, the geographicalproximity of the Islamic world, and the "demonization" of Islam in thewe tern media and political imagination rai e the specter of "Europeanness"being defined in contradistinction to "Islam." Rising fasci t attackson minority conununities throughout Europe are the harbinger of dimgersthat must be understood and addressed now. Moreover, these attacks aremerely the overt manifestations of underlying social change in Europe.The implications for Muslims in Europe need to be examined, as they arcpotentially more invidious because of their subtle and subliminal impact.Finally, and symbolically, in marked contrast to the triumphalist celebrationsin Spain and elsewhere, and a a warning that today's racist andfascist attacks on "non-Europeans" have deep-rooted historical antecedents,it is worth recalling that 1992 is also the five-hundredth anniversaryof the European invasion of the Americas, the expulsion of theJews from Spain, and the extinction of the Muslim kingdom of Granada.In sum, the organizers opined that the position of all minorities willbe thrown into harp relief by the European quest for identity as the majoritycultures of the EC (and further afield) seek to integrate. Islamwould perforce act as the "Other" for a variety of reasons. The focus onIslam was not intended to suggest that the consequences of ongoing276 The American Journal of Islamic Social Sciences 102events in Europe for other minorities were insignificant, but that Islambeingon the front line, as it were-could be treated as a metaphor for theserious predicament of all minorities in a changing Europe. With the helpof a contribution of six thousand pounds sterling from CCETSW (theCentral Council for Education and Training in Social Work), the conferencewas convened to examine the many issues relating to "Islam in aChanging Europe" at both the conceptual and the concrete levels.The conference took place over three days. The fitst day looked atbroader conceptual and historical issues, including "The Other as Islam,""Muslim Communities of Europe," and "citizenship and Participation."FolIowing an initial address by Cllr. Mohammed Ajeeb (Deputy Leaderof Bradford Council), the discussion was initiated by five papers: YasminAlibhai-Brown, "Islam in a Changing Europe: Issues of Citizenship andParticipation"; Noshaba Hussain, "Islam in a Changing Europe: An AlternativePerspective"; Hafiz Mim, "Some Reflections on the EuropeanPerimeter"; Haleh Afshar, "Identity Ascribed and Adopted: The Dilemmaof Muslim Women in Europe"; and Ali Hussein, "Culture, Faith and PoliticalIdeology: Islam in an International Context."The second day was devoted to more concrete case studies: education(initiated by Moeen Yaseen's "Islam and the Educational Systems ofEurope," with David Weir acting as discussant); immigration (PaulGordon, "Islam as Europe's Other: Restrictive Immigration Policy as aResponse to the Muslim Presence," with S. I. Ananthakrishan as the discussant);gender and social policy (Sitara Khan, "Muslim Women inBritain: The Lessons of Experience"); and social welfare (Charles Husbandand Waqar Ahmad, "Religious Identity, Welfare and Citizenship:The Case of Muslims in Britain," with David Divine as the discussant).The final day examined practical strategies relating to specific areasof concern via a series of workshops, including ones on education (convener:Abdul Mabud); women (Noshaba Hussain); and participation(Mansur Ansari). In addition, to round off the conference, two views onMuslim futures were presented by Ishtiaq Ahmad and Zaki Badawi.The whole conference was characterized by a forthright openness.Participants disagreed explicitly and at length, and the invited speakerspresented analyses that were partisan and undiluted by euphemism. Yetwhile the discussions were robust and many different positions werevigorously asserted and defended, there was an exceptional lack of personalanimosity. There was a very real sense of dialogue between the participantsand a commitment to sharing both analyses and experience.The mixture of Islamic scholars, community activists, academics, andother interested individuals, as well as of Muslims and non-Muslims,proved to be an important ingredient in facilitating the successful exchangeof perspectives. What may be incapable of retrieval in the bookthat is planned to follow up the conference will be the atmosphere of ...
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Kassen, Maxat. « Open data in Kazakhstan : incentives, implementation and challenges ». Information Technology & ; People 30, no 2 (5 juin 2017) : 301–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/itp-10-2015-0243.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to analyze the promising potential of open data in Kazakhstan to boost public sector innovations and trace the emergence of the related civic engagement initiatives in order to understand how it affects the democratization of political communication processes in a typical developing country. Design/methodology/approach This is a case study research which begins with a brief history of the official open data project and then investigates various political and socioeconomic drivers, corresponding regulatory acts, the leading role of the key stakeholders and policy entrepreneurs in the diffusion of the open data movement as well as the main challenges associated with the advance of the open government concept in Kazakhstan, while various independent open data-driven projects provide a rich empirical basis for the analysis. Findings Open data provides new opportunities to promote civic engagement and e-participation but does not affect the fundamentals of the political system nor advances democratic institutions in a typical developing country. The traditional directives could paradoxically be effective in advancing open data even in a less collaborative political culture. The unitary administrative context is conducive for the development of the ICT-driven public sector initiatives as a single platform. The existence of independent developers is crucial in promoting various open data-driven projects and sharing related expertise. The open data movement creates a favorable atmosphere for the participation of the non-governmental sector in the sphere. Research limitations/implications This case study is primarily focused on the analysis of the open data movement at the national level of government, taking into account the unitary structure of the public administration system existing in Kazakhstan, which apparently has a crucial fundamental effect on the realization of any e-government system in this country. In this respect, the main limitation of the research is that the possible existence of various open data-driven projects at the local levels that hypothetically may have a different set of political and socioeconomic drivers and challenges was excluded from the final equation, which provides a new window for the future research in the area. Practical implications The results of the research could be used by e-government practitioners and policymakers in evaluating and improving the operation of the open data-driven projects in many developing countries. Social implications The author of the paper tried to develop a universal framework of the case study research that could be used in investigating the open data phenomenon not only in Kazakhstan but also in the context of other developing and transitional countries, especially in analyzing the apparitional emergence of the unique networking activities among the key stakeholders of the open data movement, i.e. policymakers, NGOs, businesses, developers, mass media and citizens. In addition, the results of the analysis could be used in testing the political and socioeconomic implications of the highly centralized e-government approach in the realization of the open data concept in a number of other typical unitary states. Originality/value In scientific works, the open data phenomenon is usually analyzed in the context of the most developed and democratic countries of the world with a vast majority of case studies being focused only on North America and Europe, forgetting that it is a global trend. In contrast to the traditional trends in the academic literature, the author of the paper studies the realization of the concept in an unusual context, resorting to the case study of a typical emerging and post-totalitarian nation such as Kazakhstan and focusing on the analysis of the key drivers and challenges in the diffusion of the open data concept in an attempt to answer the ultimate question: whether it is really harnessed by the members of civil society to promote civic engagement and e-participation.
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Gumiero, Bruna, Jenny Mant, Thomas Hein, Josu Elso et Bruno Boz. « Linking the restoration of rivers and riparian zones/wetlands in Europe : Sharing knowledge through case studies ». Ecological Engineering 56 (juillet 2013) : 36–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoleng.2012.12.103.
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Bäckert, Liliana Tinoco, et Enio Moraes Júnior. « Studies on migration in Europe : paths to think about languages, media, and journalism ». Revista Extraprensa 15, no 2 (15 décembre 2022) : 249–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.11606/extraprensa2022.200022.
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From the point of view of researcher and journalist Tom Moring, Emeritus Professor at the Swedish School of Social Sciences at the University of Helsinki, this interview addresses how language and the social sharing of information impact in the integration process of refugees and migrants. Considering the researcher’s experience and his studies, the interview problematizes the media coverage and the work of journalists around these themes, highlights the connectivity of the variables migration, integration and information, and discusses how the results of European research in the area can be applied in diverse contexts, such as Latin America.
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Anton, Lorena. « On Memory Work in Post-communist Europe ». Anthropological Journal of European Cultures 18, no 2 (1 septembre 2009) : 106–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/ajec.2009.180207.
