Articles de revues : « Women refugees – Syria – Social conditions »

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Akdeniz Göker, Eylem. « Changing Borders and Women as the Narrator : The Case of Syrian Circassians ». Journal of Applied And Theoretical Social Sciences 5, n^o 1 (29 mars 2023) : 19–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.37241/jatss.2023.82.

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Since 2011, with the Syrian conflict, a sizeable portion of the Syrian Circassian diaspora have fled to Turkey. The experience of deportation due to the Syrian civil war exposed the community to the same trauma for the third time. However, as the refugees were forced to leave their country, they experienced different conditions than their Arab and Kurdish counterparts. Utilizing solidarity networks through their kinship relations, the Circassian diaspora appears to have avoided the hardships encountered by other refugee groups at least to some an extent. In the meantime, the diaspora developed new survival strategies in the face of general negative attitudes towards refugees and Syrians. The recent diasporic experience has been generally discussed with regards to issues of social class, ethnic affiliation, and distinction. Yet, the gendered dimension of the recent forced migration has been underestimated or neglected. This study aims to understand whether the women within the Circassian community who migrated from Syria to Turkey generated new forms of roles to meet the social demands of the new diasporic experience. The evidence discussed here is based on fieldwork that was conducted in 2019. One of the significant findings to be assessed in this study is the reinforcement of the patriarchy within the diaspora and the factors that facilitated this process.

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Majid AL-Share, Zubaida, et Muneer Karadsheh. « The Reality and the Challenges of the Syrian Women refugees working in the Jordanian Society ». Jordan Journal of Social Sciences 15, n^o 3 (30 novembre 2022) : 239–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.35516/jjss.v15i3.831.

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This study aims to identify the reality and challenges faced by the Syrian women refugees working in the Jordanian society by highlighting the following aspects: knowledge of the living conditions of the working Syrian women refugees, and identifying the main social, cultural, economic, legal and practical challenges facing the Syrian women refugee workers. The descriptive analytical approach that is based on the intentional sampling method was used, and a sample of 120 Syrian women refugees, , working in Irbid governorate, was designed for identification, which was chosen in the intended manner in a snowball-rolling way. The findings showthat Syrian refugee women face economic challenges to a high degree, as well as social, cultural, and legal challenges, and challenges inherent to the work environment in a moderate degree.

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Al Jazairi, Rania. « Transitional Justice in Syria : The Role and Contribution of Syrian Refugees and Displaced Persons ». Middle East Law and Governance 7, n^o 3 (28 novembre 2015) : 336–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18763375-00703002.

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To date, an estimated 9 million Syrians have fled their homes since the beginning of the conflict in 2011. While over 3 million have fled to Turkey, Lebanon, Jordan and Iraq, 6.5 million are internally displaced within Syria. Whereas most research has focused on examining Syrian refugees’ status and living conditions in host countries; few studies aimed to document their views and perceptions about transitional justice processes, including reparation issues and how they perceived a durable and sustainable peace in Syria. This paper focuses on Syrian refugees and displaced persons’ role and contribution to transitional justice processes. It explores their views and perceptions about a wide range of political, civil, social, economic and cultural issues, including accountability, reparation, the nature of the future governance system, Syria’s cultural identity, the rights of minorities and women, reconstruction and development priorities and Demilitarization, Demobilization and Reintegration (ddr) issues.

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El-Matrah, Joumanah, et Kamalle Dabboussy. « Guilty When Innocent. Australian Government’s Resistance to Bringing Home Wives and Children of Islamic State Fighters ». Social Sciences 10, n^o 6 (31 mai 2021) : 202. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/socsci10060202.

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Currently there are 20 Australian women and 47 children being held in the Al-Roj camp in Northern Syria, who are the family members of Islamic State fighters. The Australian government argues that it is both unsafe for government officials to rescue those held in the camp and unsafe for Australia to repatriate these women and children. This security rhetoric is commonly understood as Australia’s abandonment of its citizens and their entitlements to protection and repatriation. This paper argues that the Australian government is condemning its citizens to a condition of statelessness and displacement, simulating the following conditions under which refugees and asylum seekers are forced to live: murder, violence, deprivation of adequate food and shelter, disease, and the potential hazards of the COVID-19 infection. Rendering its citizens to a condition of statelessness and displacement constitutes both punishment meted out on those deemed guilty by their presence in Syria, and provides the Australian government the opportunity to revoke the citizenship of women and children. Three Australian women who travelled to Syria have already been stripped of their Australian citizenship. This paper explores the conditions and methods by which the Australian government has erased the entitlements, protections and certainty of citizenship for Australian Muslim women and children.

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Habib, Rima R., Diane S. Rohlman, Lina Fakih, Christina Estephan et Iman Nuwayhid. « P-506 METHODS USED TO DEVELOP A CULTURALLY APPROPRIATE STUDY PROTOCOL EXAMINING OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURES AMONG SYRIAN REFUGEE AGRICULTURAL WORKERS ». Occupational Medicine 74, Supplement_1 (1 juillet 2024) : 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/occmed/kqae023.1266.

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Abstract Introduction Refugees from war-torn neighboring Syria are often engaged in agricultural practices in Lebanon. Little is known about their multiple exposures to workplace hazards and psychosocial stressors. Our objective is to describe the methods used to develop a research protocol and tools that are culturally appropriate for this vulnerable population. Methods An iterative process was used to learn from stakeholders and intermediary organizations in Beqaa, Lebanon. Interviews and field observations identified work practices, exposures, and living conditions that directly impact the study design and assessment tools. Results Fifty stakeholders (employers, farm workers, NGOs, government officials) were interviewed or participated in focus group discussions. We learned that preventive spraying using a mixture of pesticides is common practice in greenhouses, where intensive frequent pesticide application occurs following a preset schedule that overlaps with harvest time. This puts at risk men who apply pesticides and women who harvest recently treated crops, without using personal protective equipment. Only Syrian refugees perform this hazardous work. Moreover, Syrian workers, who live in precarious conditions in nearby informal tented settlements, often experience discrimination and receive low pay without social protection. Discussion Our findings informed our decision to focus on Syrian refugee agricultural workers in greenhouses and adapt our assessment tools (exposure to pesticides, heat stress, and social stressors) and data collection plan (morning and afternoon shifts) to the specificities of greenhouse agricultural practices in Beqaa. Conclusion Although such preliminary work is crucial to develop culturally appropriate and feasible methods for evaluation of workplace exposures in high-risk populations, this information is seldom described.

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Kraus, Elisabeth K., Lenore Sauer et Laura Wenzel. « Together or apart ? Spousal migration and reunification practices of recent refugees to Germany ». Family migration processes in a comparative perspective 31, n^o 3-2019 (18 décembre 2019) : 303–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.3224/zff.v31i3.04.

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This study examines migration and reunification processes among recent male and female refugees from Afghanistan, Iraq, and Syria in Germany. Specifically, we analyse different types of spousal migration practices (joint arrival versus arriving alone) and the probability of reunification with the left-behind partner after one year of geographic separation, and to what extent this is shaped by socio-economic conditions, children, family networks, and the legal situation of married men and women. Using data from the first and second wave of the IAB-BAMF-SOEP Survey of Refugees, collected in 2016 and 2017 in Germany, and applying logistic regression models, we disentangle the heterogeneity of refugees’ migration processes. The results show that couples with minor children are more likely to migrate together compared to childless couples or those with adult children only, and that men and women’s solo migration is associated with the presence of other family members at the destination country. The probability of reunifying with the left-behind partner after one year of separation mainly depends, again, on family networks, with differential effects for men and women. Furthermore, male first-movers’ legal status in Germany is important for a quick reunification with their wives. Our research shows that forced migration in the here studied geographic context is a gendered process and that several characteristics of male migration do not apply to women. Furthermore, conventional explanations for economically motivated migration decisions and patterns must be adapted to the case of forced migration.

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Hassan, G., P. Ventevogel, H. Jefee-Bahloul, A. Barkil-Oteo et L. J. Kirmayer. « Mental health and psychosocial wellbeing of Syrians affected by armed conflict ». Epidemiology and Psychiatric Sciences 25, n^o 2 (1 février 2016) : 129–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s2045796016000044.

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Aims.This paper is based on a report commissioned by the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, which aims to provide information on cultural aspects of mental health and psychosocial wellbeing relevant to care and support for Syrians affected by the crisis. This paper aims to inform mental health and psychosocial support (MHPSS) staff of the mental health and psychosocial wellbeing issues facing Syrians who are internally displaced and Syrian refugees.Methods.We conducted a systematic literature search designed to capture clinical, social science and general literature examining the mental health of the Syrian population. The main medical, psychological and social sciences databases (e.g. Medline, PubMed, PsycInfo) were searched (until July 2015) in Arabic, English and French language sources. This search was supplemented with web-based searches in Arabic, English and French media, and in assessment reports and evaluations, by nongovernmental organisations, intergovernmental organisations and agencies of the United Nations. This search strategy should not be taken as a comprehensive review of all issues related to MHPSS of Syrians as some unpublished reports and evaluations were not reviewed.Results.Conflict affected Syrians may experience a wide range of mental health problems including (1) exacerbations of pre-existing mental disorders; (2) new problems caused by conflict related violence, displacement and multiple losses; as well as (3) issues related to adaptation to the post-emergency context, for example living conditions in the countries of refuge. Some populations are particularly vulnerable such as men and women survivors of sexual or gender based violence, children who have experienced violence and exploitation and Syrians who are lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender or intersex. Several factors influence access to MHPSS services including language barriers, stigma associated with seeking mental health care and the power dynamics of the helping relationship. Trust and collaboration can be maximised by ensuring a culturally safe environment, respectful of diversity and based on mutual respect, in which the perspectives of clients and their families can be carefully explored.Conclusions.Sociocultural knowledge and cultural competency can improve the design and delivery of interventions to promote mental health and psychosocial wellbeing of Syrians affected by armed conflict and displacement, both within Syria and in countries hosting refugees from Syria.

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Gürses, Gülcan, Nebiye Yentür Doni, Zeynep Şimşek, Mustafa Aksoy, Neşe Gül Hilali et Behire Özek. « Evaluation of T. gondii, rubella, and cytomegalovirus seroprevalences among female Syrian refugees in Sanliurfa, Turkiye ». Journal of Infection in Developing Countries 18, n^o 06 (30 juin 2024) : 964–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.3855/jidc.18614.

