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1
Childre, Doc Lew. From chaos to coherence : The power to change performance. Boulder Creek, Calif : Planetary, 2000.
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Childre, Doc Lew. From chaos to coherence : The power to change performance. Boulder Creek, Ca : Planetary, 2000.
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Bruce, Cryer, dir. From chaos to coherence : Advancing emotional and organizational intelligence through inner quality management. Boston : Butterworth-Heinemann, 1999.
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Athanasius : The coherence of his thought. London : Routledge, 1998.
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The colon hypothesis : Word order, discourse segmentation and discourse coherence in ancient Greek. Brussels : VUBPress, 2011.
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1947-, Homestead Elaine R., et McGinnis Karen L. 1963-, dir. Making integrated curriculum work : Teachers, students, and the quest for coherent curriculum. New York : Teachers College Press, 1997.
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Jones, Finola. The fiction of a coherent iconography : The installation work of Finola Jones, 1989-96. Dublin : Dogbowl+Bones, 1996.
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Inner London Education Authority. Youth Service Inspectors. Social education and youth work practice : Towards more conscious practiceand more coherent patterns of provision , a position paper. London : ILEA, 1986.
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9
Nachtergaele, Lutgarde. Apollo op vrijersvoeten : Een onderzoek naar de thematische coherentie in de "Verzamelde verhalen" van S. Vestdijk. Louvain-la-Neuve : Collège Erasme, 1996.
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Di Salvo, Maria Giovanna. Italia, Russia e mondo slavo. Sous la direction de Alberto Alberti, Maria Cristina Bragone, Giovanna Brogi Bercoff et Laura Rossi. Florence : Firenze University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/978-88-6655-064-8.
Texte intégralRésumé :
This book is a collection of some of the most interesting work by Maria Di Salvo compiled on the occasion of her sixty-fifth birthday. These articles reflect her intellectual curiosity, her clarity of exposition and the capacity to apply and amalgamate different methodologies and disciplines, blending them into a coherent whole despite the variety of topics and subjects of study. We have favoured the essays that are harder to get hold of, making selections that enable the identification of two essential groups: the philological and literary studies and those related to the relations between Russia and Italy. We trust that the choices made will offer an organic overview of the intellectual and academic career of Maria Di Salvo, including the latest 'new path' of research, that on punctuation in the Slavic languages, and while awaiting the imminent publication by Edizioni dell'Orso, of the part devoted to Russia in the memoirs of Filippo Balatri, the famous castrato sent by the Grand Duke of Tuscany to the Russian court at the end of the seventeenth century.
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Worsnip, Alex. What is (In)coherence ? Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198823841.003.0009.
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Philosophers have recently been increasingly attentive to “coherence requirements,” with heated debates about both the content of such requirements and their “normativity” (i.e., whether there is necessarily reason to obey them). Yet there is little work on the metanormative status of coherence requirements. Metaphysically: what is it for two or more mental states to be jointly incoherent, such that they are banned by a coherence requirement? In virtue of what are some putative requirements genuine and others not? Epistemologically: how are we to know which requirements are genuine and which are not? This chapter offers an account that tries to answer these questions. On this account, the incoherence of a set of attitudes is a matter of its being constitutive of the attitudes in question that any agent who holds these attitudes jointly is disposed, when conditions of full transparency are met, to give at least one of them up.
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Kehler, Andrew, et Jonathan Cohen. On Convention and Coherence. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198791492.003.0014.
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A bedrock principle in pragmatics is that the linguistic signals produced by speakers generally underdetermine the meanings that are communicated to interpreters. For Grice, for instance, utterance meaning lies close to what is overtly encoded, allowing only for the resolution of indexicals, tense, reference, and ambiguity. Lepore and Stone (L&S) agree, but with a stunning twist: they analyze all extrasemantic content as being derived from ambiguity resolution, leaving no work for Gricean tools. Despite significant areas of concurrence with L&S, we ultimately find their analysis to be untenable. To establish this, we focus on a form of pragmatic enrichment that recruits coherence establishment processes to apply within the clause—‘eliciture’—for which we see no credible analysis in terms of ambiguity resolution. We argue that an adequate account of language understanding must recognize the robust roles of both ambiguity resolution and pragmatic enrichment, using tense interpretation as a case study.
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Graf, Theresa Marie. SENSE OF COHERENCE, RELATIONAL FUNCTIONING AND CONCEPTS OF HEALTH IN ADULT DAUGHTER CAREGIVERS AS COMPARED WITH AN AGE COHORT OF WOMEN. 1994.
