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Ewing, Lisa M. « Dangerous Feminine Sexuality : Biblical Metaphors and Sexual Violence Against Women ». Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1367353989.
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BARCELLOS, MARIANA REIS. « MARRIAGE METAPHORS : A COGNITIVE PERSPECTIVE ON THE SPEECH OF MEN AND WOMEN ». PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2012. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=19626@1.
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PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIROEste trabalho tem como foco central a investigação de metáforas que conceituam o casamento. Para tanto, são revistos aspectos do casamento contemporâneo, sobretudo as questões de gênero abordadas nas pesquisas sobre casais, e apresentadas as principais formulações teóricas e estudos sobre a metáfora conceitual à luz da Linguística Cognitiva. Foi realizada uma pesquisa de campo na qual utilizou-se entrevista semi-estruturada, visando a indagar sobre temas importantes acerca da relação conjugal dos participantes. A amostra de conveniência foi composta por três homens e três mulheres, com idades entre trinta e cinco e cinquenta anos, pertencentes às camadas médias urbanas, heterossexuais, coabitantes e que se autodenominaram casados há, no mínimo, dez anos. Para a análise dos resultados, utilizou-se o método de análise de conteúdo proposto por Bardin (1997) e o método de análise do discurso usado por Quinn (1987). Os resultados encontrados apontam para diferenças de gênero no que diz respeito à concepção e à experiência do casamento. Também pôde-se perceber que os sujeitos vivem as metáforas presentes em seu discurso, ressaltando a relevância da perspectiva cognitivista desse construto.
This paper has the main objective of investigating metaphors which conceptualize marriage. For this, we reviewed aspects of contemporary marriage, especially gender questions discussed in researches about couples. We also presented the main theoretical findings and studies about this conceptual metaphor, according to Cognitive Linguistics. There was a field study, with a semi-structured interview, aimed at questioning about important issues related to the marital relationship of the participants. The convenience sample was composed by three men and three women, among 35-50 years old, who belonged to the urban middle class. They were heterosexual, cohabitants, and they describe themselves as being married for at least ten years. For the analysis of the results, we used the content analysis method proposed by Bardin (1997) and the discourse analysis method used by Quinn (1987). Our findings point to gender differences in the conceptualization and marriage experience. We could also notice that the participants live the metaphors present in their discourse, which highlights the relevance of the cognitive perspective of this construct.
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Matheson, Jennifer L. « Using Metaphors to Explore the Experiences of Powerlessness Among Women in Twelve-Step Substance Abuse Recovery ». Diss., Virginia Tech, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/27370.
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Twelve-Step programs of substance abuse recovery are the most popular and most used mutual-help model in the U.S. One of the pivotal aspects of Twelve-Step is the often controversial idea of powerlessness. While a few recent dissertations have been conducted to look at issues related to women in Twelve-Step, most of what has been published in the literature on powerlessness in Twelve-Step is hypothetical, anecdotal, and theoretical. There is debate about the usefulness of the concept of powerless, especially for women in recovery, though no research was found specifically exploring this issue. The current study examines the experiences of powerlessness among women who are using Twelve-Step substance abuse recovery. Because experiences of powerlessness are abstract and may be difficult to articulate, a data collection method called ZMET (Zaltman, 2004) was utilized. This method helped women discuss their thoughts and feelings about powerlessness through the use of images of representative metaphors and analogies. Participants were 13 women who were in various stages of recovery using Twelve-Step. In-depth interviews were used to understand womenâ s experiences of powerlessness in their recovery while two surveys were used to determine womenâ s levels of affiliation with Twelve Step programs and their level of agreement with the First Step of Twelve Step. Overall, women felt positively about powerlessness in their recovery and felt it provided a sense of relief. Eleven of the 13 women felt powerlessness was an important aspect of their recovery while two felt it was either not relevant or not something they fully embraced. In exploring the metaphors women had for their experiences of powerlessness, a number of themes emerged. Many of the metaphors indicated processes while some were static. Themes also included metaphors of current events, nature, and babies. Other themes were: Higher Power; a general sense of powerlessness over many things in life and; choosing not to share certain experiences in Twelve-Step meetings. Implications for women in recovery, clinicians, and future research are included as well as strengths and limitations of the study.Ph. D.
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Koene, Jacoba. « Metaphors of marginalization and silencing of women in Eva Luna and Cuentos de Eva Luna by Isabel Allende ». Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp02/NQ27794.pdf.
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Carneiro, MÃnica Fontenelle. « Emergence of systematic metaphors in the speech of women direct victims of domestic violence : a cognitive-discursive analysis ». Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2014. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=11993.
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CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeiÃoamento de Pessoal de NÃvel SuperiorThis study, which falls within Cognitive Linguistics, consists of an investigation into the emergence of systematic metaphors in the speech of women direct victims of domestic violence, a growing phenomenon that presents alarming escalation indices. To understand this violence which makes victims in all social strata, it was necessary to investigate how ideas and feelings relating to domestic violence against women emerge in the speech of its direct victims. Based on the theoretical framework of the Metaphor-led Discourse Analysis (CAMERON, 2003, 2007a, 02007b, 2008; CAMERON; DEIGNAN, 2009; CAMERON et al, 2009; and CAMERON; MASLEN, 2010), this study is based, according to Cameron (CAMERON; MASLEN, 2010), on the understanding that metaphor is local and emerges in the discourse; has several dimensions to consider (linguistic, embodied, cognitive, affective, sociocultural and dynamic); and may, as a research tool, reveal what people who use it feel and think (CAMERON; MASLEN, 2010). Also according to Cameron (2007b), metaphors in language use result from a temporary stability of the trading concepts that are established among participants in a discursive event. Descriptive and exploratory, this qualitative research has a corpus composed of transcripts of the speech produced by six women about the domestic violence they have suffered, in a two-hour discursive event of a focus group which was recorded in digital audio. In order to collect data, along with the focus group technique, those of direct documentation were used. After transcription and proofreading procedures in accordance with the methodology adopted, the legitimated collected data were uploaded into the software Atlas.ti so as to complete the remaining steps of data preparation. With the data obtained at the end of these methodological procedures, it was possible to develop both the qualitative analysis of the speech of the participants and the quantitative survey related to recurrence of identified metaphorical vehicles. The results indicate the emergence of the following systematic metaphors, among others, in the speech of women direct victims of domestic violence when expressing their ideas and feelings about such phenomenon: CHANGING IS BEING A NEW PERSON; CHANGING IS GETTING OUT OF SOMEWHERE; GOVERNMENT ACTIONS AGAINST DOMESTIC VIOLENCE ARE SLOW MOVEMENTS, BEING SAFE IN THE HOUSE SHELTER IS BEING IMPRISONED, and TAKING AN ATTITUDE IS PUTTING AN END TO SOMETHING. These results suggest that, by means of the emergence of systematic metaphors, figurativity plays an important role in the expression of what direct victims think and feel about domestic violence against women. Data also indicate that systematic metaphors present metaphorical vehicles that are subject to metaphorical changes of three different kinds: re-employment , development (repetition, explanation and relexicalization) and literalization, among which the most frequent ones are those of development.