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Introduction: Since the Syrian Civil War began in 2011, the official number of refugees under temporary protection in Turkiye is reported to be 3,522,036 in 2023. Most of the Syrians living outside the refugee camps have worse conditions in terms of access to healthcare centers and social opportunities, compared to those living in camps. The Sanliurfa province hosts the third highest number of Syrians (370,291) in Turkiye. There are no data about the seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii), rubella (rub), or cytomegalovirus (CMV) among Syrian refugees in Sanliurfa. We aimed to investigate the seroprevalence of T. gondii, rub, and CMV infections among female Syrian refugees of reproductive age (15-49 years) living in Sanliurfa province. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted in different districts of Sanliurfa. A total of 460 households were selected using the probability sampling method. One married female Syrian refugee aged between 15 and 49 years, was chosen in each household, leading to a sample size of 410 female Syrian refugees. The seropositivity of T. gondii, CMV, and rub IgM and IgG in blood samples were analyzed using enzyme immunoassays (Abbott Architect, Illinois, USA). Results: The seropositivity rates of T. gondii, CMV, and rubella IgM and IgG were 4.4% and 59.8%; 3.9%; and 99%; and 1.9%, and 99.5%, respectively. Conclusions: A screening program should be implemented for T. gondii, CMV, and rub infections for Syrian refugees. Seronegative women should be vaccinated against rub and educated about the transmission and preventive routes of toxoplasmosis and CMV infection.

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Straiton, M., et A. Nissen. « Insomnia and the role of postmigration stress among Syrian refugees ». European Psychiatry 65, S1 (juin 2022) : S634. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/j.eurpsy.2022.1625.

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Introduction Research on the prevalence of and risk factors for insomnia among refugee populations is limited and tends to focus on pre-migratory trauma. Yet, post migratory stressors are just as important for mental health and may also relate to insomnia. Objectives Objective: To determine the association between different post-migration stressors and insomnia among Syrian refugees living in Norway. Methods We used data from the REUFGE study, a cross-sectional survey with 902 Syrian refugees who arrived in Norway between 2015 and 2017. Insomnia was measured with the Bergen Insomnia Scale and post-migrant stress with the Refugee Post-Migration Stress Scale (RPMS). We applied logistic regression analyses to investigate the association between seven different postmigration stressors and insomnia after controlling for demographics, traumatic experiences and post traumatic stress symptoms. Results Of the 873 participants who completed questions on insomnia, 515 (41%) reported insomnia. There was no significant difference between men and women. The most commonly reported postmigration stressors were Competency Strain [SML1], Family and Home Concerns, and Loss of Home Country. After controlling for demographics, traumatic experiences and post-traumatic stress symptoms, Financial Strain, Loss of Home Country, Family and Home Concerns and Social Strain were still associated with higher odds of insomnia. Conclusions Resettlement difficulties are related to poorer sleep among refugees. Measures to improve the social conditions and financial concerns of refugees in receiving countries could potentially reduce insomnia among refugees which in turn, may benefit mental and physical health. Disclosure No significant relationships.

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Al Ganideh, Saeb F., et Linda K. Good. « Understanding abusive child labor practices in the shadow of the Arab spring ». Journal of Children’s Services 10, n^o 1 (16 mars 2015) : 76–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jcs-06-2014-0031.

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Purpose – The Syrian civil war that forced hundreds of thousands of Syrian women and children into Jordan as refugees dramatically increased the number of child labourers in that country. The current investigation aims to establish a body of knowledge on the issues surrounding child labour in Jordan by providing an exploratory diagnosis of the phenomenon. The purpose of this paper is to explore verbal and physical abusive practices towards working children and investigate whether there are differences between the treatment of domestic and Syrian refugee child labourers. Design/methodology/approach – The research design is quantitative; however, we use a qualitative technique to support and expand the research findings. Data were collected from 124 Jordanian and Syrian working children over a seven-month period in 2013. Findings – The results reveal that it is poverty that forces Jordanian children into work while Syrian children are driven by the need for asylum. Of the abusive practices directed towards working children, verbal abuse is the most common. Older children, children from unstable families and those who work long hours are more vulnerable to this form of abuse, while children from unstable family structures and who work long hours are more likely to experience physically abuse. The results reveal that Syrian children are paid much less, are less verbally abused, had better schooling and perceive working conditions more positively than do their Jordanian counterparts. Research limitations/implications – Limitations of this research arise from the size the sample. Social implications – The current study aims to raise awareness about the importance of preventing abusive practices towards local and refugee children working in Jordan. Originality/value – To the best of the authors’ knowledge, very little is known about refugee child labour and how it might differ from domestic child labour.

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Nassour, Sahar, Gladys Honein-AbouHaidar, Stephen Kodish et Lamis Jomaa. « Cash Plus Social and Behavioral Change Communication Approaches to Improve Food Security : Findings From Formative Research With Syrian Refugees in Lebanon ». Current Developments in Nutrition 5, Supplement_2 (juin 2021) : 166. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cdn/nzab035_074.

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Abstract Objectives This study aimed to complement existing cash transfer programs and at improving food security among Syrian refugees (SR) in Lebanon by (1) examining their food literacy and food purchasing behaviors and (2) developing a social and behavioral change communication (SBCC) strategy. Methods This qualitative study was conducted (Jan – Feb 2020) in two phases: Phase1 included 2 focus group discussions (FGD) among 21 SR women receiving cash assistance in Tyre, Lebanon to identify food literacy gaps and preferred health communication channels. In addition, in-depth interviews were conducted with key informants (KI) from international and non-governmental organizations working with SR; Phase 2 utilized qualitative findings for the development of a culturally-appropriate SBCC strategy to improve the food purchasing and healthy dietary behaviors of SR. Five months after phase 2, key findings were shared with KI through interviews in a form of ‘member checking’ to enhance data credibility and inform the interpretations of study findings in the context of COVID-19. An inductive approach to textual analysis was used to identify key themes and sub-themes for interpretation. Results Three major themes emerged from phase 1 data: Theme 1 reflected the highly precarious conditions of settlement camps that make it difficult for refugees to be food secure. Theme 2 suggested several determinants of food purchasing behaviors (limited nutrition knowledge, poor dietary habits contributing to sub-optimal dietary diversity, and limited exposure to nutrition education on food resource management and budgeting). Theme 3 revealed important nutrition education needs, as well as preferred channels to receive such information (e.g., group education, one-on-one counselling sessions, and WhatsApp-based messaging). Other communication channels suggested by KI, and that differed from those suggested by the refugee community in phase 1, included mass media campaigns and community mobilization. Conclusions Due to both environmental challenges and individual-level factors, SR living in Tyre, Lebanon were found to have poor dietary choices, thus an SBSS strategy tailored to their needs may help improve their food purchasing behaviors and alleviate their food insecurity levels. Funding Sources University Research Board grant at the American University of Beirut, Lebanon.

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Knappe, Florian, Nadia Filippou, Zeinab Ghiami, Marianne Meier, Luce Pieters, Nicola Quadri, Karim Ramadan, Iohannes D. Morres, Antonis Hatzigeorgiadis et Markus Gerber. « Perceived advantages and disadvantages of organized sport and exercise activities in a Greek refugee camp : A qualitative approach ». Current Issues in Sport Science (CISS) 8, n^o 2 (14 février 2023) : 006. http://dx.doi.org/10.36950/2023.2ciss006.

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Human made conflicts and natural disasters led to a doubling of forced displacement in the past 10 years (United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, 2022). Forcibly displaced people are generally challenged with severe mental and physical strains before, during and after their flight. Whereas forcibly displaced people show high levels of resilience (Dangmann et al., 2021), their risk of mental health struggles is markedly increased (Mesa-Vieira et al., 2022). The objective of this study was to explore the perception of regular participation in a co-designed and tailored sport and exercise intervention among adults living in a Greek refugee camp. The methodological approach relied on ethnography including informal discussions and participative observations. Data was collected and documented daily in a research diary over a period of eight months. Additionally, debrief meetings with the coaches (4 women and 4 men) were held regularly. These insights built the basis for a critical understanding and interpretation of 13 focus group discussions (n = 49, 19 women) and 38 self-recorded testimonies (17 women). Focus group discussions were conducted after a 10-week physical activity intervention period. The same participants were asked, after a 10-week follow-up, to provide a self-recorded testimony. Overall, 58 (55.8%) of the participants took part in the physical activities on a regular basis. Regular participation benefitted domains of psychological well-being, social cohesion, personal competencies, change in behavior and physiological health. However, some of the same domains were likewise negatively affected for certain participants, namely social cohesion and physiological health. The results indicate that organized sport and exercise activities have the potential to positively impact the living conditions of adults living in a Greek refugee camp. However, participation is not imperatively beneficial and only a specific target population can be addressed. References Dangmann, C., Solberg, Ø., Myhrene Steffenak, A. K., Høye, S., & Andersen, P. N. (2021). Syrian refugee youth resettled in Norway: Mechanisms of resilience influencing health-related quality of life and mental distress. Frontiers in Public Health, 9, Article 711451. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2021.711451 Mesa-Vieira, C., Haas, A. D., Buitrago-Garcia, D., Roa-Diaz, Z. M., Minder, B., Gamba, M., Salvador, D., Gomez, D., Lewis, M., Gonzalez-Jaramillo, W. C., Pahud de Mortanges, A., Buttia, C., Muka, T., Trujillo, N., & Franco, O. H. (2022). Mental health of migrants with pre-migration exposure to armed conflict: A systematic review and meta-analysis. The Lancet Public Health, 7(5), e469-e481. https://doi:10.1016/S2468-2667(22)00061-5 United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees. (2022). Global Trends. Forced Displacement in 2021. Retrieved from https://www.unhcr.org/publications/brochures/62a9d1494/global-trends-report-2021.html

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Anabtawi, Manal Fathi, et Tamara Hamza Al Amad. « Influence of social capital on the experiences of married Syrian refugee women in Al-Mafraq Governorate ». International Social Work 62, n^o 2 (24 novembre 2017) : 640–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0020872817742693.

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This article examines the influence of social capital on the experiences of married Syrian refugee women who live in Al-Mafraq Governorate/Al-Mafraq city centre. Focus group discussions were conducted with married Syrian refugee women in order to provide a detailed description of their situation. The findings of the fieldwork with refugee women in Al-Mafraq Governorate gathered from June to September 2015 are presented here. It becomes apparent that married Syrian refugee women living in Al-Mafraq city are encountering many difficulties, regardless of the pre-existing and extensive social capital/networks within the city. Therefore, one can deduce that social capital does not play an important role in alleviating the magnitude of the suffering faced by married Syrian refugee women due to space restrictions, economic conditions, social environments and traumatic experiences.