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Taking the memory of pronatalism in contemporary Romania as a case study, this article is an attempt to view the national politics of memory of contemporary Europe with regard to its communist past from an anthropological perspective. From 1966 to 1989, the communist regime imposed extreme policies of controlled demography in Romania, as it was imputed, for 'the good of the socialist nation'. Profamily measures were developed in parallel to the banning of abortion on request and the making of contraception almost inaccessible. The social remembering of such a difficult past is still a taboo in contemporary Romanian society. This general lack of public remembering, which is still playing a role in the current situation of Romania's reproductive health, is influenced by the interrelations between the different forms of pronatalist memory. The analysis is based on oral history fieldwork conducted between 2003 and 2008, and is theoretically informed by the interdisciplinary field of Memory Studies.
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Berger, Maurits S. « Shifting Paradigms in Islamic Higher Education in Europe : The Case Study of Leiden University ». Religions 12, no 1 (18 janvier 2021) : 63. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rel12010063.
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Islamic higher education finds itself at the cross-roads of a variety of developments: it oscillates between the ‘teaching into’ approach of Theology and the ‘teaching about’ approach of Religious Studies, between the security-driven need for a ‘European Islam’ and a European Muslim-driven need for a high-quality education in ‘Islam in Europe’, between traditional one-way knowledge dissemination and innovative two-way knowledge sharing, and between Islam as defined and discussed by scholars and Islam as defined and discussed by the public. This myriad of dynamics is challenging and a source of tensions among all parties involved, in particular between lecturers and students. In this article, a qualitative self-study research based on personal experiences with various Islamic higher education programs at Leiden University will be used to reflect on the broader developments in Islamic higher education programs in Europe. It argues that thinking about Islamic higher education is not a process of finding solutions to problems but is a process of educational opportunities and innovation.
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Park, Ye-Chan, et Paul Hong. « Knowledge Sharing Practices for Corporate Sustainability : An Empirical Investigation of Sharing Economy Firms in Japan ». Sustainability 14, no 24 (12 décembre 2022) : 16655. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su142416655.
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Qualitative studies of sharing economy research are mostly descriptive case studies in the context of the United States and Europe. Although Asian economies are vibrant and expanding, rarely sharing economy research focuses on Asian contexts. Furthermore, quantitative analysis of sharing economies is rare. For this reason, our research aim is to examine the corporate sustainability of sharing economy companies through qualitative and quantitative analyses. It also shows how knowledge-sharing practices affect corporate sustainability in the context of emerging sharing economy firms in Japan. The contribution of this paper is threefold: (1) to provide a conceptual framework for sharing economy practices in general; (2) to present a specific research model in a Japanese context; (3) to report the qualitative case study findings and discuss the empirical results of testing of hypotheses with statistical validation. The research results suggest that the knowledge creation context has a positive effect on both explorative and exploitative knowledge-sharing practices. Explorative knowledge sharing has a positive effect on sustainability which in turn shows a negative effect on financial performance in the short run but a positive impact in the long run. Theoretical and managerial implications provide valuable insight into how sharing economy firms achieve sustainability goals. Future research issues are also summarized.
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du Vall, Marta, et Marta Majorek. « Media labs–creative cooperation and mutual learning : Case studies across Europe ». SHS Web of Conferences 48 (2018) : 01044. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/20184801044.
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The idea of a media lab is not strictly defined. Media labs, in general, are experimental projects combining creative, research and education activities. As some researchers have concluded, “Media lab is not a name, only a tag that you can describe a specific type of place and - as with tags - use freely, according to and contributing to its conceptual meaning.” The study will present the most contemporary, important theoretical issues regarding media labs which, by creating a platform for exchanging experience and knowledge between people representing different professional groups, such as programmers, culture animators and academic researchers, enable work on projects seeking convergence of knowledge, multimedia and technology. The authors will also focus on case studies to indicate the wide range of possibilities for applying this model of creative cooperation.
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Hui, Ying, Yujiao Wang, Qinlu Sun et Lei Tang. « The Impact of Car-Sharing on the Willingness to Postpone a Car Purchase : A Case Study in Hangzhou, China ». Journal of Advanced Transportation 2019 (2 mai 2019) : 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/9348496.
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This paper aims to explore the potential of car-sharing in reducing car ownership and what are the impact factors. Based on the data of Hangzhou “Fun Car-sharing” system, a discrete choice model was established to study the willingness to postpone car purchase with participation in car-sharing. Compared with previous studies, this study included the variables involved in the questionnaire and those related to the usage characteristics extracted from rental data and GPS data. The questionnaire data indicate that about 50% of respondents will postpone car purchase by participating in car-sharing. The discrete choice model indicates that car-sharing in China can play a role in delaying car purchase. The results further suggest that respondents who use car-sharing more frequently, travel to work by car, or have an activity anchor in their trip are more likely to postpone car purchase. Moreover, respondents whose most common travel purpose of car-sharing is work-related or car purchase plan is definite are less likely to postpone car purchase after participating in car-sharing. The insights gained in this study can help cities and car-sharing operators to formulate relevant policies and regulation that optimally integrate car-sharing services into the overall urban transport systems.
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Phung, Van Dong, Igor Hawryszkiewycz, Daniel Chandran et Binh Minh Ha. « Promoting Knowledge Sharing Amongst Academics : A Case Study from Vietnam ». Journal of Information & ; Knowledge Management 18, no 03 (septembre 2019) : 1950032. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219649219500321.
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This study aims to examine the influences of environmental and personal factors on knowledge-sharing behaviour (KSB) of academics and whether more influence leads to superior innovative work behaviour (IWB) at the tertiary level in Vietnam. A questionnaire survey was conducted as part of the study, including 320 academic staff at Hanoi University, one of the leading public universities in Vietnam. This study applies the structural equation modelling (SEM) to investigate the research model based on social cognitive theory (SCT). The results show that two environmental factors (subjective norms and trust) and two personal factors (knowledge self-efficacy and enjoyment in helping others) significantly influence KSB. The results also indicate that employee willingness to share knowledge enables the organisation to promote innovative work behaviour. The study context was limited to only one Vietnamese university. It appears that the part of a bigger picture of knowledge sharing (KS) in Vietnamese universities is likely to be lost. However, given the previous studies on knowledge sharing in both developed and developing countries, it could be expected that the results of this study can be taken forward by university leaderships, academic staff and researchers in other contexts as well. A clear understanding of the critical factors that influence KSB towards promoting innovative work behaviour may help university leaders to develop suitable and evolving strategies to address the challenges of knowledge sharing. This study contributes to the growing literature on the relationships among environmental and personal factors and KSB towards promoting innovative work behaviour.
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Alves, Hans. « Sharing Rare Attitudes Attracts ». Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin 44, no 8 (11 avril 2018) : 1270–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0146167218766861.
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People like others who share their attitudes. Online dating platforms as well as other social media platforms regularly rely on the social bonding power of their users’ shared attitudes. However, little is known about moderating variables. In the present work, I argue that sharing rare compared with sharing common attitudes should evoke stronger interpersonal attraction among people. In five studies, I tested this prediction for the case of shared interests from different domains. I found converging evidence that people’s rare compared with their common interests are especially potent to elicit interpersonal attraction. I discuss the current framework’s theoretical implications for impression formation and impression management as well as its practical implications for improving online dating services.
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Cui, Wenya, et Guangnian Xiao. « Tripartite Dynamic Game among Government, Bike-Sharing Enterprises, and Consumers under the Influence of Seasons and Quota ». Sustainability 13, no 20 (12 octobre 2021) : 11221. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su132011221.
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After the cast ban on bike-sharing was lifted, bike-sharing entered the quota period. This notion means that the management of bike-sharing began to change from the unified to the diversified government governance, including all sectors of society. This work creates a dynamic game model based on the tripartite interest relationship among the government, bike-sharing enterprises, and consumers, and introduces the government quota policy and seasonal characteristics of bike-sharing into the game model. This model explores the multi-stage dynamic game process among the government, bike-sharing enterprises, and consumers. We draw the following conclusions. The government’s quota policy was effective during peak demand for bike-sharing, but not before the off-peak season. Through the case studies, we verify the feasibility of the government to relax the regulation appropriately in the peak season. We also changed the punishment and reward intensity of bike-sharing enterprises to consumers in the case studies and analyzed the influence of regulation intensity of bike-sharing enterprises on consumer behaviors. The final suggestion is that the government should appropriately relax regulation during peak demand season to reduce costs and strengthen regulation before the off-season of bike-sharing demand. Bike-sharing enterprises should maintain a high level of regulation on consumers, and a low level of regulation has no constraint on consumer behaviors.