Este estudo, que se insere no Ãmbito da LinguÃstica Cognitiva, consiste em uma investigaÃÃo sobre a emergÃncia de metÃforas sistemÃticas na fala de mulheres vÃtimas diretas da violÃncia domÃstica, fenÃmeno cuja escalada crescente apresenta Ãndices alarmantes. Para compreender essa violÃncia que faz vÃtimas em todas as camadas sociais, fez-se necessÃrio investigar como ideias e sentimentos relativos à violÃncia domÃstica contra a mulher emergem na fala de suas vÃtimas diretas. Com base no arcabouÃo teÃrico da AnÃlise do Discurso à Luz da MetÃfora (CAMERON, 2003, 2007a, 2007b, 2008; CAMERON; DEIGNAN, 2009; CAMERON et al., 2009; e CAMERON; MASLEN, 2010), este estudo fundamenta-se, segundo Cameron (CAMERON; MASLEN, 2010), no entendimento de que a metÃfora à local e emerge no discurso; apresenta vÃrias dimensÃes a serem consideradas (linguÃstica, corpÃrea, cognitiva, afetiva, sociocultural e dinÃmica); e pode, como ferramenta de pesquisa, revelar o que pensam e sentem as pessoas que a usam. Ainda segundo Cameron (2007b), a metÃfora na linguagem em uso resulta de uma estabilidade temporÃria da negociaÃÃo de conceitos que se estabelecem entre os interlocutores em um evento discursivo. De carÃter descritivo-exploratÃrio, esta pesquisa qualitativa tem seu corpus constituÃdo pelas transcriÃÃes do discurso produzido por seis mulheres sobre a violÃncia domÃstica de que foram vÃtimas em evento discursivo de um grupo focal, cujo encontro teve duraÃÃo de duas horas e foi gravado em Ãudio digital. Para a coleta de dados, alÃm do grupo focal, foram utilizadas as tÃcnicas de documentaÃÃo direta. Depois de transcritos e revisados, conforme a metodologia adotada, os dados legitimados foram alimentados no programa Atlas.ti, possibilitando o cumprimento das outras etapas de preparaÃÃo dos dados. Com os dados obtidos ao final desses procedimentos metodolÃgicos, foi possÃvel desenvolver tanto o trabalho de anÃlise qualitativa da fala das participantes quanto o levantamento quantitativo referente Ãs recorrÃncias dos veÃculos metafÃricos identificados. Os resultados alcanÃados indicam a emergÃncia, entre outras, das seguintes metÃforas sistemÃticas na fala de mulheres vÃtimas diretas de violÃncia domÃstica, ao expressarem ideias e sentimentos a respeito de tal fenÃmeno: MUDAR à SER UMA NOVA PESSOA, MUDAR à SAIR DE ALGUM LUGAR, AÃÃES DO GOVERNO CONTRA A VIOLÃNCIA DOMÃSTICA CONTRA A MULHER SÃO MOVIMENTOS LENTOS, ESTAR SEGURA NA CASA à ESTAR PRESA e TOMAR UMA ATITUDE CONTRA A VIOLÃNCIA DOMÃSTICA à ESTABELECER UM FIM PARA ALGO. Esses resultados sugerem que a figuratividade, por meio da emergÃncia de metÃforas sistemÃticas, tem papel relevante na manifestaÃÃo do que as vÃtimas diretas pensam e sentem sobre a violÃncia domÃstica contra a mulher. Indicam tambÃm que as metÃforas sistemÃticas apresentam veÃculos metafÃricos que estÃo sujeitos a mudanÃas metafÃricas de reemprego, desenvolvimento (repetiÃÃo, explicaÃÃo e relexicalizaÃÃo) e literalizaÃao, dentre as quais as mais recorrentes sÃo as de desenvolvimento.
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Loewenstein, Andrea Freud. « Loathsome Jews and engulfing women : metaphors of projection in the works of Wyndham Lewis, Charles Williams and Graham Greene ». Thesis, University of Sussex, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.265601.
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De, Beer Aletta Magrietha. « Ruimte as tema en metafoor in die poësie van Afrikaanse vroulike digters na 1994 / A.M. de Beer ». Thesis, North-West University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/2593.
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Li, Pei-Ci. « Une étude comparative des métaphores de genre en français et en mandarin ». Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Paris Cité, 2020. https://wo.app.u-paris.fr/cgi-bin/WebObjects/TheseWeb.woa/wa/show?t=5064&f=31248.
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Cette étude a pour objectif d’enquêter sur les métaphores de genre (MG désormais) qui décrivent les femmes (métaphores désignant les femmes, MF) et les hommes (métaphores désignant les hommes, MH) en français en en mandarin en se fondant sur la Conceptual Metaphor Theory. Pour chaque langue, les métaphores sont récoltées en adoptant deux sources de donnée : un dictionnaire et un questionnaire administré à 240 locuteurs (120 hommes, 120 femmes). Nous établissons par la suite une comparaison intra-langue ainsi qu’inter-langue. Les résultats des dictionnaires montrent que même si l’utilisation des domaines sources diffère entre les deux langues, les métaphores s’adressant aux femmes et aux hommes sont asymétriques en quantité et qualité. Premièrement, le nombre de MF est plus élevé que le nombre de MH. Deuxièmement, les connotations de ces MF sont plus péjoratives que celles liées aux MH, particulièrement au sujet de la sexualité des femmes. Les données des questionnaires sont analysées sur trois niveaux : l’appartenance aux domaines sources (ANIMAUX, PLANTES), les types de MG (lions, fleurs) et les caractéristiques des MG (traits physiques, personnalité, fonctions et rôles sociaux). En analysant les MF et MH auprès des locuteurs et locutrices natifs du français et du mandarin, nous remarquons que même si l’utilisation des domaines sources et les caractéristiques soulignées sont différentes, des modèles similaires émergent dans les deux langues. Une Théorie du script du genre linguistique est par conséquent proposée afin d’interpréter ces modèles. Elle explique comment des métaphores conventionnelles concernant les deux sexes sont utilisées comme un script écrit pour guider les femmes et les hommes afin qu’ils jouent leurs rôles sociaux. Enfin, la comparaison inter-langue révèle certaines réalités sociales en montrant les différences de traitement entre les deux sexes en France et à Taïwan. De plus, nous montrons que la sélection des domaines sources et des caractéristiques qu’ils contiennent est associée à la cosmologie de ces deux cultures. Dans la culture française, la relation entre les humains et d’autres êtres est considérée comme verticale, expliquée par la structure hiérarchisée de LA GRANDE CHAÎNE DE LA VIE. En revanche, cette relation est vue comme horizontale dans la culture chinoise où les humains et l’univers sont perçus comme vivants en harmonie, ce qui est défini par la philosophie de l’Unité de l’univers et du genre humainThe present study investigates gender metaphors (hereafter GM) describing women (Women Metaphors, WM) and men (Men Metaphors, MM) in French and Mandarin Chinese based on the Conceptual Metaphor Theory (Lakoff & Johnson 1980). For each language, we collect metaphors from two sets of data sources: a dictionary and a survey answered by 240 native speakers, evenly split according to their sex. We then make intra- and inter-language comparisons. The results from dictionaries show that, although the use of source domains differ between languages, metaphors addressing women and men are asymmetrical on two levels: quantity and quality. First, there are many more WM than MM. Second, the connotations of WM are more derogatory than MM, especially in relation to women’s sexuality. The data mined from the questionnaires are analyzed on three levels: the source domains of GM (ANIMALS, PLANTS), the types of GM (lions, flowers) and the characteristics of GM (physical traits, personalities, social roles or functions). By analyzing WM and MM from the perspectives of female and male native speakers, we find that even though the use of source domains and their highlighted features is different, similar patterns emerge from the two languages. A model Linguistic Theory of Gender Script is proposed accordingly to interpret those patterns. It explains how conventional metaphorical expressions regarding two sexes serve as a written script to instruct men and women on how to perform their social roles. Finally, the cross-linguistic comparison reveals some social realities by showing how gender equality is treated differently in France and in Taiwan. Furthermore, we show that the selection of source domains and their highlighted features are linked to cosmology in these two cultures. In French, the relation between human beings and other things is viewed as vertical and can be described by a hierarchical structure The Great Chain of Being. On the contrary, this relationship is considered horizontal in Chinese, as humans and the universe are said to coexist harmoniously, a point of view explained by the philosophy of Unity of Universe and Mankind
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Merrow, Kathleen. « Nietzsche's "woman" : a metaphor without brakes ». PDXScholar, 1990. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/4099.