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Nasr, Hala. « Safe Spaces for Refugee Women : Towards Cultivating Feminist Solidarity ». Feminist Review 131, n^o 1 (juillet 2022) : 10–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/01417789221102573.

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Over the last decade, growing concern over Syrian refugee women and girl’s gendered displacement experiences, including gender-based violence, has led to the proliferation of women and girl safe space interventions across neighbouring countries affected by the Syrian conflict. Though diverse in their design and implementation, some of these safe spaces aim to mobilise aspirations for feminist solidarity and collective action, where women recognise their collective power and work together to transform their gendered social conditions. Drawing on feminist ethnographic research in a safe space primarily targeting Syrian refugee women in Lebanon’s Beqaa valley, I explore several vignettes that complicate dominant feminist myths underlying its mandate. These vignettes reveal that the pursuit of feminist solidarity can neither rely on myths about refugee women’s identities and conditions, nor be taken-for-granted as an organic outcome of group activities. I offer several reflections on what these vignettes can tell us about better working towards cultivating feminist solidarity in safe spaces for refugee women in practice, with the hope that their generative and transformative potential be realised.

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Byelikova, Yuliya. « Challenges of Ukrainian Refugees in Germany : Resources for Women’s Empowerment ». Migration and Diversity 3, n^o 1 (23 février 2024) : 51–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.33182/md.v3i1.3221.

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We are currently witnessing one of the biggest waves of refugee’s influx to the EU (forced migrants); 90% of them are women and children. This paper deals with the gender sensitive approach to migration based on a study of the challenges and adaptation strategies of Ukrainian refugees in Germany. In June 2022, an online poll of 430 Ukrainian refugees was conducted by the author that included two open questions about the problems refugees faced since their arrival to Germany. The subsequently undertaken content-analysis on a grounded theory basis allows the author to describe the variety of topics, which occurred in the answers and group the challenges of respondents accordingly: adaptation, uncertainty future, separation, lack of social connections, complicated emotional state. The difference in social-demographic portraits of Ukrainian refugees (i.e. mostly female, mostly with children…) from the previous waves of refugees (i.e. Syria, Afghanistan) gives the opportunity to identify the specificity of female refugees' needs. The paper added to research of emotional challenges of refugees that are shaped by the experience of grief, loss, shame, guilt, fear, pain, loneliness, helplessness. Challenges are considered to be resources for women’s empowerment, providing changes in power structures and social institutions.

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Nasser Eddin, Nof, et Nof Nasser-Eddin. « Palestinian Refugees : A Gendered Perspective ». Exchanges : The Interdisciplinary Research Journal 3, n^o 1 (17 septembre 2015) : 96–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.31273/eirj.v3i1.127.

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This article argues that the situation of Palestinian refugees is still relevant till this day. There are around five million refugees living in neighbouring Arab countries, such as Lebanon, Jordan, Syria and Egypt, as well as neighbouring areas in Palestine itself, like the West Bank and Gaza Strip, under very precarious conditions. Their situation is extremely unstable as any changes in the region can influence them directly. The need to address this issue is particularly important because Palestinian refugees (as well as internally displaced Palestinians) have been both historically and politically marginalised. In particular, I will argue for a need to gender the debate around the Palestinian refugees, because the distinct experience of women Palestinian refugees has been overlooked within this context. Most literature has focused on the Palestinian refugees as a holistic population, which assumes all refugees share the same struggle. However, understanding the position of women within the context of the refugees and the unique struggles they face is essential to understanding their particular experiences as refugees and in highlighting their differential needs; this is why a feminist perspective is needed within the field of refugee studies. This article is based on a feminist journey drawing on research interviews with female Palestinian refugees in camps in Jordan, and with Syrian Palestinian women in Turkey, Jordan and Europe.

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Nabolsi, Manar, Reema Safadi, Carolyn Sun, Muayyad Ahmad, Du’a Al-Maharma, Suhaila Halasa, Mohammad Saleh et Jennifer Dohrn. « The health-related quality of life of Syrian refugee women in their reproductive age ». PeerJ 8 (23 septembre 2020) : e9990. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.9990.

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Background Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) for refugee women in reproductive age is highly affected by physical, political, psychosocial and environmental conditions in countries of asylum. HRQoL is enormously affected by the satisfaction of this vulnerable group with the physical, psychological, emotional and social care services provided in this critical time. Therefore, this study aimed toassess the HRQoL among Syrian refugee women of reproductive age living outside camps in Jordan. Methods A cross-sectional correlational study was conducted with a convenience sample of 523 Syrian refugee women in the host communities in Jordan.Health-related quality of life (HRQOL) was measured using the short-form 36 (SF-36) questionnaire. Results Significant negative correlations were found between SF-36 individual subscales score and the length of marriage, the number of children, parity and family income. The strongest correlations were between pain scale and length of marriage (r = − .21), and between Energy/Fatigue and ‘number of children’ (r = − .21). Conversely, antenatal care was positively correlated with physical, role emotional, pain, and general health. Physical functioning and general health were predicted significantly with less years of marriage, younger age at marriage, less violence and by higher family income. Conclusion This study suggests low HRQoL scores for women of reproductive age across all domains. Several factors such as years of marriage, age at marriage, the number of children, violence, antenatal care and family income affected the women’s general health. The provision of appropriate and accessible reproductive and maternal healthcare services in antenatal visits is critical for ensuring the immediate and long-term health and wellbeing of refugee women and their families.

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Sönmez, E., J. Jesuthasan, I. Abels, R. Nassar, C. Kurmeyer et M. Schouler-Ocak. « Study on Female Refugees – A Representative Research Study on Refugee Women in Germany ». European Psychiatry 41, S1 (avril 2017) : S251. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2017.02.038.

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IntroductionGermany is one of the European countries that receive the highest number of refugees for the last years, with around 468 thousand asylum seekers in the first half of 2016. However, the increase in the speed of short-term procedures regarding refugees may at the same time overlook the risks regarding specific populations. Moreover, women and children constitute the most vulnerable groups during war and conflicts and the worst effects, in terms of physical, mental and social consequences, develop on these groups.ObjectivesTo understand deeply the psychosocial situation of female refugees that have arrived in Federal German Republic, to assess their challenges and resources before, during and after the displacement and to propose recommendations for policy changes.MethodsThe study consists of two modules, taking place in five states in Federal German Republic, including Berlin, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Bayern, Hessen und Mainz. In the first step, a representative stratified sample of female refugees from Syria, Iraq, Iran, Afghanistan, Somali and Eritrea are recruited. The quantitative study instrument include a socio-demographic question form and HSCL-Hopkins checklist, Harvard Trauma questionnaire, Beck depressions inventory, EUROHIS–QOL and SCL-14. In the second step, a qualitative in-depth analysis of focus group meetings is conducted.Results and conclusionsThere is an urgent need to take action for the mental health problems of refugees. This study constitutes one of the most extensive researches, especially on a subpopulation of refugees that requires specific attention. Challenges faced throughout the protocol and detailed results will be shared as presentation.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

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Greene, R. Neil. « Kinship, Friendship, and Service Provider Social Ties and How They Influence Well-Being among Newly Resettled Refugees ». Socius : Sociological Research for a Dynamic World 5 (janvier 2019) : 237802311989619. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2378023119896192.

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As refugees move from forced displacement to resettlement, their networks change dramatically alongside their living conditions and surroundings. The relative benefit of different kinds of ties in this context is not well known. Data for this study came from quantitative and qualitative interviews that were part of the Refugee Well-Being Project (N = 290), a longitudinal randomized controlled trial study inclusive of refugees resettling from the Great Lakes region of Africa, Afghanistan, Iraq, and Syria. Quantitative results revealed that greater numbers of kinship ties were related to better psychological quality of life ( p < .01) and greater numbers of reported services providers as social ties were related to higher emotional distress ( p < .001). Greater numbers of friendship ties were not statistically related to psychological quality of life or emotional distress. Qualitative findings suggest that cultural brokers—social ties that can bridge cultures, languages, and backgrounds—were particularly important to well-being, blending the benefits of strong and weak ties.

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Mwenyango, Hadijah, et George Palattiyil. « Health needs and challenges of women and children in Uganda’s refugee settlements : Conceptualising a role for social work ». International Social Work 62, n^o 6 (9 septembre 2019) : 1535–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0020872819865010.

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With 1.36 million refugees, Uganda has witnessed Africa’s highest refugee crisis and is confronted with subsequent protection and assistance demands. The Government of Uganda and its partners are trying to support refugees to overcome the associated debilitating health conditions, and it recently shot to prominence in refuge management. Despite this, there are still gaps in health service provision for refugees. This article discusses the health situation of refugee women and children living in Uganda’s refugee settlements, explores the existing health service gaps, and argues that there is a need to extend the role of social work in health services for refugees.

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Slonim-Nevo, Vered, Shirley Regev et Yiftach Millo. « The Psycho-Social Conditions of Asylum-Seekers from Darfur in Israel ». Refuge : Canada's Journal on Refugees 31, n^o 2 (2 décembre 2015) : 25–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.25071/1920-7336.40307.

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ObjectiveThe study appraises the prevalence of pre-migration trauma exposure, the ability to secure basic living needs, and psychological functioning among Darfuri asylumseekers and refugees living in Israel. MethodThe sample included 340 adults from Darfur. Standardized measures assessing socio-psychological functioning were utilized. Results The participants demonstrated high rates of pre-migration exposure to traumatic experiences. Thirty per cent of the participants met DSM–IV criteria PTSD, with a higher proportion for women than for men. Post-migration stressors were mentioned by the majority of the participants. ConclusionsThe State of Israel should recognize past atrocities and traumas of Darfuris who arrived in Israel. Such recognition should be offered as acceptance of their rightful access to refugee status determination. Moreover, the State of Israel needs to modify government policies and legalization facilities so that Darfuri refugees and asylum-seekers will have access to basic human needs and support services.

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Goniewicz, Krzysztof, Amir Khorram-Manesh et Mariusz Goniewicz. « Refugees and Their Unforeseen Future ». Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 38, S1 (mai 2023) : s11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x23000730.