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Trickl, T., H. Feldmann, H. J. Kanter, H. E. Scheel, M. Sprenger, A. Stohl et H. Wernli. « Forecasted deep stratospheric intrusions over Central Europe : case studies and climatologies ». Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 9, no 1 (26 janvier 2009) : 2223–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-9-2223-2009.
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Abstract. Based on daily predictions of stratospheric air intrusions, obtained from trajectory calculations by ETH Zürich with wind fields from ECMWF forecasts, a high number of measurements with the ozone lidar at IMK-IFU (Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Germany) were carried out in 2001. The lidar measurements show a large variety of rather different cases. In part, tropopause folds could be fully captured. The frequency of intrusion cases forecasted and verified by vertical sounding or in the in-situ data recorded at the nearby Zugspitze summit (2962 m a.s.l.) exceed that in previous work by more than a factor of two. Three cases mapped with the lidar were selected to validate the results for the corresponding time periods extracted from a one-year run with the new hemispheric version of the chemistry-transport model EURAD. Due to the high spatial resolution chosen for these simulations the agreement with the lidar measurements is satisfactory. The Zugspitze ozone data from 1978 to 2004 were recently filtered by applying different criteria for stratospheric air, based on the 7Be and humidity measurements. Here, by using the daily model forecasts during the time period 2001–2005, we examine three criteria and determine how well they represent the stratospheric air intrusions reaching the mountain site. Seasonal cycles for the period 2001–2005 were derived for the forecasts as well as the intrusion frequency per month for the forecasted intrusions and each of the criteria, distinguishing eight different characteristic transport pathways. In most cases a winter maximum and a summer minimum was obtained, but in the case of cyclonic arrival of intrusions starting over Greenland a late-spring maximum is seen. Two of the filtering criteria examined, based on combining a relative-humidity (RH) threshold of 60% with either a 7Be threshold of 5.5 mBq m−3 or the requirement for RH ≤30% within ±6 h, rather reliably predict periods of deep intrusions reaching the Zugspitze station. An "or" combination of both these criteria yields slightly more cases and covers 77.9% of the intrusions identified. The lack of observations in the complementary 22.1% are mostly explained by overpasses. In this way the long-term trend of stratospheric ozone observed at this site as well as the corresponding ozone budget may be derived on the basis of measurements only. This effort will be the subject of a subsequent publication.
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Trickl, T., H. Feldmann, H. J. Kanter, H. E. Scheel, M. Sprenger, A. Stohl et H. Wernli. « Forecasted deep stratospheric intrusions over Central Europe : case studies and climatologies ». Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 10, no 2 (20 janvier 2010) : 499–524. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-10-499-2010.
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Abstract. Based on daily predictions of stratospheric air intrusions, obtained from trajectory calculations by ETH Zürich with wind fields from ECMWF forecasts, a high number of measurements with the ozone lidar at IMK-IFU (Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Germany) were carried out in 2001. The lidar measurements show a large variety of rather different cases reflecting the full complexity of intrusion episodes that is not visible in classical case studies. In part, tropopause folds could be fully captured. The frequency of intrusion cases forecasted and verified by vertical sounding or in the in-situ data recorded at the nearby Zugspitze summit (2962 m a.s.l.) exceed that in previous work by more than a factor of two. Three cases mapped with the lidar were selected to validate the results for the corresponding time periods extracted from a one-year run with the new hemispheric version of the chemistry-transport model EURAD. Due to the high spatial resolution chosen for these simulations the agreement with the lidar measurements is satisfactory. The Zugspitze ozone data from 1978 to 2004 were recently filtered by applying different criteria for stratospheric air, based on the 7Be and humidity measurements. Here, by using the daily model forecasts during the time period 2001–2005, we examine three criteria and determine how well they represent the stratospheric air intrusions reaching the mountain site. Seasonal cycles for the period 2001–2005 were derived for the forecasts as well as the intrusion frequency per month for the forecasted intrusions and each of the criteria, distinguishing eight different characteristic transport pathways. In most cases a winter maximum and a summer minimum was obtained, but in the case of cyclonic arrival of intrusions starting over Greenland a late-spring maximum is seen. Two of the filtering criteria examined, based on combining a relative-humidity (RH) threshold of 60% with either a 7Be threshold of 5.5 mBq m−3 or the requirement for RH≤30% within ±6 h, rather reliably predict periods of deep intrusions reaching the Zugspitze station. An "or" combination of both these criteria yields slightly more cases and covers 77.9% of the intrusions identified. The lack of observations in the complementary 22.1% are mostly explained by overpasses. In this way the long-term trend of stratospheric ozone observed at this site as well as the corresponding ozone budget may be derived on the basis of measurements only. This effort will be the subject of a subsequent publication.
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Gadola, M., et D. Chindamo. « Experiential learning in engineering education : The role of student design competitions and a case study ». International Journal of Mechanical Engineering Education 47, no 1 (25 décembre 2017) : 3–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0306419017749580.
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Student competitions can play an important role in education: they promote interest and engagement of the students, as well as of the teachers. In the case of engineering, one of the most challenging contests in Europe is the Motostudent event, joined by the University of Brescia (UniBS) in 2016 for the first time. It is a typical implementation of Kolb’s theory of experiential learning, where engineering theory and application meet in an intensive, ‘hands-on’ team work experience, resulting in a very effective learning process that involves the so-called soft skills as well. The paper aims at briefly reviewing the scope of competitions like the Formula SAE and sharing the authors’ experience in a similar event, the Motostudent contest.
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Lee, Douglas W., Daniel W. Fitzick et Ellen J. Bass. « Simulating Human Performance of Task Sharing : Modeling Task Delay and Delegation of Authority ». Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 61, no 1 (septembre 2017) : 786–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1541931213601680.
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In systems that support dynamic allocation of work across human and autonomous agents, analyzing the implications of task sharing can support operational concept development. Computational tools should address not only the taskwork but also the teamwork emerging from the allocation. This paper describes a computational human agent model that manages work by executing or delaying the execution of the task, or by delegating activities to other agents. The agent considers its capacity and strategies for delegation to coordinate with other agents. Using a framework for simulating multiple types of agents, case studies apply this computational human agent model to the evaluation of a concept of operation that distributes work across an air traffic controller capable of delegating and flight deck crews. The case studies show how capacity changes agent utilization and delegation strategies redistribute taskwork across multiple agents while creating teamwork demands.
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Gilman, Jacquelyne. « Negative interest rates : How do they work ? Case studies in Japan, Europe, Switzerland, Sweden, and Denmark ». Journal of Corporate Accounting & ; Finance 32, no 2 (5 février 2021) : 162–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcaf.22490.
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Algarvio, Hugo. « The Economic Sustainability of Variable Renewable Energy Considering the Negotiation of Different Support Schemes ». Sustainability 15, no 5 (2 mars 2023) : 4471. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su15054471.
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The increase in the prices of fossil fuels and environmental issues are leading to a high investment in wind power and solar photovoltaic all over Europe, reducing its dependence on imported fossil fuels. The European countries started incentive programs for investment in these renewable technologies, which consisted of fixed and market premium feed-in tariffs. These feed-in schemes involve long-term contracts with updated prices over inflation. These incentives highly increase the investment and installation of new renewable capacity in Europe. They lead to high renewable penetrations in power systems but originate a tariff deficit due to the difference between market prices and the tariffs paid to these technologies. End-use consumers pay the tariff deficit on retail tariffs. This work analyzes the market-based remuneration of variable renewable energy considering different support schemes and the role of risk-sharing contracts in mitigating the spot price volatility. It presents models able to negotiate bilateral contracts considering risk management, notably risk attitude and risk sharing, bid establishment, and clause (by-laws) negotiation. Furthermore, to evaluate the economic sustainability of renewable generation in Spain, it presents a study for different 12-year support schemes starting in 2010. The results confirmed that, in the case of using risk-sharing contracts during crisis periods, the incidence of low energy prices (price “cannibalization”) decreases, such as the tariff deficit. Furthermore, in the case of high-inflation periods, these contracts hedge against the increase in retail prices, resulting in an economic surplus for consumers.