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This thesis reconsiders the generally held view that Friedrich Nietzsche's works are misogynist. In doing so it provides an interpretation of Nietzsche's texts with respect to the metaphor "woman," sets this interpretation into an historical context of Nietzsche reception and follows the extension of Nietzsche's metaphor "woman" into French feminist theory. It provides an interpretation that shows that a misogynist reading of Nietzsche is in error because such a reading fails to consider the multiple perspectives that operate in Nietzsche's texts.
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Radwin, Ariella Michal. « Adultery and the marriage metaphor rabbinic readings of Sotah / ». Diss., Restricted to subscribing institutions, 2007. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1383469791&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=1564&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
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Khanna, Ranjana. « The colonisation of the dark continent : metaphor and the politics of exclusion ». Thesis, University of York, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.333740.
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Anderson, Maureen Clare Shields John C. « "Witch" as metaphor in America an interdisciplinary analysis of the linguistic shaping of women in literature / ». Normal, Ill. : Illinois State University, 2007. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?index=0&did=1390282941&SrchMode=1&sid=1&Fmt=2&VInst=PROD&VType=PQD&RQT=309&VName=PQD&TS=1202750211&clientId=43838.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Illinois State University, 2007.Title from title page screen, viewed on February 11, 2008. Dissertation Committee: John Shields (chair), Bruce Hawkins, Ronald Fortune. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 255-281) and abstract. Also available in print.
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Goren-Watts, Rachael Brooke. « Eating Disorder Metaphors : A Qualitative Meta-synthesis of Women's Experiences ». Antioch University / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=antioch1311014326.
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Testaî, Patrizia. « From metaphor of slavery to metaphor of freedom : Article 18 and the incorporation of migrant prostitutes into Italian society ». Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2008. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/11868/.
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This thesis is concerned with the debate on 'trafficking in persons' as a new form of slavery. It will explore the concept of slavery both historically and in its links with contemporary migration and connected issues of gender, sexuality, and labour exploitation. Within the contemporary debate on 'trafficking', attention has focused in fact predominantly on migrant women and girls involved in sex work and described as 'victims of trafficking for the purpose of sexual exploitation'. This thesis will explore the meaning of slavery in such debate. For this purpose, a research study will be carried out in three Italian cities, focusing on the ways in which such terms as 'slavery', 'trafficking in persons', and 'sexual slavery' are understood and applied within social protection programmes for victims of trafficking which, under Article 18 of the immigration law, grant a special residence permit and opportunities for such victims to work and stay permanently in Italy. The study is based on interviews with key actors working in social protection programmes such as judges, NGO workers, social workers, psychologists, lawyers, and police officers, on interviews with migrant women working in the sex industry and women using protection programmes, and on the analysis of parliamentary speeches and press articles. It will seek to critically assess the validity of 'new slavery' - as 'trafficking' is usually understood - as an expression to understand problems related to contemporary exploitative labour practices within the context of global poverty, dislocation of capital and labour, and restrictive immigration regimes. It will focus on the gender, 'racial', and sexuality aspects of anti-trafficking policies in Italy and how they get linked to citizenship within the socio-legal process enacted by Article 18 of the Italian immigration law. It will finally ask what kind of citizenship is granted to subjects who have been Otherised as 'slaves' on the basis of their gender and sexuality and who, through a postcolonial process of discipline and social control, are incorporated into the Italian society via their 'domestication' within 'proper' sexual, gender, and labour roles (i.e. as domestic workers in Italian families or as wives).
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Birch, Alannah. « "The enemy of the absolute" : Women in the early poetry of T.S.ELIOT ». University of Western Cape, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/7450.
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Magister Artium - MAMathew Arnold's 1867 poem presents romantic love as a condition of permanence that can offer refuge from a changeable world. Sixty years later, however, Virginia Woolf observes that romance has become rare as a subject of modern poetry. Her suggestion that there is an historical explanation for this change in literary subject matter is the starting point for this study of the representation of women in the early poetry of T.S. Eliot. Whereas Woolf tentatively dates the "death" of romance to the First World War I will suggest that this change in poetic sentiment is evident in Eliot's early work, some of which predates the war. In the poems under discussion, written between the years 1910 ("Portrait of a Lady" and "The Love Song of J.
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Fillion, Jennifer Mary. « Metaphor Use in Interpersonal Communication of Body Perception in the Context of Breast Cancer ». PDXScholar, 2013. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/1014.
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Female breast cancer patients are often confused, frustrated, and devastated by changes occurring in their bodies and the treatment process. Many women express frustration and concern with the inability to know what the next phases of their life will bring. Previous research also states that many women struggle to communicate with others about treatment as well as side effects. This research examined how woman are use metaphors to describe their experience with breast cancer, specifically throughout the treatment period related to body image struggles. I qualitatively conducted interviews with women who were either currently in treatment or just finishing. My interview questions related to their uncertainties, as well as the changes occurring to their bodies. After conducting the interviews I transcribed the conversations and coded for specific metaphors. The results were consistent with previous research, in that that the interviewees used at least four major metaphors to describe what they are going through. The four most prominent metaphors were (1) journey, (2) game, (3) struggle/fight, (4) grasping. The findings could benefit patients, nurses, physicians as well as family and friends to reduce stress and help with coping. The findings may also help female patients struggling with identity issues due to lumpectomies or mastectomies. Understanding how patients comprehend the disease can ultimately help others to understand and hopefully reduce some of the concerns of all those involved in such situations.
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Adams, Nordette N. « An Old Woman Bumped Her on Canal ». ScholarWorks@UNO, 2016. http://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/2210.
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This work is a collection of poems revolving around black or African-American identity and the intersection of feminist consciousness with racial struggle. An examination of the unknown or forgotten black woman runs through this work as well as connection to a mother figure. The poems also reflect the influence of place, particularly New Orleans, its history, its culture, and its present evolution post-Hurricane Katrina. The collection's preface includes development of a unique poetics that considers identity theories and models of the subject in light of poetic voice. The poems use caesura heavily, rhyme, and sonic echo. Poets who have influenced the author include Gwendolyn Brooks, Langston Hughes, Ai, and Lucille Clifton.
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Mansbridge, Pamela. « Metaphor, male/female theorists, and the "birth rites" of women, the reclamation projects of Sylvia Plath, Anais Nin and Maya Deren ». Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/MQ59915.pdf.
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Durham, Alexandra. « Capies, tu modo tende plagas repetition and inversion of the hunting metaphor in Roman love elegy / ». Diss., Connect to the thesis, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10066/1478.
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Sarut, Paula. « Thou Art That ». Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2009. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/1811.
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The artist discusses her Master of Fine Arts thesis exhibition, Thou Art That, held in Slocumb Galleries, East Tennessee State University, from November 3-7, 2008. The exhibit consists of self-portraits in oil on stretched canvas painted between May and October 2008.
Ideas explored include the creative power of limitation, metaphor, divinity, relationship, human development, life experience, and the bond between mother and child. Influences discussed include the written works and ideas of Joseph Campbell and Joseph Chilton Pearce, as well as the ideas of artist Judy Chicago, art critic Suzi Gablik, and the artwork of Gerhard Richter.
Included is a complete catalogue of the paintings from Thou Art That.
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Vorell, Matthew Stanley. « Application of the ZMET Methodology in an Organizational Context : Comparing Black and White Student Subcultures in a University Setting ». Oxford, Ohio : Miami University, 2003. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=miami1059150389.
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Thesis (M.A.)--Miami University, Dept. of Speech Communication, 2003.Title from first page of PDF document. Document formatted into pages; contains vi, 68 p. Includes bibliographical references (p. 61-65).