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Newsom, Carol A. Plural Versions and the Challenge of Narrative Coherence in the Story of Job. Sous la direction de Danna Nolan Fewell. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199967728.013.19.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Seen through the lens of cultural memory, the canonical book of Job is only one of many versions of the story, and by no means the most popular. Some of the versions of Job predate the canonical book and continue alongside it. Later versions, created in response to changing religious and cultural conditions, may draw on both written and oral tales. Other authors adapt aspects of the Job tradition into new artistic compositions. While most stories reduce the plurality of possibilities to one in the effort to tell their own version, the canonical book of Job is unique in drawing specific attention to the plurality of Job stories through its polyphonic technique of storytelling, generated in part by juxtaposing different genres in one work.
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Martindale, Andrew, et Irena Jurakic. Glass Tools in Archaeology. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199935413.013.4.
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Glass that appears in archaeological contexts outside of the communities of its production and shows use as toolstone for lithic-like industries can be described as remanufactured. Such artifacts are commonly associated with contact encounters, most frequently with European colonial expansion. This article reviews the literature on remanufactured glass and argues that (1) much experimental and analytical work remains to develop coherent identification criteria, especially for expedient forms, and (2) such objects challenge archaeological orthodoxies in the definition of culture and its material manifestations. We argue that objects with manufacturing histories that span cultural contexts are a highly visible illustration of the hybridity in all cultural gestures. Hybridization is not a transaction between disparate, homogenous cultural regimes, but emerges from individual quotidian acts. Culture as a result, is not an entity, but the acceptance of coherence.
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Sublime Engineering : A Work of Coherent Technology. Independently Published, 2022.
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Millikan, Ruth Garrett. How Unicepts Get Their Referents. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198717195.003.0005.
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The question what determines the referents/extensions of unicepts is the same as the question how their unitrackers are set up and tested for adequacy, a question that concerns, roughly, conceptual development. A unicept’s referent is what its unitracker is designed to track—its target. The central question of this chapter is how selection for same-tracking a target occurs, what kinds of selection mechanisms are involved. Certain inborn mechanisms and mechanisms derived from prior learning can determine how experience sets some targets for new unitrackers. An animal’s native reward system can also furnish targets for new procedural unitrackers. New kinds of substance and attribute unitrackers can also be tested through a kind of coherence. The laws of identity and noncontradiction work together as a confirming signal and an error signal during the development of substance and attribute unicepts, local coherence indicating distal correspondence.
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Mercer, Jarred A. Divine Perfection and Human Potentiality. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190903534.001.0001.
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No figure of fourth-century Christianity seems to be both so well known and clouded in mystery as Hilary of Poitiers. His invaluable position historically is unquestioned, but the coherence and significance of his own thought is less certain. While scholars have worked to renew Hilary’s place within his historical and polemical context, much remains to be said concerning his actual contribution within these revised contextual parameters, and the overall shape of his thought remains obscure. This book provides a new paradigm for understanding Hilary’s De Trinitate. It contends that in all of Hilary’s polemical and constructive argumentation, which is essentially trinitarian, he is inherently developing an anthropology. This work therefore reinterprets Hilary’s overall theological project in terms of the continual, and for him necessary, anthropological corollary of trinitarian theology—to reframe it in terms of a “trinitarian anthropology.” The coherence of Hilary’s work depends upon this framework, and without it his thought will continue to elude his readers. The book demonstrates this by following Hilary’s main lines of trinitarian argument, out of which flows his anthropological vision. These main lines of argument, divided into the book’s chapters, unfold into a progressive picture of humanity from potentiality to perfection. This work will also aid those seeking a more precise picture of fourth-century polemical controversy through trenchant examination of the theologies involved and the philosophical and historical influences acting upon them. The book also places the controversy in the context of its theological heritage, providing a helpful guide to previous Christian thought.
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Johnson, Peter. R.G. Collingwood. Thoemmes Press, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9781350276338.
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R.G. Collingwood’s ideas are often considered difficult to locate in the main lines of 20th century philosophy. Some have read Collingwood as anticipating the later Wittgenstein, others have concentrated exclusively on the internal coherence of his thought. As the first introductory book on this major modern philosopher, Peter Johnson examines his work through direct engagement with his arguments. The text takes the form of a conversation with Collingwood on the topics that interested him: philosophy and method; philosophy of mind; language and logic; the historical imagination; art and expression; action; and metaphysics and life.
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Shafer-Landau, Russ, dir. Oxford Studies in Metaethics 13. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198823841.001.0001.