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Introduction:The current hybrid war in Ukraine clearly shows the impacts of modern warfare on civilians. Infrastructure, including healthcare facilities, energy sources, and every entity supporting the lifeline of the people are under attack, leaving no options but to leave the country for those who can. Since the outbreak of the conflict, over three million Ukrainian women and children have migrated to the neighboring countries. Although women and children might be the healthiest groups among refugees, they create other challenges within healthcare.Method:Qualitative and quantitative methods which describes all possible impacts of the war on the refugees’ situation in three periods of time.Migration: During this period, besides the risk of trauma, there are other types of diseases such as infectious diseases that influence the outcome of the migration.Settlement: This period consists of emergency physical and psychological conditions that bring the refugees to the hospitals. Hygenic issues and exposure to new diseases such as Covid-19 can be part of this period. Additionally, there might be social adjustment issues that need to be discussed.The post-conflict: Consists of PTSD and other psychological impacts of the war, which may change the course of the life of many survivors. The final impact of the failure in social adjustment may also result in long-term socio-cultural issues.Results:We expect that the results of the submitted projects demonstrate the unforeseen physical and psychological wounds in refugees, irrespective of their age and background. One major outcome would be the failure of the social adjustment and if possible, a comparison with previous wars’ refugees.Conclusion:The research will conclude by presenting a summary of all results and categorization of the conditions that influence the well-being of refugees as well as the host country. New recommendations will be available based on the experience gained and the results presented.

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Acosta Gálvez, Daniela. « Challenges of Migrant and Refugee Women in Local Integration Processes : Case of Venezuela And Colombia "Welcome All" ». Proceedings of The Global Conference on Women’s Studies 1, n^o 1 (22 août 2023) : 85–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.33422/womensconf.v1i1.77.

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This paper examines why local integration processes differ between men and women from a gender perspective. The challenges that migrant and refugee women face in accessing rights and benefits are different due to the prevalence of traditional gender norms and the discrimination of power structures. How gender is defined and conceived has shaped migration patterns, the conditions during the mobilisation and the later circumstances in the host countries. Women migrants and refugees assume burdens related to sexist notions and ideas about their role in the world, and they are excluded from most of the social, cultural, political and economic spheres necessary for the process of recovery, adaptation and integration in the new contexts. This study used qualitative and quantitative research based on a case study of refugee and migrant Venezuelan women in Colombia, where was applied regressions with linear and probabilistic methods to determine the relationships and causalities between selected variables of the essential conditions to achieve local integration. The results of the exercise evidenced that even when existing equality in legal guarantees for refugees and migrant populations, there is a gap between the processes of local integration between men and women. The empirical data concluded that refugees and migrant women faced more challenges and limited access to opportunities.

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Frotveit, Maryna, et Shkodych Anna. « CONCEPTUAL PRINCIPLES OF RESEARCH OF THE PROBLEMS OF ADAPTATION AND INTEGRATION OF MUSLIM FEMALE REFUGEES IN GERMANY ». Skhid, n^o 2(1) (30 avril 2021) : 31–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.21847/1728-9343.2021.2(1).230076.

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The article is devoted to the processes of Muslim women fleeing to Germany. In the article, the authors consider the Muslim women fleeing to Germany in conditions of increased conflict in their countries of origin as a separate type of refugees. An attempt has been made to characterize the psycho-social condition of refugee women who arrived in Germany and to determine their qualitative and quantitative characteristics. The authors paid attention to what factors affect their involvement in society. Our study has proved that refugees are a separate component of German society because they directly affect the demographic and socio-economic situation in Germany. Ensuring the stable and effective socio-economic development of Germany with the involvement of all categories of the population is directly related to the implementation of public policy. The study of the gender aspects of refugees may help to identify key issues, the solution of which will facilitate the rapid adaptation and integration of Muslim refugees in German society, and, in prospect, to actively involve them in the development of German society.The results of the study helped in the analysis of the integration and adaptation processes of Muslim refugees as a separate part of refugees. Women refugees are a more vulnerable category of refugees, so they can be easily manipulated and abused. Identifying problems during integration may help to improve mechanisms for the protection of refugees and asylum seekers.In this article, the authors focused on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the reception and adaptation of refugees, as well as the establishment of new rules to meet the basic needs of refugees in shelters, the lack of which is unsanitary norms and the impossibility of distancing. The COVID-19 pandemic has changed the decision-making process and refugee reception procedures, so the analysis of the challenges points to weaknesses in human rights mechanisms for refugees.

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Momot, Volodymyr Ye, Olena M. Lytvynenko et S. Zairzhanov. « SPECIFICS OF GAINING ECONOMIC INDEPENDENCE BY REFUGEES FROM UKRAINE ». Academic Review 1, n^o 58 (15 février 2023) : 205–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.32342/2074-5354-2023-1-58-15.

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The article examines the problems of the emergence and development of the flow of refugees from Ukraine during the first half of 2022 as a complex phenomenon that depends on rational (economic) and irrational (social-psychological) factors. The phenomenological model, created on the basis of the Burgers’ equation, which reproduces the process of the involvement of the new refugees to the flow and the resistance of the environment to the formation of this flow, made it possible to analyze such subtle effects as the existence of a hub country, where the initial accumulation of refugees takes place, followed by redistribution, and the influence of infrastructure problems in the exit country. Transitional regimes from the infrastructural problems prevailing in the country of exit to the predominant influence of the hub-country effects are also considered. It is concluded that the entry to new levels of the refugee flow could be achieved due to the effects of emotional and economic (rational) behavior of refugees replenishing the hub, i.e., a stepwise development of the refugee flow is possible if new hubs would be created, or the existing hub will be freed up from overloading. On the basis of mathematical modeling, it is shown that in the case when the refugee flow is restrained by infrastructural problems in the exodus country, the exit to the stationary regime is delayed. Identification of the proposed model was carried out based on the empirical data on the refugee flow development using the apparatus of incorrect problems of the mathematical physics. A comparison of the dynamic effects of the refugee flow development from Ukraine with similar processes in Syria and Iraq was carried out, which allowed for identification of the zones of influence of infrastructure problems and the hub effect in the refugee flow development. The use of the concept of refugees’ economic independence (self-sufficiency), which was developed in 2018 by the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, was proposed as a basis for policy formation in the field of refugee assistance. The consequences of the discrete use of this concept in the case of refugees from Syria are analyzed, and the dynamics of employment opportunities for these refugees in countries with similar and different socio-cultural conditions were compared. A conclusion was made about the fundamental difference in the employment trends in those types of countries. The authors formulated proposals regarding the utilization of the Monte Carlo methods and the learning model for researching the peculiarities of the process of Ukrainian refugees achieving a certain level of economic independence (self-sufficiency), determining the typical time of reaching such a level, obtaining the distribution of probabilities of getting the first job depending on the initial competencies and skills of refuges, their education, experience, and foreign languages mastery.

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Dalky, Heyam Fawaz, Abeer Qandil et Amani A. Alqawasmi. « Factors Associated With Undernutrition Among Pregnant and Lactating Syrian Refugee Women in Jordan ». Global Journal of Health Science 10, n^o 4 (5 mars 2018) : 58. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/gjhs.v10n4p58.

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BACKGROUND: Maternal undernutrition is a public health issue and is reported to cause life-long and irreversible damage, with consequences at the individual, community, and national level. Many factors are reported to impact nutritional status for refugee pregnant or lactating women. Recently, Jordan has accepted an influx of refugees from Syria. Maternal undernutrition in pregnant and lactating Syrian women poses significant health risks.OBJECTIVE: To identify the relationship of undernutrition to underlying causes of socio-demographic, health and obstetric care, psychological wellbeing, social support, and marital violence among pregnant and lactating Syrian women attending obstetric outpatient clinics in Jordan.METHODS: The study was a cross-sectional assessment of 423 pregnant and lactating Syrian refugee women of established households within Jordan. Self-report questionnaires and anthropometric measurements were primary data sources.RESULTS: 49.2% (n=208) of participants were categorized as undernutrition (undernourished), a problem that is more prevailing among pregnant than lactating women. Statistical significance association was found for the variables extended family type, availability of health services, regular exercise, the trimester of pregnancy, low birth weight of the baby, and psychological well-being, when examined against undernutrition status.CONCLUSION: Undernutrition is a significant health issue among women of reproductive age. This study is a building block for further research, yet it provides basic information on the effect of undernourishment on pregnant and lactating Syrian refugee women.

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Sidhva, Dina, Ann-Christin Zuntz, Ruba al Akash, Ayat Nashwan et Areej Al-Majali. « ‘In Exile, the Woman Became Everything’ ». Journal of Humanitarian Affairs 3, n^o 1 (1 janvier 2021) : 4–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.7227/jha.054.

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This article explores the intersections of generational and gender dynamics with humanitarian governance in Jordan that cause shifts in the division of labour within displaced families. Drawing on life history interviews and focus group discussions with seventeen Syrian women in Jordan in spring 2019, we explore the monetary and non-monetary contributions of middle-aged females to the livelihoods of refugee households. Older women’s paid and unpaid labour holds together dispersed families whose fathers have been killed or incapacitated, or remain in Syria or in the Gulf. In doing so, many women draw on their pre-war experience of living with – or rather apart from – migrant husbands. Increased economic and social responsibilities coincide with a phase in our interviewees’ lifecycle in which they traditionally acquire greater authority as elders, especially as mothers-in-law. While power inequalities between older and younger Syrian women are not new, they have been exacerbated by the loss of resources in displacement. Our insights offer a counterpoint to humanitarian attempts at increasing refugees’ ‘self-reliance’ through small-scale entrepreneurship. For now, culturally appropriate and practically feasible jobs for middle-aged women are found in their living rooms. Supportive humanitarian action should allow them to upscale their businesses and address power dynamics within families.

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Zahreddine, Danny, et Guilherme Di Lorenzo Pires. « Horizontal inequality and multi-sectarian societies ». Conjuntura Austral 13, n^o 64 (9 décembre 2022) : 82–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.22456/2178-8839.126987.

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After the beginning of the Arab Spring and the conflict in Syria, researchers from all over the world are trying to understand the reasons that led to the civil war in that country. Many hypotheses are raised, from the deterioration of socioeconomic conditions, the increasingly harsh political and police repression against the regime's opponents, to the interest of regional powers in changing the Syrian regime. In this article, we decided to explore another dimension of conflict. After applying a questionnaire to a group of Syrian refugees in Brazil, we sought to understand the perception of respondents about the existence or not of horizontal inequality between the Syrian confessional groups, in the economic, social, religious, political and cultural spheres. The result found sheds light on the important role of the perception of horizontal inequality between groups as an important source of discontent and frustration, which may have contributed to the breaking of the Syrian State's social political pact.