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HERNANDO MASDEU, JAVIER. « Development and evaluation of oral and written rhetorical skills through essays and case studies ». Revista Jurídica de Investigación e Innovación Educativa (REJIE Nueva Época), no 3 (1 janvier 2011) : 81–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.24310/rejie.2011.v0i3.7917.
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In Europe “civil law” schools the use of cases are often intended to help students to find out the "right" solution in a given legal problem. Among us, in continental Europe, most of law is made by scholars and legislators and the main task of a student in solving a case is place the facts in the right legal or theoretical category, so improving his conceptual management skills and his knowledge of the statutory law. By contrast, in anglo-saxon tradition law is developed mainly by judges, so teaching has much more to do with learning the way lawyers work. Cases and essays are used to discuss topics, and students strenghten their rethorical and argumentative skills. This paper analyzes the origins and development of those differences and shows and specific experience on use of cases and essays in a civil law tradition school (in Spain) in the context of Bologna Process, widely understood in Europe as focused in skills and competences, beyond the traditional role of contents and knowledge.
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Borges, Vera, et Luísa Veloso. « Emerging patterns of artistic organizations in Portugal : A three case studies analysis ». SOCIOLOGIA DEL LAVORO, no 157 (août 2020) : 84–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/sl2020-157005.
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In the wake of the 2008 global financial and economic crisis, new forms of work organization emerged in Europe. Following this trend, Portugal has undergone a reconfiguration of its artistic organizations. In the performing arts, some organiza-tions seem to have crystalized and others are reinventing their artistic mission. They follow a plurality of organizational patterns and resilient profiles framed by cyclical, structural and occupational changes. Artistic organizations have had to adopt new models of work and seek new opportunities to try out alternatives in order to deal, namely, with the constraints of the labour market. The article anal-yses some of the restructuring processes taking place in three Portuguese artistic organizations, focusing on their contexts, individual trajectories and collective missions for adapting to contemporary challenges of work in the arts. We conclude that organizations are a key domain for understanding the changes taking place.
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MARX, IVE, JOSEFINE VANHILLE et GERLINDE VERBIST. « Combating In-Work Poverty in Continental Europe : An Investigation Using the Belgian Case ». Journal of Social Policy 41, no 1 (15 juin 2011) : 19–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0047279411000341.
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AbstractRecent studies find in-work poverty to be a pan-European phenomenon. Yet in-work poverty has come to the fore as a policy issue only recently in most continental European countries. Policies implemented in the United States and the United Kingdom, most notably in-work benefit schemes, are much discussed. This article argues that if it comes to preventing and alleviating poverty among workers, both the policy options and constraints facing Continental European policymakers are fundamentally different from those facing Anglo-Saxon policymakers. Consequently, policies that work in one setting cannot be simply emulated elsewhere. We present microsimulation derived results for Belgium to illustrate some of these points. Policy options discussed and simulated include: higher minimum wages, reductions in employee social security contributions, tax relief for low-paid workers and the implementation of a stylised version of the British Working Tax Credit. The latter measure has the strongest impact on in-work poverty, but in settings where wages are compressed, as in Belgium, a severe trade-off between coverage and budgetary cost presents itself. The article concludes that looking beyond targeted measures to universal benefits and support for employment of carers may be important components of an overall policy package to tackle in-work poverty.
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Yau, Peter ChunYu, Dennis Wong et Andrew Lam. « Continuous Education through Building a Work-and-Learn Relationship : How Does the Industrial Attachment Program Work in Hong Kong ». International Journal of Information and Education Technology 10, no 11 (2020) : 854–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.18178/ijiet.2020.10.11.1470.
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In this paper, we reviewed the current university funding situation in Hong Kong for the past five years. We also reviewed the trend of student enrollment numbers to tertiary education in contrast to the support of the continuous education fund (CEF) for citizens. How personal development was build and how the programs were organized will be discussed. An in-depth analysis of the Industrial Attachment (IA) program (sometimes may be called internship program) was studied via three case studies, to understand the program arrangement, effectiveness, and impaction towards the sense of continuous education from the students’ perspective. The case studies we provided include former students sharing their training experience gained from working in a software development house, a financial institute, and a school respectively. Results showed that the industrial attachment program gives various positive implications to the participants in academic, career, and life-long perspectives, which life-long implication is the one affected students the most among the three.
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Coffey, John W., et Thomas Eskridge. « Case Studies of Knowledge Modeling for Knowledge Preservation and Sharing in the US Nuclear Power Industry ». Journal of Information & ; Knowledge Management 07, no 03 (septembre 2008) : 173–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s021964920800207x.
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As populations age and large numbers of skilled workers progress toward retirement, the importance of preserving and sharing expert knowledge is becoming an increasing concern for organisations worldwide. This article contains descriptions of two case studies involving initiatives to elicit, preserve, and share expert knowledge in the nuclear power industry using a knowledge modeling toolkit named CmapTools and knowledge elicitation techniques that were originated at the Institute for Human and Machine Cognition, Pensacola, FL., USA. Along with an account of preparations for the work including the selection of the experts, the course of the sessions, results and impacts of the studies, missed opportunities, and lessons learned are described. Some similarities and some interesting differences between the case studies are discussed.
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Irving, Christine Margaret. « Collecting case studies / exemplars of good practice to enrich The National Information Literacy Framework (Scotland) ». Library and Information Research 33, no 105 (2 février 2010) : 10–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.29173/lirg206.
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This paper discusses the challenges, process and reasons for collecting case studies / exemplars of good practice from practitioners to enrich The National Information Literacy Framework (Scotland). The lessons learned show that there is a tendency for people to think they are not doing anything special and therefore do not respond to emails for exemplars of good practice. They are however once contacted happy to share their practice. It is therefore essential to use networks of contacts, leave plenty of time to talk, visit and work with people on submitting their work as a case study / exemplar. Sharing practice also contributes to professional development both for the individual and their community and to the field of research.
Background information is provided on the national framework, the project funding, the project partners and the range of examples collected for different sectors. Plus use of templates and Web 2 tools.
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Morell, Mayo Fuster. « The Unethics of Sharing : Wikiwashing ». International Review of Information Ethics 15 (1 septembre 2011) : 9–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.29173/irie219.
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In order for online communities to assemble and grow, some basic infrastructure is necessary that makes possible the aggregation of the collective action. There is a very intimate and complex relationship between the technological infrastructure and the social character of the community which uses it. Today, most infrastructure is provided by corporations and the contrast between community and corporate dynamics is becoming increasingly pronounced. But rather than address the issues, the corporations are actively obfuscating it. Wikiwashing refers to a strategy of corporate infrastructure providers where practices associated to their role of profit seeking corporations (such as abusive terms of use, privacy violation, censorship, and use of voluntary work for profit purposes, among others) that would be seen as unethical by the communities they enable are concealed by promoting a misleading image of themselves associated with the general values of wikis and Wikipedia (such as sharing and collaboration, openness and transparency). The empirical analysis is based on case studies (Facebook , Yahoo! and Google) and triangulation of several methods.
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Agyeiwaah, Elizabeth. « Over-tourism and sustainable consumption of resources through sharing : the role of government ». International Journal of Tourism Cities 6, no 1 (14 octobre 2019) : 99–116. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijtc-06-2019-0078.