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This series is devoted to original philosophical work in the foundations of ethics. It provides an annual selection of much of the best new scholarship being done in the field. Its broad purview includes work being done at the intersection of ethical theory and metaphysics, epistemology, philosophy of language, and philosophy of mind. The chapters included in the series provide a basis for understanding recent developments in the field. Chapters in this volume cover normative supervenience; non-naturalism; non-descriptive relativism; learning about aesthetics and morality through acquaintance and deference; the possibility of moral epistemology; pure moral motivation; virtue ethics; moral uncertainty and value comparison; (in)coherence; the authority of formality; authoritatively normative concepts; ‘ought’ simpliciter; and the rationality of ends.
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Bratman, Michael E. Intention, Practical Rationality, and Self-Governance. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190867850.003.0004.
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Planning agency involves characteristic norms of practical rationality—in particular, norms of consistency and of means-end coherence of intentions. This essay defends the idea that there is normally a normative reason of self-governance in favor of conformity to these norms in the particular case. I contrast this self-governance-based view of these norms of plan rationality with the myth theories of Joseph Raz and Niko Kolodny, and with the cognitivism of Kieran Setiya. I explain how this view responds to concerns (including an argument from Setiya that focuses on nonmodifiable intentions) about the inappropriate bootstrapping of normative reasons. And I explore relations between this view and related work of John Broome, and between this view and Harry Frankfurt’s work on volitional necessity.
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Moran, Richard. On Frankfurt’s The Reasons of Love. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190633776.003.0009.
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Frankfurt’s 2004 book is a summation of several of the central themes of his philosophical work of the past twenty years: the idea of caring about something as central to the problem of identification, wholeheartedness and the problem of ambivalence, the relation between love, volitional necessity and freedom, and the importance of “final ends” in providing unity to what would otherwise remain inchoate or discontinuous in one’s life and will. This paper critically examines the role that unity and coherence plays in Frankfurt’s vision, and his case against ambivalence, in particular the comparison between division in the will and incoherence in one’s beliefs.
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Moran, Michael. Theodore J. Lowi, “American Business, Public Policy, Case Studies and Political Theory”. Sous la direction de Martin Lodge, Edward C. Page et Steven J. Balla. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199646135.013.36.
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Lowi’s paper, considered in this chapter, is an acknowledged classic. But this begs the question of what “classic” status amounts to. The chapter examines competing conceptions of “classicism.” It then sketches the intellectual background to Lowi’s work, examines the impact of the piece in the conventional language of bibliometric analysis, and analyzes the intellectual coherence of Lowi’s arguments. It shows how Lowi’s intervention was a significant dissent from two dominant forms of political analysis: that popularized by Dahl and the behavioralists; and that associated with the institutional analyses of power promoted by Wright Mills. But it argues that the “classic” status of Lowi’s work consisted of its respectful recognition as a document in the history of the discipline, rather than amounting to any enduring influence on modern political analysis.
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Bevington, Dickon, Peter Fuggle, Liz Cracknell et Peter Fonagy. Adaptive Mentalization-Based Integrative Treatment. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med-psych/9780198718673.001.0001.
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This book is for youth workers, social workers, mental health staff, specialist teachers, family support workers, and so on, whose clients present with comorbidity, risk, and difficulty accessing mainstream services. It describes inevitably stressful, unsettling work, providing effective help in complex helping systems. An innovative response emerges, building on adaptive (evidence-based) mentalization-based theory and practice. Uniquely, AMBIT applies mentalizing not only directly, in work with clients, but also in work: (a) with the team, (b) with wider (often “dis-integrated”) networks, and (c) creating cultures of learning and radical transparency. AMBIT is as much an improvement system for teams as a “therapy”—strengthening team identity and coherence, and supporting a wider community of practice. Linking evidence-based practice to practice-based evidence, the book concludes with impact descriptions from some of the nearly 200 AMBIT-trained teams, a client’s perspective, and a challenging analysis of systems of care pointing toward the need to create more mentalizing systems.
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Gow, James, et Benedict Wilkinson. Conclusion. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190851163.003.0021.
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Under Freedman’s leading influence, in the wake of Michael Howard, a distinctive working method – a school of thought, an approach – has been pioneered for thirty years, but not given a name. While Howard certainly recognized that how political and military leaders thought about the world affected their decisions and behavior, Freedman extended this intellectual apparatus with his knowledge of social and political theory, and the sociology of knowledge, expanding the intellectual scope and breadth of research and education about war, strategy and policy. Aspects of his work are clearly shared by those who have worked with him, for him and in his light. The distinctive coherence around notions such as constructivist realism, strategic scripts and the understanding of social interaction and processes define a body of work related to making a difference in the world that has done just that.