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Banerjee, Pallavi, Soulit Chacko et Souzan Korsha. « Toll of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Primary Caregiver in Yazidi Refugee Families in Canada : A Feminist Refugee Epistemological Analysis ». Studies in Social Justice 16, n^o 1 (24 janvier 2022) : 33–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.26522/ssj.v16i1.2692.

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Existing discourse on refugee resettlement in the West is rife with imperialist and neoliberal allusions. Materially, this discourse assumes refugees as passive recipients of resettlement programs in the host country denying them their subjectivities. Given the amplification of all social and economic inequities during the pandemic, our paper explores how Canada's response to the pandemic vis-a-vis refugees impacted the everyday of Yazidis in Calgary - a recently arrived refugee group who survived the most horrific genocidal atrocities of our times. Based on interviews with Yazidi families in Calgary and with resettlement staff we unpack Canada's paternalistic response to COVID-19 toward refugees. We show how resettlement provisions and social isolation along with pre-migration histories have furthered the conditions of social, economic, and affective inequities for the Yazidis. We also show how Yazidi women who were most impacted by the genocide and the subsequent pandemic find ways of asserting their personhood and engage in healing through a land-based resettlement initiative during the pandemic. Adopting a Feminist Refugee Epistemology and a southern moral imaginary as our discursive lenses, we highlight the need to dismantle the existing paternalistic structures and re(orient) resettlement practices and praxis to a social justice framework centering the voices of refugee women and families in their resettlement process.

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Makhoul, Jihad, Ann Taket, Michael Khoury et Tamar Kabakian-Khasholian. « Insights into theorizing social exclusion and inequities : A perspective from the Arab World ». Journal of Social Inclusion 10, n^o 1 (13 septembre 2019) : 24–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.36251/josi160.

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Objective: To explore the influence of the global structural determinants and theirpathways of action on health disparities and social exclusion, drawing on findings fromresearch with four different population groups in an Arab context. We use a socioecologicalframework to categorise these determinants into levels to allow an in-depthlook into their pathways of action on social exclusion and inequalities.Methods: We use findings from an ethnographic study on Palestinian and Iraqirefugees in Lebanon; a qualitative research study on women’s needs for labour supportin three public hospitals in Egypt, Lebanon and Syria; and counselling experiences withuniversity scholarship recipients in Lebanon. These findings were revisited using asocial exclusion lens.Results: Global forces, such as modernism, inequitable foreign policies of resettlementcountries, over-medicalization of health care, modern educational systems and armedconflicts fueled by global vested interests interact to cause and exacerbate socialexclusion. Palestinian refugees relate their experiences of discrimination in what isperceived to be a hostile society to policies reducing their education and employmentopportunities. Delays in processing resettlement applications of Iraqi refugees and thelack of power over the choice of resettlement countries are a source of reported stressand anxiety. Over-medicalization of maternity care disrupts the traditional ways ofgiving birth surrounded with family through policies and practices restricting labourcompanionship, resulting in the isolation and silencing of women during childbirth.Scholarship students reported inadvertent exclusion from their families, societies andcolleagues. Scrutiny of the findings and re-examination of the data reveals theimportance of global structural determinants in explaining the patterns of exclusionreported for the population groups observed.Conclusion: Expanding the ecological framework of determinants of social exclusion atthe level of wider social/structural determinants is necessary to improve ourunderstanding of social exclusion in impoverished and war affected places around theworld.

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Al-Homoud, Majd, et Hala Ghanem. « Regeneration of Amman Center - Social Acceptance of Syrian Migrants in Downtown Amman ». Resourceedings 2, n^o 1 (25 février 2019) : 27. http://dx.doi.org/10.21625/resourceedings.v2i1.450.

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Several studies discussed attitudes towards migrants; some of the issues pointed out are integration that requires interaction between migrants and the host society. Homogenous social groupings produce stronger communities. As the conflict in Syria entered its fifth year, Jordan hosted about 1.4 million registered Syrians, of whom 646,700 are informal refugees. Eighty-five percent of the refugees live outside camps in some of the poorest areas of Jordan. Consequently, new household’s typologies pressured the supply side. Such non-camp refugees’ migration patterns and housing market conditions formed ethnic homogeneous enclaves in different locations in Amman. Accordingly, non-camp refugees occupied and rented the upper floors of mixed used commercial buildings in downtown Amman.The present study investigated social acceptance of Syrian migrants residing in upper floors of commercial mixed used buildings located in the city center of Amman. The primary purpose of this research is to study how social acceptance of Syrian migrants is influenced by social gating. The hypothesis of the present study states that social acceptance of Syrian migrants in downtown Amman is influenced by sense of merchants’ sense of social gating. The significance of the study stems from that the development of downtown Amman with such rich social context can be informative and useful for strategic planners, local governments, NGO’s, social workers, and psychologists. This paper offers such an opportunity to reflect on an unfolding crisis that is of major social concern with changing urban demographics.The study was conducted using a quantitative and qualitative research strategy; an embedded research design was used. The quantitative method was conducted using a survey with downtown merchants, in addition to supportive qualitative methods of face-to-face interviews. The study was conducted in the central part of Amman, known locally as Wast Al-balad, which is considered the old commercial area that dates back to the second quarter of the twentieth century. Some of these secondary residential units became spaces (enclaves) for migrants that formed ethnic low-income enclaves. In the last five years, low-income Syrian migrants started to rent these units in Amman’s urban center. Outcomes indicated that social cohesion is the strongest motivator for acceptance of outsiders by the local merchants to reside in the upper floors of the commercial buildings of Downtown Amman area.

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Shalimova, Anna, Maria S. Stoenoiu, Wieslaw J. Cubala, Michel Burnier, Alexandre Persu et Krzysztof Narkiewicz. « SEVERITY OF EMOTIONAL DISTRESS AND POST-TRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER AMONG HYPERTENSIVE AND NORMOTENSIVE UKRAINIAN REFUGEE WOMEN IN DIFFERENT LIVING CONDITIONS ». Journal of Hypertension 42, Suppl 1 (mai 2024) : e312. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.hjh.0001022744.43449.0a.

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Objective: The ongoing conflict in Ukraine has led to the exposure of a substantial number of residents to traumatic events and significant stress. A considerable portion of the Ukrainian population, particularly women and children, has sought refuge outside the country to evade the war's impact. Among the Ukrainian refugees in Poland, varying living conditions prevail, potentially influencing the intensity of their stress levels. This study aims to investigate the potential association between living conditions (within or outside dormitories) and the severity of emotional distress and post-traumatic stress disorders (PTSD) in Ukrainian women seeking asylum in Poland. Design and method: The study included 98 refugee women living in dormitories and 52 refugees renting apartments in Sopot, Poland. Relevant demographic and clinical data were obtained. Blood pressure (BP) was measured using validated oscillometric devices. Furthermore, subjects filled validated questionnaires for depression, stress and anxiety (DASS) and PTSD (PCL-5). Subjects with and without hypertension were compared for both general and psychological characteristics. Results: There were no significant differences in BP levels and the percentage of normotensive and hypertensive patients between two groups. Nevertheless, compared to subjects living in dormitories, refugees leasing apartments exhibited significantly higher DASS scores (30.6±15.7 vs. 19.9±13.4, p<0.0001). This group also included a higher proportion of women with moderate to severe scores for depression (65 vs 32%, p<0.0001), anxiety (83 vs 53%, p<0.001), and stress (69 vs 40%, p<0.0001). Furthermore, refugees renting apartments scored higher for PTSD score (33.5±14.7 vs 21.6±14.1, p<0.0001) particularly regarding intrusion (cluster B, p=0.002), negative alteration in cognition (cluster D, p=0.01) and hyper-arousal (cluster E, p=0.0001) dimensions, and a higher proportion met the criteria of PTSD (60 vs 27%, p<0.0001). Conclusions: Refugees residing in leased apartments exhibited comparable rates of hypertension but demonstrated heightened emotional distress and PTSD compared to their counterparts in dormitories. These differences may reflect the positive impact of social support and cohabitation with individuals who share similar traumatic experiences. Further investigations will include in-depth cardiovascular assessment, 24-hour ambulatory BP measurement, reassessment of stress/PTSD questionnaires, and psychiatric consultation.

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Zieliński, Grzegorz. « Right to Family Benefits for Refugees from Ukraine ». Teka Komisji Prawniczej PAN Oddział w Lublinie 16, n^o 2 (29 décembre 2023) : 415–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.32084/tkp.5307.

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Russia’s incursion into Ukraine on 24 February 2022 has forced bordering countries to host refugees fleeing from the conflict. Since the start of the war, approximately 9.75 million refugees, predominately women and children, have crossed the Polish-Ukrainian border. The situation remains challenging for those affected. The article aims to present a legal analysis of the provisions on Polish social assistance provided through family benefits to refugees from Ukraine. Article 26 of the Act on assistance to citizens of Ukraine in connection with the armed conflict on the territory of that state outlines five groups of benefits regulated by separate laws that may be enjoyed by Ukrainian citizens residing in the Republic of Poland, provided their stay is considered legal under Article 2(1) of this law. The criteria for receiving the benefit are twofold. Certain conditions are determined by the Act of 12 March 2022, while other conditions are laid out in special laws that contain provisions for a specific benefit.

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Almashi, I. M., et M. M. Almashi. « Evolution of the definition of the term "refugee" ». Analytical and Comparative Jurisprudence, n^o 2 (23 juin 2023) : 63–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.24144/2788-6018.2023.02.10.