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Purpose Over-tourism signifies the dilemma of managing tourism growth in cities. With growing media sensationalism and an oversimplification of the phenomenon of over-tourism, its academic theorization has become extremely important. Using Macau, a Special Administrative Region of China as a case in point, the purpose of this paper is to theoretically explore the nexus between over-tourism and sustainable consumption in cities, highlighting governments’ inevitable role in this successful convergence. Design/methodology/approach The study is based on a selective systematic literature review (SLR) of existing studies in the form of both news material and academic journals. It investigates the growing concern of over-tourism and the contribution of sustainable consumption grounded in strong political support. It also adopts a case study approach with specific reference to Macau. Findings The general overview of the literature provides evidence of an age-old concept that has re-emerged to make local residents’ voice more pronounced. Generally, the studies concentrate on understanding residents’ attitudes, the perceived impact of over-tourism, community resilience and sustainable strategies to tackle the problem. Most popular studies are recent (i.e. 2018 and beyond) and empirically set in developed cities of Europe. Research limitations/implications The SLR used in the current study requires further empirical testing to validate some of the proposed concepts in the literature. Practical implications The study highlights the role of government in ensuring that sustainable consumption is sustainably implemented in the context of over-tourism. Originality/value Given the re-emergence of over-tourism, yet with few theoretical discussions on the concept, this study serves as a knowledge-base for future studies both empirically and theoretically.
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Winslow, Julia, et Oksana Mont. « Bicycle Sharing : Sustainable Value Creation and Institutionalisation Strategies in Barcelona ». Sustainability 11, no 3 (30 janvier 2019) : 728. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11030728.
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A highly debatable issue is whether or not a paradigm shift toward the sharing economy could help to address the economic, social and environmental challenges of our time. This article contributes to the academic discussion by exploring the types of value created by sharing organisations and the strategies they use to institutionalise themselves in relation to powerful institutions. The study applies two analytical frameworks, based on value creation and institutional strategies, to three empirical case studies of bicycle sharing systems (BSS) in Barcelona. Rich data was collected from a variety of primary and secondary sources, including a field visit to Barcelona, interviews with representatives of the three bicycle sharing systems, observations and literature analysis. We found that the environmental value these organisations create is closely interlinked with the social value they produce and that these values outweigh negative impacts of their operations. All case organisations employ regulative, normative and cultural-cognitive strategies for their institutionalisation but are also subject to powerful institutions beyond their individual control. We recommend that entrepreneurs, city officials, the public and other stakeholders engage in collaborative and open development processes to shape the emerging sharing economy alongside the institutional work of sharing organisations.
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Langlands, Rebecca. « Latin Literature ». Greece and Rome 61, no 1 (4 mars 2014) : 118–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0017383513000284.
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First up for review here is a timely collection of essays edited by Joseph Farrell and Damien Nelis analysing the way the Republican past is represented and remembered in poetry from the Augustan era. Joining the current swell of scholarship on cultural and literary memory in ancient Greece and Rome, and building on work that has been done in the last decade on the relationship between poetry and historiography (such as Clio and the Poets, also co-edited by Nelis), this volume takes particular inspiration from Alain Gowing's Empire and Memory. The individual chapter discussions of Virgil, Ovid, Propertius, and Horace take up Gowing's project of exploring how memories of the Republic function in later literature, but the volume is especially driven by the idea of the Augustan era as a distinct transitional period during which the Roman Republic became history (Gowing, in contrast, began his own study with the era of Tiberius). The volume's premise is that the decades after Actium and the civil wars saw a particularly intense relationship develop with what was gradually becoming established, along with the Principate, as the ‘pre-imperial’ past, discrete from the imperial present and perhaps gone forever. In addition, in a thought-provoking afterword, Gowing suggests that this period was characterized by a ‘heightened sense of the importance and power of memory’ (320). And, as Farrell puts it in his own chapter on Camillus in Ovid's Fasti: ‘it was not yet the case that merely to write on Republican themes was, in effect, a declaration of principled intellectual opposition to the entire Imperial system’ (87). So this is a unique period, where the question of how the remembering of the Republican past was set in motion warrants sustained examination; the subject is well served by the fifteen individual case studies presented here (bookended by the stimulating intellectual overviews provided by the editors’ introduction and Gowing's afterword). The chapters explore the ways in which Augustan poetry was involved in creating memories of the Republic, through selection, omission, interpretation, and allusion. A feature of this poetry that emerges over the volume is that the history does not usually take centre stage; rather, references to the past are often indirect and tangential, achieved through the generation and exploitation of echoes between history and myth, and between past and present. This overlaying crops up in many guises, from the ‘Roman imprints’ on Virgil's Trojan story in Aeneid 2 (Philip Hardie's ‘Trojan Palimpsests’, 117) to the way in which anxieties about the civil war are addressed through the figure of Camillus in Ovid's Fasti (Farrell) or Dionysiac motifs in the Aeneid (Fiachra Mac Góráin). In this poetry, history is often, as Gowing puts it, ‘viewed through the prism of myth’ (325); but so too myth is often viewed through the prism of recent history and made to resonate with Augustan concerns, especially about the later Republic. The volume raises some important questions, several of which are articulated in Gowing's afterword. One central issue, relating to memory and allusion, has also been the subject of some fascinating recent discussions focused on ancient historiography, to which these studies of Augustan poetry now contribute: How and what did ancient writers and their audiences already know about the past? What kind of historical allusions could the poets be expecting their readers to ‘get’? Answers to such questions are elusive, and yet how we answer them makes such a difference to how we interpret the poems. So Jacqueline Febre-Serris, for instance, argues that behind Ovid's spare references to the Fabii in his Fasti lay an appreciation of a complex and contested tradition, which he would have counted on his readers sharing; while Farrell wonders whether Ovid, by omitting mention of Camillus’ exile and defeat of the Gauls, is instructing ‘the reader to remember Veii and to forget about exile and the Gauls’ or whether in fact ‘he counts on having readers who do not forget such things’ (70). In short this volume is an important contribution to the study of memory, history, and treatments of the past in Roman culture, which has been gathering increasing momentum in recent years. Like the conference on which it builds, the book has a gratifyingly international feel to it, with papers from scholars working in eight different countries across Europe and North America. Although all the chapters are in English, the imprint of current trends in non-Anglophone scholarship is felt across the volume in a way that makes Latin literature feel like a genuinely and excitingly global project. Rightly, Gowing points up the need for the sustained study of memory in the Augustan period to match that of Uwe Walter's thorough treatment of memory in the Roman republic; Walter's study ends with some provocative suggestions about the imperial era that indeed merit further investigation, and this volume has now mapped out some promising points of departure for such a study.
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Nylund, Hans. « Regional cost sharing in expansions of electricity transmission grids ». International Journal of Energy Sector Management 8, no 3 (26 août 2014) : 283–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijesm-04-2013-0001.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to analyse how the regional effects of expansion can be managed under the constraints of voluntary cooperation. This paper studies international cooperation on electricity transmission expansions in a region of countries that shares a joint electricity infrastructure. Design/methodology/approach – Cooperative game theory and the partition-function form were applied in combination with benefit–cost ratios to model and analyse the incentives to cooperate under different cost allocation rules. Empirical background was provided by a case study of a transmission investment agreement made on the Nordic electricity market. Findings – Both cost sharing and the composition of expansion plans were identified as ways of reaching regional agreements. It was found that agreements based on proportional division of costs in relation to benefits were the best choice for voluntary cooperation. Research limitations/implications – The study did not analyse the effects or relevance of surplus sharing in addition to that implied by cost sharing, nor has it studied the regulatory and legal requirements for implementing side-payments between countries in grid expansions. These issues could benefit from more study. Practical implications – The results are relevant for the development of international cooperation on grid expansions and as an input to regulations and policies aimed at promoting regional perspectives, in particular for the case of a single internal energy market in Europe. Originality/value – The paper contributes with an analysis of incentives for transmission expansions in a multinational environment subject to voluntary provision and a lack of supranational authorities with decision power.