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Arras, John D., James Childress et Matthew Adams. One Method to Rule Them All ? Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190665982.003.0008.
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This chapter considers the method of reflective equilibrium, and how it has been used in the context of debates in bioethics. It uncovers the method’s origins in the work of John Rawls and explores how it came to be adopted by Beauchamp and Childress as the unifying method of bioethics. After distinguishing between narrow and wide versions of reflective equilibrium, the chapter proceeds to discuss some problems with the view. The preliminary difficulty that is raised about wide reflective equilibrium in particular is that it is too comprehensive and indeterminate to be useful in bioethics. The chapter ends by outlining deeper concerns with the view, and to what extent internal morality’s conception of “coherence” possesses justificatory force.
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Glanzberg, Michael, dir. The Oxford Handbook of Truth. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199557929.001.0001.
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This Handbook contains twenty-nine entries, covering a wide range of topics related to the theory of truth, and its applications in philosophy. It surveys how the concept of truth was understood in ancient and modern philosophy and major debates about truth during the emergence of analytic philosophy. It describes the received standard theories of truth in the current literature, including the coherence, correspondence, identity, and pragmatist theories. It examines the place of truth in metaphysics, focusing on truth-makers, propositions, determinacy, objectivity, deflationism, fictionalism, relativism, and pluralism. It explores broader applications of truth in philosophy, including ethics, science, and mathematics. Finally, it reviews formal work on truth and its application to semantic paradox.
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Jasanoff, Sheila. A Field of Its Own. Sous la direction de Robert Frodeman. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198733522.013.15.
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This chapter presents science and technology studies (STS) as a new island in a preexisting disciplinary archipelago. As a field, STS combines two strands of work dealing, respectively, with the nature and practices of science and technology (S&T) and the relationships between science, technology, and society. As such, STS research focuses on distinctive objects of inquiry and employs novel discourses and methods. The field confronts three significant barriers to achieving greater intellectual coherence, and institutional recognition. First, it must persuade skeptical scientists and university administrators of the need for a critical perspective on S&T. Second, it must demonstrate that traditional disciplines do not adequately analyze S&T. Third, it has to overcome STS scholars’ reluctance to create intellectual boundaries and membership criteria that appear to exclude innovative work. A generation of scholars with graduate degrees in STS are helping to meet these challenges.
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Caston, Victor, dir. Oxford Studies in Ancient Philosophy. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198815655.001.0001.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Oxford Studies in Ancient Philosophy provides, twice each year, a collection of the best current work in the field of ancient philosophy. Each volume features original essays that contribute to an understanding of a wide range of themes and problems in all periods of ancient Greek and Roman philosophy, from the beginnings to the threshold of the Middle Ages. From its first volume in 1983, OSAP has been a highly influential venue for work in the field, and has often featured essays of substantial length as well as critical essays on books of distinctive importance. Volume LIII contains: an article on several of Zeno of Elea’s paradoxes and the nihilist interpretation of Eudemus of Rhodes; an article on the coherence of Thrasymachus’ challenge in Plato’s Republic book 1; another on Plato’s treatment of perceptual content in the Theaetetus and the Phaedo; an article on why Aristotle thinks that hypotheses are material causes of conclusions, and another on why he denies shame is a virtue; and a book review of a new edition of a work possibly by Apuleius and Middle Platonist political philosophy.
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Swensen, Stephen, et Tait Shanafelt. Mayo Clinic Strategies To Reduce Burnout. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190848965.001.0001.
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Many believe burnout of health care professionals to be the result of individual weakness when, in fact, burnout is primarily the result of health care systems that take emotionally healthy, altruistic people and methodically squeeze the vitality and passion out of them. In this book, we tell the story of burnout of health care professionals, although we chose not to dwell on negative aspects of the story. Instead, we emphasize nurturing positivity and a hope for professional fulfillment, well-being, and joy and meaning in work. Realizing this narrative requires that health care professionals and administrative leaders work together to co-create the ideal workplace. Our aim was to provide the blueprint—eight Ideal Work Elements and 12 actions of an Intervention Triad (Agency, Coherence, and Camaraderie) designed to achieve this goal. The ultimate aspiration is esprit de corps—the common spirit existing in members of a group that inspires enthusiasm, loyalty, camaraderie, and engagement. This book provides a method for creating esprit de corps among health care professionals and, in so doing, provides strategies to reduce burnout.
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Anatolios, K. Athanasius : The Coherence of His Thought (Routledge Early Church Monographs). Routledge, 2004.