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It is indicated that the presence of large number of refugees in the world indicates numerous problems in the peaceful coexistence of states in various regions of the planet, including, unfortunately, in Europe, where more than 10 million Ukrainians have already become refugees as a result of full-scale brazen Russian aggression, in addition, there are many refugees in Europe, also in Ukraine, from areas of conflicts in Afghanistan, Somalia, Syria, Iraq, Georgia, Kosovo, Nagorno-Karabakh. As a result of objective circumstances, all these people were forced to leave their native homes and become refugees. The presence of millions of refugees from the different parts of the world proves the need for radical reforms of the UN, which is increasingly finding it difficult to ensure international law and order and conflict resolution, and also shows the urgent need to improve the mechanism of protection of the human rights at the universal level.It is proved that the evolution of the concept of "refugee" continues for a long time. Currently, the main emphasis in this field in legal science is aimed at unifying the understanding of the concept of "refugee" in international law, primarily at the universal level. The full-scale aggression of russian federation in Ukraine caused the largest wave of refugees in the history of Ukraine, currently only in the EU, according to official UN data, there are already more than 8.1 million citizens of Ukraine, of which 4.9 million citizens of Ukraine have already received refugee status or asylum.It is noted that in order for a person to be recognized as a refugee under international law, he must meet the following conditions: stay outside the country of his citizenship or permanent residence (if the person is stateless); the presence of well-founded fears of becoming a victim of persecution based on race, religion, belonging to a certain social group, citizenship, political beliefs; unwillingness or inability to use the protection of this country; does not belong to the category of persons not covered by the Convention. The simultaneous operation of the UNHCR Charter, the 1951 UN Convention about Status of Refugees and the 1966 Protocol on the Status of Refugees led to the emergence of the such a problem as the emergence of two types of refugees: "mandatory" and "conventional".

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Libanova, Ella, et Oleksii Pozniak. « War-driven wave of Ukrainian emigration to Europe : an attempt to evaluate the scale and consequences (the view of Ukrainian researchers) ». Statistics in Transition new series 24, n^o 1 (24 février 2023) : 259–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.59170/stattrans-2023-014.

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The article aims to evaluate the scale and consequences of the emigration of Ukrainians triggered by the military aggression of the Russian Federation. The paper also attempts to determine the composition of the refugees. The first weeks of the military aggression saw the most active departure of the population from Ukraine, after that the number of those seeking refuge decreased. According to the estimation of the Ptukha Institute for Demography and Social Studies of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine based on the data from the State Border Guard Service, the number of ‘refugees from the war in Ukraine’ reached 3 million as of the end of June 2022. The emigrants are mainly residents of Kyiv and Kharkiv, which results in a much higher specific weight of people with higher education than the national average. This fact combined with an orientation towards employment rather than social assistance (a mentality that is relatively close to Europeans), suggests a high probability (especially compared to the same emigrants from other countries, including Syria and Afghanistan) for most Ukrainian women to successfully adapt to life across the border. This is especially true for those who came to Poland, due to the minimal linguistic and cultural differences between the countries. The potential amount of irreversible migration losses, depending on the military and economic factors, ranges from 600–700 thousand to 5–5.5 million people. Considering the fact that approximately 3 million Ukrainians had already been staying (working) abroad before 2022, the war is likely to result in a demographic catastrophe for Ukraine, whose demographic potential has been utterly exhausted.

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Zehetmair, Catharina, David Kindermann, Inga Tegeler, Cassandra Derreza-Greeven, Anna Cranz, Hans-Christoph Friederich et Christoph Nikendei. « A Qualitative Evaluation of a Mother and Child Center Providing Psychosocial Support to Newly Arrived Female Refugees in a Registration and Reception Center in Germany ». International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, n^o 9 (23 avril 2021) : 4480. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18094480.

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Female refugees are frequently exposed to sexualized, gender-based violence and harassment before, during, and after their flight. Yet female refugee-specific care and protection needs are rarely addressed in host countries. This study aimed to evaluate a mother and child center (MUKI) for female refugees in a reception and registration center in Germany. In 2017, we conducted semi-structured qualitative interviews with 16 female refugees attending the MUKI and with its five main staff members. We asked the participants about the MUKI’s relevance, encountered difficulties, and suggestions for improvement. The interviewees appreciated the MUKI’s sheltered environment, care services, and socializing opportunities, as well as its women-only concept. Overall, the participants saw overexertion, social engagement-related difficulties, and the MUKI’s noisy environment as key attendance barriers. Interviewed staff primarily reported problems regarding the working conditions, including the high staff and attendee turnover and low general service awareness. The participants advocated an expansion of the MUKI program. The MUKI project underlines that providing newly arrived, vulnerable female refugees with sheltered surroundings and psychosocial services is an essential step toward addressing female refugees’ specific care needs.

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Liu, Can, Mia Ahlberg, Anders Hjern et Olof Stephansson. « Perinatal health of refugee and asylum-seeking women in Sweden 2014–17 : a register-based cohort study ». European Journal of Public Health 29, n^o 6 (4 juillet 2019) : 1048–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/eurpub/ckz120.

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Abstract Background An increasing number of migrants have fled armed conflict, persecution and deteriorating living conditions, many of whom have also endured risky migration journeys to reach Europe. Despite this, little is known about the perinatal health of migrant women who are particularly vulnerable, such as refugees, asylum-seekers, and undocumented migrants, and their access to perinatal care in the host country. Methods Using the Swedish Pregnancy Register, we analyzed indicators of perinatal health and health care usage in 31 897 migrant women from the top five refugee countries of origin between 2014 and 2017. We also compared them to native-born Swedish women. Results Compared to Swedish-born women, migrant women from Syria, Iraq, Somali, Eritrea and Afghanistan had higher risks of poor self-rated health, gestational diabetes, stillbirth and infants with low birthweight. Within the migrant population, asylum-seekers and undocumented migrants had a higher risk of poor maternal self-rated health than refugee women with residency, with an adjusted risk ratio (RR) of 1.84 and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) of 1.72–1.97. They also had a higher risk of preterm birth (RR 1.47, 95% CI 1.21–1.79), inadequate antenatal care (RR 2.56, 95% CI 2.27–2.89) and missed postpartum care visits (RR 1.15, 95% CI 1.10–1.22). Conclusion Refugee, asylum-seeking and undocumented migrant women were vulnerable during pregnancy and childbirth. Living without residence permits negatively affected self-rated health, pregnancy and birth outcomes in asylum-seekers and undocumented migrants. Pregnant migrant women’s special needs should be addressed by those involved in the asylum reception process and by health care providers.

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Guido, Veronese, Pepe Alessandro et Giordano Francesca. « Child Psychological Adjustment to War and Displacement : A Discriminant Analysis of Resilience and Trauma in Syrian Refugee Children ». Journal of Child and Family Studies 30, n^o 10 (19 août 2021) : 2575–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10826-021-02067-2.

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AbstractThe ongoing war in Syria has led to the displacement of 12 million people since 2011, with minors representing 40% of all refugees. Syrian children living in refugee camps are at risk of developing a wide range of mental health problems, given their previous and ongoing exposure to episodes of violence, disruption of family ties, and discontinuous access to education. In this study, we drew on the salutogenic paradigm to investigate whether, and to what extent, high/low levels of resilience were associated with other indicators of mental health and post-traumatic response in Syrian children living in refugee camps. The sample was composed of 311 Syrian children living in Jordanian refugee camps as a consequence of the war in Syria. We administered quantitative self-report measures to assess participants’ exposure to trauma, individual levels of resilience, and mental health, performing discriminant analysis to examine the association between resilience and trauma/mental health. Syrian children living in Jordanian refugee camps reported intense exposure to traumatic events. The linear discriminant equation supported adoption of the function [Wilk’s Lambda (Λ = 0.827)]: lower levels of resilience were associated with trauma symptoms (re-experiencing, avoidance, and hyperarousal) and emotional problems, while higher levels of resilience were associated with pro-social behaviours. The findings of the present study suggest that resilience acts as a protective factor buffering children from the consequences of trauma and challenging life conditions. We discuss the implications for interventions designed to promote the wellbeing and mental health of children living in refugee camps.

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Argarini, Tri Okta, Purwanita Setijanti et Happy Ratna Sumartinah. « EKSPLORASI POLA ADAPTASI PENGUNGSI WANITA MADURA DI PENAMPUNGAN SEMENTARA RUSUNAWA JEMUNDO, SIDOARJO ». Jurnal Arsitektur ARCADE 7, n^o 3 (29 septembre 2023) : 400–405. http://dx.doi.org/10.31848/arcade.v7i3.3202.

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Abstract: Refugees are usually accommodated in temporary shelters with limited conditions. Shelters are usually set up as a temporary solution, which UNHCR says their conditions are like living in limbo (uncertainty). However, unlike the usual shelters, the Sampang refugees, who are included in the category of internally displaced people, are being temporarily accommodated in the Jemundo Rusunawa. Moreover, they have been in the residence for almost 11 years. In addition to getting access to basic needs, the condition of the shelter is in the form of a permanent building that is suitable for renting out to the surrounding community. Do these conditions make it easier for Sampang refugees to adapt? While many theories say that refugees, especially women, experience difficulties when they are in a new environment, for example related to their domestic and social activities. This research explores the adaptation pattern of Sampang women refugees who have a strong culture and spirituality in getting used to new housing, which not only has a different pattern, but also has levels. The qualitative method was chosen to make it easier to explore the natural settings of these women. Data were obtained through observation and interviews, which were then analyzed using thematic analysis. The results show that they create the atmosphere of their home by expanding domestic space into spaces that have opportunities and are agreed upon by the community.Keyword: Adaptation Pattern, Female Refugees, Rusun Abstrak: Pengungsi biasanya ditampung pada hunian sementara dengan kondisi yang terbatas. Tempat penampungan biasa didirikan sebagai solusi sementara, dimana UNHCR menyebut kondisi mereka seperti hidup didalam limbo (ketidakpastian). Namun berbeda dengan penampungan biasanya, pengungsi Sampang, yang termasuk dalam ketegori internally displaced people ini, ditampung sementara di Rusunawa Jemundo. Apalagi mereka sudah berada pada hunian tersebut selama hampir 11 tahun. Selain mendapat akses kebutuhan dasar, kondisi penampungan berupa gedung permanen yang layak disewakan bagi masyarakat sekitar. Apakah kondisi yang demikian membuat pengungsi Sampang lebih mudah beradaptasi?. Sementara banyak teori yang mengatakan bahwa pengungsi, khususnya wanita, mengalami kesulitan saat berada di lingkungan baru, misalnya terkait dengan kegiatan domestik maupun kegiatan sosial mereka. Penelitian ini menggali pola adaptasi pengungsi wanita Sampang yang memiliki kebudayaan dan spiritualitas yang kental melakukan pembiasaan pada hunian baru, yang tidak hanya memiliki pola yang berbeda, tetapi juga bertingkat. Metode kualitatif yang dipilih untuk mempermudah menggali natural setting dari para wanita tersebut. Data didapatkan melalui observasi dan wawancara, yang kemudian dianalisis menggunakan analisis tematik. Hasil menunjukkan mereka menciptakan suasana rumahnya dengan memperluas ruang domestik pada ruang-ruang yang berpeluang dan disepakati bersama komunitas.Kata Kunci: Pola Adaptasi, Pengungsi Wanita, Rusun

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Baird, Martha B., et Joyceen S. Boyle. « Well-Being in Dinka Refugee Women of Southern Sudan ». Journal of Transcultural Nursing 23, n^o 1 (3 novembre 2011) : 14–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1043659611423833.