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Gleason, Kristin Mary. « Faulty femininity / ». Online version of thesis, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1850/12180.
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Musgrove, Caroline Joanne. « Oribasius' woman : medicine, Christianity and society in Late Antiquity ». Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2017. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/270083.
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As a writer of medical summaries and compendia, Oribasius has often been dismissed as a harbinger of late antique medical decline. This dissertation challenges this long-lived assumption by revaluating the compiler and his writings, and the place of medicine in the cultural and social landscape of late antiquity. Chapter one examines the scholarly biases that surround Oribasius’ career, positing that his Medical Collections were produced in response to the intellectual priorities of the Emperor Julian’s scholarly circle. Moreover, both the medical art and the physician were highly regarded in the fourth century, as chapter two demonstrates. Not only do the Collections reflect the priorities and order of empire, but the idea of the medical encounter granted both emperor and bishop a symbolic language with which to pose and articulate social questions in this period. Chapters three and four outline the ways Oribasius engaged with the medical realities of his day, by retaining in his compilation a sense of personal experience and patient interaction. In his borrowed case histories, female subservience in the face of medical authority is expected; whilst the hierarchy of the elite household is shown to dictate his approach to the patients within it. A messier reality of female agency in their own physical and spiritual care is better captured by Christian writers in the miracle account and sermon, in part because Christians like the Cappadocians and John Chrysostom imbued female choice with new theological meaning. Chapter five sets Oribasius’ approach to the female patient in the broader context of late antique social shifts. The compiler’s careful delineation of responsibility and blame in dealings with vulnerable pubertal and pregnant women reflect an attempt to reaffirm an unwritten social contract with the elite and the paterfamilias; a social priority which is also apparent in the legal compendia of the period. Christian writers, meanwhile, drew metaphorically upon medical discourses of generativity and patrimony to distinguish Christian society from the classical past, as chapter six demonstrates. In the final analysis, Oribasius’ Collections are shown to be intimately and variously in dialogue with the society that produced them, reflecting both the high standing of the art in late antiquity, and its symbolic role in defence of the social world, patriarchy and empire. Christian interactions with medicine are shown to reflect many of these same priorities, and to engage with medical norms in more pervasive ways than has often been noted. But it is only in the Christian text that the medical writers’ woman transcends the determinisms of her traditional generativity and physical inferiority, so central to the writings of Oribasius and his classical predecessors.
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Bolander, Alisa Curtis. « Margaret Cavendish and Scientific Discourse in Seventeenth-Century England ». Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2004. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd422.pdf.
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Häußler, Ursula. « Politik als Naturlehre ». Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Philosophische Fakultät I, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/15558.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Diese Arbeit trägt mit ihrem speziellen Interesse für die Organologiemetapher als diskursprägende sprachliche Form eine neue Fragestellung an die Ideenwelt der ersten Hälfte des 19. Jahrhunderts heran. Untersucht wird, inwieweit die Gleichsetzung von Staat und Gesellschaft mit einem lebenden Körper als Ausdruck eines kollektiv geteilten Weltmodells zu verstehen ist, das das politische Denken der beginnenden Moderne prägte und kanalisierte. Wie die in dieser Arbeit durchgeführte synchrone Diskursanalyse zentraler Grundlagentexte der sechs maßgeblichen politischen Bewegungen des Vormärz - des Kommunismus, der demokratischen Bewegung, des Liberalismus, der Frauenbewegung, des Konservativismus und des politischen Katholizismus - zeigt, ist dies eindeutig der Fall: Mit Hilfe der demiurgischen Kraft der Organologiemetapher werden Welt, Staat und Gesellschaft in sämtlichen politischen Philosophien so entworfen, dass sie als Organismen erscheinen, die durch weitgehend unbeeinflussbare Natur-Triebe in ihrer Entwicklung vorangetrieben werden. Ebenso wird der Aufbau von Staat und Gesellschaft von allen nach dem Vorbild eines Organismus modelliert, in dem sich Teil und Ganzes wechselseitig bedingen. Auch die Positionierung von Mann und Frau im Kollektivkörper wird auf Erkenntnisse der Naturlehre, speziell auf in den Geschlechtern wirkende Natur-Kräfte, zurückgeführt. In dieser Arbeit werden zuerst diese Diskursgemeinsamkeiten vorgestellt, die auf eine grundlegende Mentalität der beginnenden Moderne schließen lassen. Anschließend werden die einzelnen Diskursvarianten und ihre Implikationen - nach den politischen Bewegungen geordnet - detailliert dargestellt.With its specific interest in the organology metaphor this study creates a new way of understanding political ideas of the first half of the 19th century. It points out that the comparision of state and society with a living body is not only a stylistic pattern but a collectively shared fundamental mentality that influenced the political philosophy of the beginning modern age. This is shown by a synchronic analysis of essential and fundamental texts of the six important political movements of the first half of the 19th century - Communism, the democratic and the women''s movement, Liberalism, Conservatism and the political Catholicism. All political philosophies use the demiurgic power of the organology metaphor to design world, state and society in a way that they appear as organisms, which are propelled in their development by hardly influencable natural powers. Likewise all philosophies mould the organisation of state and society according to the pattern of a living organism, in which the whole body and its parts mutually depend on each other. By supposing different natural forces working in men and women also the sexes are positioned differently in the collective body. This study first presents these common uses of the organology metaphor through all political movements and the fundamental mentality of the beginning modern age shown by these. After that it focusses on the specific uses of the organology metaphor and their implications in each text.
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M'Closkey, Kathy. « Myths, markets and metaphors Navajo weaving as commodity and communicative form / ». 1996. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:NQ39284.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Thesis (Ph. D.)--York University, 1996. Graduate Programme in Social Anthropology.Typescript. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 332-352). Also available on the Internet. MODE OF ACCESS via web browser by entering the following URL: http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004 & res_dat=xri:pqdiss & rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation & rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:NQ39284.
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« Kittens and cougars : the effect of distinct dehumanizing metaphors for women on perception and behavior ». Tulane University, 2013.
Trouver le texte intégralRésumé :
Metaphors are employed in order to improve communication and foster our understanding of other persons. Labeling outgroup members as something other than human, however, is dehumanizing and suggests that the targets lack human qualities. Past research operates under the assumption that all forms of animalistic dehumanization inform a single perception of a group of people. The present research, following a “metaphor-enriched†perspective of social cognition, instead suggests that there are two common animalistic metaphoric frameworks for women that inform distinct impressions of women: the aggressive predator and the submissive prey. Male and female participants primed with a “woman-as-predator,†“woman-as-prey,†or “woman-as-person†metaphoric framework revealed their impressions of and intentions toward several nondescript women engaging in ambiguous behaviors. Responses to open-ended questions revealed that, consistent with predictions, perceivers interpret women’s ambiguous behavior as more predator-like (aggressive, rude, or blunt) after exposure to a predator metaphor, and more prey-like (e.g., friendly, mild, forgetful) after exposure to a prey metaphor. Animalizing metaphors were also expected to inform behavioral intentions (predators require taming, while prey require paternalistic care), but results did not support predictions. Instead, gender alone influenced behavioral intentions (with women reporting greater intentions to assist) suggesting that social-role expectations may exert more influence on behavioral intentions than metaphoric framings do.acase@tulane.edu
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Jordaan, Elsabe. « Madness and gender as postmodern metaphor ». Diss., 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/15423.
Texte intégralRésumé :
In the existing literature, the constructs of "madness" and "woman' have long
been associated with one another. This association has led to attempts by various
authors, and also this current work, to deconstruct the constructs of madness and
gender. The association between the constructs of "madness" and gender is seen
in terms of metaphor. The relationship between the constructs of madness" and
"woman" are described in terms of the manner in which meanings of metaphors of
duality are collapsed onto one another.