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Homestead, Elaine R., Karen L. McGinnis et P. Elizabeth Pate. Making Integrated Curriculum Work : Teachers, Students, and the Quest for Coherent Curriculum. Teachers College Press, 1996.
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Homestead, Elaine R., Karen L. McGinnis et P. Elizabeth Pate. Making Integrated Curriculum Work : Teachers, Students, and the Quest for Coherent Curriculum. Teachers College Press, 1996.
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34
Scotch, Hank. The Sovereign Logic of Jack London’s Sea Stories. Sous la direction de Jay Williams. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199315178.013.31.
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Jack London’s maritime writing often interrogates the difference between the savage space of the “outside” sea and the relative domesticity of land’s civilized interior, as well as the ways in which this spatial distinction supports the sovereignty of space, society, and the self. But instead of maintaining these spatial differences, London’s work is all about exposing their increasing indistinction in the early twentieth century and the effects such a spatial destabilization had on sovereignty itself. This interrogation of the new world order and its effects on previous forms of sovereignty, the chapter argues, is what makes London’s contribution to American maritime writing (especially The Sea-Wolf and The Cruise of the Snark) so important. London’s sea stories not only acknowledge the world’s new “nomos” but the effects this order has on political and personal forms of autonomy and coherence.
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Cook, Ian, et Divya P. Tolia‐Kelly. Material Geographies. Sous la direction de Dan Hicks et Mary C. Beaudry. Oxford University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199218714.013.0003.
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Geographers' engagements with materiality over the past decade have become the topic of widespread and sometimes heated debate. A steady trickle of articles has appeared critiquing the ‘dematerialization’ and advocating the ‘rematerialization’ of social and cultural geography, and claims have been made that wider ‘materialist returns’ are under way across the discipline. In the introduction to his edited collection on materiality, anthropologist Daniel Miller discusses how ethnographers constantly encounter the contradictory juxtaposed and incommensurable in their work. This article elaborates upon the concepts of landscape, commodities, and creativity at length and with special reference to theNapoliwreck. This article also discusses theNapolievent which gives coherence to this article that the literature did not seem to possess, while also providing a vivid sense of its disparate nature. This article very skillfully uses the example ofNapolito explain everything related to culturalism.
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Kwame Harrison, Anthony. Discussion and Evaluation. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199371785.003.0005.
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Chapter 5 begins with a general discussion of the central research paradigms that ethnographers claim and/or move between. The remainder of the chapter is organized according to the evaluative standards used by the various stakeholders who surround the ethnographic enterprise—namely, researchers, members of researched communities, and readers. The section on researchers is centered on their aspirations to do “good work,” which the author proposes involves reflexivity, transparency, and sincerity. It also elaborates on the moral principles and ethical regulations that ethnographic researchers observe. In discussing members of researched communities, the author highlights their recent ability to speak back against the research, explaining how it has fostered more accountable and collaborative modes of ethnography. Finally, in discussing readers of ethnography, the author makes a distinction between “everyday” and “professional” readers, proposing a handful of criteria—credibility, coherence, impact, and worthiness—used by the latter in making their professional assessments.
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LeBuffe, Michael. Spinoza on Reason. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190845803.001.0001.
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In metaphysics, Spinoza associates reasons with causes or explanations. He contends that there is a reason for whatever exists and whatever does not exist. In his account of the human mind, Spinoza makes reason a peculiarly powerful kind of idea and the only source of our knowledge of objects in experience. In his moral theory, Spinoza introduces dictates of reason, which are action-guiding prescriptions. In politics, Spinoza suggests that reason, with religion, motivates cooperation in society. Reason shapes Spinoza’s philosophy, and central debates about Spinoza—including his place in the history of philosophy and in the European Enlightenment—turn upon our understanding of these claims. Spinoza on Reason starts with striking claims in each of these areas drawn from Spinoza’s two great works, the Ethics and the Theological Political Treatise; the book takes each characterization of reason on its own terms, explaining the claims and their historical context. While acknowledging the striking variety of reason’s roles, this work emphasizes the extent to which these different doctrines build upon one another. The result is a rich understanding of the meaning and function of each claim and, in the book’s conclusion, a detailed and accurate account of the contribution of reason to the systematic coherence of Spinoza’s philosophy.
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Debaise, Didier. Introduction. Traduit par Tomas Weber. Edinburgh University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/edinburgh/9781474423045.003.0001.