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The purpose of this study was to understand the health and well-being of Sudanese refugee women who were resettled with their children to the United States. The design was an interpretive ethnography using individual interviews and participant observation with extensive field notes. The findings describe personal factors as well as community and social conditions that influenced the health and well-being of the refugee women and their families. These influences are captured in the three themes that emerged from the study: (1) liminality—living between two cultures, (2) self-support—standing on our own two legs, and (3) hope for the future. These themes describe a process of how refugee women achieve well-being in the transition to a new country and culture. The study contributes to our theoretical understanding of how to develop culturally congruent interventions for resettled refugees.

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HOLOVKO L. V. et L. E. KOROLYK-BOYKO. « Ukrainian Refugees in Italy : Activities and Assistance of Caritas and «MIST-IL PONTE» Association ». Demography and social economy, n^o 4 (21 décembre 2022) : 75–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/dse2022.04.075.

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The relevance of the article is due to the need to create comfortable conditions for Ukrainian refugees in their places of temporary residence in Italy. Since the full-scale invasion of the territory of Ukraine by Russian troops, during February-July 2022, 288 refugees arrived in the city of Gubbio, region of Umbria, most of them women aged 30-45 and minor children. The article reveals the role of the cohesion of the local population, the Ukrainian diaspora, the consolidation of the efforts of state bodies and the informal sector. The purpose of the article is to determine the socio-demographic characteristics of Ukrainian refugees who turn to Caritas and the association “MIST-IL PONTE” in Gubbio for help. In the course of the research, general scientific methods were used: face-to-face survey, analysis, synthesis, generalization. The novelty is the opinion of Ukrainian refugees about the activities of Caritas in cooperation with the association “MIST-IL PONTE” determined for the first time, on the basis of a developed questionnaire. The significance of the Italian government’s support for Ukraine and its refugees has been revealed, in particular on the issues of providing Ukrainian refugees with the temporary protected status, a high level of necessary social, educational and medical services. The results of the survey of Ukrainian refugees, which were taken into account by Caritas and the association “MIST-IL PONTE” in their further work, were analyzed. Minor problems encountered by Ukrainian refugees during their stay in Italy and their causes are identified. The priority of creating comfortable living conditions, receiving social, including educational, services is substantiated, since a significant part of refugees are minors of preschool and school age. Focused attention on the fact that the development and implementation of various thematic activities by the “MIST-IL PONTE” association with the participation of Ukrainian refugees, especially children, contributes to the recovery of their psychological state, rapid adaptation to society, learning the Italian language, culture, customs and traditions of the local population and indicates the solidarity of the Italian people in supporting Ukraine in the fight against the Russian aggressor. The reasons why refugees intend to stay in Italy have been established. Some of them plan to return in a couple of months, and others - after the end of the war in Ukraine. In general, most Ukrainians have already returned. The variety of services received, the constant assistance of Caritas and the professionalism of its volunteers are highly rated by Ukrainian refugees. Caritas in Gubbio operates in 8 parishes, where it has its branches. Thanks to the functioning of the national web-platform, a single registration database has been created, which contains general information about persons, their status and needs. This specificity of activity ensures the provision of high-quality and quick assistance to everyone who is registered.

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Puteri, Dina Silvia, Denita Cahyanti Wahono, Rr Jannatul Firdaus, Ngboawaji Daniel Nte et Windiahsari Windiahsari. « The Indonesian Government’s Dilemma in Repatriating Former ISIS Members : Balancing Advocacy, Citizenship Status, and Human Rights ». Indonesian Journal of Advocacy and Legal Services 6, n^o 1 (30 avril 2024) : 103–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.15294/ijals.v6i1.78523.

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Indonesian Government confronts a multifaceted challenge in repatriating former ISIS members, necessitating a delicate equilibrium between advocacy, citizenship status, and human rights principles. International conventions uphold the fundamental right to nationality, articulated in Article 15 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, yet over 500 former ISIS members from Indonesia remain stranded in Syria, having illegally departed and destroyed their official documentation. While several countries in Southeast Asia and Europe have undertaken repatriation efforts under rigorous conditions, Indonesia faces a quandary. These individuals do not qualify as People with Social Welfare Problems under domestic law, complicating their reintegration. This classification divergence conflicts with international obligations requiring nations to accept and restore nationality to their citizens, notwithstanding their affiliation with extremist groups not recognized as refugees by the UNHCR. This paper delves into the legal and humanitarian imperatives compelling Indonesia to address this issue. It examines international frameworks and national legislation to argue for the necessity of repatriation, while also exploring the preventive and repressive measures Indonesia employs. Balancing the imperative to safeguard human rights with national security concerns presents a formidable task, demanding a nuanced approach that ensures compliance with international standards while safeguarding domestic stability and security.

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Konopka, Karolina, et Marta Chrustowicz. « The influence of gender threat on social distance toward minority groups ». Men Disability Society 45, n^o 3 (30 septembre 2019) : 73–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0013.6226.

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Gender threat triggers compensatory mechanisms and motivation to restore and reaffirm gender identity. The aim of the present research is to verify whether gender threat will influence social distance toward homosexual people, refugees, and disabled people. It was predicted that men in gender threat conditions would manifest higher social distance toward groups when compared with the control condition. Due to the exploratory nature of the study, no hypotheses were formulated for women. Sixty-six individuals (30 men and 36 women) aged from 18 to 24 participated in the experiment. After completing the Masculinity and Femininity Scale, participants in the gender threat condition found out that they possess high levels of feminine attributes (men) or high levels of masculine traits (women). Participants in the control group did not receive feedback about the levels of their femininity and masculinity.The analyses showed that both men and women, after receiving the information that their psychological gender was incompatible with their biological sex, declared stronger social distance and colder feelings toward the majority of the groups, including people with disabilities. At the same time, women, regardless of the research condition, declared warmer feelings toward these groups than men. The results of the study indicate that gender threat may be a potential mechanism which explains prejudices toward other groups. However, the results obtained among females require replication in future studies.

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Wirtz, Andrea L., Megan Stevenson, José Rafael Guillén, Jennifer Ortiz, Miguel Ángel Barriga Talero, Kathleen R. Page, Jhon Jairo López et al. « Persistent Food Insecurity and Material Hardships : A Latent Class Analysis of Experiences among Venezuelan Refugees and Migrants in Urban Colombia ». Nutrients 16, n^o 7 (4 avril 2024) : 1060. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu16071060.

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The causes and conditions of displacement often increase the vulnerability of migrant and refugee populations to food insecurity, alongside other material hardships. We aimed to examine the multidimensional aspects and patterns of food insecurity and other material hardships in a cross-sectional sample of 6221 Venezuelan refugees and migrants in urban Colombia using a latent class analysis. Using multinomial and logistic regression models, we investigated the demographic and migratory experiences associated with identified classes and how class membership is associated with multiple health outcomes among Venezuelan refugees and migrants, respectively. Approximately two thirds of the sample was comprised cisgender women, and the participants had a median age of 32 years (IQR: 26–41). Four heterogeneous classes of food insecurity and material hardships emerged: Class 1—low food insecurity and material hardship; Class 2—high food insecurity and material hardship; Class 3—high income hardship with insufficient food intake; and Class 4—income hardship with food affordability challenges. Class 2 reflected the most severe food insecurity and material hardships and had the highest class membership; Venezuelans with an irregular migration status were almost 1.5 times more likely to belong to this class. Food insecurity and material hardship class membership was independently associated with self-rated health, mental health symptoms, and recent violence victimization and marginally associated with infectious disease outcomes (laboratory-confirmed HIV and/or syphilis infection). Social safety nets, social protection, and other interventions that reduce and prevent material hardships and food insecurity among refugees and migrants, alongside the host community, may improve public health, support development, and reduce healthcare costs. In the long term, regularization and social policies for migrants aimed at enhancing refugees’ and migrants’ social and economic inclusion may contribute to improving food security in this population.

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Curtis, Maria F. « Performing closeness : Al-ghurbah and co-presence in Syrian refugee women’s vernacular media ». Performing Islam 10, n^o 1 (1 décembre 2021) : 63–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/pi_00018_1.

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This ethnographic case study focuses on newly resettled refugee women from Syria to the greater Houston, Texas area and how they used smartphone technology and various social media platforms to navigate the resettlement process between 2015 and 2018. They arrived at a critical time in the United States, just having acquired refugee status and resettling in Houston at the end of the Obama era. Trump era immigration policies (known as The Muslim Ban) denied immigration and asylum from majority Muslim nations. This participatory ethnographic study examines how, under the harshest circumstances, newly arriving refugees relied on smartphones, social media platforms and digital networks to create and perform a new collective community while remaining close to displaced family members. Technological engagement and polymediated experiences are examined through the lens of co-presence, gender performativity and visual media studies and how mobile technology helped engender a new vernacular space outside of and in opposition to nativist discourse. Their transnational caregiving and emotional labour and its digital footprints are the very architecture of emerging social networks, space building, and community cohesion. Mobile technology creates new forms of connectedness, constant contact and co-presence, a state wherein people attempt to overcome physical separation anxiety by performing, reproducing and inventing new forms of ambient polymedia environments, or, forms of digital communications that blur conventional notions of presence and distance. The question here is how the rupture of displacement might drive technology usage to continually expand the ways humans connect, and more importantly, how they find new ways to feel more connected.

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Harunoğulları, Muazzez. « Suriyeli sığınmacı çocuk işçiler ve sorunları : Kilis örneği ». Göç Dergisi 3, n^o 1 (12 mars 2016) : 29–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.33182/gd.v3i1.554.