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Coletti, Giovanni, Giulia Bosio, Alberto Collareta, John Buckeridge, Sirio Consani et Akram El Kateb. « Palaeoenvironmental analysis of the Miocene barnacle facies : case studies from Europe and South America ». Geologica Carpathica 69, no 6 (1 décembre 2018) : 573–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/geoca-2018-0034.
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Abstract Acorn barnacles are sessile crustaceans common in shallow-water settings, both in modern oceans and in the Miocene geological record. Barnacle-rich facies occur from polar to equatorial latitudes, generally associated with shallow-water, high-energy, hard substrates. The aim of this work is to investigate this type of facies by analysing, from the palaeontological, sedimentological and petrographical points of view, early Miocene examples from Northern Italy, Southern France and South-western Peru. Our results are then compared with the existing information on both modern and fossil barnacle-rich deposits. The studied facies can be divided into two groups. The first one consists of very shallow, nearshore assemblages where barnacles are associated with an abundant hard-substrate biota (e.g., barnamol). The second one includes a barnacle-coralline algae association, here named “barnalgal” (= barnacle / red algal dominated), related to a deeper setting. The same pattern occurs in the distribution of both fossil and recent barnacle facies. The majority of them are related to very shallow, high-energy, hard-substrate, a setting that represents the environmental optimum for the development of barnacle facies, but exceptions do occur. These atypical facies can be identified through a complete analysis of both the skeletal assemblage and the barnacle association, showing that barnacle palaeontology can be a powerful tool for palaeoenvironmental reconstruction.
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Waring, PhD, PGCert L&T, MSc, BSc (Hons), Sara, Michael Humann, PhD, PGCert L&T, MSc, BSc (Hons) et Natasha Dawson, MSc, BSc (Hons). « Facilitators and barriers to effective information sharing during international disaster response ». Journal of Emergency Management 17, no 6 (1 décembre 2019) : 469–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.5055/jem.2019.0440.
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Effective information sharing is essential for the successful management of disasters. But as 30 years’ worth of UK public inquiries repeatedly highlight, differences in terminology and goals across agencies can make this difficult to achieve. The growing scale and intensity of disasters raises additional challenges, with emergency responders being required to work across regions and even countries. The following study focuses on identifying facilitators and barriers to information sharing in dynamic contexts, where interdisciplinary teams from across geographic regions form ad hoc to rapidly address challenges. This case study draws on 257 naturalistic observations made by subject-matter experts during the largest disaster management exercise to take place in Europe to date. The 4-day exercise, funded by the European Commission, involved over 5,000 emergency responders from the UK, Cyprus, Hungary, and Italy, providing a unique opportunity to examine information sharing practices across international boundaries. Results of a mixed-method analysis highlight that barriers within and between countries are particularly prevalent during periods of greater uncertainty. These barriers include language and technological difficulties, differences in roles and responsibilities, and failure to co-locate and coordinate activities. Developing shared frames of reference, including adopting common structures for presenting information and understanding roles and responsibilities, facilitates information sharing, potentially reducing cognitive load. Implications for developing evidence-based approaches to disaster response are discussed.
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Konecka-Szydłowska, B., et M. Czupich. « Coworking — A New Entrepreneurship Model in the Sharing Economy ». Economy of regions 18, no 1 (2022) : 280–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.17059/ekon.reg.2022-1-20.
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The starting point for the considerations contained in the article is ‘the sharing economy’ as a new business model. It modifies the way resources are used. Nowadays, possession of resources loses its significance at the expense of their temporary accessibility. In this context, resources can be numerous: time, skills, cars, bicycles, living and office space, just to name a few. In the last case, sharing is referred to as ‘coworking’. It is identified with the new work culture, which enables freelancers and other people working remotely to concentrate in a shared office space. The research hypothesis concerns differences in the functioning of coworking spaces depending on the location. These spaces can be found not only in large cities but more often in small towns and rural areas. Their offer and way of functioning significantly differ. The purpose of the article is to present the essence of coworking and the differences arising from the functioning of coworking spaces in large cities as well as in small towns and rural areas. The article uses employs such research methods as literature studies and case studies from the USA, Italy, Ireland, Serbia and Poland. Literature studies were used to present the idea of coworking, its benefits and users. It was also indicated that coworking spaces bring added value in the form of such values as, among others, community, openness, and cooperation. Analysis of case studies has shown that examples of coworking derived from small towns and rural areas, unlike the ones in agglomerations, arise as a result of grass-roots initiatives, they are not of a commercial nature, and their survival is very precarious. Even though their offer is much more modest than that of network ones from large cities, they use their potential. It can be presumed that the level of relations between coworking participants (mutual assistance, cooperation, trust) is inversely proportional to the size of the city/rural area. This is a contribution to further in-depth research on the features of coworking spaces.
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Van den Brandt, Nella, et Sandra Wallenius-Korkalo. « Negotiating Religion ». Temenos - Nordic Journal of Comparative Religion 56, no 2 (21 décembre 2020) : 227–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.33356/temenos.79326.
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This article analyses the production of gendered subjectivities in contemporary cultural representations of women and girls belonging to conservative protestant communities in Northern and Western Europe. We take the recent work of the Finnish and Dutch female novelists Pauliina Rauhala and Franca Treur as our case study. We explore how their novels represent the negotiations of women and girls from conservative protestant faiths and traditions. Approaching the novels as narratives of sense-making, we focus on notions of creativity and imagination, and gendered embodied experiences. Our analysis thus sheds light on contemporary understandings of women in conservative religions in contemporary Northern and Western Europe.
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Davidavičienė, Vida, Khaled Al Majzoub et Ieva Meidute-Kavaliauskiene. « Factors Affecting Knowledge Sharing in Virtual Teams ». Sustainability 12, no 17 (25 août 2020) : 6917. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12176917.
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The development and use of information and communications technology (ICT) are growing at a rapid speed across the world. ICT has been the cause for new types of work arrangements, such as virtual organizations, virtual teams, teleworking, etc. Virtual teams provide organizations with competitive advantage by enabling them to hire talented people across the world and eliminating the need for physical availability in the office. However, one major issue hindering the productivity of the virtual team is knowledge sharing. The lack of proper knowledge sharing between team members may cause organizations to fail with regards to the implementation of successful strategies. The research into understanding knowledge sharing in virtual teams (VT) in the Middle East is lacking. While such studies have been done in the United States and Europe, the Middle East has been overlooked. In this study, the authors assume that there are some specific behavioral aspects of VT in the Middle East that create the need for specific scientific solutions. Accordingly, this study was conducted in the Middle East in order to gain scientific knowledge on the region’s specificity. The objective of this article is to create a model for the evaluation of the effect on knowledge sharing in virtual teams in the Middle East. For analysis, the selection of companies includes United Arab Emirates (UAE)-based companies in the IT industry whose businesses engage in VT. The results show that the following factors have a direct effect on knowledge sharing in VT: Culture, motivation, conflict, ICT, trust, and leadership. Conversely, the results do not demonstrate that language has any impact on knowledge sharing. The methodology used is as follows: Literature review, survey methods, and structural equation modeling.
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Pallares-Barbera, Montserrat, et Antònia Casellas. « Social networks as the backbone of women’s work in the Catalan Pyrenees ». European Urban and Regional Studies 26, no 1 (13 septembre 2017) : 65–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0969776417730864.
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This paper discusses how historically the accumulation of symbolic power by men produced a glass ceiling for women in the Catalan Pyrenees and how women have overcome this constraint by engaging in male-led networks, founding gender balanced networks and developing women-nurtured networks. Through semi-structured qualitative interviews and ethnographic research, the paper investigates the strategies women employed to maintain their involvement in networking activities over a 10-year period. The paper identifies the importance of being connected with horizontal organizations and the empowerment of sharing experiences provided by social bridge agents. The results of this research make a strong case for more inclusive and gender-aware policies in rural areas as a means to promote economic and social viability while empowering women.
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Bakri, A. S., S. Saidan Khaderi et A. S. Abd Shukor. « A Cross-case Analysis on the Barriers to Knowledge Sharing Practices in Construction Joint Ventures ». IOP Conference Series : Earth and Environmental Science 1067, no 1 (1 octobre 2022) : 012068. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1067/1/012068.