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Every reading of Process and Reality has to start by declaring the initial problem on the basis of which the book is to be interpreted. It has become clear to readers of Whitehead that different perspectives never stop reorganising the system, perspectives that determine relative and changing areas of importance, connecting problems with ever fluctuating forms. One of Process and Reality’s particularities – connected to its style and philosophical form – is that it resists being ‘surveyed’ from above, it resists readings introduced as mere explanations. As such, ‘there are distinct lineages of readers of Whitehead in accordance with different approaches. Each reader inherits one particular movement out of all the movements that the original work tangles up.’These tangles are the transformative power of the system to which one must become sensitive. An adequate reading cannot avoid taking a particular path. The only constraints are those shared by all systematic thought: coherence must be maintained.
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Ferraro, Kenneth F. The Gerontological Imagination. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190665340.001.0001.
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The Gerontological Imagination provides an integrative overview of the scientific study of aging. Although investigators from many disciplines study aging, concerns have been raised about the intellectual coherence of gerontology precisely because it draws from and contributes to a wide array of disciplines. Biologists, psychologists, and sociologists may claim an interest in gerontology, but do they have a common image of aging or a set of principles to guide their research? This book develops a paradigm for the study of aging by articulating and integrating six axioms related to causality, life course analysis, multifaceted change, heterogeneity, accumulation, and ageism. The proposed paradigm provides an efficient way to identify essential ideas, findings, models, and theories across multiple disciplines. Gerontology examines aging across multiple systems and the interplay of factors that shape adaptation. Illustrations are drawn from fields such as biology, epidemiology, genetics, medicine, psychology, sociology, and zoology. The axioms are best viewed as a gestalt for the intellectual work of research on aging—and how to optimize the aging experience.
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Moore, Geoff. Virtue at Work. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198793441.001.0001.
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Virtue at Work is about good organizations, good managers, and good people, and how these can contribute to good communities. It is aimed at practitioners—principally managers at all levels and in all kinds of organizations. It provides an integrated and philosophically grounded framework which enables a coherent approach to organizations and organizational ethics from the perspective of practitioners in the workplace, of managers in organizations, as well as of organizations themselves. The philosophical grounding comes from the work of the philosopher Alasdair MacIntyre. In line with MacIntyre’s own commitments, the book makes philosophy down to earth and practical. It provides a new way of understanding ethics and organizations which is both realistic and attractive, but also challenging. It also provides tough but realistic suggestions in order to put this approach into practice. Virtue at Work not only applies theory in a readable and compelling manner, but also shows how this has been applied to a wide variety of organizations and occupations. Examples are drawn from architecture, accounting, human resource management, banking, investment advising, open source software, health and beauty retailing, pharmaceuticals, garment manufacturing, Fair Trade, car manufacturing, symphony orchestras, circuses, jazz, the UK’s National Health Service, surgery, nursing, churches, and journalism. If you are entirely happy with the way the world is, including your experience of organizations as an employee or manager, then this book is not for you. If, however, you have even the slightest hesitation when reflecting on life, management, or organizations…read on.
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Siderits, Mark. How Things Are. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197606902.001.0001.
Texte intégralRésumé :
This work is designed to introduce some of the more important fruits of Indian Buddhist metaphysical theorizing to philosophers with little or no prior knowledge of classical Indian philosophy. It is widely known among non-specialists that Buddhists deny the existence of a self. Less widely appreciated among philosophers currently working in metaphysics is the fact that the Indian Buddhist tradition contains a wealth of material on a broad assortment of other issues that have also been foci of recent debate. Indian Buddhist philosophers have argued for a variety of interesting claims about the nature of the causal relation, about persistence, about abstract objects, about the consequences of presentism, about the prospects for a viable ontological emergentism. They engaged in a spirited debate over illusionism in the philosophy of consciousness. Some espoused global anti-realism while others called its coherence into question. And so on. This work is meant to introduce the views of such major Buddhist philosophers as Vasubandhu, Dharmakīrti, and Nāgārjuna on these and other issues. And it presents their arguments and analyses in a manner meant to make them accessible to students of philosophy who lack specialist knowledge of the Indian tradition. Analytic metaphysicians who are interested in moving beyond the common strategy of appealing to the intuitions of “the folk” should find much of interest here.
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Aikhenvald, Alexandra Y., R. M. W. Dixon et Nathan M. White, dir. Phonological Word and Grammatical Word. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198865681.001.0001.