The approach to this discussion typifies the current shift in the human sciences
from a belief in objective bias-neutral research to a new kind of self -conscious and
sophisticated reality. I placed myself in this discussion as a researcher and a therapist, influenced by feminist, contextual and social constructionist ideas. The structure of this discussion was employed to reflect the theoretical perspectives mentioned above.therapist, influenced by feminist, contextual and social constructionist ideas.Psychology
M.A. (Clinical Psychology)
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Wells, Kate. « Manipulating metaphors : an analysis of beadwork craft as a contemporary medium for communicating on AIDS and culture in KwaZulu-Natal ». Thesis, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/3483.
Texte intégralRésumé :
This thesis is an analysis of a creative design HIV/AIDS communication programme named Siyazama (we are trying) that works in association with rural traditional beaded cloth doll makers from KwaZulu-Natal province in South Africa. As a reflective thesis it represents a hermeneutic opportunity to ascertain the extent to which an interdisciplinary programme of HIV/AIDS education and training impacted on the lives of the women involved and how their expert skills of craftswomen were employed to understand and address the growing HIV/AIDS epidemic. What began in 1996 on invitation from the African Art Centre in Durban as a simple intervention to upgrade craft techniques and craft construction developed of its own accord into a unique HIV/AIDS intervention in 1999. The communication mode in which the rural women were skilled - beadwork - was long used by women in KwaZulu-Natal as a mode of communication to circumvent the Zulu cultural taboo on discussion of matters of emotional and sexual intimacy called hlonipha. In the modern era of HIV/AIDS, this same mode has been revived and reworked as a means for affecting communication about the many sensitive and taboo issues that surround this disease. There is much scientific evidence which points to the fact that women in this part of the world are far more susceptible than men to HIV infection, largely due to their lower social status, their economic dependence on men and their need to manage the large-scale poverty that affects them and their families. All of this contributes to increasing their vulnerability to AIDS. Ethnographic analysis of the experience of HIV/AIDS amongst Zulu-speaking craftswomen in KwaZulu-Natal has also revealed the nature of the complex cultural belief system that is alive and articulated in the local art and AIDS interface. This thesis describes the myriad ways in which a particular group of rural women of KwaZulu-Natal, owing to certain customary prescriptions, appear as largely silenced on sexual and sensitive relationship issues. Yet, their expert abilities in beadwork have afforded these women the opportunity to express innermost concerns about the epidemic in three dimensional forms. The historical record of KwaZulu-Natal shows us how beadwork was often used traditionally by women to take the place of speaking. The Siyazama Project beadwork exhibit, comprising over 300 pieces of individual beaded artifacts and collected between 1999 and 2005, provides verification of the continued existence of this form of expression. It is an archive of the fields of inquiry which were covered in the Siyazama educational programme starting with 'breaking the silence on AIDS' in 1999 and ending with anti-retroviral therapies (ART) in 2005. The relationship between the beaded crafts and the AIDS educational information which was received during the course of the Siyazama AIDS educational programme is explained through an analysis of this beaded collection. As an in depth qualitative study of the experiences and impact of the HIV/AIDS intervention with women beadworkers from rural communities in KwaZulu-Natal, this thesis represents an attempt to account for how a creative design HIV/AIDS communication programme has impacted on the lives of the women reached by the programme, and how their skills as craftswomen have been utilized to make sense of the local HIV/AIDS epidemic whilst raising awareness about AIDS in their communities. The overall aim of the study is to interpret the effect and effectiveness of beadwork craft as a visual metaphoric mode of expression, and to define the way the project sought to circumvent particular cultural taboos on the discussion of sexuality and other matters of personal intimacy. The study describes some of the common beliefs and attitudes that persisted at the time at which the project commenced and demonstrates how these have been 're-written and re-corded' in beadwork throughout the six-year duration of the intervention. My focus throughout is on assessing the value of this project through proposing the medium of beadwork as a contemporary and unique cultural archive that speaks to the complexities of HIV/AIDS in Southern Africa.Thesis (Ph.D.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 2006.
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Li, Pei-Ci, et 李珮琪. « Water Women, Animal Men, and Metaphor : A Gender Metaphor Study of the Interaction of Gender and Age ». Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/66321804657797116830.
Texte intégralRésumé :
碩士國立臺灣大學
語言學研究所
100
The present thesis aims to investigate gender metaphors in Mandarin Chinese by adopting corpus-based method and questionnaire in which two factors: gender and age are taken into account to examine how different gender metaphors would be in different times and from different perspectives of different ages and genders in present time. Conceptual metaphor is not only regarded as an important mechanism of human thinking, but recognized as a device to reflect cultural values and norms which are often conveyed by speakers with more power toward other socially disadvantageous people. Men are usually those with power. Study on gender metaphor is thus considered as a manner to reveal the evaluations under the society of sexual inequality. However, little research of gender metaphor has been done except in European languages. Moreover, the data sources of previous studies are from the dictionaries, which are limited in reflecting the present values, and which lack different perspectives of different speakers. Via this study adopting two methodologies of corpus and questionnaire, we intend to fill the gap. The results based on dictionary show an asymmetrical structure of women metaphor and men metaphors. Besides, those metaphors are full of men’s values. The source domains describing women include PLANTS, ANIMALS, SUBSTANCE, FOOD, and OBJECT. However, only the previous three source domains are employed to refer to men. Among them, WOMEN ARE PLANTS is the most productive. Women’s age, beauty, and skittishness are highlighted. Otherwise, MEN ARE ANIMALS is the most prominent when men are the target domain. The tallness and the sturdiness are features emphasized. The questionnaire is analyzed from three levels: category of the source domains, types, and features of the target domains. The results show that other than the existed source domains found in the dictionary, there are eight novel source domains investigated. Besides, the asymmetrical structure has become more symmetrical. Among the categories, when there are conventional metaphors describing one gender in one category, the frequency of using this category to describe that gender is more prominent than to describe the other gender. Moreover, the speakers of one gender use more the conventional metaphorical expressions describing such gender to refer to themselves than speakers of the other gender do. Those findings show that gender metaphors have a great influence on the stereotypes of gender and that those metaphors describing two genders are regarded as an evidence for social construction of gender because each gender follows the society expects them to act, according to those metaphors. Otherwise, there are many types mentioned with high frequency not because of conventionality but of cultural background, language knowledge, and experience. For example, WOMEN ARE WATER is the conceptual metaphor of the highest frequency across genders and ages, which do not show in the dictionary. Finally, in term of selected features from the target domains, women’s appearance is more emphasized than that of men, while men’s social aspect are more focused than that of women. Furthermore, the differences of describing personalities reflect the change of personalities with ages. With ages, the focus of women’s tenderness increases, while the unpredictability of emotion decreases. On the other hand, the emphasis of men’s reliability decreases, whereas the impulsiveness decreases. By this study, we examine gender metaphors in Mandarin Chinese diachronically and synchronically, and complement the English-based literature on gender metaphors. Diachronically, the present study shows how gender metaphors change with the revolution of gender equality, but it also reveals that gender stereotypes are still entrenched in the society. Synchronically, we take age and gender into account to provide multiple perspectives in gender metaphors.
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Oakes, LJ. « The book as metaphor for the female self : a visual investigation through the medium of the artist's book ». Thesis, 2009. https://eprints.utas.edu.au/21065/1/whole_OakesLeonieJane2009_thesis.pdf.
Texte intégralRésumé :
One of the primary aims of my project is to consider how the book can be used visually as a vehicle to express the self and the female body. The impetus for this investigation came from my own interest in books and the stories that they hold. As my investigation progressed it became a self portrait, a way to both reveal and conceal my own story. The story of my chronic disease gave me a way to pull apart and reconstruct what a book could be. I have considered the notion that traumatic experience can manifest internally and physically emerge like a hidden text unfolding.