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Abstract Construction joint ventures often used as a strategic platform to facilitate learning and acquire knowledge associated with individual partner skills and capabilities, and further integrate the new knowledge into their own system and structure. Although previous literature has highlighted many benefits of joint ventures, in reality it does not work well as people are often hesitant to share their knowledge and experience. Furthermore, the nature of construction projects and temporary setting of joint venture organisations often results in difficulty to retain the knowledge of each project member once the project completed, and the joint venture dissolved. Such problems become more critical in the local-foreign joint venture projects where knowledge has to be shared across different organisations and national culture. This research paper aims to assess the barriers for knowledge sharing practices by using cross-case analysis of joint venture projects as case studies. This research took a qualitative approach with a multiple-case study method adopted to perform exploratory case studies into construction joint ventures in Malaysia. Qualitative data were collected using the semi-structured interview techniques with 20 interviewees from two case studies. The primary data was analysed using content analysis and cognitive mapping techniques. The research findings revealed several barriers to knowledge sharing practices within joint venture project settings such as the cultural barriers, lack of loyalty and project continuity, language barriers, unwilling to share and learn; and lack of time. The Malaysian construction industry is taking initiatives to improve its current project performance through capacity development which is one of the strategic thrusts outlined in CIDB Construction Revolution 4.0 (CR4.0). The capacity development can be done by encouraging the collaboration between construction participants. It gives a very significant justification for undertaking this research focusing on improving the collaboration and project performance of joint venture project settings through effective knowledge sharing.
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Altman, Meryl. « Beauvoir, Hegel, War ». Hypatia 22, no 3 (2007) : 66–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1527-2001.2007.tb01091.x.
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The importance of Hegel to the philosophy of Simone de Beauvoir, both to her early philosophical texts and to The Second Sex, is usually discussed in terms of the master-slave dialectic and a Kojève-influenced reading, which some see her as sharing with Sartre, others persuasively describe as divergent from and corrective to Sartre's. Altman shows that Hegel's influence on Beauvoir's work is also wider, both in terms of what she takes on board and what she works through and rejects, and that her reading of Hegel is crucially inflected by two additional circumstances that Sartre did not entirely share: the experience of her first serious study of Hegel as a noncombatant in Paris during the German occupation and her earlier direct exposure to an eccentric, idealist reading of Hegel as developed by the group Philosophies in connection with surrealism and the artistic avant-garde. Altman also explores the afterlife of Hegel's influence on Beauvoir on second-wave feminism in the United States and Europe, and suggests continuing relevance to feminist theory today.
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Huong Tran, Thi Thanh, Paul Childerhouse et Eric Deakins. « Supply chain information sharing : challenges and risk mitigation strategies ». Journal of Manufacturing Technology Management 27, no 8 (3 octobre 2016) : 1102–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jmtm-03-2016-0033.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate how managers perceive risks associated with sharing information with trading partners, and how they attempt to mitigate them. Design/methodology/approach In this exploratory New Zealand study, qualitative research was conducted involving semi-structured interviews with boundary spanning managers who are responsible for inter-organizational interfaces. Multiple case studies in different industries are used to highlight managers’ perceptions of risks in data exchange process throughout the supply network, and their underlying reasoning. Findings Managers perceive several types of risks when exchanging information across external supply chain interfaces, and adopt different approaches to handling them. The research also reinforces the vital role played by interpersonal relationships and trust as key enablers of inter-organizational cooperation. Research limitations/implications The findings are based on a small sample of 11 case companies based in a single New Zealand province, thereby potentially restricting generalizability. Future work could usefully extend the sample size in order to investigate the correlations between firm sizes, levels of trust, and degrees of data integration within particular industry sectors. Practical implications The findings will help managers understand and evaluate different types of risks in the data exchange process, and enable them to make better decisions that enhance information sharing and supply chain performance. Originality/value Perceived information sharing risks are peculiar to the individual actors, and as such need to be mitigated through changes to their socially constructed perceptions. This work extends the literature on understanding the various dimensions of inter-organizational information sharing.
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Castelló-Mayo, Enrique, Margarita Ledo-Andión, Antía López-Gómez et Silvia Roca Baamonde. « Key Challenges and Recommendations to Provide Europe With a Film-Subtitling Protocol in the Digital Era Through Three Case Studies ». Comunicação e Sociedade 40 (20 décembre 2021) : 225–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.17231/comsoc.40(2021).3513.
Texte intégralRésumé :
By analysing European cultural policies and paradigmatic case studies, this article highlights the close link between the normalisation of minority languages in Europe and film subtitling. Film subtitling is an activity that urgently needs to be protocolised insofar as it guarantees both the preservation of the cultural originality of the audiovisual work and its value as tangible and intangible European cultural heritage. To do so, we will analyse the legal divide between the all-encompassing European Union declarations and their implementation by state and local administrations, which often occur in erratic, random, contingent packages of measures that lead to a systemic absence of results. Finally, we will propose some key challenges and recommendations to provide Europe with a film subtitling protocol to promote cultural diversity and normalise non-hegemonic languages.
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Mazzonetto, Marzia, et Peter McGrath. « Science communication between scientists and publics in developing countries. A knowledge-sharing experience ». Journal of Science Communication 04, no 03 (21 septembre 2005) : C01. http://dx.doi.org/10.22323/2.04030301.
Texte intégralRésumé :
How does knowledge sharing affect scientists' everyday work in developing countries? And how important is it for the development not only of new scientific research, but also for improving the living conditions of local inhabitants? These are the questions that a group of scientists met to discuss during an international workshop on Knowledge Sharing for Local Development in the South held in Trieste, Italy (4-6 July 2005). Based on their personal experiences, their thoughts and opinions create an interesting insight into new practices for the public communication of science, medicine and technology from a point of view that is often under-estimated: the one of the scientists themselves. The workshop, organized by the Third World Network of Scientific Organizations (TWNSO) and the United Nations Development Programme's Special Unit for South-South Cooperation (UNDP-SSC), showcased 15 case studies that utilized a variety of knowledge sharing methods, and, in doing so, highlighted the critical role that knowledge sharing plays in sustainable development. For more information: http://www.twnso.org
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Wagner, Thomas D., Esther Palomar, Khaled Mahbub et Ali E. Abdallah. « A Novel Trust Taxonomy for Shared Cyber Threat Intelligence ». Security and Communication Networks 2018 (5 juin 2018) : 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/9634507.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Cyber threat intelligence sharing has become a focal point for many organizations to improve resilience against cyberattacks. The objective lies in sharing relevant information achieved through automating as many processes as possible without losing control or compromising security. The intelligence may be crowdsourced from decentralized stakeholders to collect and enrich existing information. Trust is an attribute of actionable cyber threat intelligence that has to be established between stakeholders. Sharing information about vulnerabilities requires a high level of trust because of the sensitive information. Some threat intelligence platforms/providers support trust establishment through internal vetting processes; others rely on stakeholders to manually build up trust. The latter may reduce the amount of intelligence sources. This work presents a novel trust taxonomy to establish a trusted threat sharing environment. 30 popular threat intelligence platforms/providers were analyzed and compared regarding trust functionalities. Trust taxonomies were analyzed and compared. Illustrative case studies were developed and analyzed applying our trust taxonomy.
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Raggi, L., L. Caproni et V. Negri. « Landrace added value and accessibility in Europe : what a collection of case studies tells us ». Biodiversity and Conservation 30, no 4 (11 février 2021) : 1031–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10531-021-02130-w.