Texte intégralRésumé :
‘Word’ is a cornerstone for the understanding of every language. It is a pronounceable phonological unit. It will also have a meaning, and a grammatical characterization-a morphological structure and a syntactic function. And it will be an entry in a dictionary and an orthographic item. ‘Word’ has ‘psychological reality’ for speakers, enabling them to talk about the meaning of a word, its appropriateness for use in a certain social context, and so on. This volume investigates ‘word’ in its phonological and grammatical guises, and how this concept can be applied to languages of distinct typological make-up-from highly synthetic to highly analytic. Criteria for phonological word often include stress, tone, and vowel harmony. Grammatical word is recognized based on its conventionalized coherence and meaning, and consists of a root to which morphological processes will apply. In most instances, ‘grammatical word’ and ‘phonological word’ coincide. In some instances, a phonological word may consist of more than one grammatical word. Or a grammatical word can consist of more than one phonological word, or there may be more complex relationships. The volume starts with a typological introduction summarizing the main issues. It is followed by eight chapters each dealing with ‘word’ in an individual language—Yidiñ from Australia, Fijian from the Fiji Islands, Jarawara from southern Amazonia, Japanese, Chamacoco from Paraguay, Murui from Colombia, Yalaku from New Guinea, Hmong from Laos and a number of diasporic communities, Lao, and Makary Kotoko from Cameroon. The final chapter contains a summary of our findings.
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Smith, Jennifer J. Writing Time in Metaphors. Edinburgh University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/edinburgh/9781474423939.003.0004.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Coherence of place often exists alongside irregularities in time in cycles, and chapter three turns to cycles linked by temporal markers. Ray Bradbury’s The Martian Chronicles (1950) follows a linear chronology and describes the exploration, conquest, and repopulation of Mars by humans. Conversely, Louise Erdrich’s Love Medicine (1984) jumps back and forth across time to narrate the lives of interconnected families in the western United States. Bradbury’s cycle invokes a confluence of historical forces—time as value-laden, work as a calling, and travel as necessitating standardized time—and contextualizes them in relation to anxieties about the space race. Erdrich’s cycle invokes broader, oppositional conceptions of time—as recursive and arbitrary and as causal and meaningful—to depict time as implicated in an entire system of measurement that made possible the destruction and exploitation of the Chippewa people. Both volumes understand the United States to be preoccupied with imperialist impulses. Even as they critique such projects, they also point to the tenacity with which individuals encounter these systems, and they do so by creating “interstitial temporalities,” which allow them to navigate time at the crossroads of language and culture.
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Brandon, Eric. The Coherence of Hobbes's Leviathan : Civil and Religious Authority Combined (Continuum Studies in British Philosophy). Continuum International Publishing Group, 2007.
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Ferraro, Kenneth F. The Gerontological Imagination at Work in Scientific Communities. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190665340.003.0008.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Specified in six axioms, the gerontological imagination enables scholars from a variety of fields to comprehend core concepts and ideas in the study of aging. This chapter highlights the interrelatedness of the axioms and outlines ways to apply this interdisciplinary paradigm in research on aging. A paradigm for the study of any subject matter is a sign of intellectual maturity, but the scientific community of those who study aging remains a loosely connected network, largely embedded in disciplines. A coherent paradigm for gerontology will aid research on aging in those disciplines and accelerate the evolution of gerontology as a field of study.
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Hamera, Judith. Unfinished Business. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199348589.001.0001.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Unfinished Business argues that Michael Jackson and Detroit, both as material entities with specific histories and as representations with uncanny persistence, have something valuable to teach us about three decades of structural economic transition in the United States, and particularly about the changing nature of work and capitalism between the mid-1980s and 2016. They teach us about the racialization and aesthetics of these changes, how they operate as structures of feeling and representations as well as shifts in the dominant mode of production, and about how industrialization’s successor mode, financialization, uses imagery both very similar to and very different from that of its predecessor. The book uses the methods of performance studies to advance three major points. First, figural economies of tropes, dance and theater conventions, and actual performances shape and reflect the ways structural economic change in the United States between the mid-1980s and 2016 congeals into public spectacles, circulates through a wide variety of media, and offers “lessons” to be learned about normative and aberrant relations to capital in transitional times. Second, Michael Jackson and Detroit illuminate the operations of these figural economies with special clarity. Third, Jackson’s and Detroit’s figural potential resides in their capacities to both complicate and bring fictive coherence to the intertwining of race, work, and capital in this period. Sites examined include Jackson’s performances, media coverage of his life, plays featuring Detroit, plans for the city’s postindustrial revitalization, and Detroit installations the Heidelberg Project and Mobile Homestead.