The project outlines some of the history of the book, cultural associations of the book with women and the development of the artists' book. I look at how the physicality and language associated with the book has similarities with the female body.
To inform my investigation I examined the work of artists who primarily address the related themes of the body, the book and the female self. I particularly looked at Paula Rego, Johanna Drucker, Nancy Spero, Audrey Niffenegger and Sally Smart who all make direct reference to their own stories using the idea of the book. I also drew on the writings of Johanna Drucker and Keith Smith who have both written extensively about the artists' book. Alberto Manguel's History of Reading and Stephen Bollman's book, Reading Woman, particularly Karen Joy Fowler's thoughts in her foreword about women reading, were also significant to my research.
My visual investigation employed strategies of deconstruction and reconstruction of books, photographs and text. I examined Elizabethan portraits of women with books and Victorian photographic portraits, medical and anatomical drawings, old fashioned books on etiquette, fairy tales and revisited my family album. I reconfigured these sources to make a story that is more personal to myself, turning the library I was given into a library that better expresses myself. However, the project is neither cathartic nor nostalgic.
In the final submission I present books as sculpture, as wearable objects, as props, as images and all as vehicles for the story of my physical and emotional traumas. Altogether, the work reveals a fragmented and broken text, giving glimpses of my past rather than a full disclosure of the actual story.
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Cuesta-Velez, Cecilia. « The Northamerican metaphor : Film, literature, and society in the chronicles of Elisa Lerner ». 2007. https://scholarworks.umass.edu/dissertations/AAI3318670.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Own to a long tradition in Spanish America, the Venezuelan feminine chronicle production takes a greater consideration and interest in the last decades. In this sense we present Elisa Lerner who constitutes an indispensable presence when we need to talk about Venezuelan chronicle. This research is directed to the chronicle corpus of that writer in order to establish a tentative pattern, necessary for its study an analysis. That pattern is conformed by five groups, literary chronicle, mass media chronicle, sexual gender chronicle, cinema chronicle, and autobiographies chronicle. Each one of them can be analysed independently and represent a particular study object. However, we have verified that lernereanas chronicles have an axis which unified them such as the concern for women in the modernization process, which has Hollywood cinema influence. In particular we take cinema chronicles, because in them we have observed that the life in the United States, as it is presented on the screen, is a systematic reference for Lerner when she speaks about women, modernity, and their compulsive conflicts. The cinema then is a metaphor in order to do cultural critic when we refer to more problematical aspects of Venezuelan culture and society. At the same time, she comments, socially and ironically, about the North American society and the strategies related to feminine aspects in that area. We analysed some of this chronicles in a cinema temporal curve in Hollywood from 1920's to 1960's. When Lerner filters her critic through Hollywood, she readapted herself inside the masculine hegemonic speech without using the political speech of their like kind. This cinema mediation allows offering her point of view in the face of modernity, the feminine liberation, the Venezuelan society, and the international politics without being put apart from the circle she belonged at that time. While many of the intellectual people enjoyed a privileged situation own to their hegemonic situation, Lerner's writing continued constantly and secretly emergent in the Venezuelan society.
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Raup-Krieger, Janice. « Identity as a framework for metaphor use in cancer messages designed for rural, low-income, older adult women ». 2007. http://www.etda.libraries.psu.edu/theses/approved/WorldWideIndex/ETD-1901/index.html.
Texte intégral
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Eriksen-Miller, Louisa. « Landscape as metaphor : the interpretation of selected paintings by (Amy) Bertha Everard ». Thesis, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/3406.
Texte intégralRésumé :
This dissertation is a study of selected works of the South African landscape painter Amy Bertha Everard (l 873-1965) with the emphasis on discovering relevant means of interpreting her use of landscape as metaphor.
In Chapter One Bertha 's family history and background is traced. This includes developments in her work from the earliest known sketches and paintings, her travels, experiences and artistic training.
Chapter Two examines Bertha 's relationships with family and friends, with a section at the end that discusses the candidate 's interpretation of some of the letters that have been made available for this research by the Tatham Art Gallery. This is in order to establish some character traits that may be relevant to the subsequent interpretation of landscape as metaphor in the final chapter.
Chapter Three discusses selected paintings with reference to the analysis of their subject matter, composition and technique. Criticism of selected work is made with some reference to Frieda Harmsen 's observations in The Women of Bonnefoi (1980), while some references are made to what appears to be previously undocumented works, discovered during this research. Exhibitions and reception of much of Bertha's work is also covered in this chapter. This is done in order to trace the development of
her work within the context of her life experience with regard to her travels and relationships.
Chapter Four examines the influences of faith and religion on her life and possibly her art. As a self-appointed Anglican missionary and teacher to labourers on her farms, a great deal of time and energy was spent in this practice. Reference is made to some prevailing religious and social ideologies in southern Africa that may have influenced her activities or that may have been motivating factors in her desire to participate in
this field.
Chapter Five discusses some of the possible discourses that may have affected Bertha's perception ofart and her decision to pursue this as a career. In the absence of much factual knowledge about the early period of her life in England, it is acknowledged that this interpretation is speculative. A survey of art practices and art institutions in Victorian England is made in an attempt to establish the prevailing conditions in the art world during her youth. Some reference is made to conditions in South Africa that may have influenced Bertha 's perception of art and her decision to pursue this as a career.
Chapter Six discusses, in greater detail, aspects of the South African context in which Bertha Everard lived for the greater part of her adult life. A survey is made of the establishment and development of some early art institutions and the people who constituted the art world at that time in South Africa This is in order to discover possible influences on her work and its reception as well as the socio-political and historical context that may have affected her life. As a counterpoint, the work of three of Bertha's contemporary female South African artists - Allerly Glossop, Maggie
Laubser and Irma Stem - is discussed.
Chapter Seven discusses possible interpretations of landscape as metaphor related to specific paintings. In this chapter, nationalistic and imperialistic ideologies in South Africa are discussed, comparing Bertha's painting with that of R Pierneef, and some possible interpretations of their use of landscape as metaphor.
Appendix I comprises two sections . The Summary of Letters is an overview of the letters that were studied for the purpose of this research. Their contents have been divided into sub-headings , related to areas of interest to this research, namely: Bertha's relationship with Edith, Charles, her children and motherhood, relationships (in general) and issues of gender, politics and racism , mission work and faith, landscape and weather, illness, exhibitions and criticism , work and painting. The Everard Letters gives selected quotations from the letters researched, under the same
sub-headings.
Appendix 2 records an interview with Leonora Everard Haden, by the candidate, in which Everard Haden's written responses are recorded.
Volume 2 contains illustrations of most of Bertha 's work that are referred to in the dissertation.Thesis (M.A.)-University of Natal, Pietermaritzburg, 2002.
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Mansbridge, Pamela. « Metaphor, male/female theorists, and the "birth rites" of women, the reclamation projects of Sylvia Plath, Anais Nin and Maya Deren ». 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/1993/2572.
Texte intégral
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Aaron, Daniel. « The metaphor of the phallic woman and its use in understanding the psychic mechanisms of male patients who require transsexual images in their erotic life / ». 2005. http://wwwlib.umi.com/dissertations/gateway.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Thesis (Ph. D.)--New York University, School of Social Work, 2005.Typescript. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 250-256). Also available in electronic format on the World Wide Web. Access restricted to users affiliated with the licensed institutions.
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Holladay, Melanie Butler. « Individualism possessed the supernatural marriage plot, 1820-1870 / ». Diss., 2006. http://etd.library.vanderbilt.edu/ETD-db/available/etd-07212006-113702/.