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Suriye’de yaşanan savaş sonucu ülkemize göç edenlerin sayısı milyonları bulmuştur. Bir sınır kenti olan Kilis, büyük bir Suriyeli sığınmacı nüfusa ev sahipliği yapmaktadır. Çalışmanın amacı Kilis kentinde bulunan Suriyeli sığınmacıların çocuk işçileri, onların sosyo-mekansal ve sosyo-ekonomik durumlarını irdelemektir. Bu çalışmada eğitim, oyun ve sağlıklı yaşam hakkı tehlikeye giren çocuk işçilerin yaşadıkları sorunlar değerlendirilmiştir. Katmanlı örneklem yöntemi ile seçilen mahalleler ve iş yerlerinde görüşülen 62 çocuk işçi araştırma kapsamına alınmıştır. Suriyeli çocuk işçilerle ilgili verilerin elde edilmesinde anket, görüşme ve gözlem yöntemleri kullanılmıştır. Nicel veriler tablolar ve şekiller halinde nitel veriler de betimsel analiz metoduyla değerlendirilmiştir. Araştırmada sığınmacı çocuk işçiliği üzerinde yoksulluk, ebeveynlerin işsizliği, ailedeki birey sayısının fazla olması ve aileye maddi destek olma isteğinin belirleyici olduğu saptanmıştır. Çalışmak zorunda kalan Suriyeli göçmen çocuklar pek çok fiziksel, sosyal ve psikolojik sorunla karşı karşıya kalmaktadır. Bu sorunların çözümü için kamu kurumları tarafından gerekli tedbirlerin alınması, ebeveynler ve çocuklar için uygun istihdam koşullarının sağlanması gerekmektedir.ENGLISH ABSTRACTChild labor among Syrian refugees and problems: case of KilisAbstractThe number of refugees fleeing to Turkey due to the civil war in Syria has exceeded 3 millions. As a border city, Kilis hosts a large population of Syrian refugees. The purpose of this study is to examine child labor issue among Syrian refugees and their socio-spatial and socio-economic conditions in Kilis. This study evaluates the problems of child workers whose right to live a healthy life and to play was imperiled. Certain neighborhoods selected according to stratified sampling method and 62 child workers were interviewed and observed in this study. Survey, interview and observation methods were used to collect data about Syrian child labor. Quantitative data were presented in tables and figures; qualitative data was evaluated with the descriptive analysis method. It was found out that poverty, unemployed parents, the number of siblings and eagerness to support the family are among the factors affecting Syrian child labor. The Syrian refugee children who were forced to work face many physical, social and psychological problems. To solve these issues the public authorities should take necessary precautions and need to ensure suitable work places both for parents and children.Keywords: Syrian immigrants; child labor; Turkey; asylum seekers

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Ghafoerkhan, Rina, Lucy Lowe, David Nieuwe Weme, Elise Griede et Laura Jeffery. « Concerning ‘Neglect’ : Perspectives on the Prioritisation of Mental Health Conditions in Protracted Displacement Contexts ». Medicine Anthropology Theory 11, n^o 2 (29 avril 2024) : 1–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.17157/mat.11.2.7725.

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‘Neglect’ is a lucrative concept attracting billions of US dollars in research and development funding and transforming what is prioritised in global health. Stemming from a wider project aiming to improve healthcare at the intersection of gender and protracted displacement amongst Somali and Congolese internally displaced people and refugees, this article unpacks conceptualisations of ‘neglect’ in relation to mental health. Drawing on interviews with people with professional mental health expertise and/or lived experience of displacement, this article makes three contributions. First, we argue that ‘neglect’ must be considered in the context of competing health priorities and health-seeking behaviours, particularly given the additional challenges associated with disruption to social care networks in protracted displacement contexts. Second, we illustrate ‘neglect’ in light of our respondents’ distinctions between overt bodily expressions of distress that are socially disruptive and more internalised expressions of distress that are more socially containable. Third, we unpack the intersectional ‘neglect’ of women and girls by sexual violence’s distinctive confluence of social withdrawal with strategies of containment to avoid social disruption.

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Fouskas, Theodoros. « Sociological Perspectives of Migrant Health Disparities and Access to Healthcare Services during and beyond the COVID-19 Pandemic : Voices of Immigrant and Refugee Women in Greece ». International Journal of Non-Profit Sector Empowerment 2, n^o 1 (2 janvier 2023) : e32592. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/npse.32592.

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As the COVID-19 pandemic, as grew into a global health crisis, it created perilous and uncertain situations for vulnerable groups such as migrants, asylum seekers and refugees in the context of measures restricting mobility, social, economic, and educational life. This article, using the fields Sociology of Migration and Sociology of Health, focuses on female immigrants and refugees and their health and access to healthcare services in Greece. According to the results of in-depth interviews, based on the findings of two research projects carried out between 2020-2022 during the COVID-19 pandemic: “Voices of Immigrant Women” (VIW) project (Erasmus+ 2020-1-ES01-KA203-082364) (2020-2022) and “Local Alliance for Integration (LION/GSRI/University of West Attica/81018): Migrant and Refugee integration into local societies in times of the COVID-19 pandemic in Spain and Greece” (2021-2022) implementing a qualitative methodology, migrant and refugee women migrants are entrapped in a frame of invisibility, precarious living and exploitative working conditions and discrimination. On the one hand, one of the greatest challenges that Greece is currently facing is the existence of significant disparities in the health services provided to the population in general, and on the other hand, the problem is particularly severe for migrants. The research emphasizes that the health services to female immigrants and refugees are included in an elliptical system of Public Health policy which fails to address significant claims and fields while the COVID-19 pandemic has intensified vulnerability.

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Dnestrean, Tatiana, Ala Curteanu, Octavian Pascaru, Tatiana Zatic, Emilia Ciobanu et Helen Prytherch. « Adaptability of Integrated Community Care models in Moldova to overcome compounded crisis, including supporting refugees.&nbsp ; ». International Journal of Integrated Care 23, S1 (28 décembre 2023) : 575. http://dx.doi.org/10.5334/ijic.icic23215.

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Introduction: The Healthy Life Project in Moldova works and collaborates with local authorities across all sectors, including civil society organisations, community members and NCD patients to promote integrated, person-centered care. The aim is to ensure vulnerable people, including refugees, have access to health and social care. Overall, Moldova has received nearly 698,000 Ukrainian refugees, of which 96,646 currently remain in the country. Methods: Through intersectoral capacity building community teams developed local integrated care work plans, including joint assessments of people with NCDs and coordinated individual care across different sectors and community resources. The plans also involved a focus on responding to the needs of Ukrainian refugees. Within this continued implementation support, the project included questions of access to health and social care along the migratory cycle to maintain management of chronic conditions. Around 97% of refugees are residing in the host community, most of them require particular support in accessing their rights in practice, being women (59%), children (48%) and the elderly (21%). Results: Request for health care services from refugees (28,30%) is one of the forms of assistance expected in addition to cash handouts (76,84%) and in-kind support (35,79%). Therefore, in addition to building capacities for monitoring and management of NCDs, and the application of integrated care, the project considered specific actions for refugees. Training on managing NCDs within the refugee crisis was provided to Primary Health Care (PHC), hospital, Public Health, and emergency care management teams in 20 districts. To support and ensure mobility of PHC practitioners in responding to increased community needs due to hosted refugees, 835 medical kits were purchased and distributed, alongside protective equipment and disinfectants for both the health and social workers. A guide for community social workers on supporting refugees was developed in partnership with the National Social Assistance Agency and has since been embedded in the curricula of the social assistance faculty within the State Pedagogical University. During 2022, 20 integrated community care centers have reached 8,464 persons with NCDs, with 77% having their wellbeing jointly assessed by a community nurse and social worker. As a result, most of them were included in preventive measures and supported to manage NCDs (7851 persons). The most vulnerable were identified and assisted, including 15% of NCD patients (675 persons) and supported to gain access to social benefits, while people with complex needs (663 persons) received access to home health and social care. Considerable progress has been made to promote integrated working locally, between health and social care. As everywhere, collaboration is reliant on personal motivation and local relationship building, and some teams take longer than others. Conclusions: Such community approaches are playing an important role in coordination of efforts to support the most vulnerable, as Moldova continues to face a refugee crisis. This continuous support to build capacity and ensure implementation of common approaches, facilitated by a jointly held normative framework supports a more integrated approach to service provision at community level, coordinated by local authorities thus making more efficient use of scarce resources.

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Adamyk, Viktoriia, et Nataliia Stakhova. « Transformation of the European migration policy in terms of global and regional challenges ». Herald of Economics, n^o 3 (21 octobre 2022) : 137. http://dx.doi.org/10.35774/visnyk2022.03.137.

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Introduction. The migration crisis in Europe, which began a few years ago as a result of a massive influx of refugees from Syria and other countries of the Middle East and Africa, showed an escalation in 2022 in connection with the unprovoked Russian-Ukrainian war. Migration policy, which has evolved over decades under the influence of internal and global challenges, needs to be reformed in order to adapt to new realities.The purpose of the article is to study the evolution of European migration policy and the prospects for its reform in the context of the Russian-Ukrainian war.Research methods. To achieve the goal set in the article, general scientific and special methods were used, namely: analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, abstraction and concretization, systematization, as well as elements of comparative analysis. The methodological basis for the research is the national legal acts of the EU countries and joint documents regulating the processes of migration and integration of immigrants into European society, scientific works of domestic and foreign researchers, statistical reports, etc.Results. The trends of international migration considered in the article are characterized by a rapid increase in its volume and a change in form from mainly labor migration to an influx of refugees and people seeking refuge due to political, mostly military conflicts in the regions of origin. Not only the working-age population is displaced, but also children and elderly people who need social support but do not apply for places on the labor market. Cities, mainly large agglomerations, remain the main destinations. The burden on the state and local budgets of the recipient countries, social, transport and household infrastructure increases every year, and the levers of the European migration policy show insufficient effectiveness. The transformation of the migration policy in the EU is taking place in the direction of partial harmonization and consolidation of efforts to prevent the negative consequences of the mass influx of refugees, as well as their gradual integration into European society. The article examines the peculiarities of the national immigration policy in individual EU countries and the difficulties of its implementation in modern conditions; the need to use an inclusive approach to migrants from Ukraine is indicated.Discussion. It is important to focus future research on studying the experience of countries that are the main destinations for migrants from Ukraine, in order to level the negative consequences of their influx and improve the system of levers for the integration of refugees into the national and common European economic systems.

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Articles de revues sur le sujet « Women refugees – Syria – Social conditions »

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