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du Toit, Fanie. When Political Transitions Work. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190881856.001.0001.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Reconciliation emphasizes relationships as a crucial ingredient of political transition; this book argues for the importance of such a relational focus in crafting sustainable political transitions. Section I focuses on South Africa’s transition to democracy—how Mandela and De Klerk persuaded skeptical constituencies to commit to political reconciliation, how this proposal gained momentum, and how well the transition resulted in the goal of an inclusive and fair society. In developing a coherent theory of reconciliation to address questions such as these, I explain political reconciliation from three angles and thereby build a concept of reconciliation that corresponds largely with the South African experience. In Section II, these questions lead the discussion beyond South Africa into some of the prominent theoretical approaches to reconciliation in recent times. I develop typologies for three different reconciliation theories: forgiveness, agonism, and social restoration. I conclude in Section III that relationships created through political reconciliation, between leaders as well as between ordinary citizens, are illuminated when understood as an expression of a comprehensive “interdependence” that precedes any formal peace processes between enemies. I argue that linking reconciliation with the acknowledgment of interdependence emphasizes that there is no real alternative to reconciliation if the motivation is the long-term well-being of one’s own community. Without ensuring the conditions in which an enemy can flourish, one’s own community is unlikely to prosper sustainably. This theoretical approach locates the deepest motivation for reconciliation in choosing mutual well-being above the one-sided fight for exclusive survival at the other’s cost.
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Treitler, Leo. Speaking of the I-Word. Sous la direction de Benjamin Piekut et George E. Lewis. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199892921.013.19.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The chapter focuses on modern uses of “improvisation,” its derivatives (I-words), and its constitution with “composition” of a duality of opposites that—like many dualities—works as a hierarchy, valuing reason over impulse, order over entropy, coherence over incoherence, integration over disarticulation, organic wholeness over disjunction. It evaluates the effect of such a conception in accounts of music-making in the Middle Ages and the eighteenth century. It compares those accounts with language left by writers of the periods in view, finding contrariety by commission in the first and omission in the second. Regarding the power of language in shaping such portrayals, the chapter demonstrates the cloaking of eighteenth-century doctrine about what music is for and how it should be—expressive, moving, pleasing, free, unpredictable, original, in short, its aesthetic—that attends the simple act of transmuting “fantasy” to “improvisation” and fantasizing from that a “style” that is labeled “improvisatory.”
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Henderson, Andrea. Algebraic Art. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198809982.001.0001.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Algebraic Art explores the invention of a peculiarly Victorian account of the nature and value of aesthetic form, and it traces that account to a surprising source: mathematics. The nineteenth century was a moment of extraordinary mathematical innovation, witnessing the development of non-Euclidean geometry, the revaluation of symbolic algebra, and the importation of mathematical language into philosophy. All these innovations sprang from a reconception of mathematics as a formal rather than a referential practice—as a means for describing relationships rather than quantities. For Victorian mathematicians, the value of a claim lay not in its capacity to describe the world but its internal coherence. This concern with formal structure produced a striking convergence between mathematics and aesthetics: geometers wrote fables, logicians reconceived symbolism, and physicists described reality as consisting of beautiful patterns. Artists, meanwhile, drawing upon the cultural prestige of mathematics, conceived their work as a “science” of form, whether as lines in a painting, twinned characters in a novel, or wave-like stress patterns in a poem. Avant-garde photographs and paintings, fantastical novels like Flatland and Lewis Carroll’s children’s books, and experimental poetry by Swinburne, Rossetti, and Patmore created worlds governed by a rigorous internal logic even as they were pointedly unconcerned with reference or realist protocols. Algebraic Art shows that works we tend to regard as outliers to mainstream Victorian culture were expressions of a mathematical formalism that was central to Victorian knowledge production and that continues to shape our understanding of the significance of form.
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Yona, Sergio. Epicurean Ethics in Horace. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198786559.001.0001.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Over the centuries leading up to their composition many genres and authors have emerged as influences on Horace’s Satires, which in turn has led to a wide variety of scholarly interpretations. This study aims to expand the existing dialogue by exploring further the intersection of ancient satire and ethics, focusing on the moral tradition of Epicureanism through the lens of one source in particular: Philodemus of Gadara. An Epicurean philosopher who wrote for a Roman audience and was one of Horace’s contemporaries and neighbors in Italy, offers a range of ethical treatises on subjects including patronage, friendship, flattery, frankness, poverty, and wealth. This book offers a serious consideration of the role of Philodemus’ Epicurean teachings in Horace’s Satires and argues that the central concerns of the philosopher’s work not only lie at the heart of the poet’s criticisms of Roman society and its shortcomings, but also lend to the collection a certain coherence and overall unity in its underlying convictions. It provides an examination of the deep and pervasive influence of this moral tradition on Horace’s satiric poetry which also manages to reveal something of the poet behind the literary mask or persona through its elucidation of the philosophically consistent nature of Horace’s self-representation in these poems.