Texte intégral
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Charron-Cabana, Marie-Hélène. « Sous la cloche de verre : analyse des métaphores récurrentes de textes féminins de l’internement ». Thèse, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/7024.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Cette thèse est une réflexion concernant les particularités du langage, principalement de l’utilisation de la métaphore, dans les textes d’écrivaines ayant été internées. Mon analyse considère les œuvres de Janet Frame, Sylvia Plath, Unica Zürn, Emma Santos et Susanna Kaysen, ainsi que d’autres textes étant mentionnés dans une moindre mesure. Le fait d’avoir vécu une expérience de vie extrême, physique et psychique, a des répercussions sur l’esprit et la perception de soi, leurs représentations textuelles, ainsi que le rapport à l’écrit et à la littérature. Des figures subies ou choisies se répètent dans ces textes. Elles renseignent sur ce que ces femmes ont vécu, comment elles ont été affectées et la littérature. Cette thèse est divisée en cinq idées principales concernant les liens entre la folie, l’écriture et les femmes internées correspondant à la division des chapitres. Le premier porte sur la figure de la cloche de verre et ses variations chez diverses écrivaines. Il s’agit d’une métaphore puissante, efficace pour traduire l’état d’esprit de l’internée qui permet d’expliciter l’importance et le fonctionnement de la métaphore, son rôle dans l’écriture et la pensée. Le deuxième traite des métaphores spatiales et des lieux de pensée présents dans ces textes. Il est un examen de comment, alors que l’esprit devient de plus en plus fragile et l’image du corps incertaine en raison des traitements et des conditions de vie imposées, apparaît la nécessité d’un lieu, figuré ou réel, d’où écrire et de comment ce lieu est en relation avec le langage et la structuration de l’écrit et de la pensée. Le troisième porte sur la notion d’abjection. Ces femmes sont considérées, traitées, se perçoivent et vivent comme des animaux, des excréments ou des déchets. Il est une décortication de la représentation de l’effritement des limites de la subjectivité lors de l’internement. J’y explique à quel point l’hôpital pousse la personne vers la saleté et l’animalité plutôt que vers la guérison, ainsi que les conséquences pour la perception de soi que le fait d’être placé hors du social entraîne. Le quatrième concerne la notion d’objet et les processus qui font qu’à force d’être réifiées les narratrices des textes se perçoivent comme des objets plutôt que des personnes. Le rapport que l’esprit entretient avec les objets et l’importance qu’ils ont pour son fonctionnement y sont examinés. Le cinquième traite enfin des réflexions sur l’utilisation du langage, que ces écrivaines ont réalisées, sur les mots et procédés qu’elles emploient pour les communiquer ainsi que sur l’importance du corps féminin et de la conception de la féminité dans la production des textes et des idées qu’ils portent. J’en arrive à établir à quel point, pour ces écrivaines, la vie dépend du littéraire. Ma thèse démontre comment la littérature leur a fourni un espace d’analyse et de structure de leur personne et de leur pensée, ainsi qu’un lieu de parole émergeant de l’utilisation du langage et des interactions entre l’esprit, les mots et le monde.This thesis reflects on the particularities of the use of language, especially in terms of recurring metaphors, in the texts of women writers who spent a part of their life in a psychiatric hospital. I question the texts of Janet Frame, Sylvia Plath, Unica Zürn, Emma Santos and Susanna Kaysen. Some other women writers are also examined, to a lesser extent. It shows that the fact of having lived an experience, which I would qualify as physically and psychologically extreme living conditions, affects these writers’ mind, the self-perception and their textual representations. It also shows how one’s relation to writing and literature is changed by this situation. Undergone, imposed, selected or created metaphors are born, are shown or repeated in those texts. They detail both how these women lived and processed the effects associated to this life, as well as how their writing of these experiences reflects general aspects of literary discourse. This thesis is divided into five main ideas concerning the singular relationship that bonds madness, writing and the experience of living in a psychiatric ward. In the first chapter, I analyze the bell jar figure and its variations according to different writers. This strong metaphor, which is incredibly efficient to translate the internee’s state of mind, helps me explain the functioning of metaphor and the crucial role it plays in the writing and human thought. The second chapter looks at spatial metaphors and spatial representations of the mind. It shows how, while the self and its corporal images are becoming more fragile because of the imposed treatments and living conditions, there appears the necessity of a real or figurative space from which to write. This space is in relation with writing, but also with the mere possibility of human thought. The third chapter builds on the notion of abjection. These women were considered and treated as animals, excrements or waste, and they came to see themselves as such. I analyze those representations and also how they figure the dissolution of the limits to one’s subjectivity that occurs during the internment. The fourth chapter draws on the object notion and the reification of human existence, through processes of subjective reification, which lead the narrators to perceive themselves as objects rather than people. I also examine the relation we can posit between the mind, the objects it chooses to consider, and how they affect the mind’s reflexive operations. The fifth chapter reflects on the use of language, according to the theories developed by these women writers. It also looks at the importance of the female body and femininity in the production of the texts and the ideas fostered by these concepts. My thesis demonstrates how literature gave them a space to analyze and structure both their self and thought. For these women, literature was also a place to speak from. This possibility emerges from the use of language and from the interactions between the mind, language and the world.
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Desloover, Elise. « Une double subversion de genre(s) chez Nietzsche, ou comment philosopher par le poétique ». Thesis, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/25480.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Friedrich Nietzsche fait appel à un nouveau langage au service de la philosophie de l’avenir dans Par-delà le bien et le mal (1886). Son écriture s’en fait l’ostentation là même où elle se refuse à des descriptions explicites jugées trop conceptuellement fixes. Fidèle à une perspective résolument pluridisciplinaire, ce mémoire propose de souligner comment Nietzsche se tient à dessein sur la frontière mouvante entre philosophie et littérature pour mettre en œuvre ces nouveautés. Puisque la complexité du monde s’avère irréductible aux concepts philosophiques traditionnels, il s’agit plutôt d’illustrer ses vérités perspectivistes en ayant recours à la stylisation poétique et joueuse du texte. Ainsi s’expriment et s’élaborent maintes interprétations artistiquement créatrices du réel. La métaphore de la femme filée dans les œuvres de Nietzsche, qui personnifie tour à tour la vérité, la vie et la sagesse, s’avère centrale à cette pensée pleinement affirmative de la réalité. Elle met en scène des personnages féminins d’apparence voilée et pudique, entités qui se dérobent à la saisie conceptuelle tentée par la philosophie. Obéissant au principe de dévoilement de l’alètheia, la visée de celle-ci se compare à l’indécence juvénile du prétendant qui ne saurait s’y prendre pour conquérir l’objet de son amour et par là lui ferait violence.