Texte intégralRésumé :
AbstractIn the actual climate change scenario, in situ conservation of plant genetic resources for food and agriculture can significantly contribute broadening the diversity of our food system as well as increasing its resilience; nevertheless, landrace cultivation has been dramatically reduced in the last decades all over Europe. One of the most effective approaches to counteract the loss of landrace diversity in situ is facilitating its use. Aims of this study were to (i) describe how in situ maintenance of landraces occurs in different agro-environmental conditions in Europe and (ii) identify the main factors influencing landrace added values and accessibility as means to increase their adoption by new farmers. To the purpose, a collection of 95 case studies of both garden and open field landraces maintained in situ was analysed. A first description was obtained by classifying the information into 18 purposely defined categories. Data on landraces added values and accessibility were further transformed into weighted variables; the derived quantitative scores were then used as dependent variables in univariate and multivariate analyses. Results showed that farmers alone are still the main actors maintaining landraces in situ across different European biogeographical regions, mainly carrying out their activity under organic or low-input conditions, often in marginal areas. Results of the multivariate analysis showed that (i) type of actor involved in the multiplication, (ii) the main use of the product and (iii) presence of promotion actions significantly affect garden landraces added value and accessibility; presence of promotion actions was the only factor affecting added value of open field entries. Evidence arising from this work can contribute to the establishment of a fruitful ground of discussion for future European policies and strategies to protect and increase landrace use.
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Díaz Córdova, Jaime Fabian, Edisson Coba Molina et Adriana Bombon Mayorga. « Facturación electrónica versus facturación clásica. Un estudio en el comportamiento financiero mediante estudios de casos / Classical versus Electronic invoicing. A study of the financial behavior through case studies ». Ciencia Unemi 9, no 18 (8 septembre 2016) : 63. http://dx.doi.org/10.29076/issn.2528-7737vol9iss18.2016pp63-72p.
Texte intégralRésumé :
La Facturación Electrónica (F-e) surge por el avance tecnológico, desde la aparición de internet, estos documentos digitales buscan reemplazar a la Factura Tradicional (F-t). Los primeros indicios de facturación electrónica fueron en 1997 a través del Organismo Europe Articule Numbering Associatión (EAN-UCC) actualmente Global System One (GS1). Con la obligatoriedad de aplicar facturación electrónica desde el año 2009, el objetivo de este artículo es evaluar a través de estudios de casos los costos unitarios al emitir facturas tradicionales versus el costo unitario al implementar facturación electrónica. Las variables estudiadas fueron sueldos, suministros, mantenimiento, depreciación en base a los estados financieros reflejados en el formulario 101 ó 102 presentados en el año 2013 al Servicio de Rentas Internas - SRI. Este estudio muestra como los costos para emisión de facturas tradicionales versus facturas electrónicas son variados, la existencia de un ahorro económico al aplicar F-e fluctúa de 32% al 57%, la optimización de costos al cambiar la F-t y la utilidad contable se incrementaría, beneficiando a involucrados como son: la participación de utilidades a los trabajadores, impuesto a la renta y distribución para accionistas. Abstract Electronic Invoicing (EI) arises from technological progress since the advent of the Internet; these digital documents seek to replace the traditional Invoice (TI). The first signs of electronic invoicing were in 1997 through the Organization, Europe Articulate Numbering Association (EAN -UCC) currently Global System One (GS1) which has the obligation to implement electronic invoicing since 2009, the aim of this article is to assess through case studies, the unit costs in issuing traditional bills versus the unit cost by implementing electronic invoicing, the variables studied were: salary, supplies, maintenance, depreciation based on the financial statements reflected on the Form 101 or 102 submitted in 2013 to the Internal Revenue Service - SRI. This study shows how the cost to issue traditional invoices versus electronic invoices are varied and there is an economic saving by applying EI that fluctuates from 32% to 57%, cost optimization by changing the TI and the accounting profits would increase, benefiting to elements such as: profit sharing to workers, income tax and profit sharing to shareholders.
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Fernando, Buddhika, Mandella King et Athula Sumathipala. « Advancing good governance in data sharing and biobanking - international aspects ». Wellcome Open Research 4 (22 novembre 2019) : 184. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/wellcomeopenres.15540.1.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Ethical and effective data-sharing among countries can be achieved by considering the interests of all relevant parties: research participants, researchers and funders. Fears of exploitation, however, both of research participants and researchers from low- and middle-income countries (LMIC), can undermine the free flow of data necessary for scientific advancement. In this Open Letter, two case studies presented at the 2018 Global Forum on Bioethics in Research meeting on the Ethics of data sharing and biobanking in Cape Town, South Africa, function as the focal point for a reflection on the attributes of an ideal model of good data governance and how it can help support ethical best practices in biobanking and data sharing. Consideration of the case studies as well as the literature indicate three broad principles that need to be reflected in an ideal data governance framework: (i) collaboration - both among researchers as well as between researchers and participants, (ii) fairness – ensuring that all parties in international collaborations, the data provider, primary data gathering LMIC researcher and the high income country (HIC) institution/funder are treated fairly, and (iii) working towards a level playing field – neither collaboration nor fairness can be effectively achieved with the existing power differential between HIC and LMIC researchers/institutions; it is therefore necessary to work towards achieving a more level playing field between partners in research collaborations. Promoting good governance of data through fair, efficient and accountable governance frameworks can help build trust and ensure continued international data sharing.
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Gruson, Brigitte, Ghislaine Gueudet, Carole Le Hénaff et Marie-Pierre Lebaud. « Investigating Teachers’ Work with Digital Resources. A Comparison Between the Teaching of Mathematics and English ». Swiss Journal of Educational Research 40, no 2 (24 octobre 2018) : 503–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.24452/sjer.40.2.5072.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The abundant digital resources on the Internet are leading to profound changes in teachers’ activity. We refer to the theoretical framework and methodology of the documentational approach to didactics to investigate these changes. We compare two case studies: an English teacher, and a mathematics teacher, both working in the same upper secondary school in France. We have observed significant use of digital resources in both cases, but of a different nature. We present and discuss these differences that shed light upon teachers’ documentational work. We use these cases to draw more general conclusions on designing, using and sharing digital teaching resources.
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Adhikari, Harasankar. « Social Work or Relief Work ? A Crisis in Professional Social Work ». Social Change Review 13, no 1 (1 juillet 2015) : 55–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/scr-2015-0009.
Texte intégralRésumé :
AbstractSocial work is a sharing and caring profession based on scientific methods. This problem solving profession makes people self-reliant and self-dependent when he/she is in any sorts of crises. Thus, it differs from relief work, social services or social welfare delivered during emergence crises. This paper examined the application of professional social work as relief work, which did not bring any change among the beneficiaries; rather it set their mind as opportunist. For this purpose, the programme sponsored by the government of India and implemented by nongovernmental organizations for rehabilitation of the street children (i.e., pavements and slums dwellers, children of sex workers, and so forth) of Metro cities like Kolkata had priority. This evaluative study assessed the progress and changes among 500 street children who were the beneficiaries for 10 years of the programme, selected according to their parental residents/occupation through stratified sampling. Interviews, case studies and group interaction were used to collect data on various aspects, i.e. personal background, education, and occupation of these children. It revealed that after almost 10 years of services, the problem of children was static. Firstly, service delivery system was as relief work. The methods of social work were not implied while the professionals were in implementation. On the other hand, the scope of monitoring and evaluation of the programme by government was suspended due to several reasons. Definitely, the politicalization in human development would be restricted. The problems of suffering would be root out and it should not be a continued process.
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Reyes, Victoria. « Three models of transparency in ethnographic research : Naming places, naming people, and sharing data ». Ethnography 19, no 2 (29 septembre 2017) : 204–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1466138117733754.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Ethnographic research consists of multiple methodological approaches, including short- and/or long-term participant observation, interviews, photographs, videos, and group field work, to name a few. Yet, it is commonly practiced as a solitary endeavor and primary data is not often subject to scholarly scrutiny. In this paper, I suggest a model in which to understand the different ways in which ethnographies can be transparent – naming places, naming people, and sharing data – and the varied decisions ethnographers have made with regard to them: whether to name a region, city or specific neighborhood, name primary participants or public officials, and to share interview guides, transcripts, or different kinds of field notes. In doing so, this paper highlights how decisions regarding transparency are part of an ethnographer’s methodological toolkit, and should be made on a case-by-case basis depending on the who, what, where, when and why of our research.