Nous proposons une exposition chronologico-thématique des diverses occurrences de la métaphore de la femme, enrichie de nombreux parallèles avec les écrits et commentaires de Jacques Derrida, de Sarah Kofman et d’Hélène Cixous. La caractérisation de figures mythologiques féminines (Sphinx, Baubô, Méduse) s’entrelaçant dans les passages étudiés indiquera que les textes de Nietzsche opèrent subrepticement des subversions de genres. La théorie queer de Judith Butler sera mobilisée afin de saisir les subtilités du bouleversement des figures canoniques de la vérité/vie/sagesse-femme et de la philosophie-homme. Il apparaîtra que ces subversions de l’identité de genre sont intimement liées à des subversions du genre textuel. L’interprétation du motif du voile, qui rattache tangiblement la métaphore de la femme à l’acception nietzschéenne du poète-philosophe de l’avenir, montrera que la valorisation des apparences par l’écriture poétique, habituellement perçues comme trompeuses, défie les formes consacrées de l’écriture philosophique et, par conséquent, l’appréhension du réel.In Beyond Good and Evil (1886), Friedrich Nietzsche proclaims the necessity of a new language serving the philosophy of the future he envisions. While his writing refuses to advocate for explicit descriptions deemed too conceptually fixed, it becomes the ostentation of this new language. Faithful to a resolutely multidisciplinary perspective, this dissertation proposes to underline how Nietzsche’s work purposefully blurs the border between philosophy and literature. Since the complexity of the world is irreducible to traditional philosophical concepts, it is rather a matter of illustrating perspectivist truths through poetic and playful textual stylization. Many artistically creative interpretations of reality are thus expressed and elaborated through writing. Specifically, the metaphor of the woman spun in Nietzsche’s works personifies in turn truth, life and wisdom, and is central to his affirmative philosophy of reality. It depicts veiled, modest female characters, such entities evading philosophy’s attempted conceptual grasp. Obeying aletheia’s (truth’s) principle of unveiling, its aim is comparable to the juvenile indecency of the suitor who knows not how to conquer the object of his love, hence committing acts of violence toward it. I propose to exhibit chronologically and thematically the various occurrences of the metaphor of the woman, which will then be read in parallel to the works or commentaries by Jacques Derrida, Sarah Kofman and Hélène Cixous. A characterization of certain female mythological figures intertwined in the examined passages (namely the Sphinx, Baubo and Medusa) will indicate that Nietzsche’s texts surreptitiously operate gender subversions. I will call upon Judith Butler’s Queer Theory to grasp in detail the upheaval of that canonical figures represented by truth/life/wisdom-woman and philosophy-man. As a result, these gender identity subversions will appear intimately tied to subversions of the textual genre. An interpretation of the veil motif, by tangibly linking the metaphor of the woman to the Nietzschean meaning of the future poet-philosopher, will show that the valorization of appearances by poetic writing, usually perceived as deceptive, defies the consecrated forms of philosophical writing. Consequently, it has a significant incidence on human beings’ apprehension of reality or realities.
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Jürges, Christina. « Prisons et chez-soi dans la littérature migrante canadienne et allemande féminine : la construction de l'espace chez Agnant, Farhoud et Demirkan ». Thèse, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/8807.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Les littératures migrantes féminines canadienne et allemande contemporaine sont ancrées sur des questionnements de l’espace. Les auteures comme Abla Farhoud (Le bonheur a la queue glissante), Marie-Célie Agnant (La dot de Sara) et Renan Demirkan (Schwarzer Tee mit drei Stück Zucker) arrivent à transmettre les problèmes et questionnements liés à la condition migrante féminine de nos jours, à travers leur utilisation particulière de l’espace dans leurs romans. La métaphore de la prison aide à saisir la complexité de la situation de la femme et de son rapport avec l’espace. Il faut prendre en considération des facteurs comme le déracinement de la femme de la terre natale, sa domination par l’homme et son impuissance face aux événements liés à la migration, ainsi que son emprisonnement par autrui quand la femme est marquée par les préjugés et le racisme de la société d’accueil. La prison de la femme se manifeste également à un autre niveau, soit celui des théories spatiales : les théories spatiales masculines courantes (notamment celles de Bachelard, Merleau-Ponty, Lefebvre, De Certeau et Augé) négligent la situation particulière de la femme. Bien qu’elles aident à exposer ce que les espaces dans les romans nous communiquent et comment il faut lire les espaces, elles sont insuffisantes pour révéler le rapport femme migrante – espace dans toute sa complexité. De plus, la réalité spatiale de la femme telle qu’exposée par les théories féministes (notamment celles de Shands, Rose, Chapman et Massey) saisit seulement en partie le rapport spatial complexe de la femme migrante. La faiblesse des théories mentionnées ci-haut vient du fait qu’elles sont parfois trop simples. Elles ne tiennent pas compte de l’histoire de la femme migrante : due à son histoire particulière, sa conception des termes territoire, chez-soi et identité est tout à fait différente de celle des individus qui n’ont pas fait l’expérience d’un déracinement. En exposant les problèmes particuliers de ces femmes, cette thèse aide à sortir les femmes du silence qui les opprime. Par cette thèse, nous répondons donc à un besoin qui existe dans le champ d’étude : nous plaçons la femme migrante au centre de la réflexion théorique en insistant sur la complémentarité des théories masculines et féminines/féministes et sur la nécessité de combiner plusieurs points de vues théoriques. Par cette thèse, à l’aide de notre analyse des espaces dans les romans, nous précisons la situation nuancée de la femme migrante et apportons des perspectives éclairantes au sujet de son rapport complexe à l’espace.Contemporary Canadian and German female migration literature is closely linked to questions of space. Authors such as Abla Farhoud (Le bonheur a la queue glissante), Marie-Célie Agnant (La dot de Sara) and Renan Demirkan (Schwarzer Tee mit drei Stück Zucker) communicate problems and questions linked to today’s female migrant condition through their particular use of space in their novels. The prison metaphor helps to reveal the complex situation of the female migrant and her relationship with space: we have to take into consideration elements such as the uprooting from her birth country, her domination by men and her powerlessness regarding the events linked to migration, as well as her confinement by others. For example, these women are often subject to prejudices and racism on the part of the new country’s society. The woman’s prison becomes also obvious when it comes to theories of space: the current male theories of space (especially those by Bachelard, Merleau-Ponty, Lefebvre, De Certeau and Augé) are ignoring the woman’s particular situation. Even though they help to expose what the spaces in the novels are telling us and how we must interpret the spaces, they are unable to reveal the migrant woman’s relationship to space in all its complexity. Also, the spatial reality of women exposed by feminist theories (especially those by Shand, Rose, Chapman and Massay) can only partially understand the complex spatial relationship of migrant women. The weak points of the theories we mentioned here come mostly from the fact that they are too simple: they don’t include the history of the female migrant in their reflections. Due to the female migrant’s particular history, her conception of terms such as territory, home and identity are very different than those of individuals who have not been exposed to the experience of being uprooted. By exposing the particular problems faced by female migrants, this thesis helps break the silence that oppresses them. Therefore, through this thesis, we are filling a gap that exists in the field of research: we are placing the migrant woman in the center of the theoretical reflections, by exposing the complementarity of male and female/feminist theories and the necessity of combining different theoretical points of view. Through this thesis and our analysis of the spaces in the novels, we are giving a precise idea of the woman’s nuanced situation and are offering a clarifying perspective on her complex relationship to space.
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BIRKETT, Petra. « Dorothy L. Sayersová - předchůdkyně postkritické theologie ? » Master's thesis, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-52833.
Texte intégral
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Vasiljevičová, Dajana. « Proměna obrazu ženy v chorvatské próze od realismu dodnes ». Master's thesis, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-324426.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The thesis deals with the picture of woman in the Croatian prose and its transformations from realism to present times. The main aim of the thesis is to map out characteristics of the female subject primarily within discourses of feminist critique in the context of social aspects of the Croatian milieu. Thesis focuses on analysis of female characters that firstly embodies the social hierarchy, secondly represents the mythological concept of femininity and thirdly works towards confrontation of feminine identity with the patriachal phallogocentric discourse. It also focuses on the analysis of femininity, sensibility and sexuality. The main part of the thesis comprises the analyses of nine selected texts written by Croatian authors, namely Goldsmith's gold by August Šenoa, In the Registrar's Office by Antun Kovačić, Diary by Dragojla Jarnević, Melita by J. E. Tomić, The Last of the Stipančićs by Vjenceslav Novak, The Return of Philip Latinowicz by Miroslav Krleža, Marina; or, About Biography by Irena Vrkljan, Divine Hunger by Slavenka Drakulić and Ministry of Pain by Dubravka Ugrešić. The thesis shows the transformation of female characters by the influence of intellectual concepts and specific cultural situation in patriarchal society. Texts are chosen for typological diversity, which aims to cover...